UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA ISRAEL ISRAEL
MAESTRIA EN SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS INFORMATICOS EDUCATIVOS
MODULO: ARQUITECTURAS TECNOLOGICAS
TEMA: INNOVACIONES INNOVACIONES CURRICULARES CURRICUL ARES MEDIANTE EL USO DE HERRAMIENTAS DE SOFTWARE LIBRE
MAESTRANTE: DIEGO CAIZA GUEVARA
2007-2008
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
OBJETIVO: ADAPTACIÓN DE MICROCURRICULO EDUCATIVO DE UNA ASIGNATURA ASIGNATURA MEDIANTE EL USO DE HERRAMIENTAS HERRAMIENTAS DE SOFTWARE LIBRE 1.- ORGANIZACIÓN CURRICULAR.
La organización curricular no sirve para mejorar la enseñanza aprendizaje, ya que es aquí donde se dan los pasos necesarios para una buena organización y desarrollo de los contenidos de una materia o asignatura. Esta organización curricular no es un esquema rígido que debe ser aplicado en forma general; esta sujeto a una serie de modificaciones, ya que cada institución tiene diferentes necesidades políticas y formas de aplicarlas. El sistema curricular utilizado por las Instituciones Edu Educati cativa vass sean sean esta estass de nive nivell Básic Básico, o, Bac Bachill hiller era ato o Superior tiene décadas de implantación y funcionamiento, que que dio resu esultad ltados os posi posittivos ivos para para el tiem tiempo po que que fue fue diseñado, más para los actuales momentos merecían ser revisados y corregidos. El diseño curricular, fue concebido en función del tipo de estudiantes que ingresaban a los centros de enseñanza del siglo pasado. 1.1
CRISIS
DE
LOS
TRADICIONALES
A. EDUCACIÓN EDUCACIÓN BANCARI BANCARIA A
MODELOS
CURRICULARES
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
1.2 CRISIS DE LOS MODELOS CURRICULARES ACTUALES
D. CONS CONSTRUCTI TRUCTIVIS VISMO MO E. CONCEP CONCEPTUA TUALI LISMO SMO F. COGN COGNIT ITIV IVIS ISMO MO 1.3. MODELOS CURRICULARES MODELO
CARACTERISTICA MAESTRO MAESTRO ALUMN ALUMNO O S
Educación Memorismo Receptor Tradicional Repetición Instructo Pasivo (Enseñanz Individualismo r (bodega) a) Enciclopedismo Modelo
Conductis mo (Enseñanz a) Tecnología Educativa (Enseñanz a Aprendizaj e)
EstímuloRespuesta Condicionamie nto Programación Control Eficientismo Profesionismo Rendimiento Medición
Guía Seguidor Conducto(marioneta) r
Facilitad Aprendiz or (máquina)
METODOLO METODOLO GIA Programa Resultado s Lección Cuantitati va Estimulaci ón Seguimien to Programa ción Objetivos Logros Planes Sumativa
§
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
MODE MO DEL LO CARA CARACT CTER ERIS ISTI TIC C MAESTR ALUMNO METODOLOGI AS O A Constructiv Desarrollo Aprendizaje ismo Intelectual significativo (Aprendizaj Conocimientos Dinamiza Construc Aprendizaje e Experiencias dor tor por Enseñanza) Etapas y (Arquitect descubrimien Edades to o) preconceptos mapas mentales Conceptuali Desarrollo Nociones smo Intelectual MediadorAprendie Conceptos (Aprendizaj Conocimientos nte Categorías e Habilidades (Hermene Mentefactos Enseñanza) Etapas y uta) Edades Cognitivism Desarrollo Operaciones o Intelectual Asesor Aprendie mentales (Aprendizaj Procesos nte Inteligencias e Habilidades (Procesad múltiples Enseñanza) Conocimientos Escuelas or) cognitivas (socio-critica sociocognitiva)
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
PLAN DE UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 1 DATOS INFORMATIVOS: AÑOS LECTIVOS: del 2003 al 2004 AÑO DE EDUCACIÓN: 1RO BACHILLERATO ASIGNATURA :INFORMÁTICA :INFORMÁTICA NOMBRE DEL PROFESOR: HORAS. TIEMPO DE DURACION: 30 HORAS. DESTREZAS Identificar las aplicaciones de los procesos informáticos en la vida diaria. Desarrollar métodos de comunicación y expresión de las ideas propias y respeto a los demás. Investigación elemental para la obtención de información de diversas fuentes.
