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kdgpd'> kdgpd' > D}pl D} pl }d drvejma }j }j mlg}j`dxak mlg}j` dxak l} qtd qt d gl d} }jgl mlg de }txnjkjdgpl `d ea nxag jg`t}pxja qtd }d d}pahedmd dg ha}d} }ýej`a} ea `jsj}jýg jgpdx« gamjlgae `de pxahaol'2 pxahaol'2 Ea mxdamjýg `d ea nxag jg`t}pxja kl`dxga }d ba« hxëa sj}pl ctdxpdkdgpd lh}pamteja`a }j gl bthjdxa mlgpa`l mlg el} vaë}d} `dvdg`jdgpd}% z `dhj`l xdaejax}d }lhxd tga ha}d d}pxjmpakdgpd gamjlgae' Dg dcdmpl% de `d}axxleel jg`t}pxjae }tvlgd tga nxag `j}vlgjhjej`a` `d hjdgd} anxëmlea}% qtd vdx« kjpa ea d}vdmjaejamjýg `d vaxpd `d ea }lmjd`a` dg ea ampjsj`a` d}vdmëcjmakdgpd jg`t}pxjae': jg`t}pxjae': Dg D g de ma }l `d ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg dtxlvda% de xdmtx}l a ea }jkved vxl`tmmjýg anxëmlea jgpdxga bthjdxa cxdga« `l ea drpxdka`a d}vdmjaejamjýg vxl`tmpjsa qtd ea > Dg tg pxahaol qtd kjgjkja dglxkdkdgpd dglxk dkdgpd ea jkvlxpagmja `de `de kdxma`l kdxm a`l ktg`jae k tg`jae v axa de `d}axxleel `d}axxleel `de mavjpaej}kl% Vate Hajxlmb Hajxlmb lh+ 2 ― Ea nxag nxag jg`t} jg` t}pxja pxja ba mxda`l mxda`l de de kdxma`l ktg`jae ktg` jae za vxdvaxa« K agjcj jcjd} d}pl pl `de `d e V axpj` ax pj`l l Ml« `l vlx de `d}mthxjkjdgpl `d Akêxjma' ‛ Kag D e Mavjpae% p' J% mav' RRJJJ% =% v' 4=3% glpa% d`jmjýg `de Clg`l `d Mteptxa Dmlgýkjma' A`sdxpjkl} aqtë qtd bdkl} vxlmtxa`l xdcdxjx D e Mavjpae Mav jpae a d}pa d`jmjýg% vaxa camjejpax ae edmplx }t thj« ea} mjpa} `d De mamjýg9 }jg dkhaxnl% vlx jgmlgsdgjdgpd} `dxjsa`l} }da `d ea pxa`tm« mjýg% }da `d ea} d`jmjlgd} dg qtd deea }d ha}a% vxdcdxjkl}% dg mjdx« pl} ma}l}% xdmtxxjx ae pdrpl jgmetj`l dg ea} lhxa} `d Kaxr qtd }d d`jpag haol ea xd}vlg}ahjej`a` `d Karjkjejdg Xthde "Vaxë}% GXC% Hjhejlpbâqtd `d ea Veêja`d*9 dg paed} ma}l}% `akl} pakhjêg ea xdcd« xdgmja qtd mlxxd}vlg`d a ea d`jmjýg CMD' : ― Y ' ' ' [ Tga vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol anxëmlea qtd xdha}d ea} gdmd}j`a`d} jg`jsj`taed} `de lhxdxl mlg}pjptzd ea ha}d `d pl`a }l« mjd`a` z% }lhxd pl`l% ea ha}d `d ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa% ea mtae }dvaxa a tga vaxpd ma`a sd kazlx `d ea }lmjd`a` `d ea vxl`tmmjýg `d kd`jl} `jxdmpl} `d }th}j}pdgmja z ea mlgsjdxpd% mlkl `jmd ]pdt+ cx d d bda`}% bda` }% dg blkhxd} `j}vlgjhed} vaxa ea drvelpamjýg `d axp% dg cxd lpxa} d}cdxa}‛% D e Mavjpae% JJJ% RESJJ% v' >82'
86
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81
`d aejkdgpl}% qtd avaxdmd mlkl mlg`jmjýg gdmd}a« xja `d }t jg}dxmjýg dg ea dmlglkëa jgpdxgamjlgae mavjpaej}pa% }d anxdnaxá vxlgpl ea `d mlgpxjhtjx a ea clxkamjýg `d tg kdxma`l `d kapdxja} vxjka} jg« `t}pxjaed}% mtza jkvlxpagmja mxdmd dg ctgmjýg `de kj}kl `d}axxleel jg`t}pxjae'1 jg`t}pxjae'16 De mxdm mx dmjk jkjd jdg g pl `d ea mea}d pxahaoa`lxa dg el} vaë}d} mdgpxaed} z ea dedsamjýg aÿg ká} glpahed `d }t vxl`tmpjsj`a`% qtd xd}tepag `de a`sdgjkjdgpl `d ea nxag jg`t}« pxja% eedsaxlg a qtd ea ka}a `d kapdxja} vxjka} slema`a ae vxlmd}l `d vxl`tmmjýg atkdgpaxa dg kazlx vxlvlxmjýg'1 vxlvlxmjýg' 11 D }pa ctg mjý mj ý g % q t d eednaxá eednaxá ká} pax`d a }t vedgjpt`% d} pakhjêg ea qtd }d xd« sdeaxëa mlkl ea ká} `txa`dxa vaxa Akêxjma Eapj« ga% kagpdgjdg`l pl`a }t jkvlxpagmja atg `d}vtê} `d qtd ea `jsj}jýg jgpdxgamjlgae `de pxahaol baza aemaga`l tg gtdsl d}pa`jl' El qtd jkvlxpa mlg}j`dxax aqtë d} qtd ea} ctg« mjlgd} qtd mtkved Akêxjma Eapjga dg ea dmlgl« këa mavjpaej}pa ktg`jae pxa}mjdg`dg ea kdxa xd}« 16 D} jgpdxd}ag pd lh}dxsax lh}dxsax qtd% qt d% eedna`l tg mjdxpl k lk dgpl% dg pl% ea ea} kj}ka} gamjlgd} jg`t}pxëaed} drvlxpaxág }t} mavjpaed} a Akêxjma Eapjga% vaxa avejmaxel} a ea vxl`tmmjýg `d kapdxja} vxjka} z aej+ 11 ― Y ' ' '[ ae mxdmdx de mavjpae saxjahed% pjdgd qtd mxdmdx pakhjêg gdmd}axjakdgpd de mavjpae mlg}pagpd% z ae atkdgpax `d sletkdg ea} mlg`jmjlgd} mlktgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg% el} d`jcjmjl}% el} blxgl}% dpm'% pjdgdg pakhjêg qtd atkdgpax% z ktmbl ká} xávj`akdgpd qtd ea vx jka}‛' a}‛' D e Mavjpae% Mavjpae% J% RJJ% v' gýkjga `d lhxdxl}% ea} kapdxja} vxjk 8:=% }thx' lxjnjgae' Vlx el `dká}% mtaeqtjdxa qtd }da ea saxjamjýg drvdxjkdgpa`a vlx de mavjpae saxjahed z vlx de dedkdgpl cjol `de mavjpae mlg}pagpd% de na}pl `d kapdxja} v xjka} d} }jdkvxd kazlx% mtag`l atkdgpa de nxa`l `d drvelpamjýg l ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de D e Mavjpae% J% RRJJ% jgmj}l 0' pxahaol' Mc' De
88
vtd}pa a el} xdqtdxjkjdgpl} cë}jml} jg`tmj`l} vlx ea amtkteamjýg dg el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}' Ká} aeeá `d camjejpax de mxdmjkjdgpl mtagpjpapjsl `d ê}pl}% ea vaxpjmjvamjýg `d Akêxjma Eapjga dg de kdxma`l ktg`jae mlgpxjhtjxá a qtd de dod `d ea amtktea« mjýg dg ea dmlglkëa jg`t}pxjae }d `d}veamd `d ea vxl`tmmjýg `d vet}saeëa ah}letpa a ea `d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa% d} `dmjx% qtd ea amtkteamjýg va}d a `d« vdg`dx ká} `de atkdgpl `d ea mavamj`a` vxl`tm« pjsa `de pxahaol qtd }jkvedkdgpd `d ea drvelpa« mjýg `de pxahaoa`lx' ]jg dkhaxnl% de `d}axxleel `d ea vxl`tmmjýg eapjglakdxjmaga% qtd vdxkjpd a ea xdnjýg mla`ztsax a d}pd makhjl mtaejpapjsl dg el} vaë}d} mdgpxaed}% }d `axá ctg`akdgpaekdgpd mlg ha}d dg tga kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx' D} d}pd maxámpdx mlgpxa`jmplxjl `d ea `dvdg`dgmja ea« pjglak dxjmaga% qtd `dpdxk `d pdxk jga ea} xdeamjlgd} xdeamjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg dg de mlgotgpl `de }j}pdka mavjpaej}pa% el qtd `dhd xdpdgdx gtd}pxa apdgmjýg'
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Ea jg}dxmjýg `d Akêxjma Eapjga dg ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}pa xd}vlg`d a ea} drjndgmja} qtd veagpda dg el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed} de va}l a ea vxl`tmmjýg `d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa' D}pa }d dgpjdg`d mlkl tga clxka `d drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol a}aeaxja`l qtd% ctg`akdgpaekdgpd mlg ha}d dg ea pxag}clxkamjýg `d ea} mlg`jmjlgd} pêmgjma} `d vxl`tmmjýg% xd}tepa `d ea `d}saelxjamjýg xdae `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol' ]jg ablg`ax dg ea mtd}pjýg% mlgsjdgd bamdx aqtë aentga} vxdmj}jlgd} qtd }d xdeamjlgag mlg gtd}pxl pdka' Dg el d}dgmjae% }d pxapa `d `j}jvax ea mlgct}jýg qtd }tded d}pahedmdx}d dgpxd de mlgmdvpl `d vet}« saeëa xdeapjsa z de `d vxl`tmpjsj`a`' Dg dcdmpl% }j hjdg mlg}pjptzd ea mlg`jmjýg vlx drmdedgmja `d ea vet}saeëa xdeapjsa% tga kazlx mavamj`a` vxl`tm« pjsa `de pxahaol gl a}dntxa `d vlx }ë tg atkdgpl `d ea vet}saeëa xdeapjsa' Ae atkdgpax ea vxl`tmpjsj« `a`% de pxahaoa`lx }ýel mxda ká} vxl`tmpl} dg de kj}kl pjdkvl% vdxl gl ká} saelx9 d} ot}pakdgpd d}pd bdmbl de qtd eedsa ae mavjpaej}pa jg`jsj`tae a vxlmtxax de atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj`a`% za qtd deel ed vdxkjpd xdhaoax de saelx jg`jsj`tae `d }t kdxmagmëa% dg xdeamjýg ae saelx qtd ea} mlg`jmjl« gd} ndgdxaed} `d ea vxl`tmmjýg ed apxjhtzdg% lhpd« gjdg`l a}ë tga vet}saeëa }tvdxjlx a ea `d }t} mlk« vdpj` vd pj`lx lxd} d} ‐l }da% }da% tga tg a vet}saeëa vet} saeëa drpxal dr pxalx`jg x`jgaxja axja''
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Ablxa hjdg% d}a vet}saeëa drpxalx`jgaxja aepdxa de xdvaxpl ndgdxae `d ea vet}saeëa dgpxd el} `jsdx}l} mavjpaej}pa}% ae pxa`tmjx}d dg nagagmja drpxalx`jga« xja% vdxl gl kl`jcjma de nxa`l `d drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol dg ea dmlglkëa l dg ea xaka mlg}j`dxa`a% d} `dmjx% gl jgmj`d dg ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa' ]j de vxlmd`jkjdgpl pêmgjml qtd vdxkjpjý de atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj`a` }d ndgdxaeja a ea} `dká} dkvxd« }a}% z vlx dg`d }d tgjclxka ea pa}a `d vxl`tmpjsj« `a`% deel gl amaxxda pakvlml de atkdgpl `d ea m t l p a ` d v e t } s a e ë a ? } d b a h x á p a g } ý el el a m x d m d g p a ` l
ea ka}a `d vxl`tmpl}% }jg bamdx saxjax }t saelx% l el qtd d} el kj}kl% de saelx }lmjae `d ea tgj`a` `d vxl`tmpl }d xd`tmjxëa dg pêxkjgl} vxlvlxmjl« gaed} ae atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol' Ea mlg}dmtdgmja }dxëa% vtd}% gl de jgmxdkdgpl `d ea vet}saeëa% }jgl ká} hjdg }t `j}kjgtmjýg' D}pl }d `dhd a qtd el qtd `dpdxkjga ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa gl d} ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol dg }ë% }jgl de nxa`l `d drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol% l }da% ea xdeamjýg dgpxd de pjdkvl `d pxahaol drmd`dgpd "dg de qtd de lhxdxl vxl`tmd vet}saeëa* z de pjdk« vl `d pxahaol gdmd}axjl "dg de qtd de lhxdxl xd« vxl`tmd de saelx `d }t ctdxa `d pxahaol% d}pl d}% de dqtjsaedgpd `d }t }aeaxjl*'1 }aeaxjl*'18 ]ýel ]ý el ea a epd ep d x a m j ý g 18 ― De pxahaol pxahaol `dhd Y ' ' ' [ vl}ddx tg mjdxpl nxa`l `d vxl`tmpj« sj`a` agpd} qtd vtd`a vxlelgnax}d ká} aeeá `de pjdkvl gdmd}axjl ae vxl`t vxl `tmpl mplxx vaxa naxagpjax naxagpjax }t }th}j}pdgmj }th}j}pdgmja% a% vdxl gl d} oaká} d}a d}a vxl`tmpjsj`a`% mtaeqtjdxa qtd }da }t nxa`l% ea mat}a `d ea vet}sa« eëa' D}a mat}a d} }jdkvxd de pxahaol drmd`dgpd% mtaeqtjdxa qtd }da
84
`d d}a vxlvlxmjýg% dg tg }dgpj`l caslxahed ae ma+ +vjpaej}pa% d} `dmjx% kd`jagpd de atkdgpl `de pxaha« ol o l d r m d ` d g pd } l h xd de g dmd dm d }axj }a xjl l % v t d ` d k l ` jcjm jc jmaa x ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa' Vaxa d}pl% ea xd`tmmjýg `de saelx }lmjae `d ea} kdxmagmëa} `dhd jgmj`jx dg hjd« gd} gdmd}axjl} a ea xdvxl`tmmjýg `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol% saed `dmjx hjdgd}+}aeaxjl}' Ea vet}saeëa xd« eapjsa d}pá ejna`a jg`j}lethedkdgpd% vtd}% a ea `d}« saelxjamjýg `d el} hjdgd}+}aeaxjl% vaxa el qtd mlg« mtxxd dg ndgdxae% vdxl% gl clxl}akdgpd% ea vxl« `tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol' 1= D}pa `jnxd}jýg dxa jg`j}vdg}ahed }j qtdxdkl} dg« pdg`dx hjdg vlx qtê ea jg}dxmjýg `d Akêxjma Eapj« ga dg de kdxma`l ktg`jae mlgpxjhtzý a `d}axxl« eeax de kl`l `d vxl`tmmjýg d}vdmëcjmakdgpd mavj« paej}pa% paej} pa% qtd }d ha}a ha} a dg ea vet}saeëa vet}s aeëa xdeapjsa' xdeapjsa' Kdg« mjlgakl} za qtd tga `d ea} ctgmjlgd} qtd ed ctd a}jnga`a% dg de kaxml `d ea `jsj}jýg jgpdxgamjlgae `de pxahaol% ctd ea `d vxlsddx a el} vaë}d} jg`t}« pxjaed} `d el} aejkdgpl} qtd drjnëa de mxdmjkjdgpl `d ea mea}d lhxdxa% dg vaxpjmteax% z `d ea vlheamjýg txhaga% dg ndgdxae% qtd aeeë }d `aha' Ea lcdxpa ktg`jae `d aejkdgpl}% qtd Akêxjma Eapjga mlgpxj« htzd a mxdax% z qtd aemaga }t atnd dg ea }dntg`a kjpa` `de }jnel RJR% }dxá tg dedkdgpl `dmj}jsl de kl` k l`l l `d drplx}jl dr plx}jlga gaxel‛ xel‛ ' Pxa`tmmjýg Pxa`t mmjýg ejpdxae `de va}aod va}aod jgmetj`l jgmetj`l d g D e Mavjpae% J% RSJ% vv' 1662+166:% Veêja`d9 `jmbl va}aod gl avaxdmd dg ea d`jmjýg CMD% `lg`d mlxxd}vlg`dxëa ae plkl J% mav' RJS% v' 082' Mavjpa e% J% }dmmjlgd} JS z S z De D e Mavjpae% Mavjpa e% E jhx jh x l J% 1= Mc' D e Mavjpae% Mavjptel SJ "jgê`jpl*' D`' ]jngl}% Htdgl} Ajxd}% 1:>1% vaxpd J'
83
vaxa qtd el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed} mlgcëdg ae mlkdx« mjl drpdxjlx ea apdgmjýg `d }t} gdmd}j`a`d} `d kd« `jl} `d }th}j}pdgmja'10 }th}j}pdgmja'10 De dcdmpl `d `jmba lcdxpa "akveja`l vlx ea `dvxd}jýg `d el} vxdmjl} `d el} vxl`tmpl} vxjkaxjl} dg de kdxma`l ktg`jae% pdka ae qtd slesdxdkl} ká} a`deagpd* }dxá de `d xd`tmjx de saelx xdae `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol dg el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}% vdxkjpjdg`l a}ë qtd de jgmxdkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` vxl` tmpjsj`a` }d pxa`tma pxa`t ma aeeë dg mtlpa mt lpa}} `d vet}saeëa ma`a sd ká} dedsa`a}' Dg lpxl} pêxkj« gl}% kd`jagpd }t jgmlxvlxamjýg ae kdxma`l ktg« `jae `d hjdgd}+}aeaxjl% Akêxjma Eapjga `d}dkvdña tg vavde }jngjcjmapjsl dg de atkdgpl `d ea vet}sa« eëa xdeapjsa dg el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}' Agpd} `d drakjgax de xdsdx}l `d ea kd`aeea% d} `dmjx% ea} mlg`jmjlgd} jgpdxga} `d vxl`tmmjýg qtd vdxkjpjxág a Akêxjma Eapjga mtkvejx d}a ctgmjýg% mahd jg`jmax qtd gl d} }ýel a gjsde `d }t vxlvja dmlglkëa qtd ea `dvdg`dgmja eapjglakdxjmaga }d xdsdea mlgpxa`jmplxja? ea vaxpjmjvamjýg `d Akêxjma Eapjga dg de vxlnxd}l `de kl`l mavjpaej}pa `d vxl« `tmm `t mmjýg jýg dg el} vaë}d} jg`t jg`t}p }pxxj aed} }dxá }dxá a }t sd sd mlgpxa`jmplxja' D}pl }d `dhd a qtd% mlkl }dñaea« kl} agpd}% de atkdgpl `d ea mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa `de pxahaol amaxxda tg mlg}tkl ká} qtd vxlvlx« 10 Ea vaxpjmjvamjýg `d ea} ea} drvlxpamjlg drvl xpamjlg d} dg de mlg}tkl `d aej kdgpl} `d Jgneapdxxa% bamja 1226% dxa `d 04$ vaxa de pxjnl% 4=$ vaxa ea kagpdqtjeea z de qtd}l% :0$ vaxa ea} vava} z >6$ vaxa ea maxgd' @apl} `d K' N' Ktebaee% xdvlxpa`l} vlx Vate Hajxlmb% lv' mjp'% vv' 802+80:'
mjlgae `d kapdxja} vxjka}' Dg ea kd`j`a dg qtd d}a kazlx vxl`tmpjsj`a` }d amlkvaña dcdmpjsa« kdgpd `d tga kazlx vet}saeëa xdeapjsa% d}pl }jngj« cjma qtd `d}mjdg`d de saelx `de mavjpae saxjahed dg xdeamjýg ae `de mavjpae mlg}pagpd "qtd jgmetzd ea} kapdxja} vxjka}*% l }da% qtd }d dedsa ea mlkvl}j« mjýg+saelx `de mavjpae' Ablxa hjdg% el qtd }d avxl« vja de mavjpaej}pa gl d} `jxdmpakdgpd ea vet}saeëa vxl`tmj`a% }jgl ea vaxpd `d ê}pa qtd ed mlxxd}vlg« `d haol ea clxka `d nagagmja' Mlkl ea mtlpa `d nagagmja gl vtd`d }dx cjoa`a pag }ýel dg xdeamjýg ae mavjpae saxjahed% }jgl qtd }lhxd de plpae `de ma« vjpae asaga`l dg de vxlmd}l `d vxl`tmmjýg% d} `dmjx% }aeaxjl}% jg}paeamjlgd}% kaqtjgaxja% kapdxja} vxjka}% dpm'% de xd}tepa`l `de atkdgpl `d ea vet}« saeëa pjdg pjd g ` d a }dx ‐}jdkvxd qtd qt d jkvejqtd% jkvejqt d% atgqtd atgq td }da dg pêxkjgl} xdeapjsl}% tga dedsamjýg }jktepá« gda `de saelx `de mavjpae mlg}pagpd dkveda`l vaxa vxl`tmjxea‐tga haoa `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja' D}pa mlgpxa`jmmjýg% mxtmjae vaxa ea amtkteamjýg mavjpaej}pa% }d mlgpxaxxd}pa kd`jagpd `jsdx}l} vxl« md`jkjdgpl}% qtd% `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa d}pxjmpa« kdgpd vxl`tmpjsl% }d lxjdgpag za dg de }dgpj`l `d jgmxdkdgpax aÿg ká} ea vet}saeëa% a cjg `d mlk« vdg}ax ea `dmejgamjýg `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja% za dg de `d jg`tm jg` tmjx jx tga haoa vaxaedea va xaedea dg de saelx `de mavjpae mlg}pagpd% mlg de vxlvý}jpl `d jkvd`jx qtd ea `dmejgamjýg pdgna etnax' Dg ea }dntg`a mea« }d `d vxlmd`jkjdgpl}% jgpdxd}a aqtë de qtd }d xd«
82
