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ON THE TOPIC:- FOAMING CAPACITY OF SOAP TO STUDY THE CLEANING ACTION OF THE SOAPS AND TO ARRANGE THEM IN DECREASING ORDER OF CLEANING EFFECT. PLS MAKE THE NECESSARY CHANGES AND REMEMBER T…Full description
This is a chemistry class 12th project.Full description
preparation of rayon threads from filter paper.
Sterilization of water by using bleaching powder. A Chemistry investigatory project for class 12.Full description
chemistry project on presence of glucose in different biscuits class 12
chemistry project on presence of glucose in different biscuits class 12Full description
Mind maps or Concept Maps are acknowledged as scientific & effective learning tool worldwide. They give a snapshot of each chapter, presented in a flow chart that highlights the important co…Full description
Mind maps or Concept Maps are acknowledged as scientific & effective learning tool worldwide. They give a snapshot of each chapter, presented in a flow chart that highlights the important co…Full description
Chemistry Project Class 12
metal coupling on rusting of ironFull description
Mind maps or Concept Maps are acknowledged as scientific & effective learning tool worldwide. They give a snapshot of each chapter, presented in a flow chart that highlights the important concepts ...
Mind maps or Concept Maps are acknowledged as scientific & effective learning tool worldwide. They give a snapshot of each chapter, presented in a flow chart that highlights the important concepts ...
Mind maps or Concept Maps are acknowledged as scientific & effective learning tool worldwide. They give a snapshot of each chapter, presented in a flow chart that highlights the important co…Full description
Full description
Descrição: Aim- To study the quantity of Casein present in different samples of milk.
Aim- To study the quantity of Casein present in different samples of milk.
Chemistry Project For class 12 cbse on Food Adulteration.
CBSE CLASS 12 CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT AISSCE 2018 , SESSION 2017-18 TOPIC: VARIATION OF CELL POTENTIAL WITH ELECTROLYTIC CONCENTRATION. SRINATH S. BHAUMIKFull description
Aim- To study the quantity of Casein present in different samples of milk.Full description
THE FORCE DUE TO THE GRAVITATIONAL ATTRACTION OF THE EARTH ACTS ON THE BOTTLE IN THE DOWNWARD DIRECTIONFull description
For class 12 CBSE studentsFull description
CHEMISTRY BOARD PROJECT PREPARATION OF PIGMENTS PRESENT IN POSTER COLOURS
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL MATHURA ROAD AKSHAT GUPTA | XII-E | 22/11/16 BOARD ROLL NO:-
INDEX S.NO.
TOPICS
1.
CERTIFICATE
2.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3.
AIM
4.
MATERIAL REQUIRED
5.
ABOUT PAINTS
6.
8.
DESCRIPTION ABOUT DIFFERENT PIGMENTS PREPARATION OF xCHROME YELLOW PREPARATION OF PRUSSIAN BLUE
9.
PREPARATION OF BARIUM WHITE
10.
PREPARATION OF MALACHITE BLUE
11.
OBSERVATION AND RESULT
12.
PRECAUTIONS
7.
CERTIFICATE This is to certify that AKSHAT GUPTA of class XII-E has successfully completed his project on the preparation of pigment present in poster colours under my guidance with which he has also completed the Compulsory project as per the CBSE Curriculum of class XII
Signature of Teacher (Ms. Yusra Faridi)
Signature of Lab Incharge
ACKNOWLEDGEMEN T I express my sincere thanks to my Chemistry teacher Ms. Yusra Faridi with whose encouragement this project has taken shape. HE gave me appropriate advice and guidance which helped in making of this project. I would like to thank our school’s lab teacher for his cooperation, timely support and help throughout in the making of this project on “The preparation of pigments present in poster colours.”
AIM To prepare the pigments present in the poster colours in laboratory by using various chemicals and reagents
MATERIAL REQUIRED APPARATUS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
100ml Beaker Measuring Flask Funnel Filter Paper Glass Rod Dropper
CHEMICAL USED 1. Blue Vitrol (CuSO4.5H2O) 2. Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) 3. Sodium Sulphate (Na2SO4) 4. Barium Chloride (BaCl2) 5. Potassium Chromate (K2CrO4) 6. Lead Nitrate (Pb(No3)2) 7. Ferric Chloride (FeCl3) 8. Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(II) (K4(Fe(CN)6))
ABOUT PIGMENTS
A Pigment is a finally divided material which contributes to optical and other properties of paints. Pigments may be classified according to their composition or source which they are obtained from. However, the most common and useful classification is that coloured pigments can be made using simple chemical reaction and techniques. Pigments are used for coloring paint ink, plastic, fabric, cosmetics, food and other materials. Most pigments used in manufacturing and the visual arts are dry colorants, usually ground into a fine powder. This powder is added to a binder, a relatively neutral or colorless material that suspends the pigment and gives the paint its adhesion. Pigments appear the colors they are because they selectively reflect and absorb certain wavelengths of visible light. White light is a roughly equal mixture of entire spectrum of visible light with a wavelength in a range from about 375 to 400 nm to about 760 or 780 nm. When this light encounters a pigment, parts of the spectrum are absorbed by the chemical bonds of conjugated systems and other components of the pigments.
