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AOAC Official Method 994.12 Amino Acids in Feeds
Name
Picture
We Hydrophobic
Acid/Base (pH)
Essential vs. Nonessential
Other Special Properties
Nonessential Alpha Helix Breaker oh my, this is nonchiral, boys… inhibits firing of neurons (IPSP)
Glycine (Gly/G) Hydrophobic
Nonessential Alanine Scanning
Hydrophobic
Essential
Hydrophobic
Essential
Hydrophobic
Essential
Hydrophobic
Nonessential Alpha Helix Breaker only IMINO acid
Hydrophobic
Essential
absorbs UV light, disorder = PKU
Hydrophilic
Nonessential
Catecholamines are derived from this (dopamine,
Alanine (Ala/A)
Valine (Val/v)
substituted-in in sickle-cell (for glutamic acid) anemia hue Hb
Leucine (Leu/L) Isomer of leucine
Isoleucine (Ile/I)
Proline (Pro/P)
Phenylalanine (Phe/F)
Tyrosine (Tyr/Y)
epinephrine, and norepinephrine) Tyrosine receptor kinases when phosphorylated initiate cell signals absorbs UV light Hydrophobic
sadg
Essential
precursor for serotonin absorbs UV light
Hydrophilic
Nonessential
May be phosphorylated
Hydrophilic
Essential
May be phosphorylated (not as often as Ser and Tyr)
Hydrophilic
Nonessential
Disulfide Bridges!
Hydrophobic
Essential
Start codon - AUG Helpful for immune system. NO Disulfide bonds js.
Hydrophilic
Nonessential
Tryptophan (Trp/W)
Serine (Ser/S)
Threonine (Thr/T)
Cysteine (Cys/C)
Methionine (Met/M)
Asparagine (Asn/N)
Hydrophilic
Nonessential
an amide, not amine (don’t be fooled)
forms isopeptide bonds from amine end
Glutamine (Gln/Q) Hydrophilic
Basic
Essential
Hydrophilic
Basic
Nonessential Aquaporins Histone tails
Hydrophilic
Basic
Nonessential (except for small children)
pKa close to physiological pH -> useful for active site due to its ability to switch from protonated to deprotonated states turns into histamine (surprise) Has an imidazole ring
Hydrophilic
Acidic
Nonessential
Neurotransmitter excites the neurons
Hydrophilic
Acidic
Nonessential
Neurotransmitter necessary for memory/ nervous system function
Lysine (Lys/LK (Lys/LK))
Arginine (Arg/R)
Histidine (His/H)
Aspartate (-ic acid) (Asp/D)
Glutamate (icacid) (Glu/E)
overproduction in basal ganglia = Huntington’s Disease substituted-out in sickle-cell Hb
