A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 7 I. OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to: b. enumerate the different types of ecological relationship c. identify the ecological relationships that exist in the given pairs of organisms d. show concern and cooperation in taking good care of the environment II. SUBJECT MATTER: Topic: Ecological Relationships Reference: Science Links p. 157-159 Author: Estrellita A. Madriaga, et. al Materials: visual aids, chalkboard, chalk III. PROCEDURE: TEACHER’S ACTIVITY A. Daily Routine 1. Opening Prayer 2. Checking of the physical condition of the classroom 3. Checking of Attendance B. Motivation To have an idea of what our lesson for today will be, let us play a simple game. Are you familiar with 4 PICS 1 WORD?
STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
Yes, Ma’am!
Good. Our game is somewhat similar to that. All you have to do is to arrange the jumbled letters to come up with a word that is related to our topic for this morning. The pictures will serve as your clues. Are you ready?
Yes, Ma’am!
Let’s start. (The teacher will call some students in front of the class to play the game) HIDDEN WORDS: 1. PARASITE 2. COMPETITION 3. COOPERATION C. Discussion With that, what do you think will be our lesson for today?
(Answers may vary)
For today, we will discuss the different types of ecological relationships. Does anybody know the meaning of ecological relationship?
Ecological relationship pertains to the interaction between or among two species of
organisms. That’s right! What are the four types of ecological relationships?
The four types of ecological relationships are symbiosis (mutualism, commensalism, parasitism), predation, competition and cooperation.
Very good! Let’s discuss them one by one. The first type of ecological relationship is symbiosis. What is symbiosis, class?
Symbiosis is a type of relationship between two different organisms where one benefits and the other is affected or unaffected or both of them benefit.
That is right! Symbiotic relationship has three kinds: Mutualism, Commensalism and Parasitism Mutualism is often referred to as the “perfect relationship.” Why do you think so?
Because in mutualism, both species of organisms benefit.
Excellent! One good example of mutualism is the relationship between a bee and a flower. The bee harvests nectar from the flower as source of food. Likewise, the flower also benefits from the bee because, as the bee harvests nectar from the flower, some of its pollen grains attached to it can be transferred to the stigma of the said flower thereby enabling cross-pollination. Can you think of other examples?
(Answers may vary.)
Let us proceed to the second kind of symbiotic relationship which is Commensalism. What is Commensalism, class?
That’s right! An example of such are the barnacles that are usually attached on the shells of mussels and other marine animals so that they will have a place to stay and to live. Barnacles benefit from the mussels while the mussels are unaffected.
Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship where one species of organism benefits while the other is not affected.
Can you think of other examples? What is the last kind of symbiotic relationship?
(Answers may vary.)
Correct! What is Parasitism?
Parasitism is the last kind of symbiotic relationship, Ma’am!
Very good! The organism that benefits in parasitism is called the Parasite, and the one that is harmed is called the Host.
Parasitism is a relationship in which an organism benefits and the other is harmed, but not always killed.
One good example of this kind of relationship is the relationship between the mosquito and human. Who benefits from this relationship?
How about the man?
The mosquito benefits from the relationship, Ma’am.
The man is harmed from the relationship. (Answers may vary.)
Can you think of other example for Parasitism? Parasites are classified into two: Ectoparasites and Endoparasites. Who can differentiate the two?
Ectoparasites are parasites that live outside the body of the host while Endoparasites are those that live inside the body of the host.
Examples of Ectoparasites are ticks, flees, mosquitoes while examples of Endoparasites are hookworms, tapeworms, etc. (Answers may vary.) Do you have any questions so far? Next to symbiosis is Predation. What is Predation, class?
Predation is a type of ecological relationship where one species of organism kills or eats the other.
Very good! Examples of Predation are owls that eat mouse, and lions that eat other animals. What do you call the organism that is eaten?
Prey, Ma’am!
How about the one that harms or eats the other animal?
Predator, Ma’am!
That’s right! In the case of the owl and the mouse, which is the predator and which is the prey?
The owl is the predator and the mouse is the prey.
Very well said. (Answers may vary.) Now, can you think of your own example of predation? Alright. The next type of ecological relationship is Competition. Please read the meaning of Competition.
Competition is a relationship that occurs when two organisms compete for the same resources.
Organisms tend to compete for food, shelter, space, light and even mate for survival. (The teacher will show a picture) For what do you think these two red deer are competing for?
The two red deer are competing for space.
Lastly, is the relationship called Cooperation. What comes to your mind when you hear the word COPERATION? Do you have this in your classroom?
(Answers may vary)
Just like humans, animals and other organisms also show cooperation in their group. How? One example is the working colony of ants. Why do you think ants stop for a moment when they meet up?
(Answers may vary)
That’s true! Another example of Cooperation is the herds of grazing cattle or sheep arrange themselves so that the strongest are on the outside. Moreover, many sets of eyes and ears are on the look-out for possible danger. Can you think of your own example? Very good! It seems that the class understood very well the lesson.. Are there any questions?
(Answers may vary)
None, Ma’am!
D. Activity Proper Using the Ecological Relationship Board, match the relationship to its meaning and example. The lights will be turned on if the correct connection among the ecological relationship, its meaning and examples has been made. E. Generalization The teacher will call one student to sum up the lesson being discussed.
IV. EVALUATION: Identify what is being described in each statement. Write your answer on the space provided before the number. __________1. It is a type of ecological relationship where one species of organisms kills or eats the other __________2. These are parasites that live inside the body of the host __________3. A kind of symbiotic relationship where both species of organisms benefit from one another __________4. The animal that is eaten in Predation __________5. A type of ecological relationship where one organism benefits while the other is unaffected V. ASSIGNMENT: Interview parents/elders in the community and ask why ecosystem is important.
Prepared by: Ms. Arlene Litao De Jesus (BSED General Science)
