CIRCUITOS RLC - PASA ALTAS - PASA BAJAS UNIVERSIDAD DE LA SALLE FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA ELECTRÓNICA BÁSICA - LABORATORIO BOGOTÁ 2004 INTRODUCCIÓN Este i!"#$e i%it& &' 'e(t"# & (""(e# )e *& $&e#& ("(is& e' est*)i" )e' (i#(*it" !"#$&)" Resiste(i&s+ B",i&s+ ("$" t&$,i (")es&)"#es. est"s ("$" *& /")e#"s& e##&$iet&+ e e' *s" e'e(t#1i(" B#e%e$ete (""(e#e$"s 3*e /&s"s se*i$"s est#i(t&$ete e '& /#5(ti(& )es)e 3*e se et#1 e '& s&'& )e' '&,"#&t"#i"+ &st& e' $"$et" e e' 3*e se !i&'i6" '& /#5(ti(& De *& $&e#& se(*e(i&' %e#e$"s /&s" & /&s" ("$" $&i/*'&$"s '"s te!&(t"s+ (" &7*)& )e i'*st#&(i"es As8 se /")#5 ete)e# )e *& $&e#& ("(is&+ &' tee# *& i'*st#&(i1 )e (&)& ("s& 3*e &("te(e /& t#&t )e #e$e)i '& &*se(i& )e $&s& &' )et&'' /"# $e)i" )e '& )es(#i/(i1 e '& #e)&((i1 )e este t#&,&9" P"# *'ti$" 3*e)& *est#& e:/e(t&ti%& &(i& e' 'e(t"# )e 3*e &' $e)i&te '& 'e(t*#&+ #e(i,& (" &#&)" '" 3*e e$"s /'&s$&)" e este i!"#$e )e '&,"#&t"#i". ("$" '& ("$/#esi1 se& "/"#t*& e (&)& '8e& 3*e (*i)&)"s&$ete e$"s #e)&(t&)" OBJETIVOS ; I)eti!i( 7 $&e9 )i!e#etes ist#*$et"s )e $e)i(i1 ; Re(""(e#+ i)eti!i( '"s e##"#es e * t#&,&9" ; P#eset &)e(*&)&$ete e' i!"#$e )e * t#&,&9" e:/e#i$et&' ; A&'i6 '"s #es*'t&)"s e:/e#i$et&'es ; C""(e# '&s )i%e#s&s t(i(&s i$/'e$et&)&s e e' '&,"#&t"#i" ; F"#$ *& (&/&(i)&) )e &5'isis (#iti(&+ /& ite#/#et )e *& $&e#& "/ti$& '"s #es*'t&)"s ",tei)"s+ )e *& !"#$& '1i(& ("$" &&'8ti(& ; Dete#$i '&s (&(te#8sti(&s )e * (i#(*it" RL 7 RC 7 e("t# s*s )i!e#e(i&s 7 s* ("$/"#t&$iet" ; E("t# '& #e'&(i1 )e '& !#e(*e(i&+ )e' (")es&)"# 7 '& ,",i&+ '& (*5' )ete#$i& (*&)" se ("$/"#t& ("$" * ("#t" ; C"$/#", 3*e e' 5*'" et#e '& se<&' )e et#&)& 7 '& se<&' )e s&'i)& es i*&' & 4= #&)"s+ %i&)" '& es(&'& e e' "s(i'"s("/i" >ARCO TEÓRICO C*&'3*ie# ("$,i&(i1 )e e'e$et"s /&si%"s ?R+ L 7 C@ )ise<&)"s /& )e9 /&s *& se#ie )e !#e(*e(i&s se )e"$i&'&*i!"#$&(i1 !i't#" E '"s)ese&)& siste$&s7 e'i$i )e ("$*i(&(i"es se e$/'e& /& )e9 !#e(*e(i&s ("te& '&s #est&tes L"s !i't#"s!i't#"s s" *s&)"s /&/&s )e9 s"'" /&s'&ss"'&$ete '&s3*e !#e(*e(i&s 3*e /*)ie#& #es*'t se# )e &'*& *ti'i)&) 7 e'i$i (*&'3*ie# ti/" )e ite#!e#e(i& " #*i)" &9e" & e''&s E:iste )"s ti/"s )e !i't#"s Fi't#"s P&si%"s s" &3*e''"s ti/"s )e !i't#"s !"#$&)"s /"# ("$,i&(i"es se#ie " /&'e'" )e e'e$et"s R+ L " C
