Virginia Evans
For the revised Cambridge ESOl CAE Examination
Teacher's Book ,~ Express Publishing
Published by ElCpress Publishing liberty House, New Greenham Park, Newbury, Berkshire RG 19 6HW Tel: (0044) 1635 817 363 - Fax: (0044) 1635 8 17 463 e-mail : tnqulrles@expresspubl tsh lng .co. uk http://www.elCpresspubllshl ng .co.uk
o Virginia Evans, 2009 Design and Illustration C> Express Publishing, 2009 First published 2009 Made In EU
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted In any form, or by any means, electronic, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. This book Is not meanl lO be changed In any way. ISBN 978· 1·84679-756·9
Acknowledgements We would like 10 thank alllhe staff at Express Publishing who have contributed their skills to the production of this book. Thanks for th81r support and patience ate due In particular to: A1bert West (Editor in Chief): Antony O'Naill and AIel( Baker (senior editOfS): Stacey Hill and Sally White (edrtorial assistants); Eric Parson (senior production controller); the Express Publishing design team; Tlm Asher (recording producer): and Ann Morris, Usa Travis, William Sharp and Eddle Gibson, We would also like to thank those institutions and teachers who piloted the manuSCllpt, and whose comments and feedback were invaluable in the completion of this book. The authors and publishers also wish to thank the following for their kind permission 10 adapt copyright material: p 7 from " Notes From a Big Counlry' , from 'Notes From a Big Country' by Bill Bryson, Black Swan 1999, C Bill Bryson 1998; p 9 from 'My job: Andrew Baker, sports fealure writer, Dally Telegraph ', Press Gazette Journalfsm Today, 17 September 2007, C 2007·2006 Wilmlngton Business Information: pp 10·11 from ' Unfrozen Tundra', Time Magazine 25 September 2006, Cl Tlme Inc.: p 12 from 'Step back in time', The Guardian 24 September 2008, Cl Guardian News and Media Umited 2009; p 15 from 'Malcolm Tait's top 10 wildlife books', The Guardian 16 August 2006, C Guardian News and Media Umited 2009; p 19 from 'Gift of the Nile', Focus November 1995; p 27 tram review of Wall E, Empire online , Cl Bauer Consumer Media; p 28 from ' No Courses at RADA are easy', y.'
[email protected]; p 29 from 'A Utop ian fantasy', The GuardIan 3 June 2002, C Guardian News and Media Limited 2009: pp 30-31 from 'Here be dragons', The Independent 30 October 2004, C Independent News and Media Limited 2009; p 32 from 'Who's that girl?', The Independent 16 Seplember 2006, Cl lndependenl News and Media Umited 2009; pp 35-36 from '00 try this al home', The GuardIan 13 October 2006, Cl Guardian News and Media Umited 2009: p 39 from ' Dyslexia "can be identified alone day old"', Guardian Weekly 26 August 1999, Cl copyright Sarah Boseley, The Guardian Weekly; p 40 from 'Antarctic tourism and non-governmental expeditions: a summary of currenl activities' 10 May 2000, C Commonwealth of Australia. Used by kind permission: p 41 from 'Aexible answer to life In space', Focus November 2000; p 49 from 'What the teachers taught the judges' , The Guardian 13 October 2006, Cl Guardian News and Media Limited 2009; p 50 from 'Going 10 work on general English' , Guardian Weekly/BBC world service 20 June 1999 Cl John Hughes, The Guardian Weekly ; pp 52-53 from 'Voluntary service underseas', Wanderlust February 2007, C Wanderlust; p 54 from 'Alpha couple', Vogue Ailstralia September 2008, Cl 2006 New Magazines Ply Ud; P 57 from 'Daring to be different', The Guardian 16 April 2005, Cl Guardian News and Media Limited 2009: p 60: p 62 from ' Penguins in peril', The Guardian W~ 4 April 1999, C The Guardian Weekly; p 70 from 'Weird or wonderful? A weekly look at alternative therapies' , The Guardian 7 March 2000, C Guardian News and Media Umited 2009; p 74 from 'Thought crime', The Guardian 23 October 2008, Cl Guardian News and Media Umited 2009: p n from 'The eccentric's guide to London', The Guardian 19 November 2006, Cl Guardian News and Media Umited 2009: p 60 from 'Your get·ahead guide to powerspeak', Fair Lady 19 July 2000 Cl Fair lady Magazine; p 90 from 'Hire educalion', The Guardian 13 August 2007, Cl Guardian News and Media Umiled 2009; p 91 from 'ThIs column will change your life', The Guardian 15 November 2006, Cl Guardian News and Media Umited 2009: p 92 from 'Aquaseiling: sparkling water, on the rocks', The Telegraph 16 November 2006, Cl Telegraph Media Group Limited 2009: P 94 from 'Season of mists and unwanted guests' , The Guardian 6 October 2002, C Guardian News and Media Umiled 2009; pp 97-98 from 'Top girls' (parts one, two & three)', The Guardian 30 September 2003, Cl Guardian News and Med ia Limited 2009; p 102 from 'Take a bough', Homes and Garriens February 1997 (pp 107-108), Cl 1997 Homes and Gardens; p 103 from 'Dubai: hot city seriously cool ', Fair LlIdy Inspirations Summer 2000, C Fair Lady Magazine: pili from 'Household robols', ScienCentral News , 14 June 2007, C ScienCentraI2000-2007; p 1131rom " Chore Wars,' where 'World of WarcraJt' meels toi let cleaner' , cnet News , 19 October 2007, C 2009 CBS Interactive Inc. : p 114 from 'On the chilli trail In Assam, India', The TImes 15 November 2008, Cl 2008 Times Newspapers Ltd,; p 116 from 'ling Tlngs are looking up for Katie White and J ules De Mattlno', The TImes 21 November 2006, C 2006 Tlmes Newspapers Ltd.: p 123 from 'Office karma', Fair Lady 12 April 2000, Cl Fair Lady Magazine: p 124 trom 'Ash Thursday', Focus October 1996: Photograph Acknowledgements p 27 Wall, from govemmenlexecutive.com, p 35 isolated Batman image, from fantasy-lllustration.com copyright C RABZ Art & Illustration, p 93 aquaseiling, ww.v.adventura21.co.uk The authors and publishers are also grateful to the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndlcale lor permission to reproduce the sample answer sheets on pages 147- tSO and the information on pages 5-6 in both the Student's and Teacher's books. Every effort has been made 10 Irace all the copyright holders but if any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity,
pl~
wilt be
Introduction
..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
p. 5
CAE Test 1 Paper 1 . Reading
p. 7
Paper 2 . Writing .......... ..... .... ... ........... . .... . ............... .
p.16
Paper 3 - Use of English ...... . . .... . . . . . ........... . . . .... . . . . ..... .
p. 18
Paper 4 - Listening . ................•............ .. .........•....... . . .
p.23
CAE Test 2 Paper 1 . Reading
p.27
Paper 2 . Writing ................ . ... . ..... • ........... .• ........... . ...
p.37
Paper 3 - Use of English
p.39
Paper 4 - Listening . ......... .
p. 44
CAE Test 3 Paper 1 - Reading
p.49
Paper 2 - Writing ...... . .... .• ......... • ....................... . .... . ...
p. 58
Paper 3 . Use of English ...... . . ... . . .. . .... . ......... . .............. .. . .
p.60
Paper 4 . Ustening .................... .. .
p. 65
•
CAE Test 4 Paper 1 - Reading
p.69
Paper 2 . Writing ................... . .............. .... ...... . .. . .. ... ..
p. 78
Paper 3 - Use of English ......... ..... .............. . ............... . ....
p. 80
Paper 4 - Ustening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . ..
p. 85
CAE Test 5 Paper 1 - Reading
p.89
Paper 2 - Writing ............. . ..... .. ......... . .. . . . .. .... . . . .. ... . ... .
p.99
Paper 3 - Use of English ......... . .• . ........•..• • ....... . . . ....... .. ... .
p. 101
Paper 4 - Ustening ......... . . ... . . . . .. . .... . . .. . ... .. . .. .. ..... . ... . ... .
p.l06
3
CAE Test 6 Paper 1 . Reading Pape r 2 - Writing
4
p. 111 .......... • . . . . . •• .. •... • •. . .•.•..• . . .. • .. • .. • • .. . ... • p. 121
Paper 3 - Use of English .. .. .. • ............. • ......... • ........... • ..... .
p. 123
Paper 4 - Listening
.. . .. ..... .... . .. . ..... . •.. . ..... . • . ........ .• . ... . . .
p. 128
Further Exam Practice - Use of English . . . .... . •......... . .... . .....•.... ...
p.133
Speaking Tests .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . ....... .. . . . . .... . .... . ..... . . . . . . .
p.145
Sample Answer 'S heets . .... • . ........... •• .........•...........•.......
p. 157
Appendix
1 - Word and Preposition Combinations .... . . •. .. . ....•. • •........
p. 161
2 - Collocations and Idioms .............. . . • •.......•. • •........
p. l64
3 - Word formation tables ....... , . , ... , . , , ' • . . ... , . • • •• . . ... • , . .
p. 166
4 - Pu nctuation and spelling . , .. , ........... , . , , .... , . ' • • .. , .. , ..
p, 169
5 - Functional Phrases for the Speaking Test .... , • .• . . • . • • • , .••• . . .
p. 170
Model Answers for Writing
p. 171
Suggested Answers for Speaking Tests . .
p. 181
Tapescripts ... . . . . . . . . . . . ....................... . . ...... .. ........... .
p. 196
CAE Practice Tests contains six complete tests designed to help students to prepare for the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) examination. The tests offer comprehensive practice in all five papers of the examination and reflect the most recent CAE specifications (introduced for December 2008), thus providing students with the tools to develop the skills required to succeed in this examination and obtain the CAE qualification. CAE Practice Tests includes a wide range of stimulating, authentic texts in examination format, listening texts with authenticated recordings and a variety of accents, and full-colour visual material for the Speaking Paper. The book provides a detailed overview of the CAE examination, with a description of all the sections of each paper, exam guidance sections and further exam practice for Paper 3 - Use of English followed by useful Appendices as well as Sample OMR Answer Sheets at the back of the book. Tests 1-4 contain helpful exam tips and reminders, while Tests 5 and 6 are like real exam papers, with no guidance, for further exam practice. The Teacher's Book contains all the Student's Book material, together with over-printed answers, model
About CAE CAE is the fourth level in the Cambridge ESOL fivelevel series of examinations and is design~ to offer an advanced qualification, suitable for those who want to use English for professional or study purposes. The CAE examination can also serve as a useful step in the development of the language skills necessary for the CPE examination. The CAE examination can be used as proof of the language level necessary to work at managerial or professional level or to follow a course of study at Cambridge Level Five Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE) Cambridge Level Four Certificate in Advanced English (CAE) Cambridge Level Three First Certificate in English (FCE) Cambridge Level Two Preliminary English Test (PET) Cambridge Level One Key English Test (KET)
..
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univeTSlty. CAE 15 recognised by most Bntish wuVersJties for English language entrance requirements.
written answers for the Writing Paper, tapescripts of the recorded material for the Listening Paper, and guidelines for the Speaking Test. In CAE there are five Papers as shown below: Paper 1
(1 hour 15 mins)
Reading
4 parts
Paper 2
(1 hour 30 mins)
Writing
2 parts
Paper 3
(1 hour)
Use of English
5 parts
Paper 4
(approximately 40 mins)
Listening
4 parts
Paper 5
(approximately 15 mins)
Speaking
4 parts
'tOTAL
40 marks
40 marks
40 marks
40 marks
40 marks 200 marks
5
PAPER 1
PAPER 4
READING (J Ilour 15 mw) ThiI paper hae four parta with 34 Questiona drawn from reading texts which contain about 3,000 wordl in total.
USTENING (ApproximJJl,ely40 minuies) This paper has rour parts with 30 questiona All parts are heard twice. Part 1 Th.ree short unrelated exchanges with two multiple-cboioe quettions ror each.
Part f Three themed textl with 2 multiple-choice questions on each
ten. Tesl{octa."detail. opinion, toM.~ main idea, implication, attitutk, tut organiaation features. tic Part 2 A gapped text with 6 missing paragraphs. Test foe'": text $1rudure, cohesion and coherence Part 3 A text foUowed by 7 four-option multiple-choice questions. Test focus: detail, opinion. tone, PUI"[J
A seriet or five short extracts with two multiple matching
Te.sJ focus: 3pecifjc information, chtail, opinion and altitude
""u.
PAPER 2 WRmNQ (J hoor 30 miM) This paper bu two parte. Part! requires 180-220 words and Part 2 requires 220-260 words. Part 1 One compulsory task based on given input. Test (ocra: mGy iru:lutk eualuating, t:ZplTUing opinimu, hypotMsuing, ilUtifying, comparing. T«.Ommending.
supporting, tIc. Ta.s.u will aiwaYl incluck an ekment of persUt1.8ion. Part 2
One task from a choice of four. Question 5 is alway1I ba&ed on set text.. Test [OCU8: comparing, giving opinions, p€raUllding,ju8tifying. giuing aduice, cUscnbing, evaluating, hypothesi8ing, judging prioritiea (2 or fTl()re of t~ a& .p«ifUd in tod)
PAPER 3 USE OF ENGUSH (llwur) Thi.a paper has five parts with a tota1 or 50 questions. Part 1 A multiple-choice elote or approximately 200 words containing 12 gaps and rollowed by 12 rour-option multiplechoice anawera.
Test foeus: luice - grammalicallle:cical
Test focus: feelin&, altitude, opinwn, purpose, function, aareerrumt, gist, etc Part 2 A monologue with 8 lentence completion queat.ions.
Test {ocus: 'p«i/ic in{ormaJicn, slated opinion Part 3
A conversation between 2 or more speakers with 6 multiple choice quett.ions. TaJ {ocua: oUitlUk and opinion Part 4
Teat {ocus.: gUt, altitude, main point., interpreting contat
PAPER 5 SPEAKING (ApproximoJ.ely 15 minutes) This paper contains rour parts, and is taken by the candidatea in pairs with two examiners present. One or the euminera acta ... Interlocutor and the other one as
.......,,,.
Part 1
A conversation between the Interlocutor and each candidate. TaJ {OCIU: g4!Mral intera.ctionoJ and socuul4nguoge Part 2 Individuall minute ' long turn' ror each candidate with brier 30 second response rrom 2nd candidate. Each candidate is given S visual stimuli with questions.
Test focua: orgoniJing a larger unit o{ di8course, comparing, dacribing, t::qJtUling opinioru, ~ng Part 3 Two-way conversation between the candidates. The candidates are given spoken instructions with written and visual stimuli, which are used in a decision-making task. T~Bt {ocus: exchanging Uktu, upTftSing and justifying opinions, tJ81tting and/or clisagreei.ng, .uggating. 'p«u1oting, reaching a ckci8ion through negotiation, ttc
Part 2
Part 4
A modified open elote or approximately 200 words containing 15 gaps. Teat {oc1U: grammaJiooJIkxioo - grommolicol
A conversation between the candidates and the Interlocutor related to the topic introduced in Part 3. Test {OCIU.' upre"ins and justifying opinion.s, OjJreeing andJ or disagreeins
Part 3 One text or up to 130 words each. Words muM. be rormed to complete 10 gtlJ» using the given prompt words. Tnt focla: laKolIk:xioo - grotTIJTtLJtico Part 4 Five sets or S sentences with gaps to be completed with the same word. Teat (ocuI.. luicol Part 5 Eight key word transrormation sentences.
Test foelU: luical and gramffl4lical
6
•
PART 1
Exam~ Don't forgel that three of the answers
are there to distract you from the correct one. There may be small but significant differences in meaning in the answer sentences so read carefully and make sure you
Test 1 (1 hour 15 minutes)
You a.re gOing to read three extracts which are all ' questIons 1-6, choose the answer (A B CO DJ ch~nhcerned I," some way with sports. For text. " r W le you think fits best accortling to Ihe
If the traditional sports are losing their
J!,\sp,arkle and you feel the need to risk life I
understand how
one sentence differs from another.
i if you do feel you have the courage to give it a whirl, it is bound to get your pulse racing. Street luging bears little relation to its wintry counterpart, ice luging, and wiU probably never be recognised as an Olympic sport. Street luge riders lie down flat on their backs and try to steer a street1uge board, which is very similar to the good old skateboard. It doesn't sound too hazardous, does it? The real danger comes from the steep, winding road that
they now hurtle down at speeds reaching 70 mph (115 km/h). And to make it even more risky, the use of brakes is strictly forbidden! These riders are not ashamed to take pleasure in risking everything in
§J
pursuit of an adrenaJin buzz. You might be wondering how they stopbefore they hit that brick wall that Ir?\ approaches at speeds usually only seen ~ on motorways? Well, it's down to gravity and a sturdy pair of leather or Kevlar boots. Perhaps you've heard of Kevlar it's the material that bullet-proof vests are ine 30 made of. This is a sport that, as long as you survive and are able to walk away with no broken bones, will have you ooming back for more!
1 Accor~ing to the writer, street luge riders A believe the sport sh Id b B have seen the sport~ e aCknowle~ged at an international level. ecome progressIvely more dangerous se~m to thnve on the danger involved in the sport . o beheve the sport is often unfairly labe/ed as too d~ngerous.
©
.
2 ®Wh Y does the writer mention bullet-proof vests (line 30)? A to show what is needed to stop when moving at hi s ee B to recommend clothing suitable for street luging g p d C to reassure readers that street luging is safe o to emphasise the risks the riders are taking
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) 7
PART 1
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People somelines os!< me, '\\Mt is the difference between baseball and cricket?' ~ The answer is simple, Both are games of greot sI
I'm joking, of course. Cricket Is a wondeffuI game, fUI of deIcIoloIy scattered micro-morTle1 Its of rear action. If 0 doctor ever Instructs me to fake a complete rest and not get over-exclted. I shaH become a fon at once. " the fl'18Q111me, howe""" I hope you wI undeIstond wIlen I tal you that my heart beIOI ogs to baseboI. In what r grew up with , what I played as 0 boy and that of course ts vital to any meaningful appredotlon of a sport. I hod this brought home to me many years ego n England when I went out onto a foolbol pIIch with a ccq>Ie of guys to knocI< a bel around. I had watched foo~ N and thought t had a fair Idea of """'at was required. so when one of the~ ban n my direcllon , I decided to tick tt casually Into the with my head, the way I hod seen KeIIIn Keegon do tt.1 thought that tt would be like heading a beochban - that there wou1d be a gentle 'ponk' sound and that tne ban would IIghIly leave my brow and dlIft In a pIeosIo I\l arc Into the net. SUI of COllSO tt was 11<. heading a bowing bel. I hove never ten onvthi"lg so stortt!ng!y not lI
y legs with 0 big red c'cia and the word MITJlE inprhted on my fOfeheod, and
vowed never again to do anything so foolish and poInf\J.
M /
I;V
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3 The writer compares baseball and cricket in order to
@ explain his preference for one over the other. B emphasise the pointlessness of cricket. C show how different they are to each other. o explain his reasons for liking them . 4 The writer believes that he once had a bad experience while playing football because
® his expectations of playing differed to the reality of it.
V
S he chose to head the ball instead of kicking it. C he had overestimated his sporting talent. o his opponents didn't take into account his lack of experience.
8
Test 1 .....
What's it like being a sports feature writer on
a national newspaper?
Andrew Ba~er shares his e~perience of sports journalism. c
HQe;V~IJ{;t() 'I-d c!Pwlvb':
1{j1t41t1;1,( l etHl
t l(l("'{ (
To be a successful sports journalist, you need
It isn't necessary to hold a journalism
the same curiosity, perseverance and literacy as
degr" but a degree of some kind is beneficial,
any other journalist, but also specialist knowledge
be;a:se you will have experience of marshalling your thoughts under pressure. In an ideal world, all journalists would have an
if you wish to cover one sport in particular; diplomacy and humility if you need to cover many sports (you will need to ask a lot of questions). Also, the ability to write sensibly under extreme pressure is essential if you aspire to cover major
events live.
essay-based degree and a postgraduate course 5 in journalism, especially important for knowing the nuts and bolts of sub-editin and how to avoid legal howlers. Perhaps the best part of being a sports journalist is travelling to interesting places and meeting interesting people. Often, these are not the PR-protected megastars, but the passionate individuals who can tell you what is so special about their sPOrt and, if you are lucky, give you some first-hand experience. In my case, I've messed about on Ellen MacArthur's boat al 3am in a Brazilian harbour, had a special driving lesson from an F1 star and done a lot more fun stuff that had better not be recorded.
5 According to the writer, one of the main benefits of obtaining a qualification in journalism is A becoming skilled in writing good quality essays. B learning how to express ideas quickly and clearly. gaining knowledge of the practical details of journalism. D learning how to deal with the stress associated with journalism.
©
6 What aspect of sports journalism is the writer emphasising in the third paragraph? A the chance to meet famous people ~ J B the necessity of personal participation the satisfaction gained from contact with enthusiasts IV D the fervour and dedication of some people he meets
©
,
9
PART 2
• You are going to read an extract from a magazine article. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. ChOOl.,j from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (1-12). There Is one extra paragraph which you do not need
use.
From 30,000 ft. in the air, the Greenland ice cap seems Impregnable, nearly 800 trillion gallons of frozen water
locked safely away. But get doser and the ~cks begin to emerge. Dandng by helicopter above the mouth of the Jakobshavn Glader, near the western coast of Greenland, you can make out veins of the purest blue melt water
Oahl-lensen at the NEEM camp in Greenland. NEEM stands for North Greenland Eemlan Ice Drilling (the acronym is Danish, as are the leaders of the project), and the scientists are digging deep into the Greenland ice more than a mile and a half deep to be precise - to try to understand its pedigree.
running between folds of ice.
B F
Those Icebergs are spat out into Di';. Ba~iIIiOn metric tons' worth every year, where ey loom bove the tiny fishing boats th~ deep, co d waters. Sail dose and you'll find ~ese seemingly permanent cathedrals of ice, some 200 ft. to 300 ft. high, are leaking water like broken pipes. They're fighting a war and they
appear to be IOSI,'
?
la I
G
If all the lee on Greenland were to melt tomorrow, global sea levels would rise more than 20 ft. - enough to swamp many coastal cities. Though no one thinks that will happen anytime soon, what keeps gladologists awake at night is that thinking is not the same as knowing - and no one can say with certainty what Greenland's fate will be. -
D I got a firsthand look at such heroism this summer when I joined a team of international researchers led by
10
It's like tree rings but for dimatic hiStory. -In order to predjct the future, we have to understand the past,· says Minlk Rasing, a geologist at the University of Copenhagen. NEEM is focused on the Eemian stage, a period from about 11S,OOO to 130,000 years ago, right before the last ice age, when the worid was warm - quite warm, about 9 "F hotter in Europe than it is today.
A Oahl-Jensen believes that with enough information, they wlll be able to project forward and understand just how vulnerable Greenland is to future melting. · With 10 ~ars of Intense researCh, [ think we can reach a reUable estlmate for that tipping point, - she says.
E I watch as a plume of mist fills the air where the Iceberg once was, while the fjord chums on. And then I wonder, just how much time do Greenland and the rest of us have before it's too late? That may be up to us and the heroes we choose to follow.
Test 1
A Given that the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that temperatures could rise 3.24 ' F to 7.2 ' F over the coming century, the Eemian could offer a model for the effect such thermometer swings will have on Greenland's ice. A full dimatic record of the Eemian has never been constructed, but over the next several summers, the NEEM researchers hope to harvest cores that will help them track the state of the ice throughout that era, when Greenland was warm enough to actually be green.
!
~ "'&p
"
'I'
B Depth fS time and the lower you go, the further back in history you travel. As ice formed in Greenland, year after cold year, bits of atmosphere were trapped in the layers. Drilling into the ice and fishing out samples - ice cores - that contain tiny bubbles of that andent air can reveal the temperature, the concentration of greenhouse gases, even the ambient dust from the year that layer was formed.
C It's easy to misunderstand all of this. Oimate change itself isn't a bad thing ; It isn't even unusual. Take a geological step back, and you can see that our climate has always changed, alternating just within the past several hundred thousand years between ice ages, when glaciers covered much of the Northern Hemisphere, to eras warmer than our own.
r:> o That's why researchers like Dorthe DahlJensen, stationed on a barren speck of
sheet, are considered a hero for the environment. His work there involves decoding the island's dimatic history. He, along with numerous other scientists, activists, financiers and political leaders display a passion for the planet that just might save it. 'h I
,,
.J; 'g~,
J
E It's that type of confidence that serves as our light in the dimatic darkness, living proof that hope hasn't vanished. You need that comfort when you're standing on a rocky hilltop in Greenland, watching the ice disappear. As Jakobshavn gives way to the dium-size Iceberg sudde implodes, isintegrating like a collapsing s scraper.
~~Tip Look for any grammatical or logical clues which can help you place the missing paragraphs In
Jt)!1~ ~ght gaps.
F What you can't at height, is Jakobshavn' inexorable de toward the sea at 65 ft. to 115 ft. a day - an alarming rate that has accelerated in recent years. As the glacier nears the coast, it breaks off Into e Ilullssat fjord, a stream 0 churnin Ice that might have birthed t e monster that sunk the Titanic.
1(( r
~
G Sadly, Greenland is the front line in humanity's battleV against climate change. The warming - that IS easy to dismiss elsewhere is undeniable on this 860,000-sq.-mi. isJand of fewer than 60,000 people, More and more of Greenland, whose frozen expanses are a livIng remnant of the last Ice age, disappears each year, wIth as much as 150 billIon metric tons of glacier vanishing annually.
land near the heart of Greenland's ice
"
PART 3 You are going to read a magazine article. For questions 13-19. choose the answer (A. B. C Of 0 ) which you thi~k best according 10 the text.
~tep back in time Historicol biographer Antonia Fraser reveals the pleasures af studying a bygone era. Gibbon was inspired to write The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire sitting on the steps of the Capitol ;It Rome one evening, listening to the sound of monks chanting. My own Inspiration to become a historical
biographer came in rather less elevated circumstances, as a teenager one rainy Oxford afternoon: I began to read Lytton Strachtis EmlnentVtctorians. and was in particular fascinated by his essay on Cardinal Manning.This was going to be the life for me! Once back at school I plunged into further research in the library. A very different picture cf3) emerged. Gradually as r pursued the topic. I became aware ~ of Strachey's daring sallies into -artistic truth- (as opposed to historical truth). N~rtheles$ I neyer forgot my original sense of oong transported into a world more vivid than my own. An mlity to coovey this sensation is., I believe. at the n.('heart of the matter. ~ the biographer; don't thrill to ~your subiect. you can hardly in all fairness expect the reader to do so. In a sense (not of course the commercial sense) the choice of subject is irrelevant so long as it 21 meets that requirement You could say that I was extremely lucky to choose Mary Queen of Scots for my first foray since there proved to be a world-wide public for the troubles of the ill-fated Queen. But you could argue equally that I made my own luck. since I had always been obsessed by Mary's story from childhood, Nor was success foreordained. It was, after all, the leading publisher Mark Bonham-Carter of (men) Collins who $aid to me when I 115'! confessed my project, ''They say that all books on Mary "-'. Queen of Scots sell and no books on South America do-, before adding with a laugh, "Perhaps yours will be the exception.Nevertheless I did have luck. In the 60s, so-called IUrrative biography was said to be OUt of fashion. Mary Queen of ScOts was an early from the fact that me public continued to have an for it. so long as the research was felt to be,~!~:~""" not Scracheyesque that biographers discover for themselves the reality
12
of Or Johnson's wise dicwm: "A man wilt tum over half a libnry to make a book..
And what about those fabled things boasted of on blurbs: hitherto unpublished doc.umentsl Obviously it is f!'iery researcher's dream to discover such papers. and their discovery once apin may make a protect commercial which would not othefWise be so. At the same time I would issue a caveat about hitheno unpublished documents. HUDs are not in themselves more valuable than the princed sources - it's a historical coincidence that Ofl@ set has become known early on, the other not One needs to evaluate them even more closely. Here I speak from personal experience. A series of chances led me to discovering some hitherto unpublished letters of Ollver Cromwell JUSt as I was finishing my manuscript I bbzoned my finds across the text only to realise at the proof stage. that they might be unpUblished but they were not very important In the grand scheme of things ._ an expensive mistake. Where the perils and pleasures of writing historical biography are concemed, there are two perils which seem to me to raise points of principle.The first is me peril of anachronistic judgements. For example, in the 16th century 6ne more or less f!'ierybody tOOk astrology seriously and more '@> or less everybodY enjoyed a lolly aftemoon out to see the bears baited. It's no good dismissing the former as meaningless and aingfng from the latter as disgusting. I would further cite. the peril of hindSight We may know that Henry VIII Will marry six times. but he didn't, and he would have been amazed if it had been predicted at the time of his first marriage to Catherlne of Aragon. And the pleasuresl Manifold! Principal among them however is the opporwnity
to lead a life less ordinary, As a biographer; I can rule over kingdoms. lead the cavalry Into battle, patronise the great artists of the past and all without leaving my chair.
-~
Test 1
ExamJ!eS'? Read the text
oxtremely carefully In order to distinguish between
13 What did the writer learn while researching a historical figure as a teenager? A There was a surprising amount of information available.
® It was not possible to take everything she read as fact. C It was difficult to interpret the true meaning of what she read.
o It was necessary to consult a wide range of sources.
opparently similar viewpoints,
outcomes or reasons.
14 What does 'that requirement' in line 21 refer to?
A the reader's response to a writer's subject B the correct choice of subject C the commercial appeal of the book
@ the writer's ability to communicate their enthusiasm 15 What did Mark Bonham-Carter believe about the writer's choice of subject? A Her long-standing interest in it may ensure her book's success.
® It did not guarantee her book's success. C There are already too many books written on it. o It was a wise choice for her first biography. 16 The main point that the writer is making in the fourth paragraph is that A a biography is more likely to be successful if it contains new information. B researchers must be careful to check all facts thoroughly. C research material can include inaccurate information.
@
extensive reading is crucially important.
17 What warning does the writer give to biographers about unpublished documents? A They are difficult to obtain as their discovery is down to chance.
® Their overall significance to the book must be carefully considered. C Their use could result in diminished commercial success for a book. o It should not be assumed that they are authentic .
(£\I.f.~~O lW31,lf 18 An example of an 'anachronistic judgement' (line 64) that the writer gives is A not being able to imagine oneself living in the sixteenth century. B being uninformed about sixteenth century customs and practices.
© viewing the sixteenth century from a twenty-first century perspective. o focusing only on the negative side of life in the sixteenth century. 19 In the article as a whole, the writer implies that her main motivation for becoming an historical biographer was th e chance to A carry out extensive research.
® become immersed in history. C discover unpublished documents. o establish historical truth.
13
PART 4 You are going to read some reviews of wildlife books. For questions 20-34, choose fro the reviews (A.-G) . The reviews may be chosen more than once. Read the questions first and uoo the key word that you kn()1 exactly what looking for in texts.
In which review are the following mentioned?
the fact that an author openly reveals details of a personal nature
120 I C 121 I F 1221 F 123 1A
readers being able to Identify with an author's line of thinking
1241
feelings of inad~uacy In relation to others the fact that the reviewer does not apologise for selecting the book
a failLffft 10 respond suffidenUy to an
OPQASU,
~
Cl
an authors successful exploration of the most central aspects of a matter
-._- -
-.
the successful portrayal of an instincbVe connection an ignorance of deeper meanings, which later became apparent
a well.arganised and aesthetically pleasing book a reviewer's changed reaction 10 a creature since reading the book
the book provokes a reaction even if readers' opinions differ from those of the author's a suggestion that a book
an
was not an obvious choice for a reviewer
1311 G
a~4~a lost ~oseness with the ~~t~~1 wo~
an assurance that knowledge acquired will enhance a reader's appreciation of nature
multiple descriptions of the same thing
14
.- -. -
Test 1 ~
Tal(e a .:-,
M,lIcolm Tail, editor of Going. Going, Gone?, an illustrated mmpilation of 100 animals and plants in danger of extinction,
It'\liews his favourite wildlife books. A: Nature Cure by Richard Mahey
If the best wildlife writing reveals as much aboullhe writer as the h ..,lIdllllr, itself, then this is the best of them all. Mabey is brutally
and his fear ~::~~~!~:~'~~iand fire up the of :
' ~~:;;~~~~~~~~':hi;"=depression, IhJt nature for him. The more he disconnected from the world he
his path out of despair, as he finds a
his book, written inwild bits richly it's painful too:
IhlCure, out
R: The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling Kipling.. r think, was where much of it began for me. r adored his iUlirnaltales as a lad, such as the idiosyncratic, rock ing-chair-bythe-fireside fables of the Just So Stories an d the heroic and ~uspense-filled Rikki·tikki-tavi. But it was The Jungle Book that ('I r(,.llly gripped me, a rite of passage yarn in which the vicissitudes ' of life were represented by the forces of nature. Of course, I didn't understand all this at the time I just loved reading about l!.aloo, Bagheera and all and singing along to the songs of the Disney version - but I now realise that I grew up with Mowgli, .md that I've been going back to the jungle ever since.
t;
C: How to be a Bad 8irdwatcher by Simon Bames You know the feeling: you're reading a book, and as you turn every Q~ page you're nodding i.n agreement. as if the writer has popped into your head and committed your own thoughts to paper. This is one of those books. It's about being a normal birdwatcher, reasonably knowledgeable, constantly passionate, but often a bit confused as to ~O what you've seen or heard, and INith the vague feeling that everyone " else you're with knows so much more. It's the book for those of us who find birdwatching pleasurable, not competitive, and it's terribly funny to boot. I ahvays smile, now, when I see a sparrowha..w. I urge you to read this book to find out why. ~ 0: Field Guide to th e DTagonflies an d Oamselfties of Great Britain and Northern Ireland by Sieve Brooks and Rit:hard lewington You can't have a list of wildlife books without including a guide ~~ book. I've gone for this excellent little number, partly because it's "-\ dearly written and well laid out, partly because it's superbly illustrated, but mainly because a whole new world has opened up for me since buying it. If you've never looked closely at nature 631 before, this book will set you in the right direction, and I ",- guarantee that as you get to know these fascinating creature~ you'll have new marvels to understand and enjoy every time you take a summer walk..
E: The Future of life by EO Wilson Here's a fascinating book which is a great example of conservation-based writing. The ecological debate will always rage on - should mankind continue to experiment with new sciences and discoveries, or are we destroying our world and ourselves in the rocess - ',~~~;;:;;;~~~~;-;~;T,~~ ar umenls u rbl , iven by a planet. which we I i I F: The World's Vanishing Animals by eyril LiHlewood and DW OVenden ~ An unashamedly nostalgic choice. Published in two volumes
G: The Peregrine by lA Baker ~ The last in my list is. perhaps oddly, a book I haven't yet read. I've included it because I've only recently heard about it, I can't wait to read it, and I don 't see why I can't find something new in this list, as well as you. By all accounts, the book is a reminder of the wildness of England (it was published in 196n, and a tour de force of language as Baker ~~~-!-~!.:!!!j~¥:::~~:!,~~ grippingly and compellingly, Sounds superb.
PART 1
(1 hour 30 mins)
•• You must answer this question. Write your answer in 180..220 words In an appropri style.
Exam ~ Both parts of Paper 2 take the same number of marks, so spend the same length of time on
1 You are a student at an international school. The principal of the school is looking for
venue for this year's end-of-term party and has asked you to write a proposal suggesti a suitable one. Read the memo below, on which you have made some notes, the notes you made aft hearing students' comments about last year's party and the advertisements fort\ovo possib
each one.
.,..,
venues. Then. using the information appropriately, write your proposal for the princi explaining why you think a different venue should be chosen this year. recommencfing of the venues in the advertisements and explaining why it may cost more this year.
em fo' ,,¥U;~ n, f><.Ip with ~ ",9';~" of jj,;~ .".,,~ ooJ-~ po""!,
n",1o '/'"
lA,I. '/'" t.ll '"~ what ~ ~tv~ jj,..g.t of Ixt .".,,~ po,,",? c..,.I• ...e oM- ~ <>ou ... -,~ ',9;' jj,;~ \'t:.tIlleI; '"
( No, because ... )
"
.".,? 0. pm'~ ,,~ of ~
• not enough food - only
fhe:. iiJlIe+"'fi~ I'~ ~
wOllld ~e,. MOn:. S:lJitable? A-I~, do ~OV
(
( (
Yes, probably. (give reasons)
thill/:::. that ;all~ adJitioll;a/ fi";a~
nlbblesl • hotel Dj's music unoriginal • 'movie stars' theme
wHl ~ '"1!';...d fo' jj,k .".y'~ ~?
successful • hotel venue a bit
n,,~ 'I"" ',9;"
formal/impersonal
p~t.rtt""mond
(
Notes from Students' comments
(S<.hool Fn"'"P'i)
r 'IIII~
Paradise Club 8eachslde Nightclub & Restaurant Available tor hire now for new ·Hawaiian Barbeque' night. Uve band on request-
Call us on 5984857
~
Need a venue for Q reception, conference or party?
We offer hot or cold buffet, resident DJ, speclof price for earlv bookings
CoIl Gory ftJ!toes at G._... ParIc M""", on 987-4231
Write your proposal. You should use your own words as far as possible.
16
Test 1
PART 2
Exam ~ Make sure you have covered all the points from the question in your
Write an answer to one of the of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2
You see the following announcement in a music magazjne:
nnswer.
