Advance SAP MM with Guru99 Mihailo Sundic Krishna Rungta Published by Guru99.com Copyright 2012 Mihailo Sundic ,Krishna Rungta Smashwords Smashwords Edition
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Chapter 1 - Release procedures for purchasing doc. Releasing a purchasing document means approving it. #or this! our MM consultant can create release procedures to be used. There is a vast number of options that can be used for controlling the release of the documents. mportant information to know is that a purchasing document cannot be changed after it is released. That means that only the final version should be released. $nreleased documents %R#& ' re(uest for (uotation! )* ' purchase order! scheduling scheduling agreement! contract+ cannot be processed further %convert R#& to (uotation! )* to goods goods receipt! invoice verification+. )rocess flow,
Release strategy e can have a lot of different strategies for different situations. #or eample! you can define a release strategy that is dependent on document type! you can define a release strategy based on the purchasing organi/ation! purchasing group! group! or any other crucial information for a purchasing document. n most of the cases! one of the most most used release strategy is based on the value of the purchase document. efining a Release Strategy Step 0+ 1ets define a release strategy such that will only re(uest a manual release for purchasing documents with value greater than 022 3ur. #or eample if we have a )* of the value of 42 3ur! it will be autoreleased %will not re(uire a release to be processed further+. 5 purchase order for more than 022 3ur would re(uire a release. #or this! in the background! there needs to be specified a characteristic. e can do this in C!"# transaction. $%!&A'(% characteristic is defined.
t"s 6alue to be more than 022 3ur.
Release strategy e can have a lot of different strategies for different situations. #or eample! you can define a release strategy that is dependent on document type! you can define a release strategy based on the purchasing organi/ation! purchasing group! group! or any other crucial information for a purchasing document. n most of the cases! one of the most most used release strategy is based on the value of the purchase document. efining a Release Strategy Step 0+ 1ets define a release strategy such that will only re(uest a manual release for purchasing documents with value greater than 022 3ur. #or eample if we have a )* of the value of 42 3ur! it will be autoreleased %will not re(uire a release to be processed further+. 5 purchase order for more than 022 3ur would re(uire a release. #or this! in the background! there needs to be specified a characteristic. e can do this in C!"# transaction. $%!&A'(% characteristic is defined.
t"s 6alue to be more than 022 3ur.
Step )*
5ssigning fields to a characteristic on the additional data tab. e are assigning field 73KK*-893T to the characteristic! because that field is a purchase document value.
Step +*
There also needs to be specified a class that holds the characteristic. 1. T-code to accomplish that is C'").
:. #or this this class! class! we we need to to set a class class name! name! class class type! type! ;.
Step #*
5ssigning a characteristic to a class. 5fterwards! we can assign $%!&A'(% to a class called R%',P(R .
Step *
#ollowing steps need to be done in customi/ing. 0. 7reate release groups %you assign them a class ' in our case R31>)$R+.
:. 7reate release codes %assigning them release groups+. ;. 7reate release indicators %e.g. 0-?locked! :-Released+. Creating a release strategy.
5ssigning a release group and release code to a release strategy.
e can see that our purchase order is created to a value of more than 022 3ur. f we create a )* for less than 022 3ur! it will be autoreleased.These two statuses mean that our )* is in release %it"s subject to release process indicating that it should be approved before further processing can be possible+. The other indicates the current status ' /loc0ed means that it isn"t released yet.6alue is :=!222 3ur! which is more than 022 3ur.
9ow we have a purchase order that needs to be released %approved+ to be valid for further processing. Releasing purchase order #or the actual release of the purchasing document! we can use t-code M3:B. Step 0+
0. 3ecute the transaction code. :. 3nter release code %mandatory+ and release group %optional+. ;. *ptions ' keep it as default like on the below screen. Aou can choose the appropriate scope of the list and purchasing document category %if we only want to see the purchase orders available for release we will choose CC+. 3ecute.
Step )*
0. *n the net screen! we can see the purchase orders selected by our criteria. :. 7hoose the purchase order you want to release by clicking on it. ;. 7lick on the release button.
Status of the purchase order has changed to released.
Step +* Aou can see in the M3:;9 or M3::9 transaction that our purchase order has altered statuses.CRelease completedC and CReleasedC statuses are now shown i n the )* header data.
)rocess flow is the same for all of the purchase documents %R#&! )R! (uotation etc+. 7ancelling a release Step 1* )urchasing document release has to be reversed in order for already released document to be changed. Aou can do that from the same transaction M%)2. 7hoose the Cancel release check bo and eecute the transaction.
Step )*
Aou will see the list of purchase documents available for release cancelation. 0. 7hoose the appropriate document. :. 7lick on the 7ancel release button. ;. Save and you are done.
Cancelling a release isn’t possible if your release strategy doesn’t allow the release to bereversed . This is a setting maintained on the release indicator and release strategy level. Aou can test a release strategy used by the purchasing document by clicking the C Release Strategy C button on the above screen. Aou can also simulate the strategy output with Simulate release button.
