NE_K Kcknkinkþ IKNEL _rkjïrki - Nirjl Gefrkt Dieelstlr NE^K Kcknkinkþ IKNEL Afic Iedlrknm Nirrijkùici
Blvlefpkch Tudrkns Blrkvlb grfj tml Eitkc wfrb ―rudlr,‚ ―rudlr,‚ wmknm jlics rlb. Kc jlbklvie tkjls, i rudrkn wis wis i slt fg kcstruntkfcs ipplcblb tf i eiw, tml printknl it tml tkjl dlkch tf wrktl eiws kc rlb. Kc prlslct biy printknl, printknl, rudrkns irl blvlefplb blvlefplb tf isskst tlinmlrs kc ritkch quiektkls fg elirckch futnfjls. futnfjls. Xmlc prfvkblb tf stublcts stublcts dlgfrl icb burkch burkch elirckch, rudrkns iesf isskst stublcts tf jfrl sunnlssgueey kctlrprlt icb ictknkpitl lxplntlb elvles fg plrgfrjicnl. Rmlrlgfrl, rudrkns lgglntkvley mlep tlinmlrs tf splnkgknieey splnkgknieey icb nfcskstlctey isslss icb lvieuitl quiektkls fg elirckch icb nfjjucknitl lxplntlb sticbirbs fg elirckch, icb mlep stublcts kctlrprlt tmlkr fwc elvle fg plrgfrjicnl, elirc wmit just dl bfcl tf kjprfvl plrgfrjicnl icb inmklvl mkhmlr sticbirbs fg plrgfrjicnl. I rudrkn nic dl blgkclb is i blsnrkptkvl hukblekcl, hukblekcl, i snfrkch hukbl fr splnkgkn prllstideksmlb plrgfrjicnl nrktlrki. nrktlrki. I slt fg rudrkns rudrkns ks uslb tf hukbl tml ritkch fg plrgfrjicnl, prfbunts fr prfnlssls fg stublct elirckch it virkfus elvles fg plrgfrjicnl (Gkhurl (Gkhurl 9). Elvles fg plrgfrjicnl plrgfrjicnl irl typknieey typknieey bkvkblb bkvkblb kc tmrll- tf skxskxpfkct sniels icb hkvlc eidles sunm is diskn-prfgknklct-ibvicnlb, cllbs kjprfvljlctjllts lxplntitkfcs-lxnllbs lxplntitkfcs, slebfj-sfjltkjls-usuieey-fgtlc, pffrhffb-lxnleelct-suplrkfr, dlhkcckch-diskn-prfgknklct-ibvicnlb-futsticbkch fr cf lggfrtdlefw ivlrihl-efw ivlrihl-efw ivlrihl-mkhm ivlrihl-mkhm ivlrihl-idfvl ivlrihl-idfvl ivlrihl-suplrkfr ivlrihl-suplrkfr.. Rml rudrkn gfr i pirtknueir elvle blsnrkdls tml plrgfrjicnl futnfjl it tmit elvle, icb linm sudslqulct rudrkn blsnrkdls tml quiekty fg plrgfrjicnl it linm sudslqulct sudslqulct elvle kc tml slrkls. Elvle 91
Tudrkn plrgfrjicnl nrktlrki0 blsnrkptkfc fg plrgfrjicnl plrgfrjicn l it elvle 9
Elvle 41
Tudrkn plrgfrjicnl nrktlrki0 blsnrkptkfc fg plrgfrjicnl plrgfrjicn l it elvle 4
Elvle >1
Tudrkn plrgfrjicnl nrktlrki0 blsnrkptkfc fg plrgfrjicnl plrgfrjicn l it elvle >
Gkhurl 9. Hlclrkn slt fg rudrkns
_lrgfrjicnl futnfjls nic dl isslsslb inrfss virkfus ittrkdutls fr leljlcts fg tml rudrkn gfr linm ittrkdutl ittrkdutl it linm elvle elvle (Gkhurl 4). Rml splnkgkn plrgfrjicnl uskch i rudrkn ittrkdutls ippeklb tf i slt fg rudrkns nic dl snfrlb kcbkvkbuieey icb sujjlb tfhltmlr fr tml fvlriee plrgfrjicnl nic dl snfrlb it fcnl.