MUSIC
RLL RROUND! We are re searching for a special feature for our magazine about the Influence music has on Individuals and on society. " you are Interested in helping us, please write to us answering the following questions:
,
• How important is music in your life? • How does music influence the world in which we live? • What would the world be like without music?
Write your competition entry . 3 An international travel magazine has asked its readers to send in a review of two popular tourist attractions in th eir country. Write your review in which you compare the two attractions, describing what each has to offer and saying which one you would recommend for a family with children and why. Write your review.
4
0., Fm" Wllld We are pbWng to publish 0 new book about technology and its role in the future of our W()(1d. If yoo woold like to contribute to the book. write to us, telling us; in what moin ways yoo think technology will change oor world in the next fifty years. what the advantages and disadvantages of these cho~s will be. Write your contribution to the book.
5
Answer one of the following two questions based on one of the books you have read. (a) Write a review of the book for your college magazine saying why people should or shouldn't read it. (b) Choose one character in the book and write an essay about how this person changes in the book and why.
17
,
PAPER 3 - USE OF ENGlISH '-' PART 1
Exam~
(1 hour)
For questions 1- 12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Remember that all four options could be similar in meaning, but only one can be used in the context.
o
A method
Example:
®process
C way
fit~
D procedure
IL0,-,--I_-'6=--_-'-1="""-0,-,=,,,,-,1
RAINMAKlNG The (0) ... prQq.~~~.... ~f making rain is simpler than you might think; As warm, moisture-laden air (I) .r.l~ from the surface of the earth, it cools and some of the air (2) v!p..n.l. ..(~~to tiny droplets thalb~~~l1y become clouds. These droplets form around the microscopic particles such as dust and smoke which are (3) ..
...........
Tr
ai, _ 0.1/ \ -p{""l T he science of weather modification is now big (4) .. !?.+.1.. ~.I...l1.~ Usin~.f<1ar ant' sensitive equipment that (5) .................. atmospheric changes, weather modifiers fly above or below the clouds and spray them with billions of minute particles known as seeding agents. These particles either fall into clouds c:r.r re.:afled into them from below by warm (6) They then 'attrac!' tiny water droplets which (7) ......t!InJIT. around each onc. in the process which returns When enough droplets are attached, precipitation - the third and final (8) waler 10 the earth's surface - occurs, and it rains. I t may take as many as a million dr~plets to fonn a single raindrop. If the clouds contain ice crystals, Ihe results are similar, but now snow will fonn instead of rain. ~ Current weather manipulation technology only allows scientists to 'encourage' a cloud that is (9)J41/,":d. . ~ . ;,.Jeavy to produce rain: Some m~r~ am.bi~ious scientists (10) ; . Lv:C.~~ a day when they will be able 10 rain from blue skIes, but tlllS IS stIll In the far (12) .. fulure.
.cM.Cr..t.Y.7.t .
.,sh.tt<. ........
.dtt.Jl!J.v1._...
""ill '-,rc y,J"
h3 J {"'MJ,
1,'I1Z· UffldJ urc""I'cI! )'1 "J:! G,
,,"J ~
KA
1 A gmws dlf 2 @) condenses
f.
l
'I;.fi!~"JI
J
3 A gliding 4 A commerce
5 A takes off
18
C transforms
o gathers
B flying
© floaling
o hanging
B industry
C trade
® PiCkSUp
@ rises
@ business
C catches on
0 puts across
© currents
0 tides
7 @) gather
B fasten
C converge
0 stick
C period
0 level
B specifically
C splendidly
0 satisfactorily
B prophesy
C guess
B supply
C conjure
0 reveal
@ distant
C isolated
0 remote
10 A forecast
.
C lifts
B evaporates
B draughts
9 @) sufficiently
,
B raises
6 A ffows 8 A division
,
(l lfw.utv.J..........
..
11
® manufacture
12 A detached
@ slage
@ foresee
PART 2
lxom~
For questions 13-37, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) . •
I'ftr In mind the . noral sense of the
Example:
0:....LI__T:..:o'------'-I= ==.o:..===--,I
1..:1
talliage in order to Mllde what the
lllslng words are. oms of them may I grammatically,
ut may not make Inse in the context.
. -.----
NILE RIVER BASIN
THE NILE RIVER
The Nile allowed the first Egyptians (0) ... ~~ .. settle successfully in the otherwise very dry part of North
........,... SAU DI
Africa. The great river provided a dependable source (13) ............
of ........ ...... water that was used for
everything fro~ansport, cooking drinking, hunting and fishing (14) ... .. ....~~ .. .. .
G:aste~ (1S) ........... ¥J!.W~py~ .......... its river, Egypt would have been no more than an un.forgiving desert. Instead, it became the most fertile land in the whole Mediterranean. (16) . ... . .!!J.~~.~.~lP.~.~
...... to its position and
many natural resources, Egypt was able to remain an independent country for 3,000 years.
Although/While (17) .. .... .. ... .................. ....... the deserts were used for their valuable minerals, they were uninhabitable.
The narrowness of the belts ~rt ile la:;' 00 ( 18) ..... .. ~.~~I].~~~~~t!....... side of the Nile prevented expansion ( 1.9) ......... ~~~r.. ~ .~~ the east or west . Villages were situated
..
.......
(20) .. ... ... .....~(C?~!1. ......... ... the river (2 1) ............. ..!!~.~
f( Dt/ I{ (".;01)
..............@~
Agriculture in ancient Egypt relied completely on the annual flooding between July and October. (22) .. ...... IIJ.~~.~{.!.IJ.~
........ flood waters cleaned the land and laid down a thick
layer of hlghly fertile silt. (23) ... .... .........~.~ ............... an added bonus, fish were left in the fields (24) .. ...... ~!!.l!.~l~..rJ.~~....... the water levels had fallen , and they were dried and smoked for future consumption. As Egypt relied totally on the Nile, it is (25) ...... .....
water level was closely watched at (26) .. ......
not ... ......... surprising that the
a/l .... .... ..... . times. Too high, and the
water would flood the towns; too low, and there would be food shortages, unrest, and perhaps (27) ......... .. ...~~~n
........ .... the downfall of a dynasty. 19
PART 3
Exam ..!TI/"eP'
• For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of SOl of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same tine. Tbere is an example at '
First identify what part of speech is given as a prompt word and then think about what
beginning (0).
Example:
10 1EXPANSION 1=0=1
sort of change(s) you need to make.
ST HILDA'S COLLEGE Teaching Vacancies Due to the (0) .... ~~P~(!~!.t?IJ.... of our sixth form department, we are currently recruiting teachers with a(n) (28) .... ~p~~l~U~~.(~~.'J. ..... in 'A' level Physical Education, Psychology, law or Italian, or a (29) ......t;,Qm!?;.t:!~'l.qn...... of these. SI Hilda's College Is a(n) (30) .... )r:!~IJ.P!f!.nC!.~fJ.L ... day school for girls with
a mission to provide high-quality (31) ........~.'-~Qm:t.~!Y. ........ education to pupils aged eleven to eighteen. Applicants should have a(n) (32) ........... p.X9Y.'-n............ track record In teaching at 'A' level, although we would also welcome applicalions from (33) ............
n..e.w.fr............. qualified teachers. Experience in the development
and delivery of (34) .... .. )n.t:J.9.1(~.(iy.~......
m
curriculum programmes would be a
teistinct advantaAA ") I1 is highly (35) .. ...... .d..r:.$}r.l1.Qf~ ......... that applicants should be self-starters as
WiWn9 ............
well as team players and (36) .... ........
to participate in extra-
curricular activities. For further information and an application form, please contact Mrs Jessica Beaumont on: 0208-427·n21 . The (37) ...... ~.I.9.~i!f.lg ....... date for applications is May 15th.
20
INNOVATE
PART 4
Exam~ HOod sentences vttry carefully
For questions 38-42 think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. Here is an example (0). •
o She commented that it was about ...... Jfp~ ........ she started helping more around the house.
hocause there will be clues rogarding
People's eating habits have drastically changed over ...... Jfm~ ........ . We took.
.. .fim.~ ...
.... to stop and admire the view on our journey.
moaning and word class.
Example:
°
TIME
=°=1
38 I can't buy any new clothes at the moment; I'm completely
br.Q~~....... .
The vase ..... J~!'9.~~....... after the cat knocked it off the shelf. ' Iost everyth'Ing w hen h'IS company went ............... broke TIm ......... . 39 Eventually it ......~!-!m~JL ... out to be a beautiful day. Brian ......'yrr~.f?{L .... to his father for support after his terrible accident. Sorry about your T-shirt; it ..... .tU.t:O~.« ...... green in the wash! 40 Sally wasn't ........ ~W~ ........ whether she would be going to the party or not. I expected John to call me that night and ........~UnL ...... enough, he did. Be ........$Mr.~ ........ to lock the door when you leave the house. 41 Apparently, Jim and Mary's house is .......w.9.rth ....... twice what it was when they bought it. He told her that it wasn't .. .. ...~.q,~~ ....... getting so upset over something so small . The storm caused thousands of pounds' .......'!'(.9.r!.~ ....... of damage to people's homes. 42 The noise had been getting on Samantha's ......~~.t:Y.~~...... all morning. Tom often goes jogging to calm his ......~~r.v:~~ ...... before making a presentation. He damaged some of the . .... !?~.ty~.~...... in his hand in the accident.
,
. "
21
PART 5
Exam ~ If your Idea doesn't fit naturally into 3-6 words, don't force it. tt's probably wrong.
101
For questions 43-50 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use betw three and six words, induding the word given. Here Is an example (0).
o He always gives the Impression that he's very confident. ACROSS He always .................. _.......•....•...........•...................................... very confident.
Example,
I I 0
I
COMES ACROSS AS BEING =
0 =
I
43 I'm sure Sarah didn't mean to hurt your feelings. INTENTION I'm sure Sarah .............lIa!;(.n.Cl.intf:n.til1ll.l1f.h.ui1iog: ............. your feelings. 44 Andrew's behaviour was unforgivable. EXCUSE There's ....................nll. ~~!;.u~~..tl1r. tlluv.lIY. .................... Andrew behaved.
45 We need the public's support for the project to work. SUCCEED Whelher Ihe project .... ...... ..wi!l..$.u!<.c.ua. lQr..n.Q.f). JI.'p~J)JIL ......... on the
public's support.
@ I usually drink a cup of coffee first thing In the morning. HABIT I am ...~IJJIJ~..I.F~k~U~.U!.r!.tJ.I:c.~ng ... a cup of coffee first thing in the morning.
47 'Why don't you go to the dentist's, Steva?' saki his wife. SUGGESTED
Stave's wife .... ......... .. ..~l:!g.!l~.~.~~~J(IJ~!1.!J.~. g~ .................. to the dentist's. 48 Could you please pass me my book? KIND
Would ..................... y.'?y .p.~..~~..~~!!~ ..................... . as to pass me my book? 49 Thera isn't much chance that Sue will win the race.
, ~
PROSPECTS Sue's ......... ... .. .. p.rg.~p.~.C;.~~. 9.r .~!.'J.I]!rgJt:!~J~.c;,~. ~.~~................. quite slim .
Ken's lies completely deceived me. TAKEN
I ...... .............. .....!f~.$. . f.~~mP.!~t~!ylJ~.I:c.~njn ..~.Y. .......................... Ken's lies.
22
Test 1 PART 1
Exam~
(Approximately 40 minutes)
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. •
fl oad through the
questions very carefully before you Usten and think about what you are being nsked to listen for e.g.
the speaker's purpose, IUtltudes & opinions or what two speakers
ngree on.
EXTRACT 1 You hear two people on a radio programme talking about a new film with the actor Greg Vanderbilt in it.
1 What is the woman's opinion of Greg Vanderbitt's role in the film?
I 1 IB
A She thinks it shows how adaptable he is as an actor. B She believes it reflects his true talent. C She wonders if he was wrongly cast.
2 What do the two speakers agree about?
12
le
13
lA
14
IB
15
le
16
le
A the originality of the script B the unpredictability of the ending C the complexity of the plot EXTRACT 2 You hear part of an interview with a former athlete called Jenny Price. 3 Why did Jenny give up her athletic career? A She felt it was the right move at the right time. B She was keen to fulfill another ambition. C She had sustained too many injuries to continue.
4 Regarding the way she ex:ercises now, Jenny feels A somewhat anxious about putting on weight. B content with a gentler, more private kind of workout. C committed to staying as fit and healthy as she was. EXTRACT 3 You hear a radio discussion in which two writers are talking about their careers.
5 What does the man say about the short stories he used to write? A They were not intended for a wide audience. B They weren't well received by the critics. C They helped to kick-start his career.
6 What do the two speakers agree about? A Their success as novelists is mainly down to lucky breaks. B Other jobs have given them valuable experience. C Their income as writers is not dependable.
"
2,
PART 2
Exom ~ You will be able to read and listen to the Instructions. They will give you a good Id.. of II1e
You'll hear an artist called Fraya Norton talking about her worK For ql:estlons 7-14, complete the
sentences:~·tfltfI"".··..
0
context of the recorded infonnatlon and also explain the listening task.
o
ABSTRACT ARTIST
Freya reoalls that at school not only did she enjoy the art class but she also
'-____m_._d_e_ "_ie_n_d_s_____--'1_7-'1 there. Seeing
lL..._ _ _ _ li_v'_ ·n_9_s_t_._tu_e_s_____--'I_s-'1
with painted bodies reminds
Freya of an incident that happened in her art class.
The artist Ro" Hams' 1
drawing style
191 was a great inspiration to Freya.
Freya tells of a mUSician who based his LI_ _ _ _S_O_IO_ . _ l b_u_m_ _ _ _ _...Lll_0...J1 on paintings by Edward Hopper. Freya says that she teels that her L...I_ _ _ _ _s_tU_d_IO _ _ _ _ _ _...Lll_l-'1 is like a retreat that she can escape to. Freya says that she has been using LI_ _ _d_i_ "_ e_ ' e_n_t_m _. _ te_'_i._IS____--'-11_2....JI , namely wax and sand, in
her most recent work. Freya tells us that her parents are no longer L...I_ _ _ _ _c_o_n_c_e_ rn_e_d______1...11_3-'1 about her living thE
Ine ot an artist. She says that n was a(n) LI_ _ _ _e_X _h_ib _ '_ ·t'_ ·o_n_ _ _ _ _...Lll_4...J1 that changed her parents' perception
of ber career.
PART 3
exam~ Uon'! choose an lioswer based on an I..alated word. Read 1110 sentence and
lTIake sure you ullderstand the Dverall meaning.
You will hear part of a radio interview in which a travel writer, Owen Grifiths, is talking about his career. For questions 15~20, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits bes't according
to what you hear.
15 Why does Owen feel well suited to a career as a travel writer?
A He beHeves he has the desire and determination to succeed. He finds it easy to adjust to living in different places. C He feels he has both the right character and skills.
®
D He doesn't 1eel ready to senle down in one place. Why d id Owen work for a newspaper after leaving university? A to gain writing experience
B to follow in his mother's footsteps
© to finance his novel writing o
to please his parents
Why was Owen's first travel piece published? A The paper had been planning a piece on that region. B He was the only writer able to meet the deadline.
© It solved a problem for his boss. o His boss wanted to reward him. According to Owen, what quality must a travel piece possess?
® It needs a balance between information and opinion. B It has to appeal to all readers of the newspaper. C It should be constructed like a short story. o It must convey the writ er's enthusiasm for the place. What criticism does Owen make of his own writing?
® He sometimes struggles to produce original pieces. B He often ends up leaving out the best parts of his journeys. C He believes his ideas could be better organised. o He sometimes writes to please himself more than his readers. According to Owen, what is the ultimate aim of travel writing?
® to present an accurate picture of places around the world B to enco urage the readers to visit certain places C to challenge wrong ideas people have about places
o
to engage the reader on an emotional level
25
PART 4
Exam ~ Make sure you read
both tasks before you listen the first time.
You will hear five short extJacts In which people are talking about the use of technol In their work. While you listen you must complete both tasks.
TASK ONE
For questions 21·25, choose from the list (A-H) the job each speaker does. A coach driver
B paInter
Speaker 1
E 121
C bank clerk
Speaker 2
F 122
Speaker 3
H 1 23
E policeman
Speaker 4
G 1 24
F hotel receptionist
Speaker 5
C 1 25
0
security guard
G travel agent
H a photographer
TASK TWO
For questions 26-30, choose from the list (A-H) what each speaker expresses. A colleagues' reluctance to use technokJgy
B a successful transfer of his or her new skills
C a dislike of other peoples' aniludes
0 changes In consumer habits affecting business E apprehension about career prospects
F a desire to change wori
26
wo~ing
Speaker 1
A
Speaker 2
8
26 1 27
Speaker 3
H
28
Speaker 4
D
29
Speaker 5
E
30
Test 2
PART 1
Exam ,~ Oon't spend too much lime on any one part of the paper. There may be three texts here but these make up one part of the paper so keep that In mind and allocate lime accordingly.
(1 hour 15 minutes)
You are going to read three extracts which are 'all concerned in some way with film and theatre. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you mink fits best according to the text.
WFlLL-@ There's no earthly reason why a studio of Pixar's haft should make a film like WAU.. E. Luxuriously in the black on every film they've ever made, they have many delighted shareholders and a new boss to keep happy now that they're officially part of the Disney empire, and a trusting audience whose largesrcomplaint to date has been that some of their films have failed to be instantly classic and merely managed 10 be very, very good. In the animation world they're unparalleled in witty dialogue and nice shiny textures, and everyone would probably be happy to devour more
iD
of the same for years to come. Well, thank goodness that Pixar appears to have lost some of its business sense, and made a film that's like nothing we'd expect, except in its quality. - That WAll- E is such a triumph sets a new precedent for Pixar. If they are to stick their necks out with a film that veers from their
comfort zone and pays great dMdends - assuming it's the hit it deserves to be at the box them This an unqualified success, means that a simple buddy comedy, even one as intelligently and expertly crafted as Ratatouille, might seem unambitious as a follow-up. We'll now expect surprise as well as delight. You've raised the bar, Pixar: now jump it again.
1 The writer implies that the decisioA to make WALL-E was taken A in response to criticisms of previous Pixar films. B because Pixar could afford to take such a financial risk. for reasons other than to satisfy the demands of the market. o in an attempt to produce a film of a higher quality than usual.
©
2 In the second paragraph, the writer suggests that Pixar A may find it difficult to make a film as good as WALL.E again. @) need to maintain a high level of originality in their next film. may be risking too much with films that are so artistically experimental. o should put all their efforts into making a sequel to WALL-E.
e
27
PART 1
To become an actor, stage manager, (echnician, designer or director takes nOl
talent but dedication, commitment, energy and lime. All our srudenlS work long hours and most discover physical, mental and emotional reserves they never knew they possessed. The rewards are great - the mastery of a craft. the confidence of self-expression,
the sense of being a vital part of something bigger than yourself - but they may nor come quickly. Our students frequentlv auain overnight fame. but Ih:u is nOl~ our goal: we W'.ml our graduates stIli to be applving their RADA-training long after they have left us.
We've been training first class theatre-makers for over a hundred years, but we haven't stopped inquiring how we can do it better. Our teachers draw upon their experience of the past and present to give our students the expertise to shape the drama of tomorrow. We cannOt give you the deSire to be the best in your field, if you have il, our slaff will help you nurture, focus and refine it.
3 It is hoped that RADA students will A focus on discovering who they are rather than attaining success.
B achieve success quickly and maintain it long-term. avoid valuing the attainment of success above everything else. D develop a persistent determination to succeed no matter what.
©
4 What is the writer emphasising in the third paragraph? A the drive and ambition necessary for students to succeed B the pride the school takes in its achievements the school's belief in personal and professional development o the qualities necessary to become a skirted actor
©
28
.:
Test 2
Chicken Shed Ten years ogo, researching 0 feature for a Sunday newspaper, I sow the only piece of drama I've ever seen which achieved whot many would argue Is the theatre's ultimate ambition: to change profoundly the way we look at the world. The play, The Attraction, was a muslcalloose/y
based on the myth of Beauty and the Beast wrttten and performed by 0 then little-known outfit coiled Chicken Shed. It would be dishonest to pretend that the commission filled me wfth glee. Chicken Sheet I was
P'JrrxxtsP
briefed, was 0 theatre company thot to futly-lntegrote the disabled and able- ' \ bodied, and The Attraction was their biggest project so for. To be truthful, I expected, at best, a
®
pooffy-wrttten, poorty-perfooned piece of community theatre; and , at worst. on excruclotion / which patronised the disabled by affecting to Include them In on activity from which their bodies prevented them playing any more than a purely passive role.
What I sow thot night was something guile different. something so extraordinary
,hot to this dOy".®
I con remember not Just the plOt. the performers and even some of the tunes, but also how I felt - on oddly complex cocktail of emotions ranging from astonishment. wistfulness and a sense of heightened humUity to extreme excitement. surging optimism and sheer joy.
5 Why was the writer unenthusiastic about seeing the performance? A He didn't believe such an amateur company could pull it off successfully. B He had been previously disappointed by community theatre. C He believed it would be too difficult to judge it by normal criteria. @ He didn't believe it could achieve what the theatre company claimed.
6 The writer suggests that the performance ultimately A proved the experts wrong regarding the ambition of theatre. B provoked in him feelings of confusion and self-doubt. far exceeded his personal expectations. o caused him to feel ashamed of himself.
©
29
PART 2
Ch"""1
You are going to read an extract from a magazine article. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (7-12). There is one extra paragraph you do not need to
HERE BE DRAGONS There is a dragon in the lavatory. It is a gianl: nine feet long and broad shouldered, with its dark, scaly head. It is drinking from the bowl and [urns in a series of lumbering movements towards me, ils forked tongue stabbing al tbe air. It is staring at me through tiny, reptile eyes; I am biting my lip to check I'm still awake. After travelling for three days,l have had my first experience of a Komodo dragon, in a Third World public convenience.
E 'Tpe adults take longer to arrive, trundling out of the forest in a slow swagger. The dragons rely on their highly toxic saliva to kiU their prey, and as they waddle towards the kitchen, strings of drool dribble from their dinosaur jaws.
le I
B
And so tbey drink from the lavatory instead, It is an incongruous, but sensational sigbt. Now all but confined to the tiny neighbouring islands of Komodo and Rinca, the 2.500 remaining dragons are like _f)_ouam from another era, living fossils in the weirdest, most wonderful sense.
A "Over here!~ shouts the ranger. ~In the bushes, quick! ~ He is standing in the shadow of a smaU copse, with a gigantic dragon an arm's length in fron t of him and his heavy wooden stick braced defensively berween them. It is lying motionless in the pool of shade, but its eyes are as cold as an arctic gale, and its body is tense. As J lean forward to take a photograph, 1 feel like I'm staring down the muzzle of a gun· and I'm loving every minute of it.
30
110 I
c
L._~.L-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- - ' Not only this. but it can also be very treacherous.
~I
heard
about large rcrries being sucked under here,· says a German backpacker. "There was no warning, they were just dragged down by the currents and swallowed up." It doesn't sound like good news, but all the same we sit on deck in the sunshine, watching as Komodo slides past our bows.
o As we settle down uDder turquoise skies 10 watch the dragons, every bumpy minute of the journey seems
worthwhile. AJlhough protected by the Komodo National Park, Rinca and Komodo are under pressure. The islands' human population has increased 800 per cent in the last six decades and poaching of some of the dragons' favourite prey is putting the giant reptiles in peril. Once stranded al the ends of the earth, tbe Komado dragon must increasingly compete with humans, and the outcome is far from certain.
G t serious. however, and within an hour, we are a ard Ihe liule plane, buzzing back west towards the burger bars of Bali. It is 9am, and somewhere, 30,OOO-feet below, the dragons a re once again following the smell of frying eggs to a group of tourists.
-
Test 2
........................."............................................................................................ ~EXam tip Iwv hOU(3 latcr and we are standing al Iht, liummit of a hilI overlooking the IUnger station and the pretty bay our hlMI is moored in. Up here, the giant u'ptilcs are never far away. They lie in wlt;1 for water buffalo. the dragons' luvt)urite prey, and strike with breakneck ' IH:ed when they stray within range .
'Wc don't feed them, but they come duwn here every morning anyway," says the ranger. ~Even uwe did share our 1\ltxJ, the big ones weigh 70kg and can (;,1 80 per cent of their body weight in a ~l l1 glc sitting - it's not like an omelette's ~\l ing to satisfy them." !l,e journey from tl.!.~ frenetic streets of Kut8 in Bali began three days earlier, in the back of a coughing bus. Rinca and Kumodo are best reached from the large, n:mote island of Flares - where, it was revealed this week, archaeologists ill.scovered the skele tal remains of linle humans. For 21st-century Homo sapiens, tht! slow trip east i(i)am~of four huses and three ferries.
tropical air. The young dragons, jumpy and excitabl~barely a foot long, have already been attracted by the cooking smells, and dart betwee n trees as they close in on the ranger station. F Named Flores (which means 'flowers') by the Portuguese who once settled here, this wild, volcanic island is one of Indonesia's most spectacular. Rundown Labuhanbajo is little more than a chaotic mishmash of wood and tin, but its setting, around a dramatic bay filled with islets, is absolutely stunning.
After reading the incomplete text, look carefully at the information which comes before and after each gap. Pay special attention to words which refer to people, time and places.
G Back on Flares, the buses east are bumpier than ever. But by the time we have checked into a hotel room in the eastern town of Maumere, with a plane ticket back to Bali on the bedside table, we feel like we have returned to the 21 st century. But there is one final reminder that we are at the untamed end of the modern worl"d;.~w~a~;t~;n~ggl;O~,~~~~ back to BaIi, ~
Wc dock in a liny cove on Rinca's northern shore, a postcard setting as evocative of prehistoric times as a trip thro ugh Jurassic Park. Rinca is the ~ maller of the dragons' two island habitats, but chances of seeing the re ptiles here are higber. Only a handful of tourists visit tbe island, and we have the ranger station 10 ourselves, with an invitation 10 breakfast thrown in. I': It is breakfast time on the tiny
Indonesian island of Rinca, and the sme ll of frying em hangs in the soggy
31
PART 3 You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 13-19 choose the answer (A , S, C or D) which you fhink best according to the text.
Who's that girl? Actress Gina McKee , the star of Donmar's 'lvanov: is nothing like the women she portrays. Alice J ones meets her.
3
Elegant, alabaster4pale and with a measured murmur of a voice, Gina McKee is, initially at least, regally mysterious. But every so often you catch a chi nk in the aClresSs calm exterior. More than once she breaks orr from one of her thoughtfully evasive: answers to say, with a strong hint of a Geordie aca:nt, "blether, bletherD or '" don't want to sound \00 posh .. ~. When I walk into her opu lent hotel suite, she is standing looking mulitatively out of the window In a neat purple cardigan, knee-length black silk skin and ballet pumps, bUl, as she turns, she crams a biscuit into her mouth and mumbles hello Ihrough a mouthful of crumbs. Lau=r, when there is a knock at the door, she leaps up to open it and sprints girlishly down the corridor.
This ability to combine a star qualhy with that of a down-toeanh every woman in her penonnances, which oITet only the mildest of hints at the emotion swi rling beneath a coolly restrained sunace, have made McKee. one of Britain's most respected actresses. McKee's first Chekhov role in Ivanov pits her opposite Kenneth Branagh as the tubercular wife of Ivanov (Branagh), Anna's physical and mental health disintegrates as her husband indulges in a mid-life crisis. ·Somebody asked me at work, 'is this the first Chekhov play you've done?' And I (f4l nearly said 'nu I don't even know wh)( she admits. You can see '"'<. wh)\ though. McKtt and Chekhov would seem to be a match made In heaven - all wan suffering and overwrought emotions bubbling under the sunace. So does all this repressed emotion burst out of her when she stops working? " I was IlIming Mike Le:igh's Naked and I was really immersed in it. I went to a dinner pan)' and one of my friends asked, 'do you nOI bring it home with you?' 1 said, 'no' and, at exactl y the same time, my husband said 'yes: She smiles ruefull y, As a rule, McKee likes to keep the boundaries strictly drawn between home and work. Of her husband, she says vaguely; -He's been in the industry but he's nOI now. What's great is that he understands how it works:' She's aware that she has previously come across as frosti ly guarded on (f5) personal matters. ~There's a way of negotiating how you "" nra our rivale life ublicl that I've never had the . to do ~ she confesses. "In the be innin I was sli hll clums about it.~ Far from being a precocious child star, as a teenager McKee spotted a poster for a youth drama workshop in a shop window an;t joined up. She was spoiled by a TV scout and
32
•
landed a pan on the child ren's show Quest of Eagles in 197 On leaving school. McKee was all sella sludy Iheatredesign:J art college. kBu t at the eleventh hour I gOl on a midnight bu to London.~ There, she applied to and was re' ted b th drama schools- Bristol Lamda and Central. "To be fair Central said come back next year. when you're 18. But by the time I was 18, I was working. I think those three schools recognised that 1 wasn'l going to settle down there:, Maybe it wou ld have helped. I was a bit on the back foot -I wasn't very good about advertising myself. 11 was a slow bum," Slow bum or nOl, she soon landed partS in Auf Wiedersehen, Pet and Inspector Morse and eventually Our Friends in the North, with a cast including Daniel Craig. In her Safts-winning turn as Mal): McKee aged from 181052. Now 'loi years old, does ageing concern her? "No. It's great being in your forties. 1 feel like I've got enough history to learn from and enough fU lure 10 enjoy." That said, when I ask her later about one of her credits on the movie websiLe IMDb, she launches inLO a good-humoured rant. "They've got my age wrongll'm younger than , halo 1 was born in 1964, nOt 1961 . I don't think I've got anyone else's 01. But l 've gOt somebody else's age. One of my agents tried to change it and they won't - I suppose they think every actress is trying to pretend they're younger. .... So having worked with prelty much every Sign ificant name in
British film , does Gina McKee hankerahera Hollywood career, like that of her erstwhi le colleague Cra ig? "I'm ch uffed to bits for But it's nOt an obvious
. i
i
i not I to stay for school and all thaLBut the whole big-time Hollywood thing. it's incredibly unlikely. isn't itr
Would she feel adrift in LA, away from her Northern rootS? McKee thinks hard for a moment before giving a t ical1 ambiguous answer. "where 1 grew up in the Nonh-easl, the community there, and the way people relate to one another, goes very deep. But I don't define myself as a Northerner in that I don't live in the North, So what does that make me?" she ponders. ~ I suppose I'm a bit of everything, like a \\bolwonhs picn'mix."
.
Ixom~ Alllrst read only the !lllftbllons , without 11 .. options. This will , Ittlp you to read
muro effectively 11111"
Test 2
13 What is the writer emphasising about the actress in the first paragraph? A her manner of speaking B her serious, contemplative air C her graceful, elegant appearance
@ her contradictory charaC1eristics 14 In the second paragraph, we learn that Gina McKee A always plays the same kind of character.
® h!ls the perfect QlJalities for her Cl !repnt role. C is very ordinary behind her facade. D is quickly rising to unexpected stardom. 15 What point does the writer make about the actress' personal life?
® It is a difficult topic of discussion for her.
B Her husband sometimes cannot empathise with her. e She appears somewhat cold and Insensitive on the subject.
o It is something she refuses to talk about publicly. 16 It is implied that when Gina McKee was trying to start her acting career, A others didn't believe she would make il.
® the odds seemed stackecj against her. e she almost gave up several times. o she did all the wrong things.
17 When talking about her age, Gina McKee reveals that A others are more concerned about it than she is. B she is often encouraged to pretend that she is younger.
@) others may believe that she is uncomfortable with il, o her career could be affected by it being wrongly reported. 18 When the writer asks Gina McKee about her Mur@
rationj)he says that
A she is willing to make personal sacrifices for the sake of her career.
® she is open to possibilities without having unrealistic expectations. e
she is keener to fulfill personal ambitions than to achieve greater success.
o she is detennined to prove wrong those who have tried to put limitations on her. 19 Gina McKee's answer to the writer's final question
® could be interpreted in more than one way.
B doesn't necessarily reflect her true feelings. e failed to answer her question adequately. o changes her original impression of her.
33
PART 4
Exam~ Don't waste time reading the whole
text several times in detail. Read once
You are going to read an article about the results of a review writing competition. For questlc 20-34, choose from the section (A-H) . The sections may be chosen more than once. Note: When more than one answer Is required, these may be given in any order.
Which lectlon of t he article mentions
reViews of one genre unexpectedly having something In
common?
carefully, then try to
loom in on what
the fact that an entrant may have a bright future as a writer?
answers the questions.
an overall satisfaction with reviews in a category? an observation made by an entrant that was overlooked by others?
I 20 I D
I2 1 I F I
I23 I C
an Initial uncertainty regarding how to spot quality entries?
I24 IA
the necessity of critics maIntaining a persistent approach?
I 25 I A
a wor1< which was considered together with wider factors
I 26 I G
that relate to it? an entrant who showed passion for a genre and such tasks?
I 27 I F
the fact thet entrants paid attontlon to an Impof1ant suggestion? 1 28 1 B
the fact that sometimes reviews that writers have tried to perfect do not stand out in the end? an entrant who won only after a debate between Judges? an entry prol/Oklng a Judge's Inte",st in a work despite the fact he or she wasn't familiar with it?
131 1 D 11 32 1 H
an appreciation of • review, despite the fact thet there were many reviews of the same work?
1 33 1 E
the fact that a judge was pleased by an obseNaHon made by some entrants?
. •
,
34
I 30 I c
I 34 I B
try this at home Balman, booting lokes, the sound of dying werewolves Ihe tnlries (0 our young critics tt.
competition
wen'
full 01 surprises. AJ1S etiuor'
Melissa Denu n!W.'ols who won.
A Wben
we launched our young critics
6?l competition this summer, we weren't. ~ entirely
~
sure what we were after. After all. what makes a great piece of criticism and a really persuasive critic? We started by asking our own writers to explain, in 400 words. what they were doing d&,y in, day out. Even they weren't sure. Nancy BanksSmith, TV critic for nearly 40 years, wrote: "Anvbody who can write can be a TV critic ror 8 month. Af't.er that. you need stamina." Adrian Scarle, our art critic, said there was really only one rule: "Look, look armin. and keep on looking. If you don't like looking, don't write about art.. There were eight categories, split into two age groups: under 14 and 14-18.
C Judges
A1exis Petridie and Lauren Laverne were united on the 14-18 pop winner: Hannah Ehrlicb, 15, who reviewed SpirituaJized" Songs in A&E. Petridis ~~ thought she'd spotled something the / professionals missed: that Spiritua.lized's focus on drugs and redemption was anotber fonn of "macho hedonism". In the tm under.14s, thE' judw argued about what? they were looking for. but our winner was 13,yearoQld Robert Hardy's review of the Big Gig in Bromley, London - because, said Lavcme, "it'. got spirit",
was a surprisingly cynical tone to the J9 B Artist Gavin Turk, who belped judge Lhe D There TV reviews but also a lot ofspritely writing.
visual art category, was delighted by the popularity of Martin Creed's Work No 850, in which athletes sprint. through Tate ~ Britain. He liked how you found the ? humour in it, noticing that people giggled Offi as the runners went by, And you aH G:..... seemed to heed SearIe'sadvice. You looked and looked again -at Vivienne Westwood's ball gown, at Tratey Emin', short filmI. Our winner was Tim Davies, 16. who wrote vividly about the roofl.op boat.ing lake at the Hayward gallery's Psycho '••-Buildings show in London.
Olivia McCarthy, 12, won for her review of 8BC2's Thames Shipwrecks; in the older group, Nancy BanbSmith felt IB-year-old Annie Hodson', take on &ris Johnson's Who Do You Think You Are? was "amusing and readable - way ahead of the others", Fellow judge David Attenborough agreed: tifI her voice was strong enough to make him? think about the programme, he said. even though he hadn't seen it.
35
PART 4
DB try this at home E
Heath Ledger's brilliantly evil Joker caught. ,the imagination of our young f'um critics. Seamus ConJon, 18, won for bis review of The Dark Knight.: -re Burton's Batman; he wrote, -Jack Nicholson did a very good job of being Jack Nicholson. Here Ledger completely destroys everything of Nicholsoo's clown.· While director Beeban Kidron tf.b and critic Peter Bradshaw grumbled ~about the sheoer number of Batman reviews. lhey f."njoyed Seamus's close reading of the pple. In the older age grouP. 16·year-old Ellie Wh.ittaker's review of Mamma Mia! took ftrSt. place. Bradshaw found Ellie the funniest writer - crucial when it. comes to a film, as EUie put it, ·whose storyline IS constructed solely around the bits of a shiny spandexclad 70s band from Sweden·.
F In the classical music category, judge Myleene Klass thought Kathryn Buckley's review of the CBSO Youth t.i'1) Orchestra showed -maturity - she has ~ fantastic potential-, But she was outvoted by Guardian critics Tom Service, Erica Jeal and Andrew Clements, who plumped for Ben WeaverHincks' review of an EM! recording of Stabat Mater. In the dance category. Amelia Tearle's review of Romeo and Juliet at the Royal Opera House &to. triumphed. "She clearly loves the ballet ~ and enjoys writing,~ said judge and choreographer Richard Alston of Ameli.. ..,00 16.
