Digital Marketing Best Practices Guide

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC NKZP V^BJPIJKZ C[I@K

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC

Nkst Vrbjtijks Cui`k

Pbnhk dg Jdetkets Kxkjutivk Zullbry

:

Smbt is @icitbh Lbraktiec4

7

@icitbh Lbraktiec & Pmk LLD

22

@icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks Lbtrix

2=

@icitbh Lbraktiec Lbturity Ld`kh

>6

@icitbh Lbraktiec Hbe`sjbpk

>:

Bebhyst Ndttdl Hiek

:;

Bjtide Vhbe

:7

Bndut @klbe` Lktrij

07

K]KJ[PIWK Z[LLB^Y


Kxkjutivk Zullbry It mbs nkke sbi` tmbt ‘Bhh Lbraktiec is @icitbh Lbraktiec,“ be` witm cdd` rkbsde! Ie tmk hbst `kjb`k (dr hkss), tmk lbraktiec kevirdelket mbs nkke

Pmis rkpdrt jdvkrs?

trbesgdrlk`. Lbraktiec mbs ldvk` grdl be kevirdelket ie wmijm trbìtidebh lbraktiec,

Jdetket Lbraktiec

nrija be` ldrtbr stdrkgrdets, be` @icitbh Lbraktiec dptides bhh jdlpktk` gdr tmk tilk, bttketide, be` rksdurjks dg tmk lbraktiec `kpbrtlket td dek ie wmijm @icitbh Lbraktiec rkices suprklk ‚ witm be djjbsidebh ed` ie tmk ìrkjtide dg tmk stdrkgrdet, dr trbìtidebh lbraktiec (ìrkjt lbih,

Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec

priet b`vkrtisiec, ktj.). Dek dg tmk nicckst jmbhhkecks dg @icitbh Lbraktiec is tmk spkk` bt wmijm it mbs tbake dvkr tmk lbraktiec drcbeizbtide, dgtke ie be b` mdj, uejddr-

Ldnihk Lbraktiec

ìebtk` gbsmide. @klbe` Lktrij’s rkskbrjm mbs jdesistkethy smdwe tmbt @icitbh Lbraktiec mbs b vkry siceifljbet be` pdsitivk ilpbjt de tmk drcbeizbtides tmbt brk

Wi`kd Lbraktiec

klphdyiec it wmke tmky `d sd ny gdhhdwiec nkst prbjtijks be` prdjkssks ie b jddrìebtk`, mdhistij bpprdbjm. Ie tmis Nkst Vrbjtijks ^kpdrt de @icitbh Lbraktiec wk wihh jdvkr tmk @i citbh

Vunhij ^khbtides

Lbraktiec hbe`sjbpk ie six ìstiejt jbtkcdriks.

Bjtide Vhbe

:


K]KJ[PIWK Z[LLB^Y

0

Sk prksket gdur ld`khs td kebnhk Ld`kre Lbraktkrs td tbak b mdhistij bpprdbjm td @icitbh Lbraktiec.Pmksk Lbraktiec. Pmksk gdur ld`khs brk?

Pmk Ld`kre Lbraktiec @kpbrtlket Ztrujturk, Ztrujturk , wmijm

Pmk @icitbh Lbraktiec Lbturity Ld`kh, Ld`kh, wmijm smdws tmk

dﬆkrs b hdda bt tmk aky guejtides ekk`k` td guhhy b``rkss

pbtmwby be drcbeizbtide smduh` tbak td lbturk ie its usk

@icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivks bjrdss tmk drcbeizbtide.

dg @icitbh Lbraktiec grdl B` Mdj td Sdrh` Jhbss. @ICIPBHLBÂKPIEC Lbturity Ld`kh ZPBCK0 ZPBCK: ZPBCK> -

@icitbh Lbraktiec

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Driketbtide

Hkb`krsmip

P h htgrl

ZPBCK2 -

Ed`kflek` strbtkcydrprdjkss gdr @icitbhLbraktiecdr ìcitbhprdpkrtiks

@dksedtskkìﬆkrkejknktwkke @icitbhbe` PrbìtidebhLbraktiec

m j v h l et et 1 i et t h r l i h , J et e t e j i h r t ie 1 l i h r vi

i

@kflek`strbtkcybe`prdjk sskskxist sskskxist gdr@icitbhLbraktieciepdjaktsietmk drcbeizbtide

@kflek`,ietkcrbtk `strbtkcybe` `strbtkcybe` prdjksskskxis tgdr@icitbhLbraktiec bjrdssbeKetkrprisk

@kflek`, ietkcrbtk` strbtkcygdr@icitbh Lbraktieckxists bjrdss be Ketkrprisk1 Jblpbices brktrbjak` be` lkbsurk` nykﬆkjtivkekssdgkecbcklketbe` jdevkrside

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Wikws ìcitbhbs ekw lbraktiec jmbeekh1 Bhhdjbtks nu`ckt&stbﬆ rksdurjks

^kjdceizk stmbt@icitbhLbraktiecisdleistmbt@icitbhLbraktiecisdleijmbeekhbe`tmkakyjdlpdek etiebuìetiebuìkejkkecbcklk e ettd`rivkprkgkrkejk& ttd`rivkprkgkrkejk& hdybhty1Hdectkrljdllitlket1Sihhiec pbrtijipbet1^ksdu rjksgdrcrdwtm rjksgdrcrdwtm

Vhbtgdrls tmbtpkrgdrl spkjiflj guejt i e i mt j r i e t t h , h ji t i e e r

Vhbtgdrls jdeekjtk` tdkbjmdtmkri.k. J e t et e l e t t J e t et r te i t jihHitee i I i et r t i e t e t r r i J e yt l

Wikws @icitbhLbraktiecbs aky jdlpdeketiejustdlkrkecbcklketstrbtkcybe` prilbrygdjus gdrlbraktiectkbl1 Drcbeizbtide bhicek`be`lkbsurk`brdue` @icitbhLbraktiec’s jdetrinutide td rkvkeuk

[tihizksjdlprkmkesivk,ke`-td-ke` systkl ietkcrbtide dgbhh@icitbh r t ei r h t h t r l im t ti m t i e t r t i et e t r r i J , e tm r h jy y t l

Pmk Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide Lbturity Ld`kh, Ld`kh, wmijm

Pmk @icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks Lbtrix, Lbtrix, wmijm micmhicmts tmk

smdws tmk prdcrksside be` pbtmwby b lbraktiec `kpbrt-

rdhks, rkspdesinihitiks, prdjkssks, tkjmedhdcy, jdetket,

lket smduh` tbak td lbturk grdl b Jdst Jketkr td b Sdrh`

be` lktrijs gdr kﬆkjtivk @icitbh Lbraktiec strbtkciks.

Jhbss Drcbeizbtide, rkspdesinhk gdr, be` lkbsurk` de, `riviec sbhks be` rkvkeuk. SD^H@ JHBZZ LBÂKPIEC D^CBEI_BPIDE Lbturity Ld`kh

WIKS ^KZD[^JK HKWKH0 HKWKH: -

Sdrh`Jhbss Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide

Driketbtide

Hkb`krsmip

Ztb﬊ec

HKWKH> HKWKH 2 -

Wkryrkbjtivk ,dpkrbtidebh,edt ,dpkrbtidebh,edt strbtkcij,edphbe

Edskeidrhkb`krsmipie Lbraktiec,pdssinhybLbebckr

Iegdrlbhrdhks&rkspdesinihitiks, edodn`ksjriptide

u M j

t

i t ,

e i e i

Ztihhrkbjtivk ,sdlkjblpbicephbe ,sdlkjblpbicephbe eiec,edstrbtkci jphbe

@irkjtdrdgLbraktiec,witm VrdokjtdrVrdcrblLbebckrs

Nbsijodn`ksjriptidesiephbjk nut rbrkhyup`btk`

l h u u jm t r

t m

i t g r itit l , t j.

Sdraie cgrdlbstrbtkcijlbraktiec cgrdlbstrbtkcijlbraktiec phbebe`jblpbicephb es es

WV,@irkjtdrdgLbraktiec, VrdcrblLbebckrs

Odn`ksjriptides&pkrgdrlbejk rkvikws`dekrkcuhbrhy

u j

t r

e

jr jr

i t e t t

u ei ou titig

Lbraktiecphbebhi cek`witmbe` `rivksnusiekss phbeeiec

WIKS ^KZD[^JK JLD,WVs,@irkjtdrs,Lbebckrs be`VrdcrblLbebckrs

JLDjdlpkesbtidetik` td rkvkeuk&lbraktiec pkrgdrlbejk

u t ei i j ee ee j t t r v eu eu r tm t r t


K]KJ[PIWK Z[LLB^Y

;

Dur cdbh is td kebnhk tmk Ld`kre Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide (LLD) td jrkbtk

Dur Zdhutides skjtide jdvkrs tmk @icitbh Lbraktiec systkls, vke`drs, be`

b mdhistij, ke`-td-ke`, ketkrprisk-hkvkh bpprdbjm td @icitbh Lbraktiec.

bpphijbtides grdl tmk flvk @icitbh Lbraktiec guejtides? Jdetket Lbraktiec,

Mkrk brk sdlk dg tmk micmhicmts? Pmk `kptm be` nrkb`tm dg @icitbh Lbraktiec mbs jrkbtk` b jdlpkhhiec ekk` witmie tmk LLD td cbie jdetrdh dg it. @icitbh Lbraktiec mbs kvdhvk` ie gdur stbcks, kxtkrebhhy be` ietkrebhhy. Kxtkrebhhy, wk mbvk skke tmk justdlkr kxpkrikejk lbturk grdl lbss ìsphby be` nrdb`jbst td micmhy pkrsdebhizk` rkbh-tilk kxpkrikejks.

Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec, Ldnihk Lbraktiec, Wi`kd Lbraktiec, be` Vunhij ^khbtides. Kbjm dg tmksk jbtkcdriks is jdvkrk` ie ldrk `ktbih ie dur @icitbh Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y Zkriks. B`ìtidebhhy, @icitbh Lbraktiec tkbls ekk` td kvbhubtk be` ietkcrbtk tmkir bpprdbjm td wknsitks, hbeìec pbcks be` lijrdsitks, dehiek b`vkrtisiec be` ZKD, jrkbtivk `ksice skrvijks, be` virtubh kvkets.

Ietkrebhhy, wk mbvk skke tkjmedhdciks lbturk grdl b` mdj pdiet sdhutides td guhhy ietkcrbtk`, ke`-td-ke` systkls jdeekjtk` bjrdss tmk Ketkrprisk, bt kvkry tdujmpdiet be` `khivkry jmbeekh.

@klbe` Lktrij’s aky rkjdllke`btide grdl tmis rkpdrt is tmbt @icitbh Lbraktiec jbe lbak b siceifljbet be` pdsitivk ilpbjt de drcbeizbtides tmbt brk klphdyiec it, wmke tmky `d sd ny gdhhdwiec nkst prbjtijks be` prdjkssks mdhistijbhhy ietkcrbtk` bjrdss tmk flvk aky jbtkcdriks histk` bndvk. Sk dﬆkr tmis Nkst Vrbjtijks ^kpdrt td kebnhk ydur drcbeizbtide td lbak ydur @icitbh Lbraktiec guejtide tmk nkst tmbt it jbe nk.


SMBP IZ @ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC4

Smbt is @icitbh Lbraktiec4 @klbe` Lktrij `kfleks @icitbh Lbraktiec bs?

Pmk strbtkciks, prdjkssks, tddhs, be` tkjmedhdciks tmbt suppdrt tmk `kvkhdplket, `kphdylket, lbebcklket, be` lkbsurklket dg ìcitbh khklkets usk` gdr lbraktiec be` b`vkrtisiec.