3333
Chapter ) - Pricing procedure )ricing procedure in MM module is a way to determine prices in purchasing documents. t give us functionality to assign different calculation types for different needs.
n order to setup a pricing procedure in purchasing documents! you need access to the customi/ing features. M8 path to the available functions, !ransaction SPR4 56 Materials Manage7ent 56 Purchasing 56 Conditions D@ efine Price deter7.process
#ollowing functions can be used to maintain the pricing procedure. There are more settings concerning the pricing procedure! but we will cover the most used ones.
efine access se8uences To define and maintain access se(uences! you need to follow a few simple steps. Step 1*
8o to S)R* @ Materials management @ )urchasing@ 7onditions@
Step )*
n the net step you define access methods for the access se(uence. Aou can see that several access methods are present for one se(uence. 3very one of them is eclusive. t means that if a record is found in first access %7ontract item+!
meaning that if the system finds a condition available from the 7ontract item! it will not search further! and that value will be used. f not! system will follow the other accesses in order to find appropriate entry. Aou can also set a re(uirement for an access method to be used. #or eample! there is a re(uirement ;4 assigned to access 1"! which uses condition table 1 - Material nfo Record %)lant-Specific+.
5 re(uirement for access number 02 is ;4 - )lant info record. f there is no plant info record for the combination of the values in table 0E! access 02 will not be used at all.
Step +*
0. Select the access you want to modify. 2. 7hoose the lowest level folder in dialog structure - ields.
Step #*
Aou can see we are located on the details screen for access se(uence )?20! access :2 and table 0B. The key fields of a condition table used in the condition access are showed here. 7ondition table consists of condition fields which have certain attributes assigned to themhen the system tries to access a condition record it uses these attributes.
1. Special value source ' this field contains a value to be used as default while accessing %e.g.
using a fied info record category for the access se(uence+ 2. :nit ' if this bo is checked system will allow initial value for this field while accessing the
condition table. f not system will not process the condition table lookup. 3. Atyp ' processing type in access. Aou can specify if the field is relevant for condition
access if it is part of a free or fied key type.
this field is left blank.
efine condition ta;les 9ow! when we know what is a condition table! what it is used for! we can see where a condition
table can be defined! and what option we have while creating it. 5s you have seen in the previous topic! we have used table 0B ' Material nfo Record in our eample. 1et"s see where and how it is defined. Step 1* 1. 3ecute the transaction code &<" and on the initial screen enter our table number - 12.
:. n the section :! you can see our table definition! table number! description! and two options that can be selected. #irst means use of the validity period %always recommended+ and the other is a check for release status of the record. f checked! only released info records will be taken into account while searching for the condition. ;. Gere is the list of fields you have already seen in the
&<" transaction is used for displaying a condition table. &<"# transaction is used for changing a condition table. &<"+ transaction is used for creating a condition table. $ow you can define a new condition ta;le if it is re8uired ! in order to use it in the access
se(uence definition. Most of the times new access tables aren"t re(uired since a vast number of predefined tables. Step 1*
0. 3nter t-code MH2; and eecute it.
:. 7hoose your new table number %must be unused! e.g. B0B+. ;. f you want to copy an eisting table into your new table! you can select the source table here. This is useful if your table is similar to another eisting table! and needs only a simple change to fulfill the re(uirements.
Step )*
0. *n the net screen! you can do all of the settings for a condition table! and generate it. :. 7lick this button if you want to edit the description. ;. 7hoose if your table should check validity periods and release statuses. =. 1ist of current fields. Aou can select any field you want to remove %by single clicking it+ and choose the remove icon %1ist icon with a red minus sign+. 4. Aou can add fields from field catalog by double clicking them. I. Aou need to generate the table in order for it to be used by pricing functions.
Aou can also use right click to delete or add a field to your table! as well as to navigate the #ield catalog on the right side of the screen. 9ot all of the fields can be shown in a single page of field catalog. 5fter successful creation! you will be prompted to create a change re(uest and afterwards! you will be presented a log screen like you can see on the following screen.
Aou have successfully generated a condition table let"s see if we can see it in the access se(uence maintenance screens.
t"s there! so now we can create an access using this table. e will not cover this in detail as it is etremely straight forward process. *n the accesses node of our access se(uence! choose 9ew entries button. Aou can create access like in the below screen for testing purposes.
#ields should also be assigned to our access )?20 ' FI in order for it to work properly.
Step )*
7hoose
Step +*
Aou can find all of the eisting entries for condition types. 0. 7lick on the desired condition you would like to change. :. 7lick this icon to choose the selected condition and enter the change mode. ;. f you want to create a new entry click on 9ew entries. n this case! you don"t have to select any eisting entries. =. f you want to create a new condition type by copying an eisting condition type %it will inherit it"s setting which you can change ' just like copying a condition table in the previous topic+! you can choose this icon ' copy condition type. 4. Aou have several more actions at your disposal, deletion! selecting all condition types! deselecting all condition types.