36
G Our judges found something to like in...@ ewrv architecture review. The pme went to Louise Naylor, 16, for her piece about Leeds Market: ~detailed c::arvings of dragons and dates, still meticulous, having braved the acid rain~. Both Jonathan Glancey and Zaha Hadid ~ admired the wav Louise's wrilingP -meandered through the building" while still placing it in its larger context...
H Shakespeare
dominated theatre. Magdalen Christie, 12, won for her review ofTimon of Athens at tlle Globe. ta Playwright Rov Williams didn't know? the plav ~but Magdalen made me curious-. In the older category, the winner was 17-year.old Tilly Spencer's review of Hamlet at Stratford-uponAvon. Our critic Miebael Billington praised her ~good descriptions of the tlU\iOr performance6-. What did we learn? That first. and last lines are bard, however old you are.. That ·incredible· and "amazing" are a dead end when it. comes to getting to t.he heart of what makes something wonderful. 6Q That the best reviews aren't always the.,Ft' most polished: wherever you bad fun, we had fun, too. It's been an adventure. Let's do it all
again nexLyear. And remember: keep 00
looking.
Test 2
PART 1
(1 hour 30 mins)
You must answer this question. Write your answer in 180-220 words in an appfopriate style.
1 ,1\". sure you read ,1111111 information 11.,.." 10 you in the ,+till of lists, notes
Last summer you had a job with an intemabonal company that promotes films. Your friend Eddy has written to you asking about it. Read the extract from your friend's letter and from your diary below. Then, using the information appropriately, write a letter to your friend saying whether or not you would recommend the job to your friend and giving your reasons.
" ,lOmments, as ,..... form the basis
f·" your answer. The ... ~ wNt do 'I"" thi.lo? ~ thi"5-1 ""'''' .-t ;.; n, ~ Ioo.k of I\<-W film<; .od ~ ....&" c-09I foY • holiJo,. I'd >ko r- n, ~ '"'1
'I tn of language ... tttl ln presenting t.. Information ),,,un will help you 11",,!de how formal .. If,formal your I,,_wer shou ld be.
~io;h .od ff'+ ~ ~I
.
"""*- ~eo= of the. ~ ti.....
~
e e e
6thjuly Nm: a Im: to do. Sat around answering the phones all day. TIle onlY exciting thing was getting to run up and down the stairs to deliver a few mps mge5 9thjuly Things are improving. Got to see some new films on the OffIce OVD p/Qyer. Even got to speak to an American film director on the phone! 13thjuly Got paid today. The money isn't bad but 1 need to spend less by making my own sandwiches and walking to work.
e
19th july Great day. Got invited on an all-expenses-paid trip to the Venice Film Festimll
Write your letter. You do not need to include postal addresses.
37
PART 2
Exam
Tiinr~
In order to write 8 report or a proposal, you will need to use
relevant vocabul8!Y. You need to use straightforward. formal language and wnte In 8n
,
Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer In 220-260 In an appropriate style.
w4
2 A friend of yours has applied for a job as an activities coord1Oator at 8 summer cam~ children and you have been asked to provide a reference. The advertisement for th stated that the SI 'OCeSsful candidates would have relevant skills 10 offer in the Bte sport. music or the performing arts (drama. dance ate) as well as haVIng ex organisaUonaJ skills You should include Information about your friend's personality, character and skills' j relevant previous experience and reasons why you woukt recommend them for the
Impersonal tone. Write your re'erence.
3 You are entering an essay-writing competition. You must wnte an essay wrth the I 'Many schools today are Investing heavily In new technology. How important do you ttthis is?'
Write your essay.
4 You work part·tlme at a sports centre and have received this memo from your boss
n....
...
I\( 'I''' ""....., "'" .,.'" \«.0 , ~ dO'Df i. ~if ~ ;rlth&~. I _kI k ~, if 'JO" ...kI....nn. ... , ....,..t ..tfi.i~
beli........ th& ~~ .od _~ of th& ~. Plea«- ~ wh>t th& ~ 'blj . - - f..- th& dO'Df i. ~if wh>t
'JO"
.... .od <>~ ~ale ""'1' '" ""'" -fj,~ rh,...·
Write your report.
5 Answer one of the following two questions based on one of the books you have read" (8) Choose one character in the book and write an easey comparing the relatlonshl~ he/she has with two other people In the book.
(b) Write an article based on an imaginary InteMew with one of the characters from lt1 book for B magazjne.
, 38
Test 2 (1 hour)
PART 1
am Ti-r":;' ..m ~ being tested, • !or structural ~n, I~e prepositions, kAl t\l'e needed to loOt the meaning _~ the situation.
For questions 1~12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or 0) best fits each gap. There Is an example at the beginning (0) .
o A endure
Example,
8 experience
© suffer
o bear
IL..:0:...LI_--=c_--LI===.o'-'==-.JI
DIAGNOSING DYSLEXIA "Ilproximately five per cent of the population till .. _~.f!t!.'!..t:. ... from dyslexia. The (1) .....0:«.(.{.2.~ . of the disorder is unknown and il i~ (2) .co..rn.J.11.p.J.1Jrgund In people of olhe~ normaJ, }nlcUcctWJI abilit/. The
nmdilion is (3) .. f)r.Lta.r..~ .~l1. a~VSevere reading
Mficullies. with dyslcxics frequently confusing tellers or W1'rds. They may. {or example, read ~fjwrile letters. words uf5Cnlences in the wrong (4) •....
.o.r.ft1.!.C........ Although
Ihe problem can be (5) .. ,Q.J/.l.rC:Q..m :i--with intensive Ithlruction, sufferers usually continue 10 read and write poorly throughout tbeir lives. I'ruditionally, diagnosis has been mad~ b1.leading experts, ,.,hlch means that man~J (6) .. ca:.?5.9.......... are not tnrmally (7) .. 1J.L.~K.!.k!...fd. .P ntil a child is around len ~CUr5 of age. ~ow. however, a group of psychologists in the United States believe that they have found a way of Identifying in their first days of life children who will
® cause
develop dyslexi" ._This is cx5itin,.news as early identification and (8) .. ..J.nK.fY..O:1h:.f..r.I. make early instruction possible, perhaps avoiding later problems altogether. The research learn has identified (9) ..... differences between the brain ( 10) .....w..
I/:.ih.:.n.td::..
............ .
C result
0 explanation
C customarily
0 actually
B distinguished
C marked
0 Identified
4 A arrangement
B series
C sequence
5 A defeated
B surpassed
1 2
3
A naturally
® characterised
6 A instances 7
® picked up
B reason ®commonly
®
cases
B noted down
@overcome
® order 0 conquered
C times
0 occurrences
C shown up
0 puldown
8 A interference
B Intrusion
@ IntelVenlion
0 recognition
9 A frank
B evident
©dlstinct
0 precise
C pulse
0 signal
C followed
0 Inspected
C outset
0 origins
10 A pace 11
® monitored
12 A beginnings
@wave B viewed @Infancy
,
3!
PART 2
Exam
n~ '-~
For questions 13--27. read the text below and think of the word whlcn oes! ms eacn gap. 'i only one word in each gap. There Is an example at the beglnmng (0). I
Anumbet' 01 the
missing words are
Example:
LI0:....LI_=BO =-T,-,H':"""'.J..I= =.0",=",,-,1
usually prepositions
or articles.
VISITING THEANTARCTIC At present, the easiest
way to
(0 )
•.
b.9..t!1 .•..
see and experience the Antarctic is by ship. Tourists travel, eat and sleep on the sh;p and are normally landed via innatable boalS.( l J) .. _.... " .. ~.tliD. .... .... vanoos locations (Of a few hours. This has the added advantage (14) ..•.•• .•.9,f ......••. __. limiting the t"OVironmental impact of tourism in the region. Usually, tourists stop at two or three sites a day, dependent (15) ..............QO... ,....... weather conditions. Ships departing (rom southern South America typically concentrate (16) ...... ,......9.0. .............. activities around the Antarctic P!piosuJi, in the west. (1 7) ............ wJtb ............. ils "buning nf wildlife, c;eeCiacu'w w orry and concentration of scientific r~earch stations. On the other hand, visits to East Antarctica are limited (18) ............. JQ .............. ships from Australia and New Zealand. All voyages, regardless of (19) .......... .f.l1!#ir............. point of origin, (20) .......... m.p.~fL......... use of visits to sub-Antarctic islands en·route in order 10 break the voyage. There is also a growing trend to provide 'lid ' such ~ sea-kayaking. scuba-diving, overnight stays ashore and brief • . ! II I \ in. mountaineering ex pod'l' I Ions to afasc .• ¥-I . ............ t h e more adventurous. The only (22) ........... 9.1.b.@l.. ......... possibility is to travel by air. Mountain climbers. skiers, trekkers and (23) ._ ,_...~~~!'L.... "... ordinary tourists fly from Chile to a summer camp in Patriot Hills. from here, flights are made to a variety of places for mountain climbers and to localions (24) ..ft~9tJ9/.~t9..l:I.m!. .. the southern coasts, (25) .......... w.tUW~ .......... tourists can see penguin coIontes. (26) ....~Itt1.QM9fL_ ... costs are high, ~ ; ·illllriIi!il. are tailored to (2n ~uitlmee.t1yfJucIJJJ.1e .·s. specifIC requirements. w
40
.... . . .
Test 2 I PART 3 I
.om
Tin r-~
•Ia from both
For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits the gap in the same line. There is an example at the
beginning (0) .
.",Ience and 'nlll OS a whole if 11 fuutor or a plural
Example,
I 0 IPROBLEMATIC I
=0=
lIuntled
HllOce travel is actually a lot more CO) .. P.fR~/f!.'!J.~~~f? ... than we assume; for example, wlluld you sleep inside a(n) (28) .....ioflat«t?I~..... hllllooo? That, in essence, is what astronauts at the It,lernational Space Station' could be doing in the not too distant future. ~'nced with the problem of less than (29) .... ~p..~r#.QJ!!L .. living and working compartr:nents, ins:enious Hcien~ists ~e up wit~ 8(n) (!JO) ...C{mtrO.v.er.Slal... . ifranSlt HabitatiOn Module IS made from (31) ....... .fIIXible........ wtich, whe,: packed up, can fit snugly inside the space shuttle for 32) tr.an.$polfatJ.Qo . When it is fma11y I>osilioned in space, it expands like a balloon la double its volume. Woven rrom the same (33) ... y.~g~~.~~~9.~~ .... fibres that are used to make ~r, worn by police officers and soldiers, the modules are strong enough to withstand most space (34) .... (;.QIIi.$i.Clf.l.$. .... . Folding floors and walls lock into position to provide instant (35) ..~~.~g!J.l.m.Q.g!!.t~gn .. . Sleeping quarters are double-walled, and the gaps are filled with water. This protects (36) .. m.IJ~9.!'~.IJ~.~... from radiation as weU as keeping the noise to II (37) .... m.io/mum .... . The final module is amazing - tt; S"HiM . of space technology. -
newtaea. 'ire
(:triP
INFLATE
SPACE CONTROVERSY FLEX TRANSPORT
BREAK
ACCOMMODATE INHABIT
41
PART 4
Exam ~ Oon't worry If you don't know all three meanings of the word. If you're sure of one or two It's probably the right word for the third as wall.
For questions 38-42 think of one word only which can be used appropriately In all sentences. Here ls an example (0).
I
o She commented that it was about ...... J{m.~ ........ she started helping more arG the house. People's eating habits have drastically changed over ...... J!m.~ ........ We took ...... J!m.~_
Example:
o
.
... _... to stop and admire the view on our journey_ TIME
= 0=1
f.m.........
38 Sarah badly ......... her leg while scrambling over the rocks. TIm wanted to get home quickly so he took a short ......... g.'!.f......... across tli field. I need to lose weight so I'm going to •........ ~~......... down on desserts.
39 The charity hopes to ........f.~.~~.f!. ....... a lot of money to help their cause. I was a difficult child and it wasn't easy for my parents to ....... r.~!~!!........ me. It is believed they will soon be able to ...... ..t:~!~~ ....... the Titanic from th ocean bed.
I
40 It was a ..... J9Y.9f:L .... decision but I finally sold my sports car. I'm sorry, I can't eat this steak ; it's too .......t~!!ll!L .... . Don' t worry about the toy; it's very ..... J~!!.9!J. ...... and won't break. 41 An appeals court ruled that it hadn't been a ....... ..f.i!.~~......... trial. She has a beautiful ........ .f.~JL ....... complexion. It's ••..... ..f.~~L ...... to say that food prices are on the increase. 42 With the buses ..... r!:mf.1.~r.9.
.... every ten minutes, it won't be a problem gettin'!;
there on time .
....~y.r:!~.~t:t.S1. ... a successful business requires a
lot of determination.
Sam waited with the engine ... .Jy.o.nlO'9..... while I popped into the post OffiCE to buy some stamps.
42
PARTS
IMumJ!RS? 'hll IIOolnnin9 of 'I .. "I)(lond ,'hilce will Ifl1ltlhnes help
'Iul ltclde what 1l1t1 IlIro Is used 'If
For questions 43-50 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (O).
o
He always gives the impression that he's very confident. ACROSS He always .................................................................................. very confident.
1111010 gap. Example:
o
COMES ACROSS AS BEING
=
0 =
43 These vegetables can go off if you leave them out of the fridge. TENDENCY
These vegetables ..............n.CJ."!(f#. . f!.J~mt.~{JJ.;yJQ.............. go off if you leave them out of the fridge. 44 He continued by saying how happy he was to see us all there. WENT He .............. ~~ntgn. ~9.. ~.c;ty. ................ that he was happy to see us all there. 45 He didn't forget any of his lines on stage. ONCE Not .................. ..(~'f.~!J.J..;f!.t?~. ~~~..':'.~. t~r.9~.~
.................... his lines on stage.
46 UOon't go near the water, " Tina told her daughter. WARNED Tina ................. ~~rr..~~ t:r.~r..~~.l:'.g.':'.,~t!J.t;?!..~~.... .............. go near the water.
..
47 He usually makes a lot of spelling mistakes in his essays. PRONE
;s 1:".nrone to making . ta k es In . h·IS essays. He ............. •...•...•••..•••.••••.• .••• ••..••• •.• •• a 10t 0 f spe 11·Ing mls 48 He eventually accepted his divorce. TERMS He eventually .......................C?~P.~. ~9.. ~~.r!!."!~ ..~!.(t:! ........................ his divorce. 49 Mary phoned before leaving home in case they had cancelled the meeting. CALLED In case the meeting ............... ~.~.r!.. !?r;;~f!. .~~.~~r;;~ .~!!. ................. , Mary phoned before leaving home. 50 lucy doesn't mind whether she goes to France or Italy as long as she goes on holiday. DIFFERENCE It makes ..... !J.~ ..r!.W~~~.t:'.~.f:! ~~ ~~t?y ....... whether she goes to France or Italy
.. ..
as long as she goes on holiday.
43
PAPER 4 - LISTENING
PART 1
Exam~ Answer all questions. Never leave a blank. You may nol be sure of the correct answer but you might have understood more than you think.
. . _. -"
(Approximately 40 minutes)
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A. B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
1 EXTRACT 1
You hear a woman telling a friend about her encounter with a snake while she was on holiday. What did the woman do to avoid the risk of being bitten by the snake? A She followed advice she'd heard .
"
fA' cl
B She trusted her first instinct. C She made a noise to scare it away.
2 How does she feel about her response to the incident? A annoyed with herself for being frightened
B proud of the way In which she reacted
Cl
ng1.
Nt 5
0"
C disappointed that she had not tried to kill the snake
EXTRACT 2
You hear two friends talking about their gap year experiences.
6) 3
Sarah didn't go to India because A she didn't feel she could cope with the living conditions there. B she didn't meet the requirements for the project there.
C she decided the project in Africa was more suitable for her.
4
How did Paul feel before he went to South America? A worried about his parents' attitude towards him going B hesitant about going so far away from home C confident about the benefits of taking a gap year
4
I2 I B
EXTRACT 3 You hear a student and a professor discussing an essay the student wrote.
5 What do the student and the professor disagree about regarding the essay? A the accuracy of the argument
15 I c I
B the way the argument is presented
C the lack of evidence supporting the argument.
v'
6 What is the student's attitude towards his essay after talking with the professor? A He stili has a higher opinion of it than the professor.
B He sees it as a learning experience. 11 C He teffis less disappointed about it
Is I B
now.
45
PART 2
Exam
You will hear the commander of an emergency response team tafk to his team In preparation for a rescue situation. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Ti~r''''>
Before listening , read through the set of sentences and think about the type of information that is misslng. Remember that most answers will
be nouns or very short noun groups e.g. adjective plus noun. According to Initial lnfannation about the earthquake, the most damage
I.
and victims are on the LI_____e_B_s_t_sl_d_e_ _ _ _ _ _ _I_7 L J
During the night, authorities have been trying to find and help victims and to make sure routes to
' -_ _ _ _ h_O_Sp_ft_B_'_S_ _ _ _ _--11_8...J1 are clear. The command9f' emphasises the importance or opening a command post within
60/sllC/y
minutes
He says that the location of special relief '--_ _ _ _ _t_e_n_ts_ _ _ _ _ _ _.L11_0...J1 needs to be decided on as soon as possible.
The commander Informs the team that all evacuations will be carried out by a
specla'
teBm
111
I.
He says that LI_____ h_e_fi_co-'p:...t_e_'_s_ _ _ _ _--'-11_2...J1 will help rescue those who we serious!y injured.
The team is Instructed to report actions they have taken and their
results
The commander stresses that during the rescue operation.
46
1131 to avoid problems as much as possible. t_e_B_m_w_o_'k______.L11_4...J1 is the key to doing a good )ob
c l_ _ _ _ _
•
---Tesl2 .
PART 3
Exom ~ Read just the questIons. Ignoring !he answer options, before listening the first time. Listen for the answer In the script, then try to match this to the closest option.
You will hear part of a radio Interview with Judy Simpkins who works with Northbrook Children's Theatre. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A. e , C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
15 What initially attracted Judy to the acting life? A her many enjoyable childhood visits to the theatre 8 her parents' positive tales of working in the theatre business
© her observation of some actors' colourfullifestyte o her desire to travel and avoid a conventional work routine 16 Why didn't Judy leave her previous job sooner? A She was waiting to hear whether she had got into drama school. @ She wanted to finish something she was involved in there first. C It took time for her to realise she had chosen the wrong career. D Her mind was focused on preparing for a local theatre production. 17 Why did Judy prefer playing secondary roles to lead roles? A There was a greater choice of roles close to home. @ She really didn't enjoy being the focus of attention. C She found them generally a more rewarding experience. D They were easier to get but still paid adequately. 18 How did Judy feel about becoming a director? A grateful for the opportunity to try something new B unenthUSiastic about taking on more responsibility resigned to making the best of a bad situation D anxious about her ability to do the job well
©
19 Regarding her present production, what is Judy particularly pleased about?
® the attitude of the cast members B the originality of the script C the cooperation between cast members D the energetic atmosphere at rehearsals 20 According to Judy, what is one advantage of working with child actors? A They always do exactly what she tells them to. B They work very hard as they always want to be the best. C They are generally more enthusiastic than adults. Their main concern is the success of the production.
@
47
PART 4
Exam ~ The speakers may not use the same words as in the questions. Usten for
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about using differ ent modes
of transport. While you lislen you must complete both tasks.
different ways of referring to the
TASK ONE
items listed.
For questions 21-25, choose from the list (A-H) the person who is speaking
A a lorry driver B a student
Speaker 1
D
21
c
Speaker 2
A
22
0 an athlete
Speaker 3
F
23
E a scientist
Speaker 4
B
24
F a parent
Speaker 5
H
25
a photographer
G a bus conductor
H a taxi driver
TASK TWO For questions 26-30, choose from the list (A-H) what each speaker Is expressing. A
regret about the changing nature of his Of her daity interactions
B his Of her intention to try to improve a situation soon
C an antiCIpatIOn of reducing his Of her travelling time
Speaker 1
C
26 1
0 anxiety about the Mure
Speaker 2
H
271
E resignation to a situation that he or she doesn't
Speaker 3
E
28 1
Speaker 4
F
29 1
Speaker 5
A
30 1
consider ideal F enjoymef1t of a daily routine
G a reluctance to change his or her habits
H appreciatloo of an unexpected aspect of his Of her job/situation
48
Test 3 PART 1
Exam ~ These may only be short extracts but you should treat them as you would any multiple-choice comprehension and pay very close and careful attention to the text.
(1 hour 15 minutes)
You are going to read three extracts which are all concerned in some way with teaching and learning. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B , C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
. . . . , .... , • • C.....
hu...' .... ~••
Shirley Wiffiams is chair on the Teaching Awards national judging panel. She was talking to Mira Katbamna.
The things that stand out in a special teacher are enthusiasm and innovation; the teacher who talks to the pupils, not down to them. and who talks to them as people who have something to contribute. Someone w ho realises teaching is a mutual thing. and not just the handing down of knowledge from on high. We now have a very "mathematical" idea of what makes a good education. which is about how learning shows up in statistics. The Teaching Awards are about recognising and rewarding precisely not that kind of teacher. It's not about the person who goes through the obvious routine. but the one w ho brings a sense of excitement to it. I think excitement is very much at risk in education at the moment. The really good teacher is somebody who makes learni ng something challenging and fulfilling . Obviously, the national curriculum is quite a corset and
tends to limit children's innovatory capacity by being too dosety tied to tests. So what you are left with is something that is slightly stultifying. What we are looking for are tea(he~ who refuse to be stultified. .J A "'I}M .(~If:1
What I find sad is thatl.children start out all bright and shiny in primary school and then "shades of the prison-house begin to dose upon the growing boy". Inspirational,
exciting teachers - people who make pupils think "this is an exciting place to be" - are critical in breaking that cycle.
(j~~'
1 What is the writer emphasising in the first paragraph? 5 ,//VI t1} the value a teacher should place on the input of their students Cf} V1 (i 11 B the need for teachers to focus on developing students' communication skills C the importance of improving relationships between students and teachers o the benefits of teachers adopting a collaborative approach to teaching
@
ki
2 In this piece generally, the writer is communicating her concern that A there are a lack of teachers who can bring out the t>eSt in their students. the school system is stifling students' creativity and passion for learning. C the school system isn't focused enough on quantifiable results. o innovative and enthusiastic teachers are not being sufficiently rewarded.
®
,
Iv
f' .
49
PART 1
Working on your . General English / _
"'"' •
~me
/ """I'l"'l' ...."..,••-
\\hen ~!!'!I Q',," $iUs, sudI os gM,,!! • Of
- fIl&!ilil -t in
• •h<:)! are a re.ture ~ hotts 5-dt t blurriDl of !be
Th
Endsh
~ dHCfjfob bnt in mm' di\i$jms "",. ! ' ,bo,lli, tnd ~...
fnIllisb Is "".d."",!I>at _IS now
• ~~.. E..gIi'sII' """"'" '" ~ them 100' lire t i well .. - ' t. m~ «sa ",,~,~) ~ haYe - . quid to ... !!Iis ~ in dem>nd, ~!h the pmdudion 01 ...... books 01 the '&¥ish 100' w.n' -'eIy. This Is i n _ ... . . - the needs 01 the .......... ,,"" \-.ts _ bosit ~sh """'~ sIa'1Is 100' - ' t .m the business """""We """'" g<»I Is '" ..-.d the ""'...... 01 his Of .... Ies'sons ~ the '*"'" ,00000000I .......·Ots.m ~ . . . ..-.
,_Id
"""" ..-..., 01. shift in .ttitudes c.... "" ....... in "'" new """"'inations 14'1 ~ by ttrtol. ex.."...'''''' Wanls i!ll uwall»? tt.. CZ' ¥.l!jy!: by natun::.and inlr9datt nrew eXAmS oot,ythtrlbt wjtef Ms bi:f:n ~ "" '" """". c....... ftlge's _ ..... E..gIi'sII l~ &l8fisl, .m 11.....0.' i_We !hot ...,.,
"""rei.. """'"
Oertl""".... ,._ _ Oertl""""" "'"
Oertl"""",
~haYe_pI-.
:s
The ....... uses "'" pi.
.-to
" "'" tltlosiI ..... •~ .. _
" "1*IrI'irI!I cl "'" dN' · .. IS' I,1inIos ~ to
boot" ... , two ~ cl B'glisl!.
8 _ _ _ 111_' @ th!: ~ ........... cl BIQlisII..,...,..,., D th!: lad< cl .. _
""""'"" in _ _ _
i4 The _ _ _ ., ...... , ... _ _ _
"~. 8 g11ldually.
c~.
@~.
50
One Despite the outside chill, the sun was just a little too bright as it cut
across the classroom and Leab decided to pull the blinds down before the children arrived. Standing on a rather time-worn chair on a floor that had definitely seen better days and vainly tugging at an uncooperative cord, she caught her reflection in the glass of the window and mentally shuddered with distaste. She had never liked her appearance, being somewhat taller than average in height and somewhat skinnier than even the (5) catwalks of Milan would approve of. i f ' " Her self-styled 'lankiness' and the nerves of a firsHime teacher now line 19 put her in mind of certain Italian towers built on uncertain terrain and overreachi ng in their ambitions. Changes, however insignificant,
always brought out the pessimist in her and at tbis moment it was ...® difficult to shake the feeling that this move to a school. so far from anywhere she might ever have caJled home. was one move too many and one move loo far. But she had needed to get away. Her hometown had been weighing down on her with its unfulfilled expectations for too long; the faces and buildings were reminders of how far she had not come, how high she had stubbornly refused to climb. After getting down without achieving much in the way of shade for the over-bright classroom, she found she had about five minutes of relative calm in which to gather her thoughts and prepare for her first ever class.
5 The writer mentions Italian towers in lines 19·20 in order to emphasise A Leah's hopes for the future. S the height at which Leah now finds herself. Leah's lack of confidence in her new situation. fA r' CD the magnitude of the change Leah has made to her life.
©
t
I
6 In A a C
,
the second paragraph, the writer focuses on Leah's regret concerning mistakes she has made in the past. uncertainty that her feelings of depression will disappear. frustration concerning the negative way she reacts to change. @ doubt regarding her decision to leave her hometown. b Vt(
/)J J0.'() r/-{
-V
51
PART 2 You are going to read an extract from a newspaper article. Six paragraphs have been removed from the eJdrl,.I Choose from the paragraphs A.Q the one which frts each gap (7-12). There is one extra paragraph which you do need to use.
V oluntary Service Underseas Under threat from global wanning. over-fIShing and careless flippers, coral reefs face an uncertain future. But in the balmy waters off Thailand, one project is training vo/ullleefS to col/ecl data vital to their survival. Dan Linslead reports. After three da)'S AAOrkelling along coral reefs in the Gulf of Thailand, counting riSh in the name of science. 1 had aJready compiled a number of y indmgs. ne: rceffLsh exhibit a vexing habit offliltmg In your face mask, ducking behind anal and suddenly joining up with schools of their neighbours - it's almost like they don't want to be counted. Two: if you choose 10 survey one SpcciflC 5rn corridor of reef, the fISh )'Ou are interested in - that bigbeaked parrotfiSh, say - will invariably i'KM':r lern outside that corridor, rendering them officially uncountable.
D Afler a sleepless night speed·reading my 120-page expedition dossier, I duly enrolled in FiSh School. As brown mullet ~ploshed lazily in the fishpond beneath us, we huddled around our resident marine bjologist , Kim Oberrocyc.r. and tried to concentrale. "y
Is I
c
"OK. grab the tape measure and thal Coke bottle," said Kim. clearly feeling the need for action, too. "Let's do a transect in the garden." Ah, the transect I had read about this in my briefing, accompanied by complicated diagrams of the sea floor covered in cross-hatching and contour lines. But as Kim rolled out a lOOm tape along Iheground, it emerged that the 'transect' was basically science·speak for 'a straight line'. The Reef Check approach to the global coral crisis was pleasingly simple: we were going to swim in a suaight line scribbling noles on a rusty clipboard. Easy enough, surely?
19 I
B
Finally, we were' gomg to make notes
52
'
.
•
Nument lndicator Algae." Ab. It was clearly time to go
back to the textbooks.
F Soon we were zipping away from a wonky red jetty aboard the Moby D ick, As we bounced across the waves, we volunteers discussed the task ahead, " I reckon I can definitely tell the difference between soft cam! and a fish now," said Gigi, a 64-year.-old grandmother from Oregon. Pe~nally. I was still struggling with the technical distinction between rock and rubble - but by now it was too late. We were bobbing 50m from the Bounty-ad island of Ko Wai, our prow noddi ng towards a neat semicircle of reef. Wc flopped in.
E The tra nsect itsetf tumcd.ouuo.be-fur less complex than it had,...see.u!ed on land. The tape measure unfu rled clearly over the reef, and it wasn't that hard (and only a bit weird) 10 write on a clipboard underwater. My task that dal. to count invertebr1lt~ and with only Diadema sea urchins in evidence, I managed fine.
was......
G Grand p lans. and having devoted our time to the cause, we all felt entitled 10 n certain self·satisfaction. But as Moby Dick sped back {Owards the harbour after a final day spent among the reefs denizens. I had to be honest with myself. Had I I1IlNy volunteered my time for science? Or had I just spent a frankly enjoyable week fli tting between paradise islands? I could no longer tell the d ifference.
Test 3 '
10.7
A What all these fish had in common was a profound disinterest in being counted. They lurked on the edge of the transect; they flitted and fidgeted; as subjects, they were frankly unprofessional. But at Ko 1bong Lang and other reefs over the next week we persevered, noting down coralf1sh and estimating the size of clams - knowing it really was in their best interests, whether they knew it or not. B "Right, now imagine that coconut's a bumphead parrotfish," said Kim, gesturing at the ground next to the unfurled tape. "That's an Indicator Species. That means their presence or absence - is a measure of the reefs health." He made !I mark on the clipboard. "After the fish, we're also lookmg for Invertebrates - urchins, sea cucumbers, lobsters. Look, there's a giant clam! And we need to know how big they are - you can use the edge of your clipboard to gauge that, but remember that underwater everything will look 25% bigger." C "The problem with reefs," Kirn explained, " is that tbere are hundreds of them. not much data, little funding for conservation and very few scientists. Coral, it seems, is truly fighting for survival: 16% of worldwide coral has been lost in the past five years alone, and a further 21% is in "serious trouble n • The delicate polyp, from which the whole coral ecosystem springs, likes things a certain way: clean water, a narrow band of sea temperature (25-29°C), a certain salinity. Ranged against that are a legion of man-made - or at least human-influenced - threats, from rising sea temperatures to fishermen using cyanide or dynamite to bag their catch.
.•.
D ~"ighlS are what had brought me ~Q,ang,
a mountainous, junglefestooned Thai island near the Cambodia border. Along with six olher volunteer snorkellers and divers, I had signed up for a 'research expedition' run by the conservation organisation Earthwalch. Our mission? To help conduct fieldwork on the local reefs - and maybe learn a bit of biology in the process.
~Exam Tip Look for links at the beginning and the end of the missing paragraphs as well as before and after the gaps.
E (ii;Ahrills here were far more Finding ~~ than Jaws. Hanging motionless in the bath-warm water, the soap opera of reef life scrolled before my eyes. A 300-strong school of rabbitand parrotflSh nibbled furiously at the coral and swarmed on. The velvet. collagened lips of giant clams pursed up as I wafted my hand in front of them. That l20-page dossier had come gloriously to life, and only the snorkel champed in my moutll stopped me from exclaiming " Wow". ~ '"
/ilIA/ID
M
F A Turner sunrise - all ISty reds ochres - was daub' g the ho rizon as our pickup drew into tbe ramshackle fishing village of Salak Phet a couple of days later. We'd watched our Fish ID videos. We'd practised our hand signals. It was time to put OUT training into action. G At the end of every day, the totals from our elipboards'Toine(1tlieoarn-rt'Om Reef cncck 'teams worldwide: adding up 10 an increasingly comprehensive bank of reer information. It was a nice feeling, being part of this scientific community - but would it actually make a difference? "Absolutely," Kim insisted. He is already working with local fishermen, dive shops and the mayor of Salak Phetto encourage more sustainable practices. Ultimately he aims to take his data to the Thai government to lobby for more robust conservation legislation.
'
53
PART 3 You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 13-19 choose the answer (At B. C 0( D) which you
thir'k.~
best according to the text.
Far from terrifying, this literary power duo 18 serious tun.
Everyone is 'frightened of Paul Auster. He is too clever for comfort. His books are so original (a question that tAl comBS up frequently: is he the writer or his subject7) that ' " on a bad day, a tired day, when you're feeling less Ihan sparldlng, it's best to put his books In a drawer and watch sitcoms. And as for his wife, she is equally brilliant. Siri Hustvedt's third novel. What I lOVed, is so moving that It demands to be read in 2O-mlnute stints between sobs. The Austers are by all accounts conviviaf hosts - Lou Reed Is a regular dinner guest, Peter Carey is a mate and lan McEwan too - but if you haven't a prestigious
Hustvedt's latest, The Sorrows of an American, .. wonderful too, a deeply human account of one's san of family, place, love and loss that centres around the endeavours of a brother and sister, Erik OaYklsen and Inga, to dig .up and digest the reasons their dE!lf departed father did the things he did. Along the wa,. Davidsen falls in love with his Jamaican lodger, and Hustvedt, after embodying the art historian Leo for WhIt 1 LOVed, once again writes from the point of view of • male protagonist 'I've been writing as a man for ten yearsl ' she whoops. 1
_ literary prize to your name, meetinQ them both together
~s sur!>' one of life's more terrifYing prospects. So it throws you off to dIscoVer the pair is enormous fun : funny and bright, full at enthusiasm and questions. They have a habit of finishing off one another's sentences, and are clearly having a ball hitting the literary circutt together (they are in Sydney after headlining at the Adelaide Festival Writers' Week) . 'It's much nicer to go to a festival with Paul. this Is our fourth,' smiles Hustvedt. 'I WOUldn't go alone; it would be intolerable,' deadpans her beau.
(
Auster is up to his old tricks again with Man in the Dark, published this month. tt's a novel within a novel, jumping from the poignant musings of bed·ridden septuagenarian widower August Brill to the surreal adventures of his creation, OWen Brick. They are both in the dar1<, but Brick is having the more confusing time of it, locked as he is in an alternative AmeMca. Brill's Imaginings have dragged Brick from his semi-ordinary life and thrust him Into a nutso paraltet one. The ending packs. powerful punch that linge,. long after you put the book down.
• 54
•' !
•
How do these two start their stories? ~~~~;~ starts by forming a picture in his mind. novel, Travels in the Saiptorium, .~~~!!!.;~~:'!.!!! ~ an old man sitting on his bed in hIs pyjamas. The kernel for Sorrows began with a dream. 'When the book was! first coming to me I had this Image of a girl lyIng In her coffin, out in the country and sitting up in her coffin, like being born again,' says Hustvedt. She then launches into a discussion of the magical moments in the book, the most important invoMng mystical tales of Jamaican ghosts, and a chiid in a coma (I won't say more, or I'll give the ending away). When I started writing the book I knew my tether was dying. My father's family were immigrants, my mother's too, and the book is set in New York, and I've known Jamaican immigrants ... and I began to think of It as new themes chasing one another. So that t~t _dlnerent stories J are succinct but they reverberat~ With ono another in the text l or it was my idea that they shouldl" They do, of course. With Aus1er as hor fll&1 rt I'd I , ,he couldn't get away with anyth,ng less
Exam~ 00 not choose oPtions which tound likely but for which there ls no evidence in the text.
1
13 In the first poragoaph, the _or savs _ Pall -.no ..."".s A have. a simit8I etrect on the reader as ti;s;; wife"$.. B may be too depo
WIg far some - . . .
© can be vory demandirlg ..... the .e.ador. fj
14 The writat' implies that. when he Iirst met the k t ISo, he tell A sorprised by the way they inI_ wiII> ......... _ . B under-qualffiad tor the job of interuiS44i11IQ them.
c
fortunate to haw the chance k) illter~iew them IIltogetl_h< .. " ..
® more comfortable in their pr
oe&1t\en
d.
1le~ 1o. --tv. (O()J
:In JI- ''f!!'1. ~'/A/!
rftl.
r.I~ J
15 What does the writer tell us about the main characteIs in Paul ~~ ~ ~
7'11. ,;), ,
A Their paths cro5S """"""",odIy.
® One is d;recting the OIher's destirly. tI C Neither is aware of the other's existence.. D They are bolh Irappod .. an Onaginary wOOd.
16 In paragraph four. Auster suggeslS that on& way in which he:
~
Ns: witfts
writing is by
A maldng suggestions rogatd;ng her pIoIlines. 8 hEHping her to form wen·rounded male and femate charact8fS.. C encourag;ng her 10 constantly evaluate her writing.
® preventi"\j he, !mm writing _
-Iv f t( 1/111 f1P I
an
10
17 One similarity between Paul Auster's and Sin Hustvedt's novets is
® the source of the inspiration for them. V B the types of lI1emes lhalthey expIo
C the way they begin their opening chapters.
o the extensive use of imagery in them. 18 In the final paragraph, Siri Hustvedt summarises her latest novel as
A an alternative interpretation of common themes\)
® a collection of stories echoing similar themes. C a series of interwoven biographies. D
a tribute to her immigrant family.
19 Overall, the writer portrays the Austers as A intellectuals who have a large
f~lowing .
B novelists who write for particular readerships. C partners who collaborate to produce their won<. writers who are equally successful.
