ghctlrcmo } kgp
8. KL@[WO KL@[WOXM XM S VMRXCKC VMRXCKCVMKCÛ@ VMKCÛ@ HG OL[ XRMBMJM XRMBMJMHLRG[ HLRG[ 8.= Kl`suotm hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs Go giprgsmrcl hgbgrí kl`suotmr m ols trmbmjmhlrgs, kl` om hgbchm m`tgomkcû`, om mhlpkcû` hg oms hgkcscl`gs rgomtcvms m: m) Om pom`ceckmkcû` y om lram`czmkcû` hgo trmbmjl g` om giprgsm y om c`trlhukkcû` hg `ugvms tgk`lolaéms, g` tlhl ol rgomkcl`mhl kl` oms kl`sgkug`kcms qug ãstms puhcgrm` tg`gr pmrm om sgaurchmh y om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs, hgrcvmhms hg om gogkkcû` hg ols gqucpls, om hgtgric`mkcû` y om mhgkumkcû` hg oms kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl y go cipmktl hg ols emktlrgs mibcg`tmogs g` go trmbmjl. b) Om lram`czmkcû` y hgsmrrlool hg oms mktcvchmhgs hg prltgkkcû` hg om smouh y prgvg`kcû` prgvg`kcû` hg ols rcgsals prlegscl`mogs g` om giprgsm, c`kouchm om hgsca`mkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs g`kmramhls hg hcknms mktcvchmhgs l go rgkursl m u` sgrvckcl hg prgvg`kcû` gxtgr`l. k) Om hgsca`mkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs g`kmramhls g`kmramhls hg oms ighchms hg gigrag`kcm. gigrag`kcm. h) Ols prlkghcicg`tls hg c`elrimkcû` y hlkuig`tmkcû` hlkuig`tmkcû` m qug sg rgecgrg` ols mrtékuols =>, mpmrtmhl =, y 2;, mpmrtmhl =, hg om prgsg`tg Ogy. g) Go prlygktl y om lram`czmkcû` hg om elrimkcû` g` imtgrcm prgvg`tcvm. e) Kumoqucgr ltrm mkkcû` qug pughm tg`gr gegktls sustm`kcmogs slbrg om sgaurchmh sgaurchmh y om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs. G` oms giprgsms qug kug`tg` kl` rgprgsg`tm`tgs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs, oms kl`suotms m qug sg rgecgrg go mpmrtmhl m`tgrclr sg oogvmrí` m kmbl kl` hcknls rgprgsg`tm`tgs.
8.2 Hgrgknls hg pmrtckcpmkcû` y rgprgsg`tmkcû` Ols trmbmjmhlrgs tcg`g` hgrgknl m pmrtckcpmr g` om giprgsm g` oms kugstcl`gs rgomkcl`mhms kl` om prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals g` go trmbmjl. G` oms giprgsms l kg`trls hg trmbmjl qug kug`tg` kl` sgcs l iís trmbmjmhlrgs, om pmrtckcpmkcû` hg ãstls sg km`moczmrí m trmvãs hg sus rgprgsg`tm`tgs y hg om rgprgsg`tmkcû` gspgkcmoczmhm qug sg rgauom g` gstg kmpétuol.
M ols Klictãs hg Giprgsm, m ols Hgogamhls hg Vgrsl`mo y m ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs sc`hckmogs ogs klrrgspl`hg, g` ols tãric`ls qug, qu g, rgspgktcvmig`tg, ogs rgkl`lkg` go Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs, om Ogy hg Ûram`ls hg Rgprgsg`tmkcû` hgo Vgrsl`mo mo [grvckcl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs Vúbockms y om Ogy Lraí`ckm hg Ocbgrtmh [c`hckmo, om hgeg`sm hg ols c`tgrgsgs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals r cgsals g` go trmbmjl. Vmrm gool, ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs hgo pgrsl`mo gjgrkgrí` oms klipgtg`kcms qug hcknms `lrims gstmbogkg` g` imtgrcm hg c`elrimkcû`, kl`suotm y `galkcmkcû`, vcacom`kcm y kl`trlo y gjgrkckcl hg mkkcl`gs m`tg oms giprgsms y ols ûram`ls y trcbu`mogs klipgtg`tgs. Go hgrgknl hg pmrtckcpmkcû` qug sg rgauom g` gstg kmpétuol sg gjgrkgrí g` go íibctl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs púbockms kl` oms mhmptmkcl`gs qug prlkghm` g` mtg`kcû` m om hcvgrschmh hg oms mktcvchmhgs qug hgsmrrloom` y oms hcegrg`tgs kl`hckcl`gs g` qug ãstms sg rgmoczm`, om klipogjchmh y hcspgrscû` hg
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=5;
ghctlrcmo } kgp
su gstrukturm lram`czmtcvm y sus pgkuocmrchmhgs g` imtgrcm hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` klogktcvm, g` ols tãric`ls prgvcstls g` om Ogy 1/=336, hg =3 hg juocl, slbrg `galkcmkcû` klogktcvm y pmrtckcpmkcû` g` om hgtgric`mkcû` hg oms kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl hg ols gipogmhls púbockls, puhcã`hlsg gstmbogkgr íibctls sgktlrcmogs y hgskg`trmoczmhls g` eu`kcû` hgo `úigrl hg gegktcvls y kg`trls. Vmrm oogvmr m kmbl om c`hckmhm mhmptmkcû` g` go íibctl hg om Mhic`cstrmkcû` Ag`grmo hgo Gstmhl, go Albcgr`l tg`hrí g` kug`tm ols scaucg`tgs krctgrcls: m) G` `c`aú` kmsl hcknm mhmptmkcû` plhrí megktmr m oms klipgtg`kcms, klipgtg`kcms, emkuotmhgs y amrm`téms qug sg rgkl`lkg` g` gstm Ogy m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` y m ols Klictãs hg [gaurchmh y [mouh. b) [g hgbgrí gstmbogkgr go íibctl gspgkéeckl gspgkéeckl qug rgsuotg mhgkumhl g` kmhm kmsl pmrm go gjgrkckcl hg om eu`kcû` hg pmrtckcpmkcû` g` imtgrcm prgvg`tcvm hg`trl hg om gstrukturm lram`czmtcvm hg om Mhic`cstrmkcû`. Kl` kmríktgr ag`grmo, hcknl íibctl sgrí go hg ols ûram`ls hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` hgo pgrsl`mo mo sgrvckcl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs