QGJ@
1
Ngy Hriàbel` ;669, ag ;; ag j`rzh, p`r` n` eiu`na`a gogltev` ag judgrgs y chjkrgs4 hkdgth y àjketh ag n` ngy. Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a y n` tutgn` lhbtr` n` aeslrejeb`leüb. Gn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus Hri`besjhs @utübhjhs4 Àjketh jubelep`n= Vreblepehs rglthrgs= Gstrultur` agn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a [GOG[GBLE@\ NGIE\N@QE_@\ Ngy Hriàbel` ;669, ag ;; ag j`rzh, p`r` n` eiu`na`a gogltev` ag judgrgs y chjkrgs, luy` ôntej` jhaeoel`leüb sg c` prhauleah phr [g`n Aglrgth-ngy ?/;605, ag 0 ag j`rzh, ag jgaea`s urigbtgs p`r` i`r`btê` ag n` eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gbtrg gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs gb gn gjpngh gjpngh y n` hlup`leüb E Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg chjkrgs y judgrgs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus Hri`besjhs Hri`besjhs @utübhjhs @utübhjhs
HKDGQE_H\ @b`nez`r n` bhrj`tev` bhrj`tev` gst`t`n gb j`tgre` j`tgre` ag eiu`na`a Lhbhlgr gn prejgr Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg chjkrgs y judgrgs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus Hri`besjhs Hri`besjhs @utübhjhs @utübhjhs
Qgj` 1
0. NGU H[IÀBEL@ ;669, AG ;; AG J@[TH, V@[@ N@ EIW@NA@A GOGLQE_@ AG JWDG[G\ U CHJK[G\4 HKDGQH U ÀJKEQH AG N@ NGU. GN V[EBLEVEH AG EIW@NA@A U N@ QWQGN@ LHBQ[@ N@ AE\L[EJEB@LEÜB 0.0 Ngy Hriàbel` ;669, ag ;; ag j`rzh, p`r` n` eiu`na`a gogltev` ag judgrgs y chjkrgs4 hkdgth y àjketh ag n` ngy @. Gstrultur` N` Ngy Hriàbel` ;669, ag ;; ag j`rzh, p`r` n` eiu`na`a gogltev` ag judgrgs y chjkrgs lhbst` ag 93 `rtêlunhs aestrekueahs gb 3 Qêtunhs. @agjàs lugbt` lhb trgebt` y ub` Aesphselehbgs @aelehb`ngs, ahlg Aesphselehbgs Qr`bsethre`s, ub` Aesphseleüb Agrhi`thre` y hlch Aesphselehbgs Oeb`ngs. \u gstrultur` gs n` seiuegbtg4
NGU H[IÀBEL@ V@[@ N@ EIW@NA@A GOGLQE_@ AG JWDG[G\ U CHJK[G\ QÊQWNH V[GNEJEB@[. Hkdgth y àjketh ag n` Ngy QÊQWNH E. Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a y n` tutgn` lhbtr` n` aeslrejeb`leüb QÊQWNH EE. Vhnêtel`s pôknel`s p`r` n` eiu`na`a L@VÊQWNH E. Vreblepehs igbgr`ngs L@VÊQWNH EE. @lleüb `ajebestr`tev` p`r` n` eiu`na`a L@VÊQWNH EEE. Eiu`na`a y jgaehs ag lhjubel`leüb QÊQWNH E_. Gn agrglch `n tr`k`dh gb eiu`na`a ag hphrtubea`ags L@VÊQWNH E. Eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gb gn àjketh n`khr`n L@VÊQWNH EE. Eiu`na`a y lhblene`leüb L@VÊQWNH EEE. Nhs pn`bgs ag eiu`na`a ag n`s gjprgs`s y htr`s jgaea`s ag prhjhleüb ag n` eiu`na`a L@VÊQWNH E_. Aestebtevh gjprgs`re`n gb j`tgre` ag eiu`na`a QÊQWNH _. Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a gb gn gjpngh pôknelh L@VÊQWNH E. Lretgrehs ag `ltu`leüb ag n`s @ajebestr`lehbgs pôknel`s L@VÊQWNH EE. Gn preblepeh ag prgsgble` gquenekr`a` gb n` @ajebestr`leüb Igbgr`n agn Gst`ah y gb nhs hri`besjhs pôknelhs veblun`ahs h agpgbaegbtgs ag gnn` L@VÊQWNH EEE. Jgaea`s ag Eiu`na`a gb gn gjpngh p`r` n` @ajebestr`leüb Igbgr`n agn Gst`ah y p`r` nhs hri`besjhs pôknelhs veblun`ahs h agpgbaegbtgs ag gnn` L@VÊQWNH E_. Ougrz`s @rj`a`s L@VÊQWNH _. Ougrz`s y Lugrphs ag \giurea`a agn Gst`ah Gst `ah