®
V'lIA
t1 {I TV' I
,to"
•
55
PART 4
Exam~ It may be useful to go through each section of the text in turn and match the questions which refer to it.
You are going to read an article about applying for Jobs. For questions 24~30 , choose from the sections of the article (A-G). The sections may be chosen more than once. Note: When more than one answer is reauired, these may be Qiven in any order.
In which section of the article Is the following stated? The type of business this is means that staff in different positions have something in common.
Our company has an advantage compared to others of a different type.
Distinguishing themselves from other applicants will help candidates get noticed.
Job applicants may struggle to demonstrate their possession of a particular skill effectively.
1211 D
1221 A 11231 D 1241 E I
I 25 I C
Job applicants should not hold back from making employers aware of important accomplishments.
1 26 1 G
Companies are keen to recruit candidates able to do something not considered easy.
127 1A
Candidates should make sure they don't appear too different.
129 1G
Candidates should not allow a sense of self-Importance to prevent them from benefitting from early failures.
Accomplishments of a particular kind are valued in a candidate but not considered essential.
131 l E
Candidates should not include unnecessary information when applying for a job.
Employers want candidates to prove that they have shown initiative over a particular kind of problem.
Appllcants show that they are aware of certain requirements of employers when applying.
56
1331 c
11 28 1B
Daring to be Different Being unusual can clinch a job. Karen Hainsworth has seven ways of jumping off the page for applicants. Most organisations search for employees who will fit in with the company cullUre and keep things running smoothly. ~ Ilowever, showing that they have skills and qualities that are t un usual could put them at the lap of the pile whcn it comes to the screening process. "Valuing diversity in others is
applications. "We get boxes of chocolates and letters in smoothie botUes. Somebody even drove all the way from Devon to deliver a cake shaped like one of our row delivery vans. Doing these unusual things might seem over the top, but the do make a cand'dat out from the crowd. "If you work for a smal entR:prene . I company, creativity and initiative are very Important "We are alwa lookin for ideas and we can implement these the next daYz unlike a big corporation. where it may take months. Such qualities help you see beyond the logical and limited solution when it comes to problem-solving."
something that candidates wouldn't necessarily lhink to mcnlion,w says Julia Knight, chartered occupational
psychologist. who designs recruitment tools and assessment procedures for large organisations. MBu! companies. particularly global companies, look for people who have worked with others who are different from themselves. "That difference could be as obvious as ethnicity, but oould also include those who have dissimilar educational level or national culture. "Working with others who have alternative ,perspectives and very different ways of thinking is very difficult M she says. "which is why organisations are looking for this abil ity in job candidates.
et!
E Though you'd think a (!fanagement consul
o
Leadership skills are obviously not unusual but specific types of leadership can be. And Michael Nathan, a recruitment manager for a large retail store describes a kind of extreme people-focused ~ch in his managers. 'The ~ company I work for is ~usiness and staff who =<.... work on the selling floot1ITias much an owner as the chai M Therefore, the style is very inclusive, very empoweii and it is, he says, "about getling people to enjoy 681 ed by you". This is no simple task, as it requires 'candidates to possess an exceptional level of maturity and so graduates who can demonstrale this are highly desired. et ac . well" sa Juliu about the ability 10 manage confl . And understandablv. as a candidate you may not feel confident in describing when you've fallen out with someone. "Though the tenn 'conflict management' has the potential to sound very negative, it is nevertheless an important skill. "Organisations today are constantly changing and evolving in order to stay ahead of the competltion," she says, "but you don't get change without some level of disagreement: What ~recruiters look for is an ability to deal with this and examples where you have taken it upon yourself to son il oul.
F
"No-one can do a job right on their 6rst day, and there's usually a steep learning curve that involves misLakes.~ says Michacl. "But strong graduate trainees can learn from these and de.,1 with the feedback in a mature and confident way and not let ego get in the way." Show you have the ability to learn about yourself as well as your new tasks, he says.
G
~,,*~"'-lQek differem, but you don't want
C "lllis can be a difficult one t
o
"We put a k>l of emphasis on lniLiative and creanvdv,tt says Sronte Blomhoj, manager ara soff'drinks company. ~And candidates tend 10 lake this 10 heart in their
I1R
d
cy and..
technology company would look for welQhundoct individuals with an IT interest., you wouldn't necessarily expect them to appreciate people who enjoy saving the world. But individuals who mention that they have done some charity work at home or abroad, which most candidates haven't. do draw our attention, says Annabel Nichols, graduate recruitment manager. "Although we don't actively seek this experience. we do find it attractive and unusual," she says. "It shows that candidates are using their skills in chaUenging ways. It takes a certain kind of individual 10 take time out and work for the benefit of others. l think. that's commendable."
~
~~~JU~I~ia~s~u~gg~~~~~m~e~n~tio~n~i~ng i
same had that has helped you about it. "I have come across graduates who have done great things but [orgctlo menlion them," she says. The key is to be enthusiastic about unusual achievements and skills, but make sure lh tie in with what's useful for your prospective employe.. lid wrest ers nWl not apply.
• 57
PART 1
Exom~ Decide which parts 01 the given information you want to use in your answer. Then organise the notes coherently. Use the information in the written texts to support the points you need to make.
(1 hour 30 minutes)
You must answer this question. Write your answer in 180-220 words in an appropriate style.
1 You had seen the following advertisement for a new sports and fitness centre in the area where you live. You became a member of the centre but were not entirely satisfied with the facilities. Read the advertisement and the notes you have made. Then, using the information appropriately, write a letter to the sports and frtness centre with your comments.
W'VENEY SPORTS and Fi i NUS CENTRE • gym - fully equipped with the latest machines, personal trainers on hand • squash, b adminton & basketball • aerobics - regular high and low impact classes to suit all abilities • children's creche - free for centre users • cafe and juice bar - good variety of healthy homemade food available all day
Open:
7 am - 10 pm Monday to Friday, 9 am - 7 pm Saturday and Sunday
Write your letter. You do not need to include postal addresses.
58
PART 2
Exam~ When you write an article, you can draw on personal experience or opinion on a general topic. Remember your target audience and make it as interesting as
Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2
You have seen this announcement in an intemational magazine.
glUMM. Have you faced a dilemma recently? In other words, you found yourself in a difficult situation in which you had to choose between two or more courses of action? If so, we would like you to write us an article telling us: • what the dilemma was exactly & what the possible courses of action were • what you decided to do and why • what the outcome of your decision was
possible.
We will publish the best articles. Write your article.
3 You have just received a letter from your pen-friend, who is thinking of studying at a college in your country next year. Write a letter to your pen-friend recommending two or three courses that he/she might want to take and suggesting any preparations they could make before they go. Write your letter.
4
You have seen this advertisement in an international magazine.
Committee members wanted for
International Book Festival Do you love books? Do you have bright ideas and good organisational skills? We need young people to be involved in planning and organising this year's festival. If you are interested in Joining our committee, please write and tell us: • why you think books are important and what kind of books you like reading • what would make you a good member of the committee • two or three ideas you have for the festival Write your letter of application.
5
Answer one of the following two questions based on one of the books you have read. (a) Write an essay about what we can learn about life and society from reading this book.
.•'.'
(b) Write an article about one of the main events in the story for an imaginary newspaper or magazine .
59
PART 1
Exam1!e5'r Many of the missing words are parts of set phrases.
(1 hour)
For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
o A valued
® worth
C merited
o
deserving
If a picture is (0) ..... ~.9.r.n.L. ....... a thousand words, the seventy-three scenes of the Bayeux Tapestry speak volumes. The tapestry narrates. in pictorial (J) .........}f~r.mT William, Duke of Normandy's invasion and conquest of England in AD 1066, when he (2) ........ (!:!i{' ..'?!.U.L ..................... the Saxon forces of King Harold at Hastings. in England, probably around AD 1092, and that it Historians believe that the work was (3) ......... &r..(..
......................,
4Jd......................
was commissioned by Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, WiIliam's half brother, who ensured his fame by figuring (4) J~;~~'~:~~:'~;~P in the tap,estry's later 45~ "..(£.14J4.... . .. Legends connecting It wIth William's WIfe i have been (6) ........4,.~5.lJ?Y.~L .................... QII1,(ltJ,t (.( {A.CItj"tt-tt
........
The Bayeux tapestry is not, (7) ....... ~.A. ~ speaking, a tapestry, in which designs are woven into the fabric, but rather a crewel fo rm of embroide;l; Ate pictures being made by stitching woollen threads into a background of plain linen . The threads, in (8) ............ 1 ...~lut .red, y ellow, blue and green, must (9) .............. Jh1..J1.. ........................ have been jewel bright, but have ( 10) .............. ~ ...•L .. :!........................ light brown with age. Moreover, one end of the now 20 inch (50 cm) broad and 231 feet (70 m) long cloth is missing. You can view the Bayeux Tapestry in the William the Conqueror Centre, Bayeux, Normandy, France. An enduring
..tff.i.. . ........................
..... _..................................
t:
~~~~~.;;~~.~!~! .~.~:l~~~.~~~.o~f;l~ ~~;~~~y~s as valuable a (12) .......p.!.LU.............................. of evidence for the
1 A fashion
B type
2 ®
B won
3 A originated
B invented
4 ® prominently
B strongly
5 A views 6 A disowned
@ scenes
7 A normally 8 A colours
@ strictly
9 ® once 10 A changed
B then
11
, • i:'
60
•
defeated
A witness
12 A segment
B d ispersed B shadows @ turned B confirmation B part
e e
design
e
powerfully
defended
© created C frames C disgraced
e
@ form D invaded D manufactured D sufficiently D pictures
@
discounted
truly
o sincerely
© shades
D varieties
e e
before
D earlier
transformed
D developed
© testimony © piece
D proof D portion
Test 3 PART 2
Exam~ ~ook
For questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
for any clues
which are not obvious or which come much earlier or later in the sentence.
Example:
LIO,-,-I_.::B.::Ec..IN.:.cG::.....I...,="",-,o'-'=""-l1
E-CURRENCY Have you noticed the spate of bank mergers (0) .... ~~!!'!.9. ...... reported in
J
f'H"~
:::;~:.ra;;:;~~~~~~;;~,:~~~: ~~ ;~q; ;
jobs. U you thought this was all
(14) .................~~.................. the name of increased profit margins, think again. The banks themselves are eI).gaged in a struggle (15) .............. JC!L .............. . , TI,a ':J (.j I.C.JI their very survival. Their nemesis? The Internet, of course.
................ short years, that it can
The Internet proved, in just a (16) ............... !.f!.~ transfonn (17) ................~t!.~ Customers
................ very way that commerce is conducted.
can pay for goods and services
on-line,
and settle
(18) ...... ,.... J!!.~.~~..... ".. "." accounts on the Internet. (19) ..............§.~~~............ .. direct transfers could conceivably spell the end (20) .................r:?t. ............... .. money as we know (21) ................ !.~
................. today. Cash, cheques and credit
cards will give (22) ................~~y......... ,... ,.. , to e-currencies, some fonn of 'Internet only' money. What fonn will these new 'e-currencies' take? Perhaps some kind of credits or (23) ............-::~~.~ ............ vinual money. Some Internet sites are already using a system called beenz' whereby you can earn credits, or beenz'. by visiting ... . (24) ................................. which/that partlClpating sUes, can th en be used to purc has e
items on-line. Also, consumers will soon be able to download credit onto smartcards to be used to (25) ...........~.~~~............ purchases in the real world. (26) ......... ,~!!.~~~!':~r..
.. ,......
fonn such e-currencies ultimately take, the only
thing we can be sure of (27) ................. ~~.................. that counting out coins for bus tickets will soon be a thing of the past.
61
PART 3
Exam ~ You may have to make more than one change to the prompt word to make it fit the meaning.
For questions 2 8-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap In the same line. Write the new word in the correct box on your answer sheet. There is an example at the beginning to).
Example,
10 I GROWING I=
0=
I
PENG. - U . INS \
,
,
.
IN ~~·:~,::(by
Penguins, whose torplKjo-.shaped boQLe!f~~tfimportant waddles we adore, are the latest on a (0) ... 9.~~~~!J.g ... list of species threatened by changing (28) ........... ~.(~m~~J. ........... conditions. This (29 ) ... ... ... #J~mAPJ~~!J... ....... in climate is being brought about by heatwaves and floods in places as far (30) ............ ..f:!H~.~t;!............. . as Texas and India. inslabilih, " has b een Suc h (31) ... .. ........... ... ...·x....... .In wea th er pa"erns increasing In (32) ....... .Jr.~qy.~!f.~y. ........., although the reasons for
GROW CLIMATE DISRUPT FIELD STABLE FREQUENT
this are not yet fully understood. As a result, ocean currents that bring the nutrients to feed plankton are being disrupted and because plankton feeds the krill which form the basis of the penguin's diet, the penguin Is fast becoming a casualty. The (33) ............ ~~~Jt!.
............
DEAD
rate of penguin chicks is soaring and could ultimately prove (34) .. .. .. .... ~.i~J!!.~t.~gpt!~f. .......... to the entire species. The one
CATASTROPHE
positive aspect of all this lies in its potential to force people to examine the (35) .. .... }~q.m.~l]g ........ threat posed to the fragile Antarctic ecosystem. The (36) .... ..... r.~.~!!.~.~~~qn
......... that we could lose one of
the most (37) ........ ... ..J!?~~./;ll~.............. creatures on the planet should be a wake-up call for all 01 us.
62
LOOM REALISE LOVE
•• •• •• ••• •• •• •• ••
PART 4
Exam~
For questions 38-42 think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. Here is an example (0).
Sometimes you
read one
o She commented that it was about .... ..Jfm~ ........ she started helping more around
sentence and
the house.
think the word is obvious. Make sure you check all three sentences before settling on this WOId.
People's eating habits have drastically changed over ...... J~~~ We took ........~m.~
Example:
o
........ .
........ to stop and admire the view on our journey. TIME
38 Oavid was singing in the shower at the .. .......~~p. ......... of his voice. Mika's new single went straight to the .... ...)!?P......... of the charts. They deaned the house from ....... J!?P......... to bottom. 39 Tom aims to set a new ...... ~9.~~~...... record in the long jump at the championships
this summer. Jane thinks the .......~~r.~~ of her nephew; she would do anything for him. Andy's not listening again; sometimes he's in a ....... w.~r[~ ...... of his ownl
.......
40 After the terrible argument, they really needed to ....... fi.(~~r. ....... the air. The water was as ....... ~/'!.~r. ....... as crystal. The waiter came to ....... ~!.~~~ our dishes from the table.
.......
41 What she said was so shocking that I was completely ....... ~~.~~'}....... aback. You must have .......y~.~f!.~....... leave of your senses to quit your job. I've """"'tIy ..... ..!~.~.e.n........ up playing goll.
42 My doctor believes I need a ..... ~.?!!!.~f:...... of physiotherapy. They're on " ... £~.'!.~.~.f!. ..... to finish the project by tonight. Joseph did a three-year ......'?9.~!nl.f!. ..... in Mechanical Engineering at university.
63
PARTS
Exam~ Remember that the word given may be followed by a different preposition or be part of a different verb pattern than in the first
sentence.
For questions 43-50 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to thl first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must USI between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0) .
o He always gives the impression that he's very confident. ACROSS He always ................................................................................ very confident.
Example:
o
I
COMES ACROSS AS BEING
1=
0
= I
43 He didn't notice any money had been stolen until the end of the day. LIGHT The theft of the money only .........'?~~.~ . ~.'?J!~~~ .~~......... the end of the day. 44 Julia grew up with her aunt and uncle in the countryside. BROUGHT
was brou"ht bvI .......... her aunt an d uncI" " .......................... J u Ila M' •••••••un r. .... e In t he coun t"d rySI e. 45 I haven't been to the cinema for ages. SINCE It ........................ J~
..~9.~.~ . ~!!'J.t?,~It!~.~~ .... .......... _........ been to the cinema.
46 Watt has great difficulty in cooking for himself. CHALLENGE Wait ..................... J!!'J.~~
..~~ .~ ..~~~.~~~~.9.~..~t?.'?.t;?~.~ ...................... for himself.
47 No one could believe how successful Adam's first art exhibition was. TOOK The success of Adam's first art exhibition ..~~.'?~. ~.y.f!.ry.C?!?~l~~~.ry!?C?~yJ?y... surprise. 48 Everyone blamed Danny for the accident.
PUT Everyone .................. P..!-!qt!.~ . !?/~IJ?~ . ~!.'. .................. Danny for the accident. 49 There is no way that I would ever shop there again. CIRCUMSTANCES Under ............ !.'.~..~!~.c::.~p.~~~!'J.t?,~~..'!"f.t;?~/~. !..~~~r.
............ shop there again.
50 How likely is it to rain today? CHANCES What .................... ~.~~..~t!~.. ~!J!~.!?~.f!.~ . ~~. r.~~r?!~tr.~m.~Q.9.....
64
.•'.'
............... today?
Test 3 PART 1
:xam~
(Approximately 40 minutes)
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
)u many not be )Ie to answer
e two questions order as the
EXTRACT 1
formation
You hear part of an interview with a guitarist called Rick Evans.
leded could be different parts
How did Rick feel when he was performing at the concert?
A pleased that he was playing well B overwhelmed by the occasion C intimidated by the large audience
the script.
2
B
What is Rick's attitude towards becoming a better musician?
A He believes it will happen automatically if he practises enough. B He is happy to simply maintain the level he has already attained. C He realises that he needs to practise more to further improve.
I2
A
EXTRACT 2 You hear part of a radio interview with well-known interior designer, Fiona Sharpe. 3
Flona says that she feels disappointed by her job when A clients don't seem to appreciate her hard work. S a client doesn't communicate what they really want. C her design skills are not fully utilised.
4
c
What does Fiona do to try to ensure that her clients are happy with her work? A She adapts her designs if necessary. B She discusses every detail of a design with them. C She totally puts aside her own preferences.
I4 I A
EXTRACT 3 You hear a man and a woman discussing an incident in which the man got caught speeding. 5
Why does John disagree with so many speed cameras being installed? A He believes they can actually make the roads more dangerous. B He doubts the motives of those who installed them. C He thinks the money needed for them could be better spent.
6
15
B
John and Pam agree that A strict speed limits are sometimes necessary. B the system is not always fair. C there should be fewer cameras .
B
.•'.' 65
PART 2
Exam ~ Do not try to paraphrase information that you hear. The answers are always actual words from the recording.
You will hear a herbal therapist called Chris White talking about his work. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
As Chris was growing up, he learnt that plants were often used as medicine by
animals
His father also used different plants to keep LI_ _ _ _'_"n_s_e_c_'_s____ILs---.J1 away from the vegetables in his garden. Chris used the plants he grew in the garden to treat various
I medical problems I 9 I. He made ll_ _ _ _ _':..:e:..:a:..:s_ _ _ _111_0:.J1 out of some of the plants he grew, such as Echinacea and Feverfew.
When he started
LI___.:g=-a_r_d_e_m_"n.:g~_-LI_ll...J1 after moving
back to Devon, he rediscovered his interest in healing herbs.
In order to recommend a
I
suitable remedy
1121, he finds
out a lot about a patient first.
...J'. says that by using plants as medicines. some I
side effects
1131
can be avoided .
As a herbalist, he believes that the body has a
• i;!
•
66
I
natural ability
1141
PART 3
Exam~ Don't spend too much time on anyone question even if you are having difficulty with it. Move onto the next question.
You will hear an interview with a man who is a police diver. For questions 15-20 choose the answer (A, S, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
15 What led Michael to a career as a police diver? A He was already a competent diver. B His uncle had followed this same career. C His superiors recommended him for it.
® He had a desire to do something different. 16 What did Michael find difficult about his training?
® diving in sometimes ve ry harsh conditions B having to work shifts, especially at night
C coping with the heavy clothing and equipment o getting used to the behaviour of his team mates 17 What is Michaef sometimes unable to avoid while working under water? A losing his way
® suffering minor injury e
causing damage to evidence
o
mistaking other debris for evidence
18 What limitation of the undersea robot does Michael mention? A It is not able to descend to a great depth.
® It can't always retrieve items easily. e
It can take too long to sUbmerge.
D It moves more slowly than divers. 19 How has Michael's choice of career affected his relationship with his mother? A It has encouraged a better understanding between them.
® He now feels obliged to keep some things from her. e
She now constantly puts pressure on him to give up his job.
o
She has become his main confidante regarding work issues.
20 For Michael, what is the most fulfilling part of being a police diver? A helping to make society a safer place
® seeing the direct results of his work e
using the different skills he has acquired
o
being involved in saving lives
67
Test 3 PART 4
Exam~ Uslen to the speaker's tone of
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about learning a foreign language. White you listen you must complete both tasks.
voice. What is his/her attitude?
TASK ONE For questions 21.25, choose from the list (A-H) the maln reason the person gives for learning a new language.
A They make frequent visits to another country. Speaker 1
C
21
Speaker 2
G
22
Speaker 3
F
23
E They needed to pass a college exam.
Speaker 4
D
24
F They were compelled to learn it at school.
Speaker 5
A
25
B They want to become a translator.
C They have migrated to another country.
0 They have a natural ability for languages.
G They enjoy a leisure activity that Is related to the language. H They want to learn their family's native language.
TASK TWO For questions 26-30, choose from the list (A-H) what aspect each speaker focuses on. A the cost of learning the language(s) B their sense of satisfaction at having learnt the language(s) easily
C the advantages of learning in a class 0 the level of difficulty of a/some particular language(s)
Speaker 1
B
26
E the necessity of practising the language(s) frequently
Speaker 2
F
27
F the regret they feel about not learning the language(s)
Speaker 3
D
28
Speaker 4
H
29
Speaker 5
A
30
sooner G the importance of learning the grammar rules of languages
H the improved career prospects they have as 8 result of knowing the language(s) well. .'/
68
•
PAPER 1 - READING
_• Test 4
PART 1
Exam~ Read through the whole text first to get a general idea 01 what the writer is
(1 hour 15 minutes)
You are going to read three extracts which are all concerned in some way with alternative health therapies. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which yoa think fits best according to the text.
saying. The question sometimes asks about the writer's general attitude/opinion/tone.
Chapter One Call me a traditionalist but theGf alternative therapies had always eluded me; however, years of unsuccessfully trying to stop smoking and the advent of a (f) son had made me realise that a stand ~ needed to be made and hard decisions
j tt:
f
I
e V1 v~ . r{Jj1
V1 ( ~ tI. (M/
taken. It
wazt ,
done some
h
the new arrival; I'd
calculations and the
(jJ ()Jt t.44;H«. .sum total of money spent, not only on the
, ("
cigarettes themselves but also the patches and gums that almost inevitably had proven useless, had all the appearance of a minor king's ransom. Strictly spe this wasn't what hurt, it was the shee waste that made me strlTclaerwithShame:-A friend of a friend had recommended acupuncture as it had, apparently, worked
g
wonders for his wife. With more than a little scepticism, I was persuaded to give it a go. The address I was given proved to be a smal, terraced house on .8-E!linfully co~ventionat.~of high stteet;o>When the door opened after my rather . eta rap, my feelings were hard to a. Short, over-feelings and undershaven, this was not how I had imagined an acupuncturist and considering the fact that it was the middle of the afternoon, the pyjamas did seem a little out of place. ! 2 suddenly felt that this wasn't the man for me but as I turned to beat the hastiest of retreats, I thought of my son. So, steeling myself for the worst, I crossed the threshold.
~
!$)
1 In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that when he was trying to give up smoking, A he became progres~jvely disheartened about his chances of success. B he was embarr~d that he was finding it so hard. he reached a point when he knew re~action was needed. t.L-( 0 / he was more concerned about the cost of his habit than anything else
© o
2
What affect did the sight of the acupuncturist have on the writer? A It made him realise how desperate he was. It made him reluctant to keep his appointment. V C It caused him to leave his house immediately. o It caused him to abandon some of his doubt.
®
.,
,;'
f«
PART 1
Colour 'Therapy:: Weird o r Wonderful? I must confess to some tImidity as I knock on Pauline Wills's door. Colour therapy. I think: she could well be ~y) She may well insist that I wear only flame red, or paint my kitchen green . The calm, middle aged woman who
greets me, however, does not look crazed. As she sits me down in her neutrally decorated therapy room I ', reaUse she's alreadv got me pegged. ·Colour therapy. · she tells me sternlv. -is about the properties of light It is not about pigment.· It isn't then. about how YOU paint your lounge? "No. it's about energy: colour is the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum .· This
means that it's somewhere between radio waves and X-rays. Apparently, Hippocrates. Paracelsus and the ancient
Egyptians all used colour for healing. I'm no physicist, but there could be more to
colour than meets the eye. Pauli~ rubs my feet asking sensitive questions about my life and health. Before long. I'm dying to unburden myself of every worry I've ever had.
She's seen this before. Physical ailments.
she believes. are rooted in emotional ones . And over her twenty odd years as an alternative therapist Pauline has become an excellent counsellor. I honestly can't say whether colour therapy is effective or not. Pauline takes a plastic implement that looks like the injecting aevice from Star Trek . She fits an orange filter onto it. switches it on and holds it to the side of my foot. Finally, she suffuses my feet with orange then blue light from two large lamps. This is for general a 11 over well-being. If you're not persuaded by colour therapy it's worth remembering that hospitals often treat Jaundiced premature babies with blue light (it destroys the excess bilirubin that the immature liver can't remove). So if you 're willing to believe that other colours can do similar things, and don't mind having your feet rubbed, then colour therapy could do you the world of good . Apart from anything else, Pauline Is a wonderful listener.
~=~----~ 3 What does the colour therapist realise about the writer upon meeting her?
® She has misconceptions about cok>ur therapy.
B She feels apprehensive about the meeting. C She is unconvinced of the value of colour therapy. o She has low expectations 01 the meeting. -
In
©
,,"
70
I
~
JJQ(I,
4 In this piece overall, the writer is fJ" t' ~-Q\ J A impressed by the therapist, but generally negative about co ur Ih~ey . B progressfvely more convinced about the Ineffectiveness of colour therapy. open to the possibility that colour therapy can be useful. o more or less persl..aded that colour therapy does what it claims.
o Competition 'Other Options,' the magazine for those interested in exploring the
many other path~ to e-Qisical and mental perfection is proud to announce the~auguratfo.nlof w'hat will hopefully be its annual young writer award. If you are under 18 and feel you have a talent for words, we would like to hear from you. The magazine is looking for articles of around 600 words on the subject of alternative medicine.
(5) Articles should have a strong a1temative therapies. Remember " factual basis with evidence that though that the winning article will you have thoroughly researched be printed in the magazine. your subject. If you want you can Therefore, as regular readers get your information from the know, we prefer our articles 10 be library or, alternatively, surf the Net informative in tone, showing a fO( anything that might be of use. - mature Llnderstanding of issues My references must be included and perspectives, whilst st ill in the text or acknowJedQ,ed addressing the general reader in a accordingly in the bjb1Logr~... AI' warm, friendly manner. Closing date for entries is 31 st August. The facts will be checked. winning entry will be published in The editor is looking for a piece of the November issue of Ihe writing that communicates the magazine. passion the magazine feels for
5 Before sending their entry into the magazine. young people must have A shown evidence in the bibliography of having used the Internet. B consulted a number of specialists in the area. ensured that all the information in it is correct. pt o checked all facts against several sources.
©
6
The winning piece of writing must A be written in a formal style. B clearly reflect the w riter's stand point. show a solid grasp of the subject. o concentrate on straightforward ideas.
U
50 U\
!fJ
I {/
U
rClJf
~
©
71
PART 2 You are going to read a short biography. Six paragraphs have been removed from the text. Choose from the paragraphs A·G the one which fits each gap (7-12). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
one~~~:~~~~
~
G
Perhaps the twentieth-century was Armslrong, the hugelysmil ing trumpeter, vocalist and co~se~His creativity and lechn)que, along with that a ema k smile and gravel~vdice, have made him the most recognisable jazz rhu1ician in the world.
o Louis ArmstroQg's creativity changed all this. His individual virtuosity led to increasing calls for solos, which eveOiiIany doomed the old traditions and led to the development of jazz as we know it today. He established the pre-eminence of the virtuoso soloist
181 ~lf'/\ '"
A
child, he would follow brass bands as they paraded the streets f New Orleans. He also listened to orchestras outside. as children were not allowed to enter music halls. At the time, orchestras would frequently play outside for a short time in order to draw people inside - a marketing strategy that the young Louis took considerable advantage of.
E I1 was during one of these expeditions with this group that he was arrested and sent to the Home for Coloured Waifs for a time. This episode proved fateful as it was in this i~~ that Armstrong received his first music lesson rand voea''lraining. Joining the brass band, he played the !irie and drums before being introduced to the orne His expertise led to his promotion to band leader . ITSt featured perfonnance.
~
72
After Joe left in 1917, the band broke up. Times were tough, and, like many other musicians, Armstrong held a variety of jobs, including driving a coal cart and later a milk wagon. He continued to play comet in a number of bands, sometimes filling in for other perfonneTS as he gtaduMly-built up his reputation. He also played on the r~erbo~lS, then plying their trade up and down the Mississippi River.
c lil Hardin, the band's classically trained pianist, worked with Armstrong during this time and, with her encouragement, he left Chicago to join the Aelcher Henderson band. He returned to New Orleans the following year to form his own band. It was also at this lime that he switched from cornet to trumpet, For the next three years he made a series of recordings, including 'Polato Head Blues', and 'HOlier Than ThaI', many of which are today considered masterpieces of tone and range.
F Although his presentation style continually evolved, Armstrong remained faithful to the sound that had first established his reputation. The tonal beauty of his playing, his instrumental range and melodic variation, all helped to cement his fame as a master trumpeter. However, it was his humour and extroverted style that helped bring his name - and his panjcular approach to jazz - to a wider audience. He died in N,w York on July 6th 1971, leaving his music and itS innovations to a new generation in recording..'1 and films.
---
-----------
Test 4
, • A Louis 'Satchmo' Armstrong was born in New Orleans
around the turn of the century, although the exact date is in d~ Ihal as it may, Armstrong's first years were predominantly spent with his mother and
maternal
grandmother
in
an
impoverished
neighbourhood of New Orleans. His grandmother in particular was a strong influence on his life, instilling in him the strong system of values which he carried throughout his life.
E He started 10 liSlen to the instruments being played on the streets and in church, distinguishing the various instruments and taking nOte of how they were played. He also studied the playing styles of many of these pioneers. At this time, he started to sing on the streets as a tenor in a quartet - his first paying job as a musician.
F During
his lifetime, Louis Armstrong helped to popularise the rhythmi ~ approach to jazz. He is credited with being the inventor of 'sca,)ocals', in which conventional words are abandoncil In favour of a series of meaningless syllables which reproduce the spirit of instrumental improvisation. Armstrong made a number of vocal recordings using this style, wbich was extensively imitated by jazz singers such as ElIa Fitzgerald.
B From the late 19205, he appeared in musical shows,
often as a featured perfonner. Gradually, he started
moving away from his role as a jazz artist., becoming a more popular entertainer. He became a band leader, a solo variety attraction, a film star and a comedian. In 1947, he fanned the fU'St ofa series of small bands that he called the 'All Stars', His frequent conquest of the popular market was envied by his contcmIX'raries.
G
C At this
tim~ _ the
acknowledged leader of jazz music 'King' Oliver. He was Armstrong's friend and mentqr~ presenting him with his fic!f cornef:yt was also Oriver who gave Annstrong his first real break. He sent for him to play cornet in Oliver's Creole Jazz band in Chicago in 1922. This resulted in a series of recordings, starting with 'Chimes Blues' the following year.
wasJoe
D Jazz music has often been called the only uniquely American art form, growing out of a combination of early black musical traditions. Fully- developed jazz. as we know it today, is thought to have originated in New Orleans. Today known as Traditional, or Dixieland jazz, it was based on a three-instrument front line consisting of clarinet, trumpet and t~~ Individual talents were subordinated to the ensemble as a whole.
Onlea'ling.1he o-:p!!!.nage at the age of founeen, Louis had various jobs playing the cornet. He formed his own orchestra with his friend Jac Lindsay, a drummer. The band played on the street, advertising upcoming events, and at funerals.
f·1.t11'''~1
,
..
.. (0.:
..... '
,
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73
PART 3 You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 13-19, choose the answer (A, e , C or D) which you think
fits best according to the text.
As he revisits the fractured antihero of two previous novels. James Sallis talks to Chris Wrt'and about writing crime fiction,
I
-.1 ',',.,
pqp
'liD (elt like I was stumbling, groping around in the darIc. Didn't know where J was going in the next paragraph; didn 't know what I was doing in the next chapter. But J somehow found my way." Speaking softly and slowly, with the slightest Deep South twang, James Sallis is on the line fro Phoe' d' h' ~SaIR J 'lhe m m~ 1,0 ~ IS ~cw nove t rver. t S .oortcsI of his ~S "1&lY , slim talhe.o: to da t~ bul took: the longes! to wnte. a IIS says e s re lytng more on improyisation and abandoning "the certainties with which I began writing." As Sallis recalls Ihis struggle (or ' 'h ds I'k h' I 'h Turn H d lrectJon, e soun I e 15 ost anll era, er. e . troduced th exist tiaI delective · Cyp G A In • e en to ress~. sequel, Cnpple Creek, followed. Now Salt River rompIeles the Turn er trilogyW(
~
Sallis presents Turner as a man defined and haunted by what he no longer is: a soldier, a cop and a convict. Episodes from his former lives are scattered through the books as flashbacks. "Turner is a man whose life has gone 4 through abrupl changes," Sallis explains. "I felt that the novels' structures should reflect this.. It's a technique that is al odds with the thumbnail sketches favoured bv crime writers inlent on establishi",!: a nOvel's cast auickIY before \ >\ t.. I • t\ b {~ l'-lT {". cracking on with the plot. {(, 1-10 fly-/I tU..IIl!J If he takes his time when it comes to characterisatioft"!- we don't learn Turners firsl name until midway through the second book. - Sallis also has a laKfback approach to story. 1be barely-there storylines in Salt River almost evaporate on the page. You don't get lost in his plots. they tend 10 lose themselves. "Plots are a oontrivance - our lives are plotless - yel they're necessary, I think, 10 literary form." explains Sallis. "My way of dealing with this has been 10 \ move the plot offstage a bit, to write around it." Is this why, when I think. of SaIlis's books, I'm hit by smells of homebrewed roffee and wild magnolia rather than anything that actually happened?
~
X.
~
:"'Those are the parts of the world that we own, what comes back 10 us about times in our own lives when we think of the pas!,. he insists. "AJI too often I'm reading this great ,'!
74
•
book with characters that walk right into my own lif~ then somewhere around the fifth or sixth chapter the plot kicks in - and all Ihat falls into the background. I want that
surround LO remain in the foreground." KQ~('( r ~(h H does th " od" 11 k' the.) , and '( e alsurrou very we , evo mg gnl WI of rural southern life with ease (Sallis grew up in Helena, a small town on the banks of the Mississippi). He has an ~ I h-fro wisdo . h h' h ear or s ec'?'i oorc. nl m. WIt . IS C aracters often swa'?Plng stones 10 lhe soun.d of cicadae on long summer mghts. Were there books In Ihe house when he ? ~ ' fro low -cl the tock," he was young. e re m er ass, sou m s says. "My dad was fairly typical, hard-working, blue-collar ' on weeke~ _.4.. t:.....:_ ,_._---M y brot her - h unung UAl.IIg IdWIUllUWCrs ... and I devdoped this love for books. The first thin,&'i: I read were science fiction." (I a(M I 0 ~
S
~ line ~
h!~)
fr r
So were the first things Sallis wrote.
e began to sell stories to magazines then made a . ging move 10 London in his early 20s to edit ndbreaking sci-fi magazine New Worlds with Michael Moorcock: al the end of the 60s. Working alongside Mooroock opened Sallis's eyes 10 hard-boiled crime fiction: "Mike introduced me 10 books by Raymond Clutndler and Dashiell Hammetl, which I had never found here in the Stales oddly enough." ~ When Sallis began to wrile his own crime novels, critks ~ distinguished him as a supposed rare breed -the "literary crime writer". Sallis finds the tag "useless and foolish" but his novels have an undeniable inlellectualism that remains rare in the gcnre. ~.r C; lA ~~ Sallis gives me the skinny on the next novel: "'The major characters are a contract killer, a 12-year-old whose parents have disappeared a nd who goes on living by himself in the family bowe, and a pair of detectives, with the point of view shifting among them chapter to chapter." Long-legged Ay and Cypress Grove started out as standalones, so who knows if this will launch another series. As Sallis says: "I never know I'm jumping in the river, I always think I'm just sticking my feet in.-
Exam~ Most of the answer options are referred to in some way or other in the text, so you need to check each one carefully.
13 What does James Sallis suggest about his latest novel in the first paragraph? @ He adapted it as he went along. B The main character is based on himself. C It caused him to doubt his writing ability. o He struggled to portray the main character.
14 In the second paragraph, SaWs implies that his novels differ from those of many other crime writers in that A the events in the storylines are not in chronological order. @ he prefers his characters to feature prominently throughout. C his storylines are based mainly on flashbacks. o the plots are rather slow to develop.
15 In paragraph three, the writer wonders if his reaction to Sallis' novels are due to the fact that
@ the plot is not the central focus. B the storylines are hard to follow. C the writing style is very descriptive. o the storylines mirror human experience.