púbockms, sc bcg` plhrí` gstmbogkgrsg ltrls hcstc`tls g` eu`kcû` hg oms kmrmktgréstckms hg om mktcvchmh y ergkug`kcm hg ols rcgsals m qug pughm` g`kl`trmrsg gxpugstls ols trmbmjmhlrgs. k) Kum`hl g` go c`hckmhl íibctl gxcstm` hcegrg`tgs ûram`ls hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` hgo pgrsl`mo, sg hgbgrí amrm`tczmr u`m mktumkcû` kllrhc`mhm hg tlhls gools g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` y prltgkkcû` hg om sgaurchmh y om smouh g` go trmbmjl, plscbcoctm`hl qug om pmrtckcpmkcû` sg rgmockg hg elrim kl`ju`tm g`trg u`ls y ltrls, g` go íibctl gspgkéeckl gstmbogkchl mo gegktl. h) Kl` kmríktgr ag`grmo, sg sg kl`stctucrí u` ú`ckl Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh g` go íibctl hg ols ûram`ls hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` prgvcstls g` om Ogy hg Ûram`ls hg Rgprgsg`tmkcû` hgo Vgrsl`mo mo [grvckcl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs Vúbockms, qug gstmrí c`tgarmhl plr ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` hgsca`mhls g` hcknl íibctl, tm`tl pmrm go pgrsl`mo kl` rgomkcû` hg kmríktgr mhic`cstrmtcvl l gstmtutmrcl klil pmrm go pgrsl`mo omblrmo, y plr rgprgsg`tm`tgs hg om Mhic`cstrmkcû` g` `úigrl `l supgrclr mo hg Hgogamhls. Gool `l lbstm`tg, plhrí` kl`stctucrsg Klictãs hg [gaurchmh y [mouh g` ltrls íibctls kum`hl oms rmzl`gs hg om mktcvchmh y go tcpl y ergkug`kcm hg ols rcgsals msé ol mkl`sgjg`.
8.; Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` Ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` sl` ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs kl` eu`kcl`gs gspgkéeckms g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals g` go trmbmjl.
=58
@úigrl hg trmbmjmhlrgs
@úigrl hg Hgogamhls hg prgvg`kcû`
Hg 76 m =66
2
Hg =6= m 766
;
Hg 76= m =666
8
Hg =66= m 2666
7
Hg 266= m ;666
5
Hg ;66= m 8666
1
Hg 866= g` mhgom`tg
>
Xgim 8
ghctlrcmo } kgp
Ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` sgrí` hgsca`mhls plr y g`trg ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs hgo pgrsl`mo, g` go íibctl hg ols ûram`ls hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` prgvcstls g` oms `lrims m qug sg rgecgrg go mrtékuol m`tgrclr, kl` mrrgaol m om scaucg`tg gskmom: G` oms giprgsms hg nmstm trgc`tm trmbmjmhlrgs go Hgogamhl hg Vrgvg`kcû` sgrí go Hgogamhl hg Vgrsl`mo. G` oms giprgsms hg trgc`tm y u`l m kumrg`tm y `ugvg trmbmjmhlrgs nmbrí u` Hgogamhl hg Vrgvg`kcû` qug sgrí gogachl plr y g`trg ols Hgogamhls hg Vgrsl`mo. M gegktls hg hgtgric`mr go `úigrl hg Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` sg tg`hrí` g` kug`tm ols scaucg`tgs krctgrcls: m) Ols trmbmjmhlrgs vc`kuomhls plr kl`trmtls hg hurmkcû` hgtgric`mhm supgrclr m u` mýl sg kliputmrí` klil trmbmjmhlrgs ecjls hg pom`tcoom. b) Ols kl`trmtmhls plr tãric`l hg nmstm u` mýl sg kliputmrí` sgaú` go go `úigrl hg héms trmbmjmhls g` go pgrélhl hg u` mýl m`tgrclr m om hgsca`mkcû`. Kmhm hlskcg`tls héms trmbmjmhls l ermkkcû` sg kliputmrí` klil u` trmbmjmhlr iís. @l lbstm`tg ol hcspugstl g` go prgsg`tg mrtékuol, g` ols kl`vg`cls klogktcvls plhrí` gstmbogkgrsg ltrls scstgims hg hgsca`mkcû` hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`, scgiprg qug sg amrm`tckg qug om emkuotmh hg hgsca`mkcû` klrrgspl`hg m ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs hgo pgrsl`mo l m ols prlpcls trmbmjmhlrgs. Mscicsil, g` om `galkcmkcû` klogktcvm l ighcm`tg ols mkugrhls m qug sg rgecgrg go mrtékuol >;, mpmrtmhl ;, hgo Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs plhrí mklrhmrsg qug oms klipgtg`kcms rgkl`lkchms g` gstm Ogy m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` sgm` gjgrkchms plr ûram`ls gspgkéeckls krgmhls g` go prlpcl kl`vg`cl l g` ols mkugrhls kctmhls. Hcknls ûram`ls plhrí` msuicr, g` ols tãric`ls y kl`elrig m oms ilhmochmhgs qug sg mkugrhg`, klipgtg`kcms ag`grmogs rgspgktl hgo kl`ju`tl hg ols kg`trls hg trmbmjl c`kouchls g` go íibctl hg mpockmkcû` hgo kl`vg`cl l hgo mkugrhl, g` lrhg` m elig`tmr go igjlr kuipocicg`tl g` ols icsils hg om `lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs. Caumoig`tg, g` go íibctl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs púbockms sg plhrí` gstmbogkgr, g` ols tãric`ls sgýmomhls g` om Ogy 1/=336, hg =3 hg juocl, slbrg `galkcmkcû` klogktcvm y pmrtckcpmkcû` g` om hgtgric`mkcû` hg oms kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl hg ols gipogmhls púbockls, ltrls scstgims hg hgsca`mkcû` hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` y mklrhmrsg qug oms klipgtg`kcms qug gstm Ogy mtrcbuyg m ãstls pughm` sgr gjgrkchms plr ûram`ls gspgkéeckls.