@icitbh Lbraktiec is, bt its ldst nbsij, tmk usk dg khkjtrdeij lkbes td prksket b jdlpbey, prdùjt, be` skrvijks td justdlkrs, prdspkjtivk nuykrs, be` tmk lbraktphbjk. Pmk tkrl @icitbh Lbraktiec is sd nrdb` tmbt it mbs bhldst hdst bhh jdetkxtubh lkbeiec. Pmk purpdsk dg tmis rkpdrt is td put b sdhi` grblkwdra brdue` @icitbh Lbraktiec sd tmbt Ld`kre Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtides jbe lkbsurk tmkir prdcrkss be` sujjkss ie bjmikviec tmkir @icitbh Lbraktiec cdbhs. Nrdb`hy, @icitbh Lbraktiec iejhu`ks tmk jrkbtide be` ìstrinutide dg lbraktiec tmrducm sdgtwbrk, tmk Ietkrekt, be` Zdjibh Lkìb. It bhsd jdvkrs tmk prdùjtide dg `djulkets ny khkjtrdeij lkbes sujm bs ìcitbh prietiec. Ziejk virtubhhy

Ndttdl-hiek

bhh `djulkets td`by brk `ksicek` ie sdgtwbrk sujm bs B`dnk Vmdtdsmdp dr Ie@ksice be` prietk` de ìcitbh prietkrs, it is kbsy td skk wmy wk sby bhh

@icitbh Lbraktiec `rivks rkvkeuk ny jrkbtiec b ueiquk be`

lbraktiec is @icitbh Lbraktiec.

lkldrbnhk ìcitbh kxpkrikejk gdr tmk justdlkr dr prdspkjt.

7



Lbraktiec’s gdjus de @icitbh Lbraktiec jdetieuks td crdw bs ldrk drcbeizbtides hkbre mdw td usk ìcitbh rksdurjks gdr wknsitk trb﬊j, `klbe`

GIC[^K 2? VK^JKEPBCK DG LBÂKPIEC N[@CKP BHHDJB BHH DJBPK@ PK@ PD @ICI @ICIPB PBH H

ckekrbtide, jdetket lbraktiec, dehiek b`vkrtisiec, be` ldnihk/vi`kd lbraktiec `kvkhdplket. Pmk ldst sdpmistijbtk` lbraktkrs rkbhizk tmbt tmk vbhuk dg @icitbh

7%

Lbraktiec is edt oust gdr hkb` ckekrbtide be` eurturiec, b`vkrtisiec, be`

@de’t aedw

0%

Ldrk tmbe =;%

jdetket lbraktiec.

Edek

Pmk truk pdwkr rksts ie jrkbtiec ìcitbh kxpkrikejks tmbt jbe `rivk nrbe` kquity, jrkbtk hbstiec rkhbtidesmips, be` ìrkjthy ilpbjt sbhks, rkvkeuks, be` prdflts.

26% 72 td =;%

@klbe` Lktrij’s @icitbh Lbraktiec Hbe`sjbpk Nkejmlbra ^kpdrt kxbl^kpdrt kxbliek` tmk lbodr gbjtdrs `riviec @icitbh Kxpkrikejks iejhuìec nu`ckts,

=%

jrkbtide pridritiks, phbtgdrls, sdpmistijbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejks,

07 td 76%

>=% 2 td 2;%

bpprdbjmks, be` lkbsurklkets.

2=% 27 td :6%

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC HBE@ZJBVK Nkejmlbra ^kpdrt

2>% :2 td 0;%

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

3



Mkrk brk sdlk jdejhusides grdl tmk rkpdrt? ;=% dg stu`y pbrtijipbets brk bhhdjbtiec hkss tmbe mbhg dg tmkir nu`ckts

GIC[^K >? @ICIPBH K]VKÎKEJK J^KBPIDE VÎDÎPY

td ìcitbh lbraktiec, wmijm hkbvks rddl gdr crdwtm. Ykt, lbraktkrs mbvk hdec ue`krstdd` tmbt tmk ìcitbh lbraktiec `dhhbr cdks gbrtmkr

=%

tmbe tmk trbìtidebh lbraktiec `dhhbr, sd tmk nu`ckt gdr ìcitbh ieitib-

Hdw

tivks `de’t ìrkjthy ieìjbtk tmkir ilpbjt (Gicurk (Gicurk 2). 2).

:% Wkry hdw

;9% dg stu`y pbrtijipbets rbtk` tmk jrkbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejks kitmkr ‘micm“ dr ‘vkry micm“ bs b lbrakti ec pridrity (Gicurk (Gicurk >). >).

>0%

B rkhbtidesmip rkhbtidesmip kxists nktwkke phbjiec b micm micm pridrity pridrity de ìcitbh ìcitbh kxpkrikejk lbraktiec be` rkvkeuk crdwtm. 37% crdwtm. 37% dg stu`y pbrtijipbets tmbt rkpdrtk` rkvkeuk crdwtm ie tmk ldst rkjket flsjbh ykbr bh sd put b micm pridrity de ìcitbh kxpkrikejk jrkbtide. Gdr drcbeizbtides tmbt rkpdrtk` `kjhieiec rkvkeuk crdwtm, dehy 7% rkpdrtk` tmbt ìcitbh kxpkrikejk jrkbtide wbs b micm pridrity. Pmk ldrk sdpmistijbtk` dr b`vbejk` tmk ìcitbh kxpkrikejk, tmk ldrk lbceiflk` tmk kﬆkjt is de nrbe` pkrjkptide? 92% dg stu`y pbrtijipbets tmbt brk `kphdyiec sdpmistijbtk` ìcitbh kxpkrikejks rkpdrt tmbt tmksk kﬆdrts mbvk b gbvdrbnhk ie﬎ukejk de nrbe` nrbe` pkrjkptide. Bt tmk nbsij hkvkh dg sdpmistijbtide, dehy ;6% dg pbrtijipbets rkpdrt tmis gbvdrbnhk ilpbjt. Gdr drcbeizbtides ie wmijm sdpmistijbtide is b`vbejk` ie tmk jrkbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejks, =:% brk bhsd kxpkrikejiec rkvkeuk crdwtm. Oust 7% be` 22% dg drcbeizbtides, rkspkjtivkhy, tmbt brk bhsd `kphdyiec b`vbejk` dr ldrk sdpmistijbtk` ìcitbh kxpkrikejks brk ie ﬎bt dr `kjhieiec rkvkeuk crdwtm situbtides.

Wkry micm

:6% :6 % Ld`krbtk

:;% :; % Micm

=



9

Pmk nkekflts dg kﬆkjtivk @icitbh Lbraktiec spbe bjrdss tmk LLD, tdujmiec skvkrbh rdhks be` `kpbrtlkets, iejhuìec Zkeidr Lbebcklket, Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides, @klbe` Ckekrbtide, Jdetket Lbraktiec, Jdllueity, Zdjibh Lkìb, Vunhij ^khbtides, Vrdùjt Lbraktiec, be` Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk. Mkrk brk sdlk dg tmk tdp nkekflts wk mbvk dnskrvk` ie b jdlprkmkesivk hdda bt @icitbh Lbraktiec. Ldrk nkekflts, ìrkjthy rkhbtk` td kbjm jbtkcdry, brk gdue` ie tmk rkspkjtivk sdhutide stuìks. 2 >

Jrkbtks tmk nkst ìcitbh kxpkrikejk td kxpkrikejk td `rivk kecbcklket. witm justdlkrs be` Jrkbtks be decdiec, rkbh-tilk rkhbtidesmip rkhbtidesmip witm prdspkjts.

:

@rivks nrbe` pkrjkptide bjrdss pkrjkptide bjrdss bhh jmbeekhs be` tdujm pdiets.

0

bt tmk ricmt buìVrdvi`ks tbrcktk`, pkrsdebhizk`, hdjbhizk` jdetket jdetket bt kejk bt tmk ricmt tilk.

;

Iejrkbsks jdevkrside rbtks bjrdss rbtks bjrdss bhh lkìb jmbeekhs.

7

Vrdvi`ks b jdesistket justdlkr kxpkrikejk ny kxpkrikejk ny prdviìec jdetket gdr

9

grdl wkn. 26

=

Iejrkbsks wknsitk be` nhdc trb﬊j be` ZKD.

22

Ztbys jdeekjtk` td tmk justdlkr bs tmky ldvk grdl VJ td pmdek td tbnhkt be` nbja.

2>

Vrdvi`ks nkttkr justdlkr skrvijk ny skrvijk ny mbe`hiec prdnhkls be` jdlphbiets quijahy be` pkrsdebhhy usiec sdjibh histkeiec.

2:

Cbies prdùjt aedwhk`ck gdr guturk prdùjts be` skrvijks ny skrvijks ny hkbreiec wmbt justdlkrs brk bsaiec gdr de sdjibh ektwdras.

20

Hkbres wmd mbs tmk ie﬎ukejk be` jhdut ie vbridus sdjibh jdllueitiks be` tiks be` `kvkhdps `kkpkr rkhbtidesmips witm tmkl.

Jdhhkjts ldrk rkhkvbet be` bjjurbtk justdlkr `btb bjrdss `btb bjrdss luhtiphk tdujm pdiets.

Ckts be ietkcrbtk` vikw dg tmk justdlkr’s tdtbh kxpkrikejk tmbt kxpkrikejk tmbt is edt grbclketk` ny tmk `kvijk be` sdgtwbrk tmky brk usiec.

b spkjiflj nuykr pkrsdeb bt b tbrcktk` stbck ie tmk nuykr’s odureky. odureky. 3

Vrdvi`ks b ebtivk ldnihk justdlkr kxpkrikejk, kxpkrikejk , edt dek rk-`ksicek`

2;

[sks vi`kd td prdvi`k jdhhbtkrbh gdr sdjibh lbraktiec, lbraktiec, kembejk jdetket ieitibtivks, be` prdùjk ldrk rkbhistij justdlkr kxpkrikejks.


@kspitk tmk nkekflts nkiec bjmikvk` ny tmdsk `diec @icitbh Lbraktiec wkhh, sdlk lbraktiec drcbeizbtides jdetieuk td strucchk witm tmk trbesitide grdl trbìtidebh td @icitbh Lbraktiec. Edt surprisiechy, surprisiechy, tmk twd aky nbrrikrs td klnrbjiec @icitbh Lbraktiec brk kùjbtide be` rksdurjks. rksdurjks. Lbraktiec drcbeizbtides bhrkb`y strktjmk` gdr tilk be` ldeky brk rkhujtbet td tbak de ldrk rkspdesinihity dr klnrbjk jmbeck. Lujm dg tmis is `rivke ny Zkeidr Lbebcklket hkb`krsmip.

Zkeidr Lbebcklket tmbt ìsjduets dr vikws @icitbh Lbraktiec bs oust bedtmkr jmbeekh dptide `d edt kxpke` tmk rksdurjks td jrkbtk kecbciec ìcitbh kxpkrikejks, wmihk tmdsk tmbt skk ìcitbh bs tmk prilbry lbraktiec jmbeekh skk siceifljbet rkvkeuk cbies.


26


@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC & PMK LLD

22

@icitbh Lbraktiec & Pmk LLD Pmk wi`k vbrikty dg @icitbh Lbraktiec dppdrtueitiks mbs jrkbtk` b jdlpkh-

Dur @icitbh Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztuìks jbe nk nkst `ksjrink` bs gdhhdws?

hiec ekk` witmie tmk LLD td cbie jdetrdh dg @icitbh Lbraktiec. Ie ldst jdlpbeiks, @icitbh Lbraktiec mbs crdwe drcbeijbhhy witm lbey ie`kpke`ket ieitibtivks jrdppiec up td b``rkss dek lbraktiec ekk` bgtkr bedtmkr.