ABOUT POSTER COLOURS For making poster paints the pigments made by various chemical reactions are thoroughly mixed with the medium. Sometimes the paint hardens but the addition of lukewarm water to it so it can soften up.
CHROME YELLOW Chrome yellow is a Lead(II) Chromate. It occurs naturally as the mineral crocoite but the mineral itself was never used as a pigment in paintings. In 1797 Lead Chromate has been synthesized in the laboratory and its use as a pigment started in the second decade of the nineteenth century. Because the pigment tends to oxidize and darken on exposure to air over time and it contains lead, a toxic, heavy metal, it was originally replaced by another pigment, Cadmium Yellow.
PRUSSIAN BLUE Prussian blue is a dark blue pigment. Another name for the colour is Berlin Blue. Prussian Blue was the first modern synthetic pigment. It is employed as a very fine colloidal dispersion, as the compound itself is not soluble in water. It is famously complex, owing to the presence of variable amounts of other ions and the sensitive dependence of its appearance on the size of the
colloidal particles formed when it is made. The pigments is used in paints and it is the traditional BLUE in blueprints.
BARIUM WHITE The majority of synthetic barium sulphate is used a component of white pigments for paints. In oil paint, barium sulphate is almost transparent, and is used as a filter or to modify consistency. One major manufacturer of artist’s oil paint sells “Permanent White” that contains a mixture of titanium white pigment and barium sulphate. The combination of barium sulphate and zinc sulphide is the inorganic pigment called lithopone. In photography it is used as a coating for certain photographic papers.
MALACHITE GREEN It’s a mineral basic copper carbonate, moderately permanent pigment of varying colour. Malachite is perhaps the oldest known green pigment. It is sensitive to acids and to heat. Occurs in Egyptian tomb paintings, in European paintings it seems to have been of importance mainly in the 15th and 16th centuries.
PIGMENTS MADE IN LAB
PERFORMING THE EXPERIMENT
PREPARATION OF CHROME YELLOW Chemically knows as LEAD CHROMATE. 1. Dissolve 7gm of Potassium Chromate in 50ml water and 10gm Lead Nitrate in 100ml in 2 separate beakers.
2. Pour the Potassium Chromate solution in the Lead Nitrate and stir continuously. 3. Lead Chromate separates as precipitate and is the required pigment. 4. Filter the precipitate and dry the pigment.
Chemically known as COMPLEX FERRO CYANIDE. 1. Make a solution of 5 gm of Hydrated Iron(III) Chloride in 50ml of water. 2. Make a solution of 10 gm of Potassium Ferro Cyanide in 75 ml of water. 3. Add Iron Chloride solution into Potassium Ferro Cyanide solution while stirring briskly. 4. A dark blue colour very fine powdered type substance precipitates. 5. Filter the precipitate and wash it with water.It takes along time to filter this substance.
PREPARATION OF BARIUM WHITE Chemically known as Barium Sulphate. 1. Mix 5ml of Sodium Sulphate and 5ml of Barium Chloride solution in a beaker. 2. Stir and then rest the mixture for 10 minutes. 3. Filter the white precipitate obtained.
Equation involved:BaCl2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaCl
PREPARATION OF MALACHITE GREEN Chemically known as Aniline Green. 1. Mix 5ml of Blue Vitrol with 3g of Sodium Bicarbonate. 2. Stir and rest the mixture for 10 minutes 3. Filter the precipitate.
OBSERVATION For each chemical reaction specific colour precipitate was obtained this forms the pigment that are used in different colours of paints.
RESULT We have prepared pigments of paint such as Chrome yellow, Prussian blue, Barium white and Malachite green.
PRECAUTIONS The beaker and the funnel should be washed before. The amount of reactant to be taken should be measured carefully. Fresh chemicals should be used. The funnel must not touch the solution in the beaker. During the process of setting, the apparatus must not be disturbed. The chemicals must be handed carefully.
BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.jcsparks.com/painted/pig ment https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/prussia nblue https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/malach itegreen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/barium white