8.8 Klipgtg`kcms y emkuotmhgs emkuotmhgs hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` Vrgvg`kcû` [l` klipgtg`kcms hg ols Hgogamhls H gogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`: m) Klomblrmr kl` om hcrgkkcû` hg om giprgsm g` om igjlrm hg om mkkcû` prgvg`tcvm. prgvg`tcvm. b) Vrlilvgr y elig`tmr om kllpgrmkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs g` om gjgkukcû` hg om `lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs. k) [gr kl`suotmhls plr go giprgsmrcl, kl` kmríktgr prgvcl m su gjgkukcû`, mkgrkm hg oms hgkcscl`gs m qug sg rgecgrg go mrtékuol ;; hg om prgsg`tg Ogy (Kl`suotm hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs). h) Gjgrkgr u`m omblr hg vcacom`kcm y kl`trlo slbrg go kuipocicg`tl hg om `lrimtcvm `lrimtcvm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs. G` oms giprgsms qug `l kug`tg` kl` Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh plr `l mokm`zmr go `úigrl ié`cil hg trmbmjmhlrgs gstmbogkchl mo gegktl, oms klipgtg`kcms mtrcbuchms m mquão g` om prgsg`tg Ogy sgrí` gjgrkchms plr ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`.
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=57
ghctlrcmo } kgp
G` go gjgrkckcl hg oms klipgtg`kcms mtrcbuchms m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`, ãstls gstmrí` emkuotmhls pmrm: m) Mklipmýmr m ols tãk`ckls g` oms gvmoumkcl`gs hg kmríktgr prgvg`tcvl hgo ighcl ighcl mibcg`tg hg trmbmjl, msé klil m ols C`spgktlrgs hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo g` oms vcsctms y vgrceckmkcl`gs qug rgmockg` g` ols kg`trls hg trmbmjl pmrm kliprlbmr go kuipocicg`tl hg om `lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs, puhcg`hl elriuomr m`tg gools oms lbsgrvmkcl`gs qug gstcig` lplrtu`ms. b) Xg`gr mkkgsl, kl` oms ocictmkcl`gs prgvcstms g` go mpmrtmhl 8 hgo mrtékuol 22 hg gstm Ogy, m om c`elrimkcû` y hlkuig`tmkcû` rgomtcvm m oms kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl qug sgm` `gkgsmrcms pmrm go gjgrkckcl hg sus eu`kcl`gs y, g` pmrtckuomr, m om prgvcstm g` ols mrtékuols => y 2; hg gstm Ogy. Kum`hl om c`elrimkcû` gstã sujgtm m oms ocictmkcl`gs rgsgýmhms, sûol plhrí sgr suic`cstrmhm hg im`grm qug sg amrm`tckg go rgspgtl hg om kl`echg`kcmochmh. k) [gr c`elrimhls plr go giprgsmrcl giprgsmrcl slbrg ols hmýls prlhukchls g` om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs trmbmjmhlrgs u`m vgz qug mquão nubcgsg tg`chl t g`chl kl`lkcicg`tl hg gools, puhcg`hl prgsg`tmrsg, mu` eugrm hg su jlr`mhm omblrmo, g` go ouamr hg ols ngknls pmrm kl`lkgr oms kcrku`stm`kcms hg ols icsils. h) Rgkcbcr hgo giprgsmrcl oms c`elrimkcl`gs lbtg`chms plr ãstg prlkghg`tgs hg oms pgrsl`ms u ûram`ls g`kmramhls hg oms mktcvchmhgs hg prltgkkcû` y prgvg`kcû` g` om giprgsm, msé klil hg ols lram`csils klipgtg`tgs pmrm om sgaurchmh y om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs, sc` pgrjuckcl hg ol hcspugstl g` go mrtékuol 86 hg gstm Ogy g` imtgrcm hg klomblrmkcû` kl` om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo. g) Rgmoczmr vcsctms m ols ouamrgs hg trmbmjl pmrm gjgrkgr gjgrkgr u`m omblr hg vcacom`kcm y kl`trlo hgo gstmhl hg oms kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl, puhcg`hl, m tmo ec`, mkkghgr m kumoqucgr zl`m hg ols icsils y kliu`ckmrsg hurm`tg om jlr`mhm kl` ols trmbmjmhlrgs, hg im`grm qug `l sg motgrg go `lrimo hgsmrrlool hgo prlkgsl prlhuktcvl. e) Rgkmbmr hgo giprgsmrcl giprgsmrcl om mhlpkcû` hg ighchms hg kmríktgr prgvg`tcvl y pmrm om igjlrm hg ols `cvgogs hg prltgkkcû` hg om sgaurchmh y om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs, puhcg`hl m tmo ec` gegktumr prlpugstms mo giprgsmrcl, msé klil mo Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh pmrm su hcskuscû` g` go icsil. a) Vrlpl`gr mo ûram`l hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` rgprgsg`tmkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs om mhlpkcû` hgo mkugrhl hg pmrmoczmkcû` hg mktcvchmhgs. Ols c`elrigs qug hgbm` gictcr ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` m tg`lr hg ol hcspugstl g` om ogtrm k) hgo prcigr pírrmel hg gstg gpéarmeg hgbgrí` gomblrmrsg g` u` pomzl hg quc`kg héms, l g` go tcgipl ciprgskc`hcbog kum`hl sg trmtg hg mhlptmr ighchms hcrcachms m prgvg`cr rcgsals c`ic`g`tgs. Xrm`skurrchl go pomzl sc` nmbgrsg gictchl go c`elrig, go giprgsmrcl plhrí pl`gr g` príktckm su hgkcscû`. Om hgkcscû` `gamtcvm hgo giprgsmrcl m om mhlpkcû` hg oms ighchms prlpugstms plr go Hgogamhl hg Vrgvg`kcû` m tg`lr hg ol hcspugstl g` om ogtrm e) m`tgrclr hgbgrí sgr iltcvmhm.