Dur Jdetket Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y hddas bt tmk rbeck dg jdetket phbtgdrls. Sk kxbliek tmk hbe`sjbpk, vke`drs be` sdhutides gdr tmk tmrkk gdue`btide phbtgdrls ‚ Skn Jdetket Lbebcklket

[ehiak tmk `bys dg ydrk wmke bhh jdlputkrs be` systkls wkrk ue`kr tmk

(SJL), Jdetket Lbraktiec (JLZ), be` Jdetket @istrinu-

jdetrdh dg IP `kpbrtlkets, @icitbh Lbraktiec’s nu`ckts, tddhs, be` tkjm-

tide (J@Z).

edhdciks brk sprkb` bjrdss tmk drcbeizbtide be` ‘ie tmk jhdu`.“

Pmksk phbtgdrls be` tddhskts prdvi`k tmk strujturk tmbt

Pmk jmbhhkeck witm tmbt bpprdbjm is tmbt tmk sujjkss rbtk dg @icitbh

jdetket lbraktkrs ekk` td jrkbtk rkhkvbet be` pkrsdebh-

Lbraktiec ieitibtivks brk hilitk` wmke tmky `d edt iejhu`k ketkrprisk

izk` jdetket gdr kbjm dg tmkir ieìviùbh buìkejks.

`btb ietkcrbtide witm kxistiec J^L, ZGB, be` Lbraktiec Butdlbtide systkls. Pd b``rkss tmbt jmbhhkeck gdr tmk LLD, tmis rkpdrt, jdlniek` witm dur Zdhutide Ztu`y Zkriks, kxbliek tmk prilbry phbtgdrls gdr flvk ìcit bh guej-

JDEPKEP LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y

tides ‚ Jdetket Lbraktiec, Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec, Ldnihk Lbraktiec, Wi`kd Lbraktiec, be` Vunhij ^khbtides. Iesicmts, Hbe`sjbpk, & Wke`dr Bebhysis

WIKS ^KZD[^JK



2>

Dur Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y kxblieks Zdjibh Lkìb strbtkciks be` prdjkssks de gdur aky phbt-

Dur Wi`kd Dur Wi`kd Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y kxblieks tmk hbe`Ztu`y kxblieks

gdrls ‚ Zdjibh Histkeiec, Zdjibh Kecbcklket, Zdjibh Kxpk-

prdùjtide, be` lbraktiec.

rikejk, Zdjibh Bebhytijs, be` tmk lbodr Zdjibh Ektwdras.

sjbpk, vke`drs, be` sdhutides gdr vi`kd `kvkhdplket,

Sk kvbhubtk tmk prilbry vi`kd mdstiec be` smbriec phbtgdrls tmbt kebnhk lbraktkrs td prdvi`k iegdrlbtide, kùjbtide, b`vijk, be`/dr ketkrtbielket td tmkir tbrckt

ZDJIBH LK@IB LBÂKPIEC

buìkejks. WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Zdhutide Ztu`y

Iesicmts, Hbe`sjbpk, & Wke`dr Bebhysis

WI@K WI @KD D LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Dur Ldnihk Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y is `ksicek` td prdvi`k b sdhi` ue`krstbeìec dg tmk jurrket Ldnihk Iesicmts, Hbe`sjbpk, & Wke`dr Bebhysis

Lbraktiec kevirdelket. Sk kxbliek tmk hbe`sjbpk, vke`drs, be` sdhutides gdr twd jbtkcdriks dg Ldnihk Lbraktiec ‚ Ldnihk Bpphijbtide @kvkhdplket (LB@V) be` Ldnihk Jdetket @kvkhdplket & Lbebcklket (LJ@V) ‚ td kebnhk lbraktkrs td iejdrpdrbtk ldnihk witmie tmkir nrdb`kr @icitbh Lbraktiec Ztrbtkcy.

LDNIHK LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y

Dur Vunhij ^khbtides Zdhutide Ztu`y prdvi`ks iesicmts be` bebhysis td mkhp lbraktkrs ue`krstbe` tmk sdhutides bvbihbnhk td mkhp tmk ld`kre V^ prbjtitidekr.

V[NHIJ ^KHBPIDEZ

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Zdhutide Ztu`y

Iesicmts, Hbe`sjbpk, & Wke`dr Bebhysis Iesicmts, Hbe`sjbpk, & Wke`dr Bebhysis

WIKS ^KZD[^JK



2:

@klbe` Lktrij `kfleks tmk Ld`kre Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide (LLD) bs

Bs tmk drcbeizbtide prdcrkssks ie lbturity tmrducm Hkvkh > (Ekutrbh)

`riviec tmk rkvkeuk dg tmk j dlpbey tmrducm tmk bjquisitide, kecbcklket,

be` Hkvkh : (Jdetrinutdr), it is bnhk td prdvi`k kvi`kejk gdr its iejrkbsiec

`kvkhdplket, be` lbietkebejk dg hdec-tkrl, jdst kﬆkjtivk rkhbtidesmips

rkvkeuk jdetrinutide tmrducm lktrijs tmbt oustigy lbraktiec spke` be`

witm justdlkrs.

stbﬆ rksdurjks.

Ie nrikg, tmk LLD mbs rkspdesinihity gdr sustbiek` rkvkeuk ckekrbtide,

Bt Hkvkh 0 (Vrdflt Jketkr) tmk drcbeizbtide mbs strdec kxkjutivk lbebck-

Zbhks Kebnhklket, be` butmdrity dvkr bhh dg tmk prdjkssks, tkjmedhdciks,

lket suppdrt. It is hk` ny be kxkjutivk bnhk td td guhhy stbﬆ be` rksdurjk

tddhs, be` tbhket tmbt suppdrt tmk ‘justdlkr ueivkrsk.“ ueivkrsk.“ Pmbt ekw

tmk drcbeizbtide gdr sujjkss.

rkspdesinihity gdr rkvkeuk ckekrbtide is b aky `rivkr gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec td jrkbtk nkttkr ìcitbh kxpkrikejks wmijm wihh rksuht ie nkttkr hkb`s, ldrk sbhks dppdrtueitiks, be` sustbiebnhk justdlkr rkhbtidesmips. Bs @klbe` Lktrij’s Sdrh` Jhbss Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide Lbturity Ld`kh smdws (ekxt pbck), tmk ldrk lbturk tmk drcbeizbtide, tmk ldrk it jdetrinutks td tmk dvkrbhh rkvkeuk pijturk. @klbe` Lktrij’s Sdrh` Jhbss Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide Lbturity Ld`kh kxblieks skvke lbraktiec jdlpdekets bjrdss gdur stbcks, ihhustrbtiec jdllde dr nkst prbjtijks bt kbjm stbck. Bt Hkvkh 2, tmk lbraktiec drcbeizbtide is vikwk` bs b Jdst Jketkr,

Lktrijs sujm bs Justdlkr Higktilk Wbhuk (JHW), Nrbe` Kquity lkbsurklkets, be` Justdlkr Jdst td Bjquirk prdvi`k qubetitbtivk suppdrt gdr lbraktiec’s rdhk. Edt surprisiechy, dur stuìks smdw tmbt ldrk lbturk drcbeizbtides, wmijm bhsd mbvk b ldrk jddrìebtk` bpprdbjm td @icitbh Lbraktiec, rkbp tmk nkekflts. Bs edtk` ie dur @icitbh Lbraktiec Hbe`sjbpk Nkejmlbra Ztu`y , ;9% dg tmk pbrtijipbets rbtk` tmk jrkbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejk micm dr vkry micm.

prilbrihy rkspdesinhk gdr sbhks suppdrt witm gkw rksdurjks be` ed wby td

Kqubhhy ilpdrtbet, 37% dg tmk stu`y pbrtijipbets rkpdrtiec rkvkeuk crdwtm ie

kﬆkjtivkhy smdw its jdetrinutide td rkvkeuk.

tmk ldst rkjket flsjbh ykbr put b micm pridrity de ìcitbh kxpkrikejk jrkbtide.

Gdr b ldrk `ktbihk` hdda bt tmk LLD, phkbsk `dwehdb` dur Mdw-Pd Mdw-Pd Cui`k? Pmk Ld`kre Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide. Drcbeizbtide .

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

SD^H@ JHBZZ LBÂKPIEC D^CBEI_B D^CBEI_BPIDE PIDE Lbturity Ld`kh HKWKH 0 HKWKH : -

Sdrh` Jhbss Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide

Driketbtide

Hkb`krsmip

Ztb﬊ec

Nu`ckt

HKWKH > HKWKH 2 -

Wkry rkbjtivk, dpkrbtidebh, edt strbtkcij, ed phbe

Ed skeidr hkb`krsmip ie Lbraktiec, pdssinhy b Lbebckr

Iegdrlbh rdhks & rkspdesinihitiks, rkspdesinihitiks, ed odn `ksjriptides

Ed nu`ckt kxists, spkeìec is B` Mdj

Ztihh rkbjtivk, sdlk jblpbice phbeeiec, ed strbtkcij phbe

@irkjtdr dg Lbraktiec, witm Vrdokjt dr Vrdcrbl Lbebckrs

Nbsij odn `ksjriptides ie phbjk nut rbrkhy up`btk`

B slbhh nu`ckt kxists gdr itkls sujm bs trb`k smdws, ktj.

Sdraiec grdl b strbtkcij lbraktiec phbe be` jblpbice phbes

WV, @irkjtdr dg Lbraktiec, Vrdcrbl Lbebckrs

Odn `ksjriptides & pkrgdrlbejk rkvikws `dek rkcuhbrhy

B nu`ckt kxists be` nusiekss jbsks brk jrkbtk` td oustigy spke`

Lbraktiec phbe bhicek` witm be` `rivks nusiekss phbeeiec

JLD, WVs, @irkjtdrs, Lbebckrs be` Vrdcrbl Lbebckrs

JLD jdlpkesbtide tik` td rkvkeuk & lbraktiec pkrgdrlbejk

Nu`cktiec is jdeekjtk` td rkvkeuk crdwtm tbrckts

SD^H@ JHBZZ LBÂKPIEC D^CBEI_B D^CBEI_BPIDE PIDE Lbturity Ld`kh Sdrh` Jhbss Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide

Vrdjkssks

Zystkls

Lktrijs

Kxkjutivk Vkrspkjtivk dg Lbraktiec

HKWKH 2 -

Ed prdjkssks, bjtivitiks `dek b` mdj, rkbjtivk ie ebturk

Lieilbh lbraktiec tkjmedhdcy ie phbjk

Ed lktrijs dr b gdjus de b`vkrtisiec? #ilprkssides, #b`s

Jdst-jketkr, edt b strbtkcij guejtide

HKWKH > -

Bjtivitiks brk rkpkbtbnhk be` sdlk prdjkssks brk `kflek`

Hkcbjy justdlkr `btbnbsk dr J^L systkl, klbih lbraktiec

Vkrbtidebh lktrijs sujm bs dpke rbtks, jhija-tmrus, rkcistrbtides

Jdst-jketkr, sbhks suppdrt guejtide

HKWKH : -

Bhh prdjkssks brk `kflek` be` sdlk lkbsurklket ie phbjk

J^L, lbraktiec butdlbtide, witm sdlk ietkcrbtide.

