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Common Engineering Unit Conversions - Basic Units Parameter (Basic Units) mass (m) length - distance (L) time (t)
SI Units kilogram (kg)
English/American Units pound mass (lbm)
meter (m)
foot or inch (ft or in) second (s)
current (I)
Ampere (A)
Derived Units Parameter (Derived Units) Force - weight (F or W) Torque (T) Work - energy (W or E) Power (P) Voltage, EMF (V) Resistance (R) Inertia (J) plane angle (α, β, γ, etc.) rotation (Ө) velocity - linear (v) acceleration (a) velocity - angular (ω)
SI Units Newton (N)
English/American Units pound or ounce (lbf or oz)
Newton-meter (Nm) Joule (J)
foot-pound (ft-lb or in-lb) foot-pound (ft-lb or in-lb
Watt (W)
horsepower (hp or W) Volt (V) ohms (Ω)
kilogram-meter2 (kg-m2) radian (rad)
inch-pound-second2 (in-lb-s2) degree or radian (deg or rad) revolution (rev)
meter per sec. (m/s)
inch per second (in/s)
meter per second2 (m/s2) inch per second2 (in/s2) rad per second (rad/s)
velocity - rotational (ω) accel - angular (α)
rev per minute (rpm) rad per second2 (rad/s2)
Basic Definitions & Formulae Parameter Formula Force - accel (F = m * a) Torque - accel (T = J * α) Voltage, EMF (V = I * R) Work - Energy (E = F * L) Energy - elect (E = V * I * t) Power (P = F * v) Power (P = T * ω)
SI Units Formula
English/American Units Formula 2
1 N = 1 kg * 1 m / s 1 Nm = 1 kg-m2 * 1 rad / s2 1J=1N*1m
1 lbf = 1 lbf / (386 in / s2) * 386 in / s2 1 in-lb = 1 in-bl-s2 * 1 rad / s2 1V=1A*1Ω
1 in-lb = .113 Nm = .113 Ws = .113 J 1J=1V*1A*1s
1W=1N*1m/s 1 W = 1 Nm * 1 rad / s
1 hp = 550 ft-lb / s = 745.7 W (note: radians have no units)
Power (P = V * I) Power (P = E / t)
1W=1V*1A 1W=1J/1s
Power (P = I2 * R)
1 W = 1 A2 * 1 Ω
Motor Constants Parameter Formula Torque const (Kt = T / I)
SI Units Formula Kt = Nm / A
English/American Units Formula Kt = in-lb / A
Voltage const (Ke = V / ω)
Ke = V / (rad / s)
Ke = V / krpm
SI Units Formula 1 A = 1 Nm / (Nm / A)
English/American Units Formula 1 A = 1 in-lb / (in-lb / A)
1 V = AΩ + V / (rad / s) * (rad / s)
1 V = AΩ + V / (krpm) * (krpm)
Servo Motor Formulae Parameter Formula Current Draw (I + T / Kt) Voltage Required (V = IRa + Ke * ω)
Conversions:
To convert from units of A to units of B, find the value at the intersection of A and B, then multiply your number by this value. Example: to convert from cm to microns, multiply value in cm by 1.00E+04.
Length Conversion A (below) B (right)
micron (µm)
mm
cm
m
in
ft
micron (µm) mm
1 1000
0.001 1
1.00E-04 0.1
1.00E-06 0.001
3.94E-05 0.03937
3.28E-06 3.28E-03
cm m in
1.00E+04 1.00E+06 2.54E+04
10 1000 25.4
1 100 2.54
0.01 1 0.0254
0.3937 39.37 1
0.03281 3.281 0.0833
ft
3.05E+05
304.8
30.48
0.3048
12
1
Mass Conversion A (below) B (right)
g
kg
slug
ozm
lbm
1 1000
0.001 1
6.85E-05 6.85E-02
0.0353 35.274
2.20E-03 2.2046
slug ozm
1.46E+04 28.35
14.59 0.0284
1 1.94E-03
514.78 1
32.17 0.0625
lbm
453.6
0.4536
0.0311
16
1
N
kgf
gf
ozf
lbf
N kgf
1 9.81
0.102 1
101.97 1000
3.596 35.274
0.225 2.205
gf ozf lbf
9.81E-03 0.28 4.45
0.001 0.0283 0.4536
1 28.35 453.6
0.0353 1 16
2.21E-03 0.0625 1
g kg
Force Conversion A (below) B (right)
Torque Conversion A (below) B (right) g-cm
g-cm
kg-cm
kg-m
N-m
oz-in
lb-in
lb-ft
1
0.001
1.00E-05
9.81E-05
0.014
8.68E-04
7.23E-05
kg-cm kg-m
1000 1.00E+05
1 100
0.01 1
0.098 9.81
13.89 1389
0.868 86.8
0.072 7.23
N-m oz-in
1.02E+04 72.01
10.2 0.072
0.102 7.21E-04
1 7.06E-03
141.6 1
8.85 0.063
0.738 5.21E-03
lb-in lb-ft
1.15E+03 1.38E+04
1.152 13.83
0.012 0.138
0.113 1.356
16 192
1 12
0.083 1
Power Conversion A (below) B (right) Watts
Watts
kW
Horsepower
in-lb/s
ft-lb/s
1
100E-03
1.34E-03
8.85
0.74
kW Horsepower in-lb/s
1000 746 0.113
1 0.746 1.13E-04
1.34 1 1.52E-04
8851 6600 1
738 550 0.083
ft-lb/s
1.35
1.36E-03
1.82E-03
12
1
Linear Velocity Conversion A (below) B (right)
mm/s
cm/s
m/s
in/s
ft/s
in/min
ft/min
mm/s cm/s
1 10
0.1 1
0.001 0.01
0.0394 0.394
3.28E-03 0.0328
2.362 23.62
0.1968 1.97
m/s in/s
1000 25.4
100 2.54
1 0.0254
39.37 1
3.281 0.083
2362.2 60
196.9 5
ft/s in/min ft/min
304.8 0.423 5.08
30.48 0.0423 0.508
0.3048 4.23E-04 5.08E-03
12 0.0167 0.2
1 1.39E-03 0.0167
720 1 12
60 0.0833 1
Angular Velocity Conversion A (below) B (right) deg/s rad/s rpm rps