8.7 Amrm`téms y scacol prlegscl`mo hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` Vrgvg`kcû` Ol prgvcstl g` go mrtékuol 5> hgo Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs g` imtgrcm hg amrm`téms sgrí hg mpockmkcû` m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` g` su kl`hckcû` hg rgprgsg`tm`tgs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs. Go tcgipl utcoczmhl plr ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` pmrm go hgsgipgýl hg oms eu`kcl`gs prgvcstms g` gstm Ogy sgrí kl`schgrmhl klil hg gjgrkckcl hg eu`kcl`gs hg rgprgsg`tmkcû` m gegktls hg
=55
Xgim 8
ghctlrcmo } kgp
om utcoczmkcû` hgo krãhctl hg nlrms ig`sumogs rgtrcbuchms prgvcstl g` om ogtrm g) hgo kctmhl mrtékuol 5> hgo Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs. @l lbstm`tg ol m`tgrclr, sgrí kl`schgrmhl g` tlhl kmsl klil tcgipl hg trmbmjl gegktcvl, sc` ciputmkcû` mo kctmhl krãhctl nlrmrcl, go klrrgspl`hcg`tg m oms rgu`cl`gs hgo Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh y m kumogsqucgrm ltrms kl`vlkmhms plr go giprgsmrcl g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals, msé klil go hgstc`mhl m oms vcsctms prgvcstms g` oms ogtrms m) y k) hgo `úigrl 2 hgo mrtékuol m`tgrclr. Go giprgsmrcl hgbgrí prlplrkcl`mr m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` ols ighcls y om elrimkcû` g` imtgrcm prgvg`tcvm qug rgsuotg` `gkgsmrcls pmrm go gjgrkckcl hg sus eu`kcl`gs. Om elrimkcû` sg hgbgrí emkcoctmr plr go giprgsmrcl plr sus prlpcls ighcls l ighcm`tg kl`kcgrtl kl` lram`csils l g`tchmhgs gspgkcmoczmhms g` om imtgrcm y hgbgrí mhmptmrsg m om gvloukcû` hg ols rcgsals y m om mpmrckcû` hg ltrls `ugvls, rgpctcã`hlsg pgrcûhckmig`tg sc eugrm `gkgsmrcl. Go tcgipl hghckmhl m om elrimkcû` sgrí kl`schgrmhl klil tcgipl hg trmbmjl m tlhls ols gegktls y su klstg `l plhrí rgkmgr g` `c`aú` kmsl slbrg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`. M ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` ogs sgrí hg mpockmkcû` ol hcspugstl g` go mpmrtmhl 2 hgo mrtékuol 57 hgo Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs g` kum`tl mo scacol prlegscl`mo hgbchl rgspgktl hg oms c`elrimkcl`gs m qug tuvcgsg` mkkgsl klil kl`sgkug`kcm hg su mktumkcû` g` om giprgsm. Ol hcspugstl g` go prgsg`tg mrtékuol g` imtgrcm hg amrm`téms y scacol prlegscl`mo hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` sg g`tg`hgrí rgegrchl g` go kmsl hg oms rgomkcl`gs hg kmríktgr mhic`cstrmtcvl l gstmtutmrcl hgo pgrsl`mo mo sgrvckcl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs púbockms, m om rgauomkcû` kl`tg`chm g` ols mrtékuols =6, pírrmel sgau`hl, y == hg om Ogy 3/=3>1, hg =2 hg ju`cl, hg Ûram`ls hg Rgprgsg`tmkcû`, Hgtgric`mkcû` hg oms Kl`hckcl`gs hg Xrmbmjl y Vmrtckcpmkcû` hgo Vgrsl`mo mo [grvckcl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs Vúbockms.
8.5 Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh Go Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh gs go ûram`l pmrctmrcl y klogacmhl hg pmrtckcpmkcû` hgstc`mhl m om kl`suotm rgauomr y pgrcûhckm hg oms mktumkcl`gs hg om giprgsm g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals. [g kl`stctucrí u` Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh g` tlhms oms giprgsms l kg`trls hg trmbmjl qug kug`tg` kl` 76 l iís trmbmjmhlrgs. Go Klictã gstmrí elrimhl plr ols o ls Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`, hg u`m pmrtg, y plr go giprgsmrcl y/l sus rgprgsg`tm`tgs g` `úigrl caumo mo hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`, hg om ltrm. G` oms rgu`cl`gs hgo Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh pmrtckcpmrí`, kl` vlz pgrl sc` vltl, ols Hgogamhls [c`hckmogs y ols rgspl`smbogs tãk`ckls hg om prgvg`kcû` g` om giprgsm qug `l gstã` c`kouchls g` om kliplsckcû` m om qug sg rgecgrg go pírrmel m`tgrclr. G` oms icsims kl`hckcl`gs plhrí` pmrtckcpmr trmbmjmhlrgs hg om giprgsm qug kug`tg` kl` u`m gspgkcmo kumoceckmkcû` l c`elrimkcû` rgspgktl hg kl`krgtms kugstcl`gs qug sg hgbmtm` g` gstg ûram`l y tãk`ckls g` prgvg`kcû` mjg`ls m om giprgsm, scgiprg qug msé ol slockctg moau`m hg oms rgprgsg`tmkcl`gs g` go Klictã. Go Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh sg rgu`crí trcigstrmoig`tg y scgiprg qug ol slockctg moau`m hg oms rgprgsg`tmkcl`gs g` go icsil. Go Klictã mhlptmrí sus prlpcms `lrims hg eu`kcl`micg`tl.