TITULO DE LA UNIDAD: LAS COMPUTADORAS Y SU UTILIDAD EN LA VIDA COTIDIANA OBJETIVO TERMINAL: El alumno estará en la capacidad capacidad de desarrollar desarrollar concepto conceptoss y métodos de comunicación utilizando correctamente los medios de difusión. EJES TRANSVERSALES RESPONSABILIDAD, AMABILIDAD Y URBANIDAD
CONTENIDOS
ESTRATEGIAS METODOLOGICAS INTRODUCCION Presentación de la A LA CIENCIA DE importancia de la LA INFORMATICA información IMPORTANCIA Dramatización de DATOS DE la importancia de INFORMACION la información TIPOS DE Demostración de INFORMATION los procesos y atributos de la ATRIBUTOS DE información LA Torbellino Torbellino de ideas INFORMATION sobre lo que se CODIFICACION conoce de la DE LA informática. INFORMATION Debate importancia del computador en la •
•
•
•
•
RECURSOS •
• • • • • •
•
• • • •
Dinámicas grupales Videos Computador Impresoras Diskett Monitor Discos duros y flexibles Revistas, Periódicos Acetatos Retroproyector Carteles Elementos propios del aula
EVALUACION. •
•
Pruebas objetivas definidas en el área. Listas de control.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Manejar adecuadamente los procesos de información Identificar las diferencias de los periféricos partiendo de su clasificación Manipular correctamente los periféricos de entrada y salida de un computador. Justificar la aplicación las normas de seguridad partiendo de un razonamiento lógico. Construcción de modelos y replicas.
•
•
•
•
vida humana. Investigación Bibliográfica historia de las computadoras hasta la actualidad. Investigación de laboratorio con los equipos existentes Investigación de campo antiguas y nuevas tecnologías de periféricos. Estudio programado de los elementos constitutivos de los equipos computarizados.
• •
•
Marcadores Pizarra de tiza liquida Salidas Programadas.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
PLAN DE UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 2 DATOS INFORMATIVOS: AÑOS LECTIVOS: del 2003 al 2004 AÑO DE EDUCACIÓN: 1RO BACHILLERATO ASIGNATURA :INFORMÁTICA :INFORMÁTICA NOMBRE DEL PROFESOR: HORAS. TIEMPO DE DURACION: 30 HORAS.
DESTREZAS •
•
•
Identificar los elementos y conceptos del inicio de los computadores. Reconocer la importancia del uso de computadores en la desarrollo de la vida humana Investigación elemental para la obtención de información de diversas fuentes.