f you select multiple condition types! you can edit them all by navigating through them in the following screen %arrow left and right or #E and #B+. This screen has a lot of settings for a condition type! let"s review the most important. Step #*
#irst section of the screen contains condition type )?22! description! and access se(uence used for condition determination. 1. Control data 1 section contains the following, 2. Condition class %e.g. prices! discounts! taes+ 3. Calculation type %e.g. (uantity! percentage! fied amount! formula+ 4. Condition category %e.g. basic price! input ta+ 5. Rounding rule %e.g. commercial! round up! round down+ . Plus<7inus %indicates if a condition can be positive! negative or both+
!. Group condition section, ". Group condition %indicates if a condition calculates its value by more than one item in
the document+ 9. RoundiffCo7p %rounding difference comparison+ 10. Group condition routine %routine that calculates the value+ 11. Changes which can ;e 7ade section, 12. Manual entries %e.g. no limitations! not possible! manual entry has priority+ 13. =eader condition %indicates if a condition can be used at header level+ 14. :te7 condition %indicates if a condition can be used at item level+ 15. elete %indicates if a condition can be deleted+ 1. A7ount
ty relation %can conversion factor between $oMs be changed during processing+ 19. Calculat. !ype %can calculation type be changed during processing+
Step *
0. The other section on the lower end of the same screen are, 2. Master data section,
3. &alid fro7 %default date to use when entering the condition+ 4. &alid to %default date to use+ 5. Pricing proc. %pricing procedure to be used for this condition type+ . elete fr. / %deletion procedure for this condition type+ !. Scales section? ". Scale ;asis %e.g. (uantity scale! value scale+ 9. Chec0 value %default blank+ 10. Scale type %controls the validity of the valueH(uantity+ 11. Control data ) section? 12. Currency conv. %indicates if currency conversion is allowed+ 13. Accruals %if you check this bo you indicate that it is a statistical condition+ 14. Pro7otion condition %is this condition relevant only for promotions+ 15. >uantity conversion %controls how (uantity conversion will be processed+ 1. %@clusion %condition eclusion indicator ' e.g. gross price! ta code! delivery cost+ 1!. Rel.Acc.Assig %determines if the condition type is relevant for account assignment+
hen you are done with creating! changing or copying of the condition type! you can save your changes.
M8 path is the same as in the previous topics! and once there! we need to choose the
Step )*
Aou can see that the initial screen contains a dialog structure with Schemas as the top level. 5dditionally! you can drop down to 7ontrol data. Right portion of the screen shows $sage and 5pplication data. e can see that usage is to A Pricing! and application is set to M Purchasing.
Step +*
7lick on the schema you want to change and double click the 7ontrol data node.
Step #*
The following table of condition types %reference steps+ is used in this calculation schema. There are a number of options for condition types that can be set for this calculation schema %different settings could be set for the same condition type in the other calculation schema+. List of possible options with a short description: 1. Step %indicates the se(uence of the procedure+ 2. Counter %counts the number of conditions in a step+ 3. Condition type %one of the already defined condition types - previous topic+ 4. ro7 %reference step to be used as a base for calculating percentage conditions+ 5. !o %up to which step the conditions should be used as a base for calculating percentage
conditions+ . Manual %allowed to be entered manually+ !. Re8uired %re(uired condition+ ". Statistics %only statistical condition+ 9. Print %printing control for condition+ 10. Su;total %how to calculate the subtotal+ 11. Re8uire7ent %custom routine for the re(uirement+ 12. Cal!ype %calculating routine - if custom routine is needed+ 13. /as!ype %custom routine for base condition value+ 14. AccBey %8H1 account key+ 15. AccrualAccBey %8H1 account key for accruals or provisions+
5fter the right settings are applied to all of the conditions in a procedure you can save the transaction data.
Step 1*
7hoose
Step )*
*n the net screen! you can define schema group for use in vendor master. Maintain a description of your vendor schema groups.
Aou define only schema group number and description. There are no settings as this is used to be assigned to the vendor master record. #or eample! we might need to create a new group 2: ' Schema vendor 2:.
Step +*
9et! choose sche7a groups for purchasing organiations from main schema group menu.
efine your sche7a groups per your re8uire7ent.
Aou define only schema group number and description. 9o settings either! just an indicator assigned to a purchasing organi/ation.
Step #*
7hoose Assign7ent of Sche7a Group to Purchasing 4rganiation from schema group menu.
5ssign desired schema group to purchasing organi/ation. 5s you can see on the below screen! the field on the right is left blank! that is because if you leave it blank! it means that the default purchase organi/ation schema schould be used.
f you want to use standard schema for group organi/ation! leave the field in the previous screen blank! and if you want to choose the Schema 2220 enter 2220 in the field marked in the upper screen. Screen with the available schemas for assignment to purchasing organi/ation is available in the previous step %same as on below screen+.
Step *
5ssigning a schema group in vendor master. 8o to the purchasing data view. Aou will see Sche7a groupD &endor field. Aou can choose whichever schema group is suitable for this vendor! default is left blank for standard schema vendor. Aou can see that this field is maintained at purchasing organi/ation organi/ational level %2220+! so in combination with schema group for that purchasing organi/ation! if we check tables! the selected calculation schema will be RM"""" Purchasing ocu7ent E/ig*D as you can see in the net topic.