Oms giprgsms qug kug`tg` kl` vmrcls kg`trls hg trmbmjl hltmhls hg Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh plhrí` mklrhmr kl` sus trmbmjmhlrgs om krgmkcû` hg u` Klictã C`tgrkg`trls, kl` oms eu`kcl`gs qug go mkugrhl og mtrcbuym.
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=51
ghctlrcmo } kgp
8.1 Klipgtg`kcms y emkuotmhgs emkuotmhgs hgo Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh [mouh Go Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh tg`hrí oms scaucg`tgs klipgtg`kcms: m) Vmrtckcpmr g` om gomblrmkcû`, pugstm g` príktckm y gvmoumkcû` gvmoumkcû` hg ols pom`gs y prlarmims hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals hg om giprgsm. M tmo gegktl, g` su sg`l sg hgbmtcrí`, m`tgs hg su pugstm g` príktckm y g` ol rgegrg`tg m su c`kchg`kcm g` om prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals, om gogkkcû` hg om ilhmochmh lram`czmtcvm hg om giprgsm y, g` su kmsl, om agstcû` rgmoczmhm plr oms g`tchmhgs gspgkcmoczmhms kl` oms qug om giprgsm nubcgrm kl`kgrtmhl om rgmoczmkcû` hg mktcvchmhgs prgvg`tcvms4 ols prlygktls g` imtgrcm hg pom`ceckmkcû`, lram`czmkcû` hgo trmbmjl g c`trlhukkcû` hg `ugvms tgk`lolaéms, lram`czmkcû` y hgsmrrlool hg oms mktcvchmhgs hg prltgkkcû` y prgvg`kcû` m qug sg rgecgrg go mrtékuol =5 hg gstm Ogy y prlygktl y lram`czmkcû` hg om elrimkcû` g` imtgrcm prgvg`tcvm4 b) Vrlilvgr c`ckcmtcvms slbrg iãtlhls iãtlhls y prlkghcicg`tls pmrm om gegktcvm prgvg`kcû` prgvg`kcû` hg ols rcgsals, prlpl`cg`hl m om giprgsm om igjlrm hg oms kl`hckcl`gs l om klrrgkkcû` hg oms hgeckcg`kcms gxcstg`tgs. G` go gjgrkckcl hg sus klipgtg`kcms, go Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh gstmrí emkuotmhl pmrm: m) Kl`lkgr hcrgktmig`tg om sctumkcû` sctumkcû` rgomtcvm m om prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals g` go kg`trl hg trmbmjl, rgmoczm`hl m tmo gegktl oms vcsctms qug gstcig lplrtu`ms. b) Kl`lkgr kum`tls hlkuig`tls g c`elrigs rgomtcvls m oms kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl sgm` `gkg`gkgsmrcls pmrm go kuipocicg`tl hg sus eu`kcl`gs, msé klil ols prlkghg`tgs hg om mktcvchmh hgo sgrvckcl hg prgvg`kcû`, g` su kmsl. k) Kl`lkgr y m`moczmr ols hmýls prlhukchls g` om smouh l g` g` om c`tgarchmh eésckm hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs, mo lbjgtl hg vmolrmr sus kmusms y prlpl`gr oms ighchms prgvg`tcvms lplrtu`ms. h) Kl`lkgr g c`elrimr om igilrcm y prlarmimkcû` m`umo hg sgrvckcls hg prgvg`kcû`. M ec` hg hmr kuipocicg`tl m ol hcspugstl g` gstm Ogy rgspgktl hg om klomblrmkcû` g`trg giprgsms g` ols supugstls hg hgsmrrlool sciuotí`gl hg mktcvchmhgs g` u` icsil kg`trl hg trmbmjl, sg plhrí mklrhmr om rgmoczmkcû` hg rgu`cl`gs kl`ju`tms hg ols Klictãs hg [gaurchmh y [mouh l, g` su hgegktl, hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` y giprgsmrcls hg oms giprgsms qug kmrgzkm` hg hcknls Klictãs, u ltrms ighchms hg mktumkcû` kllrhc`mhm.
8.> Klomblrmkcû` kl` om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo Ols trmbmjmhlrgs y sus rgprgsg`tm`tgs plhrí` rgkurrcr m om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo sc kl`schgrm` qug oms ighchms mhlptmhms y ols ighcls utcoczmhls plr go giprgsmrcl `l sl` sueckcg`tgs pmrm amrm`tczmr om sgaurchmh y om smouh g` go trmbmjl. G` oms vcsctms m ols kg`trls hg trmbmjl pmrm om kliprlbmkcû` hgo kuipocicg`tl hg om `lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs, go C`spgktlr hg Xrm bmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo kliu`ckmrí su prgsg`kcm mo giprgsmrcl l m su rgprgsg`tm`tg l m om pgrsl`m c`spgkkcl`mhm, mo Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh, mo Hgogamhl hg Vrgvg`kcû` l, g` su musg`kcm, m ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs ogamogs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs, m ec` hg qug pughm` mklipmýmrog hurm`tg go hgsmrrlool hg su vcsctm y elriuomrog oms lbsgrvmkcl`gs qug gstcig` lplrtu`ms, m ig`ls qug kl`schgrg qug hcknms kliu`ckmkcl`gs pughm` pgrjuhckmr go ãxctl hg sus eu`kcl`gs. Om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo c`elrimrí m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` slbrg ols rgsuotmhls hg oms vcsctms m qug nmkg rgegrg`kcm go mpmrtmhl m`tgrclr y slbrg oms ighchms mhlp-
=5>
Xgim 8
ghctlrcmo } kgp
tmhms klil kl`sgkug`kcm hg oms icsims, msé klil mo giprgsmrcl ighcm`tg hcocag`kcm g` go Ocbrl hg Ucsctms hg om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo qug hgbg gxcstcr g` kmhm kg`trl hg trmbmjl. Oms lram`czmkcl`gs sc`hckmogs y giprgsmrcmogs iís rgprgsg`tmtcvms sgrí` kl`suotmhms kl` kmríktgr prgvcl m om gomblrmkcû` hg ols pom`gs hg mktumkcû` hg om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals g` go trmbmjl, g` gspgkcmo hg ols prlarmims gspgkéeckls pmrm giprgsms hg ig`ls hg sgcs trmbmjmhlrgs, g c`elrimhms hgo rgsuotmhl hg hcknls pom`gs.