16 What does 'all that' (line 42) refer to? A the intricacies of a plotline
® aspects of a novel that a reader can identify with C detailed descriptions of characters D the elements of a novel that set the scene
17 According to the fourth paragraph, one way in which 8allis' upbringing is reflected in his books is through A his poetic writing style. B the themes he explores. C a focus on characters from the lower class. @ some of the dialogue between characters. 18 What do we learn about Sallis in the sixth paragraph? A He was heavily influenced by collaboration with other writers. B He doesn't see himself as an exceptionally good crime writer.
© He is dismissive of the way he is defined as a writer.
D He wanted to take an established writing style a step further.
19 In the final paragraph, what does 8allis conclude about his writing projects? A He always starts with the basis of a novel and then sees how it develops. He doesn't envisage them being ambitious projects at the start. C He enjoys not knowing what direction they will eventually take. D He doesn't base his expectations on previous results .
®
.,
':'
75
PART 4
EXOm ~ Have you selected all the sections at
You are going to read about some unusual places In London. For questions 20-34, choose from the sections (A¥F) . The sections may be chosen more than once. Note: When more than one choice Is required, these may be given in any order.
least once? Which place(s}/bu8Ines8{es) has an external appearance whICh doesn't distinguish itself
in any way?
offers a custom-made s8fVice?
121I D
made changes after acknowledging an influx of a partlcular
1221
kind of customer?
does not house anything made
In
large quantitIes?
----
have little room that is left unaccounted for?
seems to prefer keeping a low profile?
124 1A 11 25 1B 1261A
may not be open to visitors for much longel'?
128 I F
offers visitors something that probably far exceeds their
129 1B 130 I Cl
hosts unpubliclsed events?
131 1E
may be able to offer a member of the public expert assistance?
132 1Cl
may cause an inclMdual to k$e their enthusiasm for using
133 1D
something? houses a feature whose 1ntrinsic qualities make a deeper point?
76
123 1E
127 1E
expectatiOns?
,
E
can be found close to many other similar ptaces/businesses?
houses a collection which Is worthy of being attributed greater importance?
..,.
120 I F
134 1F
The Eccentric's Guide to London Mat Osmon is the editor of Le Cool London, a weekly cmoil dedicated 10 digging up the best o/what London has to offer. Some saJ ;I:r the best Ustitlgs collection in the cUy, alld this year Ihey've pub/bolted one DJ Ihe most ««ntr;c guidebooks about Wndon. Here art a few !av,mrile erUrie.\,
A The Wapping Project • doeMl't show up on taxi ciMB' radaB, and tile webslte doesn't Ml dui W'I iCI)1tq IS . . . . . . IS lI'Iiddress or • phOoe number. "" n', almost ID those runnirI9 !he W!pp!Ml Protect don't wan( 't?J 10 find It - but Ihat'd be I 5hamI because IhIs Is a famasbc gallery. like a baby Tate Modem, the gallery Is set In an old ~ industn31 space. but unlil
IhI Thames as IhI _ l
D: The Jukebol Showroom Ovef 20,000 old recOfds in blank cardboard sIeeYes Ine the back room 01 Ray and Steve's JukeboK Showroom 1f)'Oll buy one 01 !heir VII'Uge boQS you can fill! WIffl ~hitever you 11\8 - and for 61\ t3.SO. pop they'. even get ¥O!! 13'tOUntP IlJne bwlSlelled to vInYl ? ~ Brothet's SteYe and Ray have been dOOg this for 12 years - they buy 'em, mend 'em and seU 'em on, so the shop feels more like UUllt home than a showroom Pop Ill, gel SIeve to make you a cup of tea (he makes a mean brew) and crank out SuspICIous ~ on 1he old Seetuv 200; after the <*t beast cractdes Into ife IOd tiIs the room wilt! its huge, wann sound.
E: NOG I:s been
8· Krlstin 8aybars "ThIs Is not a toy shop.- It slates on the cobwebby door IIn I tlat row of shopS by Gospel Oak station And Ifs not It IS a ~ lJtputian wor1d 01 doI's nooses and fumrture, rface ~ ctMred WICh 40 years wont! of tIrrt works of at! - coal s . pia'" ~ food. pe~ .... _ • Is IhI personoI _ d K!Isbn ,..".. ... has - ' 40 '"'" moidng _ _ by """ and is SUI fuI 01 !he wonder 01 _ all: aM It Is a 'NOtkshop, ShOwroOm and fTlJseum. And 11 Is also one of the ITIOSI oddly beautrhi places 11 London. Ftaruong 10,000 intricately crafted househok:Iltems. atT10gId across rooms and benches aod display ~cases, Hthis were an art~ 11 wooId bit anabooal~, on display In the Tate Of the Bnttsh Museum lnstead ~'$ here on Mansfield Road, betund a cWap!dated dOOr 00 whiCh hangs I
~~~~~~~iIIl~~.~...j!art COYerBd wG'I tIntastic
wor1c. tom from nocetM:ris the sheI\teS 11'1 IYI of W1y one-person larlZlne5 Youl find tiny 000CIIea next to InI1Icate sprawling ~. and wor1
helpful ,., remmdlng you what ~ is 001
F Phllght (j{j) C·
Postclrd re••
"'"\.11:'5 I surprise to ~ any kind ~ barpai'! on New BCW'Id Street. let alone london's best cup of tea tor a YfItY reasonab6e £l.SO But Postcard Teas Isn't your lvetage kind 01 place Brainchild at tea· lover extraordinalre, IJaveflef and aII-rouod good egg TImothy d'Offay, !he bny shop is 00mI to all kinds 01 tatlleas from your ~ ooIong to your chaJ n)'Oll get !kno!hy IimseIf seMng you {and ~ kwId of !hen Itu little like I PicII: a P.IC1 one and you can even send It oIt 1$ • IhI """'" own _ inside
~
OutsIde youl be sure you're In the wror'l'll place.
---
PART 1
Exam ~ While writing your answer, avoid
copying from the original more than Is necessary. Although you are not
(1 hour 30 minutes)
You must answer this question. Write your answer in 18().220 words in an appropriate styfe. You are a primary school teacher who recently took your class to an art gallery. A few days later you read this 'letter to the editor' in a local newspaper. Read the extract from the letter below with your handwritten notes and the extract from the letter from a member of the public as well as the pupils' comments. Then, using the Information appropriately, write your own letter to the editor of the newspaper, expressing your disagreement with the contents of the 'letter to the editor' that you read.
expected to add ideas of your own, you should use your own words as far as possible.
Ik-~ """'~ _-/heir.-l
wen, "'"" ....don't get me wrong. I'm not against school parties visiting the gallery. However, during my visit last week I was suddenly surrounded by a horde of eami insolent children. T id no attention halSCle\'ef to the works on display, lacked discipline and obviously saw the trip as an excuse to miss school. The teachers did nothing to counter this behaviour, which was completely inappropriate for our town's finest pllery. Art requires peace and quiet to be lruly appreciated. Ch;Idren(pUSh;ng ~ not create an atmosphe
'""~ "'"""
Plea9C: find enc:lo&ed a photo I took of one of yc'IU' pupll~ next: to • V., GorJ't. May I ~try how j.~ I wr.; with the roy [n the: photo. He we oIMou&ly ~joyine hi& viM t;O the gallery very m.JCh N 1'1.11& extremely polite CO my Il'IOther at"Id my&elf. We a l&o very I1'1JCh ~joyed l1eaine nlm tell U!t everything he IW t• ..".,J al>out the p""""",,
It was great to see paintings which I'd only seen in books before.
lleamt loads. I'll definitely go againl
Write your letter. You do not need to Include postal addresses.
78
Exam~ Information leaflets need an appropriate layout. They should be eye-catching and reader-friendly. The information needs 10 be presented clearly_ Headings and sub-headings should be included. Use a direct and friendly style.
Write an answer to one of the of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style.
2
You are a member of your university orientation committee. You have been asked to write an information leaflet describing a selection of leisure facilities available at your university. You should give a brief description of each club, outline their main activities, and give any other information you think is relevant to new students.
Write the text for your leaflet.
3 There have been a number of complaints recently from students living on your college campus. They complain of littering on the campus as well as graffiti on buildings and other cases of vandalism. The students have held a meeting to discuss ways of improving the situation. You have been asked to write a report for the college principal outlining the problem and suggesting ways of improving the situation. Write your report.
The Tourist Information Board is publishing some new material to encourage more tourists to visit your country this year and is asking for articles persuading tourists to visit your area. Write your article, giving some background information about your area, describing two of your favourite local tourist spots and explaining why tourists might enjoy visiting your area. Write your article.
Answer one of the following two questions based on one of the books you have read. (a) Your teacher has asked you to write an essay saying which character in the book you find most interesting. You should describe this character and say why you think he or she is the most interesting character in the story. (b) A bookshop website has invited its readers to send in a review of a book. You decide to write a review one of the books you have read, briefly outlining the plot and saying whether or not you recommend it to other readers and why.
79
PART 1
Exam~
(1 hour)
For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A. B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Make sure the word
you choose fits the style of the text, which may be formal or fairly informal.
0 A says
Example,
B does
© delivers
o
announces
LIO---,-I__C_ _-,I-,==--O-,='"'-'I
POWER SPEAK
lOll
,re.m, a m~tmg . an dh delivers hYau t e mark· etmg manager stan ds up an d(O) ................................. a speec. listen (1) ..... /1.. .h<.M.J.I .. I,(.U..Y,. ................ , hanging onto her every word, but slowly your mind (2) .......... ,w..fU1 .. .£.(,)........... '1:/ ••••• and you find yourself planning the weekly shop. You don't mean to be impolite, but you're not quite up to the mark on the most recent power sp eak. Her talk of "fishing where the fish swim" and "making significant inroads in~'Je~~ailing" leave you (3) .........W.fI...l1..rAlt.;.'.. I1.y. ......... why you're the only person who hasn't got a(n) (4) .................. ~ .................... what's going on. Don't panic, you've just been subjected to the latest barrage of business 'bu~ords'. g() (0/1< 0(1 f{ ({{f (5) ............ .c{Ji.a..c.L~J .................. shows that up to 75% of office employees engage in the use of such meeting. room jargon to give the (6) ...../ .h1..j!I./.0:1.JO'14........... that they have power. If you're not up.to.dJ te you m;y find that you are no longer taken serious{y by your colleal ues. power speak is a game completely (7) ...... (J..O.k!. ..!1.L ......... . up with group idcp.tificativ/ and the (8) ......... ..l.'(...r&M..5...U?./!.J ............. of outsiders who don't know the language. As (9) ...........cK{{r.?.r.J:] ..{............... as its usage may be, not everyone is impressed by it. Many find it irritating and (10) ............... /..l..j..a. .r::.v.J ................... those who indulge in it as pretentious and }Omewh3) ridiculous. Nonetheless, pO>ker speak is here to stay and the Internet has (11) ..... .//l1...kf..ttd.. f1. ........................... its part in providing a wealth of newYl cabulary. We can now 'down load' (share ideas) «:'ith cotfeagues, make 'guesstimates' or if all else (12) ............t< .~ .l.{............................., experience a 'hard·drive crash' (nervous breakdown). Don't fee l downhearted if mosfbf this goes over your head. It is estimated that 20% of people who use jargon don't know what it means either. · t he scene, Plcture
11
1 A precisely 2 A walks 3
® wondering
4 @ clue
5 A Inquiry 6 A feeling 7 A mixed 8 A elimination 9 A sizeable 10
® regard
11 A taken 12 A falls
80
® attentively B B B B
D conscientiously
C races
thinking
C imagining
D reflecting
hint
C idea
D indication
Examination
C Study
® impression B caught
B B B B
C accurately
strolls
prevention
D effect
© bound
D made
© exclusion C inflated
mention
C note
@ fails
@ Research
C sense
elevated run
@ wanders
D separation
® extensive D observe
© played
D done
C breaks
D goes
Test 4 PART 2
Exom~ There may be more than one correct answer, but do not write more than one word in each gap.
For questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
I0 I
ABOUT
I=0= I
i Bridging the Gap_ _v C/NI YJ 1/,( o r-l,.,...
You're just (0) . ... 3~P.~YL ....
to finish seh
or university, or
you've se ed (U) .... J'!.~~~~~.~
.....
a job that just isn't doing it for you - now what?
Some big decisions are looming. Do you step straight (14) ........9f.1.(g........ the conveyor belt of more academic education? Do you plunge headlong into a career-
for-life? Perhaps you're not quite prepared to go down that road just (15) ......... .Y.~t. ......., or at least (16) ......... m?t. ....... directly. Finishing school is a unique time (17) ........ ..In........... anyone's life. Options are virtually limitless and responsibilities are relatively few (18) .... .....I!.IJ#. ........ far between. It's the perfect time (19) ......... J9. .......... pursue those things you've always wanted to do. You could travel, learn another language, do conservation work, or teach in another country. (20) ........ I~~
......... possibilities are endless.
Every year, more and more people are deciding that the conveyor belt is not (21) ......... 1.9.(. ......... them, including (22) ....... ~n~~y........ people who are already (23) ..........9.r!. ......... it. Instead, they are opting to (24) ....... J~.~~
out for themselves, to do some exploring, gain a (25) ........ !!m~
........
some time
........ life experience
and find (26) .........9.~.t ........ where their interests lie. They're deciding to take a gap year and discover for themselves (27) ........~.~~t
...... really matters and where their
true place in the world will be.
81
v
PART 3
Exam~ When you have finished, read through the text with the words inserted, to see if it makes sense.
For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that frts in the gap In the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
I0 I DISAGREEMENT I=
0=
I
l:.E'r $l.EEPiNQ SEARS l..iE 00 bears hibernate? Although this question may never have
occurred to you, it is a subject of (0) ...~!.~.~~L among
AGREE
scientists. (28) ....... .I:!H~J1m~JigD. ... _... is characterised by the
HIBERNATE
(29) .........r.e.d.uc.tio.o ......... of body temperature to almost O· C, as
REDUCE
well as a much slower heartbeat and (30) ......... b.r.e.a1hillg........ .
BREATH
rate. Bears have the second of these characteristics, having a heartrate that slows less than half its normal rate during their prolonged period of wint'" (31) ........ dQl.mal!c~.: ..
..However. their body temP0f81ure undergoes relatively (32) ....!9!i19mfl.C.g.11.L .
DORMANT SIGNIFY
changes during this time, dropping just)l-~ qegrees. Also, bears
are more (33) ..... _.......f~~.~Uy.............. ~ from their sleeping
==:: ::~I~g=;:; ~~~.~~~~7~~~.~~~~:: during the
Wj~;;r Some
EASY BORN
scientists, however. hold the
(35) ............./;?'U~t ............. that bears do in fact hibernate. They
BEUEVE
point out that their massive bodies do not lose as much (36) ..............n.~~L
............ as the much smaller bodies of fellow
HOT
hibernators. and that is why their body temperature remains (37) y.rJ{;lJ.~r.C!.~.(IJ.r.~~f!r;.~Uy high. Whether bears are really hibernating or not. however, one thing is for sure - bears will continue to sleep away the winter.
82
CHARACTER
Test 4 PART 4
Exam ~ The words before or after the gap will usually tell you if the word you are looking for is part of an expression.
For questions 38-42 think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. Here is an example (0) .
o She commented that it was about ....... .f!r!J.~ ........ she started helping more around the house. People's eating habits have d rastically changed over .. .... J!m.~ ........ . We took ...... Jtm.~
Example:
o
........ to stop and admire the view on our journey. TIME
l ~o~1
38 All the toys in the shop are made individually by .......~.~m!. .......
.
Sarah promised her mother that she would give her a .. ... . .lJJW.ct .... . with the
housework after school. The students have been told that they must ....... !J.~nC!. ....... in their essays by Friday.
39 Why don't we go for a ....... ~~f'!!~........ along the coast this afternoon? I paid them more than I expected; they .. ..... d(('r~........ a hard bargain! Sorry but this music is going to ...... J:J.t:!.I(~........ me mad!
40 The teacher waited for the class to .......~~m~
....... down before she began the
lesson. It took Anna a few months to .......~.~f!l~ ....... into her new school. I'd like to ....... ~~.~!~....... my account, please.
41
hI James leaned over to .. .... .../'~g............ the candle on the table. It was just getting ...... )~g.IJ.L ..... outside as June left the house to go to work that morning. New evidence came to ...... Ji9.0L ...... in the case after months of investigation .
42 The news reporter .... £.t;?~~t~~ .... the story from start to finish. The forest fire .....~9.'!!~.t:~~ .... an area of nearly five square miles He .....t;.9.'!!~.t:~~ .... his face with his scarf to protect himself from the icy wind.
83
PARTS
Exam~ Look at the word given and run through different ways in which it can be used 10 see if any of these uses will fit.
For questions 43·50 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given . You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).
o He always gives the impression that he's very confident.
ACROSS He always .................................................................................. very confident. Example:
o
ICOMES ACROSS AS BEING I=
0 =
I
43 As well as burning the steaks, I also overcooked the potatoes!
DID
..
..... , but I also overcooked the potatoes.
Not ..... 9.':!!y...r:J.!~IP.~mJ!.J.~ ~.~~~~.~
44 The novelist is just about to sign a million pound contract.
VERGE The novelist is ........9.n. .~n~ .y.~r9~..qf. .~/gD/I]9. ....... a million pound contract. 45 Steve's parents were not surprised by his exam results.
CAME Steve's test results ...............~~m.~ . ~.~. J1!? .~Y.'J?r{~~Jq............... his parents. 46 Because it's raining so heavily, the match will have to be cancelled.
VIEW In ..........¥..~~¥'!.. 9.Uf.1.~ ..f.1.~!!.'(yJ~lrJ ......... , the match will have to be cancelled. 47 My girlfriend doesn't really want us to go out tonight.
RATHER My girtfriend .................. w.gy.~q..r:!l.t.f.1.~r.. '!!(~..g;#.(O.................. go out tonight. 48 I couldn't write the report because my laptop craShed.
PREVENTED I ... w.~.~. p.r.~y.~!J.~~p..tr.qm. . w.r.Wng ... the report because my laptop crashed. 49 The police arrested the man because they suspected he had carried out several burglaries in the area.
SUSPICION
A man was arrested .... ~r.'..~y.~p.!~l.9.n. .qf..~~r.tym.g . g,HL . several burglaries in the area. 50 Bill didn't think that Michael could fix his car.
ABILITY Bill didn't think that Michael .............. f:J.~~fJh~..~PH~w.JqJ~~ .............. his car.
84
Test 4 PART 1
Exam~ Make sure you take full advantage of the preparation time by reading through each question and thinking about the situation you are about to hear.
(Approximately 40 minutes)
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A. B Of C) which you think fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
EXTRACT 1 You hear an interview with advertising executive JamBS Alexander.
1 Why does James compare himself to a car? A to demonstrate how he channelled his energy B to explain how he changed his attitude C to emphasise the fast pace of his life 2
11 Is
Looking back, how does James see his first job? A as a lucky break B as a necessary hardship C as a waste of time
12 lA
EXTRACT 2 You hear two friends talking about a sailing trip.
3 How did the girl persuade her brother to go on the trip? A She promised him that the trip would be short. B She assured him that he would enjoy himseH. C She convinced him that it would do him good.
13 le I
4 What mistake did the girl and her brother make? A They didn't listen to the weather forecast. B They didn't thoroughly check the boat. C They steered the boat incorrectly.
14 IS
EXTRACT 3 You hear an interview with a product designer Paul Roberts.
5 What does Paul aim to do when designing new products? A to take inspiration from others' successful designs B to ensure his designs reflect who he is C to come up with original designs
15 le I
6 What does Paul find most rewarding about exhibiting his work? A meeting the challenge of putting an exhibition together B seeing first hand the reactions of the public to his work C realising that there is a demand for his products
16 IS
85
PART 2
Exam~
You will hear part of a radio programme about genetically modified food. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Always make sure that your answer fits grammatically and
makes sense.
Europeans have a(o) L-________s~U~S~P~/~·C~iO ~U~S____________~IL7~lattitude towards genetically modified food.
At present. acres of genetically modified crops in the USA number
I
Isl·
76 million
By the year 2100 the majority
oflL_______n_o_n_-_w_il_d..:p_l_a_n_ts_ _ _ _ _.l1_9.J1
will be genetically modified.
Only
Iis considered a more pressing
L _______ u_n_e_m -'p_/o-'yc..m __e_n_t__________.l1_1_0
issue than GM foods by residents of some nations.
Allergic reactions are caused by a small number of
....:..p::.r.::o.:.te~i.n:.: :. s______....L11.:..::.;1I
LI _ _ _ _ _ _
in foods.
This could be avoided through
I
(clear) labelling
the prod UCL.
Weeds may be able to resist
weed killers
, Genetically modified plants are only different in that they better display
1 86
(the) qualities
1141 that humans consider impor tant.
---:;;';-4 . . . PART 3
Exam~ Narrow down your choices after listening for the first time.
You will hear part of a radio interview in which an actor, Harry Jones, is talking about his career. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, e , C or 0) which fits best according to what you hear.
15 How does Harry view the media attention he is receiving? @ He sees it as a temporary intrusion. S He sees it as being beneficial to his career. C He sees it as a tiring distraction. o He sees it as a measure of his success. 16 What did Harry find difficult about his latest role? having to learn a new skill B adapting to the demanding schedule C working with a large number of people o wearing awkward costumes and heavy make-up
@
17 Harry attributes much of the criticism of his perfonnance in his new role to the fact that A he is older than his character is supposed to be. e he was relatively unknown before he was given the part. viewers need time to get used to him playing the role. D the actor who played his character previously was very different.
©
18 What did Harry appreciate about working in the theatre? A working nearer to home @ having time for family holidays C going on tour D having a shorter wor1
@
87
PART 4
Exam ~ When listening for the second time, complete the
You will hear five short extracts in which students are talking aboul their academic life. While you listen you must complete both tasks.
1
answers you missed as well as
TASK ONE
confirming the
For questions 21·25, choose from the list A-H the subject each stud ent is studying.
answers you completed during the first listening.
A
Law
B
Psychology
C Physics 0
Journalism
E Economics F Art
Speaker 1
D
21
Speaker 2
H
22
Speaker 3
B
23
Speaker 4
F
24
Speaker 5
G
25
G Information technology H
Fashion design
TASK TWO For questions 26-30 , choose from the list A-H what aspect of their studies each
speaker focuses on.
A improving their general career prospects
B an area of weakness that he/she needs to
Speaker 1
B
26
Speaker 2
H
27
Speaker 3
C
28
Speaker 4
F
29
Speaker 5
A
30
work on
C their enthusiasm for the subject 0
their reasons for choosing the course
E learning to juggle various responsibilities
F enjoying the student lifestyle
G the different pressures of their course H getting their work noticed by others
88
Test 5 PART 1
(1 hour 15 minutes)
You are going to read three extracts which are all concerned in some way with work. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the
text.
For a week she enjoyed her liberty
heartily,
then
set about
finding
something to do. Her wish was to be a governess, that being the usual refuge for respectable girls who have a living
m to
get. But (hristie soon found her
" \ want of accomplishment a barrier to success in that line, for the mothers
thought less of the solid than of ornamental branches. and wished their little darlings to learn French before English, music before grammar, and drawing before writing.
So after several disappointments.
teaching. Sewing she resolved not to try until all else failed; and, after a few more attempts to get writing to do, she said to herself in a fit of humility r'21 and good sense: I'll begin at the ? beginning and work my way up. I'll put my pride in my pocket, and go out to service. Housework I like, and can do well, thanks to aunt Betsey. I never thought it degradation to do it for her, so why should I mind doing it for others if they pay for it? It isn't what I want, but it's better than idleness, so I'll try it!
(hristie gave up on the idea of
1 Why was Christie not suitable for a job as a teacher? A She had no previous teaching experience. S The parents found her low-class background unacceptable. Typical positions required skills she did not have. D She disagreed too much with the demands of the parents.
©
2 Regarding Christie's decision to become a servant in a house, we learn that she A made it mainly for economic reasons. @ saw it as preparation for her future. C wasn't sure if she was suitable for such a job. o resented the fact that it was her only choice.
89
PART 1
Hire Education Job ads are written in a strange, impenetrable language. LeJ A/ice WignaJ/ translate. As 0 lowly job hunter, one could be forgiven for feeling o little bitter. There you ore, 0 hard-working and talented individual, simply trying to escope the misery of your current job, and we all know what 0 Herculean task that con be. But do would-be employers ease your despair? Why nol They plunge you
even deeper inlo it,
of job ads no normal person con understand, written in some kind of · recruilmentese- . Honesriy, how hard con it be to pen 0 quick od and then sit back and wait for the flood of hopeful responses to arrive? Quite hard, apparently. For one thing, no company wants 0 flood of applications. It IDJ es time and energy to deal with them and 011 the spelling mistokes ore
just really depressing_ The fewer the better - so long os the few ore 011 brilliant candidates. -The true skill behind good recruitment is to captivate the right people with the
"
via the medium
~nf,f;;;;;;;~'
course, once you are you and turned into gloves, i speaking , but that is a problem for when you've got the job. Before then, you need to learn to read berween the lines, to make sure you get the right role and the company. C VVI d t4 ~ '01
A(I(V.aJ,
6
IiIIIU?j~ ti.
,;r','r;1J~
3 According to the writer, employers write job ads in a particular style in order to A hide the downsides of the job. B attract only serious applications. C test the intelligence of applicants. @ attract the perfect candidate for the job.
4 In the third paragraph , the writer makes a comparison between the job hunter and a rabbit in order to emphasise A the difficulty job hunters have in finding the right position. the effort that employers must make to entice the right candidate. C the attitude that job hunters should have towards potential employers. o the advantage that recruiters have over job hunters.
®
90
Test 5
How to be ha
I .I
Many of us like to think our ideas of success are sophisticated: we understand happiness isn't all about money, work or being the best. We prize ~balance~ or, if we're relentless workers, tell ourselves we do it for
fulfilment, not cash . But, according to Harvard Business School professors Laura Nash and Howard Stevenson, we're kidding ourselves if we think this will make us hapPf'- Our new definitions of suc.cess, they
write in their book Just Enough. can be more problematic than the old ones.
It's easy, for example, to mock prescriptions for happiness based on ever greater wealth: we know that people who make £1m just end up wanting £10m. But the focus on cash is only half the problem. The other is the infinitude - and consequent unachievability - of the goal. ~Am I making the most of my life?~ Nash and Stevenson point out, is just as infinite a question as, ~Am I rich enough ?~ albeit more spiritual-sounding. Set it as a target. and you'll never get there.
The obvious objection is that such goals aren't meant to be completed, but to propel us ever forwards. Yet in Nash and Stevenson's interview-based studies, the truly happy weren't locked in constant striving after a single goal, even that of ~making the most of your life~. Nor, though, were they living in ftwork-life balance~. That, the authors write, l§ another unattainable target. Our multiple goals will naturally dash, and seeking a static, permanent, clash-free state is a recipe for misery. For Nash and Stevenson's happy people, by contrast, the secret of success was that there was no single secret. They had I I i 11 into place and they could say they'd done it.
,- " Ufl 5 What is implied about happiness in the first Dalraarao,h? A It comes from having a balance9 approach to life. B It can't be achieved through anyone thing. People still hold wrong beliefs about it. o Few people manage to find it.
©
6
On the whole, Nash and Stevenson believe that happiness is achieved by
® focusing on the ongoing process of achieving goals.
B achieving one goal and then moving on to the next. C completing as many goals as possible in a short time. each individual finding their own personal goals.
o
91
PART 2 You are going to read an extract from a magazine article. $(X paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (7-12). There is one extra paragraph which you
do not need to use.
~~Jdi~ water, Turn on the cold water in a power shower and stay there for 10 tortuous minutes 10 get some idea of how numbingly nippy it is abseiling down a waterfall in the Lakeland fells. Then slip on a wet suit and try it for real- because aquaseiling, as this invigorating pursuit is known, is worth adding to the list of action sports you really ought to try.
my footing and swing sideways into a cu rtain of water. I feel as if I am back under the power shower as freezing spray is forced inside the collar of my wet suit and out again through the tops of my boots. I have now lost sight of Gray.
E
Even if I had frozen with fear or caught the fingers of my gloves in my abSeil device, I would have been in no danger. Gray could have simply tied me off, found out what was wrong, then lowered me away. I regain my precarious footing. My body temperature is rising fast inside the wet suit, so I no longer notice quite how icy the water is. I am feeling strangely pleased with myself.
While fIxing an ~irectlY over a scudding cascade is something most experienced cl imbers religiously avoid, others with a thirst for adventure have been doing it for fun for about a decade. Even in winter.
G Thus harnessed and roped up, I edge backwards towards the lip of my first "nurserY' waterfall in Church Beck in the Coppermines Valley, near Coniston in Cumbria. My guide is Steve Gray, who is methodical and thorough. He checks and re-checks the belay or anchor points. ropes, harness and karabiners, leaving nothing to chance. More accidents occur when abseiling than when climbing. But most are due to human error and are avoidable.
D I feel my way over the edge, where knee-high water deluges down the near-vertical slabs. Suddenly, I lose
92
on tha rocks
A
F Does he have occasional dramas? "People have dramas in their own heads. It is one of the more dangerous outdoor activities, but it is well-managed," he says.
B "Up here, there's the added exposure and height that you don't experience abseiling in a narrow beck," he says, as he sets up the anchor points. "We're plenty high enough up here and this is a perfect little waterfall. This is where you'll really find out what aquaseiling is about." Lordy.
.
A "It's a bit slippery," he bellows, trying not 10 laugh too much as my smooth-soled plimsolls slither in all directions. Fortunately I am attached to a safety rope so, even if I .were IQ let go, I would simply , dangle.
.
B
Less than an clothes and asce ;:;;n""'''"a' ,;;rack to Lo,¥ Water Tarn in the shadow of the grassy flanks of Coniston Old Man, southemmost of the major central Lakeland fells. We trace the edges of Low Water Beck, which flows from the tarn towards the cliffs, and we rest where it crashes over the edge. There are three 100ft pitches between us and thc valley floor. We have lunch, then climb into our wet suits once more.
C
.
Test 5 '
--
F The sudden' mersion has stimulated a tidal wave of endorphins cl I am grinning rather than groanmg when, finally, I plop into the neck-deep pool at the fool of the drop. Although previous experience certainly helps, it is not mandatory. "I take groups on a dry run before we start, to make sure they understand the rope techniques," says Gray. G
Cold-water therapy improves your circulation and boosts your immune system, but the idea of being immersed in an icy torrent for several minutes at a time sounds Jjke masochism. Yet, strangely, once cocooned in wet1tn\ helmct, neoprene gloves, boots and ~id. I feel supremely prepared.
A tremendous sense of panic suddenly gripped me. Having volunteered to try the new sport of aquaseiling. I am now seriously regretting having such a foolhardy thirst for adventure. The water was freezing. Even though I am kitted out with a harness and a helmet, it is a small comfort as I hang there, unable to regain my balance.
D Gray is shaven-headed beneath his helmet, but doesn't feel the cold. " I'm used to it," he yells above the thunder of the water. "Now, just step to your right and enjoy yourself." Gray is always looking for new aquaseiling descents in the Lakes or in the Yorkshire Dales. He takes groups of up to eight people (aged at least 18) on day-long, miniexpeditions whenever weather conditions allow. G
quaseiling is not to be confused with its close cousin. canyoning, which is 20 years old. Canyoning invo lves shding, jumping and swimming down ravines along the course of youthful streams. Aquaseiling is about negotiating waterfalls with
ropes_
93
PART 3
•
You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 13-19, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
·Unwanted Guests New York is the perfect city for a mini-break, says rim Geary. Just don " stay at my place. I hate early autumn. I hate its deep blue skies and late summer winds, its new plays and films, its alluring beauty. J hate it because it means one thing: houseguest season in New York. That doesn't mean I can hunt them (I wish), but that they're here to visit. These guests never take on ~ January's biting winds or the swelter of mid-August. They p(prefer to spoil the beautiful months. They want to torture me now. Since I moved to New York from England in 1989, I have become accuslomed to chirpy midsummer calls setting up visits in the fall. 'It's been loo long!' an old friend will begin. I know what's coming next: 'So we thOUght we'd come to New York!' 'Great!' I long to reply. 'Come for coffee. Ay in, fly out, I'm busy.' And yet, because this man was my tennis partner in college or that woman gave birth to me, I agree to have them to stay, knowing as I speak the error of my ways. The truth is that houseguests have no place in New York City. More to the point, they should have no place but they usually do - mine. Over the next three months, I have twelve people coming to stay. I feel like the manager ~ at the Plaza, only less well dressed. It isn't that I'm mean. R I know the pleasure found in staying with friends in Dallas or Seattle. I appreciate being collected from the airport and chauffe ured around my friends' cities. I recognise the luxury in spreading out my clothes across the floor of a tidy spare room. But in New York there are few spare rooms. We live in tiny apartments. We rarely have cars. We work at jobs that don't permit leisurely lunches. More important, New Yorkers choose a pace that is exclusively our own, finding / neighbourhoods and jobs and lovers to suit that style. Houseguests. with their lazy hometown ways, arrive in our apartments at a different speed. Like the specks of dirt I \ that get stuck between the grooves of a CD, they interrupt I 'the sound and rhythm of our days. As any adult with parents knows, nothing interrupts a life more Ihan having your fol ks back in it. My parents, whom I love deeply from afar, are slaying with me now .
94
.•.
Because they travel like refugees, seemingly with
their~ne 39
life's possessions, my apartment looks like a check-in desk al Miami airport over spring break. And it is my wife, Sarah, and I who feel like the travellers. While my parents sleep in the bedroom, we clamber over bags and wrestle with the springs of the sofa bed I chose for ils lack of inviting comfort. As I watch the VCR's clock blink into the
small hours, I can hear the snores from the bedroom's well-padded mattress.
The daylight hours are yet worse. Houseguests claimthey are keen to see how we live, yet they have no interest in which grocer's mango is 20 cents cheaper or where to find a dry cleaner that will protect your buttons with foil. Instead, visitors expect to be presented with a New York that isn't our own. They want to take cabs, not subways; to meander along leafy streets, not be asked to jaywalk across four-lane avenues; to run into Woody Alien at the ~ Carnegie Deli, not your chiropractor at the local diner. They want to know when the Circle Line leaves or which clubs offer techno on Mondays. If you don't know the answers, they look at you as if you don't belong. The truth, of course, is that New Yorkers take no interest in the things tourists crave. We want to know where our chiropractor buys his mangoes. Occasionally, perfect houseguests do appear, stoppingby for a nighl or two to show the others up. They pack lightly. They are not vegetarians or insomniaes-...TheyJjke .Jfil\ your cilS:'""They buy wine and milk and don't have long ~ showers on their vacation, at least not in your apartment. And they leave when they promise, or sooner. But they are rare. From next year on, I'm just going 10 say no. I realise that while it is said that houseguesls, like fish, stay fresh for If9l only three days. in New York their shelf life is much ? shorter. Like bagels, they need only a few hours before they become very stale indeed.
Test 5-;11
13 What does the writer say in the first paragraph regarding visits from family and friends? A They intrude on the precious time he reserves for his family. B They disrupt his routine at a particularly busy time of year.
© They ruin for him what would otherwise be a pleasant season. o They force him to be hospitable to people he doesn't know well. 14 Regarding the twelve people coming to stay with him, the writer says that he
A doubts that they will be appreciative of his hospitality.
® understands their motives for wanting to stay with him. e thinks that it would be better for them to stay in a hotel. D hopes that he will be able to stay with them in return. 15 The main reason why the writer believes houseguests are not for New York is that A most New Yorkers live in very overcrowded conditions. B they expect a level of attention that New Yorkers cannot give them. C New York's residential neighbourhoods are not visitor-friendly.
@ they interfere with the unique lifestyles of New Yorkers. 16 The writer mentions refugees in line 39 to emphasise
® the amount of luggage his parents travel with. B the extent to which his parents' visit inconveniences his life. C the lack of space in his apartment for visitors. o the feelings he has towards his parents when they visit. 17 In the fifth paragraph, the writer criticises houseguests for the fact that A they have no respect for the way New Yorkers live. B they have many misconceptions about New York.
© they lack the desire to experience the real New York. o they are not interested in meeting real New Yorkers. 18 In the sixth paragraph, the writer describes a good houseguest as being one who is A honest. B unconventional. C easy-going.
@
unobtrusive.
V
19 In the final paragraph, the wriler concludes that A New Yorkers should refuse all houseguests. the novelty of being a houseguest in New York soon wears off. New Yorkers should limit houseguests 10 a three-day visit. houseguests quickty outstay their welcome in New York.
95
PART 4 You are going to read a newspaper article about four women and their different careers. For
questions 20-34, choose from the sections (A-D) . The sections may be chosen more than
once. Note: When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order.
Which woman/women says people in her field should be willing to look at their work with a critical eye? has come to be considered a specialist in her field? wants to plan how to ~ad range of people to consider an issue to be importan .
believes in the importance of the public's perception of people like her?
1221
A
1
A. The Barrister
1231
A 1
B. The TV Director
----------------------------------------------------------------------- C. The Marketing describes how she feels when she sees the results of her work?
Director D. The Scientist
desires a future project to cause people to experience conflicting emotions?
6~w I
~-~---------------------------------------------------------------------------
rk
---
on omething new at what seemed to be a risky time?
I 26 I c I
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
talks about her satisfaction with the point she is at in her career? mentions currently feeling overwhelmed by the importance of her job?