Step 1*
7hoose
Step )*
0. 7hoose schema group for purchasing organi/ation. :. 7hoose schema group for vendor. ;. 7hoose calculation schema to be assigned to the purch.orgHvendor schema group combination. =. 1et"s analy/e two records on this screen. 4. n case 0! we have chosen default schema group for purchasing organi/ation %first field is empty+! also! default schema group for vendor %second field is empty+! for this combination of both default schema groups! we assigned a RM2222 %)urchasing document - ?ig+ calculation schema. I. n case :! we have chosen schema group for purchasing organi/ation as 2220! and schema group for vendor as 20! and assigned a RM0222 calculation schema to the combination.
=ow does it wor0F
1et"s say that we have a purchase organi/ation """1 with ;lan0 %default+ schema group assigned to it! and a purchase organi/ation """) with schema group """1 assigned to it %not default+. e also have a vendor 1 with assigned schema group as ;lan0 %default+! and vendor ) with schema group defined as "1 %not default+. n case we are creating a purchase order through purchasing group 2220 for vendor 0! our claculation schema is going to be determined as RM2222. f we are creating a )* for vendor : through purchasing organi/ation 2220! calculation schema RM0222 will be determined. f we are creating a )* for any of the two vendors in purchasing organi/ation 222:! in both cases there will be determined calculation schema RM0222. The below table clarifies the claculation schema determination.
Aou are done. Aour pricing procedure is now fully functional. Aou can use some advanced features like condition eclusions! copy control! define limits for condition types etc. JJJJ
Chapter + - :nventory Manage7ent nventory management is used to manage the inventory for the goods. t is based on several key processes.
from storage location to a storage location! receipt from purchase order! issue for the delivery! receipt from production+. Movement types have its predefined settings in standard S5) system! and they can be customi/ed according to your needs.5lso! you could use the same movement type for different processes if you use 7ove7ent indicators properly. #or eample! movement type 1"1 with movement indicator / is used for goods receipt from purchase order. The same movement type 1"1 with movement indicator is used for production order goods receipt.Aou can see on the
net screen how the movement type maintenance screen looks.Guge number of options are
available to set up the movement type properly! and it"s access by the 4M transaction code.3ecute 4M transaction! and on the initial screen choose Move7ent type ! on the net screen enter the movement type range you wish to edit. Aou will be presented a screen that looks like the net screen.Aou can see a dialog structure on the left. These options are used for setting up our movement types according to our needs. hen you select any of the options the details screen on the right is updated with settings for that node.
This is not in a scope of this tutorial! as configuring the movement type re(uires etremely deep knowledge of the processes in MM module %inventory management component+. Aou just need to understand for now what does the movement type! and movement indicator represent. #eel free to take a tour around the *M transaction to get a bit more insight on the actual setting that can be made on movement type! and movement typeHmovement indicator level. To
summari/e the lesson! movement types are used for distinction how the goods will be moved in our inventory. #or eample! e will set up our movement type 1"1 to be used for goods receipt. Movement type +11 to be used for stock transfer from one storage location to another in one step. Movement type "1 for goods issue for outbound delivery.. 5nother thing to know is that every movement type needs to have a reversal movement type defined %if we need to cancel ;00 we have to define ;0: as a reversal movement type! 020 D@ 02:! I20 D@ I2:+. Material docu7ent Material document is a document in S5) that contains information on processing of goods movements %receipt! issue! transfer+. hen you create a material document you are actually moving stock (uantity in a certain way as defined by movement type. f movement type ;00 is stated in the material document! material will be transferred from one location to another %transfer process+. f it"s 020! material document will not have a source storage location but will have a destination %receipt process+. f it"s movement type I20! material document will only have source storage location but will not have a destination %issue process+. Goods receipt scenarios 5s said in the previous topic! goods receipt can be done referencing a purchase order!
production order! inbound delivery or without reference for other kinds of receipt processes. e can set up our movement types behavior according to a movement indicator. mentioned in the previous topic that there are several indicators that can be used to specify the referencing document type! and create settings for every one of them in combination with movement type. / ' purchase order ' production order ' ' inbound delivery /lan0 ' no reference 4ther ' not that significant for now Creation of goods receipt #or the goods receipt creation! you can use M:G4 or M/1C transaction.
Mostly people use M8* as it"s designed to have all the options for all of the movement scenarios. Step 1* 1. 3ecute the M:G4 transaction.
2. 7hoose A1 Goods receipt process. 3. 7hoose R"1 Purchase order .
=. 3nter your purchase order number here. 7lick on eecute button.
Step )*
*ur material is transferred to the item overview section. 7hoose posting and document date %recommended t stay as today like it"s default+.
Step +*
Aou can choose on the header level ' 6endor tab to view vendor information. f you click on the line item number! you will see several tabs in the bottom of the screen appear! and you can choose any of those to view some specific information about the item. f you choose Material tab! you will see the general material data.
Step #*
7heck the &uantity information in this tab. Aou can do goods receipt for less than the initial value if you change it. Aou will still see the ordered (uantity in the bottom of the screen.
Step *
The net tab contains information about the destination for the goods.Aou can see the movement type used for receipt process!destination plant and storage location!as well as stock type upon receipt. e can see that this material is going to be posted to (uality inspection %this indicator is set in material master and has been referenced in earlier topics+! so it will not be available for use until confirmed to be in satisfying (uality.There"s also information about goods
recipient and unloading point. f you need to change the storage location! or override the stock posting type! you can do it here.. here..