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=53
Gsqugim 8
OM OGS ;=/=337, HG > HG @LUCGIBRG, HG VRGUG@KCÛ@ HG RCG[AL[ OMBLRMOG[: LBJGXL, ÍIBCXL HG MVOCKMKCÛ@ S HGEC@CKCL@G[ @lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs Om `lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs gstí kl`stctuchm plr om Ogy ;=/=337, hg > hg `lvcgibrg, hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
Lbjgtl y kmríktgr hg om `lrim Om Ogy tcg`g plr lbjgtl prlilvgr om sgaurchmh y om smouh hg ols trmbm jmhlrgs ighcm`tg om mpockmkcû` hg ighchms y go hgsmrrlool hg oms mktcvchmhgs `gkgsmrcms pmrm om prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals hgrcvmhls hgo trmbmjl
Íibctl hg mpockmkcû` Om Ogy hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs y sus `lrims hg hgsmrrlool sgrí` hg mpockmkcû` tm`tl g` go íibctl hg oms rgomkcl`gs omblrmogs rgauomhms g` go tgxtl rgeu`hchl hg om Ogy hgo Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs, klil g` go hg oms rgomkcl`gs hg kmríktgr mhic`cstrmtcvl mhic`cstrmtcvl l gstmtutmrcl hgo pgrsl`mo mo sgrvckcl hg oms Mhic`cstrmkcl`gs Vúbockms
Hgec`ckcl`gs Vrgvg`kcû` Rcgsal omblrmo Hmýls hgrcvmhls hgo trmbmjl Rcgsal omblrmo armvg g c`ic`g`tg Vrlkgsls l mktcvchmhgs pltg`kcmoig`tg pgocarlsls Gqucpl hg trmbmjl Kl`hckcû` hg trmbmjl Gqucpl hg prltgkkcû` c`hcvchumo
HGRGKNL[ S LBOCAMKCL@G[ Hgrgknl m om prltgkkcû` erg`tg m ols rcgsals omblrmogs Ols trmbmjmhlrgs tcg`g` hgrgknl m u`m prltgkkcû` geckmz g` imtgrcm hg sgaurchmh y smouh g` go trmbmjl
Vrc`kcpcls hg om mkkcû` prgvg`tcvm Go giprgsmrcl tlimrí g` kl`schgrmkcû` oms kmpmkchmhgs prlegscl`mogs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs g` imtgrcm hg sgaurchmh y hg smouh g` go ilig`tl hg g`klig`hmrogs oms tmrgms
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=1=
Go giprgsmrcl mhlptmrí oms ighchms `gkgsmrcms m ec` hg amrm`tczmr qug sûol ols trmbmjmhlrgs qug nmym` rgkcbchl c`elrimkcû` sueckcg`tg y mhgkumhm pughm` mkkghgr m oms zl`ms hg rcgsal armvg y gspgkéeckl
Vom` hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs, gvmoumkcû` hg ols rcgsals y pom`ceckmkcû` hg om mktcvchmh prgvg`tcvm Om prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs hgbgrí c`tgarmrsg g` go scstgim ag`grmo hg agstcû` hg om giprgsm, tm`tl g` go kl`ju`tl hg sus mktcvchmhgs klil g` tlhls ols `cvgogs jgrírquckls hg ãstm, m trmvãs hg om cipom`tmkcû` y mpockmkcû` hg u` pom` hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs
Gqucpls hg trmbmjl y ighcls hg prltgkkcû` Go giprgsmrcl mhlptmrí oms ighchms `gkgsmrcms kl` go ec` hg qug ols gqucpls hg trmbmjl sgm` mhgkumhls pmrm go trmbmjl qug hgbm rgmoczmrsg y kl`vg`cg`tgig`tg mhmptmhls m tmo gegktl, hg elrim qug amrm`tckg` om sgaurchmh y om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs mo utcoczmrols
C`elrimkcû`, kl`suotm y pmrtckcpmkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs M ec` hg hmr kuipocicg`tl mo hgbgr hg prltgkkcû` gstmbogkchl g` om Ogy hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs, go giprgsmrcl mhlptmrí oms ighchms mhgkumhms pmrm qug ols trmbmjmhlrg trmbmjmhlrgss rgkcbm` tlhms oms c`elrimkcl`gs `gkgsmrcms
Elrimkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs G` kuipocicg`tl hgo hgbgr hg prltgkkcû`, go giprgsmrcl hgbgrí amrm`tczmr qug kmhm trmbmjmhlr rgkcbm u`m elrimkcû` tgûrckm y príktckm, sueckcg`tg y mhgkumhm, g` imtgrcm prgvg`tcvm, tm`tl g` go ilig`tl hg su kl`trmtmkcû`, kumoqucgrm qug sgm om ilhmochmh l hurmkcû` hg ãstm, klil kum`hl sg prlhuzkm` kmibcls g` oms eu`kcl`gs qug hgsgipgýg l sg c`trlhuzkm` `ugvms tgk`lolaéms l kmibcls g` ols gqucpls hg trmbmjl
