SUMACAD et al. vs. PROVINCE OF SAMAR and PNB G.R. No. L-8155; Oct. 23, 1956; Paras. Digest by Ia. Doctri Doct rine ne:: !"ere #as i$%&ie' acce%tace a' t"e 'ra#ee ba( )o&*tari&y ass*$e' t"e ob&igatio o+ "o&'ig so $*c" o+ t"e 'e%osit o+ t"e %ro)ice o+ a$ar as #o*&' be s*ciet to co)er t"e a$o*t o+ t"e c"ec( #"e it re*este' to be +*ris"e' a %"otostatic co%y o+ t"e c"ec( a' re*ire' t"e "o&'er to sec*re t"e ecessary certi/catio +ro$ t"e %ro)icia& treas*rer a' a*'itor %er circ*&ar o+ t"e De%art$et o+ 0iace. Facts: "ec( #ort" P25, . Dra#er Pro)ice o+ a$ar Dra#ee P"i&i%%ie Natioa& 4a( Payee Pa*&io atos %ost$aster o+ 4oroga I'orsee7-er a$es cg*ire I'orsees7 :o&'ers P&aitis +ter >+ter t"e &iberatio &iberatio i 19=6, 19=6, i'orser i'orser cg*ire %resete' %resete' t"e c"ec( to t"e t"e *ici%a& treas*rer treas*rer o+ 4oroga 4oroga +or %ay$et b*t b*t t"e &atter #"o $ere&y ote' it #as ot ab&e or 'i' ot c"oose to %ay t"e sa$e. 2. cG*ire #rote #rote &etters to t"e 4*rea* 4*rea* o+ Posts Posts 'ate' ay 28 28 a' >*g*st >*g*st 5, 19=8, a' a' arc" 3, 195 see(ig %ay$et o+ t"e c"ec(, #"ic" #ere i t*r re+erre' by t"e Director o+ t"e 4*rea* o+ Posts to t"e PN4 o >%ri& 21, 195. PNB B re re!e !este sted d the B!rea! B!rea! o" Po Posts sts to "! "!rni rnish sh it #i #ith th 3. O >%ri& 25, 195, the PN $hotostatic co$ies o" the chec% #hich #ere d!l& received '& the 'an% on Ma& ()* (+,-. As o" this date the $rovince o" Saar still had a de$osit o" P/0*)/1.01 P/0*)/1.01 #ith the dra#ee . =. O a ay y 1= 1=, 195 195, , the dra#ee re!ested 2aes Mc3!ire to $resent the chec% to the $rovincial treas!rer and the $rovincial a!ditor "or certi4cation in accordance #ith the circ!lar iss!ed '& the Secretar& o" Finance o" 2!l& 5* (+01 . Be"ore the chec% co!ld 'e certi4ed by t"e a*t"orities cocere' as beig i or'er a' etit&e' to %riority %rio rity o+ %ay$et, the $rovince o" Saar* on Se$te'er 0* (+,(* #ithdra# the ao!nt o" P/5*,-0.-1* leavin6 a 'alance o" onl& P105.05. 5. I t"e $eati$e, a$es cG*ire tras+erre' "is rig"ts to t"e c"ec( to t"e "erei Plaintifs Plaintifs #"o, #"o, *ab&e to cas" it, /&e' i t"e o*rt o+ 0irst Istace o+ a$ar o *&y 2?, 1953, t"e %reset co$%&ait agaist t"e %ro)ice o+ a$ar a' t"e P"i&i%%ie Natioa& 4a(. 6. !ria& o*rto*rt- r*&e' i +a)or o+ %&aitis. %&aitis. O&y PN4 a%%ea&e'. a%%ea&e'. ?. De"ense o" PNB: a. It 'i' ot iss*e iss*e t"e c"ec( c"ec( a' #as #as $ere&y $ere&y ca&&e' ca&&e' *%o *%o to %ay t"e sa$e sa$e *%o beig beig %resete' +or ecas"$et i+ a' #"e +*'s +or t"e %*r%ose #ere a)ai&ab&e; c"a rob&es)irt*a&a#&ibra b. rIt co*&' ot "a)e %ai' sai' c"ec( beca*se it #as e)er %resete' to it #it" t"e re*ire' certi/catio *'er t"e circ*&ar o+ t"e ecretary o+ 0iace o+ *&y 3, 19=?; c. !"a !"att t"e