Causative

Otong Setiawan Djuharie

Causative

CAUSATIVE Pemahaman konsep causative sangat sangat sederhana sederhana;; dari segi pola kalimat, kalimat, hanya hanya terdapat dua jenis: causative aktif dan causative pasif; dan dari segi lazimnya pertanyaan, hanya terdapat tiga jenis: melengkapi pola causative, mempertanyakan arti kalimat berpola causative, dan mengomentari suatu konteks dengan ungkapan causative.

Causative adalah suatu pola kalimat yang menyatakan bahwa seseorang/subyek menyebabkan orang lain melakukan sesuatu atau menyebabkan sesuatu dikerjakan untuknya oleh orang lain—dengan menggunakan kata tertentu: have/make/let/get. * Active causative have Subject + make let ↓ ↓ menyuru h Subject meminta ↑ ↑ get Subject + ask

+ object

↓ objec

↑ + object

+ Verb 1

↓ me …

↑ + to + verb 1

* Passive causative

Subject + have + mak e let get ↓ ↓ Subject menyuru h meminta

+ Verb 3

↓ object

↓ di …

Contoh: - Mary had John wash the car. = Mary got John to wash the car. Senior High School

- Mary got her car washed. (Mary menyuruh mobilnya dicuci) 1


(Mary menyuruh John mencuci mobil = John-lah yang mencuci mobil) - The robber made the teller give the money. = The robber asked the teller to give the money. (Pencuri memaksa teller memberikan uang)

Causative

Setiawan has his shirts cleaned at the drycleaner. (Setiawan menyuruh bajunya dicuci di drycleaner)

Note: Bila causative memakai ‘have’, ‘have’ disini berfungsi sebagai kata kerja penuh, oleh karenanya bentuk negative dan atau interrogative-nya menggunakan do/does/did . Contoh: - You have the flowers delivered. (+) - Do you have the flowers delivered? (?) - You don’t have the flowers delivered. (-) Contoh soal: Bentuk Kata kerja/’verb form’ • Active # Have 1. ‘Can you send this letter for me? I’m in a hurry.’ ‘Don’t worry. I will have Tina _____ it for you.’ (A) fax (C) will fax (E) to fax (B) faxed (D) faxes

2. The teacher had students who didn’t bring their identification cards ____ the auditorium where the exams were held. (A) left (C) to leave (E) leaves (B) leave (D) leaving 3. My little brother had scattered all his toys on my bed, so I had him ____ the bed before night fell. (A) clear (B) to clear (C) cleared (D) be clearing (E) to be cleared 4. ‘I fixed the light in the bathroom yesterday, but it went out again today.’ ‘Why don’t you have an electrician ____ it.’ (A) checking (B) checked (C) to checked (D) check (E) checks 5. ‘I’ve tried to fixed my motorbike, but it is still not running well.’ Senior High School

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Causative

Why don’t you have a mechanic ____ it?’ (A) check (B) checking (C) to check (D) in checking (E) checked 6. ‘I’m having trouble with my computer again, I’ve done everything I can but it doesn’t work properly.’ ‘Why don’t you have Darno ____ it?’ A. to fix B. fixing C. he fixed D. fix E. fixed 7. A. B. C. D. E.

The schoolmaster had the students ____ their lessons before the exam. to review reviewing review reviewed they reviewed

8. Since her handwriting is very bad, we will have her ____ her composition. A. types B. typed C. typing D. type E. to type 9. “Aren’t you going to make hotel reservation?” “No, I’ll have the travel agent _____.” A. to do it C. doing it E. he does it B. in doing it D. do it 10. I will have my secretary ____ an appointment with Mr. Setiawan for next wee. A. makes C. make E. making B. made D. to make # Get 11. As I found out that not all of the workshop participants knew about today’s schedule, I got my secretary ___ it right away. (A) distributing (B) distributed (C) she distributes (D) to distribute (E) in distributing