cjdxd a ea lcdxpa ktg`jae `d kapdxja} vxjka} jg« `t}pxjaed}% ea mtae avaxdmd mlkl ea mlgpxavaxpj`a ‐`d}`d `d} `d de v t g pl `d sj}pa sj}pa `d ea mlkvl}jmjý mlk vl}jmjýg+sa g+saelx elx `de mavjpae‐ mav jpae‐ `d ea ea l cdxpa ktg`jae `d `d aejkd aejkdgpl gpl}' }' Pae mlkl }d `a mlg d}pa ÿepjka% d} kd`jagpd de atkdgpl `d tga ka}a `d vxl`tmpl} ma`a sd ká} haxapl} dg de kdxma`l jgpdxgamjlgae% mlkl Akê« xjma Eapjga gl }ýel aejkdgpa ea drvag}jýg mtagpj« papjsa `d ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa dg el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}% }jgl qtd mlgpxjhtzd a qtd }d }tvdxdg el} d}mleel} qtd de maxámpdx mlgpxa`jmplxjl `d ea amtkteamjýg amtk teamjýg `d mavjpae mxda mxda vaxa d}a drvag} drv ag}jýg jýg''14 Drj}pd% }jg dkhaxnl% lpxl a}vdmpl `de vxlhedka qtd `dhd }dx mlg}j`dxa`l' Pxápa}d `de bdmbl }l« hxa`akdgpd mlglmj`l `d qtd de atkdgpl `d ea 14 D}pl d} xd}tkj`l vl x Kaxr Kaxr `d ea kagdxa kag dxa }jntjdgpd? }jntjdgpd? ―Mtag« ― Mtag« `l de mlkdxmjl drpdxjlx ahaxapa el} dedkdgpl} `de mavjpae mlg}pagpd l el} kd`jl} `d }th}j}pdgmja `d vxjkdxa gdmd}j`a` dg qtd }d jgsjdx« pd de mavjpae saxjahed% mlgpxjhtzd a bamdx qtd atkdgpd ea mtlpa `d nagagmja}% nagagmja}% ae dedsax ea mt l pa `d ea vet}saeëa z xd`tmjx xd`t mjx de saelx `de `de D e Mavjpae% JJJ% RJS% v' 8=3' D} gdmd}axjl pdgdx mavjpae mlg}pagpd'‛ mlg}pagpd' ‛ De vxd}dgpd qtd Kaxr gl }d ejkjpa a d}pa mlg}papamjýg% }jgl qtd ktd}« pxa pakhjêg de kl`l mlgpxa`jmplxjl kd`jagpd de mtae de mlkdxmjl drpdxjlx mlgpxjhtzd a ea haoa `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja' Gl el }dntj« xdkl}% }jg dkhaxnl% dg d}pa `jxdmmjýg% z pakvlml dg }t vxdlmtva« mjýg }lhxd mýkl ea} nagagmja} lhpdgj`a} vlx el} mavjpaej}pa} qtd lvdxag dg ea d}cdxa `de mlkdxmjl drpdxjlx vtd`dg bamdx }thjx ea mtlpa `d nagagmja "vxlmd`jkjdgpl qtd }d vl`xëa mea}jcjmax dg tg pdxmdx pjvl `d kd`j`a} vaxa mlgpxaxxd}pax ea haoa pdg`dgmjae `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja% otgpl mlg de mxdmjkjdgpl `de mavjpae dg ammjl« gd}? gd}? kd`j`a} `d}pjga`a} a htxeax ea pdg`dgmja pdg`dgm ja `dmejgagpd ` d ea mtl pa `d nagagmja a pxasê} `de `d}veaakjdgpl `de mavjpae a d}cdxa} gl vxl`tmpjsa}*' Gtd}pxl vxlvý}jpl gl d} de `d ablg`ax ablxa dg de drakdg `d ea} mlgpxa`jmmjlgd} qtd veagpda ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}« pa dg ndgdxae% }jgl pag }ýel de `d ameaxax ea} `dpdxkjgamjlgd} ctg« `akdgpaed} `d ea `dvdg`dgmja eapjglakdxjmaga'
8:
lcdxpa ktg`jae `d aejkdgpl} z kapdxja} vxjka} ba }j`l amlkvaña`l `d ea `dmejgamjýg `d el} vxdmjl} `d d}l} vxl`tmpl}% xdeapjsakdgpd ae vxdmjl aemag« a`l vlx ea} kagtcamptxa}'13 kagtcamptxa}' 13 Mlkl de vxdmjl `d el} vxl`tmpl} jg`t}pxjaed} }d kagpjdgd xdeapjsa« kdgpd d}pahed% z dg pl`l ma}l `dmejga edgpakdgpd% de `dpdxjlxl `d el} pêxkjgl} `d jgpdxmakhjl d}pá xdcedoag`l `d bdmbl ea `dvxdmjamjýg `d el} hjdgd} vxjkaxjl}' D} dsj`dgpd qtd pae `dvxdmjamjýg gl vtd`d mlxxd}vlg`dx a ea `d}saelxjamjýg xdae `d d}l} hjdgd}% `dhj`l a tg atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj« `a` dg el} vaë}d} gl jg`t}pxjaed}% za qtd d} vxdmj« }akdgpd aeeë `lg`d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` }d dedsa ká} edgpakdgpd' Mlgsjdgd% vtd}% jg`anax ea} xalgd} `d d}d cdgýkdgl% a}ë mlkl ea} `d vlx qtê gl }d pxa`tol dg `d}d}pëktel vaxa ea jgmlxvlxamjýg `d Akêxjma Eapjga a ea dmlglkëa jgpdxgamjlgae' De vxjkdx va}l vaxa xd}vlg`dx a d}pa jgpdxxl« nagpd mlg}j}pd dg `d}dmbax ea drvejmamjýg }jkvej}pa qtd gl qtjdxd sdx aeeë }jgl de xd}tepa`l `d ea edz `d lcdxpa z `dkag`a' ]j hjdg d} dsj`dgpd qtd ea mlgmtxxdgmja `d}dkvdña tg vavde `dmj}jsl dg ea 13 Avlzág`l}d Avlz ág`l}d dg d}pa`ë}pjma} `de @dvaxpak @d vaxpak dgpl Dmlgýkjml Dmlgýk jml `d ea} Gamjlgd} Tgj`a}% Valel ]agpj aglpa% xd}vdmpl a ea xdeamjýg dgpxd el} vxdmjl} `d vxl`tmpl} vxjkaxjl} z kagtcamptxa`l}? ―Mlg« }j`dxag`l ae qtjgqtdgjl 12>3+26 ; 166% de ëg`jmd `d}mjdg`d a :3' = dg de vdxjl`l 1223+:6% a 2>'1 2>' 1 dg el} añl} añl } 12:3 12 :3+1:6 +1:66 6 z }d d}pahjej« a dg de vdxjl`l qtd sa `d 1:63 a 1:1= dg 24' 2 mlkdgag`l a `d}mdg`dx% z mlg kazlx xavj`d% `d}vtê} `d ea cjgaejamjýg `d ea ntdxxa'‛ ntdxxa' ‛ ―De `dhapd }lhxd de jkvdxjaej}kl dg el} meá}jml} `de kax« rj}kl‛% Pdlxëa kaxrj}pa `de jkvdxjaej}kl' Mta`dxgl} `d Va}a`l z Vxd}dgpd% Mýx`lha% Axndgpjga% 1:3:% v' 0:'
=6
cjoamjýg `d el} vxdmjl}% deea gl drvejma vlx qtê% `de ea`l `d ea lcdxpa% }d sdxjcjma tga drvag}jýg amdedxa`a jg`dvdg`jdgpdkdgpd `d qtd ea} xdeamjl« gd} `d jgpdxmakhjl }d d}pêg `dpdxjlxag`l' Pakvl« ml }d vl`xëa jgpdxvxdpax de cdgýkdgl }j gl} ejkj« páxakl} a ea mlg}papamjýg dkvëxjma `d qtd ea} ed« zd} kdxmagpjed} }d bag sj}pl cae}da`a} dg de veagl jgpdxgamjlgae nxamja} a ea vxd}jýg `jvelkápjma z kjejpax vlx vaxpd `d ea} gamjlgd} jg`t}pxjaed}' D}pd xalgakjdgpl% atgqtd }d avlzd dg bdmbl} xdaed}% jgsjdxpd de lx`dg `d el} camplxd}% z gl sd qtd ea tpjejamjýg `d xdmtx}l} drpxadmlgýkjml} }d `dxjsa vxdmj}akdgpd `d qtd baz vlx `dpxá} tga ha}d dml« gýkjma qtd ea bamd vl}jhed' Akhl} pjvl} `d dr« vejmamjýg mlgpxjhtzdg% vlx pagpl% a lmtepax ea ga« ptxaeda `d el} cdgýkdgl} d}pt`ja`l} z mlg`tmdg a jet}jlgd} }lhxd el qtd d} xdaekdgpd ea drvelpa« mjýg mavjpaej}pa jgpdxgamjlgae' Gl d} vlxqtd }d mlkdpjdxlg aht}l} dg mlgpxa `d ea} gamjlgd} gl jg`t}pxjaed} qtd ê}pa} }d bag stdepl dmlgýkjmakdgpd `êhjed}% d} vlxqtd dxag `êhjed} qtd }d aht}ý `d deea}' Gl d} pakvlml vlx« qtd vxl`todxlg ká} `d el `dhj`l qtd }t vl}jmjýg mlkdxmjae }d `dpdxjlxý% }jgl qtd ctd de `dpdxjlxl mlkdxmjae el qtd ea} clxý a vxl`tmjx dg kazlx d}maea' Gdnax}d a sdx ea} ml}a} `d d}pa kagdxa d} kjrpjcjmax ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}pa jgpdxgamjlgae% d} bamdx mxddx qtd d}a dmlglkëa vl`xëa }dx `jcdxdgpd `d el qtd xdaekdgpd d}' Dg ÿepjka jg}pagmja% deel
=1
mlg`tmd a xdjsjg`jmax xdeamjlgd} mlkdxmjaed} dqtj« papjsa} dgpxd ea} gamjlgd}% mtag`l `d el qtd }d pxapa d} `d }tvxjkjx ea} xdeamjlgd} dmlgýkjma} jg« pdxgamjlgaed} qtd }d ha}ag dg de saelx `d makhjl' Dg dcdmpl% a kd`j`a qtd de kdxma`l ktg`jae aemaga clxka} ká} `d}axxleea`a}% de t}l `d ea sjl« edgmja vleëpjma z kjejpax vaxa drvelpax a ea} gamjl« gd} `êhjed} }d stdesd }tvdxcetl% z ea drvelpamjýg jgpdxgamjlgae vtd`d `d}mag}ax vxlnxd}jsakdgpd dg ea xdvxl`tmmjýg `d xdeamjlgd} dmlgýkjma} qtd vdx« vdpÿag z akvejcjmag de apxa}l z ea `dhjej`a` `d d}a} gamjlgd}' ]d sdxjcjma aqtë de kj}kl cdgýkd« gl qtd }d lh}dxsa dg de jgpdxjlx `d ea} dmlglkëa} jg`t}pxjaed}? de t}l `d ea ctdxa vaxa }lkdpdx a ea ka}a pxahaoa`lxa ae jkvdxjl `de mavjpae `j}kjgtzd a kd`j`a k d`j`a qtd qt d dgpxag a otnax kdmagj kdmagj}kl} }kl} dmlgý« dmlgý« kjml} qtd mlg}anxag d}a }thlx`jgamjýg'1> }thlx`jgamjýg'1> Ea drvag}jýg `de kdxma`l ktg`jae d} ea ha}d }lhxd ea mtae lvdxa ea `jsj}jýg jgpdxgamjlgae `de pxahaol dgpxd gamjlgd} jg`t}pxjaed} z gl jg`t}pxjaed}% vdxl ea mlgpxavaxpj`a `d d}a `jsj}jýg d} ea akvejamjýg `de kdxma`l ktg`jae' De `d}axxleel `d ea} xdeamjl« 1> ― Gl ha}pa mlg ml g qtd ea} ea} mlg`jmjlgd} mlg` jmjlgd} `d pxahaol pxah aol mxj}paejmdg mxj}paejmdg dg tgl `d el} vlel} mlkl mavjpae z dg de vlel mlgpxaxjl mlkl blk« hxd} qtd gl pjdgdg ga`a qtd sdg`dx ká} qtd }t ctdxa `d pxahaol' Gj ha}pa pakvlml mlg lhejnax a ê}pl} a sdg`dx}d sletgpaxjakdgpd' Dg de pxag}mtx}l `d ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa% }d sa clxkag`l tga mea« }d lhxdxa qtd% a ctdxa `d d`tmamjýg% `d pxa`jmjýg% `d ml}ptkhxd% }d }lkdpd a ea} drjndgmja} `d d}pd xênjkdg `d vxl`tmmjýg mlkl a ea} ká} eýnjma} edzd} gaptxaed}' Ea lxnagjamjýg `de vxlmd}l mavjpa« ej}pa `d vxl`tmmjýg za `d}axxleea`l sdgmd pl`a} ea} xd}j}pdgmja}% ea drj}pdgmja mlg}pagpd `d tga }tvdxvlheamjýg xdeapjsa kagpjdgd ea
=8
gd} kdxmagpjed} }jdgpa ea} ha}d} vaxa qtd tga kd« ol o l x a v ejm ej m a m jýg jý g ` d ea edz ` de s a elx el x pdg pd g n a etn et n a x% v d xl }jktepágdakdgpd mxda pl`a} ea} mlg`jmjlgd} vaxa qtd otdntdg el} `j}pjgpl} xd}lxpd} kd`jagpd el} mtaed} de mavjpae pxapa `d htxeaxea' Pdýxjmakdgpd% de jgpdxmakhjl `d kdxmagmëa} dr« vxd}a de makhjl `d dqtjsaedgpd}% mtzl saelx }d `dpdxkjga vlx ea magpj`a` `d pxahaol }lmjaekdgpd gdmd}axjl qtd jgmlxvlxag ea} kdxmagmëa}' Dg ea vxámpjma% }d lh}dxsag `jcdxdgpd} kdmagj}kl} qtd v d x k j p d g x d a e j a x p x a g } c d x d g m j a } `d saelx% v a } a g ` l vlx dgmjka `d ea} edzd} `de jgpdxmakhjl% z qtd }d drvxd}ag dg ea kagdxa mlkl }d cjoag el} vxdmjl} `d kdxma`l z el} vxdmjl} `d vxl`tmmjýg `d ea} kdxmagmëa}' Mlgsjdgd `j}pjgntjx el} kdmagj}kl} qtd lvdxag dg de jgpdxjlx `d ea kj}ka d}cdxa `d vxl`tmmjýg "za }d pxapd `d vxl`tmpl} kagtcampt« xa`l} l `d kapdxja} vxjka}* z el} qtd ampÿag dg de kaxml `d `j}pjgpa} d}cdxa} qtd }d jgpdxxdeamjl+ gag' Dg de vxjkdx ma}l% ea} pxag}cdxdgmja} mlxxd}« vlg`dg a avejmamjlgd} d}vdmëcjma} `d ea} edzd} `de jgpdxmakhjl% dg de }dntg`l a`lvpag ká} ahjdxpa+ edz edz `d ea lcdxpa lcd xpa z ea `dkag`a `dkag` a `d pxahaol a plgl mlg ea} ea} gdmd}j`a« gdmd}j`a« `d} `d drvelpamjýg `de mavjpae% z ea vxd}jýg }lx`a `d ea} mlg`jmjl« gd} dmlgýkjma} }deea de vl`dx `d kag`l `de mavjpaej}pa }lhxd de lhxdxl' Pl`asëa }d dkveda% `d sd dg mtag`l% ea sjledgmja `jxdmpa% drpxadmlgýkjma9 vdxl }ýel dg ma}l} drmdvmjlgaed}' @dgpxl `d ea kaxmba gaptxae `d ea} ml}a}% za vtd`d `doax}d ae lhxdxl a kdxmd` `d ea} ‒edzd} dzd} gap gaptx txae aed} d} `d ea v x l ` t m m jý g %. d} `dmjx% dgpxdna`l ae vxd« d} `lkjgjl `de mavjpae% vxd`lkjgjl qtd ea} vxlvja} mlg`jmjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg dgndg`xag% naxagpjag z vdxvdpÿag' ‛ D e M avjpae% av jpae% J% RRJS% v' 38>% }thx' lxjn'
==
kdgpd de maxámpdx `d pxag}nxd}jýg `d deea}' D} a}ë mlkl% vlx dcdmpl `d tga kazlx vxl`tm« pjsj`a` `de pxahaol% tga gamjýg vtd`d vxd}dgpax vxdmjl} `d vxl`tmmjýg jgcdxjlxd} a }t} mlgmtxxdg« pd}% }jg vlx deel haoax }jngjcjmapjsakdgpd el} vxd« mjl} `d kdxma`l qtd ea} mlg`jmjlgd} `d vxl`tm« mjýg `d ê}pl} mlgpxjhtzdg a cjoax' D}pl }d drvxd}a% vaxa ea gamjýg caslxdmj`a% dg tga nagagmja drpxa« lx`jgaxja% }jkjeax a ea qtd mlg}papakl} ae drakj« gax `d qtê kagdxa }d avxlvjag el} mavjpaed} jg`j« sj`taed} de cxtpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol' D} gaptxae qtd de cdgýkdgl }d vxd}dgpd }lhxd pl`l a gjsde `d ea mlgmtxxdgmja dgpxd ea} gamjlgd} jg`t}pxjaed}% z kdgl} dgpxd ea} qtd vxl`tmdg hjd« gd} vxjkaxjl}% za qtd d} dgpxd ea} vxjkdxa} qtd ea} edzd} mavjpaej}pa} `d jgpdxmakhjl }d dodxmdg `d ka« gdxa vedga9 d}pl gl qtjdxd `dmjx qtd gl }d sdxjcj« qtd pakhjêg dgpxd d}pa} ÿepjka}% kárjkd mtag`l }d `d}axxleeag aeeë ea} xdeamjlgd} mavjpaej}pa} `d vxl`tmmjýg' Dg de }dntg`l ma}l ‐pxag}am pxag }ammjlg mjlgd} d} dg pxd gamjl gd} qtd jgpdxmakhjag `j}pjgpa} mea}d} `d kdxmag« mëa} mëa}%% mlk l k agtcamptxa} z kapdx kapdxja ja}} vxjka}‐ vxjka}‐ de kdxl bdmbl `d qtd tga} vxl`tmag hjdgd} qtd ea} `dká} gl vxl`tmdg% l gl el vtd`dg bamdx mlg ea kj}ka camjej`a`% vdxkjpd qtd ea} vxjkdxa} det`ag ea edz `de saelx% d} `dmjx% sdg`ag }t} vxl`tmpl} a vxdmjl} }tvdxjlxd} a }t saelx% mlgcjntxag`l a}ë tg jgpdxmakhjl `d}jntae' D}pl jkvejma qtd ea} gamjl«
=0
gd} `d}caslxdmj`a} `dhag md`dx nxaptjpakdgpd vax« pd `de saelx qtd vxl`tmdg% z qtd d}pa md}jýg l pxag}cdxdgmja }d amdgpÿd dg caslx `d aqtde vaë} qtd ed} sdg`d kdxmagmëa} a tg vxdmjl `d vxl`tm« mjýg ká} haol% dg sjxpt` `d }t kazlx vxl`tmpjsj« `a`' Dg d}pd ÿepjkl ma}l% ea pxag}cdxdgmja `d saelx d} `lhed% atgqtd gl gdmd}axjakdgpd avaxdma a}ë vaxa ea gamjýg qtd pxag}cjdxd saelx% za qtd }t} `j« cdxdgpd} vxlsdd`lxd} vtd`dg sdg`dx pl`l} a tg kj}kl vxdmjl% }jg vdxotjmjl `d qtd ea} nagagmja} x d a e j a ` a } } d `j}pxjhtzag `d}jntaekdgpd dgpxd deel} z qtd ea kazlx vaxpd `de saelx md`j`l }d mlgmdg« pxd dg kagl} `de vaë} `d vxl`tmpjsj`a` ká} dedsa« `a' `a ' Cxdgpd a d}pl} kdmagj}kl} `d pxag}cdxdgmja `d saelx% ctg`a`l} }da dg ea vxl`tmpjsj`a`% }da dg de klglvlejl `d vxl`tmmjýg% vl`dkl} j`dgpjcjmax ‐}jdkvxd }jdk vxd ae gjsde `d ea} ea} xdeamjlg xdeam jlgd} d} jgpdxga jgpd xgamjl mjlga gaed} ed} `d kdxma`l‐ kdxm a`l‐ tg kdmag kdmagjj}kl `d ` d mlkvd mlkvdg} g}am amjj ýg' Pxápa}d `de xdmtx}l ae jgmxdkdgpl `d saelx jgpdx« makhja`l% vlx vaxpd `d ea gamjýg `d}caslxdmj`a? }jg jkvd`jx ea pxag}cdxdgmja lvdxa`a vlx el} kdma« gj}kl} za `d}mxjpl}% d}pl vdxkjpd gdtpxaejaxea pl« pae l vaxmjaekdgpd kd`jagpd de atkdgpl `de saelx xdaeja`l' @jmbl kdmagj}kl `d mlkvdg}amjýg vtd`d sdxjcjmax}d pagpl dg de veagl `de jgpdxmak« hjl `d vxl`tmpl} }jkjeaxd} mlkl `d vxl`tmpl} lxjnjgaxjl} `d `jcdxdgpd} d}cdxa} `d vxl`tmmjýg' Gl} vxdlmtvakl} aqtë }ýel `de }dntg`l ma}l'
=4
El qtd jkvlxpa }dñaeax d} qtd% vaxa jgmxdkdg« pax ea ka}a `d saelx vxl`tmj`a% de mavjpaej}pa `dhd gdmd}axjakdgpd dmbax kagl `d tga kazlx drvel« pamjýg `de pxahaol% za a pxasê} `de atkdgpl `d }t jgpdg}j`a`% za kd`jagpd ea vxlelgnamjýg `d ea olx« ga`a `d pxahaol% za cjgaekdgpd mlkhjgag`l el} `l } vxlmd` vxl md`jk jkjdg jdgpl} pl}'' Dg xjnlx% xjnlx% }ýel de vxjkdxl vxjk dxl ‐de atkdgpl `d ea jgpdg}j`a` `de pxahaol‐mlgpxaxxd}« pa xdaekdgpd ea} `d}sdgpaoa} xd}tepagpd} `d tga kdglx vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol% za qtd vdxkjpd ea m x d a m j ý g
` d k á } s a el x d g de k j} k l p jd k v l ` d
pxahaol' Dg el} bdmbl}% pl`l} mlgmtxxdg a atkdg« pax ea ka}a `d saelx xdaeja`a z% vlx dg`d% ea mag« pj`a` `d `jgdxl lhpdgj`a a pxasê} `de jgpdxmakhjl' D}pl d} el qtd drvejma% dg d}pd veagl `de agáej}j}% qtd ea lcdxpa ktg`jae `d kapdxja} vxjka} z aej« kdgpl} atkdgpd a kd`j`a qtd }d amdgpÿa de kax« ndg dgpxd }t} vxdmjl} `d kdxma`l z de saelx xdae `d ea vxl`tmmjýg'1 vxl`tmmjýg' 12 El qtd avaxdmd meaxakdgpd% vtd}% d} qtd ea} ga+ 12 Mde}l Mde}l C txpa tx pa`l `l b a mlk vxlha vxl ha`l `l de cdgýkd cdgý kdgl% gl% }jg }jg eednax eednax a }a max `d êe pl`a} pl`a } }t} }t} mlg}dmtdgmja}? mlg} dmtdgmja}? ― Ea haoa dg el} el} vxdmjl} `d ea} ea} drvlxpamjlgd} hxa}jedña}% dgpxd 1281+=6 z 1201+46% ctd `d mdxma `d 06$' Dg el qtd xd}vdmpa a ea} jkvlxpamjlgd}% de ëg`jmd `d vxd« mjl} jl} `d ea} drvlxpamjlgd} `d Jgneap Jgneapdxxa dxxa Y ' ' ' [ dgpxd el} `l} `dmdgjl} xdcdxj`l} }d kagptsl vdxcdmpakdgpd d}pahed' ]d vtd`d% vlx pagpl% acjxkax qtd% ea maë`a `de ëg`jmd `d el} pêxkjgl} `d jgpdxmakhjl ctd `d avxlrjka`akdgpd 06$% d}pl d}% qtd de jgnxd}l xdae ndgdxa« `l vlx ea} drvlxpamjlgd} mxdmjý 06$ kdgl} qtd de sletkdg cë}jml `d d}pa}' Mlkl de saelx kd`jl agtae `d ea} drvlxpamjlgd} }thjý `d = :66 666 ejhxa} a 4 0>6 666% l }da% tg atkdgpl `d 06$' @d d}pl }d `d}vxdg`d qtd de jgnxd}l xdae ndgdxa`l vlx de }dmplx drvlxpa`lx mxdmjý dg d}a kj}ka vxlvlxmjýg% kjdgpxa} de d}ctdxl vxl`tmpjsl xdaeja`l dg d}pd }dmplx ctd `de `lhed% avxlrjka`akdgpd' ‛ Lv' mjp'% v' 114'
=3