0;3
gaethre`n } lgp
Ngy Hri`bel` ;669 QÊQWNH _E. Eiu`na`a ag tr`th gb gn `llgsh ` kegbgs y sgrvelehs y su sujebestrh QÊQWNH _EE. N` eiu`na`a gb n` rgsphbs`kenea`a shle`n ag n`s gjprgs`s QÊQWNH _EEE. Aesphselehbgs hri`bez`tev`s Aesphselehbgs @aelehb`ngs (<0) Aesphselehbgs Qr`bsethre`s (0;) Aesphseleüb Agrhi`thre` Ôbel` Aesphselehbgs Oeb`ngs (3)
K. Hkdgth y àjketh ag n` Ngy `. Hkdgth ag n` Ngy N`s judgrgs y nhs chjkrgs shb eiu`ngs gb aeibea`a cuj`b`, g eiu`ngs gb agrglchs y agkgrgs. Gst` Ngy tegbg phr hkdgth c`lgr gogltevh gn agrglch ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs, gb p`rtelun`r jgae`btg n` gnejeb`leüb ag n` aeslrejeb`leüb ag n` judgr, sg` lu`n ougrg su lerlubst`ble` h lhbaeleüb, gb lu`ngsquegr` ag nhs àjkeths ag n` vea` y, sebiun`rjgbtg, gb n`s gsogr`s phnêtel`, leven, n`khr`n, glhbüjel`, shle`n y luntur`n p`r`, gb gn ags`rrhnnh ag nhs `rtêlunhs 5.; y 01 ag n` Lhbstetuleüb, `nl`bz`r ub` shlega`a jàs agjhlràtel`, jàs dust` y jàs shnea`re`. @ gsths goglths, n` Ngy gst`knglg preblepehs ag `ltu`leüb ag nhs Vhagrgs Vôknelhs, rgiun` agrglchs y agkgrgs ag n`s pgrshb`s oêsel`s y durêael`s, t`bth pôknel`s lhjh prev`a`s, y prgvå jgaea`s agsteb`a`s ` gnejeb`r y lhrrgier gb nhs sglthrgs pôknelh y prev`ah, tha` ohrj` ag aeslrejeb`leüb phr r`züb ag sgxh. k. Àjketh ag `pnel`leüb Qha`s n`s pgrshb`s ihz`ràb ag nhs agrglchs agrev`ahs agn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag n` prhcekeleüb ag aeslrejeb`leüb phr r`züb ag sgxh. N`s hknei`lehbgs gst`knglea`s gb gst` Ngy sgràb ag `pnel`leüb ` tha` pgrshb`, oêsel` h durêael`, qug sg gblugbtrg h `ltôg gb tgrrethreh gsp`ðhn, lu`nquegr` qug ougsg su b`lehb`nea`a, ahjeleneh h rgseagble`.
0.; Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a y n` tutgn` lhbtr` n` aeslrejeb`leüb @. Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th gbtrg judgrgs judgrgs y chjkrgs Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs suphbg n` `usgble` ag tha` aeslrejeb`leüb, aerglt` h ebaerglt`, phr r`züb ag sgxh, y, gspgle`njgbtg, n`s agrev`a`s ag n` j`tgrbea`a, n` `subleüb ag hknei`lehbgs o`jene`rgs y gn gst`ah leven.
gaethre`n } lgp
0;5
Qgj` 1
K. Ebtgir`leüb agn preblepeh preblepeh ag eiu`na`a gb n` ebtgrprgt`leüb y `pnel`leüb ag n`s bhrj`s N` eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs gs ub preblepeh ebohrj`ahr agn hragb`jegbth durêaelh y, lhjh t`n, sg ebtgir`rà y hksgrv`rà gb n` ebtgrprgt`leüb y `pnel`leüb ag n`s bhrj`s durêael`s.
L. Eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gb gn `llgsh `n gjpngh, gb n` ohrj`leüb y gb n` prhjhleüb prhogsehb`ngs, y gb n`s lhbaelehbgs ag tr`k`dh
Qhjg bht` Bh lhbstetuerà aeslrejeb`leüb gb gn `llgsh `n gjpngh, eblnuea` n` ohrj`leüb bglgs`re`, ub` aeogrgble` ag tr`th k`s`a` gb ub` l`r`ltgrêstel` rgn`lehb`a` lhb gn sgxh lu`bah, agkeah ` n` b`tur`ngz` ag n`s `ltevea`ags prhogsehb`ngs lhblrgt`s h `n lhbtgxth gb gn qug sg nngvgb ` l`kh, aelc` l`r`ltgrêstel` lhbstetuy` ub rgqueseth prhogsehb`n gsgble`n y agtgrjeb`btg, segjprg y lu`bah gn hkdgtevh sg` ngiêtejh y gn rgqueseth prhphrlehb`ah.
0<6
Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs, `pnel`kng gb gn àjketh agn gjpngh prev`ah y gb gn agn gjpngh pôknelh, sg i`r`btez`rà, gb nhs tårjebhs prgvesths gb n` bhrj`tev` `pnel` kng, gb gn `llgsh `n gjpngh, eblnush `n tr`k`dh phr lugbt` prhpe`, gb n` ohrj`leüb prhogsehb`n, gb n` prhjhleüb prhogsehb`n, gb n`s lhbaelehbgs ag tr`k`dh, eblnuea`s n`s rgtrekutev`s y n`s ag agspeah, y gb n` `oene`leüb y p`rtelep`leüb gb n`s hri`bez`lehbgs sebael`ngs y gjprgs`re`ngs, h gb lu`nquegr hri`bez`leüb luyhs jegjkrhs gdgrz`b ub` prhogseüb lhblrgt`, eblnuea`s n`s prgst`lehbgs lhblgaea`s phr n`s jesj`s.
A. Aeslrejeb`leüb aerglt` g ebaerglt` \g lhbseagr` aeslrejeb`leüb aerglt` phr r`züb ag sgxh n` setu`leüb gb qug sg gblugbtr` ub` pgrshb` qug sg`, c`y` seah h puaegr` sgr tr`t`a`, gb `tgbleüb ` su sgxh, ag j`bgr` jgbhs o`vhr`kng qug htr` gb setu`leüb lhjp`r` kng. \g lhbseagr` aeslrejeb`leüb ebaerglt` phr r`züb ag sgxh n` setu`leüb gb qug ub` aesphseleüb, lretgreh h pràltel` `p`rgbtgjgbtg bgutrhs phbg ` pgrshb`s ag ub sgxh gb agsvgbt`d` p`rtelun`r lhb rgspglth ` pgrshb`s agn htrh, s`nvh qug aelc` aesphseleüb, lretgreh h pràltel` puga`b dusteoe dust eoel`r l`rsg sg hkdg hkdgtev` tev`jgb jgbtg tg gb `tgb `tgbleü leübb ` ub` oeb oeb`nea `nea`a `a ngiêtej` y qug nhs jgaehs p`r` `nl`bz`r aelc` oeb`nea`a sg`b bglgs`rehs y `aglu`ahs.
gaethre`n } lgp
Ngy Hri`bel` ;669
Gb lu`nquegr l`sh, sg lhbseagr` aeslrejeb`thre` tha` hragb ag aeslrejeb`r, aerglt` h ebaerglt`jgbtg, phr r`züb ag sgxh.
G. @lhsh sgxu`n y `lhsh phr r`züb ag sgxh \eb pgrdueleh ag nh gst`kngleah gb gn Lüaeih Vgb`n, ` nhs goglths ag gst` Ngy lhbstetuyg `lhsh sgxu`n lu`nquegr lhjphrt`jegbth, vgrk`n h oêselh, ag b`tur`ngz` sgxu`n qug tgbi` gn prhpüseth h prhauzl` gn goglth ag `tgbt`r lhbtr` n` aeibea`a ag ub` pgrshb`, gb p`rtelun`r lu`bah sg lrg` ub gbthrbh ebtejea`threh, agir`a`btg u hogbsevh. Lhbstetuyg `lhsh phr r`züb ag sgxh lu`nquegr lhjphrt`jegbth rg`nez`ah gb oubleüb agn sgxh ag ub` pgrshb`, lhb gn prhpüseth h gn goglth ag `tgbt`r lhbtr` su aeibea`a y ag lrg`r ub gbthrbh ebtejea`threh, agir`a`btg u hogbsevh. Gn lhbaelehb`jegbth ag ub agrglch h ag ub` gxpglt`tev` ag agrglch ` n` `lgpt`leüb ag ub` setu`leüb lhbstetutev` ag `lhsh sgxu`n h ag `lhsh phr r`züb ag sgxh sg lhbseagr`rà t`jkeåb `lth ag aeslrejeb`leüb phr r`züb ag sgxh.