HKWKH 0 -

Bhh prdjkssks brk `kflek`, lkbsurk`, lbebck`, be` dptilizk`

Bhh systkls guhhy ietkcrbtk`, bebhytijs & nusiekss ietkhhickejk

Jdst pkr hkb` (JVH), rkekwbh rbtk %, #sbhks qubhiflk` hkb`s jrkbtk`

Justdlkr higktilk vbhuk (JHW), nrbe` kquity, jdst td bjquirk, ^DI

Jdst-jketkr, Jdst-jketkr, ﬎bsmks dg nrihhibejk

Zdurjk dg rkvkeuk, strbtkcij guejtide

Sbet td rbtk ydur drcbeizbtide’s Sdrh` Jhbss Lbraktiec lbturity witm be ietkrbjtivk tddh4 @dwehdb` dur Sdrh` Jhbss Lbraktiec Bssksslket be` ckt stbrtk` td`by!

WIKS ^KZD[^JK


Bs edtk` kbrhikr, rkspdesinihity gdr tmk vbridus khklkets dg @icitbh Lbraktiec spbes tmk drcbeizbtide. Gicurk : (de : (de tmk ekxt pbck) smdws be drc jmbrt gdr b li`-hkvkh td ketkrprisk sizk Ld`kre Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide. Bhh rdhks brk ilpdrtbet mkrk. Ig tmk jdlpbey `dks edt mbvk mkb`jduet gdr kbjm rdhk, tmk guejtides jbe stihh nk mbe`hk` tmrducm lbraktiec bjtivitiks.

Sitmie tmis strujturk, ìcitbh lbraktiec rkspdesinihitiks brk smbrk` ny tmk JLD, WV dg @klbe` Ckekrbtide, Jdetket Lbraktiec Lbebckr, Kvket Lbraktiec Lbebckr, WV dg Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides, Jdllueity be` Zdjibh Lkìb Lbebckrs, Vunhij ^khbtides Lbebckr, Vrdùjt Lbraktiec be` Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk Lbebcklket Pkbl.


27



GIC[^K :? LD@KÊ LBÂKPIEC @KVB^PLKEP ZP^[JP[^K

JLD Justdlkr B`visdry Jduejih

WV @klbe` Ckekrbtide

WV Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides

Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk (J]) Lbebcklket Pkbl

WV Vrdùjt @kvkhdplket

WV Justdlkr Zujjkss

WV Zbhks Kebnhklket

Jdetket Lbraktiec Lbebckr(s)

Jdllueity & Zdjibh Lkìb Lbebckr

Lbrakt Bebhyst(s)

@irkjtdr, Vrdgkssidebh Zkrvijks

Lbraktiec Dpkrbtides Lbebckr

Kvket Lbraktiec Lbebckr(s)

Vunhij/Bebhyst/ Ievkstdr ^khbtides Lbebckr

Vrdùjt Lbebckr(s)

Vrdgkssidebh Zkrvijks Jdesuhtbet(s)

Hkb` Rubhifljbtide Zpkjibhist

Lbraktiec Vrdcrbl Lbebckr(s)

Jrkbtivk @irkjtdr

Vrdùjt Lbraktiec Lbebckr(s)

Justdlkr Zujjkss Lbebckr(s)

Iesi`k Zbhks ^kp(s)

Bckejy Vrdokjt Lbebckr(s)

Vrdùjt @kvkhdplket Keciekkr(s)

Justdlkr Zuppdrt Pkjmeijibe(s)

Crbpmij @ksicekr

J^L/Lbraktiec Butdlbtide Zystkls B`lieistrbtdr

23


@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC ^DHKZ LBPÎ]

2=

@icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks Lbtrix Ldnihk Lbraktiec Dur @icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks Lbtrix (ekxt pbck) prdvi`ks be bt-b-chbejk

Ldnihk Lbraktiec prdjkssks, tkjmedhdciks, be` phbtgdrls

vikw dg tmk aky jdlpdekets dg @icitbh Lbraktiec? rdhks, rkspdesinihitiks,

brk usk` prilbrihy ny Vrdùjt Lbraktiec, wmijm is rkspde-

prdjkssks, tkjmedhdcy, jdetket, be` lktrijs. Kbjm dg dur six tkjmedhdcy/

sinhk gdr tmk `kvkhdplket be` `kphdylket dg ldnihk

vke`dr jbtkcdriks is rkprksketk` ie tmk @icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks Lbtrix,

bpps. Pmbt sbi`, skvkrbh dtmkr rdhks jdetrinutk td jdetket

bs gdhhdws?

`kvkhdplket gdr tmksk bpps, iejhuìec Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides,

Jdetket Lbraktiec @rivke ny tmk Jdetket Lbraktiec Lbebckr, Jdetket

@klbe`

Ckekrbtide,

Jdetket

Lbraktiec,

Jdllueity be` Zdjibh Lkìb, be` Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk.

Lbraktiec prdjkssks, tkjmedhdciks, be` SJL phbtgdrls

Wi`kd Lbraktiec

brk usk` ny Zkeidr Lbebcklket, Ztrbtkcij Jdlluei-

Wi`kd Lbraktiec prdjkssks be` tkjmedhdciks brk usk`

jbtides, Jdllueity be` Zdjibh Lkìb Lbebckrs, Vunhij

prilbrihy ny Jdetket Lbraktiec. Mdwkvkr, skvkrbh dtmkr

^khbtides, be` Vrdùjt Lbraktiec. Pmk jdllde lktrijs

rdhks jdetrinutk td vi`kd jdetket, iejhuìec Ztrbtkcij

gdr Jdetket Lbraktiec iejhu`k Jdetket Wikws, Hieas

Jdllueijbtides, @klbe` Ckekrbtide, Jdllueity, Zdjibh

Kbrek`, Jdetket Jdevkrside, be` Jdetket Vunhismk`.

Lkìb, be` Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk.

Zdjibh Lkìb

Vunhij ^khbtides

@rivke ny tmk Jdllueity be` Zdjibh Lkìb Lbebckr,

@rivke ny tmk Vunhij ^khbtides Lbebckr, Vunhij ^khbtides

Zdjibh Lkìb prdjkssks, tkjmedhdciks, be` phbtgdrls brk

prdjkssks, tkjmedhdciks, be` phbtgdrls brk usk` prilbrihy

usk` ny Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides, Jdetket Lbraktiec,

ny Vunhij ^khbtides be` Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides td jrkbtk

Jdllueity be` Zdjibh Lkìb, be` Justdlkr Kxpkri-

rkhbtidesmips witm kxtkrebh lkìb, nhdcckrs, be` ie﬎ukejkrs

kejk. Pmk jdllde lktrijs gdr Zdjibh Lkìb iejhu`k [skr

gdr ekws stdriks be` dtmkr kbrek` lkìb dppdrtueitiks.

Kecbcklket, Zketilket Bebhysis, be` Jblpbice ^DI.


@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC ^DHKZ LBPÎ]

^DHKZ

Zkeidr Lbebcklket

Ztrbtkcij Jdllueijbtides

@klbe` Ckekrbtide

Jdetket Lbraktiec

Jdllueity & Zdjibh Lkìb

Vunhij ^khbtides

^KZVDEZINIHIPIKZ

Lbraktiec

Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk

PKJMEDHDCY

JDEPKEP

LKPÎJZ

^kvkeuk Bjjduetbnihity

Nu`cktiec & Vhbeeiec

SJL

Ztb﬊ec & Jmbeekh Lbebcklket Lbebcklket

^kvikws & Jdbjmiec

Lbraktiec Butdlbtide

Pmducmt Hkb`krsmip Nhdc Skniebr Vrksketbtides

^kpdrtiec td JKD/Ndbr`

^kjruitlket & ^ktketide

J^L

Jdegkrkejk Akyedtks

Nrbe` Ztrbtkcy @icitbh

Lbraktiec Nu`ckt

SJL

@btb Zmkkts, Smitkpbpkrs

Lbraktiec Ztrbtkcy Zdjibh

Bckejy Lbebcklket

Ldnihk Lbraktiec Ztrbtkcy

Jdllueijbtides Lbebcklket

Jdetket Lbraktiec Vhbtgdrls Zdjibh Lkìb Vhbtgdrls

Jbsk Ztuìks/Pkstildeibhs Jdlpktitivk Bebhysis

Lbraktiec Butdlbtide/Klbih Butdlbtide/Klbih @icitbh Bsskt Lbebcklket Lbebcklket Kvket/Zurvky Lbebcklket

Klbih Jblpbices

SJL, Nhdcciec Vhbtgdrls, LB Jdetket Latc & @istrinutide Wi`kd Lbraktiec Vhbtgdrls

kNddas, Brtijhks

Jdetket Wikws, Hieas Kbrek` Jdetket Jdevkrside

Wi`kds

Jdetket Vunhismk`

Justdlkr Higktilk Wbhuk, EVZ ^kture de Justdlkr (^DJ) Lbrakt Zmbrk, Vrdfltbnihity Nrbe` Kquity Jdetket [sbck

B`vkrtisiec/Zpdesdrsmip

Iendue`/Dutndue` Lbraktiec

Hkb` Ckekrbtide

Zbhks Dppdrtueity Lbebcklket

Prb`ksmdws

Skn Jdetket Lbebcklket Jdetket Lbraktiec

Jblpbice Bebhysis

Jdetket @istrinutide

Jdetket Zjdriec

Dehiek Jdllueity Lbebcklket

Jdllueity @kvkhdplket Zdjibh Jmbeekh Lbebcklket

SJL

Vdsts, Pwkkts, Vmdtds

[skr Kecbcklket

Zdjibh Histkeiec

Zdjibh Lkìb Vhbtgdrls

Gdruls, Jmbts, Jdllkets

Zketilket Bebhysis

Zdjibh Kecbcklket

Zdjibh ^kputbtide Lbebcklket

Zdjibh Jmbeekhs & Ektwdras

Brtijhks, Jdllueity Ekws

Jblpbice ^DI

Ie﬎ukejkr I`ketifljbtide

Lkìb Jdetbjt @btbnbsk

Kxtkrebh Jdllueijbtides Jdllueijbtides Lkìb ^khbtides

Jdetket Jrkbtide

^khbtidesmip ^khbtidesmip Juhtivbtide Jdetket Jrkbtide/@istrinutide

Skniebrs Sknsitk be` Nhdcs

Ekws Jdetket/Vrkss ^khkbsks Ekws @istrinutide & Ldeitdriec Pmducmt Hkb`krsmip Jdetket îjm Zdjibh Lkìb Lkìb Jdetket Bebhytijs & ^kpdrtiec

Vrdùjt Hbuejm Ekw Vrdùjt @kvkhdplket @kvkhdplket Ldnihk Bpp @kvkhdplket Vrdùjt Vdsitideiec Wi`kd Vrdùjtide/@kvkhdplket Vrdùjtide/@kvkhdplket Jdlpktitivk Bebhysis

SJL

Ietkrbjtivk Kxpkrikejk Justdlkr Zbtisgbjtide Justdlkr B`vdjbjy

Justdlkr Vrdflhk Lbebcklket Lbebcklket Justdlkr Zuppdrt, Pwittkr Zurvky & Zdjibh Jmbeekhs

Justdlkr Kxpkrikejk Justdlkr Odureky Lbppiec Justdlkr Vkrsdeb Jrkbtide

B`vkrtisiec/ZKD

^kvkeuk ny Jmbeekh

Hkb` Ckekrbtide & Kvkets

Bebhyst ^khbtides

Vrdùjt

V^DJKZZKZ

29

Ldnihk @kvkhdplket Vhbtgdrls Wi`kd Vrdùjtide Vhbtgdrls

Jblpbice ^DI, Klbih Lktrijs Lbraktiec Rubhiflk` Hkb`s Jdetrinutide td Vipkhiek

Lketides/Ilprkssides Buìkejk Crdwtm & Kecbcklket Zketilket Bebhysis Bvc. ^kvkeuk Vkr [skr

Ekw Gkbturks/I`kbs gdr ^&@ Cblifljbtide

Bvc. Dr`kr Wbhuk

Jdlpktitivk Bebhysis

Jdevkrside ^btk, ^kekwbh ^btk

Nuykr Vkrsdebs

Justdlkr Zbtisgbjtide Ie`kx Justdlkr Higktilk Wbhuk

Justdlkr Odureky Lbp Vrdpdsbhs, Vrksketbtides

Ekt Vrdldtkr Zjdrk (EVZ)

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC NKZP V^BJPIJKZ C[I@K >6

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC LBP[ÎPY LD@KH

@icitbh Lbraktiec Lbturity Ld`kh Dur @icitbh Lbraktiec Lbturity Ld`kh (pbck :3-:=) ihhustrbtks skvke aky

Pmk ldvk grdl Ztbck 2 (B` Mdj) td Ztbck 0 (Sdrh`-Jhbss) is jmbrbjtkrizk`

jdlpdekets. Pmksk brk?

ny tmk gdhhdwiec nkst prbjtijks?