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Causative

12. As I found out that not all of the workshop participants knew about this week's schedule, I got my secretary ___ it right away. (A) distributing (D) to distribute (B) distributed (E) in distributing (C) she distributes # Make 13. The fact that he was put into prison for something he had not done made his wife ___. (A) cry (B) to be crying (C) cried (D) to cry (E) crying 14. The fact that he was put into prison for something he had not done made his wife ___. A. cry B. to be crying C. cried D. to cry E. crying

• Passive # Have 15. Indra: Your dress looks nice. Did you make it yourself? Tutut: No, of course, I have it ____. (A) make (B) made (C) making (D) is made (E) be making 16. ‘When do you want to have the flowers _____ to your house?’ A. to deliver C. delivering E. deliver B. be delivering D. delivered

17. My watch is too slow. Can I have it ____ here? A. fixed C. fixes E. to be fixed B. fixing D. to fix Makna pola dari pola ‘Causative’ • Active # Have 18. ‘Anti’s wedding dress is really beautiful!’

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Causative

‘I heard that she had her sister design it.’ This implies that Anti’s sister ___. (A) is going to get married (B) has a beautiful wedding dress (C) is a very good designer (D) has a beautiful sister (E) is having the wedding dress designed 19. “I have difficulties in filling in these tax forms." "Well, you ___." (A) can do it all by yourself (B) have done it with somebody's help (C) can do it for one of my assistants (D) have to do it without difficulties (E) can have one of my assistants do it 20. This project is a huge construction project which needs the use of high technology; it is therefore most likely that the government will have an established foreign company do the job. From the above sentence we many conclude that ___ (A) the government seems to be incapable of doing the job (B) the construction project should be completed within a short lime (C) there are not enough technicians to be involved in the project (D) the government may not have the necessary financial resources (E) the project is performed based on a 40 - 60 share 21. Dodi: Did many people migrate to Kalimantan themselves? Rina: No, the government had them migrate. The underlined sentence means …. (A) the government migrated there for them (B) the government told them not to migrate (C) the government migrated to Kalimantan (D) the government didn’t ask them to migrate (E) the government asked them to migrate there 22. We have our neighbor check our house whenever we go on vacation. This means that: every time we go on vacation, _____. A. We first check the house with our neighbor B. We don’t let our neighbor check our house C. Our neighbor comes to check our house D. We have checked our neighbor’s house E. We ask someone to check our neighbor’s house 23. Ratu had her father contact his lawyer.’ This means that ______. A. Ratu and her father are contacting his lawyer B. Ratu asked her father to contact his lawyer

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Causative

C. The lawyer contacted Ratu’s father D. Ratu’s father was contacted by the lawyer E. Ratu is contacting her father’s lawyer 24. If I do not come to class today, the teacher will have me write the poem

ten times. The underlined words mean: _______ . A. the teacher has written the poem ten times B. the teacher will write the poem for me ten times C. I will have to write the poem ten times D. I have written the poem ten times E. I will ask the teacher to write the poem ten times 25. ‘Mother has an interior decorator design the living-room’ means that ‘_____.’ A. mother has to design the living-room B. the living-room has already been designed by an interior decorator C. mother has asked an interior decorator to design the living-room D. the interior decorator asked mother whether he could design the livingroom E. mother has designed the living-room as the interior decorator requested

26. ‘Mr. Prabu had his secretary get tickets for the football game,’ means _____ . A. Mr. Prabu was asked by his secretary to get tickets B. The secretary had to get tickets for Mr. Prabu C. Mr. Prabu went with his secretary to get tickets D. The secretary had got tickets for Mr. Prabu E. Mr. Prabu got tickets for his secretary

• Passive # Have 27. Willy: This cake is very delicious. Did you make it yourself? Betty: Since I was busy, I had it made. From the underlined sentence we know that Betty ____ the cake. (A) made (B) has made (C) had made (D) asked Willy to make (E) ordered someone to make 28. ‘Oh dear, this plant is too big. It cannot fit into my car.’ ‘Don’t worry, I will have it delivered to your home.’ From the above conversation we conclude that ____. (A) the buyer hesitates to buy the plant