TITULO DE LA UNIDAD: MANTENGA VIVO SU COMPUTADOR. alumnos tendrán tendrán la OBJETIVO TERMINAL: los alumnos capa capaci cida dad d de acue acuerrdo a los cono conoci cimi mien ento toss adquir adquirido idoss de utiliz utilizar ar,, repa reparar rar,, y mejora mejorarr el el rendimiento rendimiento de todos los elementos elementos constitutivos constitutivos y periféricos del computador. computador. EJES TRANSVERSALES RESPONSABILIDAD, AMABILIDAD Y URBANIDAD
CONTENIDOS
•
•
ESTRATEGIAS METODOLOGICAS GENERALIDADES Exposición DEL sistemática de los COMPUTADOR diversos tipos de computadoras y IMPORTANCIA EN periféricos LA VIDA Phillips 66 para la HUMANA. formación de UNIDADES DE grupos para y para ENTRADA : exposiciones o TECLADOS Investigación de o DISQUETER AS campo los o OTROS periféricos mas utilizados y sus DE SALIDA : más comunes o IMPRESORA fallas. o PANTALLA Investigación de o OTROS •
•
•
•
•
•
RECURSOS •
• • • • • • • • • • •
Dinámicas grupales Videos Computador Impresoras Teclados Diketeras Discos Duros Mouse Diskett Cintas Magnéticas Monitor Revistas, Periódicos
EVALUACION. •
• • •
Pruebas objetivas de acuerdo a los temas expuestos. Listas de control. Escalas de valores. Instrumentos definidos en el área
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Manejar adecuadamente los elementos internos de los periféricos de entrada – salida Manejar adecuadamente los elementos externos de los periféricos de entrada-/salida Identificar las diferencias de los periféricos partiendo de su clasificación Justificar la aplicación las normas de seguridad partiendo de un razonamiento lógico. Construcción de modelos y replicas. Formular y resolver pequeños problemas eléctricos y mecánicos de los distintos periféricos. Aplicar
•
•
•
•
DE ENTRADA/ SALIDA MEMORIAS AUXILIARES o DISCO o CINTAS o OTROS SISTEMA OPERTIVO OFIMATICA
•
•
laboratorio ensamblaje y mantenimiento de cada uno de los periféricos. Investigación bibliográfica sobre las características principales, modelos y adelantos de c/u de los periféricos. Estudio independiente.
• • • •
• •
• • • • •
Acetatos Retroproyector Carteles Elementos propios del aula Marcadores Pizarra de tiza liquida Folletos. Hojas de resumen. Salidas de campo. Hardware Software.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
•
adecuadamente los conocimientos teórico prácticos en situaciones de la vida diaria. Desarrollar la habilidad manual para el manejo de los distintos periféricos
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
PLAN DE UNIDAD DIDACTICA No. 3 DATOS INFORMATIVOS: AÑOS LECTIVOS: del 2003 al 2004 AÑO DE EDUCACIÓN: 1RO BACHILLERATO ASIGNATURA :INFORMÁTICA :INFORMÁTICA NOMBRE DEL PROFESOR: HORAS. TIEMPO DE DURACION: 30 HORAS.
DESTREZAS •
•
•
Distinguir procesos matemáticos, aritméticos y lógicos. Realizar cálculos mentales de operaciones matemáticas con precisión y rapidez. Identificar los distintos tipos de sistemas de
CONTENIDOS •
•
• • •
REPRESENTACIO N INTERNA DE DATOS SISTEMAS DE NUMERACION CONVERSIONES OPERACIONES TIPOS DE DATOS o ALFANUMERIC O o NUMERCO o ENTERO o PUNTO FLOTANTE
TITULO DE LA UNIDAD: LAS MATEMATICAS MATEMATICAS COMO BASE DEL FUNCIONAMIENTO DEL COMPUTADOR. OBJETIVO TERMINAL: El alumno estará en la capaci capacidad dad de realiz realizar ar transf transform ormaci acione oness de unidades de los distintos sistemas de numeración utilizando regla de tres y el método de la galera para comprender comprender mejor la forma de trabajo trabajo del computador EJES TRANSVERSALES RESPONSABILID RESPONSABILIDAD, AD, AMABILIDAD AMABILIDAD,, URBANIDAD, URBANIDAD, DESARROLLO DEL PENSAMIENTO
ESTRATEGIAS METODOLOGICAS Exposición sistemática de los distintos sistemas de numeración. Demostración de procesos de transformación de unidades. Diálogos simultáneos para la resolución de ejercicios. Investigación
•
•
•
•
RECURSOS • • •
• •
• •
Calculadora Carteles Elementos propios del aula Marcadores Pizarra de tiza liquida Folletos. Hojas de resumen.