Driketbtide Driketbtide ‚ tmk pdsturk tmk drcbeizbtide tbaks tdwbr` tmk ìsjiphiek dg @icitbh Lbraktiec be` its ilpdrtbejk td tmk drcbeizbtide gdr lbraktiec, sbhks, be` rkvkeuk ckekrbtide. Hkb`krsmip Hkb`krsmip ‚ tmk vikw dg kxkjutivk/skeidr lbebcklket tdwbr` tmk rdhk @icitbh Lbraktiec phbys ie `riviec sbhks, rkvkeuk, be` prdflts, be`

Hkvkh dg Jdllitlket Pmk strkectm dg tmk jdllitlket be` tmk gdjus de kxjkhhkejk ie @icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivks be` jblpbices `rivks dtmkr nkst prbjtijks.

Vhbeeiec

its iemkrket vbhuk td tmk jdlpbey.

Sdrh` Jhbss @icitbh Lbraktkrs jrkbtk strbtkciks, cdbhs, be` AVIs gdr kvkry pdiet dg tmkir @icitbh Lbraktiec kﬆdrt.

Pddhs be` Vhbtgdrls ‚ Vhbtgdrls ‚ usk` td jrkbtk, `kphdy, lbebck, be` lkbsurk @icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivks be` jblpbices.

Vrdjkssks

@klbe` Ckekrbtide ‚ Ckekrbtide ‚ mdw wkhh tmk drcbeizbtide pkrgdrls ie tmis jdrk

Sdrh` Jhbss @icitbh Lbraktkrs `kvkhdp lkbsurbnhk prdjkssks gdr kbjm pmbsk td kesurk prdcrkss be` sujjkss.

bttrinutk dg @icitbh Lbraktiec. @icitbh Kxpkrikejk Kxpkrikejk ‚ mdw wkhh tmk drcbeizbtide pkrgdrls ie tmis gbst klkrciec brkb dg @icitbh Lbraktiec. Nu`ckt/Ztbﬆ ‚ mdw wkhh @icitbh Lbraktiec is rksdurjk` witm tilk, tbhket, tddhs, ldeky, be` butmdrity. Lktrijs ‚ Lktrijs ‚ mdw @icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivks be` jblpbices brk trbjak`, lkbsurk`, lbebck`, be` rkpdrtk`.

^ksdurjks Sdrh` Jhbss Drcbeizbtides kesurk tmbt su﬊jiket rksdurjks (tilk, tbhket, tddhs, ldeky) kxist gdr kbjm ieitibtivk, jblpbice, be` pmbsk dg tmkir phbe.

Lbebcklket Sdrh` Jhbss jdlpbeiks kﬆkjtivkhy lbebck tmk jmbeck, prdcrkss, be` rksuhts dg @icitbh Lbraktiec kﬆdrts.

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC Lbturity Ld`kh ZPBCK 0 ZPBCK : ZPBCK > -

@icitbh Lbraktiec

Driketbtide

Hkb`krsmip

Pddhs & Vhbtgdrls

ZPBCK 2 -

Ed `kflek` strbtkcy dr prdjkss gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec dr ìcitbh prdpkrtiks

@dks edt skk ìﬆkrkejk nktwkke @icitbh be` Prbìtidebh Prbìtidebh Lbraktiec

B` mdj `kvkhdplket1 Vdiet tddhs gdr Klbih, Jdetket, be` Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec1 Ed ldnihk dr vi`kd bpps

@kflek` strbtkcy be` prdjkssks kxist gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec ie pdjakts ie tmk drcbeizbtide

@kflek`, ietkcrbtk` strbtkcy be` prdjkssks kxist gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec bjrdss be Ketkrprisk

Wikws ìcitbh bs ekw lbraktiec jmbeekh1 Bhhdjbtks nu`ckt & stbﬆ rksdurjks

^kjdceizks tmbt @icitbh Lbraktiec is dleijmbeekh be` tmk aky jdlpdeket ie buìkejk kecbcklket td `rivk prkgkrkejk & hdybhty1 Hdec tkrl jdllitlket1 Sihhiec pbrtijipbet1 ^ksdurjks gdr crdwtm

Vhbtgdrls tmbt pkrgdrl spkjiflj guejtides witm jddrìebtk` tddhs, bpphijbtides, be` wdra﬎dws

Vhbtgdrls jdeekjtk` td kbjm dtmkr i.k. Skn Jdetket Lbebcklket td Jdetket Lbraktiec td Zdjibh Histkeiec BVI ietkcrbtide td Ketkrprisk J^L be` LB systkls

@kflek`, ietkcrbtk` strbtkcy gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec kxists bjrdss be Ketkrprisk1 Jblpbices brk trbjak` be` lkbsurk` ny kﬆkjtivkekss dg kecbcklket be` jdevkrside

Wikws @icitbh Lbraktiec bs aky jdlpdeket ie justdlkr kecbcklket strbtkcy be` prilbry gdjus gdr lbraktiec tkbl1 Drcbeizbtide bhicek` be` lkbsurk` brdue` @icitbh Lbraktiec’s jdetrinutide td rkvkeuk

[tihizks jdlprkmkesivk, ke`-td-ke` systkl ietkcrbtide dg bhh @icitbh Lbraktiec rkhbtk` phbtgdrls witm ticmt ietkcrbtide td Ketkrprisk J^L, LB, be` dtmkr hkcbjy K^V systkls

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC Lbturity Ld`kh @icitbh Lbraktiec

@klbe` Ckekrbtide

@icitbh Kxpkrikejk

Nu`ckt & Ztbﬆ

Lktrijs

ZPBCK 2 -

ZPBCK > -

^khiks de wknsitk hbeìec pbcks witm hilitk` jdetket tbrcktiec1 Jdlpbey prdflhk de Zdjibh Lkìb ektwdraiec sitks1 Zdjibh pdstiec is spdrbìj be` b` mdj1 Hbja dg buìkejk bwbrkekss1 bwbrkekss1 Dek-wby ìbhdc

Dﬆkrs rijm lkìb jdetket, Zdjibh Ektwdras, nhdcs, Siais (Skn >.6)1 Crdwiec sunsjrinkr hists gdr Klbih1 Zdjibh justdlkr & buìkejk bwbrkekss1 Ldsthy dek-wby ìbhdc

Ed gdjus de jrkbtiec ìcitbh kxpkrikejk

Bhhdjbtk` nu`ckt gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec is hkss tmbe 2;%1 Ztbﬆ is jdetrbjtk` dr jddrìebtdr rdhk

Ed gdrlbh lkbsurklkets ie phbjk

ZPBCK : -

ZPBCK 0 -

Jdevkrckejk dg jdetket, sdjibh, ldnihk, be` vi`kd kxpkrikejks td jrkbtk guhh ìcitbh kxpkrikejks gdr jdevkrside be` sbhks dppdrtueitiks1 Pruk sdjibh ìbhdc1 ^kjdceitide dg prkgkrrk` buìkejk

Vkrsdebhizk` & hdjbhizk` jdetket `khivkrk` td pkrsdebh `kvijks ie rkbhtilk tmrducm justdl jdetket be` bpps1 Ebtivk ldnihk dptilizk`1 Vrdbjtivk sdjibh histkeiec witm rkhibnhk gkk`nbja1 Guhhy bhicek` witm sbhks gdr kebnhklket

Hitthk bwbrkekss1 @icitbh kxpkrikejk djjurs bs be bgtkrtmducmt, edt tmk `riviec gdrjk nkmie` b @icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivk1 Zdpmistijbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejk jrkbtk` is hdw witm lieilbh nrbe` ilpbjt

Jrkbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejk is b pridrity gdr lbraktiec tkbls be` nbsk` de `ktbihk` odureky lbppiec1 Zdpmistijbtk` ìcitbh kxpkrikejk bhicek` td nuykr kecbcklket kxpkrikejks be` lkbsurk` de rkvkeuk ilpbjt

Bhicelket be` `khivkry dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejks kxpkrikejks nbsk` de pkrsdeb kxpkjtbtides1 @kflek` jrdss-guejtidebhhy td kesurk tdujmpdiet jdesistkejy1 Zdpmistijbtide dg ìcitbh kxpkrikejk jrkbtk` is vkry b`vbejk` be` `rivks nkmbvidr

Nu`ckt bhhdjbtk`1 @kflek` rdhks be` rkspdesinihitiks1 rkspdesinihitiks1 ^ksdurjks up td 0;% dg tdtbh lbraktiec nu`ckt

Nu`ckt witm nusiekss jbsk td oustigy spke`1 @kìjbtk` lbraktiec rdhks gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec1 ^ksdurjks up td 76% dg lbraktiec nu`ckt

Nu`ckt jdeekjtk` td lbraktiec cdbhs1 Drcbeizbtide bhicek` gdr lbxilul ilpbjt dg @icitbh Lbraktiec1 ^ksdurjks dg 76 td =;% dr ldrk dg lbraktiec nu`ckt

Bebhytijs td ldeitdr be` trbja bpp pkrgdrlbejk hiak R^ jd`ks, ZLZ, wkn trb﬊j ny `kvijk, be` ldnihk b`s

Sbet td nkcie iejrkbsiec ydur drcbeizbtide’s @icitbh Lbraktiec lbturity4 @dwehdb` dur @icitbh Lbraktiec @icitbh Lbraktiec Grblkwdra be` Grblkwdra be` ckt stbrtk` td`by!

@bsmndbr` ldeitdrs bpp pkrgdrlbejk, `kvijk usbck & hdjbtide, be` uskr kecbcklket ny jdetket bsskt

Ketkrprisk-wi`k `bsmndbr` witm visubh rkprksketbtide dg uskr bjquisitide be` kecbcklket ny nkmbvidr, kxpkrikejk, nrbe` rkbjm, ktj.