mjlgd} `d}caslxdmj`a} vlx de jgpdxmakhjl `d}jntae gl ht}mag pagpl mlxxdnjx de `d}dqtjejhxjl dgpxd el} vxdmjl} z de saelx `d }t} kdxmagmëa} drvlxpa`a} "el qtd jkvejmaxëa tg d}ctdxl xd`lhea`l vaxa atkdgpax ea mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa `de pxahaol*% }jgl ká} hjdg mlkvdg}ax ea vêx`j`a `d jgnxd}l} ndgdxa`l} vlx de mlkdxmjl jgpdxgamjlgae% a pxasê} `de xdmtx}l a tga kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa« `lx' Eednakl} a}ë a tg vtgpl dg qtd za gl gl} ha}pa mlg }dntjx kagdoag`l }jkvedkdgpd ea gl« m j ý g ` d j g p d x m a k h j l d g p x d g a m j l g d } % }jgl qtd `d« hdkl} dgmaxax de bdmbl `d qtd% dg de kaxml `d d}pd jgpdxmakhjl% ea avxlvjamjýg `de saelx xdaeja« `l dgmthxd ea avxlvjamjýg `d tga vet}saeëa qtd }d ndgdxa kd`jagpd ea drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol dg de jgpdxjlx `d ma`a gamjýg' Haol d}pd ágntel% ea pxag}« cdxdgmja `d saelx d} tga pxag}cdxdgmja `d vet}saeëa% qtd }d vxd}dgpa% `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa `de mavj« paej}pa qtd lvdxa dg ea gamjýg `d}caslxdmj`a% mlkl tga haoa `d ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa z vlx dg`d `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja' A}ë% ea mlgpxavax« pj`a `de vxlmd}l kd`jagpd de mtae Akêxjma Eapjga mlgpxjhtzý a jgmxdkdgpax ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa z ea mtlpa `d nagagmja dg el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed} jk« vejmý vaxa deea dcdmpl} xjntxl}akdgpd lvtd}pl}' Z el qtd avaxdmëa mlkl tg kdmagj}kl `d mlkvdg« }amjýg a gjsde `de kdxma`l d} `d bdmbl tg kdma« gj}kl qtd lvdxa a gjsde `d ea vxl`tmmjýg jgpdxga' D} bamja d}pa d}cdxa qtd `dhdkl} `d}veaax vlx
=>
pagpl de dgclqtd `d gtd}pxl agáej}j}' =' Ea }tvdxdrv }tvd xdrvelpamjýg elpamjýg `de ` de pxa pxaha haool
Sjkl} qtd de vxlhedka qtd veagpda de jgpdx« makhjl `d}jntae vaxa Akêxjma Eapjga gl d} vxdmj« }akdgpd de `d mlgpxaxxd}pax ea pxag}cdxdgmja `d sa« elx qtd jkvejma% }jgl ká} hjdg de `d mlkvdg}ax tga vêx`j`a `d vet}saeëa% z qtd% jgmava `d jkvd« `jxea ae gjsde `d ea} xdeamjlgd} `d kdxma`l% ea xdam« mjýg `d ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdgpd d} mlkvdg}axea dg de veagl `d ea vxl`tmmjýg jgpdxga' De atkdgpl `d ea jgpdg}j`a` `de pxahaol avaxdmd% dg d}pa vdx}« vdmpjsa% mlkl tg atkdgpl `d vet}saeëa% elnxa`l a pxasê} `d tga kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx z gl `de jgmxdkdgpl `d }t mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa' El kj}kl }d vl`xëa `dmjx `d ea vxlelgnamjýg `d ea ol o l k a ` a ` d pxa px a h a o l % d} ` d mjx% mj x% ` de a t k d g pl ` d ea vet}saeëa ah}letpa dg }t clxka meá}jma9 a `jcdxdg« mja `de vxjkdxl% }d pxapa aqtë `d atkdgpax }jkved« kdgpd de pjdkvl `d pxahaol drmd`dgpd% qtd d} aqtêe dg de qtd de lhxdxl }jntd vxl`tmjdg`l `d}« vtê} `d bahdx mxda`l tg saelx dqtjsaedgpd ae `d el} kd`jl} `d }th}j}pdgmja vaxa }t vxlvjl mlg}t« kl' Bahxëa qtd }dñaeax% cjgaekdgpd% tg pdxmdx vxlmd`jkjdgpl% qtd mlg}j}pd dg xd`tmjx de mlg}t« kl `de lhxdxl ká} aeeá `d }t eëkjpd glxkae% vlx c l g ` l gdmd gd md}ax }axjl jl ` d m l g } t k l ` d e lhxd lh xd el mtae ―de cl xl }d mlgsjdxpd `d bdmbl% `dgpxl `d mjdxpl} eëkj+
=2
pd}% dg tg clg`l `d amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae ‛% 1: jkvejmag`l a}ë tg kl`l d}vdmëcjml `d atkdgpax de pjdkvl `d pxahaol drmd`dgpd' Vxdmj}dkl} aqtë qtd de dkvedl `d mapdnlxëa} qtd }d xdcjdxdg a ea avxlvjamjýg `de pxahaol drmd« `dgpd dg de kaxml `d xdeamjlgd} mavjpaej}pa} `d vxl`tmmjýg gl jkvejma de }tvtd}pl `d qtd ea dml« glkëa drvlxpa`lxa eapjglakdxjmaga }d `a za }l« hxd ea ha}d `d ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa' Xdmtxxj« kl} a `jmba} mapdnlxëa} dg de d}vëxjpt `d ea} lh« } d x s a m j l g d } kdpl`leýnjma} qtd asagakl} ae jgj« mjax d}pd pxahaol% l }da% vlxqtd vdxkjpdg maxampdxj« ax kdolx el} cdgýkdgl} qtd vxdpdg`dkl} d}pt« `jax z pakhjêg vlxqtd jg`jmag ea `jxdmmjýg bamja ea mtae ê}pl} pjdg`dg' Vlx lpxa vaxpd% gl d} dg xj« nlx gdmd}axjl qtd drj}pa de jgpdxmakhjl `d}jntae vaxa qtd dkvjdmdg a otnax el} kdmagj}kl} `d dr« pxammjýg `d vet}saeëa kdgmjlga`l}9 de }jkved bd« mbl `d ea sjgmteamjýg ae kdxma`l ktg`jae% z ea mlgsdx}jýg mlg}jntjdgpd `d ea vxl`tmmjýg `d sael« xd} `d t}l a ea `d saelxd} `d makhjl qtd deel ama« xxda% pjdgd mlkl xd}tepa`l jgkd`japl `d}apax tg acág `d nagagmja qtd }d stdesd pagpl ká} `d}dg« cxdga`l mtagpl ká} apxa}a`l d} de kl`l `d vxl« `tmmjýg drj}pdgpd' drj}pdgpd' Mlkl el el }dñ }dñae aeaa Kaxr% Kaxr% ― Y ' ' ' [ pag vxlgpl mlkl el} vtdhel} mtzl xênjkdg `d vxl`tmmjýg }d sdgëa `d}dgslesjdg`l dg ea} clxka} vxjkjpjsa} `d ea d}measjpt`% vxd}pamjlgd} `d sa}aeea+ Ma vjpae% J% RRJS% v' 464% }thx' lxjn' 1: D e Mavjpae%
=:
od o d % d p m '% }d s d g a p x a ë ` l } ae k d xma xm a ` l k t g ` j a e% d g de qtd jkvdxa de xênjkdg mavjpaej}pa `d vxl`tmmjýg z `lg`d }d jkvlgd a pl`l de jgpdxê} `d `ax }aej`a a el} vxl`tmpl} vaxa de drpxagodxl% el} plxkdgpl} háxhaxl} `d ea d}measjpt`% `d ea }dxsj`tkhxd `d ea nedha% dpm'% }d sdg amxdmdgpa`l} vlx el} plxkdgpl} mjsj mjsjej eja a`l} `l} `de pxahaol drmd` dr md` dgpd‛ '86 De dcdmpl `de jgpdxma jgpd xmak k hjl `d}jntae d} ‐dg ea ea k d`j`a d` j`a qt d ed ed vlgd vlg d lh}pámtel} a }t }t vedga }apj}c }apj}cammjýg‐ ammjýg‐ de `d dramdxhax d}d acág `d nagagmja z ant`jax vlx p a g p l el} kêpl`l} `d d r p x a m m j ý g `de pxahaol drmd« `dgpd' Ablxa hjdg% el} pxd} kdmagj}kl} j`dgpjcjma`l} +ea jgpdg}jcjmamjýg `de pxahaol% ea vxlelgnamjýg `d ea olxga`a `d pxahaol z ea drvxlvjamjýg `d vaxpd `de pxahaol gdmd}axjl ae lhxdxl vaxa xdvlgdx }t ctdx ctdxaa `d pxaha ol‐ mlgc mlgcjntxag ntxag tg k l`l `d vxl« `tmmjýg ctg`a`l drmet}jsakdgpd dg ea kazlx dr« velpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx% z gl dg de `d}axxleel `d }t mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa' D}pl d} mlgnxtdgpd mlg de haol gjsde `d `d}axxleel `d ea} ctdxa} vxl`tmpj+ D e Mavjpae% J% SJJJ% v' 121' Kaxr aña`d? ―Vlx d}l dg el} 86 d}pa`l} glxpdakdxjmagl} `de }tx de pxahaol `d el} gdnxl} mlg}dxsý mjdxpl }tasd maxámpdx vapxjaxmae kjdgpxa} ea vxl`tmmjýg }d mjxmtg}« mxjhëa }t}pagmjaekdgpd a ea} vxlvja} gdmd}j`a`d}' Vdxl% pag vxlgpl mlkl ea drvlxpamjýg `d aenl`ýg va}ý a }dx tg xd}lxpd sjpae vaxa aqtdeel} d}pa`l}% ea drvelpamjýg jgpdg}jsa `de gdnxl }d mlgsjxpjý dg camplx `d tg }j}pdka maemtea`l z maemtea`lx% eednag`l a `ax}d ma}l} `d anlpax}d dg }jdpd añl} `d pxahaol ea sj`a `de pxahaoa`lx' Ablxa% za gl }d pxapaha `d axxagmaxed tga mjdxpa magpj`a` `d vxl`tmpl} v xl` ` t mmjý mm jýg g `d vet}s vet }saeëa aeëa ÿpjed}' Ablxa% pl`l njxaha dg plxgl a ea vxl vl v l x ea v et}sa et} saeëa eëa kj}ka kj} ka'' Z lpxl pagpl amlgpdmjý mlg ea} vxd} vx d}pa pamj mjl« l« @agthjl' ‛ Jhj`'% }thx% gd} `d sa}aeeaod% s' nx' dg el} vxjgmjva`l} `de @agthjl'‛ lxjn'
06
sa} dg ea dmlglkëa eapjglakdxjmaga% vdxl pakhjêg mlg el} pjvl} `d ampjsj`a`d} qtd aeeë }d xdaejag' Dg dcdmpl% ká} qtd dg ea jg`t}pxja cahxje% `lg`d tg atkdgpl `d pxahaol jkvejma vlx el kdgl} tg kazlx na}pl `d kapdxja} vxjka}% dg ea jg`t}pxja drpxampjsa z dg ea anxjmteptxa de dcdmpl `de atkdg« pl `d pxahaol }lhxd el} dedkdgpl} `de mavjpae mlg}« pagpd }lg ktmbl kdgl} }dg}jhed}% }jdg`l vl}jhed% vlx ea }jkved ammjýg `de blkhxd }lhxd ea gaptxaed« a% jgmxdkdgpax ea xjqtda vxl`tmj`a }jg tg mavj« p a e a ` j m j l g a e ' 81
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pagmja}% ea ampjsj`a` vxl`tmpjsa }d ha}a }lhxd pl`l dg de t}l drpdg}jsl d jgpdg}jsl `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol? d}pl vdxkjpd haoax ea mlkvl}jmjýg+saelx `de mavjpae% el qtd% atga`l a ea jgpdg}jcjmamjýg `de nxa`l `d drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol% bamd qtd }d ded« sdg }jktepágdakdgpd ea} mtlpa} `d vet}saeëa z `d nagagmja' Jkvlxpa }dñaeax a`dká} qtd% dg el} pxd} kdma« gj}kl} mlg}j`dxa`l}% ea maxampdxë}pjma d}dgmjae d}pá `a`a vlx de bdmbl `d qtd }d ed gjdna ae pxahaoa`lx ea} mlg`jmjlgd} gdmd}axja} vaxa xdvlgdx de `d}na}pd `d }t ctdxa `d pxahaol? dg el} `l} vxjkdxl} ma« }l}% vlxqtd }d ed lhejna a tg `j}vdg`jl `d ctdxa `d pxahaol }tvdxjlx ae qtd `dhdxëa vxlvlxmjlgax glxk gl xkaek aekdgpd% dgpd% vxlslmág`l}d vxlslmág`l }d a}ë }t anlpak jdgpl vxdkaptxl9 dg de ÿepjkl% vlxqtd }d ed xdpjxa jgmet« }l ea vl}jhjej`a` `d mlg}tkjx el d}pxjmpakdgpd jg+ D e Mavjpae% Mav jpae% J% RRJJ% 0% vv' 462+46:' 81 Mc' De
01
`j}vdg}ahed vaxa mlg}dxsax }t ctdxa `d pxahaol dg d}pa`l glxkae' Dg pêxkjgl} mavjpaej}pa}% d}pl} kd« magj}kl} "qtd a`dká} }d vtd`dg `ax% z glxkae« kdgpd }d `ag% dg clxka mlkhjga`a* }jngjcjmag qtd de pxahaol }d xdktgdxa vlx `dhaol `d }t sa« elx%8 elx%88 z mlxxd}vl mlxxd }vlg` g`dg dg%% vtd}% a tga tg a }tvdxdrv }tv dxdrvelpa+ elpa+ mjýg `de pxahaol' D} el qtd drvejma qtd baza }j`l vxdmj}akdgpd dg ea} lga} `d`jma`a} a ea vxl`tmmjýg vaxa ea dr« vlxpamjýg `lg`d de xênjkdg `d pxahaol a}aeaxja`l }d jkvt}l vxjkdxl% jgjmjag`l de vxlmd}l `d pxag}«
clxkamjýg `d ea} xdeamjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg dg Akêxjma Eapjga' D} ÿpje pdgdx vxd}dgpd qtd ea vxl« `tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa }tvlgd ea avxlvjamjýg `jxdmpa `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol% z gl }ýel `d el} vxl`tm« pl} `de pxahaol9 dg d}pd }dgpj`l% ea d}measjpt` d} tg kl`l `d pxahaol qtd }d a`dmÿa ká} ae mavjpae qtd ea }dxsj`tkhxd% gl }jdg`l ammj`dgpae qtd ea} dkvxd}a} mlelgjaed} `jxdmpakdgpd mlgdmpa`a} mlg el} mdg pxl} pxl } mavjpaej}pa} dtxlv dt xlvdl} dl} ‐mlk l ea} ea} kjga} `d lxl z veapa `d Kêrjml z Vdxÿ% l ea} veagpamjl« gd} mañdxa} `d Hxa} Hxa}je je‐ ‐ }d a}dgpaxag }lhxd de de pxa« haol ha ol d}measl' d}measl'8= Vdxl% Vd xl% }aes }aesl l dg ea b jvý jv ý pd}j} pd }j} `d qtd qt d 88
―Pl`a saxjamjýg dg ea kangjpt`% drpdg}jsa l jgpdg}jsa% `de pxaha pxahaool acdmp acdmpaa Y ' ' ' [ de saelx `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol% dg ea kd`j`a dg qtd amdedxa }t `d}na}pd'‛ `d}na}pd' ‛ Pxa`tmmjýg ejpdxae `d D e Mavjpae% J % RS JJ% jj% jj% v' 161>% 161 >% Veêja`d' Mc' d`jmjýg CMD % plk l J% RS% jj% jj% v' 0=:' 0= :' 8= Tg cdgýkdgl }jkjeax }d lh}dxsa dg Dtxlva% dg el} aehlxd} `d ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa' Ha}pa agaejax ká} `d mdxma ea kagdxa mýkl }d xdaeja aeeë de va}l `de cdt`aej}kl ae mavjpaej}kl vaxa `ax« }d mtdgpa qtd ea mlg`jmjýg `de pxahaoa`lx% ae }aejx `de d}pa`l `d }dxsj`tkhxd% }d a}dkdoa ká} a ea `de d}measl qtd a ea `de kl`dxgl lhxdxl a}aeaxja`l' Mc' D e Mavjpae% J% RRSJJJ'
08
ea lcdxpa `d pxahaol }da plpaekdgpd deá}pjma "el qtd gl }d sdxjcjma mlg ea kagl `d lhxa d}measa dg Akêxjma Eapjga% a vaxpjx `d ea }dntg`a kjpa` `de }jnel RJR*% de xênjkdg `d pxahaol d}measl mlg}pjpt« zd tg lh}pámtel ae xdhaoakjdgpl jg`j}mxjkjga`l `d ea xdktgdxamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx' ―Dg de ma}l `de d}measl de }aeaxjl këgjkl avaxdmd mlkl tga kangjpt` mlg}pagpd% jg`dvdg`jdgpd `d }t pxahaol' Dg de ma}l `de pxahaoa`lx ejhxd d}pd saelx `d }t ma« va v a m j`a j` a ` ` d pxahaol pxa haol z de }aeaxjl kd`jl qtd mlxxd}« v l g ` d ae k j } k l g l d } p á g m l g p d g j ` l } ` d g p x l ` d d}l} eëkjpd} vxd`d}pjga`l}% jg`dvdg`jdgpd} `d }t vxlvjl pxahaol% `dpdxkjga`l} vlx }t} gdmd}j`a`d} vtxakdgpd cë}jma}' Ea kd`ja d} aqtë ká} l kdgl} mlg}pagpd vaxa ea mea}d% mlkl de saelx `d pl`a} ea} kdxmagmëa}% vdxl gl drj}pd dg d}pa xdaej`a` jgkd« `japa vaxa de lhxdxl jg`jsj`tae mtzl }aeaxjl vtd`d d}pax vlx dgmjka l vlx `dhaol `d d}d këgjkl'‛ këgjkl' ‛ 80 Dg lpxl} pêxkjgl}% de xênjkdg `d pxahaol d}measl% }aesl mlg`jmjlgd} drmdvmjlgaed} `de kdxma`l `d kagl `d lhxa% d} jgmlkvapjhed mlg ea }tvdxdrvel+ pamjýg `de pxahaol' Gl va}a el kj}kl mlg de pxa« haol a}aeaxja`l z% dg kdglx kd`j`a% mlg de pxaha« ol o l }dxsje' Jg}j}pakl} Jg}j}pakl} dg d}pd d}pd vt v t gpl' gp l' Ea }tvdxjlxj`a` }tvdxjlxj`a` `de `de mavjpaej}kl }lhxd ea} `dká} clxka} `d vxl`tmmjýg kdxmagpje% z }t `jcdxdgmja há}jma dg xdeamjýg a deea}% xd}j`d dg qtd el qtd pxag}clxka dg kdxmag+ 80 Mavëptel SJ "jgê`jpl*% lv' mjp'% vv' 32+3:% }thx' lxjn'
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mëa gl d} ae ae pxahaoa`lx pxaha oa`lx + l }da% de pjdkvl plpae pl pae `d drj}pdgmja `de pxahaoa`lx% mlg pl`l} el} vtgpl} ktdxpl} qtd ê}pd jkvejma `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa `d ea vxl`tmmjýg‐}jgl ká} hjdg }t ctdxa `d pxa« haol% d} `dmjx% de pjdkvl `d }t drj}pdgmja tpjeja+ hed vaxa ea vxl`tmmjýg% `doag`l ae kj}kl pxahaoa« `lx de mtj`a`l `d bamdx}d maxnl `de pjdkvl gl vxl`tmpjsl% `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa mavjpaej}pa' D} ê}pa ea xaýg vlx ea mtae% ae }thlx`jgax}d tga dml« glkëa d}measj}pa ae kdxma`l mavjpaej}pa ktg`jae% ea ant`jamjýg `d ea drvelpamjýg `de d}measl }d amdgpÿa% za qtd jgpdxd}a dgplgmd} a }t vxlvjdpaxjl xd`tmjx }t} pjdkvl} ktdxpl} vaxa ea vxl`tmmjýg z bamdx mljgmj`jx de pjdkvl vxl`tmpjsl mlg de pjdk« vl `d drj}pdgmja `de pxahaoa`lx' Vdxl% mlkl }dñaea Kaxr% ―de d}measj}pa mlkvxa lhxdxl} mlkl vl`xëa mlkvxax mahaeel}' Ae vdx`dx ae d}measl% vjdx`d tg mavjpae qtd }d sd lhejna`l a xdvlgdx kd`jagpd tga gtdsa jgsdx}jýg dg de kdx« ma`l `d d}me d}measl asl}‛ }‛ '84 Ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de d}« measl% qtd vxlelgna }t olxga`a `d pxahaol ká} aeeá `d el} eëkjpd} cj}jleýnjml} a`kj}jhed} z }d }ae`a gd« md}axjakdgpd mlg }t anlpakjdgpl vxdkaptxl% vlx ktdxpd l jgmavamj`a`% }ýel vtd`d `ax}d% vtd}% }j d} vl}jhed xdvlgdx mlg camjej`a` ea kagl `d lhxa `d}na}pa `d}na}pa`a' `a' ― El} makvl} makv l} `d axxl `d Ndlxnja z el} vagpagl} `de Kj}}j}}jvj jgcetzdg pae sd `d tg kl`l capaekdgpd `d}pxtmplx }lhxd ea mlg}pjptmjýg D e Mavjpae% J% SJJJ% 4% v' 862' 84 De
00
btkaga9 }jg dkhaxnl% d}pd axxa}akjdgpl `d sj`a} btkaga} gl d} pag nxag`d% qtd gl vtd`a }dx mlk« vdg}a`l vlx el} mdxma`l} xdhl}agpd} `d Sjxnjgja z Idgptmiz' Aqtdeel} kjxakjdgpl} dmlgýkjml} qtd vl`ëag lcxdmdx tga d}vdmjd `d }aesantax`ja `de pxapl btkagl `a`l a el} d}measl} kjdgpxa} ea mlg« }dxsamjýg `d ea sj`a `d ê}pl} }d j`dgpjcjmaha mlg de jgpdxê} `d }t} }dñlxd}% }d pxlmaxlg ae jkveagpax}d de mlkdxmjl `d d}measl}% dg lpxl} pagpl} klpjsl} `d d}pxtoakjdgpl jkveamahed `d }t} dgdxnëa}% vtd} p a g v x l g p l m l k l ea s a m a g p d v x l ` t m j ` a v l x t g d }
measl vtd`d }dx mthjdxpa kd`jagpd ea jkvlxpamjýg `d gdnxl} `d lpxl} mdxma`l}% ea `txamjýg `d }t sj« `a md`d dg jkvlxpagmja% kjdgpxa} `txa% a }t vxl« dsj`dgmja mlgpxa ml gpxaxja xja v xtdha xtd ha el `tmpjsj`a`' ‛ 83 Ea dsj`dgmja kj}kl? dg de Hxa}je `d ea }dntg`a kjpa` `de }jnel va}a`l% mtag`l }d jgjmjaha de atnd `de macê de bd« mbl `d qtd de pxácjml `d d}measl} bthjdxa }j`l }t« vxjkj`l vxjk j`l dg 1246 bjl ea k agl `d lhxa d}me d}meaasa pag vlml apxampjsa a el} pdxxapdgjdgpd} `de }tx qtd ê}pl} vxdcjxjdxlg amt`jx ae xênjkdg a}aeaxja`l% kd« `jagpd ea jgkjnxamjýg dtxlvda% a`dká} `d caslxd« mdx tga vleëpjma pdg`jdgpd a }tvxjkjx ea d}measjpt`' Xdmlx`dkl} qtd tga vaxpd jkvlxpagpd `d ea vl« heamjýg d}measa }d dgmlgpxaha dg ea `dma`dgpd lga atmaxdxa `de glx`d}pd z qtd de `d}axxleel `de mavjpaej}kl anxaxjl dg de }tx jkvlgëa }t ejhd« xamjýg% a cjg `d mlg}pjptjx tg kdxma`l ejhxd `d 83 Majxgd}% mjp' dg D e Mavjpae% J% SJJJ% 4% v' 86:% }thx' lxjn'
04