L"s !i't#"s &(ti%"s s" &3*e''"s 3*e e$/'e& )is/"siti%"s &(ti%"s+ /"# e9e$/'" '"s t#&sist"#es " '"s &$/'i!i(&)"#es "/e#&(i"&'es+ 9*t" (" e'e$et"s R L C E ee#&' se tiee '"s !i't#"s )e '"s si*ietes ti/"s P&s& &'t&s P&s& ,&9&s P&s& ,&)&s P& (&)& *" )e est"s !i't#"s e:iste )"s 6"&s /#i(i/&'es '&s (*&'es s" ''&$&)&s B&)& )e /&s" 7 '& ,&)& )e &te*&(i1 E '& ,&)& )e /&s"+ es )")e '&s !#e(*e(i&s /&s& (" * $5:i$" )e s* %&'"#+ " &st& * %&'"# )e 0 (" #es/e(t" & s* "#ii&' ?'& (*&' es '& &te*&(i1 )e 0 )B@ C*&)" se ("e(t& * (i#(*it" RLC ?#esiste(i&+ ,",i& 7 (")es&)"#@ e /&'e'"+ &'i$et&)" /"# *& se<&' &'te#& ?!*ete )e tesi1 &'te#&@+ &7 * e!e(t" )e st& e (&)& *" )e '"s ("$/"etes E e' (")es&)"# " (&/&(it"# &/e(e#5 *& #e&(t&(i& (&/&(iti%&+ 7 e '& ,",i& " i)*(t"# *& #e&(t&(i& i)*(ti%&+ )&)&s /"# '&s si*ietes !1#$*'&s D")e
Ci#(*it" RLC /&'e'" /"# *& !*ete AC 4=H ! !#e(*e(i& e e#t6 L V&'"# )e '& ,",i& " e e#i"s C V&'"# )e' (")es&)"# e !&)i"s CIRCUITO RLC PARALELO POR UNA FUENTE AC C"$" se /*e)e %e# '"s %&'"#es )e est&s #e&(t&(i&s )e/e)e )e '& !#e(*e(i& )e '& !*ete A $&7"# !#e(*e(i& es $&7"#+ /e#" es $e"# 7 %i(e%e#s& &7 *& !#e(*e(i& /& '& (*&' e' %&'"# )e '& 7 s" i*&'es Est& !#e(*e(i& se ''&$& F#e(*e(i& )e #es"&(i& 7 se ",tiee )e '& si*iete !1#$*'& E #es"&(i& ("$" '"s %&'"#es )e 7 s" i*&'es+ se (&(e'& 7 e * (i#(*it" RLC e /&'e'" '& i$/e)&(i& 3*e %e '& !*ete es e' %&'"# )e '& #esiste(i& A !#e(*e(i&s $e"#es & '& )e #es"&(i&+ e' %&'"# )e '& #e&(t&(i& (&/&(iti%& es &'t& 7 '& i)*(ti%& es ,&9& A !#e(*e(i&s s*/e#i"#es & '& )e #es"&(i&+ e' %&'"# )e '& #e&(t&(i& i)*(ti%& es &'t& 7 '& (&/&(iti%& ,&9& C"$" t")"s '"s e'e$et"s )e *& ("e:i1 e /&'e'" tiee e' $is$" %"'t&9e+ se /*e)e e("t# '& ("##iete e (&)& e'e$et" (" &7*)& )e '& Le7 )e O$ As8 L& ("##iete e '& #esiste(i& est5 e !&seest5 ("&)e'&t&)& '& tesi1+ e '& ("##iete e '& ,",i& est& &t#&s&)& H0 (" #es/e(t" &' %"'t&9e 7 '& ("##iete e e' (")es&)"# H0 >ATERIALES >*'t8$et#"