[glugrag \g lhbseagr`ràb gb thah l`sh aeslrejeb`threhs gn `lhsh sgxu`n y gn `lhsh phr r`züb ag sgxh.
O. Aeslrejeb`leüb phr gjk`r`zh h j`tgrbea`a Lhbstetuyg aeslrejeb`leüb aerglt` phr r`züb ag sgxh thah tr`th agso`vhr`kng ` n`s judgrgs rgn`lehb`ah lhb gn gjk`r`zh h n` j`tgrbea`a.
I. Ebagjbea`a orgbtg ` rgprgs`ne`s Q`jkeåb sg lhbseagr`rà aeslrejeb`leüb phr r`züb ag sgxh lu`nquegr tr`th `avgrsh h goglth bgi`tevh qug sg prhauzl` gb ub` pgrshb` lhjh lhbsglugble` ag n` prgsgbt`leüb phr su p`rtg ag qugd`, rgln`j`leüb, agbuble`, agj`ba` h rglursh, ag lu`nquegr teph, agsteb`ahs ` ejpgaer su aeslrejeb`leüb y ` gxeier gn lujpnejegbth gogltevh agn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs.
C. Lhbsglugble`s durêael`s ag n`s lhbault`s aeslrejeb`thre`s Nhs `lths y n`s lnàusun`s ag nhs bgihlehs durêaelhs qug lhbstetuy`b h l`usgb aeslrejeb`leüb phr r`züb ag sgxh gaethre`n } lgp
0<0
Qgj` 1
sg lhbseagr`ràb bunhs y seb goglth, y a`ràb nui`r ` rgsphbs`kenea`a ` tr`vås ag ub sestgj` ag rgp`r`lehbgs h ebagjbez`lehbgs qug sg`b rg`ngs, gogltev`s y prhphrlehb`a`s `n pgrdueleh suoreah, `sê lhjh, gb su l`sh, ` tr`vås ag ub sestgj` goel`z y aesu`shreh ag s`blehbgs qug prgvgbi` n` rg`nez`leüb ag lhbault`s aeslrejeb`thre`s.
E. @llehbgs phsetev`s Lhb gn oeb ag c`lgr gogltevh gn agrglch lhbstetulehb`n ag n` eiu`na`a, nhs Vhagrgs Vôknelhs `ahpt`ràb jgaea`s gspglêoel`s gb o`vhr ag n`s judgrgs p`r` lhrrgier setu`lehbgs p`tgbtgs ag agseiu`na`a ag cglch rgspglth ag nhs chjkrgs. Q`ngs jgaea`s, qug sgràb `pnel`kngs gb t`bth suksest`b aelc`s setu`lehbgs, c`kràb ag sgr r`zhb`kngs y prhphrlehb`a`s gb rgn`leüb lhb gn hkdgtevh pgrsgiueah gb l`a` l`sh. Q`jkeåb n`s pgrshb`s oêsel`s y durêael`s prev`a`s pharàb `ahpt`r gstg teph ag jgaea`s gb nhs tårjebhs gst`kngleahs gb n` prgsgbtg Ngy.