_lrgfrjicnl Ittrkdutl 9 _lrgfrjicnl Ittrkdutl 4 _lrgfrjicnl Ittrkdutl >
Elvle 9 Tudrkn 9.9 Tudrkn 4.9 Tudrkn >.9
Elvle 4 Tudrkn 9.4 Tudrkn 4.4 Tudrkn >.4
Elvle > Tudrkn 9.> Tudrkn 4.> Tudrkn >.>
Elvle 2 Tudrkn 9.2 Tudrkn 4.2 Tudrkn >.2
Gkhurl 4. Tudrkns gfr gfur elvles icb tmrll ittrkdutls fg plrgfrjicnl
Rml cujdlr icb typl fg ritkch sniels icb ittrkdutls irl bltlrjkclb dislb fc tml fdalntkvls icb icb sticbirbs fg tml plrgfrjicnl plrgfrjicnl tis`. Jfst icy elirckch elirckch tis` nic dl nfcskblrlb is i plrgfrjicnl gfr wmknm rudrkns nic dl wrkttlc. _lrgfrjicnl tis`s nic dl i wrkttlc piplr, ic frie prlslctitkfc, bikey neissrffj ittlcbicnl icb pirtknkpitkfc, ittktubl fr bkspfsktkfc, printknl plrgfrjicnl kc i prfglsskfcie rfel sunm is jusknkic, itmeltl, nfucslefr, ittfrcly, tlinmlr, snklctkst fr jitmljitknkic icb nic lvlc kcneubl blsnrkptkfcs fg plrgfrjicnl fc ic lxij. Rmfuhm tml elvles fg plrgfrjicnl nic dl tribktkfcie elttlr hribls, tml blsnrkptkvl nrktlrki gfr linm elvle fg plrgfrjicnl icb tml splnkgkn ittrkdutls fg tml elirckch tis` jfvl tml isslssjlct prfnlss dlyfcb tribktkfcie hribkch tf rlkcgfrnl nelirlr nrktlrki gfr hr ibkch. ibkch. Tudrkns nic put put kctf fdalntkvl tlrjs tlrjs i tlinmlr‛s sudalntkvl sudalntkvl aubhjlcts aubhjlcts icb Blpirtijlct b'Lcslcyijlct
NE_K Kcknkinkþ IKNEL _rkjïrki - Nirjl Gefrkt Dieelstlr NE^K Kcknkinkþ IKNEL Afic Iedlrknm Nirrijkùici
nelirey stitl ucblreykch issujptkfcs fg tml elirckch prfnlss tmit typknieey rljikc ucwrkttlc. Tlglrlcnls1 Tlglrlcnls1 Jlrtelr, Nrikh I. (4??9). Blskhckch snfrkch rudrkns gfr yfur neissrffj. _rintknie Isslssjlct, Tlslirnm & Lvieuitkfc, Lvieuitkfc, 8(4<). Ivikeidel fcekcl1 mttp1//lrknil.clt/pirl/hltvc.isp6v:8&c:4<
Jfs`ie, Dirdiri J. (4???). ^nfrkch rudrkns1 wmit, wmlc icb mfw6 _rintknie Isslssjlct, Tlslirnm & Lvieuitkfc, 8(>). Ivikeidel fcekcl1 mttp1//lrknil.clt/pirl/hltvc.isp6v:8&c:>
\slgue wldsktls1 wldsktls1 mttp1//www.juskn.jkijk.lbu/isslssjlct/rudrkns.mtje mttp1//irtslbhl.`lcclby-nlctlr.frh/prfglsskfcieVrlsfurnls/mfwtf/rudrkns.mtje mttp1//wkblwfreb.pz.mirvirb.lbu/nfursls/bljf/fvlrvklw/nfctlctVfvlrvklw.mtje mttp1//www.rudrkns.nfj/2bintkfc/wV^mfwTudrkn/9 - Clw Jlisurl, Tudrkn ^fgtwirl, 4??9 mttp1//www.rudrkns.nfj mttp1//kctriclt.nps.`94.ke.us/Isslssjlcts/KblisVicbVTudrkns/TudrknVDic`/rudrknVdic`.mtje mttp1//2tlinmlrs.frh mttp1//www.eicbjir`-prfalnt.nfj/neisswld/tffes/rudrknVdukeblr.pmp> mttp1//www.juskn.jkijk.lbu/isslssjlct/sfgtwirl.mtje mttp1//www.tlinm-cfefhy.nfj/wldVtffes/rudrkns/
Gfr ibbktkfcie issksticnl sll1 sll1 _frtgfekf Isslssjlct Gfrjitkvl icb ^ujjitkvl Isslssjlct Ippeklb Lxplrklcnls
Blpirtijlct b'Lcslcyijlct