Step *
Aou can find purchase order related data in this tab. Aou can change the update type for delivery completed indicator %on the purchase order+. t is set to be automatically updated upon posting! but you can change it if your process re(uires a different approach.
5fter review of all of the tabs! and after you have assured that your data is accurate! you can flag the items as *K. 9ow you can post the document.
$pon posting! you will see that material document has been generated.
9ow you can check the material document by using transaction code M/"+. 1. 3ecute the transaction M/"+.
:. 3nter 3nter materi material al docume document nt and and documen documentt year. year. ;. )ress 39 39T3R.
Aou can see some basic information about the document and items.
*n item details! you can see some additional item information.
Aou are done with posting the goods receipt. The process is the same for the production order! as well as for the inbound delivery.
Cancelling the goods receipt 5fter you have posted the goods receipt in M8*! you can check stock levels in MM?3 transaction code.
%@ecute the transaction. #or the re(uested material you will be shown stock levels for plants! storage locations and
stock types %unrestricted! (uality! blocked+.n the &uality inspection column! you can see that our material is posted there : )51 D := )7S.e also have unrestricted stock from some of the previous receipts.
1et"s say that we have made a mistake! we wanted in this special case! our material to be posted directly to unrestricted stock. Therefore! we need to cancel the posting to reverse the process and do it again properly. e can use M8* transaction to cancel a posting. Step 1*
7hoose A"+ Cancellation! R") Material docu7ent! enter the material document that has been created after posting the goods receipt from purchase order. %@ecute .
Step )*
0. 7heck the indicator that item is *K. :. )ost.
Step +*
7heck in MM/% if our goods receipt cancellation is in effect. 5s you can see! the (uality inspection column is empty. t means that we have successfully reversedHcancelled our goods receipt posting.
t also means that we can use the purchase order number in M:G4 to post the goods receipt again! this time with the correct settings. Reservation Reservations are system documents that show a re(uirement for a certain amount of good for production! cost center and any other need. Reservations are important in planningHMR)H5T) as the system reserves needed (uantities before they are posted. f there weren"t reservations in the system! we might encounter a problem that we need to use the goods for production order! but we can not post the goods issue because a sales order has taken the goods just few minutes ago. hen we create the reservation! system doesn"t allow any other document to reserve the goods for other purpose. This also depends on the system settings for MR)H5T). Aou might give reservations a privilege to always take the goods off the stock! even if it is already reserved by the sales order or delivery %not (uite good solution+. ?ut you can also customi/e the system that sales orders don"t check the reservations when performing availability check. Aou can create a reservation for the material for a number of reasons. System can also create the reservation if the MR) settings imply that kind of system behavior. This is done either by the system automatically or by using M/)1 transaction code. Step 1*
0. 3ecute the transaction M?:0. :. #ill in the fields as needed.
Reservation can be made for consumption for a cost center %movement type :20+! production order %movement type :I0+! stock transfer %;00+! sales order! project! network etc.
7hoose the appropriate movement type according to your needs. 7hoose movement type )"1. f you entered movement type +)1 %from the above screen+! you surely got the error message. t means that this movement type cannot be used for creating a reservation. t also means you aren"t following my steps closely. )lease read the tet above it says that we are going to use movement type )"1. Step )*
0. 3nter cost center. :. #ill in the item data. Material number! (uantity! source storage location.
Save the document. Aou will get the reservation number you need to use in the net step.
9ow we have to create a material document for the reservation. e can do that through M8*! but this time let"s learn another transaction. e can use the transaction code M/1A to create a goods issue with reference to material reservation. Step 1*
0. 3ecute the transaction. 2. 7hoose button !o Reservation...
Step )*
0. 3nter reservation number. :. 7onfirm.
Step +*
f you need to change any of the fields! (uantity! storage location etc. do it and save the document.
Aou will get the material document number in the status bar message.
1et"s say that we want our reservation cancelled. *f course! it can be done using M8* transaction! but let"s find out about another transaction. Step 1* 1. 3ecute the M/S! transaction code.
:. 3nter the document number created in the previous step. 3. Git %$!%R .
Step )*
Aou can see that for this purpose system uses movement type )") ' reversal for cost center. That is because we have defined it as a reversal movement type for Mvt.type :20 in *M transaction. Save the transaction data and your previous document is reversed.
9ow you can create material document for the same reservation again! or cancel the reservation itself by using t-code M/)). Step 1*
0. 3ecute the transaction. :. 3nter reservation number. 3. Git %$!%R .
Step )*
7lick the check bo to mark the reservation completed %it means that it isn"t epected to be any more goods postings for this reservation+.
Aou have successfully dismissed the reservation from further processing. 8oods issue 5nother important process in inventory management is goods issue posting. Reservations are considered a specific process on their own! but essentially reservation use a goods issue logic. hen we created a material document for reservations! we have issued goods from warehouse to the cost center! production order etc. 9ow! we can talk about other goods issuing processes. The most important of all is for outbound delivery. The process works as follows.
e have an inbound delivery for our material 024FFFFF incoming from sales department. 5fter the goods are loaded in the truck we should do a goods issue posting for the delivery. e are sent the delivery number 2"")+ created for out material 024FFFFF and we need to process the delivery in inventory management by posting the goods issue.t is done in sales transaction 612:9 mostly used by the MM users in logistics.