P#"t",") C&,'es )e DC C&,'e )e P")e# F*ete )( F*ete &( C&,'e /& &( B",i& C")es&)"#es Resiste(i&s F*etes %i&,'es )e %"'t&9e Os(i'"s("/i" PROCEDI>IENTO C"$e6&$"s /"# ("st#*i# e' $"t&9e )e '"s (i#(*it"s /#"/*est"s E$/e6&$"s (" e' $"t&9e )e '& !*ete %i&,'e )e %"'t&9e+ (" '& #esiste(i& e se#ie (" '& ,",i&. 7 ("e(t&$"s '& se<&' )e' "s(i'"s("/i" & '& $it&) )e '& es(&'& )e '& "t#& se<&' O,se#%&)" '"s !e1$e"s 3*e /#eset& e' (i#(*it" L& s")& )e' "s(i'"s("/i" "s $*est#& '& se<&' 7 s* ("$/"#t&$iet" )es/*s )e /&s /"# &$,"s ("$/"etes )e' (i#(*it"+ $"st#&)" * )es!&se+ $e)i)" s* 5*'" /"# e' "s(i'"s("/i" t*%i$"s 3*e e#& )e 4= #&)"s L*e" $e)i$"s '& #e&(t&(i& e '& ,",i& I*&'$ete /& e' (i#(*it" )e' (")es&)"# se*i$"s e' $is$" /#"(es"+ e:(e/t*&)" '&s e(*&(i"es te1#i(&s+ 7& 3*e est&s (&$,i& /& &'' '& #e&(t&(i& 7 &'' e' %&'"# )e' (")es&)"# P& e' (")es&)"# se t*%"
Variando la frecuencia CO N D E N S A D O R
F R E CU E N CI A
=F
24>6
=F
>6
=F
4>6
Mientras que para los valores de la bobina encontramos:
F R E CU E N CI A
2.3
B O BI N A
K
3
= CONCLUSIONES
A' #e&'i6 '&s ("!i*#&(i"es )e R L C '&s i$/e)&(i&s se (&(e'&+ 7& 3*e e' (")es&)"# /"see *& ("##iete e seti)" ("t#i" &' )e '& ,",i&+ /#eset5)"se *& 7*:t&/"si(i1 et#e '&s ("##ietes E (i#(*it" RC e se#ie+ & $e)i)& 3*e '& !#e(*e(i& &*$et&+ e' (")es&)"# se ("$/"#t& ("$" * ("#t" E '& ("!i*#&(i1 R L C+ (*&)" '& !#e(*e(i& es $*7 &'t& '& ,",i& se ("%ie#te e * ("#t". 7 (*&)" '& !#e(*e(i& es $*7 ,&9& e' (")es&)"# se ("$/"#t& ("$" * ("#t" Este ti/" )e (i#(*it" se )e"$i& t#&$/& " #e(&6" )e ")& SeM '& ("!i*#&(i1 3*e se /#esete se /*e)e e("t# 3*e e e' (i#(*it" RL+ (*5)" '& #e&(t&(i& tie)e & i!iit" e' %"'t&9e es i*&' & Sie)" e' (&s" )e LR e se#ie "(*##e 3*e (*&)" '& #e&(t&(i& tie)e & i!iit" se &(e (e#" E '& ("!i*#&(i1 RC e' (")es&)"# & $e)i)& 3*e '& !#e(*e(i& tie)e & i!iit" se &(e (e#" E '"s &$,"s (&s"s &te#i"#es se /*)" )ete#$i 3*e '& #e&(t&(i& es )i#e(t&$ete /#"/"#(i"&' & '& !#e(*e(i&