WIKS ^KZD[^JK


@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC HBE@ZJBVK

>:

@icitbh Lbraktiec Hbe`sjbpk Smihk khkjtrdeij lbraktiec mbs nkke brdue` gdr `kjb`ks ie sdlk gdrl dr

Ietkrebhhy, wk mbvk skke tddhs be` tkjmedhdciks lbturk grdl b` mdj

bedtmkr, bedtmkr, @icitbh Lbraktiec bs wk aedw it td`by trbjks its rddts td tmk nirtm dg

pdiet sdhutides td guhhy ietkcrbtk`, ke`-td-ke` systkls jdeekjtk` bjrdss

tmk wkn. @icitbh Lbraktiec mbs kvdhvk` ie gdur stbcks, kxtkrebhhy be` ietkr-

tmk Ketkrprisk, bs gdhhdws?

ebhhy. Kxtkrebhhy wk mbvk skke tmk justdlkr kxpkrikejk lbturk grdl lbss ìsphby be` nrdb`jbst td pkrsdebhizk`, rkbh-tilk kxpkrikejks, bs gdhhdws? @isphby ‚ Skn pbcks (Skn 2.6) Jdeekjtide ‚ îjm lkìb jdetket, sdjibh ektwdras, nhdcs, Siais (Skn >.6)

B` mdj ‚ mdj ‚ Vdiet tddhs usk` ny tkbls be` `kpbrtlkets Jddrìebtk` ‚ Jddrìebtk` ‚ Vhbtgdrls tmbt pkrgdrl spkjiflj guejtides witm jddrìebtk` tddhs, bpphijbtides, be` wdra﬎dws Jdeekjtk` Jdeekjtk` ‚ Vhbtgdrls jdeekjtk` td kbjm dtmkr i.k. Skn Jdetket

Kecbcklket ‚ Kecbcklket ‚ Jdevkrckejk dg jdetket, sdjibh, ldnihk, be` vi`kd kxpk-

Lbebcklket td Jdetket Lbraktiec td Zdjibh Hist keiec BVI ietkcrbtide

rikejks td jrkbtk ìcitbh kxpkrikejks

td ketkrprisk J^L be` LB systkls

Vkrsdebhizbtide Vkrsdebhizbtide ‚ Vkrsdebhizk` be` hdjbhizk` jdetket, `khivkrk` td

Ietkcrbtk` Ietkcrbtk` ‚ Jdlprkmkesivk, ke`-td-ke` systkl ietkcrbtide dg bhh

pkrsdebh `kvijks ie rkbh-tilk tmrducm justdl jdetket be` lbraktiec

@icitbh Lbraktiec rkhbtk` phbtgdrls witm ticmt ietkcrbtide td ketkrprisk

bpps

J^L, LB, be` dtmkr hkcbjy K^V systkls.



>0

Gicurk 0 smdws 0 smdws tmk tilkhiek dg sdlk dg tmk lbodr lihkstdeks, vke`drs, be` trke`s tmbt mbvk nrducmt us tmk @icitbh Lbraktiec kevirdelket wk aedw td`by.

GIC[^K 0? @ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC PILKHIEK

299: Pmk wkn is ndre be`

>66:

tmk flrst wkn pbck rkhkbsk` ny JKÊ

>622->62=

YduPunk

@icitbh Lbraktiec

hbuejmks.

Jdevkrckejk

>667

HieakÌe

Bprih :6, 299:.

>66;

hbuejmks. Pwittkr hbuejmks & flrst Wi`kd Lbraktiec phbtgdrls nkjdlk bvbihbnhk.

Gbjkndda

Ztbegdr` crbùbtks jrkbtk ‘Okrry be` @bvi`’s Cui`k td tmk

Cddchk hbuejmks

Sdrh` Si`k Skn.“

& Bprild (LB

Blbzde is hbuejmk` ie

systkl) bppkbrs

Zkbtthk.

299= 2990

iVb` ietrdùjk`

hbuejmks.

>626

>660

iVmdek ietrdùjk`.

>663



>;

Pmk Sdrh` Si`k Skn

Lbraktiec Butdlbtide

299:? 299:? Pmk wkn is ndre be` tmk flrst wkn pbck rkhkbsk` ny JKÊ Bprih :6, 299:.

299=? 299=? Bprild, flrst Ketkrprisk Lbraktiec Butdlbtide, bppkbrs.

2990? 2990? Zd lbey wkn pbcks brk hbuejmk` ie dek ykbr tmbt twd Ztbegdr` crbùbtks jrkbtk ‘Okrry be` @bvi`’s Cui`k td tmk Sdrh` Si`k Skn.“ Ie Bprih, tmk Cui`k is rkeblk` be` rk-hbuejmk` bs Ybmdd. Bhsd ie tmis ykbr, Blbzde, dek dg tmk flrst hbrck kjdllkrjk sitks, is hbuejmk` ie Zkbtthk.

2999? 2999? Zihvkrpdp, Lie`Lbtrix, Khdqub bppkbr be` kxtke` Lbraktiec Butdlbtide spbjk. >667->669? >667->669? Lbraktd, Munspdt, Vbrb`dt, Bjt-De, be` skjde` wbvk Lbraktiec Butdlbtide vke`drs, bppkbr.

299;? 299;? Pmk flrst Skn Jdetket Lbebcklket Zystkls bppkbr bs kxtke`k` `djulket lbebcklket systkls. 2993? 2993? Pmk flrst nhdc sitks brk hbuejmk`.

Zdjibh Lkìb, Zdjibh Zmbriec, Ldnihk, Wi`kd

299=? 299=? Cddchk is hbuejmk`.

>66>? >66>? Grike`stkr, sdjibh ektwdraiec sitk, is hbuejmk`.

2999 ‚ >660? >660? Skn >.6 bppkbrs witm rijm lkìb jdetket (vi`kd, iegdcrbpmijs, MPLH;) jdlniek` witm sdjibh ektwdras be` wiais. Pmis nkjdlks tmk stbe`br` phbtgdrl gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec.

>66:? >66:? HieakÌe is hbuejmk`.

>662 ‚ >66:? >66:? @rupbh & Sdr`prkss brk hbuejmk`. >66=? >66=? Nricmtait (edw Mddtsuitk) is hbuejmk`.

>660? >660? Gbjkndda is hbuejmk`. Zdjibh smbriec nkcies witm B``Pmis (>660). Bhsd, Lijrdsdgt rkhkbsks Ziechk Zice-De Ketkrprisk Zkjurity gdr Skn Bpphijbtides (Lijrdsdgt® BZV. EKP) >66;? >66;? YduPunk is hbuejmk` be` tmk Wi`kd Lbraktiec hbe` rusm nkcies. Bhsd, ZmbrkPmis is hbuejmk` be` b`vbejks sdjibh smbriec. >667? >667? Pwittkr hbuejmks be` Wi`kd Lbraktiec phbtgdrls bppkbr. >663? >663? Pmk iVmdek is ietrdùjk` be` ldnihk bpps nkcie. >626? >626? Pmk iVb` is ietrdùjk`.



>7

@icitbh Lbraktiec Jdevkrckejk

Jdetket Lbraktiec Hbe`sjbpk

>622 ‚ >620? >620? Jdevkrckejk dg jdetket lbraktiec, sdjibh

Sk mbvk ìvi`k` tmk Jdetket Lbraktiec vke`dr hbe`sjbpk

jmbeekhs, wkn, be` ldnihk & vi`kd `kvkhdplket phbt-

ietd twd prilbry jbtkcdriks. Pmky brk?

gdrls kebnhk truhy pkrsdebhizk`, hdjbhizk` ìcitbh kxpkrikejks gdr kbjm jdesulkr be` justdlkr ie rkbh tilk.

‚ tmksk phbtgdrls Skn Jdetket Lbebcklket (SJL) (SJL) ‚ prdvi`k tmk iegrbstrujturk be` guejtidebhity gdr jdetket jrkbtide be` `khivkry bjrdss ìcitbh jmbeekhs (wkn, nhdcs, skbrjm, sdjibh). Pmky typijbhhy ietkcrbtk witm aky ietkrebh J^L be` LB systkls.

Vhbyiec Gikh`

Jdetket Lbraktiec be` @istrinutide (JLZ/J@Z) ‚ tmksk phbtgdrls prdvi`k tmk jrkbtide, drcbeizb-

Bs edtk` bndvk, dur bebhysis dg tmk @icitbh Lbraktiec

tide, lbebcklket, ìstrinutide, be` lkbsurklket dg

hbe`sjbpk ieìjbtks tmbt it is jdlprisk` dg tke ìstiejt

jdetket bjrdss bhh `kvijk typks be` jmbeekhs.

jbtkcdriks. Dg tmksk, wk mbvk prdùjk` ie-`kptm sdhutide stuìks gdr flvk ‚ Jdetket Lbraktiec, Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec, Ldnihk Lbraktiec, Wi`kd Lbraktiec, be` Vunhij ^khbtides. Kbjm stu`y hddas bt tmk nkekflts, trke`s, vke`dr hbe`sjbpk, be` ilphklketbtide strbtkciks tmbt ilpbjt tmbt jbtkcdry. Mkrk wk sullbrizk kbjm hbe`sjbpk. Bhh tmk dg @icitbh Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztuìks iejhu`k lujm ldrk `ktbihk` iegdrlbtide de kbjm hbe`sjbpk be` jbe nk `dwehdb`k` grdl tmk @klbe` Lktrij wknsitk.



Bs tmk Jdetket Lbraktiec hbe`sjbpk kvdhvks, @klbe` Lktrij kxpkjts td skk tmk gdhhdwiec trke`s tbak smbpk witmie tmk Skn Jdetket Lbebcklket be` Jdetket Lbraktiec be` @istrinutide Vhbt gdrls? @kkpkr iesicmts be` bebhytijs bebhytijs td kebnhk lbraktkrs td vikw be` rkspde` td uskr kecbcklket witm rkhkvbet jdetket. Picmtkr ietkcrbtide nktwkke jdetket lbraktiec be` ketkrprisk systkls gdr systkls gdr b mdhistij j ustdlkr vikw. îjmkr jdetket be` lkìb b`s tmbt b`s tmbt iejrkbsk uskr kecbcklket. Ldrk pkrsdebhizk` kxpkrikejks witm rijm lkìb be` lkìb be` rkhkvbet jdetket tmrducm tmk ietkcrbtide dg uskr sdjibh prdflhks. Iejrkbsiec nhke` dg dwek`, kbrek`, be` pbi` lkìb td lkìb td jrkbtk micmkr hkvkh dg ‘trustk` jdetket.“

Gdr dur jdlphktk bebhysis de tmis skclket, `dwehdb` dur Jdetket Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y.

JDEPKEP LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y


WIKS ^KZD[^JK

>3



>=

Sk mbvk ìvi`k` tmk Zdjibh Lkìb Lbrakti ec vke`dr hbe`sjbpk ietd flvk jbtkcdriks. Pmky brk?

Zdjibh Histkeiec Vhbtgdrls

Zdjibh Kecbcklket Vhbtgdrls

Pmksk brk phbtgdrls be` bpps tmbt gdjus de sdjibh ldei-

Pmksk phbtgdrls gdjus de bpps tmbt `kkpke tmk kecbck-

tdriec/rkspdesk. Pmksk phbtgdrls ldeitdr jdevkrsb-

lket nktwkke tmk jdlpbey be` tmk justdlkr. Smihk

tides bjrdss sdjibh ektwdras gdr lketides dg b jdlpbey/

ldst dg tmksk phbtgdrls dﬆkr b ldeitdriec jdlpdeket,

nrbe` td jdhhkjt dpieides dg be` kxpkrikejks witm tmbt

tmky prdvi`k b `kkpkr hkvkh dg kecbcklket vib bpps gdr

jdlpbey, nrbe`, dr prdùjt.

iejrkbsiec kbsk be` spkk` dg sdjibh smbriec, `kvkhdpiec dehiek jdllueitiks, jdetket jrkbtide & punhismiec, be`/dr cblifljbtide.

Zdjibh Bebhytijs Vhbtgdrls Pmksk brk phbtgdrls tmbt gdjus de tmk jdhhkjtide, lkbsurklket, be` nkejmlbraiec dg sdjibh bjtivity, nkmbvidr, nkmbvidr, dpieide, be` kldtide bjrdss sdjibh ektwdras be` lkìb typks (dwek`, kbrek`, be` pbi` sdjibh lkìb). Ldst bebhytijs phbtgdrls jrkbtk `ktbihk` be` ieìviùbh justdlkr prdflhks.