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(B) (C) (D) (E)

Causative

there is no car to deliver the plant as the car is too small, the plant is damaged the buyer cancels the purchase the plan has been cut short 29. ‘What’s wrong with the computer, Widi? Can’t you do anything about it?’ ‘There appears to be an error in the computer program. I will have the matter dealt with immediately.’ This means that Widi ____. A. is going to fix it immediately B. asked his boss to deal with it C. is going to deal with the computer D. will ask someone to fix it for him E. has dealt with such a problem before

30. ‘After I finished my article, I had it edited.’ This means that _____. (A) I had edited my article (B) My article would be edited (C) Somebody edited my article (D) I was asked to edit my article (E) I had to edit my article myself 31. Tina: Do you have time to cut the grass in the yard? Andi: Sorry. I am very busy. I will have it cut soon. The underlined sentence means that ____. A. Tina herself will cut the grass B. Andi himself will cut the grass C. Tina will cut the grass for Andi D. Andi will ask someone to cut the grass E. Tina will ask Andi to cut the grass 32. ‘Being ill, mother had her breakfast brought to her room.’ This means: As my mother was ill, ____ her breakfast to her room. A. she had brought D. she wanted to bring B. She was asked to bring E. She had to bring C. she asked someone to bring 33. ‘Now that she has grown up, my niece has her old dresses lengthened.’ This means that _____. A. my niece has lengthened her old dresses B. my niece asked someone to lengthen her old dresses C. my niece has to lengthen her old dresses D. my niece has been told to lengthen her old dresses E. my niece has been asked by someone to lengthen her old dresses

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34. A. B. C. D. E.

My mother has all her dresses made because _____. She cannot sew at all she likes sewing She is a dress maker she cannot afford to pay a dressmaker She does not have a good dressmaker

35. A. B. C. D. E.

‘I have the table cleared’ means ‘____ the table.’ I have to clear I ask somebody to clear Somebody wants to clear I have cleared the table Somebody wants me to clear

Causative

36. ‘I’ll have all these books arranged on the shelves tomorrow’ means ‘I’ll ____ on the shelves tomorrow.’ A. arrange all these books B. have arranged all these books C. have to arrange all these books D. ask someone to arrange all these books E. be arranging all these books 37. ‘I had my watched repaired’ means ‘_____.’ A. I repaired my watch B. I had someone repair my watch C. I had repaired my watch D. I had to repair my watch E. My watch had to be repaired

38.

# Get Ani : What a nice dress! Did you make it yourself? Ati : Oh, I got it made . The underlined sentence means …. (A) Ati bought the dress (B) Ati made the dress herself (C) Ati had to make her dress (D) Someone made Ati’s dress (E) Ati wanted to make Ani to make the dress Causative Use Based on Context 39. “The manager needs the financial data for tomorrow’s meeting.” ‘All right,______ immediately.’ (A) I’ll have processed them (B) I want to process them (C) I’ll have them processed (D) I have already processed them

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Causative

(E) I’ll have processed them 40. ‘How can the faculty accommodate the increasing the increasing number of incoming students with such limited classes?’ ‘Well, I think the faculty will _________.’ (A) has expanded its premises (B) to have its premises expanded (C) has to expand its premises (D) have to have its premises expanded (E) have had to expand its premises 41. “As I was sent out of town to work on construction project, I could not help my fiancée with our wedding preparations.” “But you should _____.” (A) ask her to help (B) have helped her (C) ask us to help her (D) have somebody help her (E) have her to help somebody 42. ‘What’s that noise upstairs?’ ‘The school _____.’ (A) has to renovate its second-floor classroom (B) has already renovated its second-floor classrooms (C) is having its second-floor classrooms renovated (D) will have to renovate its second-floor classrooms (E) has had to renovate its second-floor classrooms 43. ‘How can you determine students’ ability in writing?’ ‘For a start, _____ a five-hundred-word essay.’ (A) the students write (B) the students are writing (C) have the students to write (D) the students have written (E) have the students write 44. ‘Even though he has seen a doctor, 1 can see that his condition is not improving.’ ‘___ a specialist then!’ (A) Does he have (D) He has seen (B) Isn't he seeing (E) He too has seen (C) Have him see 45. ‘What are the workmen doing in your garden?’ ‘Oh, I ___.’ (A) am having a gazebo built