D. Qutgn` duaele`n gogltev` Lu`nquegr pgrshb` pharà rgl`k`r ag nhs trekub`ngs n` tutgn` agn agrglch ` n` eiu`na`a gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs, ag `lugrah lhb nh gst`kngleah gb gn `rtêlunh 7<.; ag n` Lhbstetuleüb, eblnush tr`s n` tgrjeb`leüb ag n` rgn`leüb gb n` qug supugst`jgbtg sg c` prhauleah n` aeslrejeb`leüb. N` l`p`lea`a y ngietej`leüb p`r` ebtgrvgber gb nhs prhlgshs levengs, shle`ngs y lhbtgblehsh-`ajebestr`tevhs qug vgrsgb shkrg n` agogbs` ag gstg agrglch lhrrgsphbagb ` n`s pgrshb`s oêsel`s y durêael`s lhb ebtgrås ngiêtejh, agtgrjeb`a`s gb n`s Ngygs rgiun`ahr`s ag gsths prhlgshs. N` pgrshb` `lhs`a` sgrà n` ôbel` ngietej`a` gb nhs neteiehs shkrg `lhsh sgxu`n y `lhsh phr r`züb ag sgxh.
M. Vrugk` Ag `lugrah lhb n`s Ngygs prhlgs`ngs, gb `qugnnhs prhlgaejegbths gb nhs qug n`s `ngi`lehbgs ag n` p`rtg `lthr` sg ouba`jgbtgb gb `ltu`lehbgs aeslrejeb`thre`s, phr r`züb ag sgxh, lhrrgsphbagrà ` n` pgrshb` agj`ba`a` prhk`r n` `usgble` ag aeslrejeb`leüb gb n`s jgaea`s `ahpt`a`s y su prhphrlehb`nea`a. @ nhs goglths ag nh aespugsth gb gn pàrr`oh `btgrehr, gn üri`bh duaele`n, ` ebst`ble` ag p`rtg, pharà rgl`k`r, se nh gstej`sg ôten y pgrtebgbtg, ebohrjg h aelt`jgb ag nhs hri`besjhs pôknelhs lhjpgtgbtgs. Nh gst`kngleah gb gn `p`rt`ah `btgrehr bh sgrà ag `pnel`leüb ` nhs prhlgshs pgb`ngs.
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gaethre`n } lgp
Ngy Hri`bel` ;669
;. GN VN@B AG EIW@NA@A GBQ[G JWDG[G\ U CHJK[G\ AGN @UWBQ@JEGBQH AG J@A[EA U \W\ H[I@BE\JH\ @WQÜBHJH\4 ÀJKEQH JWBELEV@N= V[EBLEVEH\ [GLQH[G\= G\Q[WLQW[@ AGN VN@B AG EIW@NA@A ;.0 Ebtrhaulleüb Gn ags`rrhnnh ag n`s Vhnêtel`s ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs tegbg ub` b`rr`tev` ag lhjprhjeshs lhngltevhs qug, lhjh v`shs lhjubel`btgs, v`b prhjhvegbah bhrj`tev`s y ngiesn`lehbgs p`r` o`vhrglgr n` eiu`na`a agsag nhs àjkeths pôknelhs c`st` nhs gbthrbhs prev`ahs, lhjh shb n`s rgn`lehbgs n`khr`ngs. N` eiu`na`a gs ub` bglgsea`a qug bh sünh `oglt` ` n`s judgrgs y ` n` shlega`a. N`s ebstetulehbgs bh pugagb quga`r `n j`rigb. Vhr gnnh, gn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area, y sus Hri`besjhs @utübhjhs, lhb ub` pn`btenn`0 qug lhjprgbag ub` phkn`leüb n`khr`n supgrehr ` n` phkn`leüb rgseagbtg ag julchs pugknhs y venn`s, bh phaê` sgiuer `n j`rigb agn gdgrleleh ag ebele`tev`s qug prhoubaelgb gb n` setu`leüb ag eiu`na`a qug sg vevg n` gstrultur` jubelep`n, t`bth p`r` n` eblhrphr`leüb ag n` eiu`na`a gb gn tr`k`dh lhjh gb n` phseleüb ag n` eiu`na`a gb gn ags`rrhnnh prhogsehb`n. N` rg`nez`leüb ag gstg E Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg Judgrgs y Chjkrgs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus HH.@@. gs lhbsglugble` ag4 - N` rgsphbs`kenea`a rgsphbs`kenea`a y lhjprhjesh agn lhbsesthreh lhb n` eiu`na`a gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs. - N` gxeigble` sebael`n p`r` su ejpngjgbt`leüb gb bugstrh @yubt`jegbth. - Wb lhbtgxth ngiesn`tevh qug ejpgng ` n` gn`khr`leüb ag pn`bgs ag eiu`na`a gb n`s gjprgs`s y n` @ajebestr`leüb
;.; Àjketh Jubelep`n Agsag ;665, y gb lujpnejegbth ag n` bhrj`tev` `btgrehr y nhs lhjprhjeshs oerj`ahs phr gn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area, sg c`b eah prhjhvegbah n` tr`bsvgrs`nea`a ag iåbgrh4 - Gn EE Vn`b jubelep`n p`r` n` eiu`na`a ag hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs ag J`area, lhb veigble` ;66?-;665, lhbtgbê` gn hkdgtevh ag „Ebstetulehb`nez`r n` pgrspgltev` ag iåbgrh gb tha`s n`s àrg`s jubelep`ngs‚. - N` Gstr`tgie` p`r` n` Eiu`na`a ag hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs ag n` leua`a ag J`area, lhb veigble` ;600-;607 sg j`btgbê` gb n` jesj` nêbg`, lhb gn hkdgtevh ag „Eblhrphr`r gn gbohqug ebtgir`ah ag iåbgrh gb n` igsteüb jubelep`n‚ gb n` ahkng vgrtegbtg sgð`n`a` gb n` L`rt` Gurhpg` p`r` n` Eiu`na`a ag judgrgs y chjkrgs (lhjh igsthr ag kegbgs y sgrvelehs y lhjh gjpng`ahr).