:. 3nter the delivery number you need to process. 3. Git %$!%R .
Step )*
0. 3nter the )lant and Storage 1ocation. :. 3nter picked (uantity. f full (uantity has been picked and loaded! enter :2 )7S but if for some reason loaded (uantity is 0: )7S %e.g. truck already full+ you will enter 0: in
)ost 8oods ssue.
Aou are done. f for some reason you need to reverseHcancel goods issue for outbound delivery! you can use the transaction &'"9. Step 1* 1. 3ecute transaction &'"9.
:. 3nter the appropriate delivery number. ;. )ress the eecute button. =. 5s you can see! you can use this function for inbound deliveries too.
Step )*
0. Select the line with the delivery you want to process. :. 7lick the Reverse button. ;. 7onfirm if asked. f you get the message that the goods issue is reversed successfully! you are done. f not! there"s a problem in the processing which has to be identified by superuser or consultant.
4ther types of processes where posting a goods issue is needed
Aou can see the M:G4 transaction for reference to more options for posting a goods issue. 7hoose A" - goods issue ! and in the net drop-down menu you will find several options. To give you a little ChomeworkC! you can eplore the options by yourself! here"s just a short look on them. R") - Material ocu7ent %post goods issue for a material document+ R"2 - 4rder %post goods issue for a production order+ R1" - 4ther %without the reference document+
R"1 - Purchase 4rder %)8 for a purchase order+ R"9 - Reservation %)8 for reservation ' have demonstrated this process by using M/1C
transaction+
!ransfer posting Transferring a (uantity from one storage location to another can be accomplished by either
using M8* transaction or M/1/. will demonstrate the transfer posting process using M?0? as you have already seen M8* in action. Step 1* 1. 3ecute the transaction M/1/.
:. 3nter movement type %;00+! source )lant and Storage location. 3. Git %$!%R .
Step )*
0. 3nter receiving storage location!
:. material number! ;. (uantity! 4. unit of measure.Save the document and the transfer posting will be completed.
The material document number is assigned.
f you need to cancel this posting! you can use either M/S! or M:G4 transaction. JJJJ
7hapter = - )hysical nventory )hysical inventory is a process of determining that the inventory (uantities are eact! or if there are differences in (uantity mentioned physically present and that mentioned in the S5) system. ?asically! after you are finished with physical inventory! your system and physical stock levels must be the same. t is mandatory for legal reasons! and in the most of the times it is conducted once a year. To simplify the process! check the below diagram! these are the most common steps for doing physical inventory %not only in S5) 3R)+.
?esides the legal reasons it is etremely helpful having the correct stock (uantities in the system matching the physical stock. Management can have the correct information on the value of stock materials. 5T) for sales is correct. MR) is done using the correct input parameters %material stock (uantities+. 9ot having the correct stock levels in the system means (uite the opposite. Management has the wrong picture on the financial aspect of the stock in possession. 5T) uses the wrong data %sales might not be able to sell something physically on stock but not eisting in the system! or system might allow selling something that isn"t physically present in the warehouse+. MR) is inaccurate %production planning and other material planning processes might be in a big problem as they are re(uired to calculate the needs for productionHprocurement based on stock levels and several other information+. 9ow you see that having a clear and correct stock levels is of immense importance for a lot of processes in a company. 9ow you will see how physical inventory is done in MM module. Types *f )hysical nventory The following physical inventory procedures can be used in S5) system, 1. Periodic inventory ). Continuous inventory +. Cycle counting #. :nventory sa7pling
)eriodic inventory Most of the time companies use this kind of inventory. n most cases! it is done once a year! and this kind of inventory is called annual physical inventory. That means that material stock is counted once a year. Most of the times at the end of the year or after the season ends %in seasonal industries+.
Continuous inventory
5ll materials are counted at some point in the year! but that can be at any day appointed for. So we can count some material in #ebruary! others in 5pril and so on. 5 single material can be counted on a single date. This type of inventory is mainly utili/ed in warehouse management based warehouses! but it can be done in inventory management too. Cycle counting
This type of inventory allows us to set a period for regular intervals for physical inventory on the material level. So a fast moving and high value material can be counted four times a year while slow moving and low value material can be counted once a year. The indicator for this is set in material master in the )lantHStorage 1ocation 0 6iew! in the field CC phys. :nv. :nd. :nventory sa7pling
*nly a number of randomly selected materials are counted on the balance sheet key date! and if those materials show small enough differences! the other materials can also be considered to have a correct stock levels. 9ot really used that often! as it is essentially an approimation! but in some cases it can be used if material and warehouse structure imply that. e will eplore the most common ' annual inventory option in the following topic. 7reating )hysical nventory
:. 3nter document date and planned date for counting %leave the default for today+. ;. 3nter )lantHStorage locationHSpecial stock indicator. =. 7hoose if you want )osting ?lock %if there is a possibility that someone will do a posting while physical inventory is in progress enable this ' material level+! #ree/e book inventory %current book inventory balance will be recorded in the physical inventory document if this option is enabled+! and if you want to count batches with deletion flag %self eplanatory+. 5. )ress %$!%R .