1281
A
1311
A 1
1321
D 1
1
mentions the way people react to her when they meet her? believes that some different concerns are more similar than people might think? has devoted a lot of time to bringing two different groups of people closer together?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------mentions issues that have made people more uncertain about the reliability of others? was headhunted for a position?
96
1331
D 1
~
.
Test 5
CAREERS TODAY Women today are making their mark on the working world. Libby Brooks introduces four women on their way to the top.
A: Barrister: Shami Chakrabarti Shami Chakrabarti readily admits that her new position as ="::'==~. the country's foremost human rights
am, 'The more per'sor,,1 But I think i adds i Chakrabarti was called to the bar in 1994, after studying law at the London School of Economics. She says that she has always been fascinated by politics, and that she sees the law as a political matter, not a rigid set of rules to apply. "I'm most passionate about the relationship between the individual and the state, i individual with wider community interests and realising that the two are not in as stark opposition as is often suggested." Top of her "to do" list is making the organisation more proactive. "Uberty has always had to react, and we've got such a high profile because we're one of the few organisations that is prepared to do so. I
B: TV Director: Minkie Spiro Minkie Spiro got a first-class degree from Central St Martins College of Art, worked as a photographer for four years, then got a masters in film directing from the Royal College of Art. She has made award-winning documentaries such as Lock Up Your Daughters and received a Bafta nomination for directing Holby City, which she finds "hilarious," She has just finished directing the drama No Angels for Channel 4. Minkie starts filming this week on a big budget drama for BBCl called Hustle. Her ultimate dream is to make a feature film -
i i i suddenly everything comes together: il is aOOut: a team putting their heads together to create a piece of art. What I love most is the moment when you turn words into pictures. I get a script, 1 have a vision, and when it's translated into a
,
CAREERS TODAY C: Marketing Director: Chrys Philalithes The daughter of a classical pianist and fashion
entrepreneur, Philalithes had a successful career as new manager at top advertising agency WCRS
as the dotcom bubble burst and many Internet
businesses were failing, was recently valued at more than [lOOm and now employs more than 200 staff. In her three years working at the company, Philalithes has "-'\. garnered a reputation as a marketing and new media ~ speaking at prestigious conferences around the world. She is also a keen flamenco dancer. Having recently launched Espotting in 10 European Q-fl countries, Philalithes maintains she is very happy where """\ she is just now, thank you very much. Launching her own company in the future is not out of the question, however. "1 was the only woman in the Espotting management team for two-and-half years and it didn't bother me. I don't see being a woman as a benefit or a hindrance. I'm a firm believer that what matters is whether someone has good ideas.
en
D: Scientist: Kathy Sykes
~sykes
has spent her professional life trying to bridge the gap between the scientific community and the general public. She started out as a physicist, completing a PhD in biodegradable plastics, but was drawn increasingly to question how scientists can best interact with their local community. In addition to her work at Bristol University, she also presents the BBC's Rough Science, now into its third series. Sykes has another year of tenure at Bristol, then says that she'll be "looking for some boats to rock". Her current priority is trying to influence the way that the government uses science and scientists. "I'm paSSionate about sharing information with the public. a crucial time mechanisms for involving them decisions we're makingI:. ~~~""=~~~~~~
PAPER 2. .- WRITING , - ,- . ~
Test 5 PART 1
(1 hour 30 minutes)
Vou must answer this question. Write your answer in 180-220 words in an appropriate style.
1 You are a student at an international college. Your course includes an optional period of work experience in the UK, from which you have just returned. The editor of the English language newspaper at the college has sent you an email asking if you could write an article about your experience, describing what you particularly enjoyed about it, any problems you had and why you would encourage other students to participate in the programme. Read the extracts from the emails from the editor and from the owners of the business where you did your work experience as well as the original college advertisement on which you have made notes. Then using the information carefully, write the article as requested by the editor.
we are hOping that you will write an article about your work ~perience in the UK (or the college newspaper. ~'~ ~rite about
the positive ana the negative aspects~ while lceepll19 111 mll1a ~at ~e would like to encourage more students to participate 111 thIS programme.
... Iw.,j~ to h<-ae feom 'JOv. W~ 'Iwa~ ~ fl> h~/r witJ, 1h<- daffodil ricki~
Yove ~i~h i~ _~ good ,."" we ncrliud how mv,"" moe~
Less than I thought!
All homegrown food VelY comfortable
./
~ Wod< Experience in the-U-K-7-~,.i. Free board and lodging and a small weekly payment in return for helping out on a farm five days a week.
Not much to do, but...
Weekends free to explore the local area.
-----:::--:--~.'" You will only have to pay your travel costs.
I
Expensive
For more information call 0208 659 7789.
Now write your article. You should use your own words as far as possible.
99
PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answers in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2
Your college magazine needs new contributors - item writers and photographers. Write
an article, explaining the aims of the magazine and inviting new people, whether experienced or inexperienced, to join the team. You also need to briefly outline the duties involved and explain that training will be given where necessary.
Write your article. 3 An international travel guide has asked its readers to send in a review of two or three different modes of transport in their countries, commenting on: •
reliability
•
comfort
•
price
The review should also recommend a mode of transport which would suit tourists wishing to travel in your country.
Write your review. 4
You are on a summer English language course. The principal of the school has asked you to write an Information sheet about the school, which will be given out at an international student conference. In the information sheet, you should include: • • •
brief introductory details about the school e.g. history, location, size a description of the courses & facilities on offer an outline of the main benefits to students of studying at the school
You should also include any other information that you consider to be relevant. Write your Information sheet. 5 Answer one of the following two questions based on one of the books you have read. (a) Imagine that a television series has been made ofthe book you read . Write a review of the first episode briefly outlining the plot and saying whether or not you would recommend it to other viewers and why. (b) A literary magazine has a monthly column. It has asked for essays from readers with the title 'This book will still be important in 100 years' time.' Write an essay briefly outlining the plot of the book you read and saying why you believe it will still be important in 100 years' time.
100
Test 5 PART 1
(1 hour)
For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or 0) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
C runs
@filters
o A drains
o strains
IL..:0:. . LI_....:B=--_J..21===.:0:===.J1
LISTEN TO SEE For some time scientists have known that the brain (0) .... .......... !.~ff.~!.~.......... ..... out non-essential data in order to (1) ...
Vt12 ...f1t.1........ :/
(2) .... ~.f.r...l.jJI ......
informat ion from a ~ stimuli. Now new evidence is ar ;arin g from research at the University of ~ia, San Diego, that (3) .... /U ,~·.I4 .... ;?............. to a more
r. '. . .
intimate connecti/~ between the senses of hearing and sight than was formerly thought. It seems that what people see is (4) .. .... .If r(..~ .....
influenced by what they hear, the research suggesting that an object is seen more clearly
Pfe~~a sound. In a(n) (5) ...t." . IN.rI.~ .H:fJ ... reROrt1 in the science journal 'Nature', thirty-three (6) ... ...~;!JJ~t~ .. ,.. ,were asked to indict te when a (7) light appeared immediately after 'h,y had h",d a wund. Th, ligh' and wund w,~ 'j{H...... l .... , ;,h"on 'h, sam,o' on Mf",n' s;d"
when
:/ja.;. li . . . . . . . . .
of them, and the light was more (9) .. A.
t .~ .f4... r~ ...( . . identified when it came from the same side as the sound.
Hearing a sudden sound, therefore, appears to
r capacity to perceive visual stimuli located in the same
place. During the test, the subjects' brain (10) .. r.:~ .bt.,n.. ~
......... to the light and sound were recorded too, to
discover whether focusing on the sound affects the vist al r::j f.the....bra in. Although still in its (11) ... tA~ ...... .
stages, the San Diego research may be able to (12) ...... ~ . .. ........~ light onjental illness, brain di
rders and
attention span problems.
1
® process
2 A taken up 3 A indicates
4
® greatly
5 A research
B manufacture
C develop
® carried out B shows
C handed over @ points
B extremely B survey
C mostly
© experiment
6 A constituents
C conscripts C dull
7 A weak
8 9 10 11 12
A A A A A
performed rightly
B displayed
® accurately
pulses
B replies
premature
B first
bring
@ Shed
0 manage 0 looked up 0 leads 0 abundantly 0 investigation @ plunteers o low
© presented
o shown
C genuinely
o really
C waves
© early
r
C toss
Ift·T
@ responses
0 developing D pour
101
PART 2
eif 4 0r questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use (J
only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example:
IL0-,-I_M_O_RE_",-,I===.;0,-,=",,-,1
As a gardener, I can', think of a (0) .m.Qr~. cheering
sight than (13) ............. Jh~t. ............ of the winter~wering
cheny. Atthis lime of year the pale pink . ~ opening into C1u~ (14) ................ Qf... ............. . cream flowers make you realise that Spring is not (15) .............. .J~t.
.............. away.
A tree, much (16) .............•m~.~
. . . ,. . . .
a sculpture.
provides (fOCal in the gard~n. Ye~, unlike a stone sculpture it . will change with the seasons. Planted alone, in the centre . of a lawn or (17) ................~L ............ the end of a path, a tree will always draw (18) ............m~ eye. It adds to the character of a garden (19) ........... )~y. ............. giving
po']i!)
............
an unstructured look. If you plan to make a feature out of a tree, select
(20) .............. 9.~~............... with potential. Spring and Autumn are the times when trees have the (21) ............... !!!.~.~~................ to offer. The pink and
white~~ of (22) ....................
the ornamental ~ppPe brighten up a garden in
H. ................
Spring, while the golden foliage of the maple wanns up the landscape in winter. The choices are endless, and (23) .........~n.~.~~ are just a (24) ........ ..f.f!.YY. ......... .
.....
examples. However, in my opinion, (25) ......... !19.......... . .winter garden should be (26)
..'~!.~tJ.Q~......
a
witch ha:ze.J. It is a slow grower but can flower (27) .................~L
.............. just a metre high and the
fragrance is unbelievable.
102
Test 5 PART 3 For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap In the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example:
1o ILOCATIONSI =0= I
&luBar There are many (0) .. J9.~~t~~p.n~ ..... where
LOCATE
luxury goes hand in hand with the exotic;
one such resort is Dubai which is fast becoming one of the top holiday destinations in the world and (28) ...+!n.q~t.~~~.'1.r!.~.~.'Y so. A city with
.. ".... minutes
UNDERSTAND
ancient markets (29) ....... P.~r~fy
BARE
away fro@JaO) ......... ~~~.~y.$.f¥~ ......... .
EXCLUDE
boutiques packed with designer goods at (31) ...~.ft9r.q.~Pl~
AFFORD
obvious sense of style and o(n) (32) J!'J.r!.9.~~~~,!(~
INNOVATE
.... prices, Dubai has on
vision that makes it a must for any
(33) .... f}J!.v.~n~Mr.9.Y.$. .... traveller. The Bur] AI
ADVENTURE
Arab Hotel, situated on a man-made islet, soars like a (34) .....~!.~~~.~!.1J.9
.... sail above perfect
BILLOW
white sands. This opulent hotel Is an example of luxury at its most simple. From Its marbled foyer to the (35) ...... .~.t1~~~~~
....... design of the top-
ART
floor rest~LJI4 nt, It mirrors the style of Dubai. For a city s~ .. , ~o.~~.IJ~m~.g,y
... enjoying its
ASHAMED
oil and trading wealth, there's a layer of (37)
. J~~.o.q.l:'.f'my .. and quality that guards
agal~ntati~
103
PART 4 For questions 38-42 think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. Here is an example (0).
o She commented that it was about ....... Pm~ ........ she started helping more around the house. People's eating habits have drastically changed over ...... J!m~ ........
.
We took ...... J!m.~ ........ to stop and admire the view on our journey.
Exam ple:
o
TIME
=0=1
38 The club ........~~.~.t. ...... the best team in the league and won the cup . ........~~.~L ..... the eggs for a couple of minutes and then add them to the mixture. My heart skipped a ....... k~~! ........ when the dog started barking.
39 Teenagers often think that they know ........~~.~.~ ........ . I did my ........~~.~.~ ........ , but unfortunately I still failed the exam. When friendships break up, it can sometimes be for the ...... J~~.~.L ......
.
40 He ... J!r.t?pp~f1. .... a hint that he wanted an MP3 player for his birthday. My dad ... J!.~!?P'P'~.g .... me off at the station on his way home. Profits ... J~r.9.PP'~r.!. .... last year by 10%, so the management cut some jobs.
4 1 The film was so sad that it ..... mq'!(~.g ...... me to tears.
~
We ..... m~.¥.l!.g...... out of London three years ago to escape tt(~ Sarah ......~g.I(~.{:f...... the glass away from the edge of the table.
42 The noise ...... )~~P..t ...... David awake all night. I ........~~p.t ....... in touch with Andrew for several years after he went to work abroad. I called out to Sarah but she ........~~pL ...... walking and didn't look back.
104
PARTS For questions 43·50 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). o He always gives the impression that he's very confident. ACROSS He always .................................................................................. very confident.
Example,
I I 0
COMES ACROSS AS BEING
I=
0
=
I
43 The police believe that the two crimes are linked. CONNECTION The police believe that JI]~.~~}~ .~..'?~n'1~.C?~~~.'.l. . p.~~~.~~.. the two crimes.
~wwant video players these days. DEMAND There is ................ .J!.t!.~~ ..t!~.f!.1.~ry.g. f.9L ................. video players these days.
®
Men outnumber women by two to one in high level positions. MANY
There are ........ ~!~.~ . ~.~
(9
..~~.rJ.y.. p~n .~~ ........ women~n-;)
Charles and Wanda had a disagreement about where to go on holiday. OPINION
-;-.,
Charles and Wanda had .. ...~~ff.~t~.'.f.~~..~!. .~P..~I)!.C?I) .......... about where to go on holiday.
0) couldn't find my watch anywhere. NOWHERE My watch .............................. ~~.~. n9.~~~.~~. J~..~~............................... found. 48 You don't appear to have any milk left. RUN
You appear ...............................~~..~~.~~J~t:!. ~~~..t?~ ............................ @
.. milk.
he little boy didn't pay any attention to his mother. NOTICE The little boy .........................~~.~~..~~..'.f.~.~~~e of
-
................... his mother.
50 Do you mind if I close the window? OBJECT
Do you .......... ............~~i.~~~ .~~
..'!!.~f~.r. .~!~.~~':!f!. ...................... the window? 105
PART 1
(Approximately 40 minutes)
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or Cl which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
EXTRACT 1
You hear two people talking about a writer's new book.
1 According to the woman, how is the writer's new book different from his first one? A The focus wasn't entirely the same. B , It has not been so well received by readers. C The writing style was less descriptive.
2 The two speakers agree that the new book A contains too much dialogue. B has a slower-paced plot.
e should be adapted into a film.
EXTRACT 2 You hear part of an interview with a successful jewellery designer called Jenny Vickers.
3 How does Jenny feel about the release of her new collection? A eager to move onto the next project B irritated by all the promotional work involved C apprehensive about the risk she is taking
4 What did Jenny think about jewellery designing before she got involved in it? A She didn't see herself as being well suited to it. B She considered it to be suitable for a hobby but not a career. C She imagined the business was too competitive to be successful in.
106
Test 5
..J
EXTRACT 3 You hear part of an interview with a successful businessman Rabert Peters.
5 When Robert first started running his own business, he was A grateful for the advice of his family. 8 initially overconfident about his ability.
15 I B
C determined not to ask for help.
6 Aobert attributes the success of his company to A the employees he has had supporting him. B the clever sales strategy he came up with.
C the fact that he started it at the right time.
107
PART 2 You'll hear a scuba diving instructor called Dave Black talking about his work. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Most of Black's clients are
I
beginners
Black will not allow a client to take any of his courses unless they are sufficiently
I
fit
IS I.
The first thing Black informs his student of are the
19
risks
Iassociated with scuba diving.
Black always makes sure that he provides his students with L _ _ _k_n_ o_w_le_d...:g::.e_ _--11_10-'1 to solve any technical difficulties they may have
with their equipment.
Black says that some of his clients who are aiming to improve existing skills would like to be
1
instructors
111 I.
Students begin their course in a LI____c_la_s_s_'_o_o_m___LI1_2...J1 . Black says that he must see that a student is in control during the
Iswimming pool sessionsl13 Ibefore he will let them advance with the course. Black says that most students' main motivation for doing the course is to get
a certificate 108
1141 from it.
---
Test 5
PART 3 You will hear a radio interview in which a tree sculptor talks about his work. For questions 15-20, choose the answer (A, B, C or 0 ) which fits best according to what you hear.
15 What does Danny find most fulfilling about his work? A creating sculptures that people want to buy B creating sculptures that surprise people
@ creating sculptures that people enjoy o creating sculptures that are unique 16 According to Danny, what is an important consideration when beginning a sculpture? A how best to protect it as a living organism
® how long it may take for it to develop C where it will be on display in the end.
o how it will look when the tree is fulty-grown 17 What does Danny believe about art galleries? A They lack understanding of tree sculpture as an art form. e They are too interested in making a profit.
© They are not the right place for tree sculptures. o They can help him to find the right settings for his work. 18 What initially inspired Danny to become a tree sculptor?
® a chance observation B another tree sculptor's work C a desire to protect nature o a desire to be different 19 According to Danny, why is dense woodland unsuitable as a setting for a tree sculpture? A These areas are often inaccessible to the public. B The tree needs room to be able to develop.
© The tree would be easily hidden by others. o The trees in these areas are often too old.
20 How would Oanny like peoples' attitudes to change?
® He would like them to value nature more highly. B He would like them to become more environmentally responsible. C He would like them to become more optimistic about the future. o
He would like arbor sculpture to be taken more seriously.
109
Test 5 PART 4
You will hear five short extracts in which various people are talking about reading. While you listen you must complete both tasks.
TASK ONE For questions 21-25, choose from the list (A-H) the type of reading material each speaker is referring to. A fantasy novels
B magazines
Speaker 1
F
c
Speaker 2
D 22
D classic novels
Speaker 3
A
23
E short stories
Speaker 4
H
24
F comics
Speaker 5
B
25
scientific journals
21
G cookery books H biographies
TASK TWO For questions 26-30, choose from the list (A-H) what each speaker is saying.
A I appreciate reading many different genres. B Reading has many benefits.
c
Speaker 1
C
26 1
Speaker 2
D
271
Speaker 3
G
28 1
Speaker 4
E
29 1
Speaker 5
H
30 1
I disagree with a commonly held view.
D I believe in reading this genre in a certain way.
E I don't like reading without a purpose.
F My reading tastes have changed over the years. G Reading is a means of escapism for me. H
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I read in a way that suits my lifestyle.
Test 6
PART 1
(1 hour 15 minutes)
You are going to read three extracts which are all concerned in some way with household chores. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
IN OUR
HOME
In a robotics lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology eMIT), the
p
of a
robot grabs a box and holds it out to a roboticist as he cleans up the lab. We may consider it mindless work, but Aaron Edsinger says it takes intelligence for this robot named Domo to lend a helping hand with household chores. "Our big goal is to have the robot adapt to the world instead of having the world adapt to the robot," he says. This is key, he says, because robots without artificial intelligence can currently
1
perform very complex tasks, like assembling an automobile; but they must be taught beforehand exactly what to do. "A lot of the reaUy advanced robotics that you see particularly coming out of Japan right now, these robots are very pre-
saipted," says Edsinger. ''The actions they're going to take are sort of figured out beforehand. You hit play, and it sort of does the same thing over and over again."
Edsinger has been getting Doma to work in domestic settings, exposing the robot to objects it hasn't seen before. "Adaptivity is going to be critical as soon as we want robots to come out of the car factory and into our homes, into our daily lives, because we can't r ram it with eve hin it needs to know" 2 says Edsinger. For example, he says, household robots must be able to
distinguish the countless objects within our home. "A car factory can be very well understood and predicted ahead of time. Your kitchen and all your dishes in the kitchen sink are much harder for a robot to understand," he says.
1 The aim of the roboticists at the MIT is to develop robots which can perform tasks without being shown how first. B are programmed to perform a large variety of tasks. C can perform more and more complicated tasks. o remove the need for humans to do household chores.
®
2 Aaron Edsinger compares a car factory and a kitchen in order to demonstrate A how a household robot will deal with its environment. B in which room a household robot will face its greatest challenge. what main limitation a household robot will have. o why a household robot needs a particular skill.
©
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-,
PART 1
hlerre sweet ¥.terre We are all too used to the way mother kept the house. We remember the days on which she did the !aun ~ry, the specific cupboard the clean sheets were kept in, t e way the evening meal was planned and executed well before father returned home. She seemed to do it all so calmly
and so efficiently without any of the blood, sweat
and,
tears that goes along with present day attempts to tidy the
domestic domain. It seemed that in the old days an Englishman's home was indeed his castle - with an
3
attendant that protected the walls from the world outside. Surety with both husband and wife nowadays sharing the housework the job is ba1wad? In reality we rarely have
the time even to wash the plates after dinner let alone tackle the week's washing that is piling up perilously in the baby's room. The mass of appliances that seem to be constantly switched on barely _ _ the ever-increasing number of chores that must be done. Part of the blame lies in the role of appliances. We tend to believe they will liberate us to lead more fulfilling and productive lives. This doesn't happen. We fill time we 4 would otherwise have spent handwashing our clothes ~ In front of the television, brains fixed firmly on stand-by as we are brainwashed into believing we need that new fridge .
f!J
... 3 The writer mentions a castle in the first paragraph to emphasise A that running a household required more effort in the past. how well mothers ran a household in the past. e how men and womens' roles in the home have changed. o how important running a household was considered in the past.
®
4 In the writer's opinion, many chores are left undone these days because A we don't have enough appliances to do them all. B appliances are not as efficient as we think. our lifestyles have become much busier. @ we do not use our time constructively.
e
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·'-•
Test 6
Chore Wars, a game created by noted game developer Jane McConigal, gives users "experience" points for various household chores. Collecting those points then lets you advance your profile in the online game. ~~ the floor twice a week and get 20 points for charm, that sort of thing. You can also play for virtual gold doubtoo~ These can be exchanged for rewards, inside your own circle of friends. Earn 200 doubloons and you can receive a get-out of-cleaning-the garage card. Or if you are the low scorer for a month, you can be dwbbeQ ,a scapegoat put up for adoption. I Who cares if some guy in Texas slew 200 yards of PVC pipe in putting together his new SfJ1 iiikh!t system and got 1,000 doubloons. Still, you can get a sense of the value that other people put on certain tasks to get a sense of the value of your own. There are different roles you can play - apprentice, dUi lgm'n master (DMs have full administrative power) and adventurer. The idea behind all of this is to make real life more appealing. Virtual worlds are actually more appealing than reality to a growing segment of the population. The ~ ~~!.21!..!~~!2..!!.!l!~~1!!!!!!L!t~~~~~~'!'::'~ . 'Some people care more about their avatars than their real lives," McGonigal said.
5 The writer says that players of the game Chore Wars generally A try to work their way up to becoming a dungeon master. B focus on exchanging rewards and roles with their friends. C keep a close eye on other players' scores. @ develop a strategy based on how their friends are playing. 6 According to the writer, some people prefer their virtual world to their real life because they feel life is more straightforward there. B they feel life is more meaningful there . C they feel they have more freedom there. D they feel they can achieve more there.
®
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PART 2 You are going to read a newspaper article. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A·G the one which fits each gap (7.12). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
On the chilli trail Killian Foxjourneys to a place where Assam's wise men - and elephants - fear to tread: the home of the hottest chilli in the world
When you mention Assam, most people think of tea. Those on more familiar terms with the state - on the "Seven Sisters" ~ Ia that jutS"" out from the northeast corner of India - will think of its beautiful national parks, aburidant wildlife and the vast Brahmaputra river.
c I went to Assam ~ to unwind and ~ r the tranquil delights of the region, but the bhut jolokia (or ghost chilli) wasn't far from my mind when I booked the trip. Ever since I was tricked into eating a tiny specimen in a Malawian food market, aged 17, I've been perversely fascinated by the powerful pepper.
18 I
G
As I looked down from my room, I could see fireflies dancing on the riverbank below and soon we were sitting down to a simple Assamese meal. It was delicious, but not spicy enough for my tastes. I asked if they had any bhut jolokia. Our host laughed at me. "No," she said. ''I'm afraid not." "Do you eat bhut jolokia?" Bertie, my travelling companion, asked. More laughter. Our host explained that most Assamese will put no more than a couple of drops of chilli-infused oil in a big pot of curry. That is as close to eating the ghost chilli as she is prepared to get.
B The park also has tigers and leopards and a huge variety of bird life, but I was more interested in the ghost chillies we discovered growing at a nearby Mishing tribal village. They were not yet ~ - green flesh with ominous traces of red - but it was our first sighting and even Bertie, who would "under no circumstance" be sampling the bhut jolokia, was getting excited.
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A Our journey to Guwahati, Assam's largest city, took us four days. In the mornings, we'd disembark. We spent a few hours in a village called SualkuchL tracing the silk-making process from worm to loom. At Guwahati's Kamakhya temple, we got a dark thrill from witnessing goats being sacrificed to -'8ti, the wife of Lord Shiva. Our chilli hunt was less successful: we scoured every market for bhut jolokia, but to no avail. In the evenings we gathered in the sakN);o for a drink with the captain, who offered me a tip for surviving the bhut jolokia experience: "Eat lots of sugar cubes."
E The next day we reached Jorhat and set out for a district where we had heard there was a chance of finding some ripe specimens. We came upon a whole field of bhut jolokia. As I held the monstrous, 9 ~d fruit in my hand, my chilli quest began to seem like a bad idea. But it was too late for second thoughts, so I took a big bite, crunched the seeds between my teeth and swallowed.
D The worst of it was over within 20 minutes, but for the next few hours I wondered if my mouth and head would ever feel the same. The only consolation was that Bertie finally SWWMbed to temptation and took a bite. Assam, easy-going and hospitable, is a gentle introduction to the delights of India. As for the ghost chilli - the scourge. of elephants, the bane of the unwary traveler - I think once is probably enough.
A Our next move was to hunt chilli down river and in the afternoon we boarded a handsome passenger ship that looked like a 1'etIt from the Raj. It usually accommodates 24 passengers, but as this was the final journey of the season, we were the only guests. B Our conversation was interrupted by a ~g sound from the far bank. Kaziranga National Park, just across the river from the lodge, is home to twothirds of the world's great one-horned rhinos, and three of them had come to say hello. We could only make out the indistinct grey of their ~, but early next morning, from the back of an elephant, we saw lots more of them - an awesome sight. C Assam is indeed a charming place, as serene as it is lush and green, but it also harbours something so fearsome, so fiendishly powerful, that even the elephants fl ee from it in terror. There is nothing at all serene about the bhut jolokia, the hottest chilli on earth. 200 times hotter than Tabasco sauce, when you bite into a bhut jolokia, there is no pain at first, only a smoky flavour with an intense apple-like sweetness. Then, after about 20 seconds, your mouth explodes. I know this because I was foolish enough to try one.
E From there we drove north, staying overnight at the eco camp adjoining Nameri National park. Here we learnt that ghost chillies, when burnt in b~ of dried grass, scare elephants away from crops. If the mere smell of bhut jolokia sends the pacbyderms packing, what chance did I have? F The bhut jolokia registers an incredible 1,041,427 on the Scoville Heat Unit scale, more than double the score of the previous world record-holder (the red savina habanero). You'd think the locals would avoid it like the plague, but it has been used for many generations as a cure for any number of stomach aches, pains and illnesses. G My introduction to Assam could not have been more relaxing. The first night, after a rre~t ic stopover in Calcutta, was spent at Diphlu River Lodge, a collection of comfortable thatched cottages standing high on bamboo stilts overlooking a slow-moving fTiblbtmy>of the Brahmaputra.
D For some reason, I thought I would be able to weather the chilli with digoity. Instead, I became a storm of flailing limbs and strangled protests. My hands scrabbled for the sugar cubes; I tried to douse the agony with water, which was a terrible idea because water only spreads the heat. It wasn't helping that Bertie, who had been filming me, was qujYering with laughter.
115
PART 3 You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 13-19, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
Band of the Year - The Ting Tings At the far end of the l-shaped dressing room at the Mronef venue in UIIe, Katie White's crimping tongs won't reach more than 3ft from the plug. Which means that. where we're sitting,
we can hear the ling Tings' singer but we can't see her. None of which prevents her from bellowing at the Ting Tings' male half. Jules De Martino. -Tell him about Michael Paliol- she shouts. So he does. Six months ago, having just released their maiden chart-topper That's Not My Name, White and De Martino performed the SOl19 on Later . .. Signing in beforehand in the BBC re
1 "6
On hearing the news, De Martino, 34, gave up playing music and installed himself in the Islington Mill - a studio-cum·arts c9fDplex in Manchester - with a view tOfocUsing his talents on production. While at the Mill, he subsidised his overheads by hosting parties. Here White, 24, picked up De Martino's beloved 1978 electric guitar and bawled the first thing that came to mind, while De Martino swapped his guitar for drums. Increasingly, people started coming just to hear the noise that she and De Martino made. Initially the name they gave to their club nights, ling ~s also became their calling card. Sometimes-your perception of events is influenced by the point at which you enter the story. I spent the first few months of the ling lings' success harbouring a nagging suspicion about their motives. The impassive older male at the back; the surly blonde frontwoman a relentless ticker tape surge of attitude. The lransvision Vamp throwback in the video to That's Not My Name was barely recognisable as Dear Eskiimo, whom I had seen propping up the bill in a Camden pub. ·You saw usr White exclaims. ·You're the first journalist we've met who ever saw Dear Eskiimo. What did you think7" I tell her that she w nothin like the wa she is now' that she stood 5tit aemurel singing pop tunes that. while pleasant. lacked convl raison d·~tre. "It was pretty awful," White concurs. "Our manager brought an agent to check us out. And he said that she had her fingers in her ears the whole time." While others were hailing the genius of That's Not My Name, I couldn't help wondering if it amounted to one last craven liS attempt at stardom. The irony is, of (ourse, that they had already? done that. This time, they were just being themselves - and that's why it worked. Indeed, it was only when White joined the artistic community at the Mill that her inhibitions fell away. Visiting bands such as Ariel Pink and the Gossip dearly made their mark on the ideas that became That's Not My Name and Fruit Machine. As De Martino puts it, -She used to be in the lake That fan club. Fundamentally her sensibilities are pop, but she embraced other ideas - whereas j've travelled in the other direction." The only exception to the band's no-planning rule, it seems, is the families they are keen to see after a year of touring. The 9 concern De Martino's rents felt this time last ear at his lad: of a · proper· job has now turned to incredulity that his schedule keeps him from seeing them at all. Three weeks off at Christmas will help. Until then, however, the novelty doesn't seem dose to wearing off.
.
.
Test 6 . '
13 The writer uses the phrase J><>lite if frantic back-pedalling' in lines 16-17 to describe
A De Martino's reaction when a celebrity didn't recognise him. B how De Martino dealt with an embarrassing situation.
© the way De Martino's hero reacted to a case of ~taken identity. o a celebrity's reaction to De Martino's excitement about meeting him. 14 What does the writer suggest about the band's recent success in the third paragraph? A They are not sure how to deal with it. B They have not changed their plans because of it.
C They have a humble attitude towards it.
@ They had not planned for it. 15 Which of the following best describes the Ting Tings' attitude towards the future of the band?
® They are.!eeping their options open. e They are not interested in attaining more success. C They want to take the band in another direction. D They are excited about the possibilities. 16 What point does the writer make about the way the ling ling's became known? A It was mainly due to a change in strategy. B Their determination to succeed was the key.
© It was more. by chance than by design. ~
D The new name of the band was an important factor.
17 What did the writer notice had changed about White from the first time he saw her perform? A her appearance
® ~~tage presence C her confidence D her professionalism 18 The writer suggests that the song That's Not My Name was a success because A the band threw all their energy into making it so. B the band followed advice from other bands. C the band members allowed each other to be themselves.
@ the ban~ had stopped trying so hard to make it so. 19 What does the writer imply about De Martino's parents? A They haven't yet understood just how popular his band has become.
® They are ~rprised by the speed at which his band has attained success. C They are upset about the fact that he doesn't have much time to visit them. D They are only now persuaded that his efforts have been worth it.
117
PART 4 You are going to read an article containing reviews of films about focusing on the environment. For questions 2()"34, choose from the reviews (A-F). The reviews may be chosen more than once.
About which of the films Is the following stated?
120
A combination of factors make it essential viewing.
IB
It uses up-ta-date technology to present a possible scenario. It intensifies discussion of a subject about which people have different views.
--_ .. _-------- ._-----_.. - ._------------- "-----------------------------It intentionally sets out to get a reaction from the audience. It boldly highlights the connection between environmental damage and a crucial search. Part of it explores a personal journey of discovery.
I 25 1 B I 126 1 0 1 127 1 0 1
--------- ._--------_. ----------------------------------------------------Intellectual discussion fails to make up for a lack of originality. It was made after producers became aware of a demand for such films. A character in it seems to be someone who people don't warm to easily. It explores people's reasons for doing something in an understated, humorous and clever way.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------It is supposed to make people think about the hardships some others experience.
-------_._---------------------
------- --------
118
E
1
--------.----------------
People found fault with the way something was dealt with in it. It contains traditional elements of a genre.
1301
Test 6
8eth Platt reviews some films with a 'green' conscience.
®
The Day after Tomorrow
~ There's
nothing Hollywood likes better than a good oldfashioned disaster movie - tragedy and spectacle being what the cinema does best. Here the repercussions of
environmental exploitation and attendant global warming
result in a huge ice storm that plunges the world into a new ice f1) age. This hugely entertaining film takes the big what-if and, "'\ with state-of-the-art CGI, puts it all up there on the big screen. Forget the humans struggling to survive and revel in nature's revenge. A huge hit when it came Qut, it soon attracted a lot of criticism for its treatment of the facts, but then again, this is not a documentary - it's a big budget Hollywood movie that delivers on all its promises.
"&j)
®
An Inconvenient Truth
Any consideration of eco films has to mention this groundbreaking documentary. Bringing the plight of the planet to the big screen and fueling (in an environmentally friendly way!) the global warming debate, AI Gore is at his charismatic best as he takes us from his early days, through his political and environmental awakening 10 his current position as the foremost green spokesman we have. But this is not really about AI. At every step of the way, he
hammers home the terrifying reality of a world under threat with a series of slides and graphs. Less a movie than a Ifc) lecture, you might think that it would be dull and dry, but the 1"'"\ strength of his arguments allied with a sincere and heartfelt presentation make this a landmark documentary that should not be missed.
©
Local Hero
Years ahead of its lime, this was considered a light, if entertaining comedy at the time of its release. The simple tale of an oil executive's attempts to buy a small Scottish village and replace it with a refinery has become something G3 of a cult classic over the years. Its longevity, is down 10 a ~ number of factors: the excellence bf'ffle script; the precision of the casting; the warmth of the performances and the ~ prescience of the film's themes. It's a witty yet sublle~ meditation on the motivatiens of both the corporate incomers wanting 10 bUY, and the locals willing to sell. The magic of the setting is as inspiring as its message of sustainable development and this little gem of a film is one that you'll return to again and again.
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®
The 11th Hour
67J With
the success of Gore's Inconvenient Truth, film ",,",studioS realised that there was an audience for thoughtprovoking films and this is one of the most recent of a rash of reality film-making to address the planet in peril scenario. However, for all the celebrity value of having Leonardo DiCaprio act as narrator this is something of a letdown. The problems of overpopulation, pollution and imminent environmental catastrophe are effectively foregrounded as they need 10 be in a film of this ilk, yet somehow it doesn't all gel. It's a great shame because the film-makers have gone to a lot of trouble to assemble many of the world's greatest thinkers and commentators, ~ yet depth of knowledge cannot compensate for a dearth '"\. of fresh ideas in a documentary that you could just as well see on TV every night.
® 34l Sigourney
Gorillas in the Mist Weaver excels in her portrait of the naturalist
~Dian Fossey in this stunninglv shot biopic. The film works
best when it charts Fossey's relationship with the gorillas she works so hard to save. The film is less successful, however, in its depiction of the human relationships. This is perhaps not the fault of the director and more the defects of Qffi Fossey herself; for all her noble intentions she comes ~ across as a difficult person to like and her singlemindedness tends at times to slip over into unhealthy obsession. Filmed on location on the mountains of ~ Rwanda, the film is a timely reminder of the struggles fa~ by those prepared to sacrifice themselves for something they believe in.
Medicine Man
®
There are few thin s more im orIant than findin a cure for cancer and this film bravely allies that guest with the destruction of the Amazonian rainforest. Lorraine Bracco is the biochemist sent 10 pull the plug on Sean Cannery's research deep in the heart of the South American jungle. The film highlighlS the tragedy of deforestation in that high up on the trees hides the long-sought after cure, but the trees are being cut down for a new road. If the central romance between the two leads fails to convince, the film has more success in getting its message across about unthinking development and its ultimate consequences, not .: just at the local, but also at the global level. The final ima of the forest in flames are deliberately provocative and rightly so. If only a small proportion of the audience is inspired 10 do something, then the film will most certainly have triumphed .
.. 120
Test 6 PART 1
(1 hour 30 minutes)
You must answer this question. Write your answer in 180-220 words in an appropriate style.