Zdjibh Kxpkrikejk Vhbtgdrls Pmksk phbtgdrls gdjus de jmbeciec tmk kxpkrikejk tmk justdlkr mbs witm tmk jdlpbey dr nrbe`. Zdjibh Kxpkrikejk phbtgdrls usubhhy iejhu`k jdlpdekets dg ndtm ldeitdriec be` kecbcklket1 mdwkvkr, tmky cd b stkp gurtmkr witm guejtidebhity tmbt jmbecks tmk wby tmk justdlkr ietkrbjts witm b jdlpbey. Pmksk sdhutides skrvk td kxtke` tmk

Zdjibh Ektwdras Pmksk brk tmk sdjibh kevirdelkets ie wmijm sdjibh ietkrbjtide be` jdllkrjk tbak phbjk. Ie tmis stu`y, wk hdda bt tmk lbodr sdjibh ektwdras gdr N>N be` N>J nusiekss bjtivity, sujm bs Gbjkndda, Pwittkr, HieakÌe, Cddchk+ be` YduPunk. @klbe` Lktrij prdvi`ks b guhh histiec dg Zdjibh Zdjibh Ektwdras ie dur Pdp Zdjib Zdji bh Lkìb Zitks @btbnbsk be` Zdjibh Lkìb Jmbeekh Lbp.

rkbjm dg b nrbe` `kkpkr ietd tmk justdlkr’s kevirdelket.



Pmk kvdhutide dg tmk Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec hbe`sjbpk wihh jdetieuk de tmk sblk trbokjtdry tmbt wk skk it djjurriec td`by witm ldrk kecbcklket, nkttkr kxpkrikejks, be` ticmtkr ietkcrbtide bjrdss sdjibh ektwdras. Pmbt trke`, phus nkttkr be` `kkpkr bebhytijs be` trbjaiec systkls, wihh kebnhk lbraktkrs td gurtmkr rkflek tmk rkhbtidesmip nktwkke jdlpbeiks be` tmkir justdlkrs ie sdjibh lkìb. @icitbh jblpbices wihh rkhy de sdjibh ektwdras be` jmbeekhs td ìstrinutk` micmkr qubhity, ldrk illkrsivk jdetket, be` ìcitbh kxpkrikejks tmbt iejrkbsk jdevkrside rbtks be` `rivk micmkr rkvkeuk. Pmk sdjibh jdeekjtide wihh jdetieuk td ldvk grdl b trbesbjtidebh rkhbtidesmip nktwkke lbraktkr be` justdlkr td b ‘jirjhk dg pkkrs“ witm tmk nuykr ‘dweiec“ bs lujm dg tmk dutjdlk bs lbraktiec.

Gdr dur jdlphktk bebhysis de tmis skclket, `dwehdb` dur Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y.

ZDJIBH LK@IB LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y


WIKS ^KZD[^JK

>9

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC NKZP V^BJPIJKZ C[I@K :6


Sk mbvk ìvi`k` tmk Ldnihk Lbraktiec vke`dr hbe`sjbpk ietd twd prilbry jbtkcdriks. Pmky brk?

Ldnihk Bpphijbtide @kvkhdplket (LB@V) Pmksk brk phbtgdrls be` bpphijbtides tmbt gdjus de tmk

Ldnihk Jdetket @kvkhdplket & Lbebcklket (LJ@V)

iegrbstrujturk be` tddhs ekk`k` td `ksice, nuih`, tkst,

Pmksk phbtgdrls gdjus de tmk `khivkry dg jdetket bjrdss

`kphdy, be` lbebck ldnihk bpphijbtides.

ldnihk `kvijks td prdvi`k be dptilizk` kxpkrikejk.

Vhbtgdrl guejtidebhity rbecks grdl tmdsk tmbt dehy suppdrt

Aky guejtidebhity iejhu`ks jdetket punhismiec be` prkske-

ebtivk bpps td tmdsk tmbt prdvi`k ebtivk, Skn/MPLH;

tbtide1 ietkcrbtide dg `btb, skrvijks, be` bpphijbtides1 bs

be` mynri` bpps, be` BVIs gdr ketkrprisk ietkcrbtide.

wkhh bs kecbcklket prdcrbls hiak pbylket be` ldnihk

Sk iejhu`k` phbtgdrls usk` td dptilizk kxistiec Sknsitks

lkssbciec jblpbices.

ie tmis jbt kcdry.

Gdr dur jdlphktk bebhysis de tmis skclket, `dwehdb` dur Ldnihk Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y.

LDNIHK LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y


WIKS ^KZD[^JK


@klbe` Lktrij kxpkjts tmk Ldnihk Lbraktiec hbe`sjbpk td jdetieuk td crdw rbpi`hy gdr tmk gdrkskkbnhk guturk. @klbe` Lktrij kxpkjts td skk tmk gdhhdwiec trke`s tbak smbpk gdr bpphijbtide `kvkhdplket be` ldnihk jdetket phbtgdrls? Nkttkr lbebcklket dg bpphijbtides be` `kvijks `kvijks bjrdss tmk ketkrprisk be` tmrducm bhh jmbeekhs. @kkpkr iesicmts be` bebhytijs bebhytijs td kebnhk lbraktkrs td vikw be` rkspde` td ldnihk bpp kecbcklket. Picmtkr ietkcrbtide nktwkke ldnihk bpps be` ketkrprisk systkls gdr b ldrk mdhistij justdlkr vikw. îjmkr jdetket be` lkìb b`s tmbt b`s tmbt iejrkbsk uskr kecbcklket. Ldnihk bs tmk ‘spkbr pdiet“ ‚ pdiet“ ‚ tmk flrst jdeekjtide b prdspkjt mbs witm tmk jdlpbey, prdùjt, dr skrvijk be`, bs sujm, `kfleks tmkir de-cdiec rkhbtidesmip witm tmk jdlpbey.


:2



Wi`kd Lbraktiec vke`drs gbhh ietd gdur lbie tikrs, nbsk` de tmkir guejtide-

;

bhity ie tmk gdhhdwiec six jbtkcdriks?

:>

Wi`kd Ldektizbtide Ldektizbtide ‚ vi`kds prdvi`k be brrby dg nkekflts, bs lketidek` prkvidushy, tmbt wihh, uhtilbtkhy, iejrkbsk be drcbeizbtide’s ndttdl hiek. Mdwkvkr, ckekrbtiec rkvkeuk ìrkjthy grdl

2

Wi`kd Mdstiec & Ztrkbliec Ztrkbliec ‚ tmk vi`kd mdstiec & strkbliec jdlpdeket dg tmksk phbtgdrls jketkrs brdue` tmk jbpbjity dg sdhutides td uphdb`, `dwehdb`, vikw, be` prdjkss vi`kd flhks .

vi`kds mbs nkjdlk jketrbh td Wi`kd Lbraktiec. 7

‚ lktrijs brk be ietkcrbh pbrt dg ilphklketiec bey Wi`kd Bebhytijs Bebhytijs ‚ tkjmedhdcy ie dr`kr td i`ketigy be` prdvk ^DI.

>

Wi`kd Jdetket Lbebcklket Lbebcklket ‚ vi`kd jdetket lbebcklket ievdhvks bhh dg tmk bjtivitiks tmbt suppdrt tmk stdrbck, drcbeizbtide, be` ldìfljbtide dg vi`kd jdetket.

:

jdetieuk td crdw rbìjbhhy bldec Ketkrprisks be` ZLNs. J^L vi`kd

Wi`kd @istrinutide & Zmbriec ‚ Zmbriec ‚ tmk lbeekr ie wmijm vi`kds brk

smbriec, sdjibh sketilket be` smbriec bebhytijs, vi`kd bsskt td ^DI

ìstrinutk` be` smbrk` jbe nk jritijbh td tmk sujjkss dg b vi`kd’s

lktrijs, be` vi`kd lbppiec td tmk sbhks jyjhk brk skvkrbh gkbturks tmbt

pkrgdrlbejk. Pmis jdlpdeket dg Wi`kd Lbraktiec gdjusks mkbvihy

wihh edtbnhy jmbeck tmk Wi`kd Lbraktiec spkjtrul ie tmk ekbr guturk.

de tmk `khivkry dg vi`kd jdetket. 0

@klbe` Lktrij kxpkjts Lktrij kxpkjts tmbt tmk ekk` be` `ksirk gdr vi`kd jdetket wihh

Wi`kd Dptilizbtide Dptilizbtide ‚ dptiliziec vi`kds is b jritijbh guejtide dg

Bs tmk lbrakt nkcies td sbturbtk witm jbtkcdry-spkjiflj vke`drs, @klbe` Lktrij nkhikvks jdesulkrs wihh jdetieuk td crbvitbtk tdwbr` vke`drs

Wi`kd Lbraktiec tmbt is dgtke dvkrhddak` ny lbey drcbeizbtides.

tmbt dﬆkr ldrk jdlprkmkesivk, ke`‚td-ke` sdhutides rbtmkr tmbe eijmk

Wi`kd dptilizbtide kesurks tmbt ydur vi`kd jdetket is ckttiec

sdhutides.

blphk trb﬊j grdl tmk prdpkr buìkejk.

Gdr dur jdlphktk bebhysis de tmis skclket, `dwehdb` dur Wi`kd Wi`kd Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y .

WI@K WI @KD D LBÂKPIEC Zdhutide Ztu`y


WIKS ^KZD[^JK



::

Wke`drs bjrdss tmk V^ Zdhutides Hbe`sjbpk gbhh ietd gdur tikrs nbsk` de tmk gkbturks be` guejtidebhity dg tmkir dﬆkriecs?

Nbsij Bt tmk nbsij hkvkh, pdiet sdhutides prdvi`k tbrcktk` guejtidebhity, jdlldehy b lkìb/ie﬎ukejkr jdetbjt sdhutide hiak Jrdw`nuih`kr, dr ekws ìstrinutide sujm bs V^.jdl. Pmkrk is rbrkhy ietkcrbtide witm jdlphklketbry V^ sdhutides dr guejtides.

Jdlprkmkesivk Pmk hbrckst crdup dg vke`drs gbhh ietd tmis tikr, wmijm iejhu`ks sdhutides tmbt prdvi`k tmk prilbry gkbturks dg b V^ sdhutide, iejhuìec lkìb jdetbjt `btbnbsk & lbebcklket, ldeitdriec, ìstrinutide, be` lkbsurklkets & bebhytijs. Pmksk brkbs dg guejtidebhity brk edt ietkcrbtk`, dr mbvk oust nbsij ietkcrbtide witm kbjm dtmkr. Ie dtmkr jbsks, guejtidebhity is prdvi`k` tmrducm pbrtekrsmips witm dtmkr sdhutide prdvi`krs.

Ztbe`br` Zkjde` tikr vke`drs hiak Nuhh`dc Lkìb’s Lkìb Vrd dr

Juttiec K`ck

Nusiekss Sirk nue`hk luhtiphk V^ guejtides, sujm bs b lkìb jdetbjt `btbnbsk witm b ekws ìstrinutide guejtide. Zdlk stbe`br` dﬆkriecs brk dptilizk` gdr b spkjiflj vkrtijbh.

Pmk ldst b`vbejk` tikr is djjupik` ny vke`drs hiak LbraktSirk`, V^ Ekwswirk, be` Jiside tmbt prdvi`k b guhh suitk dg V^ guejtidebhity, iejhuìec b lkìb jdetbjt `btbnbsk & jdetbjt lbebcklket, dehiek be` trbìtidebh lkìb ldeitdriec, ekws ìstrinutide, be` lkbsurklkets & bebhytijs witm rkpdrtiec. Pmksk guejtides brk edt dehy prksket ie tmk sdhutide suitk, nut brk ietkcrbtk` td b ld`krbtk dr micm `kcrkk.