Step )*
0. 3nter the material number%s+ you want to include in this physical inventory document. :. Save the transaction data.
Aou will be informed of the newly created physical inventory document number.
Step +*
*ptional step. 3ecute the transaction M:") to make changes to the document %if needed+.
Step #*
*ptional step. Aou can see in the item level that our material has not yet been counted.
Step *
*ptional step. *n header level! you can edit the data entered during the creation of the physical inventory document.
Aou are now finished with creating %and changing the physical inventory document+. Aou can display the document with M:"+ transaction code. 3ntering the 7ounting Results n the following topic! will show you how you can enter the counting results in the physical inventory document.The process is fairly easy! but it needs to be accurately eecuted because the error in entering the counting results in poor stock balances later. So! there is high need that the counting process as well as entering process both be accurate. Step 1*
0. 3ecute the transaction code M2=. :. 3nter physical document number and fiscal year. ;. 3nter the counting date if it differs from the one suggested. =. 3nter the variance percentage. This means that if you had 022 pcs on stock before the physical inventory process! and you enter 02E pieces as a counting result! you will be informed with a warning message of the difference between the previous stock (uantity and the counted (uantity.
5. )ress %$!%R .
Step )*
3nter the (uantity that is counted for this material. )ress 39T3R.
Aou will be informed that there is a (uantity difference of :2 pcs! if you haven"t made a mistake while entering the (uantity! you can bypass the warning by pressing 39T3R. f you made a mistake while entering the (uantity! you can correct the entry %0:= pcs in my case+ and hit 39T3R again.
f you get the warning message! and you think that there might be a mistake in the counting process! you can recount the item again and correct the results %check out M:" transaction code! and M:11 if needed+. 5fter have corrected my entry to 0:= pcs! will save the transaction data . Posting the ifferences 5fter you have possibly recounted and reentered (uantity information for problematic
materials! you can post the differences by using the transaction M:". Step 1* 1. 3ecute the transaction M:".
:. 3nter your physical inventory and fiscal year. ;. 3nter posting date. 8oods posting will be done according to this date. Some companies use ;0.0:. n the annual physical inventory as the last day of fiscal year. =. Aou can use the threshold value to enter the maimum allowed differences value in local currency. f you don"t want a limit leave this field blank. n order for this to work! materials need to have the standard or variable price maintained. 5. )ress %$!%R .
Step )*
Aou can see the difference (uantity. This means that we have found = pieces more than it was previously stated in the system.
6alue isn"t shown as our controllingHaccounting department didn"t yet release the prices for this material. This needs to be done in a production environment. Aou cannot post a difference of = pieces with the respective value of 2!22 3ur .
e can see that our posting is done by creating the resulting material document #9""#1" .
Step +*
*ptional. e can check the material document in M/"+. e can see a (uantity of = pcs in the material document. Movement type used for goods receipt from physical inventory difference posting is E20.
This means that 4 pieces are added to the inventory . #or a reference of standard movement types! used for physical inventory! see the below table.
"1 ' 8oods Receipt for unrestricted stock ") ' 8oods ssue for unrestricted stock "+ ' 8oods Receipt for (uality inspection stock "# ' 8oods ssue for (uality inspection stock " ' 8oods Receipt for blocked stock "2 ' 8oods ssue for blocked stock
Aou are done with physical inventory. Aou can now continue with regular warehouse activities. JJJJ
Chapter -Special Stoc0 and Procure7ent !ypes n some cases! logistic processes re(uire special procurement types to be used, 0. 7onsignment :. Subcontracting ;. Stock Transfer $sing Stock Transport *rder =. Third-)arty )rocessing 4. Returnable Transport )ackaging Pipeline =andling #or the purposes of the special procurement types! there are special stock types.
tem categories you can use in purchasing documents.
e will see how theses special procurement types and special stock types are used in the following processes. Consign7ent 7onsignment means that the goods procured are still in vendors ownership! but our
company is keeping the material on stock and is able to sell it directly. 8oods become the property of our company only in the case of consuming. Aou can see two possible consignment scenarios H processes in the diagram below.
n both cases! the base of the process is a goods receipt for vendor consignment goods. 5fter that! we will have consignment goods in our warehouse. f we want to sell the goods from consignment stock! we can do a stock transfer from warehouse to store consignment stock and sell directly from consignment stock. f on the other hand! we choose not to keep the goods as consignment stock! we can do a transfer posting to own stock. 5fterwards! we can send it to our store and sell it as own stock. n the consignment process! we should create a purchase info record for the vendorHmaterial combination! in order to predefine some information later used in the processes. n the system! receiving the consignment stock is done in a few simple steps. R%C%:&:$G C4$S:G$M%$! G44S
Step 1* 7reate a purchase order for the material using M3:09 transaction. 3nter item category B - consignment goods.