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Causative

(B) am building a gazebo (C) have built a gazebo (D) have to build a gazebo (E) have been building a gazebo 46. "I know that you have left these computers idle for some time because they are slow.” “Please, ___ at once to make them efficient for our work." (A) having to be upgraded (D) have them upgrade (B) have them upgraded (E) to have them upgraded (C) they have been upgraded 47. Niluh: I saw Sofyan come by bus this morning. Where is his car? Andi: His car is out of order so he asked the mechanic to repair it. From the dialog we conclude that ____. (A) Sofyan had repaired his car (B) Sofyan had his car repaired (C) the mechanic asked to repair the car (D) the mechanic asked Sofyan to repair the car (E) the mechanic and Sofyan repaired the car 48. As I was talking to a client when my phone rang, I had ____. (A) to answer the call (B) answering the call (C) asked to answer the call (D) answered the call (E) my secretary answer the call 49. ‘I need this book on biology, but I can’t afford to buy it.’ ‘What you can do is _______. (A) having photocopied the units you need (B) you want to photocopy the units yu need (C) to have the units you need photocopied (D) you have photocopied the units you need (E) have you photocopy the units you need. 50. ‘How can you determine students’ ability in writing?’ ‘____ a 1.500-word essay!’ (A) The students write (B) Have the students write (C) The students are writing (D) Have the students to write (E) The students have written 51. ‘There are students who want to take the new course.’ ‘____ before Friday, please.’

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Causative

(A) To register (D) Have them register (B) Registration is (E) Have to register (C) Having registered 52. “We need to replace the glass in the picture.” “We can go to the shop and ___ now.” (A) it’s being done (D) it’s done (B) have it done (E) do it (C) have done it 53. Ria: We’ll have to steam rice for diner. Yanto: Why? What’s happened with the rice cooker? Ria: It is broken. Yanto: ___ then A. We’ll get it repaired B. We’ll have repaired it C. We’ll get someone repair it D. We’ll have someone repaired it E. We’ll have it to repair. 54. Any

: The dress really fits you.

Did you make it by yourself? Dita: No, I ___. A. have made it B. had made it C. had it made

D. have to make it E. had to make it

55. ‘I spilled some ink on my coat.’ ‘You must _____ at the laundry immediately.’ (A) clean it (B) have clean it (C) have to clean it (D) have to be clean it (E) have it cleaned 56. ‘I don’t think you can translate the whole book by yourself.’ ‘You’re right I’d like to ___ a part of it for me.’ A. have you translate D. you have to translate B. you have translated E. have been translating C. have translated for you 57. ‘Now that my daughter is getting married, I’m getting planning the wedding party.’ ‘_____‘ A. you should get a professional do it

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nervous

about

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B. C. D. E.

Causative

you will be asked by a professional to do it you should have done it yourself you will have to do it immediately you should be asked to do it

58. It is impossible for us to translate the whole book within 2 weeks. So we ___ A. have to translate it all by ourselves B. have some assistants help us C. have translated the whole book D. have been asked to translate it E. have given all the translation to the assistants 59. ‘The curtain of my room need washing.’ ‘Well, go to the laundry and ____.’ (A) wash them (B) they are washed (C) it should wash them (D) have them washed (E) make them wash 60. Mrs. Hilman: I like your garden. It is well maintained. Do you still have time to tidy it? Mrs Anton: Of course not. ____ twice a week. A. I always tidy it myself B. I have tidied it C. I have to tidy it D. I have it tidied E. I ask somebody to tidy it 61. ‘Why are you taking the car to the garage?’ ‘ _____.’ A A. I will check the brakes myself B B. The brakes will be checked C. I will have checked the brakes D. I will have the brakes checked E. The brakes will have been checked 62. Rudi broke his leg in the accident; therefore, ____ drive him to his work. (A) he doesn’t have to ask Amir to (B) he won’t have to get anybody (C) Amir has asked Rudi (D) Amir doesn’t have to (E) he will have Amir 63. ‘This cake is delicious; is it home made?’