EVALUACION. •
• • •
•
Pruebas objetivas de acuerdo a los temas expuestos. Listas de control. Escalas de valores. Instrumentos definidos en el área. Deberes, Ejercicios resueltos en clase.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
•
•
numeración utilizados en los lenguajes informáticos. Manejar adecuadamente las unidades convencionales de la información con sus múltiplos y submúltiplos. Crear una metodología para la resolución de problemas con transformación de unidades.
•
bibliográfica de los diversos tipos de datos. Características y usos. Estudio Independiente.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
2. NUEV NU EVA A PROPUE P ROPUEST STA A CURRICULAR CURRICU LAR
De lo citado anteriormente nos damos cuenta que se necesita de una reforma como la que actualmente se esta poniendo en práctica, para así evitar las ya sabidas deserciones estudiantiles. Para la elaboración de los programas es necesario tener en clar claro o todos los pasos, procedimientos, instrumentos y materiales que se necesitan en la EDUCACION DE L SIGLO XXI La finalidad de la educación y la cultura ha de ser el desarrollo centrado en el ser humano, mediante una formación profesional (que concilie la preparación para los empleos existentes y la capacidad de adaptación a empleos inimaginables) y el aprendizaje de idiomas para el intercambio de conocimientos en esta aldea global. Para esto se recomienda currículos que provean del instrumental necesario para domin dominar ar las nueva nuevass tecnol tecnolog ogías ías de las inform informació ación n (TIC`s) (TIC`s) para para resolver los conflictos sociales.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
“VIVIMOS “VIVI MOS TIEMPO TI EMPOS S NUEVOS. EL MUNDO QUE QUE CONOCIERON CONOC IERON NUESTRO NUEST ROS S PADRES PADRES YA NO EXISTE. EXIS TE. TODO HA CAMBI C AMBIA ADO Y CONTINUARÁ CAMBIANDO. TAMBIÉN NOSOTROS TENEMOS QUE CAMBIAR, CAMB IAR, TRANSFORMAR TRANSFO RMAR MANERAS MANER AS DE PENSAR PENS AR Y ACTU A CTUAR Y PREPARARNOS PREPARARNOS PARA UN MUNDO DISTINTO” (Chamalú)
JUSTIFICATIVOS • • • • •
Cambios socioculturales: acelerados profundos y expansivos Procesos de urbanización y globalización Mentalidad postmoder postmode rna Posiciones reduccionistas Desplazamiento de la formación de la persona
3. ANALISIS ANA LISIS DE LA L A HERRAMI HER RAMIENT ENTA A UTILIZAR
3.1 GNU/LINUX Desde 1984, 1984, Richard Stallman y voluntarios están intentando crear un
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
por haber creado las aplicaciones de sistema imprescindibles para ser un sistema operativo compatible con UNIX.