1 The international college you attend recently started a sports club, which 150 students have joined. The club has its own indoor gym but it does not have any outdoor sports facilities. The Club Secretary has asked you to write a report on two sports centres in the area that are willing to make their facilities available to club members. Read the note from the Club Secretary below and the notes about the centres which he has given to you. Then, using the information appropriately, write your report comparing the two centres, recommending one of them and explaining the reasons for your choice.
",dESESC " h .. h' ............. ~l. . __
~
This is who! club members have said they ore interested in doing: Swimming Diving Footboll Cricket Athletics
57 18 43 20
39
The nearest sports centres ore The Olympia and The Arena. both of which ore on bus routes
fr~~..~~..~~~~.
• • • • • • n n U __ • ____ •
uS'"I
Arena Sports Centre Athletics: Six-lone, full competition, 400 metre synthetic trock and pitches for field events
Grass Pitch: There is a gross pitch In the centre of the athletics track. outdoor Swimming pool: 25-metre pool (covered and heated In winter)
Changing Facilities: A large changing biock provides necessary facijities for users of the outdoor areas.
OLYMPIA SPORTS CENTRE Swimming pool - Olympic size (50 metre, 6 lanes) Diving pool 20m x 20m x 4.9m deep (2 springboards & 4 platforms) Underwater viewing gallery
Floodlit Astroturf available for a variety of sports - can be subdivided into three separate pitches. Cricket nets for indoor or outdoor use Spacious changing facilities with hot/cold showers Sauna available (charged extra)
Write your report. You should use your own words as much as possible.
121
PART 2 Write an answer to one of the questions 2-5 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style.
2 You have seen the following announcement of a contest in an international news magazine and you have decided to enter.
Journalism Contest We are offering our readers the chance to win £1,000 and to see their work in print. All you have to do is write an interesting article expressing your views on a recent current affairs issue. You wiiJ need to briefly explain the issue as well as support your opinions. We will choose the best entry and two runners-up and publish them in our January issue. Deadline for entries is 23rd December. News Weekly Magazine, IPM House, Fleet Street, London.
Write your competition entry. 3 You are a member of a committee organising a charity event in your community. The committee has asked you to write an article about the event for the local newspaper in order to persuade people to participate. Write your article explaining what the event is and what charity (or charities) will benefit, when and where it will be held, what activities will be included, how people can participate and why you believe they should. Write your article. 4 You would like to start a new club or extra-curricular activity at the summer school where you are studying English. You have decided to send a proposal to the principal of the school asking for permission and support. Include the following: • a brief description of the club/activity you want to start • reasons why you want to start it • what support you would need from the school Write your proposal. 5 Answer one of the following two q uestions based on one of the books you have read. (a) Your teacher has asked you to write an essay saying which character in the book you (ead you find most interesting. You should describe this character and say why you think he or she is the most interesting character in the story. (b) A local bookshop has invited readers to send in a review of a book to be posted on their new website. You decide to write a review of the book you read briefly outlining the plot and saying whether or not you recommend it to other readers and why.
122
(1 hour)
PART 1
For questions 1-12, read the text below and decide which answer (A, S, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
o A intended Example:
B imagined
@supposed
D said
LI0,--,--1__c=---_-'-=~=-o'_'~'=-.JI
00 you remember when technology
was (0) ....~.~pp.~~.~~,. to bring
about big changes in the wornplace,
improve the working ~Vironment and increase leisure time? Well, you'll also recall that it failed to bring about such desired (1) ..(l ... for most of us at least. In fact, many of these technolo ical advancements fed to various health 2) .. J.)1.~......... , like eyestrain and back problems. And th -extra isure time all the experts promised us never became a reality. Luckily, there does appear to be some good news. Some employers f av. become enlightened enough to
cmJ. ...,
ri3f) ..f1.l..11..y:rJ.f.?
t~..llf.kJ ......... harmonious environments in many workplaces.
For instance, as a calming (7) aquarium of fish can be placed in any '9orkspa.C) ~rt? chunks of amethyst can be placed next to workers' computers to help neutralise (8) .. tq.ao~jM-I'
../.f:1/'f1JJ.r.!.. Yhn
radiation and relieve stress. Next, the furniture and office fixtures in the workspace affect the people who work in it. When employees are comfortable p~~are provided with quality equipment, they feel better and take greater pride in their work. It is (9) ... U.L..tJM........... for people to feel as though they are an integral and valued part of the company. To sum up, when ~o~are treated as individuals and not merely as dispensable Qieces of equipment. they are more (10) ... .Gti.~ to give their best. (11) employees incentives in the shape of
............
bonuses, regular pay i
&fIt.t:.ll1./. ...
reases, holidays, etc. are all
e~lIent wa{ s to (12) ... i.!.1.('.£.l...1!'.Uproductivity. So
go on, give it a try and see how your work environment can become more positive and energised!
® reforms 2 ® issues 1
3 A connect 4 A rapid 5
® upgrade
6 A cause 7 A eftecl
8 A destructive 9 A urgent 10 A surely 11
® Offering
12 A multiply
B B B B B B
alterations
C variations
o
corrections
aspects
C factors
o
disputes
relate
C associate
hasty
© efficient
advance
C boost
bring
C put
® influence ® harmful B compulsory
@ likely B Providing
® increase
@
recognise
D immediate D increase
® create
C result
D impact
C hurtful
D wounding
©
vital
D basic
C happily
D readily
C Serving
D Presenting
C advance
D enlarge
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co rn p( a C( VI CA.( OVle i fJ -£e~ U A'); PART 2 For questions 13-27, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. USt only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example:
I0 I
LlTILE
2
Volcanoes threaten the lives of SOO million people, but scientists still know so (0) .. !!.~!.~ about them. If we consider (13) ........... J~~.L .......... mankind first recorded a volcanic eruption in a wall painting dating (14) ............P.~~.~ ............ more than 9,000 years, we still treat them (15) ............ :~~~l~./.J. ............. extraordinary complacency. While (16) .............. .!.L ............. is true that scientists now understand how many- of the different types worK, they (17) ............. ~.~!!!.............. don't understand all the factors that ultimately lead (18) ............. J9. ............... the eruption itself. Despite technological advances, they can't even predict, closer than to within a few hours or days, when a volcano is going to erupt, and nor (19) ............. ~.~~.............. they forecast its behaviour. (20) ............ ~¥.~.~ ............ if we could isolate all the forces that could conceivably trigger an eruption, we would still have difficulty in understanding the signals .-r-> in (21) .................................. advance. A volcano's history of eruptions, the pattern ~~qUakeS, ground deformation and the esca e of vanous oxide gases are (22) .............. !~.u. i cativ of future eruptive activity, but are not always easy to read early (2 ......... ~n9.y!J!J. ......... for appropriate steps to be taken. VOlcan~logists calculate that they have a one (24) ............... ~~................ ten chance of accurately predicting an eruption. This highlights need for moving people (25) .......... J~~~ ............ the Yicinity of active volcanoes but this is dismissed by residents who live near volcanoes and officials (26) ............~.~~~~............. It is suspected that no such steps will be taken (27) ............ ~~m an eruption kills at least a million.
..............
.............
Test 6 ,;.l PART 3 For questions 28-37, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
I0 I
Example:
EMPLOYER
Q£1' Off 1'0 A QOO!) S1'All1' You managed to survive the interview and got the job. You are thrilled,
too. Now it's your first day in the new job and you are desperate to impress your new (0) ............ ~!"p.'"re.r. ........... ; so how can you (28) .............. ~.~~.~~~, ............. that everything runs smooth~ but a little anxious,
EMPLOY
SURE
Well, keep your eyes and ears open - that way you11 soon piCfliilof)
C~ (29) ..........~~~~~~ behaviour learning
through
doesn t
mistakes
and anything
do
~ for
ACCEPT
your
(30) ......... ,~~~t~~",~£~ ......... !
CONFIDENT
Being a shy person surrounded by an office full of extroverts may reduce your (31) ........~rt.~~~!~!!~~~~
EFFECT
hand, (32) .............~~f.~~.~~ ............. isn't always a bad thing. Shy
SHY
people are often good (33) .......... ..!.(~,~.n~~§
LISTEN
........ in the work place. On the other .............
and this is a
much ~~ted aualitY. Also,
be friendly.
A smile can
make you
seem
less
(34) .... ".~"p.p.r."".~f1.~I>./e.
...... And ~you attend a meeting, by
APPROACH
to show that you are paying (35) ........... ~.~.~~.~~~~............. .
ATTEND
Finally,
don't
forget
that
people
who
give
the
(36) ........ }'Ep.r.~!}.~(~.'1.......... of being oonftdent are just as likely as the rest of us to feel (37) .......... .!.'J.~~.f?,~~~ .......... .
IMPRESS SECURE
at times.
" I
125
PART 4 For questions 38-42 think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all three sentences. Here is an example (0).
o She commented that it was about ...... Jtm.~
........ she started helping more around
the house. People's eating habits have drastically changed over ...... Jfm.~........
.
We took ...... J!m.~ ........ to stop and admire the view on our journey.
--'-I_= __o_=_-'I
Example, L_O---'--_ _ _ T_IM_E_ _
38 As soon as it started to get dark, Sandra ....... ~~~.~ ....... the curtains.
....... money out of the bank in order to pay for her new furniture. The policeman ....... .t!.~~.l!'!. ....... my attention to the 'No Parking' sign. She .. ......~r.~~
entered
.
.
+ ({,OX
hl ~' ,Y}
(
39 It never ........................ my mind that Angela might be too busy to go ut. The singer ..... ~!.'.~~.~~.'!. .... the auditorium to the audience's loud applause. I've .....~r!.~~r.~~..... competitions before but I've never won anything.
40 Bill ..... P~~~.~.~ ..... the pile of books to Mr. Green. We ..... P..~~~~.'!.
.....
through the village of Harbingdon on our way home
yesterday. Jim ..... P..~~~.~.'!
.. .. a remark about how much weight Fiona had lost when
I
saw him last week.
41 There was very little ......'?~~.~~~..... that Tim would get into university after he did so badly in his exams.
chance to travel the world. Many peop Ie never get t he ........................ I saw Tony by ......'?~f!.'J.~~..... while I was walking the dog this afternoon.
42 Tim disagreed with the ....... P~!.'?L
..... Mr Jones made at the meeting.
There's no ...... p.g.~nt ..... in going to the cinema now; the film will have already started.
point .. Sarah an d J ane d rove home t hroug h town so t hat Sarah cou Id ...................... out her father's new shop.
126
For questions 43-50 complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). o He always gives the impression that he's very confident. ACROSS He always .................................................................................. very confident.
Example:
I I 0
COMES ACROSS AS BEING
I~
0
~
I
@ She said she'd never seen a better exhibition than that. FAR by far the best h h d ever seen. I Itlon was ...................................... sea Sh e sal'd th at th e exh'b"
44 The professor told Tim he had written an excellent essay. COMPLlMENTED The professor . q.~rr!P.Um.~m~#.. nm.Jm. .h~.v.~l]g. written an excellent essay.
45 They think that my brother broke the window. SUSPECTED My brother .....~~ . ~.'!.~p.~.C?~~.~. ~t~:!t~.C!.~~f}.g/~.t!.~~r:'.9..':~r.'?~~.r:'. ..... the window.
46 He was so pleased, he bought us all dinner after we finished work. TREATED He was so pleased, ....~~J~~.~~~.~ . ~.~ .~!U'? ... dinner after we finished work.
Global temperatures are higher now than ever before.
SO Never before .............. ~.~~~ ..9.~~.'?~r .~~f}'!p~r.i!~.'!.~~.~.. ~~.~f}..~'?
... ......... high.
~hO left first yesterday? LEAVE Who ............................. ~~~..~~~.. ~~r.~~J~.!.f!.~~~
............................ yesterday?
49 I had to wait for half an hour before the dentist arrived. KEPT The dentist ......... ~~P~..tp~. )r.~mlJ.gJ~r.
......... half an hour before he arrived.
50 The doctor said that she was perfectly healthy. WRONG The doctor said that there ...~~.~J~.':?~~~~!~~yV:~~?~I]!.'.l.9 ..~~~.r:'.9..~~~~... her.
127
PART 1
(Approximately 40 minutes)
You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract.
EXTRACT 1
You hear part of an interview with a man who is about to open a restaurant.
1 What happened after the man first decided to open a restaurant?
A He encountered a problem that he hadn't been expecting.
a
He started to have second thoughts about his decision.
1
lA
12
C
C His family and friends tried to talk him out of it.
2 What does the man say regarding the recruitment of his head chef? A He would offer a higher salary to the right person.
a
His main concern is employing someone he can work well with.
C He is willing to take his time to find the fight person.
EXTRACT 2
You hear two people talking about a novelist called Mark Stein. 3 What is the man's opinion about Stein's second novel? A It will only appeal to those who liked his first novel.
B
S It is not up to the standard of the first novel.
e
It will not appeal to a wide readership.
4 What do the speakers agree about? A the superficial characterisation B the fast speed at which the novel was written
e
128
the lack of originality in the themes
B
EXTRACT 3 You hear an interview with a music critic.
5 Brian did not continue as a recording artist because A he had a disagreement with his fellow band members. B he was no longer making enough money.
Is c
C the style of music he played lost its popularity.
6 Why was Brian displeased when he was first asked to write for a music magazine? A His manager suggested him for the position without asking him first.
Is c
S He saw it as confirmation that he had failed as a musician. C He thought his ability was being called into question.
129
PART 2 You will hear a wildlife photographer called Leanna Marson talking about her work. For questions 7-14, complete the sentences.
Wildlife Photographer Leanna describes the emotion she experiences when she takes a good wildlife photograph as
magical
She feels that photography is not simply about
I(the) technical elements la I. leanna says her work involves predicting an animal's
movements
19 I.
leanna considers it a(n) LI_ _ _--'P_'_iv_i_'e_g:..e____IL'_0...J1 to be able to take pictures of wildlife.
She says that she needed to be
On a recent trip, Leanna was away for
Leanna finds
on one particular occasion.
7/seven months
L _ _ _-'-p_a_ c_k_in..:g=--__J.I_'3--'1 the worst part of going on a trip.
She feels that travelling has become
'30
_Iv_e_IY_1_t_,_u_st_in_g, -_...11_'...J1
LI_ _ _
,-_ _s_e_c_o_n_d_n_a_t_u_,e _ _L I1_4...J1 to her.
·
Test 6
PART 3 You will hear part of a radio interview in which a French food writer and actress, Nicole Lambert, is talking about her career. For questions 15-20, choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear.
15 Why did Nicole include recipes in her autobiography?
® She understood the limitations of writing about food. B She was keen to promote regional cuisine. C She wanted to communicate her passion for food. D She hoped that it would help sell the book.
16 What led to NicoJe writing about food in a newspaper? A She could not find any work as an actress. B It was a good way to supplement her low income.
e
She hoped the publicity would help her acting career.
@ A colleague recommended her for the job. 17 How did Nicole feel after she took the role in the play 'Ph8dre'? A worried about her financial situation B regretful that she hadn't taken another role instead C hopeful that it would kick-start her career
@ uncertain about the decision she had made 18 According to Nicole, why do some people eat at expensive restaurants? A They haven't discovered cooking for themselves. B They believe the food is better quality.
© They believe it's fashionable. D They are deceived by external appearances. 19 What is Nicole's attitude towards her native region of Normandy? A She feels that she doesn't know it well enough. B She doesn't want to give a wrong impression of it in her books. C She feels it is underrated by visitors.
® She feels that she owes her success to it. 20 Why did Nicole want to be involved in a documentary about Normandy? A She felt by doing so she would be helping her own family. B It would give her another opportunity to revisit her childhood.
© She considers herself part of the problem it addresses. D She feels she has a unique viewpoint on the problem.
131
Test 6 PART 4 You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about their pets. >
While you listen you must complete both tasks.
TASK ONE For questions 21-25, choose from the list (A-H) the main reason the speaker gives for choosing their pet.
A the result of unforeseen circumstances B the chance to learn a new skill C the personal qualities that can be developed by
owning it
0
Speaker 1 Speaker 2
the pleasure it would give to a member/members
Speaker 3
of their family
Speaker 4
E the potential benefits it would bring to their health Speaker 5
F the incentive to exercise
l e 121 I E 122 I A 123 I G 124 I D125
G the prospect of entering competitions H the recommendation of a friend
TASK TWO
>
For questions 26-30, choose from the list (A-H) how each speaker feels now.
A grateful for the companionship their pet provides
B surprised at how much they like their pet Speaker 1
D 1 26
Speaker 2
F 127
Speaker 3
A 1 28
Speaker 4
G 129
Speaker 5
B 1 30
C reluctant to get another pet 0
anxious over the cost of keeping their pet
E annoyed by their pet's behaviour
F keen for oth,ers to experience what they have
G disappointed with their pet H concerned about their pet
132
5 Hostilities between the two warring nations ceased over the festive perlod/tlme. 6 There wasn't a trace/track of blood on the murder weapon. 7 She apologised to her boss for last week's mix up/ mels-up over his travel arrangements. 8 We spent the entire holiday indoors as the rain was unrelenting/unforgiving . 9 The lagged/spiked rocks pierced the wooden hull of the boat. 10 The old woman stumbled/hobbled down the road with the aid of a stick.
1. Collocations and Vocabulary Study the following sentences and underline the correct alternative. A
1 There are several good quality hotels in the proxlmlty/VIclnlty of the railway station. 2 He's trying to project an Image/Impression of being wealthy. 3 The locals claim the volcano is passive/ dormant. 4 MOon't speak to me in that shade/tone of voice!" 5 The increase in oil prices caused a decline/ recession in Europe. 6 The explosion generated/trlggered an avalanche. 7 He's a versallle/Varled actor, capable of a range of roles. 8 The lead ballerina gave a(n) enthralling/capturing performance as Odette. 9 Many people become depressed in the winter when the nights widen/ lengthen. 10 If you wanted to pass the exam, you should have read/ studied harder.
B 1 A lot of companies are levelling down/downsizIng their workforce these days. 2 The passengers mounted/boarded the plane by the rear exit. 3 The lead/chief actor has a very commanding presence on stage. 4 Her dazzling beauty blew/took his breath away. 5 The herb is said to have healing properties/ effects. 6 Mary believes the sport should be acknowledged! admtttad at an intemationallevel. 7 Her endless excuses are wearing thin/slim. B The salesman gave me a spiel/slang about the benefits of having a private pension. 9 Beds are at a premier/ premium in already overcrowded hospitals. 10 Leading a balanced/proportional life is a key to reducing stress.
C 1 Software companies must be strong enough to survive in today's market share/place. 2 The dofendant exuded/emitted an air of confidence throughout the trial. 3 Margot doesn't dress fashionably but she has her own •• nl./feellng of style. 4 The heir to the throne may not marry a citizen/ commontr·
D
1 There wasn't much evidence/proof against the accused. 2 The town councillor plays a(n) prominent! outstanding role in local govemment. 3 His flat is sparsely/sparingly furnished and the walls and floors are bare. 4 When she was a child she was often Insulted/ teased about being overweight. 5 The government is afraid the weapons might drop/fall into enemy hands. 6 The manager saw/took a dim view of his repeated absences from work. 7 She has to give personal/private lessons to increase her meagre salary. 8 If he doesn't slow down, he'll burn/fire himself out! 9 Years of experience in the field had sharpened/ honed his skills to perfection. 10 One of the disadvantages of working abroad is that you may lose touch/connection with family and friends.
E
1 John reaJly enjoyed his day at the wildlife pari<; it far exceeded/overtook his expectations. 2 Let's forget our personal differences and focus/ centre on the task in hand. 3 The human cost of the earthquake and its aftermath/after-effects may never be known. 4 Digital cameras and televisions are all the rage/ trend at the moment. 5 I was just within hearing/earshot of their conversation and overhead everything that was said. 6 The bonus payable was an added motive/ Incentive for the workers to increase production. 7 Polar bears are greatly under rlsk/!h!!!! from global warming. 8 Tim said he and Sue split up because they had nothing In common/alike any more.
133
9 Pesticides and industrial waste are entering the food chain/string by way of factories. 10 The sales manager is .9M!!9fholdlng a presentation in the auditorium.
F 1 The government needs to tackle/strike the problem of youth unemploym~ 2 Since he lost his job he just sits at home all day wringing/twiddling his thumbs. 3 Andy is meeting/facing the biggest challenge of his life. 4 Americans taking their pets to psychologists have set a trend/fashlon that is unlikely to be followed by pet owners in the UK. 5 The article reflects/ mirrors the author's strong views on green issues. 6 Sue came from an ordinary, working class background/ backdrop. 7 Her refusal provoked a range/spread of emotions in him. 8 The artist's music was heavily atfected/lnfluenced by jazz. 9 The bazaar featured a stall selling homemade/ handmade snacks. 10 They erected a statue in memory of the late/ departed prime minister. -
G 1 The new wireless infrared computer saves space/ place in the office. 2 Clive is in work/at work at the moment, but I'll take a message for him. 3 This Ming vase is unique and absolutely worthless! priceless. 4 Herb Bernstein's latest film presents/features several new, talented actors. 5 No admission/Inclusion to unauthorised personnel. 6 The teacher was very Impressed/lnsplred with the behaviour of her class at the museum. 7 When cooking, it helps to have the right utensils/ tools. 8 Sitting in front of the TV all day is a(n) profitless/ unprofitable pastime. 9 You should have known better than to trust such a shadowy/shady character. 10 The new computer game was in such high demand/request that it sold out at five shops in a single day.
134
11 Complete the sentences with the correct answer a, b, c, or d. A 1 A person who sits in front of the TV all day is sometimes called a .. P. .. potato. a) hot cl sweet b) couch d) jacket 2 It was an exciting election campaign, with the two main candidates ..9. ... a) level headed cl level pegging b) levelling off d) level-crossing 3 The defendant was a ..fL petty thief. a) self-assured c) self-controlled b) self-consumed d) self-confessed 4 At the end of the letter she put a ..~ .. a) post-mortem c) postmark b) post box d) postscript 5 When in polite company, you must ..~... a) hold your tongue b) keep the peace c) mind your p's and q's d) mind your own business 6 A ..~... at the beginning of a word will change its meaning. a) preface cl prefix b) prefab d) prefect 7 Adam gets an adrenaline ..~.. from doing extreme sports. a) buzz cl hit b) feeling d) ring 8 Owners may leave their belongings in the left luggage office .. il .. a) at their own risk clan their own initiative b) off their own bat d) in their own interest 9 Can you help me think of a good title for my essay? Two ..~... are better than one! a) minds cl heads d) opinions b) ideas 10 Helen ..tt. at Frances angrily when she heard her speaking badly about Simon. al glimpsed c) glanced b) glared d) gazed
B 1 Both parties must agree to abide by the c . of the agreement. a) rules c) terms b) regulations d) qualifications 2 You've got your sweater on .. 9. ... -( a) upside down c) back to front b) back to back d) the wrong way up 3 The parcel containing glassware was marked .P.... a) 'frail' c) 'fragile' b) 'delicate' d) 'febrile'
4 I need to call a technician; I can't . ,~ .. to the Internet. a) connect c) link b) join d) attach 5 All .. ff .. for this position will be interviewed by the manager. a) representatives c) contestants b) entrants d) candidates 6 The museum is free of ..~ .. on Sundays. a) cost c) expense b) entrance d) charge 7 That new TV series had viewers ..!=: .. to their screens. a) screwed c) riveted b) fixed d) nailed 8 Anna was so embarrassed about her mistake that she couldn't make eye ..~ .. with her boss. a) contact c) connection b) communication d) association 9 Smoking can .. !=: .. to many serious diseases. a) result c) lead b) connect d) follow 10 Jason has incredible energy - he is always ..P. .. . a) on the mend c) on the tiles b) on the go d) on the make
C 1 Sarah's mum doesn't ..~ .. of her new boyfriend .
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
a) favour c) commend b) approve d) support Citizens over 65 are ...ct to a half price bus pass. a) obliged c) pennitted b) licensed d) entitled A company car is just one of the 3~.. of the job. a) prizes cl enjoyments b) profits d) perks The sales manager was ...... after he lost the company thousands of pounds. a) dismissed c) discounted b) disengaged d) disaffected Stores are now selling goods at .. ~.. prices. a) bottomless cl rock bottom b) bottom line d) the bottom of Once we get to Rio, the rest of the journey should be JL a) calm waters c) easy riding b) plain sailing d) travelling light Jake winked and gave them a ..~ .. look. a) worthwhile c) telling b) comprehending d) knowing Earthquake-proof buildings are meant to ..~.. all but the strongest quakes. a) avoid c) oppose b) withstand d) support
9 The actor insisted that the reporter keep his remarks .. !=: ..• a) off the cuff c) off the record b) off the deep end d) off the beaten track 10 Newton's theory on gravity came to him .Jt. when an apple fell on his head . a) out of the blue c) by the way b) on the off-chance d) in the near future
o
1 Electricity is cheaper at ..~ .. hours. a) off-season c) off-hand b) off-duty d) off-peak 2 Ben Afleck's new film has received JL reviews. a) wild c) vigorous b) rave d) keen 3 Alex was at a .. ~ .. for words when Sam accused him of stealing from him. a) loss cl lack b) failure d) need 4 The filmstar's marriage was a .. q.. secret for a number of years. a) well-read c) well-known b) well-meant d) well-kept 5 I can't tell you a what the population of Jamaica is, but if you wait a minute I'll look it up. a) off-hand cl off-chance b) off-beat d) off-balance 6 It took us two hours to cross the .. ~.. between the two countries. al line c) limit b) border d) boundary 7 Sarah fell over so many times while skiing that she was .. ~ .. by the end of the holiday. a) black and blue c) in bits and pieces b) head over heals d) burnt out 8 So you don't like the play, but when you are given complimentary tickets to the theatre you shouldn't ..f"- . a) look a gifthorse in the mouth b) look for a needle in a haystack cl cry for the moon d) take the rough with the smooth 9 Rag finally ..!=: .. his redundancy and stopped feeling so depressed about it. a) made the best of cl came to terms with b) gave up on d) got the hang of 10 The student grant was not enough to ..~ ... a) make ends meet c) meet his match b) make or break d) hang by a thread
135
7 They rounded off/up the meal with coffee. 8 Jane was surprised at/from Paul's rude behaviour. 9 He was acting out/on the advice of his accountant when he took the case to court. 10 The surgeons are operating on/ln the patient now.
2. Useful Expressions/Accepted Phrases Underline the correct alternative in the following sentences. 1 Sacrificing your free time and working hard are ~ and parcellthe be all and end all of being a successful business owner. 2 ¥ou know, I'm really not in the mood for/frame of mind for an argument right now. 3 The letter for Mr Smith was opened at 'auMn error. 4 The dangerous criminal was known to be still In the running/on the run. 5 It was later discovered that the minister was hand over fist/hand In glove with the conspirators. 6 This portrait of my grandfather doesn't really do him justice/serve him right. 7 Can you move your van? It's in the way/on the way. 8 People who are In the act/In the know say that the president will resign. 9 What a wonderful couplel They get on like cat and dog/a house on fire. 10 It was htt and miss/touch and go as to whether the competitor would be disqualified. . 11 What a lovely day! Spring is in the air/on the air. 12 According to the big bang/big deal theory, the universe was the result of a huge explosion. 13 We're going to have to tell them the truth sooner or later/by and large. 14 They say he's got pneumonia, sort of/or something like that. 15 He apologised for his behaviour and that was the end of it/that'lI be the day.
3. Word and Preposition Combinations Study the sentences below and underline the correct alternative. A 1 Everyone congratulated Rebecca In/on her success In the exam. 2 Shall I apply to/for the post advertised, then? 3 The Bakers loaded the car ~/out with luggage and set out for the seaside. 4 Contestants are requested to abide to/~ the rules; the judges' decision is final. S Bigways Stores do not charge for/wlth home delivery of groceries. 6 We will have to speed ~/away if we want to finish the project on time.
136
B
1 Exhausted, Geoff fell into an armchair and dozed out/off. 2 Some new curtains in bright colours would liven ~/in the room. 3 I'll sound out/down my father to see how he feels about the scheme. 4 Sometimes we all need a person to lean against/
on. S A few unscrupulous traders profited from/for the financial crisis. 6 The moon blocked up/out the sun for several minutes during the eclipse. 7 You were unwise to confide on/In her, as she is such a dreadful gossip. 8 It is the herd instinct which makes people conform to/Wtth a group identity. 9 Many people have home alarms installed to safeguard them towards/against burglary. 10 I'm going to audition at!for the lead role. Wish me luck!
C 1 Oerek didn't partiCipate in/at the discussion, but just sat watching. 2 The deputy chairman presided at/over the meeting. 3 The young prince succeeded to/at the throne on the death of the king. 4 The sentry remained In/ at his post throughout the night. 5 Sheila disposes from/of her old clothes by giving them to charities. 6 Ronald deals With/In antiques and fine art for a living. 7 The man in the black Stetson hat dealt out/up the cards. 8 Heather didn't feel at/by ease at the party; in fact, she felt very uncomfortable. 9 The personnel officer narrowed off/down the " candidates on the short list to three. 10 Not all patients respond to/for this alternative therapy.
Paper 3 Use of English
,. 11
Fill the gaps with the correct prepositions.
A 1 I was heartened .. )~y. ..... the fact that I wasn't alone in finding the test difficult. 2 The advertising campaign had a major impact
.... g!L .. the sales of the product.
3 Oh, let's not squabble .C!x~r/~.1:!!J.1!J which film to watch; I really don't mind what we see. 4 There ought to be safeguards ~g!!!.'J.~.~ computer hackers. h 5 Journalists bombarded the politician .. x~.l.L .. questions about the latest scandal. 6 She's determined ... JP. ..... win the trophy. 7 The government ought to take steps to put an end ... ..t.9. ..... football hooliganism. 8 The band's style reminds me .... 9.L ... the Beatles. 9 Combatants wear camouflage to blend in ...~.i.~fJ. ... their surroundings. for . cap1'taI 10 He is a strong advocate ............ punishment.
C 1 I wish you wouldn't contradict me ... )1J.. ..... publici 2 The public are in opposition ... J~..... privatising the postal service. 3 When he explained where he'd been, it all fell ... {m~L . place. .--, 4 He decided to opt ... l~r... .. the smaller lV as it was cheaper. 5 I'm wary .....'?L .. people who don't look me in the eye when they're talking to me. 6 Tom sits around watching lV all day; ... JQ. ..... other words, he's very lazy.
...
Passengers are asked to smoke only ... JtJ...... designated areas. . 8 The unattractive building was at odds ...~!m its idyllic surroundings. 9 Sarah was finding it difficult to cope ... ~~~~ ... her increasing work load . 10 Showbusiness is so competitive that those who don't have drive and ambition just fall .... I1Y..... the wayside. 7
....
4. Phrasal Verbs Study the sentences and underline the correct alternative.
A t 2 3 4
B 1 We should replace him if he's not .... YR ... to the job. 2 She doesn't like delegating ... J9...... her colleagues. 3 I'd hate the life of a travelling salesman; you're always .... .CJ.')..... the move. 4 You can always talk to me about your problems; h don't suffer .....~~ ..... silence. 5 She's a loyal friend. She's stuck by me ~~r.~.~9 .. thick and thin. 6 Please keep an eye .... g.'!. .... the children while I go into the bank. 7 Oil prices are spiralling ....CJYL . of control. 8 If you want to make a good impression ... Jm..... the interviewer, maintain eye contact. 9 My suggestion of holding a staff meeting didn't go ..~~w.n. . well with the boss. 10 She's happy to fit in ...wW:t .. our plans for the weekend.
-
S 6 7
a 9 10
B
Deborah wanted to pick up on/brush up on her Spanish before the holiday. Half the class have gone off with/gone down with flu this week. The children polished off/polished up all the chocolate cake at the party. I would never pass up/ pass over an opportunity to work abroad. He passed himself on/off as the minister's son. I'd like to take you out on/up on that offer of dinner. Every time Sam deals with bureaucrats, he says it's like coming into/coming up against a brick wall. Russell's so indisciplined that he can't hold up/ hold down a job. You see that the total sum has been carried forward/carried out onto the next page. Jo always wins arguments; she never backs away/ backs down.
1 ~elieve that while the vandals were
2 3 4
S 6 7
a 9
efacin property, people Just looked up/ loo ed on and did nothing. OK you can have the party, but you'll have to clear off/clean up afterwards. The lawyer drew up/drew off a document for them to sign. He saw the burglar draw out/draw back a gun. Who would have believed that Tony would walk In on/Walk out on his family? An observer looked in on/sat In on the entire experiment, from beginning to end. The latest model goes with/comes with a twoyear guarantee. . They were surprised when Arnold pulled off/ pulled on the multi-million business deal. Shirley soon went off/came off the idea of a camping holiday.
137
r 3 Use of English
,.
After 45 years of working hard, Ray just wants to sit down/sit back and enjoy life.
C 1 The gardener cut back/cut off the plants with secateurs make them grow. 2 Don't ay any attention to the twins; they're
always showing off/showing up. 3 Women who put out/put off having a baby until 4
5 6 7 S 9
,.
their 30's often make better mothers. Dustin is terribly bossy, always laying up/~ down the law to everyone else. "Slugger" Brown was knocked back/knocked out in the final round of the match. After a while, the side-effects of the medicine will wear out/wear off. I'm sure George will think out/think up some excuse not to accept the post. On second thoughts, let's put out/leave out that paragraph. You go ahead and I'll catch you out/catch you ~ in a few minutes. Frances and Peggy just didn't hit It off/hlt It away with each other.
5. Verb forms - Auxiliary verbs
eal have
leave pass
play
want
1ake
win
1 I'm tired of ...... JUltin9 ....... the same fast food every day. 2 Paul is happy because at last he :sJ.ha:i.pa:ised.. his driving test. 3 The doctor asked the nurse ..... .t.Q..(ake........ the patient's temperature. 4 Johnny ....... ~~~~~ ........ to be a footballer when he grows up. S The hit-and-run driver ........ Jf!.11 ......... the scene of the accident before anyone could take down his numberplate. 6 Don't tell me that the children are still ..... p!~Y..!ng .... outside at this late hour. 7 After . wl!J!Jl(!g/.f).i!.~t'1g . '#9.1J. the race, Sam did a victory lap. a I would rather leave my homework until later but I ......... hil.fJ. ......... better finish it now. 9 If I'd known you were coming, I '91w.m!'9. !mJ(~ .I;ffl~~d a cake. 10 Students ~~h¥.!'t~P.'~~.~ in the appropriate class after their placement tests have been marked.
138
be (x2) charge
know lose
finish sl1
take tell
wait
1 If I ........ ~~r~......... you, I wouldn't trust him. 2 Passing exams is great. It's ....... ~~~!!?g. . . . . . . . them that most people dislike. 3 I .......~~n~.C!. ....... for them outside the cinema for an hour and then left. 4 Ten to one she won't have .... ..fjn.~~.IJ.f!JL ... the work yet. S I can't find the scissors; who ....IJ.{I:$: .f!1~~n..... them? 6 If you haven't seen the film, I .....w~mJ. .fe.U..... you about it, so as not to spoil it for you. 7 If Dave ...t:!{tJf.!m.Q.w.'.'I.. .. about the public transport strike, he would have taken his car. a If only it ... J!o:'-$l We.nL .. springtime! 9 The burglar ~a:;lha~ .tHfftn..c;PfI.r.gftf! with breaking and entering. 10 I don't know whether I ... {!J.iI.VJ~1.fg~L . my purse or just mislaid it. III Complete the sentences with the missing auxiliary verb or modal verb.
Complete the sentences below using the verbs In the box In the right form. place bake
11 Complete the sentences below using the verbs in the box In the right form.
A 1 A proposal .'((!Hi/.fm.~..Q.~.f!.n. submitted to suggest widening the road instead of constructing a new bypass. 2 The man had a solid alibi, so he couldn't ........~~r.~ ......... committed the crime. O u Oo hIm; he .......... could1 mightlma ll b ea1 t... .... 1.•... i1f. Sl JO 3 Try ringing home. ~ 4 "Don't move or I ..........wi!f... ....... shooW yelled the police officer. S I wish you ..... rf.~!-!!!!n~ .... slam the door like that! 6 Ci/nJ.C.gJ!!~/M~Y I borrow that new cookery book of yours? 7 ..........WHL ...... he agree to sign the contract now that we have altered it? a Yes, of course I ........ J;~m.......... swim; Ileamt as a child. 9 If only I ....... 9J!.I!.~C!. ........ be rich and famous! 10 Peter .........h.~.C!. ......... never visited the F
B 1 ~.nl.C9.vlrJJ.W.~~'. you help me to move this piano? 2 If I cook the meal, ......... ~!~~ .......... you wash up? 3 Oh, there you are! I ... t!~y!'! . 1?~.~I] .... looking for you everywhere.
,4 The aeroplane .......~~.~.':l::t ...... taken off yet because it hasn't received clearance from the control tower. S The teacher gave Billy a detention because he n.~.~n l done his homework. 6 Stan hates .......~~y.~~g ....... to work overtime as he would rather be at home. 7 I ..... !J!~.'(.f!....... never had any intention of giving in to their threats, no matter what they say. 8 §l!9!-!.I.C!J$tm!!.. I lock the door when I leave, or do you not want me to? 9 Geraldine !it1.Q.I!lC!JwHUm~yJmi.ghf. have her hair cut before she goes for her interview. 10 You ..........wH!... ....... switch the TV off before you go to bed, won't you?
.......