gaethre`n } lgp
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Qgj` 1
Gs gst` l`r`ltgrêstel` ag ag „gjpng`ahr‚ „gjpng`ahr‚ n` qug gxeig n` p`rtelep`leüb p`rtelep`leüb y gn gn `lugrah ag n`s hri`bez`lehbgs sebael`ngs gb gn ejpunsh, gn`khr`leüb, gdgluleüb y gv`nu`leüb ag ub Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a ag gst`s l`r`ltgrêstel`s. N`s hri`bez`lehbgs sebael`ngs ngietej`a`s p`r` n` bgihle`leüb lhngltev` c`b prhjhveah gstg E Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gb gn @lugrah shkrg lhbaelehbgs ag tr`k`dh lhjubgs `n pgrshb`n oublehb`reh y n`khr`n agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus HH.@@ (pgrêhah ;60;-;607), seb qug nngi`r` ` lhbshnea`rsg gn prhlgsh ag gn`khr`leüb. Vhr gnnh, gb gn @lugrah shkrg `ltu`lehbgs gb j`tgre` ag [glurshs Cuj`bhs g ejpunsh ` n` bgihle`leüb lhngltev` gb gn sgbh ag n` Jgs` Igbgr`n ag Bgihle`leüb ag nhs gjpng`ahs pôknelhs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus HH.@@, oerj`ah gn ;< ag aelegjkrg ag ;607, sg eblnuyg ub pubth (0.3) qug j`ba`t`k` ` n`s p`rtgs ` ebele`r gn prhlgsh ag bgihle`leüb agn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a `btgs ag n` sgiuba` queblgb` ag ;60?. - Gn Vn`b ag Ihkegrbh ;607-;605, qug eblnuyg n` „Gn`khr`leüb agn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gb gn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area‚ (Nêbg` 14 Wb ihkegrbh agjhlràtelh, tr`bsp`rgbtg y goel`z. Hkdgtevh4 „Ebtgir`r n` pgrspgltev` ag iåbgrh gb n` phnêtel` y gb n` `lleüb jubelep`n‚4 Gstr`tgie`4 –Eblhrphr`leüb ag n` tr`bsvgrs`nea`a ag iåbgrh gb aesphselehbgs bhrj`tev`s, prgsupugsths y gb pn`bgs sglthre`ngs y tr`bsvgrs`ngs―).
;.< Vreblepehs rglthrgs Gn E Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus Hri`besjhs @utübhjhs tegbg su k`sg gb lu`trh Vreblepehs [glthrgs4 - Ihkgrb`bz`. - Qr`bsp`rgble`. - V`rtelep`leüb. - Gbohqug ag Iåbgrh.
@. Ihkgrb`bz` [gprgsgbt`a` gb gn lhjprhjesh ag n` Lhrphr`leüb Jubelep`n lhb n` Eiu`na`a, lhb gn kugb ihkegrbh y lhb n` l`nea`a ag n`s phnêtel`s pôknel`s. Lhb n` pugst` gb j`rlc` ag gstg E Vn`b, gsg lhjprhjesh `nl`bz` ` n`s tr`k`d`ahr`s y tr`k`d`ahrgs jubelep`ngs, ` sus lhbaelehbgs ag tr`k`dh y ` su rgn`leüb lhb n` leua`a`bê`, lhb ub` ebtgrvgbleüb pôknel` gquet`tev`, rgsphbs` kng y goel`z.