pxahaol' Ea mxdamjýg `d d}d kdxma`l% mlg ea edz `d ahlejmjýg `d ea d}measjpt` dg 1222% qtd mtekj« gaha tga }dxjd `d kd`j`a} nxa`taed} dg d}a `jxdm« mjýg "mlkl ea mlg`jmjýg `d blkhxd ejhxd amlx`a« `a a el} bjol} `d d}measl}% dpm'*% dpm' *% mlg}pjptzd tg cdgýkdgl `d el ká} jgpdxd}agpd9 vlx tg ea`l% }d `dcjgëa mlkl tga kd`j`a drpxdka`akdgpd xa`j« mae% qtd ejqtj`aha ea} ha}d} `d ea }lmjd`a` jkvd« xjae "ea klgaxqtëa }lhxdsjsjxá vlml ká} `d tg añl a ea ea edz `d ` d 1222* 122 2* z eednaha jgmet}l a gdnax mtaeqtjdx pjvl `d jg`dkgjamjýg a e l } a g p j n t l } vxlvjdpaxjl} `d d}measl}9 vlx lpxa vaxpd% ht}maha mlkvdg}ax de jkvampl `d }t dcdmpl% a pxasê} `d kd`j`a} `d}pjga`a} a apax de pxahaoa`lx a ea pjdxxa "ea jgmet}jýg `d tg axpëmtel dg de mý`jnl mjsje qtd sjgmteaha a ea vdx}lga ea} `dt`a} mlgpxaë`a}9 de }j}pdka `d ―haxxam íl‛% sdx`a`dxl klglvlejl `de mlkdxmjl `d hjdgd} `d mlg}tkl dodxmj`l vlx de ea« pjctg`j}pa dg de jgpdxjlx `d ea bamjdg`a% dpm'* dpm'* z `de lplxnakjdgpl `d mxê`jpl} ndgdxl}l} a el} pdxxapd« gjdgpd} acdmpa`l}' De }j}pdka kjrpl `d }dxsj`tkhxd z `d pxahaol a}aeaxja`l qtd }d d}pahedmd dg Hxa}je% ae `d}axxl« eeax}d ea dmlglkëa `d drvlxpamjýg vaxa de kdxma« `l ktg`jae% d} tga `d ea} sëa} vlx ea} mtaed} Akêxjma Eapjga eedna ae mavjpaej}kl' Lh}dxsdkl} qtd ea clxka qtd a`lvpag ea} xdeamjlgd} `d vxl« `tmmjýg dg d}d ma}l gl }d `jcdxdgmja ktmbl `de xênjkdg `d pxahaol qtd }d d}pahedmd% vlx dodkvel% dg ea} kjga} }aejpxdxa} mbjedga}% mtzl ―}j}pdka `d
03
cjmba}‛ cjmba}‛ dqtjsa dqtjsaed ed ae ― haxxamíl ha xxamíl‛‛ ' Dg lpxa } }jptamjl« gd}% qtd }d `ag }lhxd pl`l dg de vxlmd}l `d }t« hlx`jgamjýg `de jgpdxjlx a ea} lga} `d drvlxpa« mjýg% ea} xdeamjlgd} `d drvelpamjýg vtd`dg vxd}dg« pax}d ká} gëpj`akdgpd mlkl xdeamjlgd} }dxsjed}% }jg qtd deel lh}pd qtd% kd`jagpd ea drplx}jýg `de vet}vxl`tmpl ae pxahaoa`lx vlx ea ammjýg `de mavj« pae mlkdxmjae l t}txaxjl% de pxahaoa`lx }d sda jk« vejma`l dg tga drvelpamjýg `jxdmpa vlx de mavjpae% qtd pjdg`d jgmet}l a a}tkjx tg maxámpdx `d }tvdx+ drvelpamjýg'8 drvelpamjýg'8> ]jg ]jg dkhaxn dkh axnl% l% ea }dxsj`tk }dxs j`tk hxd vxd }dgpa% vaxa de mavjpaej}pa% de jgmlgsdgjdgpd `d qtd gl ed vdxkjpd `jxjnjx `jxdmpakdgpd ea vxl`tmmjýg% a`dká} `d veagpdax }jdkvxd ea vl}jhjej`a`% atgqtd }da pdýxjma% `d qtd de vxl`tmplx jgkd`japl }d dkagmjvd `d ea `dvdg`dgmja dg qtd el vlgd de ma« vjpaej}pa' Gl d}% }jg dkhaxnl% gtd}pxl vxlvý}jpl d}pt`jax aqtë ea} clxka} dmlgýkjma} vaxpjmteaxd} qtd drj}« pëag dg Akêxjma Eapjga agpd} qtd ê}pa jgnxd}axa dcdmpjsakdgpd a ea dpava mavjpaej}pa `d vxl`tm« mjýg% gj ea} sëa} a pxasê} `d ea} mtaed} ptsl etnax ea pxag}jmjýg' El qtd vxdpdg`dkl} d} pag }ýel cj+ 8>
D} a}j mlkl Kaxr }d xdcjdxd a vaë}d} ―dg qtd de pxahaol gl }d baeea pl`asëa ah}lxhj`l clxkaekdgpd vlx de mavjpae% atgqtd de lhxdxl d}pê dg xdaej`a` drvelpa`l vlx de mavjpaej}pa‛% dodkvejcjmag« `l mlg de ma}l `d Jg`ja% ―`lg`d de xzlp pxahaoa mlkl makvd}jgl jg`dvdg`jdgpd% `lg`d }t vxl`tmmjýg gl }d baeea aÿg% vlx pagpl% ah}lxhj`a vlx de mavjpae% atgqtd de t}txdxl vtd`a qtd`ax}d% haol clxka `d jgpdxê}% gl }ýel mlg }t pxahaol }lhxagpd% }jgl jgmet}l% D e baheag`l dg pêxkjgl} mavjpaej}pa}% mlg tga vaxpd `d }t }aeaxjl‛' De Mavjpae% JJJ% RJJJ% v' 813'
0>
oa o a x ea v a t p a d g q t d b a ` d eeds ee dsax} ax}dd a m a h l d}d d} d d } p t `jl% vatpa qtd mlxxd}vlg`d ae klsjkjdgpl xdae `d ea clxkamjýg `de mavjpaej}kl `dvdg`jdgpd? `d ea mjxmteamjýg mjxmteamjýg a ea ea vxl`t vxl `tmm mmjýg% jýg% `d ea sjgmteam sjgm teamjýg jýg ae ae kdxma`l ktg`jae ae jkvampl qtd deel amaxxda }l« hxd ea lxnagjamjýg jgpdxga `de pxahaol% vaxa sle« sdx dgplgmd} a xdveagpdax de vxlhedka `d ea mjxmt« eamjýg' Vlxqtd d} vxlvjl `de mavjpae mxdax }t vxl« vjl kl`l `d mjxmteamjýg% z `d d}pl `dvdg`d ea xd« vxl`tmmjýg akveja`a dg d}maea ktg`jae `de kl`l `d vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa? Y ' ' ' [ za qtd }ýel de mavjpae jkvejma ea} mlg`j« mjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg `de mavjpae% za qtd }ýel êe }apj}camd d}a} mlg`jmjlgd} z ht}ma xdaejaxea}% }t pdg`dgmja ndgdxae d} ea `d clxkax vlx pl`a} vaxpd} ea} ha}d} `d ea mjxmteamjýg% el} mdgpxl} vxl`tmplxd} `d ê}pa% z a}jkjeaxea}% d} `dmjx% mlg« sdxpjxea} dg mdgpxl} `d vxl`tmmjýg sjxptae l dcdmpjsakdgpd mxda`lxd} `d mavjpae'8 mavjpae'82 Tga sd mlgsdxpj`a dg mdgpxl vxl`tmplx `d ma« vjpae% Akêxjma Eapjga `dhdxá mxdax% vtd}% }t vxl« vjl v jl k l ` l ` d mjxm mj xmte team amjýg jýg%% de mtae gl vtd`d }dx de kj}kl qtd de qtd ctd dgndg`xa`l vlx de mavjpaej}« kl jg`t}pxjae z qtd `jl etnax a ea `dvdg`dgmja' Vaxa mlg}pjptjx tg pl`l mlkvedol% baz qtd xdmt« Vxjgmjvd} vd} ` ‚tgd mxjp m xjpjqtd jqtd `d e.êmlglk jd vlejpjqtd% dg 82 Kaxr Vxjgmj Ldtsxd}% Veêja`d% JJ% v' 840'
02
xxjx a dedkdgpl} }jkved} mlkhjgahed} dgpxd }ë% vdxl gl jntaed}' Mlkvxdg`dx ea d}vdmjcjmj`a` `de mjmel `de mavjpae dg ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdgpd eapjglakd« xjmaga }jngjcjma vlx pagpl jetkjgax de ctg`akdgpl kj}kl `d }t `dvdg`dgmja dg xdeamjýg a ea dmlgl« këa mavjpaej}pa ktg`jae' 0' D e mjme mjmel l `de ` de mavjpae dg dg ea dml gl k ëa `dvdg`jdgpd
@d}axxleeag`l }t dmlglkëa kdxmagpje% dg ctg« mjýg `de kdxma`l ktg`jae% Akêxjma Eapjga d} eed« sa`a a xdvxl`tmjx dg }t }dgl ea} xdeamjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg qtd }d dgmlgpxahag dg de lxjndg `d ea clxkamjýg `d d}d kdxma`l% z qtd `dpdxkjgahag }t maxámpdx z }t drvag}jýg'8 drvag}jýg' 8: Vdxl Vd xl d}d v xlmd xl md}l }l d}« paha kaxma`l vlx tga vxlctg`a mlgpxa`jmmjýg? eeaka`a a mla`ztsax a ea amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae mlg ha}d dg ea mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa `de pxahaol% dg el} vaë}d} mdgpxaed}% Akêxjma Eapjga `dhjý bamdxel kd`jagpd tga amtkteamjýg ctg`a`a dg ea }tvdxdr+ velpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx' Dg d}pa mlgpxa`jmmjýg xa« `jma ea ea d}dgmja d}dgmja `d ea `dvdg` `dv dg`dg dgmja mja eapjglak dxjmaga' dxjmaga ' Ea ha}d xdae }lhxd ea mtae ê}pa }d `d}axxleea }lg el} eal} qtd ejnag a ea dmlglkëa eapjglakdxjmaga mlg ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}pa ktg`jae' Gamj`a vaxa 8: ]dñaeakl} ]dñaeakl} za qt d d}pl }d `a jgjmjae jgjmjaekdgpd kdgpd dg el} el} vt gpl } `d mlgdrjýg jgkd`japa mlg de kdxma`l ktg`jae9 }ýel vxlnxd}jsakdg« pd% z aÿg blz `d kagdxa `d}jntae% de kl`l `d vxl`tmmjýg mavjpa« ej}pa jxá }thlx`jgag`l ae mlgotgpl `d ea dmlglkëa'
0:
apdg`dx a ea} drjndgmja} `d ea mjxmteamjýg mavjpaej}« pa% mtzl dod `d axpjmteamjýg d}pá mlg}pjptj`l vlx el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}% z mdgpxa`a vtd} }lhxd de kdxma`l ktg`jae% ea vxl`tmmjýg eapjglakdxjmaga gl `dv dg` d vaxa va xa }t xdaeja xdaejamjýg mjýg `d `d ea ea mavamj`a` mavamj`a` jgpdx« jg pdx« ga `d mlg}tkl' mlg}tk l' ]d lvdxa a}ë% `d}`d de v tg pl `d sj}p sj}paa `d vaë} `dvdg`jdgpd% ea }dvaxamjýg `d el} `l} kl« k dg pl} ctg`a ctg `ak k dgpaed dg paed}} `de `d e mjme mjmel l `de mavjpae mav jpae ‐ea v xl `tmmjýg z ea mjxmteamjýg `d kdxmagmëa}‐mtzl dcdm« pl d} bamdx bam dx qtd avaxdma `d k agdxa d}vdmëcjma dg ea d m l g l k ë a e a p j g l a k d x j m a g a ea e a mlgpxa`jmmjýg jgbd« xdgpd a ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa dg ndgdxae% d} `d« mjx% ea qtd lvlgd de mavjpae ae pxahaoa`lx dg pagpl qtd sdg`d` lx z mlk vxa`lx `d k dxmagmëa}'= dxmagmëa}'=6 ]d pxapa `d tg vtgpl measd vaxa dgpdg`dx de ma« xámpdx `d ea dmlglkëa eapjglakdxjmaga' Jgjmjae« kdgpd% baz qtd mlg}j`dxax qtd% dg el} vaë}d} jg« `t}pxjaed}% mtza amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae }d ha}a dg ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol% d}a lvl}jmjýg qtd nd« gdxa de `lhed maxámpdx maxá mpdx `de pxahaoa`l pxaha oa`l x ‐v xl`t xl `t mpl x z mlg} ml g}tk tk j`lx j` lx‐ ‐% atgq at gqtd td }da }da dcdmpjsa% }d }d sd dg mjdxpa kd`j`a mlgpxaxxd}pa`a vlx ea clxka qtd =6 ―M lgpxa`jmmjýg lgpxa`jm mjýg `de xênjkdg xênjkdg `d vxl`tmmjýg vxl`t mmjýg mavjpaej}pa? mavjpaej}pa? el} el} lhxdxl} mlkl mlkvxa`lxd} `d kdxmagmëa} }lg jkvlxpagpd} vaxa de kdxma`l' Vdxl% mlkl sdg`d`lxd} `d }t kdxmagmëa +ea ctdxa `d pxahaol+ ea }lmjd`a` mavjpaej}pa pjdg`d a xd`tmjxel} ae këgjktk `de vxdmjl'‛ vxdmjl' ‛ D e Mavjpae% JJ% RSJ% jjj% glpa' Kaxr jg`jma dg d}a glpa ea jgpdgmjýg jgpdgm jýg `d pxapax% pxapa x% dg ea }dmmj }dmmjýg ýg }jntjdgpd% }jntjdgpd% ea pdlxëa pdl xëa `de }thmlg}t+ }thmlg}t+ kl lhxdxl% vdxl% mlkl lh}dxsa Karjkjejdg Xthde "lv' mjp' p' JJ% v' 1>14*% gl eedna a mlgmxdpaxea' Aentgl} dedkdgpl} bahëag }j`l asag« a`l} dg el} Nxtg`xj}}d9 sêa}d Vxjgmjvd} ' '' % v' 83>+ 83>+83 832' 2'
46
a}tkd de mjmel `de mavjpae' D} a}ë mlkl% vd}d a qtd de mavjpae vxjsjednja de mlg}tkl vxl`tmpjsl `de pxahaoa`lx "l }da% de mlg}tkl `d kd`jl} `d vxl`tmmjýg qtd jkvejma de vxlmd}l `d pxahaol*% z }d jgmejga a `d}d}pjkax }t mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae "qtd de pxahaoa`lx dkveda vaxa xdvlgdx }t ctdxa `d pxahaol*% de mtae ed avaxdmd mlkl mlg}tkl jk« vxl`tmpjsl%= vxl`tmpjsl%=1 d}pl d}pl }d `a drmet}j drmet}jsakdg sakdgpd pd dg de klkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmmjýg' Ae ahxjx}d ea ca}d `d xdaejamjýg% d}pa mlgpxa`jmmjýg avaxdgpd dgpxd de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae `d el} pxahaoa`lxd} z ea xdvxl« `tmmjýg `de mavjpae `d}avaxdmd% tga sd qtd `jmbl mlg}tkl "}tka`l ae `d el} mavjpaej}pa} z `d ea} mava} jkvxl`tmpjsa} dg ndgdxae* xd}pahedmd ae mavj« pae ea clxka qtd ed d} gdmd}axja vaxa dkvdax tg gtdsl mjmel% d} `dmjx% ea clxka `jgdxl' De mlg}t« kl jg`jsj`tae `d el} pxahaoa`lxd} xdvxd}dgpa% vtd}% tg dedkdgpl `dmj}jsl dg ea mxdamjýg `d `d« kag`a vaxa ea} kdxmagmëa} vxl`tmj`a}% }jdg`l tga `d ea} mlg`jmjlgd} vaxa qtd de cetol `d ea vxl`tm« mjýg }d xd}tdesa a`dmta`akdgpd dg de cetol `d ea mjxmteamjýg'= mjxmteamjýg'=8 A pxasê} pxasê } `d ea ea k d`ja d` jamj mjýg ýg q t d d}pa« =1 @d bdmbl% bdmb l% mlk l `dktd}pxa `dk td}pxa Kaxr% Kaxr% akhl} pjvl} `d mlg}tkl mlxxd}vlg`dg a tg mlg}tkl vxl`tmpjsl% `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa `de mavjpae' Aÿg ká}% ―de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae `de pxahaoa`lx d} jk« vxl`tmpjsl vaxa êe kj}kl% vtd} gl bamd ká} qtd xdvxl`tmjx ae jg`jsj`tl gdmd}jpa`l9 d} vxl`tmpjsl vaxa de mavjpaej}pa z de D}pa`l% vtd} vxl`tmd ea ctdxa mxda`lxa `d }t xjqtda‛' Pxa`tmmjýg ejpdxae ` d D e Mavjpae% J% RRJJJ% v' 16>4% Veêja`d9 mc' d`jmjýg CMD% J% RRJ% v' 028' =8 (De mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae `de pxahaoa`lx z de `d ea vaxpd gl
41
hedmd ea etmba dgpxd lhxdxl} z vapxlgd} dg plkl a ea cjoamjýg `de gjsde `d el} }aeaxjl}% el} `l} pjvl} `d mlg}tkl `de lhxdxl pjdg`dg a}ë a mlkvedkdg« pax}d% dg de mtx}l `de mjmel `de mavjpae% }tvdxag`l ea }jptamjýg jgjmjae `d lvl}jmjýg dg qtd }d dgmlg« pxahag' D}pa d}% vlx el `dká}% tga `d ea} xalgd} vlx ea} mtaed} ea `jgákjma `de }j}pdka pjdg`d a dg« matax}d a pxasê} `d ea vet}saeëa xdeapjsa% qtd jk« vejma% dg ÿepjka jg}pagmja% de ahaxapakjdgpl `d ea} kdxmagmëa} qtd dgpxag dg ea mlkvl}jmjýg `de mlg« } t k l j g ` j s j ` t a e ` d e px px a h a o a ` l x '
Dg ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa eapjglakdxjmaga% ea} ml}a} }d `ag `d lpxa kagdxa' Mlkl ea mjxmtea« mjýg }d }dvaxa `d ea vxl`tmmjýg z }d dcdmpÿa há}j« makdgpd dg de ákhjpl `de kdxma`l drpdxgl% de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae `de pxahaoa`lx gl jgpdxcjdxd dg ea xdaejamjýg `de vxl`tmpl% atgqtd }ë `dpdxkjgd ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa' Dg mlg}dmtdgmja% ea pdg`dg« mja gaptxae `de }j}pdka }dxá ea `d drvelpax ae kárj« kl ea ctdxa `d pxahaol `de lhxdxl% }jg vxdlmtvax« }d `d mxdax ea} mlg`jmjlgd} vaxa qtd ê}pd ea xdvlg« na% }jdkvxd z mtag`l }d ed vtd`a xddkveaax kd`jagpd ea jgmlxvlxamjýg `d gtdsl} hxal} ae vxlmd}l vxl`tmpjsl' El `xakápjml vaxa ea vlhea« mjýg pxahaoa`lxa `d Akêxjma Eapjga d} qtd d}pd }tvtd}pl }d mtkvejý akvejakdgpd? ea drj}pdgmja amtktea`a `de vxl`tmpl drmd`dgpd dgnelhag ea plpaej`a` `de mlg« }tkl jg`jsj`tae' D}pd mlg`jmjlga% dg }t plpaej`a`% ea mjxmteamjýg Mavjpa e% JJ% v' 40=% Vjêja`d9 `de mavjpae'‛ mavjpae' ‛ Pxa`tmmjýg ejpdxae `d D e Mavjpae% mc' CMD% JJ% v' 20'
48
`d xd}dxsa} `d kagl `d lhxa jg`ëndga "mlkl dg Kêrjml* l el} cetol} kjnxaplxjl} `dxjsa`l} `de `d}« veaakjdgpl `d kagl `d lhxa dtxlvda% vxlslma`l vlx de vxlnxd}l pdmgleýnjml "mlkl dg ]t`akêxj+ ma*% vdxkjpjdxlg atkdgpax mlg}pagpdkdgpd ea ka« }a pxahaoa`lxa% ba}pa vxjgmjvjl} `d d}pd }jnel' ]t xd}tepa`l ba }j`l de `d ahxjx ejhxd mtx}l a ea mlk« vxd}jýg `de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae `de lhxdxl z% vlx pagpl% a ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxahaol' Ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa d}% vtd}% aenl ká} q t d de v x l ` t m p l ` d t g a d m l g l k ë a jgpdxgamjlgae ctg`a`a dg ea d}vdmjaejamjýg vxl`tmpjsa? d} tga clxkamjýg }lmjae ha}a`a dg de kl`l mavjpaej}pa `d vxl`tmmjýg% qtd amdgpÿa ba}pa de eëkjpd ea} mlg« pxa`jmmjlgd} qtd ed }lg vxlvja}' Ae bamdxel% mlgcj« ntxa `d kagdxa d}vdmëcjma ea} xdeamjlgd} `d drvel« pamjýg dg qtd }d ha}a% z mxda tg mjmel `d mavjpae qtd pjdg`d a xdvxl`tmjx dg d}maea akveja`a ea `dvdg`dgmja dg qtd }d dgmtdgpxa cxdgpd a ea ―ml+ glkëa jgpdxgamjlgae' D} a}ë mlkl de }amxjcjmjl `de mlg}tkl jg`jsj« `tae `d el} pxahaoa`lxd} dg axa} `d ea drvlxpamjýg ae kdxma`l ktg`jae `dvxjkd el} gjsded} `d `d« kag`a jgpdxga z dxjnd ae kdxma`l ktg`jae dg ÿgj« ma }aej`a vaxa ea vxl`tmmjýg' Vaxaedeakdgpd% de jgmxdkdgpl `d ea} nagagmja} qtd `d d}pl }d `dxjsa vlgd ae mavjpaej}pa dg mlg`jmjlgd} `d `d}axxleeax drvdmpapjsa} `d mlg}tkl }jg mlgpxavaxpj`a dg ea vxl`tmmjýg jgpdxga "lxjdgpa`a bamja de kdxma`l
4=
ktg`jae*% drvdmpapjsa} qtd pjdgdg qtd }apj}camdx}d a pxasê} `d jkvlxpamjlgd}' Ea }dvaxamjýg dgpxd de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae ctg`a`l dg de }aeaxjl z de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae dgndg`xa`l vlx ea vet}saeëa gl amtktea`a `a% vtd}% lxjndg a tga d}pxapjcjma« mjýg `de kdxma`l jgpdxgl% qtd d} pakhjêg tga `j« cdxdgmjamjýg `d d}cdxa} `d mjxmteamjýg? kjdgpxa} ea d}cd d}cdxa xa ― haoa‛ % dg qtd vaxpjmjvag vaxpjmjvag el} pxahaoa`lxd} pxahaoa`lxd} ‐q t ê de }j}pdka }d d}ctdxa v l x xd}pxjgnjx‐ xd}pxjg njx‐ }d ha« }a dg ea vxl`tmmjýg jgpdxga% ea d}cdxa ―aepa‛ `d m j x m t e a m j ý g % v x l v j a a e l } g l p x a h a o a ` l x d } ‐q ‐q t d d }
ea q t d de }j}pdka }j}pdk a pjdg`d pjdg` d a dg}ag dg }agmb mbax‐ ax‐%% }d dgpxl dg pxlg gma mlg ea vxl`tmmjýg drpdxga% a pxasê} `de mlkdxmjl `d jkvlxpamjýg' Ea axklgëa qtd }d d}pahedmd% a gjsde `de kdxma« `l ktg`jae% dgpxd ea drvlxpamjýg `d kapdxja} vxj« ka} z aejkdgpl}% vlx vaxpd `d Akêxjma Eapjga% z ea jkvlxpamjýg `d hjdgd} `d mlg}tkl kagtcampt« xa`l} dtxlvdl}% dgmthxd ea `jeamdxamjýg `d ea dml« glkëa eapjglakdxjmaga% drvxd}a`a vlx ea d}mj}jýg `de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae plpae dg `l} d}cdxa} mlg« pxavtd}pa}' Mtag`l% eedna`l de }j}pdka mavjpaej}pa ktg`jae a tg mjdxpl nxa`l `d }t `d}axxleel% Akê« xjma Eapjga jgnxd}d dg ea dpava `d ea jg`t}pxjaeja« mjýg% `dhdxá bamdxel a vaxpjx `d ea} ha}d} mxda`a} vlx ea dmlglkëa `d drvlxpamjýg' Ea vxlctg`a mlgpxa`jmmjýg qtd bahxá maxampdxja`l ae mjmel `de mavjpae `d d}a dmlglkëa% z }t} dcdmpl} }lhxd ea drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol% jgmj`jxág `d kagdxa `dmj«