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Causative

‘You know it isn’t; _____.’ (A) I baked it myself (B) Lucy asked me to bake it (C) It was I who baked it (D) I had Lucy bake it (E) I had to bake it 64. Mr. Bill: Have you sent all the spare parts? Marketing Manager: Yes, sir. I … last Monday. The distributor did it. A. send them B. had them sent C. will send them D. have sent them E. will get them sent 65. ‘This English text on Biology is too difficult to read.’ ‘Well, You’d better _____.’ (A) translate it (B) have it translated (C) have to translate it (D) have translate it (E) to translate 66. ‘I can’t read this letter. I don’t understand French at all.’ ‘I don’t either, but let’s ____.’ A. translate it B. have it translated C. to translate it D. have translated it E. have to translate 67. ‘Do I have to go to the post office to get my package?’ ‘No. You can _____.’ A. have delivered it B. deliver it C. have it to be delivered D. have to deliver it E. have it delivered 68. A. B. C. D. E.

I don’t have much time to do all my household work, so I always _____. help somebody have helped somebody have to help somebody have somebody help me to have me help somebody

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Causative

69. We are going on a long trip, so we must ______. A. have checked the car D. have the car checked B. have had the car checked E. had the car checked C. to have the car checked 70. Ratu has beautiful plants in her garden, but they all seem to be dying. I am sure that she ____. A. seldom has them watered B. has been watering them C. has asked somebody to water them D. has always watered them E. never has to water them 71. ‘Is your car new?’ ‘No, I _____ at my brother’s garage.’ A. had only painted it D. only had painted B. only had it painted E. had been asked to paint it C. had to paint it only 72. “What a lovely gown you’re wearing! Did you make it yourself?’ ‘No, I _____.’ A. to be made D. had made it B. had it made E. having made it C. had to made it 73. ‘Did you plan the program for our high school reunion yourself?’ ‘No, ______.’ A. Seanu had me do it D. I had Seanu to do it B. I had Seanu do it E. I had Seanu doing it C. I had to do it for Seanu 74. A. B. C.

I don’t know how to arrange these flowers; I’d rather _______. do it D. it has been done have to do it E. have done it have it done

75. A. B. C.

The curtain are dirty; we ____ at the laundry. must have washed them D. are washing them have washed them E. washing them must have them washed

76. Mr. Setiawan asked his son to drive him to his office. We can also say ‘_____ to his office.’ A. Mr. Setiawan drove his son B. Mr. Setiawan had his son drive him C. Mr. Setiawan has to drive his son

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Causative

D. Mr. Setiawan’s son had driven him E. Mr. Setiawan had to drive his son 77. Tom felt that his eyesight was getting worse; therefore, he _____. A. had examined his eyes D. examined his eyes B. was examining his eyes E. had his eyes examined C. had been examining his eyes 78. As my mother was not strong enough to clear the old trunks from the shed, she ____. A. had the gardener do the job B. had been doing the gardener’s job C. had to do the job of the gardener D. had done the job by the gardener E. had the gardener doing the job 79. ‘We asked Prabu, who is an architect, to renovate our house in Balinese style.’ In other words: ‘ ____ our house in Balinese style.’ A. we had to renovate B. we had renovated C. we had finished renovate D. we had Prabu renovated E. we had Prabu renovate 80. ‘Tono is a lazy boy.’ ‘Yes, he always wants ____ for him.’ A. everything has done B. everything having been done C. having done everything D. to have everything done E. to have done everything 81. ‘Do you make your own dresses?’ ‘Yes, but sometimes I _____.’ A. have to make them D. have made for them B. have made them E. make them C. have them made -o0o-

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Causative

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