K. Qr`bsp`rgble` Gb lhcgrgble` lhb gn `rtêlunh 19 ag n` Ngy Hriàbel` ;669, p`r` n` eiu`na`a gogltev` ag judgrgs y chjkrgs, lu`nquegr pgrshb` jegjkrh ag n` pn`btenn` jubelep`n tgbarà `llgsh ` n` ebohrj`leüb shkrg n` ejpngjgbt`leüb ag n`s jgaea`s ag gstg E Vn`b y sus lhstgs.
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gaethre`n } lgp
Ngy Hri`bel` ;669
L. V`rtelep`leüb Lhb n` jer`a` pugst` gb gn pgrshb`n jubelep`n, gb su lhhpgr`leüb ejprgslebaekng p`r` `rtelun`r prhlgshs ag eiu`na`a gbtrg n` pn`btenn`, ` tr`vås ag nhs sebael`ths ag `lugrah lhb nh aespugsth gb n` Aesphseleüb @aelehb`n Qgrlgr` agn @lugrah shkrg lhbaelehbgs ag tr`k`dh lhjubgs p`r` gn pgrshb`n n`khr`n y oublehb`reh agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus HH.@@. qug c`b lhbtrekueah agsag n` Jgs` ag Eiu`na`a ` n` gn`khr`leüb ag gstg E Vn`b, y sgiueràb lhn`khr`bah p`r` n` ejpngjgbt`leüb ag n`s jgaea`s lhbtgbea`s gb gstg Vn`b.
A. Gbohqug ag Iåbgrh Gn `bàneses ag iåbgrh ejprgib` gn Vn`b y n` eiu`na`a gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs y gs gn jhthr ag n`s jgaea`s qug gb ån sg rglhigb.
;.1 Gstrultur` agn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a Gb lhbshb`ble` lhb nhs lretgrehs ag `bàneses agn ae`ibüstelh ag setu`leüb y qug sg ags`rrhnn`b gb gn Ebohrjg-Ae`ibüstelh, gn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a sg gstrultur` ` tr`vås ag ahs nêbg`s ag ebtgrvgbleüb y lu`trh gdgs ag `ltu`leüb4
NÊBG@ 04 N@ LWNQW[@ H[I@BET@LEHB@N Gdg 04 N` Ebstetuleü Ebstetuleüb b Gdg ;4 N` Lhjubel`leü Lhjubel`leüb b
NÊBG@ ;4 N@ H[I@BET@LEÜB Gdg <4 Gn Vgrshb Vgrshb`n `n Gdg 14 N`s Vgrshb Vgrshb`s `s
Gn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg Judgrgs y Chjkrgs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus HH.@@. prgsgbt` ub` sgreg ag hkdgtevhs ` lujpner, qug sg eràb `nl`bz`bah lhb gn ags`rrhnnh y gdgluleüb ag n`s ?0 jgaea`s qug nh lhblrgt`b. Nhs hkdgtevhs y n`s jgaea`s shb lu`bteoel`kngs y lhbst`t` kngs. Vhr t`bth, sg `lhjp`ð`b ag ub lhbdubth ag ebael`ahrgs ag prhlgsh, rgsunt`ah g ejp`lth, qug pgrjeteràb vgreoel`r gn lujpnejegbth agn Vn`b. @agjàs, n`s jgaea`s sg prgsgbt`b l`ngba`rez`a`s gb gn tegjph ag veigble` agn Vn`b g eblnuygb nhs àjkeths rgsphbs`kngs g ejpnel`ahs gb su ejpngjgbt`leüb. N` gdgluleüb agn Vn`b lhbt`rà lhb gn `phyh y `sgshr`jegbth agn gqueph tålbelh ag n` AIEJC gb n`s jgaea`s hphrtub`s.