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}jsa dg de mtx}l qtd plkaxá ea dmlglkëa jg`t}« pxjae eapjglakdxjmaga% drvejmag`l ktmbl} `d el} vxlhedka} z `d ea} pdg`dgmja} qtd dg deea }d vxd« }dgpag amptaekdgpd' 4' D e vxlmd}l vxlmd }l ` d jg`t}pxjaej jg`t}pxjaejamjýg amjýg
Gl mahd aqtë dgpxax a agaejax de vxlmd}l `d jg« `t}pxjaejamjýg dg Akêxjma Eapjga% gj ktmbl kd« gl} plkax vaxpj`l dg ea amptae mlgpxlsdx}ja }lhxd d e v a v d e q t d d g d }d v x l m d } l ` d } d k v d ñ ý ea } t } p jp t
mjýg `d jkvlxpamjlgd}' jkvl xpamjlgd}'= == Vaxa Vax a el} cjgd} cjg d} q t d gl} bdkl} vxlvtd}pl% d} }tcjmjdgpd bamdx glpax qtd% vlx }jngjcjmapjsl qtd bthjdxa }j`l de `d}axxleel jg+ ==
Ea pd}j} `d ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg }t}pjptpjsa `d jkvlxpamjlgd} xdvxd}dgpý tg dedkdgpl há}jml dg ea j`dlelnëa `d}axxleej}pa% mtzl nxag dvënlgl ctd ea Mlkj}jýg Dmlgýkjma `d ea} Gamjlgd} Tgj`a} vaxa ea Akêxjma Eapjga "MDVAE*9 de pxahaol meá}jml dg d}pd }dgpj`l d} de `d Kaxëa `a Mlgmdj îí l Pasaxd}% }lhxd ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg hxa« }jedña% vthejma`l lxjnjgaekdgpd dg Tgjpd` Gapjlg}% ―Pbd Nxl~pb D m l g l k jm H teed te edpj pjg g ag` @dmejgd lc Jkvtp ]th}pjptpjlg jg Hxaje‛% Dm cl c l x E a pjg pj g A k dxjm dx jma a % sle' JR% g' 1% kaxl `d 1:30' Dg el} añl} xdmjdgpd}% d}a pd}j} ba }j`l lhodpl `d `j}mt}jlgd} qtd% }j gl eednag a xd}paxed saej`d% pjdg`dg a kapjax de vavde `d}dkvdña`l vlx ea }t}pjptmjýg `d jkvlxpamjlgd} dg de vxlmd}l `d jg`t}pxjaejamjýg `d Akêxjma Eapjga9 tg htdg dodkvel `d deel d} de axpëmtel `d @lg E' Bt``ed% ―Xdcedr ôd} }lhxd a jg`t}pxjaeja îí l hxa}jedjxa? clgpd} `d X d s j}pa j} pa Hxa+ Hxa+ mxd}mjkdgpl d `a kt`ag î a d}pxtp d}pxtptxae txae + 1:0>,1:3=‛ ' Xd }jedjxa `d Dmlglkëa% sle RRJJJ% g' 8% otgjl `d 1:3:' Vlx lpxa vax« pd% aentgl} atplxd} }d bag vxdlmtva`l `d d}pt`jax ea }jptamjýg `d ea jg`t}pxja dg ea dmlglkëa eapjglakdxjmaga agpd} `d qtd }d amded« xaxa ea }t}pjptmjýg `d jkvlxpamjlgd}9 d} }jngjcjmapjsl% dg d}pa eëgda Ba mja t g a pjvle pjv leln lnëa ëa `d jgsd}pjnamjýg% de dg}azl `d Sagja Hakhjxxa% Bamja `d ea `dvdg`dgmja' Jg`t}pxjaejamjýg Jg`t}pxjaejamjýg z d}pxtmptxa }lmjl+dm }lmjl+dmlgýkj lgýkjma% ma% MD]L% Tgjsdx}j`a` `d Mbjed% @lmtkdgpl `d Pxahaol% kjkdl% 1:>1'
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`t}pxjae dg de }dgl `d ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa "z% vlx mlg}jntjdgpd% dg ea drpdg}jýg `de kdxma`l jgpdxgl*% dg vaë}d} mlkl Axndgpjga% Kêrjml% Hxa« }je z lpxl}% gl eedný gtgma a mlgclxkax tga sdx`a« `dxa dmlglkëa jg`t}pxjae% qtd% `dcjgjdg`l de ma« xámpdx z de }dgpj`l `d ea amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae% amaxxdaxa tg makhjl mtaejpapjsl dg de `d}axxleel dmlgýkjml `d d}l} vaë}d}' Vlx de mlgpxaxjl% ea jg« `t}pxja }jntjý }jdg`l aeeë tga ampjsj`a` }thlx`j« ga`a a ea vxl`tmmjýg z drvlxpamjýg `d hjdgd} vxj« kaxjl}% qtd mlg}pjptëag% ê}pl} }ë% de mdgpxl sjpae `de vxlmd}l `d amtkteamjýg'= amtkteamjýg'=0 D} pag pa g }ýel mta mt a g `l ea mxj}j} `d ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}pa jgpdxgamjl« gae% mlxxd}vlg`jdgpd ae vdxjl`l qtd kd`ja dgpxd ea vxjkdxa z ea }dntg`a ntdxxa} ktg`jaed}% lh}« pamteja ea amtkteamjýg ha}a`a dg ea vxl`tmmjýg vaxa de kdxma`l drpdxgl% qtd de dod `d ea amtkt« eamjýg }d `d}veaa bamja ea jg`t}pxja% `ag`l lxjndg a ea kl`dxga dmlglkëa jg`t}pxjae qtd vxdsaedmd dg ea xdnjýg' @d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa qtd gl} jgpdxd}a% d}pl =0 D} jgpdxd}agpd bamdx gl pax qtd ea jg`t}pxja mlkvedkdgpaxja a ea drvlxpamjýg xdvxd}dgpý de }dmplx ká} ampjsl `d ea} ampjsj`a`d} jg`t}pxjaed} dg ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa' D} a}ë mlkl el} `apl} `j}vlgjhed} vaxa ea Axndgpjga ktd}pxag qtd% dg 12:4% de mavjpae jg« sdxpj`l dg ea jg`t}pxja qtd vxl`tmëa vaxa de kdxma`l jgpdxgl dxa `d mdxma `d 1>4 kjeelgd} `d vd}l}% mlgpxa ká} `d 826 kjeelgd} jgsdxpj`l} dg ea jg`t}pxja sjgmtea`a a ea drvlxpamjýg9 dg ea vxjkdxa% de mavjpae vxlkd`jl vlx dkvxd}a dxa `d }ýel 16 kje vd}l}% mlgcjnt« xag`l meaxakdgpd tg }dmplx axpd}agae% kjdgpxa} qtd dg ea }dntg`a a}mdg`ëa a 166 kje vd}l}' Mc' Xlhdxpl Mlxpê} Mlg`d% ―Vxlhedka} A xndg dgpj pjg g a % }lmjd }l mjd`a `a` ` ` d ka}a}' D`' `de mxdmjkjdgpl jg`t}pxjae‛% dg Axn Dt`dha% Htdgl} Ajxd}% 1:34'
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}jngjcjma qtd ea d}cdxa aepa `d ea mjxmteamjýg% qtd }d axpjmteaha mlg ea lcdxpa drpdxga `d hjdgd} ka« gtcamptxa`l} `d mlg}tkl% `j}elma }t mdgpxl `d nxasd`a` bamja ea vxl`tmmjýg jgpdxga% va}ag`l }t vaxáhlea a mljgmj`jx nxl}}l kl`l mlg ea qtd `d}« mxjhd ea d}cdxa haoa% vxlvja a ea} ka}a} pxahaoa`l« xa}' Vaxdmjdxa }dx% a}ë% qtd de klsjkjdgpl drmêgpxj« ml qtd vxd}dgpaha ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa dk« vdaha a mlxxdnjx}d% z qtd de mavjpaej}kl `dvdg« `jdgpd }d lxjdgpaha dg de }dgpj`l `d tga mlgcjnt« x a m j ý g } j k j e a x a e a ` d e l } v a ë } d } j g ` t } p x j a e d } m eá eá } j
ml}' Ctd }lhxd d}pa ha}d qtd vxl}vdxaxlg% dg ea `ê« ma`a `d 1:46% ea} `j}pjg pa} mlxxjdgpd} mlxxjdg pd} eeaka`a} eeaka`a} `d}axxleej}pa}% qtd }tvlgëag qtd el} vxlhedka} dmlgýkjml} z }lmjaed} qtd aqtdoahag a ea clxka« mjýg }lmjae eapjglakdxjmaga }d `dhëag a tga jg}tcj« mjdgmja `d }t `d}axxleel mavjpaej}pa% z qtd ea amded« xamjýg `d ê}pd ha}paxëa vaxa bamdxel} `d}avaxdmdx' @d bdmbl% ea} }jkjejpt`d} avaxdgpd} `d ea dmlgl« këa jg`t}pxjae `dvdg`jdgpd mlg ea dmlglkëa jg« `t}pxjae meá}jma dgmthxëag vxlctg`a} `jcdxdgmja}% qtd de `d}axxleel mavjpaej}pa amdgptaxëa dg etnax `d apdgtax' Ea xdlxjdgpamjýg bamja de jgpdxjlx `d ea `dkag`a ndgdxa`a vlx ea vet}saeëa gl amtktea`a jkvejmaha za tg kdmagj}kl d}vdmëcjml `d mxda« mjýg `de kdxma`l jgpdxgl xa`jmaekdgpd `j}pjgpl `de qtd lvdxaxa dg ea dmlglkëa meá}jma z qtd pdg« `xëa nxasd} xdvdxmt}jlgd} dg ea clxka qtd a}tkj« xëa ea dmlglkëa jg`t}pxjae `dvdg`jdgpd'
4>
Dg ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}pa meá}jma% ea clxkamjýg `de kdxma`l jgpdxgl xdvxd}dgpa ea mlgpxavaxpj`a `d ea amtkteamjýg `de mavjpae? ae }dvaxax ae vxl« `tmplx `d el} kd`jl} `d vxl`tmmjýg% de mavjpae gl }ýel mxda ae a}aeaxja`l% d} `dmjx% ae pxahaoa`lx qtd }ýel `j}vlgd `d }t ctdxa `d pxahaol% }jgl qtd pakhjêg mxda ae mlg}tkj`lx' Dg dcdmpl% el} kd« `jl} `d }th}j}pdgmja `de lhxdxl% agpd} vxl`tmj`l} `jxdmpakdgpd vlx êe% }d jgmlxvlxag ae mavjpae% ml« kl dedkdgpl kapdxjae `de mavjpae saxjahed% z }ýel } d x d } p j p t z d g a e p x a h a o a ` l x t g a s d q t d ê } pd pd m l k
vxa }t saelx haol ea clxka `d }aeaxjl'=4 }aeaxjl'=4 Drj}pd% vtd}% tga d}pxdmba mlxxd}vlg`dgmja dgpxd de xjpkl `d ea amtkteamjýg z de `d ea drvag}jýg `de kdxma« `l' Ea vl}jhjej`a` qtd pjdgd de mavjpaej}pa jg`t}« pxjae `d lhpdgdx dg de drpdxjlx% a vxdmjl haol% el} aejkdgpl} gdmd}axjl} ae pxahaoa`lx% mlg`tmd a d}« pxdmbax de gdrl dgpxd ea amtkteamjýg z de kdxma« `l% tga sd qtd atkdgpa ea vaxpd `de mlg}tkl jg« `jsj`tae `de lhxdxl `d`jma`a a ea ah}lxmjýg `d vxl`tmpl} kagtcamptxa`l}' D} vlx deel qtd ea vxl`tmmjýg jg`t}pxjae% dg d}d pjvl `d dmlglkëa% }d mdgpxa há}jmakdgpd dg el} hjdgd} `d mlg}tkl vlvteax z vxlmtxa ahaxapaxel}% tga sd qtd jgmj« `dg `jxdmpakdgpd dg de saelx `d ea ctdxa `d pxa« haol z v l x pag pa g pl ‐dg ea ea k d`j`a d` j`a dg qtd qt d ea ea} mlg`j« mlg` j« =4 Ea xdvxl`tmm xdvxl `tmmjýg jýg akveja`a `d d}pa xdeamjýg mlg}pjptz ml g}pjptzdd ea d}dg« mja kj}ka `d ea xdvxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa9 mc' vaxpjmteaxkdgpd De D e Mavjpae% J% RRJS'
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mjlgd} dg qtd }d `a ea etmba dgpxd lhxdxl} z va« pxlgd} pjdg`d a amdxmax a el} }aeaxjl} a d}d saelx« dg ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa' Sjkl} za qtd ê}pa d} ea xaýg ctg`akdgpae vlx ea mtae ea dmlglkëa mavj« paej}pa meá}jma `dhd lxjdgpax}d bamja de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol' De `d}axxleel `d}axxleel `d ` d ea amtkteamjýg amtk teamjýg ha}a`a dg dg ea v xl `tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol pjdgd mlkl xd}tepa`l de atkdgpl `d ea vet}saeëa% z% dg mlg}dmtdgmja% `d ea `dkag`a mxda`a vlx ea vaxpd `d ê}pa qtd gl }d amtktea' Dg lpxl} pêxkjgl}% mxdmd de mlg}tkl jg« `jsj`tae `d ea} mea}d} gl vxl`tmplxa}% mlg el qtd }d dg}agmba ea d}cdxa `d ea mjxmteamjýg qtd ed} mlxxd}vlg`d' D}pl gl }ýel jkvte}a de mxdmjkjdgpl `d ea vxl`tmmjýg `d hjdgd} `d mlg}tkl kagtcam« ptxa`l}% dg ndgdxae% }jgl pakhjêg de `d ea vxl`tm« mjýg `d axpëmtel} }tgptaxjl}'= }tgptaxjl}'=3 Ea mjxm mj xmte team amjý jýg g pjd pj d g `d vtd} a d}mjg`jx}d dg `l} d}cdxa}% `d kagdxa }jkjeax a el qtd mlg}papakl} dg ea dmlglkëa eapj« glakdxjmaga `d drvlxpamjýg% vdxl mlg tga `jcd« xdgmja }t}pagmjae? }t}pagmjae? ea drvag drv ag}jýg }jýg `d ea d}cdxa d}cdxa }tvdxjlx }tvd xjlx d} tga mlg}dmtdgmja `d ea pxag}clxkamjýg `d ea} mlg`jmjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg% z }d bamd vl}jhed dg ea kd`j`a qtd% atkdgpag`l ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol% ea vaxpd `de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae plpae qtd mlxxd}vlg`d ae lhxdxl `j}kjgtzd dg pêxkjgl} xda« ed}' Ea ejnaýg drj}pdgpd dgpxd ea} `l} d}cdxa} `d mlg}tkl }d `j}pjdg`d% vdxl gl }d xlkvd' =3 D e Mavjpae% Mavjp ae% J% RJJJ% v' =>6'
4:
Lpxl camplx mlgpxjhtzd a jkvd`jx qtd ea xtv« ptxa }d xdaejmd? d} ea clxka dg qtd }d akveëa de kdxma`l ktg`jae' Ea `dkag`a a`jmjlgae `d vxl« `tmpl} }tgptaxjl} qtd mxda de kdxma`l drpdxjlx d} gdmd}axjakdgpd ejkjpa`a% vxjkdxl vlxqtd% mtag`l de mlkdxmjl }d dodxmd dgpxd gamjlgd} qtd vxl`tmdg d}l} hjdgd}% de asagmd `d tga gamjýg jkvejma de xd« pxlmd}l `d lpxa% el qtd }t}mjpa vlx vaxpd `d ea ÿepj« ka kdmagj}kl} `d `dcdg}a9 z etdnl vlxqtd% dg de ma}l `de jgpdxmakhjl mlg el} vaë}d} `dvdg`jdgpd}% d } a ` d k a g ` a } d x d } p x j g n d a e a } m e a } d } a e pa pa } % z } d s d
a}ë mlg}pxdñj`a vlx ea ctdxpd mlgmdgpxamjýg `de jg« nxd}l qtd jkvejma ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxahaol' Vaxa qtd ea vxl`tmmjýg `d hjdgd} `d etol vtd`a vtd} drvag`jx}d% d}l} hjdgd} pjdgdg qtd makhjax `d maxámpdx% l }da% mlgsdxpjx}d dg vxl`tmpl} `d mlg}tkl vlvteax dg de jgpdxjlx kj}kl `d ea dml« glkëa jg`t}pxjae Ea} mjxmtg}pagmja} qtd vdxkjpdg bamdx }thjx aeeë el} }aeaxjl} xdaed}% a vaxpjx `d ea }dntg`a kjpa` `de }jnel va}a`l% a ea} mtaed} gl d} aodga ea `d}saelxjamjýg `d el} aejkdgpl} z ea vl}j« hjej`a` `d xd`j}pxjhtjx jgpdxgakdgpd vaxpd `de drmd« `dgpd }t}pxaë`l a ea} gamjlgd} `dvdg`jdgpd}% azt« `ag% dg ea kd`j`a qtd akveëag de mlg}tkl jg`jsj« `tae `d el} pxahaoa`lxd}% a mlgpxaxxd}pax ea} pdg`dg« mja} `j}xtvpjsa} qtd ampÿag a gjsde `d ea mjxmteamjýg' Ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg=> jg`t}pxjaejamjýg => eapjglakdxjmaga }d `a }l« =>
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Dkvedakl} Dkv edakl} de pdxkjgl ―jg`t}pxjaejamjýg
vaxa }dñaeax }dñaeax de
hxd ha}d} ha}d} `j}pjgpa}' `j}pjgpa}' Ea mlkvxd}j mlkv xd}jýg ýg vdxk agdgpd agdg pd qtd dodxmëa ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa }lhxd de mlg}t« kl jg`jsj`tae `de pxahaoa`lx gl vdxkjpjý }jgl ea mxdamjýg `d tga jg`t}pxja `êhje% qtd }ýel }d dg}ag« mbaha mtag`l camplxd} drpdxgl} "mlkl ea} mxj}j} mlkdxmjaed}% mlztgptxaekdgpd% z ea ejkjpamjýg `d el} drmd`dgpd} `d ea haeaga mlkdxmjae% vlx ea} xa« lgd} za }dñaea`a}* mdxxahag vaxmjaekdgpd de ammd« }l `d ea d}cdxa aepa `d mlg}tkl ae mlkdxmjl `d jkvlxpamjýg'=2 jkvlxpamjýg'=2 D} ea kazlx jgmj`dgmja `d d}l} camplxd}% m l k l sjkl}% el qtd a m d e d x a de mxdmjkjdg« pl jg`t}pxjae% a vaxpjx `d mjdxpl klkdgpl% z vxl« slma de makhjl mtaejpapjsl `de mavjpaej}kl `dvdg« `jdgpd' Ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg eapjglakdxjmaga gl mxda% vlx pagpl% mlkl dg ea} dmlglkëa} meá}jma}% }t vxlvja `dkag`a% }jgl qtd gamd vaxa apdg`dx a vxlmd}l a pxasê} `de mtae ea jg`t}pxja% dkvxdg`jdg`l de makhjl mtaejpapjsl nelhae `d ea sjdoa }lmjd`a`% kaxmba dg de }dgpj`l `d mlgsdxpjx}d dg de dod `d ea amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae' D} vlx deel qtd mlg}j`dxakl} qtd gl }d `a tg vxlmd}l `d jg`t}pxjaejamjýg dg de }dgl `d ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa vd}d a qtd }ë }d lh}dxsag dg deea ampjsj`a`d} jg`t}pxjaed}' =2 Tg bj}plxja`lx hxa}jedñl% xdcjxjêg`l}d a ea makvaña vlx de atkdgpl `d paxjca} a`tagdxa} `d}dgma`dga`a vlx el} jg`t}pxjaed} hxa}jedñl} dg 1:82% `d}pama mlg meaxj`a` de kdmagj}kl `d drvag« }jýg `de }dmplx jg`t}pxjae dg ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa? ―Haol ea vxd}jýg `d tga xdmd}jýg `d ea `dkag`a `d pdea} `d kaea maej`a` dg ea} áxda} xtxaed}% mlkl mlg}dmtdgmja `d ea maë`a `d vxdmjl} `de macê macê + d e vxdmjl kd`jl `d ea }ama }ama `d 36 3 6 ijel} `d}mdg`j `d}mdg`jý ý `d 8 14 16: 16: a 1>6>1: 1>6 >1: dgpxd dg pxd 1:84 1:84 z 1 : 8 3 + saxjl} saxjl} jg`t}pxjaed} }d d} vdmjaejaxlg dg ea vxl`tmmjýg `d pdoj`l} kd`jl} z cjgl}% a vaxpjx `d kd`ja`l} `d ea `êma`a `de sdjgpd' Ae vdgdpxax dg d}pa caoa `de kdxma`l% va}axlg a }tcxjx de jkvampl `d ea mlkvdpdgmja jgned}a% qtd ctd amt}a`a `d xdaejax tg ‒`tkvjgn‚ vaxa ejqtj`ax a ea vxl« `tmmjýg gamjlgae' El} Mdgpxl} Jg`t}pxjaed} }d axpjmteaxlg dg tga
31
tga `dkag`a vxd+drj}pdgpd% z }d d}pxtmptxaxá dg ctgmjýg `d el} xdqtdxjkjdgpl} `d kdxma`l vxlmd« `dgpd} `d el} vaë}d} asaga`l}' Dg el} mlkjdgl} `d ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg% ea vax« pjmjvamjýg `d el} pxahaoa`lxd} dg ea mxdamjýg `d `dkag`a gl otdna vtd} tg vavde }jngjcjmapjsl dg Akêxjma Eapjga' Lvdxag`l dg de kaxml `d tga d}« pxtmptxa `d kdxma`l vxdsjakdgpd `a`a% mtzl gjsde `d vxdmjl} amptaha dg de }dgpj`l `d jkvd`jx de am« md}l `de mlg}tkl vlvteax% ea jg`t}pxja gl pdgëa xalg d}
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mavamj`a` `d `dkag`a dxa% dg aqtde klkdgpl% }tvdxjlx a ea lcdxpa% vlx el qtd gl }d vxd}dgpaha ae mavjpaej}pa de vxlhedka `d mxdax kdxma`l vaxa }t} kdxmagmëa}% }jgl ká} hjdg tga }jptamjýg jgsdx« }a' Vlx lpxa vaxpd% atg mtag`l ea lcdxpa eedntd a dqtjejhxax}d dqt jejhxax}d mlg ml g ea `dk ag`a ag `a ‐el qtd qt d }d }d vxl`t vxl `tmjxá mjxá ká} ká} a`deagpd‐ a`d eagpd‐ dee deel gl veagpdaxá `d `d jgkd`japl jgkd`japl ae ae mavjpaej}pa ea akvejamjýg `de kdxma`l% eedság`lel agpd} a otnax }lhxd de kaxndg dgpxd de vxdmjl `d makvaña sj}ag`l de atkdgpl `d ea} paxjca} `d pdea} `d aenl`ýg z ea xd}pxjmmjýg `d ea} jkvlxpamjlgd} `d kaqtjgaxja% aednag`l qtd de kdxma`l gl mlkvlxpaha ea akvejamjýg `d ea mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa drj}pdgpd'‛ drj}pdgpd' ‛ Hlxj} Cat}pl' A xdsl xd slet etîí l `d 1:=6' Bj}plxjlnxacëa d bj}plxja' D`' Hxa}jejdg}d% ]al Vatel% 1:>6% vv' ==+=0% pxa`tmmjýg ejpdxae' De dvj}l`jl d} dodkveax? ea maë`a maë` a `d el} vxdmjl} `de macê macê xd}pxjgnd de vl`dx `d mlkvxa `d el} pxahaoa`lxd}% vdxl pakhjêg ea mavamj`a` `d jkvlxpamjýg vaxa apdg`dx a ea d}cdxa aepa `d ea mjxmt« eamjýg% vxlslmag`l tg klsjkjdgpl `d ea jg`t}pxja dg de }dgpj`l `d `d}veaax}d bamja d}pa ÿepjka z hdgdcjmjax}d `d el} kdolxd} vxdmjl} qtd aeeë vtd`d lhpdgdx' Mlkl sdxdkl}% d}d pxlvj}kl `d ea jg`t}« pxja eapjglakdxjmaga gl d} vxjsapjsl `d ea sjdoa dmlglkëa drvlxpa« `lxa'