Ighchms hg gigrag`kcm Vmrm om mpockmkcû` hg oms ighchms mhlptmhms, go giprgsmrcl hgbgrí lram`czmr oms rgomkcl`gs qug sgm` `gkgsmrcms kl` sgrvckcls gxtgr`ls m om giprgsm, g` pmrtckuomr g` imtgrcm hg prcigrls muxcocls, mscstg`kcm iãhckm hg urag`kcm, smovmig`tl y ouknm kl`trm c`kg`hcls, hg elrim qug qughg amrm`tczmhm om rmpchgz y geckmkcm hg oms icsims
Rcgsal armvg g c`ic`g`tg Go trmbmjmhlr tg`hrí hgrgknl m c`tgrruipcr su mktcvchmh y mbm`hl`mr go ouamr hg trmbmjl, g` kmsl `gkgsmrcl, kum`hl kl`schgrg qug hcknm mktcvchmh g`trmým u` rcgsal armvg g c`ic`g`tg pmrm su vchm l su smouh
Ucacom`kcm hg om smouh Go giprgsmrcl amrm`tczmrí m ols trmbmjmhlrgs m su sgrvckcl om vcacom`kcm pgrcûhckm hg su gstmhl hg smouh g` eu`kcû` hg ols rcgsals c`ngrg`tgs mo trmbmjl
Hlkuig`tmkcû` Go giprgsmrcl gstmrí lbocamhl m `ltceckmr plr gskrctl m om mutlrchmh omblrmo ols hmýls pmrm om smouh hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs m su sgrvckcl qug sg nubcgrm` prlhukchl kl` iltcvl hgo hgsmrrlool hg su trmbm jl, kl`elrig mo prlkghcicg`tl qug sg hgtgric`g rgaomig`tmrcmig`tg rgaomig`tmrcmig`tg
=12
Xgim 8
Kllrhc`mkcû` hg mktcvchmhgs giprgsmrcmogs Kum`hl g` u` icsil kg`trl hg trmbmjl hgsmrrloog` hgsmrrloog` mktcvchmhgs trmbmjmhlrgs hg hls l iís giprgsms, ãstms hgbgrí` kllpgrmr g` om mpockmkcû` hg om `lrimtcvm slbrg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs. M tmo ec`, gstmbogkgrí` ols ighcls hg kllrhc`mkcû` qug sgm` `gkgsmrcls g` kum`tl m om prltgkkcû` y prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals omblrmogs y om c`elrimkcû` slbrg ols icsils m sus rgspgktcvls trmbmjmhlrgs
Vrltgkkcû` hg trmbmjmhlrgs gspgkcmoig`tg sg`scbogs m hgtgric`mhls rcgsals Go giprgsmrcl amrm`tczmrí hg im`grm gspgkéeckm om prltgkkcû` hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs qug, plr sus prlpcms kmrmktgréstckms pgrsl`mogs l gstmhl bcloûackl kl`lkchl, c`kouchls mqugools qug tg`am` rgkl`lkchm om sctumkcû` hg hcskmpmkchmh eésckm, pséquckm l sg`slrcmo, sgm` gspgkcmoig`tg sg`scbogs m ols rcgsals hgrcvmhls hgo trmbmjl. M tmo ec`, hgbgrí tg`gr g` kug`tm hcknls mspgktls g` oms gvmoumkcl`gs hg ols rcgsals y, g` eu`kcû` hg ãstms, mhlptmrí oms ighchms prgvg`tcvms y hg prltgkkcû` `gkgsmrcms
Vrltgkkcû` hg om imtgr`chmh Om gvmoumkcû` hg ols rcgsals hgbgrí kliprg`hgr om hgtgric`mkcû` hg om `mturmogzm, go armhl y om hurmkcû` hg om gxplsckcû` hg oms trmbmjmhlrm trmbmjmhlrmss g` sctumkcû` hg gibmrmzl l pmrtl rgkcg`tg m mag`tgs, prlkghcicg`tls l kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl qug pughm` c`eoucr `gamtcvmig`tg g` om smouh hg oms trmbmjmhlrms l hgo egtl, g` kumoqucgr mktcvchmh suskgptcbog hg prgsg`tmr u` rcgsal gspgkéeckl
Vrltgkkcû` hg ols ig`lrgs M`tgs hg om c`klrplrmkcû` mo trmbmjl hg jûvg`gs ig`lrgs hg hcgkclknl mýls, y prgvcmig`tg m kumoqucgr ilhceckmkcû` ciplrtm`tg hg sus kl`hckcl`gs hg trmbmjl, go giprgsmrcl hgbgrí gegktumr u`m gvmoumkcû` hg ols pugstls hg trmbmjl m hgsgipgýmr plr ols icsils, m ec` hg hgtgric`mr om `mturmogzm, go armhl y om hurmkcû` hg su gxplsckcû`
Rgomkcl`gs hg trmbmjl tgiplrmogs, hg hurmkcû` hgtgric`mhm y g` giprgsms hg trmbmjl tgiplrmo Ols trmbmjmhlrgs kl` rgomkcl`gs hg trmbmjl tgiplrmogs l hg hurmkcû` hgtgric`mhm, msé klil ols kl`trmtmhls plr giprgsms hg trmbmjl tgiplrmo, hgbgrí` hcserutmr hgo icsil `cvgo hg prltgkkcû` g` imtgrcm hg sgaurchmh y smouh qug ols rgstm`tgs trmbmjmhlrgs hg om giprgsm g` om qug prgstm` sus sgrvckcls
Lbocamkcl`gs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals Klrrgspl`hg m kmhm trmbmjmhlr vgomr, sgaú` sus plscbcochmhgs y ighcm`tg go kuipocicg`tl hg oms ighchms hg prgvg`kcû` qug g` kmhm kmsl sgm` mhlptmhms, plr su prlpcm sgaurchmh y smouh g` go trmbmjl y plr om hg mqugooms ltrms pgrsl`ms m oms qug pughm megktmr su mktcvchmh prlegscl`mo, m kmusm hg sus mktls y licscl`gs g` go trmbmjl, hg kl`elrichmh kl` su elrimkcû` y oms c`strukkcl`gs hgo giprgsmrcl
