GENERIC / TRADE NAME CARBOCISTEINE
CLASSIFICATION Mucolytics
INDICATION Use for the treatment of disorders of the respiratory tract associated with excessive mucous.
CONTRAINDICATION Contraindicated in active peptic ulcer.
SIDE EFFECTS
NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
Nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, palpitations and heartburn may occur.
Assess cough for type, frequency, character.
Caution must be exercised in patients with a history of gastric or duodenal ulcer.
Instruct patient to contact doctor if cough lasts more than 1 week.
Gastrointestinal bleeding and skin rash may occur.
Tell patient to take with water and to drink plenty of fluids.
As appropriate, review all other significant adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the test mentioned above. Do not use more than the recommended dosage to prevent adverse reactions. The drug will make the sputum more liquid making it easier to cough up.
CEFACLOR
Antibiotic Cephalosporin (second generation)
Low respiratory tract infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, S. pyogenes URIs caused by S. pyogenes Dermatologic infections caused by Staphylococcus
Contraindicated with allergy to cephalosporins or penicillins. Use cautiously with renal failure, lactation, pregnancy.
CNS: Headache, dizziness, lethargy, paresthesias GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal pain, flatulence, pseudomembranous
Culture infection before drug therapy. Give drug with meals or food to decrease GI discomfort. Refrigerate suspension after reconstitution, and discard
aureus, S. pyogenes
colitis, liver toxicity
after 14 days.
UTIs caused by E. coli, P. mirabilis, Klebsiella, coagulase-negative staphylococci
GU: Nephrotoxicity
Discontinue drug if hypersensitivity react ion occurs.
Otitis media caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. pyogenes, staphylococci
Hypersensitivity: Ranging from rash to fever to anaphylaxis; serum sickness reaction
Hematologic: Bone marrow depression
ER tablets: Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, secondary infections of acute bronchitis, pharyngitis, and tonsilitis due to S. pyogenes; uncomplicated skin infections
GENERIC NAME: ISOXSUPRINE BRAND NAME: DUVADILAN
Vasodilator
Unlabeled use: Acute uncomplicated UTI in select patients, single 2-g dose Peripheral and cerebral vascular insufficiency with spastic component showing symptoms: dizziness; forgetfulness; confusion; visual, auditory and speech abnormalities; coldness and numbness of limbs; color changes and ischemic ulcers; Raynauds Disease
Other: Superinfections
Hypersensitivity to isoxsuprine or any component of the formulation
Arterial hemorrhage, heart disease, severe anemia Should not be administered
Transient flushing Hypotension
Give patient yogurt or buttermilk in case of diarrhea. Arrange for oral vancomycin for serious colitis that fails to respond to discontinuation of drug.
Assess patients condition before therapy. Assess potential benefits from drug therapy.
Rashes Gastrointestinal disturbances Maternal pulmonary edema
Monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions. Inform patient about the possible side effects, adverse symptoms to report.
Uterine hypermotility disorders: threathened abortion; premature labor; dysmenorrheal
immediately in postpartum and premature labor
Tachycardia Transient palpitations Dizziness
ACETAMINOPHEN
Antipyretic Analgesic (nonopioid)
Analgesic-antipyretic in patients with aspirin allergy, hemostatic disturbances, bleeding diatheses, upper GI disease, gouty arthritis
Contraindicated with allergy to acetaminophen.
Use cautiously with impaired hepatic function, Arthritis and rheumatic chronic disorders involving alcoholism, musculoskeletal pain (but pregnancy, lacks clinically significant lactation. antirheumatic and antiinflammatory effects) Common cold, flu, other viral and bacterial infections with pain and fever Unlabeled use: Prophylactic for children receiving DPT vaccination to reduce incidence of fever and pain
CNS:
Headache
Do not exceed the recommended dosage.
CV: Chest pain, dyspnea, Consult physician if needed myocardial for children < 3 yr; if needed damage when for longer than 10 days; if doses of 5±8 g/day continued fever, severe or are ingested daily recurrent pain occurs for several weeks (possible serious illness). or when doses of 4 g/day are ingested Avoid using multiple for 1 yr preparations containing acetaminophen. Carefully check all OTC products. GI: Hepatic toxicity and failure, jaundice Give drug with food if GI upset occurs. GU: Acute kidney failure, renal Discontinue drug if tubular necrosis hypersensitivity reactions occur. Hematologic: Methemoglobinem Treatment of overdose: ia²cyanosis; Monitor serum levels hemolytic regularly, N -acetylcysteine
anemia² hematuria, anuria; neutropenia, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia
should be available as a specific antidote; basic life support measures may be necessary.
Hypersensitivity: Rash, fever
AZITHROMYCIN
Macrolide antibiotic
Treatment of lower respiratory infections: Acute bacterial exacerbations of COPD due to H. influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae; communityacquired pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae
Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, or any macrolide antibiotic.
CNS: Dizziness, headache, vertigo, somnolence, fatigue
GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, dyspepsia, Use cautiously flatulence, with gonorrhea or vomiting, melena, syphilis, pseudomembranou Treatment of lower pseudomembranou s colitis respiratory infections: s colitis, hepatic or Streptococcal pharyngitis renal impairment, Other: and tonsillitis due to lactation. Superinfections, Streptococcus pyogenes in angioedema, rash, those who cannot take photosensitivity, penicillins vaginitis
Treatment of uncomplicated skin
Culture site of infection before therapy. Administer on an empty stomach 1 hr before or 2±3 hr after meals. Food affects the absorption of this drug. Prepare Zmax by adding 60 mL water to bottle, shake well. Counsel patients being treated for STDs about appropriate precautions and additional therapy.
Instruct patient to take the full course prescribed. Do
infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae
not take with antacids. Tablets and oral suspension can be taken with or without food.
Treatment of nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis due to C. trachomatis; treatment of PID
Prepare Zmax by adding 60 mL (1/4 cup) water to bottle, shake well, drink all at once.
Treatment of otitis media caused by H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae in children > 6 mo
You may experience these side effects: Stomach cramping, discomfort, diarrhea; fatigue, headache (medication may help); additional infections in the mouth or vagina (consult with health care provider for treatment).
Treatment of pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children > 2 yr who cannot use first-line therapy
Report severe or watery diarrhea, severe nausea or vomiting, rash or itching, mouth sores, vaginal sores.
Treatment of acute sinusitis
Prevention and treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in patients with advanced AIDS Treatment of patients with
mild to moderate acute bacterial sinusitis caused by H. influenzae, Moracellis catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Zmax) Treatment of mild to moderate communityacquired pneumonia caused by Chlamydophila pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Zmax) Unlabeled uses: Uncomplicated gonococcal infections caused by N. gonorrhoeae; gonococcal pharyngitis caused by N. gonorrhoeae; chlamydial infections caused by C. trachomatis; prophylaxis after sexual attack