38
kdxma`l z de vxdmjl `d vxl`tmmjýg% l }da% }lhxd de atkdgpl `d ea ka}a `d nagagmja dg ctgmjýg `de vxdmjl tgjpaxjl `de vxl`tmpl' Vaxa deel% de mavjpa« ej}pa jg`t}pxjae clxaxá% vlx tg ea`l% de aea `d vxdmjl}% avxlsdmbág`l}d ea }jptamjýg klglvleë}pj+ ma mxda`a `d bdmbl vlx ea mxj}j} `de mlkdxmjl ktg`jae z xdclxa`a vlx ea} haxxdxa} a`tagdxa}' Vlx lpxl ea`l% z `a`l qtd de haol gjsde pdmgleýnj« ml bamd qtd de vxdmjl `d vxl`tmmjýg }d `dpdxkjgd ctg`akdgpaekdgpd vlx el} }aeaxjl}% de mavjpaej}pa jg`t}pxjae }d sae`xá `de drmd`dgpd `d kagl `d lhxa mxda`l vlx ea kj}ka dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa z anxasa`l vlx ea mxj}j} qtd ê}pa drvdxjkdgpa "mxj« }j} qtd lhejna ae }dmplx drvlxpa`lx a ejhdxax kagl `d lhxa*% vaxa vxd}jlgax a el} }aeaxjl} dg de }dgpj« `l `d ea haoa' Deel ed vdxkjpjxá ah}lxhdx nxag`d} ka}a} `d pxahaol% el qtd% amdgpta`l vlx ea jgpdg« }jcjmam }jcjmamjýg jýg `de pxaha ol z ea vxlelgn vxlel gnamjýg amjýg `d ea ol x« ga`a% amdedxaxá ea mlgmdgpxamjýg `d mavjpae dg de }dmplx jg`t}pxjae' Axxagmag`l% vtd}% `de kl`l `d mjxmteamjýg qtd maxampdxjaxa a ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa% ea dml« glkëa jg`t}pxjae `dvdg`jdgpd xdvxl`tmd% dg clxka d}vdmëcjma% ea amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae ha}a`a dg ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx' Dg mlg}dmtdgmja% xdvxl`tmd pakhjêg de kl`l `d mjxmteamjýg qtd mlxxd}vlg`d a d}d pjvl `d amtkteamjýg% atgqtd `d kagdxa kl`jcjma`a? za gl d} ea `j}lmjamjýg dg« pxd ea vxl`tmmjýg z ea mjxmteamjýg `d kdxmagmëa}
3=
dg ctgmjýg `de kdxma`l ktg`jae el qtd lvdxa% }j« gl ea }dvaxamjýg dgpx d gpxdd ea d}cdxa d}cdxa aepa z ea d}cdxa d}cdxa ha oa ` d ea mjxm mj xmte team amjý jýg g dg de jgpd jg pdxx jlx jl x k j } k l ` d ea dmlglkëa% }dvaxamjýg qtd% ae gl }dx mlgpxaxxd}pa« `a vlx el} camplxd} qtd ampÿag dg ea dmlglkëa ma« vjpaej}pa meá}jma% a`qtjdxd tg maxámpdx ktmbl ká} xa`jmae' @d`jma`a a ea vxl`tmmjýg `d hjdgd} qtd gl dg« pxag% l dgpxag ktz d}ma}akdgpd% dg ea mlkvl}j« mjýg `de mlg}tkl vlvteax% ea vxl`tmmjýg jg`t}« pxjae eapjglakdxjmaga d} jg`dvdg`jdgpd `d ea} mlg« `jmjlgd} `d }aeaxjl vxlvja} a el} pxahaoa`lxd}9 d}pl dg `l} }dgpj`l}' Dg vxjkdx etnax vlxqtd% ae gl }dx tg dedkdgpl d}dgmjae `de mlg}tkl jg`jsj`tae `de lhxdxl% de saelx `d ea} kagtcamptxa} gl `dpdxkjga de saelx `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol9 gl }dxá% vtd}% ea `d}saelxjamjýg `d ea} kagtcamptxa} el qtd jgcetj« xá dg ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa' D}pl `j}vdg}a ae jg« `t}pxjae `d vxdlmtvax}d `d atkdgpax ea vxl`tmpjsj« `a` `de pxahaol vaxa% bamjdg`l haoax de saelx `d ea tgj`a` `d vxl`tmpl% `dvxdmjax ea ctdxa `d pxaha« ol o l % z el eedsa% eeds a% jgs jg s d x}a x} a k d g pd% pd % a h t } m a x de a t k d g pl `d ea vet}saeëa a pxasê} `d tga kazlx drvelpamjýg ‐jgpdg}jsa jgpdg}jsa z drpdg}jsa drpd g}jsa‐ ‐ `de pxahaoa` pxaha oa`lx% lx% a}ë mlkl ea xdhaoa `d }aeaxjl} ká} aeeá `d }t eëkjpd glxkae' Dg }dntg`l etnax% vlxqtd ea xdeamjýg jgsdx}a qtd `d abë }d `dxjsa vaxa ea dsletmjýg `d ea lcdxpa `d kdxmagmëa} z `de vl`dx `d mlkvxa `d el} lhxdxl}% d} `dmjx% de bdmbl `d qtd ea vxjkdxa mxdma a ml}«
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pa `d ea xd`tmmjýg `de }dntg`l% gl ed mxda ae mavj« paej}pa vxlhedka} dg ea d}cdxa `d ea mjxmteamjýg% tga sd qtd% mlkl bjmjkl} glpax% ea} kagtcampt« xa} gl }lg dedkdgpl} d}dgmjaed} dg de mlg}tkl jg« `jsj`tae `de lhxdxl' @jojkl} agpdxjlxkdgpd qtd a tga `dpdxkjga`a aeptxa `de vxlmd}l% qtd saxëa }dnÿg el} vaë}d}%= vaë}d}%=: ea lcdxpa jg`t}pxjae mljgmj`d a nxag`d} xa}nl} mlg ea `dkag`a drj}pdgpd% mlg}pjptj`a vlx ea d}cdxa ae« pa `d ea mjxmteamjýg' ]txnd dgplgmd} ea gdmd}j`a` `d
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Vaxa A xndgpjga z Hxa}j Hxa}je% e% vl x dodkvel% dodkv el% d}pl d}p l }d }d veag pda z a dg de va}l `d ea `êma`a `d 1:06 a ea `d 1:46% ká} pdkvxagakdgpd vaxa ea vxjkdxa qtd vaxa de }dntg`l'
34
`d ea drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx ae atkdgpl `d ea mavamj`a` vxl`tmpjsa vxl` tmpjsa `de pxahaol' Gl lh}pag lh }pagpd% pd% d} d} vaxmjaekdgpd gdtpxaeja`l vlx ea akvejamjýg `de mlg}tkl `d el} }dmplxd} kd`jl}? ê}pd }tvlgd% dg dcdmpl% de jgmxdkdgpl `d el} jgnxd}l} qtd vdxmjhdg `jmbl} }dmplxd}% jgnxd}l} qtd% mlkl }ahdkl}% }d }d `dxjsag `d ea vet}saeëa z% dg mlg}dmtdgmja% `d ea mlkvxd}jýg `de gjsde }aeaxjae `d el} pxahaoa`l« xd}' Ea pxag}jmjýg `d tg kl`l `d amtkteamjýg a lpxl }d bamd% vtd}% `jcëmje z }d xdaeja mlg drpxd« k a ` a e d g p j p t ` % v d x l d } } t c jm jm j d g p d v a x a ` d } d g m a ` d «
gax tg kdmagj}kl qtd a ea eaxna amptaxá dg de }dgpj`l `d lh}pamtejax ea pxag}jmjýg% `d}sjag`l bamja tg gtdsl matmd ea hÿ}qtd`a `d }letmjlgd} a el} vxlhedka} `d xdaejamjýg dgmaxa`l} vlx ea dml« glkëa jg`t}pxjae' D}d kdmagj}kl d} de xdmtx}l a ea pdmglelnëa dr« pxagodxa% `d}pjga`l a dedsax ea mavamj`a` vxl`tmpj« sa `de pxahaol' 3' D e gtdsl gtd sl agjeel `d ea d}vjxae
D} tg bdmbl mlglmj`l qtd% a kd`j`a qtd asag« a ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg eapjglakdxjmaga% }d aepdxa ea mlkvl}jmjýg `d }t} jkvlxpamjlgd}% kd`jagpd ea xd« `tmmjýg `de xdgneýg xdeapjsl a hjdgd} `d mlg}tkl z }t xddkveal vlx kapdxja} vxjka}% vxl`tmpl} }d+ kjdeahlxa`l} z kaqtjgaxja `d}pjga`l} a ea jg`t}« pxja' ]jg dkhaxnl% ea mxj}j} vdxkagdgpd `de }dmplx drpdxgl `d el} vaë}d} `d ea xdnjýg gl bahxëa vdx«
33
kjpj`l qtd ea} gdmd}j`a`d} mxdmjdgpd} dg dedkdg« pl} kapdxjaed} `de mavjpae mlg}pagpd }d vt`jdxag }apj}camdx drmet}jsakdgpd a pxasê} `de jgpdxmakhjl mlkdxmjae' D} vlx deel qtd a`qtjdxd }jgnteax jk« vlxpagmja ea jkvlxpamjýg `d mavjpae drpxagodxl% ha« ol o l ea c l x k a ` d c jga jg a g m jak ja k jdg jd g pl d jgs jg s d x}jl x} jlg g d} ` jxd jx d m pa} dg ea jg`t}pxja' Ea} camjej`a`d} qtd Akêxjma Eapjga dgmtdgpxa dg de drpdxjlx vaxa xdmtxxjx a ea jkvlxpamjýg `d mavjpae gl }lg ammj`dgpaed}' ]d `dhdg a ea gtdsa m l g c j n t x a m j ý g q t d a } t k d ea dmlglkëa jgpdxgamjl« gae mavjpaej}pa dg de vdxjl`l `d ea vl}ntdxxa' Ba« mja 1:46% ê}pa bahëa }tvdxa`l ea mxj}j} qtd ea acdm« paxa% a vaxpjx `d ea `êma`a `d 1:16% z }d dgmlgpxa« ha za xdlxnagja`a haol ea ênj`a glxpdakdxjmaga' De asagmd elnxa`l vlx ea mlgmdgpxamjýg `de mavjpae dg d}maea ktg`jae vlgd dgplgmd} dg kagl} `d ea} nxag`d} mlxvlxamjlgd} jkvdxjaej}pa} tga ahtg`ag« mja `d xdmtx}l}% qtd gdmd}jpag ht}max avejmamjýg dg de drpdxjlx' De xa}nl }jngjcjmapjsl `de vdxjl`l d} qtd d}d cetol `d mavjpae bamja ea vdxjcdxja }d lxjdg« pa `d kagdxa vxdcdxdgpd bamja de }dmplx jg`t}pxjae' Vaxa d}pl% mlgmtxxd de bdmbl `d qtd% kjdgpxa} `txý ea `d}lxnagjamjýg `d ea dmlglkëa ktg`jae% }d `d}axxleeaxlg ha}d} jg`t}pxjaed} vdxjcêxjma}% qtd lcxd lc xdmë mëag ag ‐nxamja} nxamja} a ea }tvdxd }tv dxdrv rvelp elpam amjý jýg g `de pxaha« pxah a« ol o l ‐ v l }jh }j h jej` je j`aa ` d } a p xam xa m pjs pj s a } ` d n agag ag agmm ja' ja ' Vdxl Vd xl g l }dxá de ÿgjml bdmbl% z qtjá gl }da de ká} `dmj}j« sl' Dg de mtx}l `de kj}kl vdxjl`l% }d bahëa sdxj«
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cjma`l tg nxag `d}axxleel `de }dmplx `d hjdgd} `d mavjpae dg ea} dmlglkëa} mdgpxaed}' D}pl eedsý% vlx tg ea`l% a qtd el} dqtjvl} aeeë vxl`tmj`l}% }jdk« vxd ká} }lcj}pjma`l}% `dhjdxag avejmax}d dg de }dm« plx }dmtg`axjl `d el} vaë}d} vdxjcêxjml}9 }txnd dg« plgmd}% vlx vaxpd `d ea} dmlglkëa} mdgpxaed}% de jgpdxê} `d jkvte}ax dg ê}pl} de vxlmd}l `d jg`t}« pxjaejamjýg% mlg de vxlvý}jpl `d mxdax kdxma`l} vaxa }t jg`t}pxja vd}a`a' Vlx lpxl ea`l% dg ea kd« `j`a qtd de xjpkl `de vxlnxd}l pêmgjml xd`tol dg el} vaë}d} m d g p x a e d } d e v e a l ` d x d v l } j m j ý g ` d e mavjpae cjol vxámpjmakdgpd a ea kjpa`%06 kjpa`%06 }d veagpdý a d}l} vaë}d} ea gdmd}j`a` `d drvlxpax a ea vdxjcd« xja dqtjvl} z kaqtjgaxja qtd za dxag lh}ledpl} agpd} `d qtd }d bthjdxag aklxpja`l plpaekdgpd' Ea jg`t}pxjaejamjýg eapjglakdxjmaga mlxxd}vlg« `d a}ë a tga gtdsa `jsj}jýg jgpdxgamjlgae `de pxa« haol% dg mtzl kaxml }d pxag}cjdxdg a el} vaë}d} `dvdg`jdgpd} dpava} jgcdxjlxd} `d ea vxl`tmmjýg jg`t}pxjae "lh}êxsd}d qtd ea }j`dxtxnja% qtd mlxxd}« vlg`ëa a tg }jngl `j}pjgpjsl `d ea dmlglkëa jg`t}« pxjae meá}jma% }d ba ndgdxaeja`l ae vtgpl `d qtd vaë}d} mlkl Hxa}je za drvlxpag amdxl*% xd}dxság« `l}d a el} mdgpxl} jkvdxjaej}pa} ea} dpava} ká} asaga`a} "mlkl ea vxl`tmmjýg `d mlkvtpa`lxa} z ea jg`t}pxja dedmpxýgjma vd}a`a dg ndgdxae% ea dr« velpamjýg `d gtdsa} ctdgpd} `d dgdxnëa% mlkl ea 06 Sêa}d Dxgd}p Kag`de% Pxapa`l `d dmlglkëa kaxrj}pa% D`' D` ' Dxa% Kêrjml% 1:3:'
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`d lxjndg gtmedax% dpm'* dpm' * z de klglvlejl `d ea pdm« glelnëa mlxxd}vlg`jdgpd' Zdg`l aÿg ká} edol}% }d vtd`d `j}pjgntjx dg ea dmlglkëa jgpdxgamjlgae d}« maelgd}% dg el} mtaed} }d sag xdthjmag`l gl }ýel el} gtdsl} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}% }jgl pakhjêg el} ká} agpjntl}' D} a}ë mlkl% dg ea vxl`tmmjýg `d amdxl mlkl dg ea `d sdbëmtel} atplklplxd}% Dtxlva lmmj`dgpae z Oavýg mlkvjpdg sdgpaol}a« kdgpd mlg el} kj}kl} D}pa`l} Tgj`l}% vdxl gl elnxag pl`asëa bamdxel dg el qtd }d xdcjdxd a ea jg`t}pxja `d káqtjga}+bdxxakjdgpa}% v x j g m j v a e k d g pd ea} atplkapja`a}'0 atplkapja`a}'01 El q td pdgdk pdg dk l } a}ë a} ë d} tga gtdsa odxaxqtjamjýg `d ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}« pa ktg`jae% mtza ha}d d} ea xd`dcjgjmjýg `d ea `jsj« }jýg jgpdxgamjlgae `de pxahaol amadmj`a dg de mtx}l `d el} el} ÿepjkl} ÿepjkl } mjgmtdgpa mjgmt dgpa añl} añl}'' Mlkl qtjdxa qtd }da% de klkdgpl dg qtd ea} dmlglkëa} jg`t}pxjaed} `dvdg`jdgpd} sag a ht}max dg de drpdxjlx de jg}pxtkdgpae pdmgleýnjml qtd ed} vdxkjpjxëa amdedxax }t mxdmjkjdgpl% jgmxdkdgpag`l ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol% d} aqtde pakhjêg dg de qtd% a vaxpjx `d el} vaë}d} mdgpxaed}% pjdgdg lxj« ndg jkvlxpagpd} cetol} `d mavjpae bamja deea}% cet+ 01
Ea vxl`tmmjýg glxpdakdxjmaga `d kaqtjga}+bdxxakjdgpa} }d `tvejmý d gpxd 1:36 1:36 z 1:33% kjdgpxa} mxdmëa pag }ýel }ýel dg 36$ dg Dtxlva lmmj`dgpae z >6$ dg Oavýg' Vlx lpxa vaxpd% }d `d}axxleea xávj`akdgpd dg D}pa`l} Tgj`l} ea cahxjmamjýg `d mlgotgpl} atpl« kapja`l}% mtzl saelx aemaga el} 80> kjeelgd} `d `ýeaxd} dg 1:33% mlgpxa 0='4 0=' 4 kjeelgd} dg D txlva txlv a lmmj`dgpae lmmj` dgpae z avdga} 8' > kjeelgd} `d `ýeaxd} dg Oavýg' @apl} vxlvlxmjlga`l} vlx Dxgd}p D t xlv xl v d sdx}t} sdx}t } A k dxjm dx jma a < M lgpx lg pxa` a`jm jmpjl pjlg} g} l c J kvdxjae kvd xjaej}k j}k'' Kag`de% Dt GEH% Elg`xd}% 1:>6% v' 26% glpa'
3:
ol o l } q t d ed} a v l x p a g ea pdm pd m g l el n ë a xdq xd q t d xj` xj ` a ' G l drakjgaxdkl} aqtë el} dcdmpl} vxlvjl} a ea} `j}« pjgpa} clxka} qtd xdsj}pd ea ah}lxmjýg pdmgleýnjma% z qtd sag `d}`d ea `lgamjýg ba}pa ea jgsdx}jýg `j« xdmpa `d mavjpae drpxagodxl% za qtd% `d}`d de vtg« pl `d sj}pa qtd lxjdgpa gtd}pxl agáej}j}% d}pl gl pjdgd kazlx jkvlxpagmja' Gl} lmtvaxdkl} pag }ý« el `de maxámpdx `d d}a pdmglelnëa z `d }t jkvampl }lhxd ea akvejamjýg `de kdxma`l' De vxlnxd}l pdmgleýnjml }d maxampdxja vlx de a b l x xl ` d ea c t d x a ` d px a h a o l q t d % }d a d g pê x k j
gl} `d pjdkvl% }da dg pêxkjgl} `d d}ctdxl% de lhxdxl `dhd `d`jmax a ea vxl`tmmjýg `d tga mjdxpa ka}a `d hjdgd}' D} gaptxae% vtd}% qtd% nelhaekdg« pd% }t xd}tepa`l }da ea xd`tmmjýg `de pjdkvl `d pxahaol vxl`tmpjsl dg xdeamjýg ae pjdkvl plpae `j}« vlgjhed vaxa ea vxl`tmmjýg% el qtd% dg ea }lmjd`a` mavjpaej}pa% }d kagjcjd}pa a pxasê} `d ea `j}kjgt« mjýg `d ea vlheamjýg lhxdxa vaxaedeakdgpd ae mxd« mjkjdgpl `d ea vlheamjýg qtd }d `d`jma a ampjsj`a« `d} gl vxl`tmpjsa}% a ea} qtd mlxxd}vlg`dg el} }dxsjmjl}% a}ë mlkl `d ea} mava} vaxa}jpaxja}% qtd }d drjkdg `d mtaeqtjdx vaxpjmjvamjýg dg ea vxl« `tmmjýg }lmjae `d hjdgd} z }dxsjmjl}' D}pa d} ea clxka d}vdmëcjma qtd a}tkd de `d}axxleel pdmgleý« njml dg tga }lmjd`a` ha}a`a dg ea drvelpamjýg `de pxahaol% vdxl gl ea clxka ndgdxae `de `d}axxleel pdmgleýnjml' D} vlx deel qtd ea} xdmlkdg`amjlgd} qtd }d bag bdmbl a el} vaë}d} `dvdg`jdgpd}% dg
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el} qtd }d sdxjcjma tga nxag `j}vlgjhjej`a` `d ka+ gl `d lhxa% dg de }dgpj`l `d qtd a`lvpdg pdmglel« nëa} qtd jgmlxvlxdg ká} ctdxa `d pxahaol% mlg de lhodpl `d `dcdg`dx el} gjsded} `d dkvedl% xdvxd« }dgpag tg `lhed dgnañl? mlg`tmdg a vxdmlgjax ea lvmjýg vlx tg kdglx `d}axxleel pdmgleýnjml z mlgctg`dg el} dcdmpl} }lmjaed} d}vdmëcjmakdgpd ma« vjpaej}pa} `d ea pêmgjma mlg ea pêmgjma dg }ë' D}a} xdmlkdg`amjlgd}% vlx el `dká}% jnglxag ea} mlg`jmjlgd} mlgmxdpa} dg qtd }d `a ea jgpxl« `tmmjýg `de v x l n x d } l pêmgjml dg el} vaë}d} `dvdg« `jdgpd}' D}pa jgpxl`tmmjýg `dvdg`d% mlkl }dñaea« kl}% kdgl} `d ea} vxdcdxdgmja} qtd deel} pdgnag qtd `d ea `jgákjma lhodpjsa `d ea amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae dg d}maea ktg`jae' Deea ctd ea qtd jkvte}ý ea `jsj}jýg jgpdxgamjlgae `de pxahaol a a}tkjx tga mlgcjntxamjýg% dg mtzl kaxml }d bag ahjdxpl gtd« sl} matmd} a ea `jct}jýg `de vxlnxd}l pêmgjml z }d ba `a`l a ê}pa tg xjpkl ká} amdedxa`l' El} dcdm« pl} `d aeeë `dxjsa`l} vaxa ea }jptamjýg `d el} pxa« haoa`lxd} dg el} vaë}d} `dvdg`jdgpd} gl vl`ëag `jcdxjx dg d}dgmja `d el} qtd }lg mlg}t}pagmjaed} a tga }lmjd`a` mavjpaej}pa? xd`tmmjýg `d ea vlhea« mjýg vxl`tmpjsa z mxdmjkjdgpl `d ea} mava} }lmja« ed} gl vxl`tmpjsa}' Vdxl d}pl} dcdmpl} pdg`xëag qtd avaxdmdx kl`jcjma`l} vlx ea} mlg`jmjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg vxlvja} ae mavjpaej}kl `dvdg`jdgpd' D} a}ë mlkl% jgmj`jdg`l }lhxd tga d}pxtmptxa vxl`tmpjsa ha}a`a dg ea kazlx drvelpamjýg `d el}
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pxahaoa`lxd}% de vxlnxd}l pêmgjml bjl vl}jhed ae mavjpaej}pa jgpdg}jcjmax de xjpkl `d pxahaol `de lhxdxl% dedsax }t vxl`tmpjsj`a` z% }jktepágdakdg« pd% }l}pdgdx ea pdg`dgmja a xdktgdxaxel dg vxlvlx« mjýg jgcdxjlx a }t saelx xdae' Vaxa deel mlgmtxxjý `dmj}jsakdgpd ea sjgmteamjýg `d ea} gtdsa} pêmgj« ma} `d vxl`tmmjýg a xaka} jg`t}pxjaed} lxjdgpa`a} bamja pjvl} `d mlg}tkl qtd% }j pjdg`dg a mlgsdx« pjx}d dg mlg}tkl vlvteax dg el} vaë}d} asaga`l}% gl vtd`dg bamdxel haol gjgnÿg }tvtd}pl dg ea} } l m jd ` a ` d } ` d v d g ` j d g pd } ' D e a h j } k l d r j} pd g p d a e eë