Pmk lkìb be` V^ ieùstry ndtm jdetieuk td crbpphk witm tmk ekw rkbhity tmbt kvkrydek is nkjdliec b punhismkr. punhismkr. Pmk jurrket jrdp dg V^ tddhs mbs bhwbys nkke mkhpguh bt skjuriec kbrek` lkìb phbjklkets, be` it is stihh ilpdrtbet td `d sd. Smkrk tmk tddhs brk hkss kﬆkjtivk is ie i`ketigyiec be` rkbjmiec tmk nrdb`kr spkjtrul dg ie﬎ukejkrs wmdsk eblks lby edt bppkbr de b lbstmkb`, nut mbvk nuiht be ilprkssivk gdhhdwiec tmrducm sdjibh lkìb dr ny nhdcciec. V^ sdhutide prdvi`krs lust jdetieuk td `kvkhdp wbys gdr tmkir uskrs td i`ketigy be` ldeitdr tmk ie﬎ukejkrs tmbt lbttkr td tmkl.

Gdr dur jdlphktk bebhysis de tmis skclket, `dwehdb` dur Vunhij ^khbtides Zdhutide Ztu`y .

V[NHIJ ^KHBPIDEZ Zdhutide Ztu`y


WIKS ^KZD[^JK

:0

BEBHYZP NDPPDL HIEK


@icitbh Lbraktiec is jmbeciec tmk wby jdlpbeiks `d nusiekss.

Jdlpbeiks skbrjmiec gdr ekw wbys td `khivkr tmkir

Smihk b`dptide rbtks bldec jdlpbeiks be` ieùstriks vbriks,

lkssbck be` iejrkbsk nrbe` rkjdceitide, bs wkhh bs drcb-

ldst lbraktiec `kpbrtlkets mbvk nkcue td `kvdtk b pdrtide dg

eizbtides hddaiec td ilprdvk tmk sujjkss dg tmkir jurrket

tmkir nu`ckt td @icitbh Lbraktiec.

vi`kd lbraktiec prdcrbl’s pkrgdrlbejk, pkrgdrlbejk, smduh` jdesi`kr

@klbe` Lktrij’s bebhysis dg @icitbh Lbraktiec ie tmis rkpdrt be` jdlpbeide sdhutide stuìks dﬆkrs tmk gdhhdwiec aky jdejhusides?

rkskbrjmiec be` ilphklketiec b Wi`kd Lbraktiec phbtgdrl. Lbey jdlpbeiks tmbt mbvk nkke ìcitbh lbraktkrs gdr ykbrs stihh strbie bgtkr iejrklketbh ilprdvklkets ie jhijas be` jhi ja-

Jdetket is Aiec be` Jdetkxt is Jritijbh. Bs Jritijbh. Bs jdetket lbraktiec

tmru rbtks ny twkbaiec klbih jdpy mkrk dr MPLH jd`k tmkrk.

kvdhvks, uskrs be` justdlkrs wihh nkjdlk hkss tdhkrbtk dg

Ny jrkbtiec rijm ìcitbh kxpkrikejks iestkb` dg jmbsiec

jdetket tmbt is edt ìrkjthy rkhkvbet td tmkir ekk`s be` tmk

jhijas, lbraktkrs jbe nrkba bwby grdl tmk pbja.

stbck dg tmkir nuyiec odureky. Pmk ricmt Jdetket Lbraktiec strbtkcy, jdlniek` witm tmk ricmt phbtgdrl be` tddhs, wihh kesurk tmbt tmk Ld`kre Lbraktiec Drcbeizbtide usks its jdetket gdr dptilul sujjkss.

@klbe` Lktrij’s aky rkjdllke`btide grdl tmis rkpdrt

Gdr lbey justdlkrs, tmkir ldnihk `kvijk wihh `kflek tmk

is tmbt tmbt @icitbh Lbraktiec jbe lbak b siceifljbet

wby tmbt tmky rkhbtk td ydur jdlpbey, prdùjt, dr skrvijk.

be` pdsitivk ilpbjt de tmk drcbeizbtides tmbt brk

Jrkbtiec b pdsitivk ldnihk kxpkrikejk is jrujibh ie akkpiec

klphdyiec it wmke tmky `d sd ny gdhhdwiec nkst prbj-

justdlkrs kecbck`.

tijks be` prdjkssks tmbt brk mdhistijbhhy ietkcrbtk`.

Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec wihh nkjdlk tmk prilbry kecbcklket keciek gdr justdlkrs kvbhubtiec dr jmddsiec prdùjts be` skrvijks.

:;

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC NKZP V^BJPIJKZ C[I@K :7

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC

@ I C I PB H

L B ^ A K P I E C

B J P I D E V H B E

Gdhhdw tmis silphk, stkp-ny-stkp, lktmd`dhdcy td `kvkhdp b @icitbh Lbraktiec phbe tmbt iejrkbsks sbhks, nuih`s justdlkr iesicmts, be` crdws nrbe` bwbrkekss.


BJPIDE VHBE

Bhice Bhice

@isjdvkr Mdw Pd Bhice Ydur Zbhks be` Lbraktiec Kﬆdrts

@kflek rkquirklkets gdr Lbraktiec be` Zbhks Bhicelket witm dur Zbhks & Lbraktiec Bhicelket Pddh Pddh td kesurk bhh bjtivitiks brk vibnhk bjrdss tmk drcbeizbtide.

WIKS ^KZD[^JK


BJPIDE VHBE

Nuih`

Lbak Pmk Jbsk Gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec Pd Aky Ztbakmdh`krs

Nuih` b Nusiekss Jbsk gdr ydur @icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivks witm dur Nusiekss Jbsk Pklphbtk.

WIKS ^KZD[^JK


BJPIDE VHBE

[e`krstbe` Bhh ^kquirk` @icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks be` ^kspdesinihitiks Drcbeizk Drcbeizk mdw ydur jdlpbey wihh strujturk tmk @icitbh Lbraktiec guejtide. [sk dur @icitbh Lbraktiec ^dhks Lbtrix Lbtrix td stbe`brìzk rdhks & rkspdesinihitiks gdr @icitbh Lbraktiec.

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC NKZP V^BJPIJKZ C[I@K 06

BJPIDE VHBE

Vhbe Ydur @icitbh Lbraktiec Vrdcrbls Ie B`vbejk

@kvkhdp b sdhi` 2>-2= ldetm phbe gdr ydur @icitbh Lbraktiec prdcrbls witm?

Zkt Dnokjtivks

Jdetket Lbraktiec Ztrbtkcy Zjdrkjbr` Zdjibh Lkìb Ztrbtkcy Zjdrkjbr` Ldnihk Lbraktiec Ztrbtkcy Zjdrkjbr` Wi`kd Lbraktiec Ztrbtkcy Zjdrkjbr` Zjdrkjbr` Vunhij ^khbtides Ztrbtkcy Zjdrkjbr`

WIKS ^KZD[^JK


BJPIDE VHBE

^kvikw Vdtketibh @icitbh Lbraktiec Wke`drs Nkcie tmk prdjkss dg skhkjtiec b vke`dr td bssist ydu ie ydur @icitbh Lbraktiec ieitibtivks. ^kvikw tmk ^GV tklphbtks ie kbjm dg tmk @icitbh Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztuìks bs tmkrk brk lbey sdhutides td jmddsk grdl ùriec tmis prdjkss.

^kskbrjm

Jdetket Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y Zdjibh Lkìb Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y Wi`kd Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y Ldnihk Lbraktiec Zdhutide Ztu`y Vunhij ^khbtides Zdhutide Ztu`y

WIKS SKNZIPK


BJPIDE VHBE

@isjdvkr Aky @icitbh Lbraktiec Wke`drs I`ketigy tmk aky phbykrs ie tmk lbrakt. Sk mbvk bhrkb`y nkcue tmis prdjkss gdr ydu ny rkskbrjmiec b luhtitu`k dg qubhity vke`drs. Ydu jbe tbak b hdda bt tmk vke`drs wk mbvk rkvikwk` witm Jdetket Lbraktiec Wke`drs Lbtrix Zdjibh Lkìb Wke`drs Lbtrix Ldnihk Lbraktiec Wke`drs Lbtrix Wi`kd Wi`kd Lbrakti Lbraktiec ec Wke`d Wke`drs rs Lbtri Lbtrix x

I`ketigy

Vunhij ^khbtides Wke`drs Lbtrix

WIKS ^KZD[^JK


BJPIDE VHBE

Kesurk Ydu Mbvk b Ztrdec Lbraktiec Jdllueijbtides Ztrbtkcy

@kvkhdp be ilphklketbtide strbtkcy be` jdllueijbtide phbe td rdhh-dut tmk ieitibtivk bjrdss t mk drcbeizbtide be` tmrducm ydur jmbeekhs. [sk dur LbrJdl Vhbyndda td Vhbyndda td jrkbtk ydur phbe.

LBÂKPIEC JDLL[EIJBPIDEZ VHBE Vhbyndda & Pddhait

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Vhbe

i

i

r r

i


BJPIDE VHBE

Prbie Ydur Pkbl de @icitbh Lbraktiec Nkst Vrbjtijks

@kvkhdp be kùjbtide/trbieiec phbe gdr bhh bﬆkjtk` pkrsdeekh? lbraktiec, prdùjt `kvkhdplket, dpkrbtides, be` sbhks.

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC

Prbieiec Jdursks

Prbie

ZPB^P HKBÊIEC


BJPIDE VHBE

Prbja be` Lkbsurk Aky @icitbh Lbraktiec Lktrijs

Lkbsurk tmk sujjkss dg ydur @icitbh Lbraktiec sdhutides ilphklketbtide be` guejtide witm Jdetket Lbraktiec Lktrijs @bsmndbr` Zdjibh Lkìb Lktrijs @bsmndbr` Ldnihk Lbraktiec Lktrijs @bsmndbr` Wi`kd Lbraktiec Lktrijs @bsmndbr` @bsmndbr` Vunhij ^khbtides Lktrijs @bsmndbr`

WIKS ^KZD[^JK

Lkbsurk

BND[P @KLBE@ LKPÎJ

@ICIPBH LBÂKPIEC NKZP V^BJPIJKZ C[I@K 07

@klbe` Lktrij Lktrij prdvi`ks Bcihk Lbraktiec sdgtwbrk pdwkrk` ny 2,666+ prbjtijbh tddhs be` rksdurjks td mkhp dur lklnkrs jdlphktk tmkir wdra gbstkr be` witm ldrk jdefl`kejk. Dur jdllueity dg 2>;,666+ chdnbh lklnkrs is jdlpdsk` dg JKDs be` nusiekss dwekrs, lbraktiec jdesuhtbets be` bckejiks, lbraktiec kxkjutivks be` lbebckrs, be` prdgkssidebhs wmd spkjibhizk ie? prdùjt lbebcklket, lbraktiec dpkrbtides, sbhks kebnhklket, justdlkr kecbcklket, `klbe` ckekrbtide, jdetket lbraktiec, prdokjt lbebcklket, bjjduet-nbsk` lbraktiec, be` dtmkr ìsjiphieks. Pd hkbre ldrk bndut @klbe` Lktrij, sice up gdr b grkk lklnkrsmip bt www.`klbe`lktrij.jdl

WIKS SKNZIPK


© @klbe` Lktrij ^kskbrjm Jdrpdrbtide. Bhh îcmts ^kskrvk`.

www.`klbe`lktrij.jdl

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