Step )*
)ost goods receipt in M:G4 transaction. Aou can see that movement type is 1"1! and the special stock indicator is B - consignment stock %vendor+. 7heck items as *K! and )ost.
5fter you have posted the goods receipt for vendor consignment goods! you can see the stock overview for the material has changed. There are 0:2 pcs now in the 6endor 7onsignment row! as unrestricted.
Step +*
?ranching into two different scenarios from the process diagram. #rom this point! we can create a stock transfer to a store storage location with M8* transaction. e can then sell the goods from the consignment stock %payment obligation is generated at the point of sales+. n the second scenario! we can create a transfer posting to own stock %payment obligation at this point+. 1ater on we can do whatever we like with the goods. 1et"s say we have created a transfer posting to own stock upon goods arrival. e can do that by using M/1/ with special stock type indicator B ! and movement type #11. e can see afterwards that our stock level is :== pcs all on 2220 unrestricted. *ur 0:2 pcs were
transferred from consignment to own stock.
Step #*
e are not creating an invoice using MR* transaction for consignment goods. nstead! liabilities are settled in MRB4 transaction for the appropriate period. 1. 3ecute MRB4 transaction. 2. 3nter Co7pany Code and &endor . 3. %nter the date range %you can use document date! per your preferences+. 4. 7hoose special procurement type you want to settle for. Consign7ent. 5. 7hoose if you want to display available document or settle. 7hoose isplay. . Show only withdrawals not settled or only settled withdrawals! or both.
Aou can also restrict the displayedHsettled records by material. !. %@ecute .
Step *
#irst we will choose to display the available documents for our selection. e can see that the document is $ot settled.
8o back to the initial screen and choose Settle instead of
8o back and choose to display documents! and choose to see Settled withdrawals. 9ow there is a record matching your re(uest. Aou can see that the status is now Settled.
This completes the process for consignment stock. Stock Transport *rder n stock transfer process! goods are procured and supplied within a company. *ne plant orders the goods from another plant %they are called the receiving plantHissuing plant+. e can use a special type of purchase order - the stock transport order. The delivery process can be done either in nventory Management or in the shipping component of logistics eecution.
Step 1*
7reate a purchase order using M%)1$. 1. 7hoose document type (/ - Stoc0 !ransp. 4rder .
:. 7hoose supplying )lant ' 220. ;. 7hoose Receiving )lants )urchasing organi/ation ' 222:. =. )urchasing group and 7ompany 7ode. 4. n the item overview screen! enter material number and (uantity. I. 7hoose the receiving plant and Storage 1ocation.
Save the document.
Step )*
)ost goods issue from the issuing plant using M:G4 transaction. 1. 7hoose A" Goods :ssue . 2. 7hoose R"1 Purchase 4rder .
;. 3nter the storage location from which goods are being issued. =. Save the transaction ' )ost goods ssue.
5fter posting! you will get a material document.
Step +*
;. )ost the 8oods Receipt.
9ow the stock transfer from plant to plant is done.
Aou can see the plant stock now. *bersdorf plant now has 0: pcs of material 024FFFFF.
Stock transport order can also be done using the delivery process. Aou are able to create an outbound delivery based on your purchase order %stock transport order+ in transaction &'1"/.
Then you can post the goods issue using the &'")$ transaction %change outbound delivery+. #inally you can do a )8R %post goods receipt+ for delivery from the receiving plant. Subcontracting n subcontracting! you give components to a vendor from which a product is produced. The product is then ordered by your company through a purchase order. The components re(uired by the vendor to manufacture the ordered product are imported in the purchase order through the ?oM %?ill of Materials+! and they are provided to the vendor. 5fter the contractor has produced the finished product! we can post the goods receipt. Step 1*
0. 7reate a standard purchase order for the material that has a ?*M maintained. 2. 7reate a )* with item category '.
;. 3nter the storage location where the material should be placed upon goods receipt.
Step )*
*n the Material
*n the component screen! enter storage location from which the components should be issued. have created a fake ?oM for our material %we sure can"t create 17< T6 =2C from two components called semiconductors and plastics+! but it"s enough to serve the purpose %you can create a ?oM in CS"1 transaction if you don"t have it for your test material+.
Save the )*.
f your )* needs to be released! release it by using M%)9$. Step +*
n stock monitoring transaction! we will provide the components for vendor. 0. 3ecute the transaction M3:*. :. 3nter 6endor. ;. 3nter )lant. =. 3ecute.
Step #*
Aou will get a list of open item for transfer towards the vendor. Aou can see the components from our purchase order. •
Select the components %click the boes net to components material numbers+.
•
)ost goods issue.
Step *
Aou will be prompted to confirm the items being )8"d. ust confirm the right storage location and (uantity.
Step *
Aou should see this kind of screen confirming that your )8 was done successfully for : items.
Step *
The net screen should look like this.
Aou can see that there is a material document for the components! with movement type 4=0.
Step 2*
Aou can post a goods receipt against a purchase order to receive the finished goods from the vendor.
9ow you have issued the components to subcontractor! received the finished product. Aou could have also created an outbound delivery for the components using M3:* transaction! and then posting goods issue through 612:9. Most of the time this type of processing is done in subcontracting.