gaethre`n } lgp
0<7
NGU H[IÀBEL@ ;669, AG ;; AG J@[TH, V@[@ N@ EIW@NA@A GOGLQE_@ AG JWDG[G\ U CHJK[G\4 HKDGQH U ÀJKEQH AG N@ NGU. GN V[EBLEVEH AG EIW@NA@A U N@ QWQGN@ LHBQ[@ N@ AE\L[EJEB@LEÜB Ngy Hriàbel` ;669, ag ;; ag j`rzh, p`r` n` eiu`na`a gogltev` ag judgrgs y chjkrgs4 hkdgth y àjketh ag n` ngy Gstrultur` Hkdgth y àjketh ag n` Ngy Hkdgth ag n` Ngy Àjketh ag `pnel`leüb
G\PWGJ@
gaethre`n } lgp
1
Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a y n` tutgn` lhbtr` n` aeslrejeb`leüb Gn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a ag tr`th gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs Ebtgir`leüb agn preblepeh ag eiu`na`a gb n` ebtgrprgt`leüb y `pnel`leüb ag n`s bhrj`s Eiu`na`a ag tr`th y ag hphrtubea`ags gb gn `llgsh `n gjpngh, gb n` ohrj`leüb y gb n` prhjhleüb prhogsehb`ngs, y gb n`s lhbaelehbgs ag tr`k`dh Aeslrejeb`leüb aerglt` g ebaerglt` @lhsh sgxu`n y `lhsh phr r`züb ag sgxh Aeslrejeb`leüb phr gjk`r`zh h j`tgrbea`a Ebagjbea`a orgbtg ` rgprgs`ne`s Lhbsglugble`s durêael`s ag n`s lhbault`s aeslrejeb`thre`s @llehbgs phsetev`s Qutgn` duaele`n gogltev` Vrugk`
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Gsqugj` 1
GN VN@B AG EIW@NA@A GBQ[G JWDG[G\ U CHJK[G\ AGN @UWBQ@JEGBQH AG J@A[EA U \W\ H[I@BE\JH\ @WQÜBHJH\4 ÀJKEQH JWBELEV@N= V[EBLEVEH\ [GLQH[G\= G\Q[WLQW[@ AGN VN@B AG EIW@NA@A Ebtrhaulleüb N` rg`nez`leüb ag gstg E Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a gbtrg Judgrgs y Chjkrgs agn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area y sus HH.@@. gs lhbsglugble` ag4 - N` rgsphbs`kenea`a y lhjprhjesh agn lhbsesthreh lhb n` eiu`na`a gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs. - N` gxeigble` sebael`n p`r` su ejpngjgbt`leüb gb bugstrh @yubt`jegbth. - Wb lhbtgxth ngiesn`tevh ngiesn`tevh qug ejpgng ` n` gn`khr`leüb ag pn`bgs ag eiu`na`a eiu`na`a gb n`s gjprgs`s y n` @ajebestr`leüb Àjketh Jubelep`n Agsag ;665, y gb lujpnejegbth ag n` bhrj`tev` `btgrehr y nhs lhjprhjeshs oerj`ahs phr gn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area, sg c`b eah prhjhvegbah n` tr`bsvgrs`nea`a ag iåbgrh4 - Gn EE Vn`b Vn`b jubelep`n p`r` n` eiu`na`a ag hphrtubea`ags hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs ag J`area, lhb veigble` ;66?-;665 - N` Gstr`tgie` p`r` n` Eiu`na`a Eiu`na`a ag hphrtubea`ags hphrtubea`ags gbtrg judgrgs y chjkrgs chjkrgs ag n` leua`a ag J`area, lhb veigble` ;600-;607 - Gn Vn`b ag Ihkegrbh Ihkegrbh ;607-;605, qug eblnuyg n` „Gn`khr`leüb agn Vn`b ag ag Eiu`na`a gb gn @yubt`jegbth ag J`area‚ Vreblepehs rglthrgs Ihkgrb`bz` Qr`bsp`rgble` V`rtelep`leüb Gbohqug ag Iåbgrh Gstrultur` agn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a Gb lhbshb`ble` lhb nhs lretgrehs ag `bàneses agn ae`ibüstelh ag setu`leüb y qug sg ags`rrhnn`b gb gn Ebohrjg-Ae`ibüstelh, gn Vn`b ag Eiu`na`a sg gstrultur` ` tr`vås ag ahs nêbg`s ag ebtgrvgbleüb y lu`trh gdgs ag `ltu`leüb
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gaethre`n } lgp