Opt ptii ma mall Capa pac c i to tor r
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Optimal Capacitor Placement Placement
Problem of Var Flow in ower ystems •
. ., and transformers) are inductive in nature
• Most power systems operate at a lagging power factor • Resulting system capacity reduced, system decreased
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 2
Purposes of Shunt apac tor pp cat ons •
– transmission systems and secondary benefit
• Voltage control – Primary benefit for both transmission and distribution systems •
– benefit for transmission systems and primary
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 3
Purposes of Shunt apac tor pp cat ons •
– benefit for transmission systems and primary
• Billing charge reduction – Not applied to transmission systems but a primary bene it for distribution systems
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 4
General Process for Placing unt apac tors • • Determine connection location • Determine a control method •
e erm ne a connec on ype wye or e a
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 5
General Methods for apac tor acement
• Based • Optimal
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 6
Optimal Capacitor acement n find optimal (sub optimal) solution • Expert System Initialization- Use power system knowledge to find a good initial solution
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 7
Genetic Algorithm • theory of nature selection • An iterative procedure that maintains a constant-size population of candidate solutions •
, , selection, crossover, mutation
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
,
Slide 8
ETAP OCP Capabilities •
’
• Minimize the total cost of installation and operation • Handle radial or meshed balanced networks (PS 5.0) • User selectable capacitor placement purpose •
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 9
ETAP OCP Capabilities • review capacitor impact on the system with • Speed and precision ratio control by users • Determine available capacitor installation
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 10
ETAP OCP Capabilities
maximum load and determine switchblade • Use average or source energy cost • Focus on saving during the whole planning
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 11
Display Results • • New capacitor locations and sizes
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 12
Plot Results • period • Capacitor operation cost during the planning period • Profit during the planning period
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 13
Report Results
• Capacitor locations and sizes • Load flow results for maximum, average and • Branch capacity release
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 14
Example • (critical under voltage is set to 95% and • Switch to OCP mode and look at the study case settings • improvements
©1996-2010 Operation Technology, Inc. – Workshop Notes: Optimal Capacitor Placement
Slide 15