10
11
12
13
6. Linking words and phrases
1 The match was cancelled ... k.... bad weather. a) on behalf of c) by reason of b) due to d) as to 2 ... !;.... the position you applied for has now been filled, we shall keep your details on file for future reference. a) However c) Although b) Despite d) Nevertheless 3 Not only does working from home increase productivity but it ... ~ .... cuts the cost of overheads. a) equally c) also b) too d) likewise 4 I'll be in the office all afternoon .A .... 5 o'dock, but after that I'll be at home. a) by c) around b) for d) until 5 The prosecution tried to prove their case ...~ .... the defendant was acquitted because of lack of evidence. a) but c) after b) and d) so 6 Despite numerous reminders from our department, the outstanding bill has .. JL .. not been paid. a) yet c) still b) even d) already 7 .. .!it... fire, break glass to sound the alarm. a) In case of c) In the situation of b) On the occasion of d) In event of 8 ...~ .... his latest novel not only published but also a success, Matthew was feeling pretty pleased with himself. a) For ejAs b) With d) Because
,..I
9 ...~ .... you submit your dissertation before the
......
Complete the sentences with the correct option a, b, c, or d.
Paper 3 Use of English
14
15
deadline, it will be accepted. a) As soon as c) As far as b) As long as d) As welt as Laurence will be back ... k.... you get here. a) until c) while b) by the time d) as long as ... P.... the dreadful weather, we were determined to make the most of our visit. a) Although c) As far as b) Despite d) Nevertheless The bus had already left, ... ~ .... Pamela had to walk to work. a) so c) because b) indeed d) as the old dial-up Internet system was very slow ....C? ... broadband brings up information in seconds. a) nevertheless c) whereas b) therefore d) in spite of It was only ... ~.... he had signed the contract that he changed his mind. a) later c) after b) then d) since Nobody has seen Deborah ...~ .... last night. a) for c) by b) since d) from
11 Underline the correct Item In order to complete the sentences.
1 The party has been cancelled, but J wasn't going to go besides/anyway. 2 Incidentally/Generally, have you given any more thought to my proposal? 3 He's a very good worker. BesldeS/Nevertheless, we're going to have let him go. 4 Believe It or not/Needless to say, she's twenty-five, though she looks much younger. S You made a few spelling errors, but furthermore/ other than that it was a perfectly good composition. 6 By and large/At the same time, it's a really good school, but I'd rather it wasn't so exam orientated. 7 I realise it was an accident; stili/even though, it was rather careless of her. 8 Remember I told you I might be going on a business trip? Well/So, it's been cancelled. 9 Carla rang while you were out. She's not coming over tonight after all/eventually. 10 You'd think she'd have replaced it. At long last/At the end of the day, it was her fault. 11 We'll be back in a week ~/or such.
139
· .' .•
Paper 3 Use of English
12 ApparentlY/Approximately, the store isn't going to press charges against them. 13 Then, when we got there, we couldn't find our tickets. In a word/To cut a long story short, we missed the performance altogether. No, I hadn't forgotten it was our anniversary. On the whole/As a matter of fact, I thought you had. 15 Firstly/At first, I would like to thank the committee for inviting me here today.
,.
7. Word Formation/Prefixes and Suffixes Add a prefix to the words In brackets in order to form a negative word to fill In the gaps. Make any other necessary changes.
G) Sh 2 3 4 5 6
~ 8
was Iy convicted and proved it was a ...m~sc:~rr.~~g~ .... of justice. (carriage) My parents always ......c!}~!!pp.r.'!.~.I!... .... of my choice of music. (approve) Unfortunately, their road trip turned out to be ..~~.~~.c!!.f!.~!~!.~~.~. and full of problems. (adventure) Melissa giggles all the time; she's so .... .imm~.~f.J.r.' 1 (mature) The article on his early life in Kenya was terribly ..... .lfJ.".r;.r;.Hr~y!... .... . (accurate) There's no use offering to buy me another one. That vase was ... !r.~~p!~.c;.~.~.t;J.~~ ..... . (replace) I find his habit of staring at me without blinking rather ........I.!.fJ.r:!~!r!g....... . (nerve) That particular fragrance has been ... !!J.~.c;.C?IJW'~~.c!. ... because it wasn't selling very well. (continue) Their opening hours are very ... .!!J.r;.CJ.I1¥.~I1!~!J.t... . (convenient) The clothes he was wearing were ...~I}!!PP~Pf!.i!.~~ .... for such a warm day. (appropriate)
....
® ~
140
5 The escalating oil prices sent Europe into a
.......r:~g~~~!~m...... . (recess) 6 She demonstrated dedication and .... g~mmf~m.~(!f... to her career. (commit) 7 The measures that were taken to prevent hooliganism were very ....... ~!!.~S.~~¥.f!......... (effect) 8 ... ~9.~~~P.!:?r."J'~~... with the enemy during wartime was punishable by death. (collaborate) 9 His .....".'.'YmpJ'9.'L. .. that they wouldn't come was based on the fact that they hadn't replied to his invitation. (assume) 10 The workforce showed their ......'?p.R.~~!y~.IJ. ..... to the merger by going on strike. (oppose) III
Add a suffix to the words in brackets in order to form a word to fill the gaps.
1 Her biggest ...... ~~~~11~~~ ...... is that she gives up too easily. (weak) 2 Many patients are rejecting drugs in favour of ..... J~!!.f!.m~!!!f~....... medicine. (alternate) 3 Excessive alcohol .... ~!?fJ.'.l.!.tJ:Ipf!~.~..... can seriously damage your health. (consume) 4 I can't study unless there are no ..... #!~!r.~f?~!!?!J.~..... . around me. (distract) 5 When teaching children, you have to adopt an .... .!m.
11 Add a suffix to the verbs In brackets In order to form a noun to fill In the gaps.
IV Add the prefix 'dls' to the words in brackets and form words to fill In the gaps. Make any other necessary changes.
1 You shouldn't pass .... .JY.t!gtNJJ..f!tJ.L .... without knowing all the facts. (judge) 2 You don't want to give the interviewer the ......~IJ.lp.r!!.~.IP.r:L .. that you're desperate for the job. (Impress) 3 The country's ....9."¥.ft/9Ii'm~mL has been hindered by the fact that the government has run up huge debts. (develop) 4 We need to find new ways of lowering the crime rate since .... fmRrJ.'.Qnm...nL. is no longer such a deterrent. (Imprison)
1 Dampness had ... A!~~~!.Q.I!.[~g ..... the walls and ceiling of the old cottage. (colour) 2 When he toid her he couldn't marry her, she looked at him in ........ gf~~.'!.f!.L ..... . (believe) 3 The captain announced that A~~f!.m~~r.~~.~~~!! ... would commence shortly and apologised for the delay. (embark) 4 They say he was .... .!!l.,.C;.IJ..{l.r:g.~.C!. ...... from the navy on medical grounds. (charge)
5 The victims were paid compensation but the actual sum has not been ....... rI#ir;IR.~.t:.(I. ....... . (close) 6 The w orce expressed their ..... Jll.~f.Q.lJ.f~nL .... at th m a re ay rise by going on strike. (content) 7 Most people are in favour of ... ....Qi:l~rmjf)9. ....... the world of nuclear weapons. (arm) 8 I'm becoming rather ....q!~~O~h~.rJ.("9..... with living in the countryside; it's so boring! (enchant) 9 Andrea felt very .....Q/:l(;QUr.a.9flq..... after failing her driving test for the second time. (courage) 10 Perry has done a .... 9.!~~p.p..f!.i!.t:,~g..... act. We can't find him anywhere! (appear) V Add a prefix and a suffix to the word In brackets to form a word to fill the gaps.
(Y It is .... }':1.i!.~M~.i!.~!~ ...... to go swimming just after
5 She's very ......mfttf).9.Q{f(~,...... in her research and records every finding in detail. 6 We measure .....~.(mg~p.h~r~~ ..... pressure with a barometer, not a thermometer. 7 If you need some time on your own, my flat is at your ... JH~p'g.~.i;J.L . 8 When Sarah was a young child she had an ..... )ffi~g!m~ly. ....... friend. 9 Sarn's father gave him a look of ......C!.~~."p.Jm~.I(~!...... from across the table. 10 A weU-read individual is usuaUy ..~t;I;~~{~~9.f!J.!l.P.f~... about a variety of subjects.
METHOD
I
ATMOSPHERE
DISPOSE IMAGINE
APPROVE
KNOW
you have eaten. (advice)
2 She was .... )m:f!r.f!.~.(IY. ..... to blame for the accident. She should never have taken him there. (direct) 3 It's .... 9.!~gr.~.~.f!.{I!.L . that some managers give themselves such huge pay rises. (grace) 4 He was sacked because of his ..... .in!.~..~iP.iJ.~ty...... . He refused to work even the odd evening or weekend. (flexible) (@)The house was ....v.(lf"f1"Pi~~~~~ .... when we first moved in, so we practically had to rebuild it. (Inhabit) 6 His rudeness was .....v.lJ.fgrgiy.~.~l~ .....1 I'll never speak to him again. (forgive) 7 The fact that he wasn't married could be .q{f.'-w.'-IJ.~g.f:9.!-t~. to his political career. (advantage) 8 That story she told about being lost at sea for a week was totally .....I.J.Ot?~!!~.I(~t?!!~...... (believe) 9 There's a very .. .J:f{~~gr."i!.t?!~..... odour coming from the cellar. (agree) flO) There seems to be an .... ..!rr.~g!-!!i!r.i.t:y. ...... . Let's V check the figures again. (regular)
VI Complete the sentences with a word formed from the word In capitals. 1 They hired him because of his ........tK.QIUtl$.f. ....... in that particular field of archaeology. 2 "So what, in your opinion, makes a good .......'-ffiRIRY!I.f L ..... ?3 I will no longer tolerate his bad
......b.• ~~.(Q"r....... . 4 They W6fe arrested on ..... $J.(spJ.~IQIl ..... of drug trafficking.
EXPERT EMPLOY BEHAVE
8. Gapped Sentences Complete the sentences with one word that can be used appropriately In all three sentences.
1 The dentist told me the effects of the injection would ........ Wflilr. ........ off soon. I tend to .........W!HIf.. ....... out my shoes before I buy another pair. What do you intend to ... .... ..Wftilf... ...... to the party tonight?
2 The police caught the burglar in the ..........!I.~~......... . of climbing out the window. The psychiatrist told her to .......... i!.~L ....... out her frustration. The toddler was warned by its mother not to ..........~~t ......... up. 3 All the teachers ........ .1001<:.. ...... up to the headmaster. My grandparents always ........ .Iook......... back nostalgically on their childhood. Bill must have done something wrong because Alison gave him a dirty ......... IQ.o.k. ....... . 4 Annie helps everyone because she's got a ........ h.t:./ llf ........ of gOld. The actors obviously hadn't learnt their lines by ...... }!~~~ ........ as they kept forgetting the words. She opened her ........ h.fI.~rL ..... to him and spoke honestly about all her troubles .
SUSPECT
141
5 The delay in taking off was ......... p.yt ........ down to bad weather conditions. We ......... P.:~L ....... my cousin up for a week because he couldn't afford a hotel. I couldn't quite ......... p.yL ....... my finger on it but I knew something was wrong.
13 Sally ........(:.CJ.m@..•.•... up with some great ideas for
6 We ........ ..rfU'J.......... up against several problems when booking the tickets. Guess who I ........ Bm.......... into the other day? The manager ......... Xf.!!1. •..•••.•. through the work we needed to do.
14 We'd finished all the work so we decided to ..........~.~.~L ...... it a day. If you have some free time, why don't you ..........t:;.f ll. ......... in later? Looking at those dark clouds, I think we'll have to ......... ~~",.......... off the picnic.
7 Sam found it difficult to ........ !!~~P.. ........ up with the runners in front. They had to ........ lfft.flP.. ........ to the right side of the escalator. The students were encouraged to ........ kftfUL ..... . track of their own progress.
Dad's birthday present. Much to my disappointment, no volunteers ........Ir.«mft ........ forward. When his uncle died, Gary ........~.~.m~........ into a small fortune.
15 The twins are so similar I can't ......... .!!;!.I. ......... them apart. She's very sensitive and if you .......... ~~W ......... her off, she'll start to cry. Only time will ......... J~U .......... whether the decision was correct or not.
8 The two cars are completely different - they're worlds ....... Jm~rt ........ . The book fell ........ IIR.f rt ........ after she dropped it in the water . ........ Apart ....... from the problem with your ankle, how do you feel?
16 Don't turn your .........~~~(C ...... on me when I'm talking to you. Cast your mind .........~~~~ ........ to your first day at school. Going .........~.{I.I;.t. .... .. to the office after two weeks' holiday is a nightmare.
9 When the computer crashed, we had to .. ...... ..f~!.I. .. back on pencil and paper. If the plans .......... tllll... .... ... through, we'll have to arrange something else. Be careful you don't .......... fllll. ......... into the hands of the enemy.
17 She won't want to go to the Indian restaurant as she doesn't .........f;.~.@ ......... for spicy food. When you're young, you don't have a ...... .. .<::IIr.e........ . in the world. I couldn't .........<::IIf!t...... ... less about your problems.
10 I don't understand. What are you ...... g.' .«i09....... at
18 The escaped prisoners are back .......I?.~t!~r!~...... .
exactly? ..... J~@"!!J9o ...... around town at rush hour can be a challenge. We enjoy ...... 9.~~!ng....... away at the weekend.
bars . I must finish this project tonight because I don 't want to get .......~~fi!np. ...... with my work. I don't know what's happening because discussions are being held .......~."I:!i(!f!... .... closed doors .
11 That law is outdated and should have been ..... .. JJ.Q.IJ.fL ..... . away with years ago. My day was so exhausting that I'm completely ........ d.Qfl.t ........ in. Getting my parents to agree to that is easier said than ........ ~g~!L ...... . 12 There's no way I can do ...... ~lthrJ.~f ...... my mobile phone. Oan accepted the job offer ...... ~~~~~~.... ... a second thought. You must be here on time ...... w.m~.C?.I!.L. ... fail.
142
19 The plot was so confusing I couldn't ...... .1.;9oI,/J"'....... . out what was going on. A ....... !.I9oI,I.f.fL ..... in old fashioned clothes appeared in the doorway. Don't take it seriously; it's just a ...... Ji9.Hf.f!........ of speech.
Paper 3 Use of En fish
-. .. ,' 20 The road was a dead ........ JU'1r:!.•.....•.. and went nowhere. I'm at a loose ......... ~nc( ........ this evening. Want to go out? If we keep driving in this direction. I don't know where we're going to ........ JH~.C! ......... up.
28 Frank was frt to ....... ..'$.(9P. ........ after running the
21 If you ........P.rln9. ........ up the subject of pocket
29 We think ........~.~Q.rJg........ the same lines which is why we have such a good relationship. You can sing ........~.~9.rJg ........ to all your favourite hits. Getting ........~.l.9.rJg ........ as a family is not always as easy as it sounds.
money one more time. I'll scream. Looking after a pet will ........P.rln9. ........ out the best in a child. If I ........P.r.~tJ9. ........ off this deal. I'll have enough money to retire.
22 That kind of book is right ......... PP............ my street. Anybody in the building after hours is probably .......... '-!P..... ....... to no good. The baby was burning ......... .fUL ........ with fever and we had to call the doctor.
marathon. You must ........ q.'.9.p. ......... me a line when you next come to town. Sales of suntan lotion usually ........ !!.r.9.P......... off in the winter.
30 We must get together and ........C?:~!~f? ........ up on all the news. I was so busy I didn't have a minute to ........ ~~.~~~L .... my breath. Be careful you don't ........~~,~f?........ your sweater on that nail!
23 I just need to ........ l!.9.fL ....... out some small problems in the proposal. The time is right so let's strike while the ....... jr.Q.~L. ...... is hot. I ought to ........ .!tQ.rJ ......... a shirt for the wedding. 24 The flat is to ......... .!~!.. .......... but only to the most suitable applicant. Mary was devastated when Danny ......... .!~.r.. ....... .. her down so badly. We couldn't go out as the rain didn't .......... !.f!L ........ up all day.
25 Can you just ....... ~f?f!.C?~........ over these figures? I'm not sure they're correct. The number of stray dogs on the streets should be kept in ....... ~h~.C?~......... You must ....... ~f?~.C?L ..... in at least two hours before your flight. 26 If we're driving all that distance, I'll need to fII........... up the tank. .......... .!..
aill had had his .......... .fl.lL ........ of the poor pay and quit his job. fII Could you .......... ..1............. out the form and put your signature at the bottom?
hand . 27 G ·•ve your b ro Ih er a ·......................... WI'Ih carrying the luggagel I have to ........ f!.2!.'JJJ.. ....... it to you. it was a ;Ob well done. Manchester United had the upper ....... ,tmn!!. ........ in the second half.
9. Key Word Transformations Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, Including the word given.
1 She had no intention of helping with the meal.
NEVER She ..............(!~~~!'J~~~n!!.f!.r!.J9...I).fJ.IP. .............. with the meal. 2 You can try to start the engine with that key, but it won't work.
POINT There's ............ n.9.p.f!lnUmUrrfn9............. to start the engine with that key. 3 John and Anna appear to be very different.
COMMON John and Anna appear to .... tu~~~. U~{f~jf!9.r.MJ!lL .. .......... o9,tft .IQt.Jf.J..9.QmmJw .......... with each other. 4 The electrician was fixing the lights when I got home.
BEING The lights .w."(~. ~~/)JI . f!Xf1P.fP.y..th.~..'-~fJ.~*-~t;li1.t)J . when I got home. S This matter has nothing to do with you.
CONCERN This matter ............ i~ . mjl..c.9.0t:f~r.o . Qf. ........... yours.
143
6
Bill is very proud of his footballing skills.
TAKES
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Bill .......... 1.~.~.f#.$. Jm~.q.1J1~ . '91..Q.fj. px!~~. f.tJ.. .......... his footbatling skills. The referee will have to postpone the match if the rain continues. OFF The match will have .......... JQ. . P~..q.~.~~f!.~(9.f! .......... . if the rain continues. Uving in the countryside does not suit me. CUT I'm ..................... r1.Q.( . ~Y1..Q.Hrt.Q.r:. .................... living in the countryside. It wasn't David's fault that the dinner was late. FOR David ....................w~~m:U9.. ~l.~m.fJ.l~r... ................ . the dinner being late. Dad doesn't mind if I stay out late as long as I phone. OBJECT Dad doesn't .......9:~j~~UQ. . m~/.t;J:Iy. .~to!ly~~g ....... out late as long as I phone. Not once did Henry suspect that his dog would bite him. OCCURRED It never ...........Q.m::9..9.r;.t;.l.!.m:.r!..ff?.I:fftnly. .......... that his dog would bite him. She never gave me the impression that she was generous. ACROSS She never .... f~m.fJ. .~~r9.~.~ ..~.~..l1,fJ.!~g..... generous. If you buy that car, you'll be wasting your money. WASTE It would ..........~~.!!..W.~~!.~..9.(m.C?f.1.~y.. ~~........... buy that car. I hadn't expected the book to be that bad.
19 The loss of his father has seriously affected him. EFFECT
.1
The loss of his father has .IJ.~.cta .$.ftric.f.J.$..fl..ttftc.tfr ...................... him. 20 Harry doesn't feel like going out tonight.
MOOD 21
22
23
24
25
15
16
17
18
144
Harry isn't ............ .iRthft.fflQOu.IQL ........... going out tonight. We ought to discuss the location of the end-ot-term party. HAVE We ought to ....I)."v.~.." .9.{~p.u~~{rm.lH,.9.utwn.fl..~fL . we are going to hold the end·of·term party. Mr Jones concluded that he should retire. CAME Mr Jones ...... ~ilm.~..tQ.1b.e..f
A Fiona has ..............QUit.fl..aJl09.rJ. .vi.ftW..QC ....... the mountain from her bedroom window. 26 Is this the room where the meeting is going to be held?
PLACE
27
SHORT The book .t~Il . (fflliw.ayJ . shclf. cl .my. expectations. Gerry had to leave his job dLle to ill health. RESULTED III health ...... r.~~l.!.n~Jl.ifJ..~.~~ry. !J.i1.t(jfJg ...... to leave his job. Very few people came to the opening nightot the play. HARDLY , There .... Wftr.e. .11ltr.Q/y. .MY. ftftCp(e. .af/wlts .hlll"'r. ... .... anJ(on.e..aL the opening of the play. Jamie will have a carpenter put up her shelves. BE Jamie's shelves .............. Wm .~~ . P.Y.tHP...~Y. ............ . a carpenter. He took no notice of the 'No Entry' sign PAID He ............. Jufid. n.Q .aN~n.tiQn. t.Q ....................... the 'No Entry' sign.
n. ~
28
29
30
Is the meeting .......... gQing..tQ.tilke.pJac.e..in.... . this room? . Excuse me, but do you know if there is a pet shop in the area? AWARE Excuse me, but .......... ar.e..YQu.awar.e..Qt.ilny......... . pet shops in the area? I haven't seen your keys since yesterday morning. LAST The ..................... '~~f. 1im.e.J~~w. ..................... your keys was yesterday morning. Barry can only see with the aid of his glasses. INCAPABLE Barry is ....... !n.c;.~P..~~I~ . g.t~fJ.~!!!g..W!~.fJ.9.HL ..... his glasses. She'd rather cook her own food than buy readymade meals. PREFERS She ......... p..~~f~!~..;9.!l.~!ng. l!~r. .c?'~'1 . f!lp.t;I. .~!l......... . buying ready-made meals.
SPEAKING TEST I Part 1 1(3 minutes) • • • • •
How long have you been studying English? What do you enjoy most about learning English? What do you like to do In your spare time? What's the most exciting experience you've ever had ... (Why7) If you could live In another country, where would you choose? ... (Why?)
Part
21(4 minutes)
c.ncfkIaCe A:
Look at the pictures below, Compare two of the pictures, and say what situation each woman might be In, and how she may be 'eellng.
•
What situation might each woman be in?
•
How might each woman be feeling?
c.ddMe a
Which picture shows the 18881 stressful situation for these women to be In? ... (Why?)
~. ~
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say what challenges each person might be facing In their lob and how each person might be feeling.
• Who! challenges might MOh porIOn be faclng In IIleIr job? •
How might MOh porIOn be tooling?
c.d.t\I• .k
Which of these people can leave their wort< behind and not think about It again until the next day? ... (Why?)
145
SPEAKING TEST I Part 3
I (4 minutes) pahwork
Here are some pictures showing different things you might include in a time capsule to teach future generations about our lives today. First, talk to each other about how these items influence our lives now. Then, decide which item you would like to be stili using in the future. • •
How does each item influence your life? Which item would you like to be still using in the future? ... (Why?)
I
Part 4 (4 minutes) Discuss the following questions together. e •. Do you think it is a good idea to have a time capsule? Why?/Why not? • What might future generations be able to learn about us from the items found in the time capsule? • . 10 what other ways can we share the past with future generations? • . What Inventlon' from the twentieth/tWenty-flrst century stands out the most for you? Why?
Part 2
Part 3
Candidate A • working mother; career woman; single mother; housewife; child minder • hectic day; plastic washing basket; spend quality time with child; look of concentration; young toddler under arm; have one's hands full; demanding children require constant attention/supervision; multi-tasking • feels, guilty/sad; happy; harassed; stressed; content
Asking for opinion & suggesting • What about/How about ... (newspapers etc)? • What do you think about ... ? • I don't think that's a good idea because ... • Wouldn't ... be better? • Why would you choose ... ?
Candidate B • farrT}er; doctor; carpenter • sheer hard work; loading bales of hay; strained look on face; strength; racing against time; draw on extensive medical training; correctly diagnose; work long hours; physically/emotionally/mentally challenging; hold patients' lives in her hands • pressurised; tired/exhausted; proud; concemed; anxious; ; confident
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Agreeing • Yes, I (definitely) agree (because) • Absolutely! • That's not a bad suggestion. • You are absolutely right! • That's true, but ... Disagreeing • I'm not sure I agree with that because. • I don't think that would be a good idea because .. . • I'm sorry, but I don't agree with you there because .. . • I'm not certain about that. It might • that's, but ...
SPEAKING TEST 2 Part 1 1 (3 minutes) • • • • •
Where are you from? What are your interests and what leisure activities do you take part in? What kind of music do you enjoy listening to? If you had an opportunity to learn something new, what would you choose? ... (Why?) How might you use your English in the future?
Part
21 (4 minutes)
Candidate A:
• •
• •
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why people might do each of the extreme sports shown and how the people doing them might be feeling.
Why might people do each of the sports? How might the people be feeling?
Candidate B:
If you had to do one of these extreme sports, which would you prefer? (Why?)
Candidate B:
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why the elderly people in the pictures might be doing these activities and how important a part the activity might play in their lives.
Why might the elderly people in the pictures be doing these activities? How important a part might the activity play in their lives?
Candidate A:
Which of these activities appeals to you the most? ... (Why?)
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I AKIN
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Part 1 1 (3 mlnut••) • • • • •
Where are you from? What do you enjoy the most about learning another language? What do you like to do at weekends? Do you prefer to follow a routine or do you like to be spontaneous? What would your dream Job be? ... (Why?)
Part
21(4 minutes)
Candidate A:
• •
• •
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why the people might be choosing to get their food In this way, and how the atmosphere might be different in each situation.
Why might the people be choosing to get their food In this way? How might the atmosphere be different in each situation?
Candidate B:
Which of these people do you think are enjoying their activity the most?
Candidate B:
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why the people might be in each situation and how they might be feeling.
Why might the people be in each of the situations shown? How might the people be feeling?
Candidate A:
Which of these situations would you least like to be in? Why?
149
SPEAKING TEST 3 Part 3
I (4 minutes) pairwork
Here are some pictures showing a number of people in stressful situations. First, talk to each other about how stressful each situation is. Then, decide which situation would be the most stressful to be in . • •
How stressful is each situation? Which situation would be the most stressful to be in?
Part 4 I (4 minutes) Discuss the following questions together.
• • • • •
How do you cope with stress? What do you think people can do to avoid stress in their lives? Do you think our lifestyles today are more or less stressful than those of your grandparents? Why? Will there be more or less stress in our lives in the future? Why? Do we learn to cope with stress more successfully as we get older?
Useful Part 2
Part 3
Candidate A • supermarket; street market; allotment/garden • convenience; busy lifestyle/hectic schedules; onestop shop; financial incentives; loyalty cards; stressful ; farming co-operatives; fresh , locally grown prod ~ce; good exercise; organic vegetables; growing your own vegetables; stalls • personal satisfaction; relaxed; content;.calm; hectic; hustle and bustle
Evaluating • I believe the most stressful ... because. • For me, the most difficult situation would be . • I would never want to be . • If we assume ... then the obvious choice would be ... • Looking at the expression on her/his face .. . • His/her body language says ...
Candidate B • automobile/car; check-in queue at airport; hitchhiking • road map; lost their way; arguing; blaming one another; waiting in check-in queue; delayed ; bad · weather conditions; business people; car break . down; fall out with travel partner • anxioustworried; frustrated; annoyed; angry; confused; tired; hot; fed up; afraid
150
Selecting • It really depends on your situation, however • In terms of everyday situations ... • ... is obviously the most difficult, because. • There's no doubt that. Agreeing • I'm inclined to agree with you .. . • That is true, and furthermore .. . • I see what you mean but what about ... • Yes, and we mustn't forget.
SPEAKING TEST 2 Part 3 I (4 minutes) palrwork Imagine your school wants to organise a weekend trip. Here are some of the types 01 trips that have been sugges First, talk to each other about how suitable each option would be for the trip. Then, decide which kind of trip wc be the best option for the students' weekend away.
• •
How suitable would each option be for the school trip? Which kind of trip would be the best option for the students' weekend away? (Why?)
Part 4 I (4 minutes) . Discuss the following questions together. • • •
Do you believe school trips are beneficial to students? Why?Nlhy not? How does travelling abroad benefit people In general? Can you learn more from reading a book about a place, or going to that place and experiencing It first hand?
• •
What was your favourite school trip? Why? If you could travel to any place, where would you go? Why?
Useful Part 2
Part 3
Candidate A
Evaluating • What one person sees as fun , another sees as ... • True, but on the other hand ... • It must appeal to your interests/abilities ... • I suppose it depends what the aim of the trip is. If It's ... • The cost could be ott-putting ... • As for the possiblllity of spending the weekend ... , I think ...
• •
•
whlta..water rafting; diff Jumping; skydMnglparachuting excitement; challenge; be pushed to one's limits; brave; form of exercise; sense offreedom; dangerous; excitJng; exhilarating; enjoy nature; adrenalin rush; out of the ordinary; adventurous; requires skill; dMng in formation crash; lose control; break Ieg/arm/etc; concussIon; faU from great height; slip and faU; equIpment failure
Candidate B
• •
•
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golf; gardenIng; snooker/bllllards/pool physical activity; sOOa/ I~.; staying in shape; mentally alert; gentle form of exerdse; not afraid of hard work; lawn mower; not too strenuous; mental agllJty; hobby, companionship; being young at heart; looklng/feellng good/younger; longer life; quality of life central to theIr lives; become the focus of one's day; the one thing the person looks forward to ffNery day
Selecting
• • • • • •
So, do we both agree that ... would be the best option? It is hard to say ... they all have their benefits ... Selecting only one is difficult ... I think the best choice would be ... because ... It's hard to choose, but I think ... would be the best choice because ... There is no doubt that students would .. .
SPEAKING TEST 4 Part 1 1 (3 minutes) • • • • •
What do you enjoy most about learning English? How important is sport and exercise in your life? What do you do to relax? What kinds of holiday appeal to you most? ... (Why?) What do you like doing at weekends?
Part
21(4 minutes)
Candidate A:
• •
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why these people might have chosen to eat in this way, and how the atmosphere might be different in each situation.
Why might these people have chosen to eat in this way? How is the atmosphere different in each situation?
Candidate B:
Which of these three types of situations do you prefer eating in? Why?
Candidate B:
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say what you think each person is using the computer for and how it might benefit their life.
• •
VVhat do you think each person is using the computer for? How might it benefit their life?
,
Candidate A:
Which of the pictures best reflects what you most commonly use a computer for?
151
SPEAKING TEST 4 Part 31 (4 minutes) paJrwork Here are some pictures showing some facilities found In a city. First, talk about how each of these things make life more pleasant for city residents, Then, decide which would be the two most Important for residents In a big city to have close by. • •
How does each of these things make life more pleasant for city residents? Which would be the two most Important for residents in 8 big city to have close by?
Part 4 1 (4 minutes) Discuss the fonowlng questions together. • • • •
What do you enjoy doing In your free time? Where do you and your friends like to hang out? How do you get from one place to another in the city? In your opinion, what Is the most convenient aspect 01 living in the city? Why?
Part 2
Part 3
Candld.le A • eating at home; eating In the park; meal In a restaurant • on the run ; family time; eatlng on the go; treat for the children; special occasion; elegant; relaxed; rushed; celebration; convenient; Inexpensive; part of daily routine; relaxed; Informal/formal; sound of traffiC/ voices In background; customers chattlng/laughlng quietly; soothing ; calm; pressurised
Talking about benefits • One of the good things Is ... • The/A ... makes everyday life ... (easier etc) ... • People of all ages can enjoy .. . • It's important to have ... In cities so that ... • ... are great places for .. .
Candidate B • airport lounge; computer lab/school; home • on the go; use every moment productively; sending emall; communicate with family/colleagues; developing skills; 'COntacting clients; researching on the Intemet; organisation; playing games • overworked; catch up on work; under pressure; make life more hectic; enthusiastic; make learning fun; easier to find information; save time; preparation time
152
Agreeing • You are absolutely rightl I couldn't agree more ... • That is the most important thing, I would say • I can't imagine what you would do without it. • I agree it isn't essential to have .'" however ... • It just makes every day life so much easier to ... Disagreeing • I'm sorry, but I disagree. I couldn't do without ... • Are you sure about that? • But having said that, .. . • I would not choose ... because ... • The/A ... is not something I would say ...
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SPEAKING TEST 5 Part 1 1 (3 minutes) • • • • •
What do you do? Who has had the greatest influence on your life? ... (Why?) What makes a good friend? ... (Why?) How do you like to spend tIme with your friends? What kinds of books do you enjoy reading? ... (Why?)
Part
21(4 minutes)
Candidate A:
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why the people might be doing the activity shown and what skills/qualities these activities require.
• wtr; might the people be doing the _ shown? • What skills/qualities do these actIVltles~r~eq ;;;;UI~r.~?=:;;;""",F==::;::::::==
Candidate 8 :
Which of these people do you think are enjoying their activltlty the most?
Candidate B :
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say how the animals' lives might be affected by humans and what coold be done to ensure the well-being of the
animals in each situation.
• •
Havv might the animals' lives be affected by humans? What could be done to ensure the well-being of the animals?
Candidate A:
Which picture do you find most upsetting? Why?
153
SPEAKING TEST 5 Part 3 I (4 minutes) pairwork Here are some pictures showing different ways of protecting the environment. First, talk to each other about how the methods shown help protect the environment. Then, decide which pictures show the two methods that would make the biggest difference in protecting the environment of your local area. • •
How do the methods shown in these pictures help protect the environment? Which two methods would make the biggest difference in protecting the environment of your local area?
I
Part 4 (4 minutes) Discuss the following questions together. • • • •
What do you think is the greatest threat to the environment in the area/country in which you live? What are some of the things you or your family and friends have done in order to protect the environment? Would you be prepared to be inconvenienced somehow, for example by a longer journey to work, in order to protect the environment? Why?Nl/hy not? To what extent are you concerned about the future of our planet?
Useful
154
Part 2
Part 3
Candidate A • weightlifting; yoga; volleyball • participate in a competition; training; relieve stress; enjoy challenge of pushing body to limit; tournament; skills; solo; relaxation; spiritual well-being; exercise/ get fit; stay active • high levels of fitness and strength; determination; balance; concentration; calmness; suppleness of body; speed; team work; sheer power; focus your mind and body
Discussing, Evaluating • Unleaded petrol reduces emissions of/leads to less carbon monoxide ... • Cleaning up rubbish can really help ... • Bicycles and cycling lanes are a solution to .. ./if more people cycled, then ... • I think that ... (e.g. recycling) is something that everyone can get involved in. • Tree planting/Reforestation restores the natural balance by.
Candidate B • horse; panda; cows; show jumping; circus tricks; mass production • well looked after; sustain injuries; entertainment; trapped/caged; cramped milking shed; hit horse with riding crop; push horse to its physical limits; out of natural habitat • tighten laws; run spot-checks; obligatory to let animals out into a field; ban/bOycon
Selecting would be the most successful • I believe that because ... • It seems to me that we should choose ... because. • In my opinion, ... above all else since .. . • They all have their plus points ... however, for me ... • The popularity of ... must mean that ... so I think • OK, so we'll choose ... then.
SPEAKING TEST 6
I
Part 1 (3 minutes) • • • • •
Where do you live? What do you do here/there? Would you consider studying/living abroad? .. ryvhyfWhy not?) Which countries would you most like to visit? ... (Why?) Where do you usually spend your holidays?
Part
21 (4 minutes)
Candidate A:
• •
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say why each of these events might be taking place, and how the people might be feeling.
Why might these events be taking place? How might the people be feeling?
Candidate B:
Which of these events would you most like to attend? (Why?)
Candidate B:
Look at the pictures below. Compare two of the pictures, and say how much natural ability is required for each activity, and how the people might be feeling.
•
How much natural ability is required for each activity?
•
How might the people be feeling?
Candidate A:
Which of the people do you think are enjoying themselves the most?
155
SPEAKING TEST 6
I
Part 3 (4 minutes) palrwork Here are some pictures showing different aspects of banking. First. talk to each other about how each of th ~se modern banking methods have made life easier for the customer. Then, decide which picture best reflects the world of modern banking.
• •
How have each of the banking methods made life easier for the customer? Which picture best reflects the world of modern banking?
I
Part 4 (4 minutes) Discuss the following questions together. • • • •
What is your opinion of credit cards? Is it important to save and invest money? Why?fWhy not? Would you ever consider using phone/online banking? Why?f\Nhy not? What is your preferred method of payment; cash, cheque or debit/credit card?
Part 2
Part 3
Candidate A • parade; brass band; community event; commemoration; festival; charity event • special day in the community; day of fun for the whole family; tradition; take place on same day every year; in memory of an event (coronation of king/queen, mark special date in history); solemn occasion; dressed up; take place annually; raise money for charity • proud; tired; hot; relaxed; happy; informal atmosphere
Discussing, Evaluating • The appearance of cash machines/ATMs has meant that ... • One-to-one personal banking services have always been available, however .. . • Saving plans are something that ... • Handing over a credit card insteaq of pash is ... even though ... • Phone/Online banking is ... • More and more banks are giving customers the option to ... • It is really convenient to be able to ...
Candidate B • tennis match; balancing children on feet; playing acoustic guitar • teamWOf1<; observational skills; agility; aim; balance; born with a talent; energy; hours of pratice; play by heart; musical ear; read music; creative; oompose/ play songs; natural skilVability • invigorated; competitive; energetic; relaxed; content; enjoying time with children; proud
156
Selecting • I think that the instant availability of cash • Since we are talking about modern banking, then • If we are to assume that ... then the obvious choice is .. . because ... • Technology has certainly paved the way for .. . • We are becoming more and more dependent on ...
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