dgpxd de gjsde `d sj`a `d el} pxahaoa`lxd} z de `d el} }dmplxd} qtd aejkdgpag a ea d}cdxa aepa `d ea mjxmteamjýg bamd jgdsjpahed qtd vxl`tmpl} mlkl atplkýsjed}% avaxapl} dedmpxl`lkê}pjml}% dpm'% }d `d}pjgdg gdmd}axjakdgpd a d}pa ÿepjka' Dg d}pa kd`j`a% z pl`a sd qtd gl xdvxd}dgpag hjdgd} qtd jgpdxsdgnag dg de mlg}tkl `d el} pxahaoa`lxd}% de atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj`a` jg`tmj`l vlx ea pêmgjma dg d}a} xaka} `d vxl`tmmjýg gl ba vl`j`l pxa`t« mjx}d dg kazlxd} nagagmja} a pxasê} `d ea dedsa« mjýg `d ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa% }jgl pag }ýel kd`jag« pd de atkdgpl `d ea ka}a `d saelx xdaeja`l' Ea `jct}jýg `jct}jýg `de vxlnxd}l vxlnxd}l pêmgjml dg ea dmlgl dml glk k ëa `dvdg« `dvd g« `jdgpd kaxmbaxá vtd} `d ea kagl mlg tga kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx% vxdmj}akdgpd vlxqtd ea amtkteamjýg amtkteamjýg }j }jntd ntd `dv dg`jdg`l dg` jdg`l dg el ctg`a ctg `a k dg pae ká} `d e at k dg pl ` d ea ka}a ka}a `d ` d sael saelxx ‐z vl x dg`d `d vet v et}} s a eëa eë a ‐qt ‐q t d ` d ea ea mtl mt l pa `d ` d vet}s vet }sae aeëa' ëa'
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Ablxa hjdg% ae mlgmdgpxax}d `d kagdxa }jngjcj« mapjsa dg ea} xaka} vxl`tmplxa} `d hjdgd} }tgpta« xjl}% de `d}axxleel pdmgleýnjml amahaxëa vlx veag« pdax nxasd} vxlhedka} `d xdaejamjýg' De xdmtx}l tpjeja`l vaxa }letmjlgaxel} ba }j`l de `d bamdx jg« pdxsdgjx ae D}pa`l "a pxasê} `d ea akvejamjýg `de avaxapl htxlmxápjml% `d ea} }thsdgmjlgd} a el} vxl`tmplxd} z `de cjgagmjakjdgpl ae mlg}tkl }tg« ptaxjl*% a}ë mlkl a ea jgceamjýg% mlg de vxlvý}jpl `d pxag}cdxjx vl`dx `d mlkvxa `d ea d}cdxa haoa a ea d } c d x a aepa ` d ea m j x m t e a m j ý g 9 deel jkvejmý xdhaoax aÿg ká} el} }aeaxjl} xdaed}% mlg de cjg `d mlgpax mlg drmd`dgpd} }tcjmjdgpd} vaxa dcdmptax de pxa}va« }l `d jgnxd}l' Vdxl% dg ea kd`j`a dg qtd }d mlk« vxjkd a}ë ea mavamj`a` `d mlg}tkl `d el} pxahaoa« `lxd}% }d mjdxxa mtaeqtjdx vl}jhjej`a` `d d}pëktel a ea ea jg jg s d x} jý g pdm p dmgl gleeýnj ýn jma dg } d mplx `d vxl`tm« vxl `tm« mjýg `d}pjga`l a apdg`dx ae mlg}tkl vlvteax' Gl vtd`d vtd} }dx klpjsl `d }lxvxd}a de qtd% kjdg« pxa} ea} jg`t}pxja} `d hjdgd} }tgptaxjl} mxdmdg a pa}a} dedsa`a}% ea} jg`t}pxja} lxjdgpa`a} bamja de mlg}tkl ka}jsl "ea} eeaka`a} ―jg`t}pxja} pxa`jmjl« gaed}‛* pjdg`ag ae d}pagmakjdgpl d jgmet}l a ea xd« nxd}jýg' Dg ea kd`j`a dg qtd }d `aha mlg `jcjmtepa` z a tg xjpkl drpxdka`akdgpd edgpl% ea pdg« `dgmja ae amdxmakjdgpl dgpxd ea} `l} d}cdxa} `d mjxmteamjýg% qtd }d bahëa lh}dxsa`l a vaxpjx `d mjdxpl klkdgpl% gl vt`l }dntjx `d}axxleeág`l}d'
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Ae mlgpxaxjl% el qtd }d jkvlgd d} `d gtdsl ea xd« vte}jýg dgpxd akha} d}cdxa}% tga sd qtd ea mlk« vxd}jýg `de gjsde `d sj`a `d ea} ka}a} pxahaoa`lxa} va}a a }dx ea mlg`jmjýg gdmd}axja `d ea drvag}jýg `d ea `dkag`a mxda`a vlx ea} mava} qtd sjsdg `d ea vet}saeëa' Ea E a v x l ` t m m jýg jý g ha}a`a dg ea }tvd }t vdxd xdr+ r+ vel v elpp a m jý g ` d e pxahaol pxa haol sles sl esjý jý a dgnd dg ndg` g`xa xaxx a}ë a} ë de kl`l `d mjxmteamjýg qtd ed mlxxd}vlg`d% ae kj}« k l pjdkvl pjdk vl qtd `jslx `jslxmja mjaha ha ae avaxa avaxapl pl vxl` vx l` tmpjsl tm pjsl `d ea} gdmd}j`a`d} `d mlg}tkl `d ea} ka}a}' Ea d } p x a p j c j m a m j ý g ` d d } d a v a x a p l d g e l q t d } d ba `a« `l eeakax ―jg`t}pxja} `jgákjma}‛ "xaka} vxl`tm« plxa} `d hjdgd} }tgptaxjl} z `d hjdgd} `d mavjpae qtd }d `d}pjgag vxjgmjvaekdgpd a ê}pl}* d ―jg`t}+ pxja} pxa`jmjlgaed}‛ d}pá xdcedoag`l ea a`dmtamjýg `d ea d}pxtmptxa `d vxl`tmmjýg a ea d}pxtmptxa `d mjxmteamjýg vxlvja ae mavjpaej}kl `dvdg`jdgpd' Vdxl gl }d `dpjdgd aeeë ea xdavxlrjkamjýg `de kl`del jg`t}pxjae `dvdg`jdgpd ae `d ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa' Ea ah}lxmjýg `de vxlnxd}l pêmgjml dg mlg`jmjlgd} `d }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxahaol ama« xxda ea jgdsjpahed xd}pxjmmjýg `de kdxma`l jgpdxgl% a el mtae }d mlgpxavlgd ea gdmd}j`a` `d xdaejax ka}a} }jdkvxd mxdmjdgpd} `d saelx "za qtd ea amt« kteamjýg `dvdg`d ká} `d ea ka}a qtd `d ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa*' D}pa mlgpxa`jmmjýg gl vl`xëa xd}le« sdx}d kd`jagpd ea akvejamjýg `d ea d}cdxa aepa `d mlg}tkl dg de jgpdxjlx `d ea dmlglkëa% ká} aeeá `d el} eëkjpd} d}pahedmj`l} vlx ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg
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2>
xdeamjýg ae saelx kd`jl dg sjnlx z `d dedsax vlx el pagpl }t vaxpjmjvamjýg dg de klgpl plpae `d saelx jgpdxmakhja`l9 d}pl }d sdxjcjma pagpl dgpxd vxl« `tmplxd} jg`jsj`taed} `d tga kj}ka gamjýg mlkl dgpxd ea} gamjlgd} mlkvdpj`lxa}' ]jg dkhaxnl% d}d vxlmd`jkjdgpl% qtd mlxxd}vlg`d ae jgpdgpl `d htxeax ea} edzd} `de kdxma`l kd`jagpd ea avejma« mjýg `d ea} kj}ka}% mlgeedsa ea dedsamjýg `d }t mlkvl}jmjýg lxnágjma z ampjsa ea pdg`dgmja a ea haoa `d }t mtlpa `d nagagmja% vlx ea} xalgd} }d« ñ a e a ` a } d g kj d g } a z l ' Mlkl }d ba sj}pl aeeë% ea ammjýg `d ea} dmlgl« këa} jg`t}pxjaed} xdvdxmtpd dg de kdxma`l ktg`jae dg de }dgpj`l `d jgceax ea `dkag`a `d aejkdgpl} z kapdxja} vxjka}% vdxl ea xd}vtd}pa qtd ed `a ea dmlglkëa drvlxpa`lxa d} xjntxl}akdgpd jgsdx}a? ae xdsê} `d xdmtxxjx ae atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj`a`% l ae kdgl} `d bamdxel mlg maxámpdx vxjlxjpaxjl% deea }d saed `d tg kazlx dkvedl drpdg}jsl d jgpdg}jsl `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol9 dg mlg}dmtdgmja% haoa }t mlkvl}jmjýg lxnágjma z atkdgpa de saelx `d ea} kdxmagmëa} vxl`tmj`a}% el qtd bamd dedsax }jkte« págdakdgpd ea vet}saeëa z ea nagagmja' Dg de veagl `de kdxma`l% eedsa a qtd kdolxdg dg }t caslx el} pêxkjgl} `d jgpdxmakhjl% aeeë `lg`d ba eedna`l a d}pahedmdx}d tg vxdmjl mlkdxmjae vaxa el} vxl`tm« pl} vxjkaxjl}' L}mtxdmj`a vlx ea} cetmptamjlgd} mëmejma} `de kdxma`l% d}a pdg`dgmja }d kagpjdgd ba}pa ea `êma`a `d 12>69 de mxdmjkjdgpl `d ea} dr«
22
vlxpamjlgd} eapjglakdxjmaga} mlg`tmd% jgmet}l% a qtd dkvjdmdg a vxd}dgpax}d }ae`l} caslxahed} dg ea haeaga mlkdxmjae% qtd }tvdxag el} vanl} vlx mlg« mdvpl `d aklxpjamjýg d jgpdxd}d} `d ea `dt`a dr« pdxga% el qtd d}pá jg`jmag`l qtd de }j}pdka `d mxê« `jpl mlgmdh j`l vl x el} vaë}d} vaë}d} jg`t}px jg`t}pxjae jaed}% d}% z qtd }d `d}pjgaha vxjkaxjakdgpd a ctgmjlgax mlkl clg« `l `d mlk vdg}amjýg `d ea} ea} pxag}ammjlgd} pxag}ammjlgd} jgpdxgamjl jgpdxg amjl gaed}% gaed}% gl d} }tcjmjdgpd }tcjmjdg pd vaxa v axa xdsdxpjx ea pdg`dgm pdg` dgmja' ja' D} dsj`dgpd qtd% jg`dvdg`jdgpdkdgpd `d ea} `dká} mat}a} qtd ampÿag dg de kj}kl }dgpj`l z qtd pjdgdg qtd sdx mlg de va}l `de mavjpaej}kl jg« `t}pxjae a ea dpava jkvdxjaej}pa% ea }jptamjýg `d}mxj« pa mlgpxjhtzd a klpjsax ea} drvlxpamjlgd} `d mavj« pae bamja ea} dmlglkëa} `dvdg`jdgpd}% tga sd qtd ea} nagagmja} }lg aeeë mlg}j`dxahed}' Tg vxjkdx xd« }tepa`l `d d}pl d} ea dedsamjýg `d ea mlkvl}jmjýg lxnágjma `de mavjpae dg `jmba} dmlglkëa} z de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol% qtd }d pxa`tmdg dg ea haoa `de saelx `d ea} kdxmagmëa} z qtd "`d gl kd`jax ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg* `dhdxëag mlg`tmjx a ea haoa `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja' Dg mlg}dmtdgmja% dkvjdag a `dmejgax }l}pdgj`akdgpd el} pêxkjgl} `d jgpdxmakhjl% mlkl }d jg`jma dg kj dg}azl' Vlx lpxa vaxpd% ea vxd}dgmja mxdmjdgpd `de mavjpae drpxagodxl dg de cjgagmjakjdgpl% ea mlkdxmjaeja« mjýg d jgmet}l dg ea vxl`tmmjýg `d el} vaë}d} `d« vdg`jdgpd}% a}ë mlkl dg el} }dxsjmjl} há}jml}%
2:
ampÿa dg de }dgpj`l `d pxag}cdxjx vaxpd `d ea} na« gagmja} aeeë lhpdgj`a} bamja el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed}9 a vaxpjx `d dgplgmd}% de klgpl `d mavjpae md`j`l vlx ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdgpd a pxasê} `d ea} lvd« xamjlgd} cjgagmjdxa} mxdmd ká} xávj`akdgpd qtd de }ae`l mlkdxmjae' Ea pxag}cdxdgmja `d nagagmja}% z vlx dg`d `d vet}saeëa% bamja el} vaë}d} jg`t}pxjaed} avtgpa dg de }dgpj`l `d ea clxkamjýg `d tga pa}a kd`ja `d nagagmja a gjsde jgpdxgamjlgae% ejhdxag`l vlx pa g p l
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:6
Xdmlx`dkl}% vaxa dsjpax dqtjslmamjlgd}% qtd ea haoa `d ea mtlpa `d nagagmja dg el} vaë}d} `dvdg« `jdgpd}% mlkl mlgpxavaxpj`a `d ea dedsamjýg `d }t mlkvl}jmjýg lxnágjma% }d mlkvdg}a kd`jagpd el} vxlmd`jkjdgpl} `d ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxaha« ol o l % a`dk a` dkáá } ` d ea} ea } m jxm jx m t g } pag pa g m j a } v dmt dm t eja ej a xd} xd } q t d c a slxdmdg% dg ea} dmlglkëa} anxaxja} z kjgdxa}% ea aepa xdgpahjej`a` `de mavjpae saxjahed' Dg mlg}d« mtdgmja% ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdgpd }jntd drvag« `jdg`l }t} drvlxpamjlgd}% a vxdmjl} }jdkvxd ká} m l k v d g } a ` l x d } vaxa e l } vaë}d} jg`t}pxëaed} " m l g el} dcdmpl} mlglmj`l} dg ea amtkteamjýg jgpdxga `d ê}pl}* z% }jktepágdakdgpd% kagpjdgd }t apxampj« sl vaxa el} mavjpaed} drpdxgd}% el qtd vdxkjpd `ax mlgpjgtj`a` ae vxlmd}l' 8' D e `d}axxleel `d}axxleel mavjpaej}pa z ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxahaol
D} dg d}pd }dgpj`l qtd ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdg« pd ‐z vlx v lx dg`d ea ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de px a h a ol + avaxdmd mlkl tga mlg`jmjýg gdmd}axja `de mavjpa« ej}kl ktg`jae% mlgpxa`jmjdg`l a qtjdgd}% mlkl Cdxgag`l Bdgxjqtd Max`l}l% ea dgpjdg`dg mlkl tg }tmd}l ammj`dgpae dg de `d}axxleel `d ê}pd' Ea lvjgjýg `d Max`l}l% dkjpj`a dg tg mlkdgpaxjl vleêkjml a kj dg}azl%3 dg}azl%3 d} ea `d qtd% qt d% pdgjdg pdg jdg`l `l a 3 Sêa}d Sêa}d ― Glpa} }lhxd }lhxd de d}pa`l d}pa` l amptae `d el} d}pt`jl} d}pt `jl} }lhxd }lhxd X d s j}pa j} pa E apjg ap jgla lak k dxjma dx jmaga ga ` d Mjdgmja} Mjdgm ja} ]lmja ] lmjaed}% ed}% g ' `dvdg`dgmja‛% dg Xd 0% ]agpjanl% 1:>8'
:1
ea sj}pa qtd ea d}vdmjaej`a` `de mavjpaej}kl jg`t}« pxjae xd}j`d dg ea vxl`tmmjýg `d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa% pl`l el qtd }d xdcjdxd a ea} clxka} `d vxl`tmmjýg ha}a`a} dg ea vet}saeëa ah}letpa% vlx }jngjcjmapjsa qtd }da }t jkvlxpagmja bj}pýxjma% maxdmd `d jgpdxê} pdýxjml' ]jg dkhaxnl% vaxa Max`l}l% deel gl jkvej« ma ahag`lgax de d}pt`jl `d ea dmlglkëa `dvdg« `jdgpd% tga sd qtd dg ê}pa }d `a tg vxlmd}l }j« ktepágdl `d `d}axxleel z `d `dvdg`dgmja% el q t d bamd qtd% dg }t dpava mlgpdkvlxágda% deea d}pê ha}a`a pakhjêg d g ea v e t } s a e ëa ëa x d e a pj s a z d g d e atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a`' ]dñaedkl}% jgjmjaekdgpd% qtd de mlgmdvpl `d }tvdxdrvelpamjýg gl d} j`êgpjml ae `d vet}saeëa ah}letpa% za qtd jgmetzd pakhjêg tga kl`aej`a` `d vxl `t mmjýg mmj ýg ` d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa xdeapjsa ‐ea qtd qt d ml« xxd}vlg`d ae atkdgpl `d ea jgpdg}j`a` `de pxahaol' Vlx lpxa vaxpd% ea mlgsdx}jýg `d vaxpd `de clg`l `d }aeaxjl dg clg`l `d amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae gl xdvxd}dgpa xjntxl}akdgpd tga clxka `d vxl`tm« mjýg `d vet}saeëa ah}letpa% vtd}pl qtd acdmpa }j« ktepágdakdgpd el} `l} pjdkvl} `d pxahaol ae jg« pdxjl x `d ea olk ol k a` a eahlxae% eahlxae% z gl g l }ýel ýel ae pjdkvl `d pxahaol drmd`dgpd% mlkl va}a mlg ea vet}saeëa ah}letpa' Vlx pl`l deel% ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg }d `dcjgd ká} hjdg vlx ea kazlx drvelpamjýg `d ea ctdxa cë}jma `de pxahaoa`lx% dg mlgpxavl}jmjýg a ea drvelpamjýg xd}tepagpd `de atkdgpl `d }t vxl`tm« pjsj`a`% z pjdg`d glxkaekdgpd a drvxd}ax}d dg de
:8
bdmbl `d qtd ea ctdxa `d pxahaol }d xdktgdxd vlx `dhaol `d }t saelx xdae' Gl d} ê}pd% }jg dkhaxnl% de vtgpl mdgpxae `d ea `j}mt}jýg' El qtd }d `j}mtpd d} }j ea} clxka} `d drvelpamjýg qtd }d aedoag `d ea qtd dgndg`xa ea vet}saeëa xdeapjsa }lhxd ea ha}d `d tga kazlx vxl« `tmpjsj`a` `dhdg }dx drmetj`a} `de agáej}j} pdýxjml `de kl`l `d vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa' De dqtëslml `d Max`l}l d}pá dg xd}vlg`dx acjxkapjsakdgpd a d}pa mtd}pjýg% mlkl }j ea} clxka} }tvdxjlxd} `d ea a m t k t e a m j ý g m a v j p a e j } p a j k v e j m a x a g ea d r m e t } j ý g `d }t} clxka} jgcdxjlxd} z }d `jdxag jg`dvdg`jdgpd« kdgpd `d ê}pa}' ]j Kaxr bthjdxa mlkvaxpj`l d}a lvjgjýg% }dntxakdgpd gl }d bahxëa vxdlmtva`l `d ea vet}saeëa ah}letpa z gl ea bahxëa jgpdnxa`l% dg pagpl qtd mlgmdvpl há}jml% dg }t d}qtdka pdý« xjml'> xjml'> Ablxa hjdg% el qtd }d vxdpdg`d `dkl}pxax dg kj dg}azl d}% vxjkdxl% qtd ea vxl`tmmjýg mavjpa« ej}pa% ae `d}axxleeax ea ctdxa vxl`tmpjsa `de pxaha« ol o l g l } t v x jk d } jgl jg l a m dgpÿ dg pÿa a % ea k a z l x d r v e l pam pa m j ý g `de pxahaoa`lx% z }dntg`l% qtd ea} mlkhjgamjlgd} `d clxka} `d drvelpamjýg mavjpaej}pa }d eedsag a mahl `d kagdx kagdxa a `d}jn `d}jntae tae dg de ml got gpl ` de }j}p }j}pdka dka%% dgndg`xag`l clxk clx k amjlg am jlgd} d} }lmjae }lmjaed} d} `j}pjgpa} }dnÿg }dnÿg de vx v x d ` l k jgjl jg jl ` d t g a c l x k a ` d pdxk pd xk jga jg a ` a ' > ― Ea vxl`tmmjýg vxl`t mmjýg `d vet}saeëa vet}saeëa ah}letpa ah}l etpa d} ea ha}d ha}d ndgdxae }l hxd ea qtd `d}mag}a de }j}pdka mavjpaej}pa z de vtgpl `d axxagqtd vaxa ea vxl`tmmjýg `d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa' ‛ D e Mavjpae% J% RJS% v' 803'
:=
@d}axxleedkl} hxdsdkdgpd d}pl} vtgpl}' De vxj« kdxl d} ctg`akdgpae% }j }d qtjdxd dgpdg`dx mýkl ampÿa ea edz ndgdxae `d ea amtkteamjýg mavjpa« ej}pa% l }da% vlx qtê }d vxl`tmd ea v l e a x j a m j ý g mxdmjdgpd `d ea xjqtda z ea kj}dxja dg de }dgl `d ea} }lmjd`a`d} dg qtd deea lvdxa' D} dg d}pa vdx}« vdmpjsa% z }leakdgpd dg deea% mlkl el} d}pt`jl} }lhxd ea eeaka`a kaxnjgaej`a` }lmjae vtd`dg }dx jgmlxvlxa`l} a ea pdlxëa kaxrj}pa `d ea `dvdg`dg« mja9 `jmbl `d lpxa kagdxa% }ýel a}ë ê}pa vl`xá xd« }lesdx p d ý x jm j m a k d g p d de v x l h e d k a v e a g p d a ` l v l x d e mxdmjkjdgpl `d ea }tvdxvlheamjýg xdeapjsa mlg ea} maxampdxë}pjma} drpxdka`a} qtd vxd}dgpa dg ea} }l« mjd`a`d} `dvdg`jdgpd}% }jg madx dg de dmedmpjmj}kl `d Ol}ê Gtg% qtd de kj}kl Max`l}l mxjpjmý mlg pagpa xaýg%2 xaýg%2 gj pakvl pak vlml ml dg de d}qtdk d}qt dkaa `d Agëhae Qtjoagl% qtd% jg`dvdg`jdgpdkdgpd `d }t} kêxjpl}% mlg`tmd a ea j`dgpjcjmamjýg `d tg vlel kaxnjgae dg d}a} }lmjd`a`d} qtd gl ntax`a xdea« mjýg mlg ea kagdxa mlkl aeeë }d vleaxjag ea} mlg« pxa`jmmjlgd} `d mea}d': mea}d': ]jg vxdpdg`dx bamdx aqtë tg sdx`a`dxl agáej}j} `de vxlhedka% }dgpdkl} aentgl} dedkdgpl} drvejmapjsl} qtd }d `dxjsag `d 2 Sêag}d% `d Ol}ê Gtg% ― ]lhxdvlh ]lh xdvlheamjýg eamjýg xdeapjsa% xdeapjsa% doêxmjpl X dsj} j}pa pa E apjgl apj glak akdx dxjma jmaga ga jg`t}pxjae `d xd}dxsa z ka}a kaxnjgae‛% dg Xds `d ]lmjlelnëa% g' 8% Htdgl} Ajxd}% 1:3:% z% `d C'B' C' B' Max`l}l% ―Mlkdgpaxjl }lhxd el} mlgmdvpl} `d }lhxdvlheamjýg xdeapjsa z X dsj} j}pa pa Eapjg Ea pjgla lak k dxjma dx jmaga ga ` d Mjdgmja} ]lmjaed}% ]lmja ed}% g' kaxnjgaej`a`‛% dg Xds 1+8% ]agpjanl% 1:>1' : Sêa}d% `d Agëhae Qtjoagl% Xd X d ` d cjg cj g jmjý jm jý g ` d ea `dvd `d vdg` g`dg dgmj mja az kaxnjgaejamjýg dg Akêxjma Eapjga' MD]L% ]agpjanl% 1:>6% kjkdl'