3.2 OpenOffice Es una suite ofimática de software libre y código abierto que incluye herram herramie ienta ntass como como proc proces esad ador or de text textos os,, hoja de cálculo, presentaciones, herramientas para el dibujo vectorial y base de datos. datos. Está disponible para muchas y diversas plataformas, plataformas, como Microsoft
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
OpenOffice.org está basado en la base del código de StarOffice, StarOffice, una suite suite ofimát ofimática desarro desarrollada llada por StarDivision y adqu adquir irid ida a por por Sun Microsystems en agosto de 1999, 1999, que todavía existe. El código fuente de la suite fue liberado en julio de 2000, con la intención de hacer frente al dominio en el mercado de Microsoft Office proporcionando una alternativa abierta, de bajo costo y alta calidad. El código fuente de la aplicación está disponible bajo la licencia LGPL. LGPL. Las versiones más recientes de StarOffice están basadas en el código base de OpenOffice.org; de forma similar a la relación existente entre Netscape Navigator y Mozilla. Mozilla. El proyecto y el programa son denominados "OpenOffice" de forma informal, pero los organizadores del proyecto dicen que este término es una marca registrada en posesión de otra empresa, obligándoles a adoptar "OpenOffice.or "OpenOffi ce.org" g" como nombre formal, fo rmal, y abreviado abreviado como OOo. Exis Existe te una una vers versió ión n portátil de Ope OpenOff nOffic ice. e.or org g que puede uede ser ser
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
3.2.1 OpenOffice.org Writer 2.0 editando un documento d ocumento en SUSE •
Writer, Writer, un procesad procesador or de texto texto con capacida capacidades des para editar HTML. HTML.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Base es capaz de trabajar como un front-end para diversos sistemas de bases de datos tales como el de Access (JET), fuente de datos ODBC y MySQL/PostgreSQL. Base está disponible desde la versión 2.0 •
Math editor para fórmulas fó rmulas matemáti mate máticas, cas,
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
3.2.2 Diccionarios Diccionar ios ortográficos ortográficos
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Se cuenta con diccionarios de palabras para corrección corrección ortográfica, de separación silábica, y de sinónimos. PDF y Flash
A partir de la versión 1.1 se permite la exportación de documentos a PDF y presentaciones de Impress a Macromedia Flash (SWF). SWF).
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Calc puede aceptar una instrucción en línea de comando, o bien operar en modo interactivo. En este último, lee los comandos, los procesa, y luego muestra las respuestas. En el caso más simple, los comandos son simple simpleme mente nte las expr expresio esione ness a eval evaluar. uar. Por ejem ejemplo, plo, la sigui siguie ente entrada: 3*(4 3*(4+1)
devol devolve verá: rá: 15
Cal Calc. es espec especia iallment mente e inte interresan esante te para para trab trabaj ajar ar con con núme númerros grandes: 3*19^43-1 producirá:
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
3.2.4. MathWar 0.1.1 MathWar es un nuevo juego tipo concurso de matemáticas, con una dificultad añadida: Una operación matemática se muestra al jugador, tal como 17+4 o 5*7, y un reloj cuenta el tiempo mientras el jugador está pensando. Pasado un tiempo (configurable) el ordenador propone una solución. El jugador entonces tiene que decir si la respuesta del ordenador es correcta. Hay un cierto 'error al azar' agregado a la respuesta del ordenador, por lo que no siempre es correcta. El jugador obtiene puntos al adivinar la respuesta correcta, o cuando responde correctamente sobre la respuesta del ordenador. ordenador.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
4. PROPUESTA DEL USO DE LAS HERRAMIENTAS DE SOFWARE LIBRE CON LA ASIGNATURA EN EL NUEVO CURICULO NUEVA PROPUESTA CURRICULAR PROGRAMA DE ESTUDIO ESTUDIO 1. DATOS DATOS INFORMATIVOS INFORMATIVOS AREA: Actividades prácticas
CARGA HORARIA:
ASIGNATURA: Computación
TOTAL TOTAL DE HORAS HORAS LABORABLES: LAB ORABLES: 60
CURSO: Octavo
2 horas
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
3. OBJETI OBJETIV VOS 3.1.General - Manejar un computador computador con seguridad, concretizando su valor operativo y físico
3.2.Específicos - Identificar y tener las medidas y normas de seguridad para el uso de un computador -
Utilizar y explotar las bondades de los sistemas operativos operativos LINUX/ Windows. Windows. Para despertar en el joven el sentido de organización mediante el tratamiento de información.
-
Manejar el concepto y el software para comprimir información Win zip, Rar
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
CONTENIDOS DE APRENDIZAJE
ESTRATEGIAS METODOLOGICAS
RECURSOS DIDACTICOS
CRITERIOS DE EVALUACION
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
CONTENIDOS DE APRENDIZAJE
ESTRATEGIAS METODOLOGICAS
RECURSOS DIDACTICOS
CRITERIOS CRITERIO S DE EVALUACION EVALUACION
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.
Trusted by over 1 million members
Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial Cancel Anytime.