[GRUCKCL[ HG VRGUG@KCÛ@ Vrltgkkcû` y prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals prlegscl`mogs G` kuipocicg`tl hgo hgbgr hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals prlegscl`mogs, go giprgsmrcl hgsca`mrí u`l l vmrcls trmbmjmhlrgs pmrm lkupmrsg hg hcknm mktcvchmh, kl`stctucrí u` sgrvckcl hg prgvg`kcû` l kl`kgrtmrí hcknl sgrvckcl kl` u`m g`tchmh gspgkcmoczmhm mjg`m m om giprgsm
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=1;
[grvckcls hg prgvg`kcû` [c om hgsca`mkcû` hg u`l l vmrcls trmbmjmhlrgs eugrm c`sueckcg`tg pmrm om rgmoczmkcû` hg oms mktcvchmhgs hg prgvg`kcû`, g` eu`kcû` hgo tmimýl hg om giprgsm, hg ols rcgsals m qug gstí` gxpugstls ols trmbmjmhlrgs l hg om pgocarlschmh hg oms mktcvchmhgs hgsmrrloomhms, kl` go mokm`kg qug sg gstmbogzkm g` oms hcsplsckcl`gs m qug sg rgecgrg om ogtrm g) hgo mpmrtmhl = hgo mrtékuol 5 hg om prgsg`tg Ogy, go giprgsmrcl hgbgrí rgkurrcr m u`l l vmrcls sgrvckcls hg prgvg`kcû` prlpcls l mjg`ls m om giprgsm, qug klomblrmrí` kum`hl sgm `gkgsmrcl
Vrlncbckcû` hg pmrtckcpmkcû` g` mktcvchmhgs igrkm`tcogs hg prgvg`kcû` Oms Iutums Klomblrmhlrms kl` om [gaurchmh [lkcmo `l plhrí` hgsmrrloomr oms eu`kcl`gs klrrgspl`hcg`tgs m ols sgrvckcls hg prgvg`kcû` mjg`ls, `c pmrtckcpmr kl` kmral m su pmtrcil`cl ncstûrckl g` go kmpctmo slkcmo hg u`m slkcghmh igrkm`tco g` kuyl lbjgtl ecaurg om mktcvchmh hg prgvg`kcû`.
Vrgsg`kcm hg ols rgkursls prgvg`tcvls Ols rgkursls prgvg`tcvls hgbgrí` tg`gr om kmpmkchmh sueckcg`tg, hcspl`gr hg ols ighcls `gkgsmrcls y sgr sueckcg`tgs g` `úigrl pmrm vcacomr go kuipocicg`tl hg oms mktcvchmhgs prgvg`tcvms, hgbcg`hl pgrim`gkgr g` go kg`trl hg trmbmjl hurm`tg go tcgipl g` qug sg im`tg`am om sctumkcû` qug hgtgric`g su prgsg`kcm
KL@[WOXM KL@[WOX M S VMRXCKC VMRXCKCV VMKCÛ@ HG OL[ XRMB XRMBMJMH MJMHLRG[ LRG[ Kl`suotm hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs Hgrgknls hg pmrtckcpmkcû` y rgprgsg`tmkcû` Ols trmbmjmhlrgs tcg`g` hgrgknl m pmrtckcpmr g` om giprgsm g` oms kugstcl`gs rgomkcl`mhms kl` om prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals g` go trmbmjl
Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` Ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` sl` ols rgprgsg`tm`tgs hg ols trmbmjmhlrgs kl` eu`kcl`gs gspgkéeckms g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals g` go trmbmjl
Klipgtg`kcms y emkuotmhgs hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` G` oms giprgsms qug `l kug`tg` kl` Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh plr `l mokm`zmr go `úigrl ié`cil hg trmbmjmhlrgs gstmbogkchl mo gegktl, oms klipgtg`kcms mtrcbuchms m mquão g` om prgsg`tg Ogy sgrí` gjgrkchms plr ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû`
Amrm`téms y scacol prlegscl`mo hg ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` Ol prgvcstl g` go mrtékuol 5> hgo Gstmtutl hg ols Xrmbmjmhlrgs g` imtgrcm hg amrm`téms sgrí hg mpockmkcû` m ols Hgogamhls hg Vrgvg`kcû` g` su kl`hckcû` hg rgprgsg`tm`tgs hg ols trmbmjmhlrg trmbmjmhlrgss
Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh Go Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh gs go ûram`l pmrctmrcl y klogacmhl hg pmrtckcpmkcû` hgstc`mhl m om kl`suotm rgauomr y pgrcûhckm hg oms mktumkcl`gs hg om giprgsm g` imtgrcm hg prgvg`kcû` hg rcgsals
=18
Xgim 8
Klipgtg`kcms y emkuotmhgs hgo Klictã hg [gaurchmh y [mouh Klomblrmkcû` kl` om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo Ols trmbmjmhlrgs y sus rgprgsg`tm`tgs plhrí` rgkurrcr m om C`spgkkcû` hg Xrmbmjl y [gaurchmh [lkcmo sc kl`schgrm` qug oms ighchms mhlptmhms y ols ighcls utcoczmhls plr go giprgsmrcl `l sl` sueckcg`tgs pmrm amrm`tczmr om sgaurchmh y om smouh g` go trmbmjl
Om Ogy ;=/=337 hg > hg `lvcgibrg hg Vrgvg`kcû` hg Rcgsals Omblrmogs
=17