t"e re&a re&atio tio bet#e bet#ee e t"e t"e Appellant Appellant ba( ba( a' t"e %ro)ic %ro)ice e o+ a$ar #as t"at o+ 'ebtor a' cre'itor, t"e 'ebtor beig #it"o*t %o#er to i*ire ito t"e ob&igatio o+ "is cre'itor *&ess it "a' a iterest i t"e sa$e; c" '. !" !"at at t"ere t"ere is ot"i ot"ig g i t" t"e e rec ecor or's 's to s" s"o# o# t"at t"at t" t"e e "o "o&' &'er er o+ t" t"e e c" c"ec ec( ( e) e)er er re*este' t"e Appellant t"e Appellant ba( ba( to #it""o&' t"e a$o*t o+ t"e c"ec( or e)er /&e', be+ore t"e e@"a*stio o+ t"e 'e%osit o+ t"e %ro)ice o+ a$ar, ay or'er +ro$ t"e co*rts or %ro%er a*t"orities to #it""o&' t"e a$o*t co)ere' by t"e c"ec(; e. !" !"at at i i ay ay e)e e)et, t, t"e t"e Appellant Appellant ba( ba( caot be "e&' so&i'ari&y &iab&e, t"e %ro)ice o+ a$ar beig t"e 'ra#ee o+ t"e c"ec( a' t"ere+ore %ri$ari&y &iab&e to %ay t"e sa$e.
Iss!e: 7ON PNB a& 'e held lia'le !nder the chec%.
8eld: Aes. !"ere #as i$%&ie' acce%tace o t"e %art o+ 'ra#ee. Ne)ert"e&ess, it #as $ere&y s*bsi'iari&y &iab&e, t"e 'ra#er beig %ri$ari&y &iab&e. Decisio ar$e'. Ratio: I )ie# o+ t"e +act t"at as ear&y as ay 12, 195, *%o its o# re*est, it #as +*ris"e' #it" %"oto static co%ies o+ t"e c"ec( i *estio; a' o ay 1=, 195, it #et to t"e tro*b&e o+ re*irig a$es cG*ire to %reset t"e c"ec( to t"e %ro)icia& treas*rer a' %ro)icia& a*'itor +or ecessary certi/catio, it )o&*tari&y ass*$e' t"e ob&igatio o+ "o&'ig so $*c" o+ t"e 'e%osit o+ t"e %ro)ice o+ a$ar as #o*&' be s*ciet to co)er t"e a$o*t o+ t"e c"ec(, or be+ore a&&o#ig t"e #it"'ra#a& t"at e@"a*ste' sai' 'e%osit, o+ $a(ig t"e ecessary i*iry o t"e $atter. I o*r o%iio, a i$%&ie' acce%tace o+ t"e c"ec( by t"e Appellant ba( #as t"ereby create'. !"e re*est by t"e Appellant ba( +ro$ t"e 4*rea* o+ Posts +or %"oto static co%ies o+ t"e c"ec( a' t"e s*bse*et re*ire$et by it +or its %resetatio by a$es cG*ire to t"e %ro)icia& treas*rer a' t"e %ro)icia& a*'itor +or certi/catio, #o*&' be a e$%ty gest*re i+ t"e Appellant 'i' ot t"ereby $ea to ass*$e t"e ob&igatio o+ %ayig t"e c"ec( a' "o&'ig s*ciet 'e%osit o+ t"e 'ra#er +or t"e %*r%ose. B)e so, Appellant Cs res*&tig ob&igatio is $ere&y s*bsi'iary, t"e %ro)ice o+ a$ar beig %ri$ari&y &iab&e to %ay t"e c"ec(. Padilla, dissenting: !"e o&y %arty &iab&e +or t"e %ay$et o+ t"e c"ec( is t"e Pro)ice, t"e 'ra#er. !"e 'ra#ee caot be "e&' s*bsi'iari&y &iab&e beca*se t"e c"ec( #as ot %resete' to it +or %ay$et "ece it +o&&o#s t"at it #as ot ab&e to re+*se %ay$et. !"e re*ests +or t"e %"otostatic co%ies as #e&& as t"e certi/catios 'i' ot create a ob&igatio o t"e %art o+ t"e 'ra#ee to %ay t"e a$o*t o+ t"e c"ec(. !"e +act t"e PN4 act*a&&y re*este' +or t"ese s"o#s t"at t"e origia& c"ec( "a' ot bee %resete' to t"e 'ra#ee.