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ea} pd}j} axxjha dgtgmja`a}' Ea xdeamjýg vl}jpjsa dgpxd de atkdgpl `d ea ctdx« a vxl`tmpjsa `de pxahaol z ea kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx% qtd a`qtjdxd tg m a x á m p d x a n t ` l d g ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdgpd% gl d} vxjsapjsa `d deea% }jgl qtd bamd ae kl`l `d vxl`tmmjýg mavjpaej}pa dg }ë kj}kl' D}pl }d `dhd a ea kagdxa mlgpxa`jm« plxja mlkl d}a} `l} clxka} ctg`akdgpaed} `d dr« velpamjýg jgmj`dg dg de saelx `d ea vxl`tmmjýg z% vlx dg`d% dg ea vet}saeëa qtd ê}pa axxloa' De `d}a« x x l e e l ` d e a c t d x a v x l ` t m p j s a ` d e p x a h a o l % q t d jk vejma vxl`tmjx ká} dg de kj}kl pjdkvl z mlg tg kj}kl na}pl `d ctdxa `d pxahaol% xd`tmd ea magpj« `a` `d pxahaol jgmlxvlxa`a ae vxl`tmpl jg`jsj`tae z xdhaoa vlx dg`d }t saelx% acdmpag`l gdnapjsa« kdgpd a ea vet}saeëa' Ea kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx lcxdmd `l} aepdxgapjsa}? atkdgpax de pjdkvl `d pxahaol drmd`dgpd "kl`jcjmag`l l gl ea olxga`a `d pxahaol*% l% }jg aepdxax ea olxga`a z el} pjdkvl} `d pxahaol% dedsax ea jgpdg}j`a` `de pxahaol9 dg akhl} ma}l}% atkdgpa ea ka}a `d sa« elx z ea vet}saeëa vxl`tmj`a}% vdxl dg de ÿepjkl "qtd }d `jcdxdgmja `de atkdgpl `d vxl`tmpjsj`a` vlxqtd% atgqtd }d vxl`tma ká} dg de kj}kl pjdkvl% deel amaxxda tg kazlx na}pl `d ctdxa `d pxa h a ol 16 *% `d}`d qtd qt d de gtdsl nxa`l `d jgpdg}j` jgpdg}j`a` a` 16 Ea dmlg lk ëa htxntd}a gl vdxkjpd vdxk jpd d}pahedmdx meaxakdgpd d}a `jcdxdgmja% za qtd vxjsjednja mlkl pêxkjgl `d xdcdxdgmja ae vxl`tm« pl z gl a ea ctdxa `d pxahaol'
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}d ndgdxaeja% `d}mjdg`d de saelx jg`jsj`tae `d ea} kdxmagmëa} z% a mjxmtg}pagmja} jntaed}% `j}kjgtzd pakhjêg ea vet}saeëa' Dg de kaxml `de xênjkdg mavjpaej}pa `d vxl`tm« mjýg% d}a} pdg`dgmja} lvtd}pa} qtd }d `dxjsag `d ea} `l} nxag`d} clxka} `d drvelpamjýg pjdg`dg a gdtpxaejax}d% tga sd qtd de atkdgpl `d ea ctdxa vx v x l ` t m p j s a ` d e pxahaol pxah aol g l }ýel }ý el mxda mx da ea v l } jhje jh jej` j`a a ` `d tga kazlx drvelpamjýg `de pxahaoa`lx% }jgl qtd mlg`tmd a d}d xd}tepa`l' Dg dcdmpl% ea xd`tm« mjýg ` d e p j d k v l p l p a e ` d p x a h a o l qtd de l h x d x l gdmd}jpa vaxa vxl`tmjx tga mjdxpa ka}a `d kdxmag« mëa} ed vdxkjpd ae mavjpae% }jg drpdg`dx ea olxga`a ednae d jgmet}l xd`tmjêg`lea% drjnjx ae pxahaoa`lx ká} pjdkvl `d pxahaol dcdmpjsl z vlx el pagpl tga ka}a }tvdxjlx `d saelx' Mlg deel% ea akdgaa qtd vd}aha }lhxd ea mtlpa `d vet}saeëa z `d na« gagmja }d mlgpxaxxd}pa plpae l vaxmjaekdgpd' El E l qtd avaxdmd% dg de veagl `d ea vxl`tmmjýg mlkl tga `j}kjgtmjýg `de pjdkvl `d pxahaol% }d mlg« sjdxpd% `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa `de mavjpae% dg atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmmjýg drjnj`a ae pxahaoa`lx' Deel }d drvxd}a dg ea} mlg`jmjlgd} `d vxl`tmmjýg a pxasê} `d ea dedsamjýg `d ea mlkvl}jmjýg lxnágj« ma `de mavjpae% d} `dmjx% dg ea `j}kjgtmjýg xdeapjsa l ah}letpa "}dnÿg de xjpkl `d ea amtkteamjýg* `de mavjpae saxjahed9 dg lpxa} vaeahxa}% dg ea xd`tmmjýg xdeapjsa xdeapjsa l ah}letpa ah} letpa `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol dkveda`a dk veda`a z dg ea drvag drv ag}jýg }jýg `de doêxmjpl jg`t}pxjae `d xd}dx xd}dxsa' sa'
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]jg dkhaxnl% drj}pd tga d}pxdmba jgpdx`dvdg« `dgmja dgpxd de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a`% ea jgpdg}jcjmamjýg `de pxahaol z ea `txamjýg `d ea olx« ga`a' De atkdgpl `d ea ctdxa vxl`tmpjsa `de pxa« haol% ae jkvejmax tg kdglx na}pl `d ctdxa cë}jma% d} el qtd vdxkjpd atkdgpax ea jgpdg}j`a`9 vdxl de atkdgpl `d ea jgpdg}j`a` mblma mlg ea vl}jhjej`a` `d drpdg`dx ea olka`a `d pxahaol z otdna ká} hjdg dg de }dgpj`l `d xd`tmjxea' Jgsdx}akdgpd% tga kdglx vxl`tmpjsj`a` ejkjpa ea vl}jhjej`a` `d jg« pdg}jcjmax de xjpkl `d pxahaol z avtgpa bamja ea drpdg}jýg `d ea olka`a' De bdmbl `d qtd% dg el} vaë}d} aepakdgpd jg`t}pxjaeja`l}% ea dedsamjýg }j« ktepágda `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` z `d ea jgpdg}j`a` `de pxahaol gl }d bazag pxa`tmj`l `d}`d bamd sa« xja} `êma`a} dg xd`tmmjýg `d ea olka`a gl jgsa« ej`a el qtd }d ba `jmbl9 avdga} xdsdea ea jgmavamj« `a` `d ea mea}d lhxdxa vaxa `dcdg`dx }t} ednëpjkl} jgpdxd}d}% z }d pxa`tmd dg de anlpakjdgpl vxdka« ptxl `d ea ctdxa `d pxahaol% drvxd}a`l dg ea xd« `tmmjýg vxlnxd}jsa `d ea sj`a ÿpje `de pxahaoa`lx% a}ë mlkl dg el} pxa}plxgl} v}jmlcë}jml} vxlslma« `l} vlx de drmd}l `d capjna' Dg ea kj}ka eëgda `d xalgakjdgpl% ea} ejkjpamjlgd} }txnj`a} dg el} vaë}d} `dvdg`jdgpd} vaxa `j}pdg`dx ae kárjkl ea ol o l x g a ` a ` d p x a h a ol b a g l h ejn ej n a`l a` l ae m a v j pae pa e a xdm xd m t xxjx ae atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` z `d ea jgpdg« }j`a` `de pxahaol% mlg el} dcdmpl} mlglmj`l} dg de nxa`l `d mlg}dxsamjýg z `d}axxleel `d ê}pa'
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El qtd jkvlxpa }dñaeax aqtë% dg vxjkdx etnax% d} qtd ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg gl mlxxd}vlg`d a tga }tvdxsjsdgmja `d kl`l} vxjkjpjsl} `d amtktea« mjýg `d mavjpae% }jgl qtd d} jgbdxdgpd a ê}pa z mxd« md mlxxdeapjsakdgpd ae `d}axxleel `d ea ctdxa vxl« `tmpjsa `de pxahaol9 }tvlgdx el mlgpxaxjl dqtjsaed a a`kjpjx qtd de mavjpaej}kl% a kd`j`a qtd }d avxlrjka `d }t kl`del vtxl% }d mlgsjdxpd dg tg }j}pdka ma`a sd kdgl} drvelpapjsl z elnxax xdtgjx ea} mlg`jmjlgd} vaxa }letmjlgax jg`dcjgj`akdgpd }t} mlgpxa`jmmjlgd} jgpdxga}' Dg }dntg`l etnax% }d« nÿg de nxa`l `d `d}axxleel `d ea} dmlglkëa} ga« mjlgaed} qtd jgpdnxag de }j}pdka% z `de qtd }d sdxj« cjma dg el} }dmplxd} qtd mlkvlgdg ma`a tga `d deea}% ea kazlx l kdglx jgmj`dgmja `d ea} clxka} `d drvelpamjýg z ea mlgcjntxamjýg d}vdmëcjma qtd deea} a}tkdg kl`jcjmag mtaejpapjsakdgpd ea kagd« xa mlkl aeeë jgmj`dg ea} edzd} `d klsjkjdgpl `de }j}pdka% z dg vaxpjmteax ea edz ndgdxae `d ea amt« kteamjýg `d mavjpae' D} vlx d}pa xaýg qtd ea eea« ka`a kaxnjgaej`a` }lmjae gl vtd`d }dx pxapa`a jg`dvdg`jdgpdkdgpd `de kl`l mlkl }d dgpxdeaag dg ea} dmlglkëa} `dvdg`jdgpd} de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol% qtd }d `dxjsa `d ea jk« vlxpamjýg `d pdmglelnëa% mlg ea kazlx drvelpa« mjýg `de pxahaoa`lx% qtd d}d atkdgpl `d ea vxl« `tmpjsj`a` bamd vl}jhed' Gl vlx lpxa xaýg ea kaxnjgaej`a` }ýel a`qtjd« xd }t vedga drvxd}jýg dg el} vaë}d} eapjglakdxjma«
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gl} ae `d}axxleeax}d dg ê}pl} ea dmlglkëa jg`t}« pxjae' Ea paxda ctg`akdgpae `d ea pdlxëa kaxrj}pa `d ea `dvdg`dgmja mlg}j}pd dg `dpdxkjgax ea ednaej`a` d}vdmjcjma vlx ea qtd }d xjnd ea dmlglkëa `dvdg« `jdgpd' Deel }tvlgd% `d}`d etdnl% veagpdax }t d}pt« `jl dg de mlgpdrpl ká} akvejl `d ea} edzd} `d `d}axxleel `de }j}pdka dg }t mlgotgpl z `dcjgjx el} nxa`l} jgpdxkd`jl} kd`jagpd el} mtaed} d}a} edzd} }d sag d}vdmjcjmag`l' D} a}ë mlkl ea }jktepagdj« `a` `d ea `dvdg`dgmja z `de `d}axxleel vl`xá }dx xdaekdgpd dgpdg`j`a' De mlgmdvpl `d }thjkvdxja+ ej}kl dkdxnd `d ea `dcjgjmjýg `d d}l} nxa`l} jg« pdxkd`jl} z avtgpa a ea d}vdmjcjmamjýg `d mýkl jgmj`d dg ea dmlglkëa `dvdg`jdgpd ea edz }dnÿg ea mtae de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol "z vlx dg`d `d ea mlkvl}jmjýg lxnágjma `de mavjpae* amaxxda tg atkdgpl `d ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg' D} dsj`dgpd qtd `jmbl mlgmdvpl gl anlpa ea plpaej`a` `de vxlhedka' Mlkl qtjdxa qtd }da% ea drjndgmja `d d}vdmjcj« max ea} edzd} ndgdxaed} `de `d}axxleel mavjpaej}pa gl vdxkjpd% `d}`d tg vtgpl `d sj}pa xjntxl}akdgpd mjdgpëcjml% xdmtxxjx a ndgdxaej`a`d} mlkl ea `d qtd ea gtdsa clxka `d ea `dvdg`dgmja xdvl}a dg ea vet}saeëa xdeapjsa z de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj« `a`' Z gl el vdxkjpd vlxqtd ê}pa d} ea maxampd« xë}pjma ndgdxae `d pl`l `d}axxleel mavjpaej}pa% ml«
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kl }d ba sj}pl' De vxlhedka d}pá vtd} dg `dpdxkj« gax de maxámpdx qtd a}tkd dg ea dmlglkëa `dvdg+ `jdgpd ea vxl`tmmjýg `d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa z de atkdgpl `d ea vxl`tmpjsj`a` `de pxahaol' Dg d}pd }dgpj`l% }d vtd`dg dgmlgpxax dg kj dg}azl jg`jmamjlgd} qtd% atgqtd glplxjakdgpd jg« }tcjmjdgpd}% vdxkjpdg sj}etkhxax de vxlhedka `d clg`l qtd ea pdlxëa kaxrj}pa `d ea `dvdg`dgmja d}pá txnj`a a dgcxdgpax? de bdmbl `d qtd ea} mlg« `jmjlgd} mxda`a} vlx ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxa« haol dg ea dmlglkëa mavjpaej}pa ` d v d g ` j d g p d p j d g « `dg a lh}pamtejax }t pxág}jpl `d}`d ea vxl`tmmjýg `d vet}saeëa ah}letpa a ea `d vet}saeëa xdeapjsa% dg pagpl qtd clxka `lkjgagpd dg ea} xdeamjlgd} dg« pxd de mavjpae z de pxahaol' Ea nxasjpamjýg `d}vxl« vlxmjlga`a qtd a}tkd dg de }j}pdka `dvdg`jdgpd ea vet}saeëa drpxalx`jgaxja d} tg xd}tepa`l `d d}pl z mlxxd}vlg`d a ea drvag}jýg `de doêxmjpl jg`t}« pxjae `d xd}dxsa z ae d}pxagnteakjdgpl xdeapjsl `d ea mavamj`a` `d xdaejamjýg `d ea vxl`tmmjýg' Ká} qtd kdxl} ammj`dgpd} dg de mtx}l `de `d}axxleel `dvdg`jdgpd l dedkdgpl} `d lx`dg pxag}jmjlgae% d}pl} cdgýkdgl} }lg kagjcd}pamjlgd} `d ea kagd« xa vaxpjmteax mlkl jgmj`d dg ea dmlglkëa `dvdg« `jdgpd ea edz ndgdxae `d ea amtkteamjýg `d mavjpae' Dg ÿepjka jg}pagmja% d} `d gtdsl a ea }tvdxdrvel« pamjýg `de pxahaol qtd pdgdkl} qtd xdcdxjxgl} vaxa agaejaxel}' D}pa} }lg aentga} mtd}pjlgd} }t}pagpjsa} `d kj
166
dg}azl% qtd mlgsdgëa vtgptaejax z ameaxax' Deea} d}pág xdacjxkag`l ea pd}j} mdgpxae qtd a e e ë }d } l } « pjdgd% d} `dmjx% ea `d qtd de ctg`akdgpl `d ea `d« vdg`dgmja d} ea }tvdxdrvelpamjýg `de pxahaol' Gl gl} qtd`a% dg d}pa hxdsd glpa% }jgl a`sdxpjx qtd e a } jkvejmamjlgd} `d e a }tvdxdrvelpamjýg pxa}mjdg« `dg de veagl `d agáej}j} dmlgýkjml z `dhdg }dx d}pt`ja`a} pakhjêg `d}`d de vtgpl `d sj}pa }lmjl« eýnjml z vleëpjml' D} asagag`l dg d}a `jxdmmjýg mlkl amdedxaxdkl} de vaxpl `d ea pdlxëa kaxrj}pa ` d e a ` d v d g ` d g m j a % e j h d x á g ` l e a ` d e a } maxampdxë}« pjma} ctgmjlgae+`d}axxleej}pa} qtd }d ed bag a`bdxj`l dg }t nd}pamjýg
161
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16 ▦ Sl Gntzd ntzdg g Nja Njav NTDXXA @DE VTDHEL% DODXMJPL @DE VTDHEL 11 ▦ Cdxg Cdxgag` ag`l l Hdgëpd Hdgëpd DG EA PJDX PJD X X A KANJMA @DE @D E VDZLPD VDZLPD 18 ▦ Ag`xd Ntg Ntg`d `dxx Cxagi Cxagi ETKVDGHTXNTD]JA? ETKVDG@D]AXXLEEL 1= ▦ Na}pý a}pýg g Naxmë Naxmëaa Magpÿ Magpÿ EA] JGSA]JLGD] GLXPDAK DXJMAGA] DG KDRJML 10 ▦ Dxg Dxgd}p d}p Kag` Kag`de de EA PDL XJA EDGJGJ]PA @D EA LXNAGJ_AMJLG 14 ▦ Axgae`l Axgae`l Mý Mýx`l x`lsa EA CLXKAM CLX KAMJLG JLG @DE VL@ VL@DX DX VLEJPJML DG KDRJML 13 ▦ Sëmplx Sëm plx ]dxnd EL QTD QTD PL@L XDSL XD SLETMJLGA ETMJLGAXJL XJL @DHD ]AHDX ]LHXD EA XDVXD]JLG 1> ▦ Eáaxl Máx`dg x`dgaa} J@DAXJL VLEJPJML 12 ▦ Xlhdxp Xlhdxp Ntj Ntjee eeaj ajg g MBJGA @D]VTD] @D EA XDSLETMJLG MTEPTXAE 1: ▦ Cdkag Cdkag`l `l Hdgë Hdgëpd pd PJDXXA JGMLNGJPA
86 ▦ Dxgd} xgd}pp Kag`d ag`dee JGPXL@TMMJLG GPXL@TMMJLG A EA PD PDLX LX JA DMLGLKJ DMLGLKJMA MA K AXRJ]PA AX RJ]PA 81 ▦ Njgl Ndxka Ndxkagj% gj% Plxmtapl ]' ]' `j Pdeja z Lmpasjl Eaggj VLVTEJ]KL Z MLGPXA@JMMJLGD] @D MEA]D DG EAPJGLAKDXJMA 88 ▦ Xtz Xtz Kat Katxl xl Kaxjg Kaxjgjj @JAEDMPJMA @D EA @DVDG@DGMJA 8= ▦ Dxgd} xgd}pp Kag Kag`d `dee DE @LEAX Z EA MXJ]J] @DE JKVDXJAEJ]KL JKVDXJAEJ]KL 80 ▦ Cdka Cdkag`l g`l Hdgëp Hdgëpd d BJ]PLXJA @D TG MBAKAG MLXA 84 ▦ Axka Axkag g` Kappde Kappdeaxp axp EA MTEPT MTE PTXA XA MLKL DKVXD KVXD]A ]A KTEPJGAMJLGAE 83 ▦ Axgae` Axgae`l l Mý Mýx`l x`lsa EA VLEJPJMA @D KA]A] @DE MAX@DGJ]KL 8> ▦ Cxjp Vav Vavvd vdg gbdjk bdjk EA DGAODGAMJLG @DE BLKHXD KL@DXGL 82 ▦ Xlndx lndx Haxpx xpxa D]PXTMPT D]PXTMPTXA XA AN XA XJA Z MEA]D] ]LMJAED] DG KDRJML 8: ▦ Maxel} Kj}p Kj}pxa xaee MBJED? @DE P X J T G C L VLVTEAX A E NLEVD CA]MJ]PA CA]MJ]PA
=6 ▦ Lmpa Lmpasj sjl l eagg eaggjj EA CLXKAMJLG @DE D]PA@L VLVTEJ]PA DG AKDXJMA EAPJGA =1 ▦ Cxê`êxjm Hlg Hlg z Kjmbde+Agpljgd Htxgjdx Htxgjdx ]EA]D LHXDXA Z XDSLETMJLG =8 ▦ A`lecl A`l ecl ]ágmbd Sáq Sáqtd td @DE ]LMJAEJ]KL M JDGPJCJML JDGP JCJML AE ]LMJAEJ ]LMJAEJ]KL ]KL TPLVJML == ▦ Xlndx lndx Naxa Naxat` t`zz JGPXL@TMMJLG A E D]PT@J D]PT@JL @D KAXR =0 ▦ Etmjl Etmjl Kanxj% Kanxj% Xl}} Xl}}ag agaa Xl} Xl}}a }ag` g`a% a% Cdkag`l Meat`ëg% Agëhae Qtjoagl KL SJKJDGPL LHXDXL LHXDXL Z AMMJLG AMMJLG VLEJPJMA V LEJPJMA =4 ▦ Ag`xê Ag`xê Net etmi mi}k }kag agg g DE SJDOL Z DE GTDSL GT DSL CA]M CA]MJJ]KL ]KL = 3 ▦ J}a J}aam @dtp @dtp}m }mbd bdxx EDGJG? EDG JG? EL] AÑL] @D CLXKAMJLG CLXKA MJLG => ▦ Xtz Katx Katxl l Kaxjg Kaxjgjj DE XDCLXKJ]KL Z EA MLGPXAXXDSLETMJLG =2 ▦ Agplgjl Agpl gjl ]ág ]ágmbd mbd Naxmë Naxmëaa MTEPTXA Z XDSLETMJLG =: ▦ ^jecx ^jecxd` d` Htxm Htxmbd bdpp pp VLXPTNAE? AÑL TGL @D EA XDSLETMJLG
0 6 ▦ Ag`xê Ag`xê Net Netmi mi}k }kag agg g BAMJA EA ]THSDX]J ]THSDX]JLG LG @DE PXAHAOL JGPDEDMPTAE 01 ▦ Vj Vjdx dxxd xd ]ae ]aeak akdd , Oam Oamqtd} Sa Saejdx ejdx TGA JGPXL@TMMJLG JGPXL@TMMJLG A EA DMLGLKJA VLEJPJMA 0 8 ▦ Nj}âed Baejkj Baejkj EA MAT]A MAT] A @D EA] KTODXD] 0 = ▦ ]t}aga Hxt Hxtga ga MBJED? MBJED? EA EDNAEJ@A@ SDGM J@A 00 ▦ Jxdg Jxdgdd E' Ndg` Ndg`j jddx CXAGP_ CAGLG' TG D]PT@JL MXJPJML 03 ▦ ^jec ^jecxd xd` ` Htxm Htxmbd bdpp pp EA @DXXLPA GLXPDAKD XJMAGA DG SJDPGAK 03 ▦ Kjm Kjmbâed bâed Kapp K appdeaxp deaxp EA MTEPTXA @D EA LVXD]JLG CDKDGJGA 0> ▦ Otag Otag Nýk Nýkd+Q d+Qtjñ tjñlg lgd} d} EA] J@DA] VLEJPJMA] @D XJMAX@L CELXD] KANLG 02 ▦ Nahxj ahxjde de ]kjx ]kjxgl gl~ ~ EA XDSLETMJLG @D]AXKA@A "MBJED 1:>6+1:>=* 0: ▦ ^jecxd` ^jecxd` Htxmb Htxmbdpp dpp , @dxdi @dxdi Xldht Xldhtmi mi EL] KDXMDGAXJL] DG AGNLEA 46 ▦ Dxgd} Dxgd}pl pl Max` Max`dg dgae ae DG MTHA
41 ▦ Lmpa Lmpasj sjl l Jagg Jaggj DE D]PA@L D]PA@L MAVJPAEJ]PA MAVJPAE J]PA DG EA DVLMA @D MAX@DGA] 48 ▦ Dxg Dxgd}p d}p Kag Kag`de `de PXAP A@L A@ L @D DMLGL DMLGLKJ KJA A KAX RJ]PA PLKL 1 4= ▦ Dxg Dxgd}p d}p Kag` ag`de PXAPA@L @D DMLGLKJA KAXRJ]PA PLKL 8 40 ▦ Dxgd xgd}p Kag Kag`de `de PXAPA@L @D DMLGLKJA KAXRJ]PA PLKL = 44 ▦ Nlx`l Nlx`lg g I' Ed~j} VTDXPL XJML? MLELGJAEJ]KL MLELGJAEJ]KL Z XDSLETMJ XDSLETMJLG LG 4 3 ▦ Axedgd Dj}d j}dg Hdx Hdxn nkag EA] KTODXD] @D SJDPGAK 4 > ▦ Vj Vjdx dxxd xd ]a ]aea eak ka ]LHXD DE SAELX 42 ▦ Xl}} Nag` Nag`zz JGPXL@TM MJLG A EA ]LMJLELNJA ]LMJLELNJA BJ]PLXJMA KAXRJ]PA 4: ▦ Xjmb jmbax` ax` Bzka Bzkag g DE KAXRJ]K KA XRJ]KL L Z EA ]LMJLELNJA ]LMJLELNJA @DE ]JG@JMAEJ]KL 36 ▦ Xlndx Hax Haxpx pxaa DE VL@DX @D]VLPJML HTXNTD]