Ministerul Educației al Republicii Moldova Constantin Draguțan
Elementary English as the 2nd Language for the 10th form Lyceum pupils
Chișinău 2017
Lesson One The English Alphabet A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [dзi:] H h [eit∫] I i [ai]
J j [dзei] K k [kei] L l [el] M m [em] N n [en] O o [ou] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [a:]
S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w ['dΛbl ju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai] Z z [zed]
Reading Rules Vowel Letters Open Syllable
Closed Syllable
A a [ei] name, take, face [neim],[teik],[feis]
A a [æ] hat, bag, cat [hæt],[bæg],[kæt]
E e [i:] me, Lena, he [mi:],[li:nə],[hi:]
E e [e] pen, red, nest [pen],[red],[nest]
I i [ai] time, five, nice [taim],[faiv],[nais]
I i [i] sit, big, fist [sit],[big],[fist]
O o [ou] go, bone, home [gou],[boun],[houm]
O o [o] dog, hot, box [dog],[hot],[boks]
U u [ju:] student, tube, music
U u [Λ] plus, cup, must 2
['stju:dent],[tju:b],['mju:zik] U u [u:] blue, true, rule [blu:],[tru:],[ru:l] Y y [ai] my, type, fly [mai],[taip],[flai]
[plΛs],[kΛp],[mΛst]
Y y [i] family, History, Physics ['fæmili],['histori],['fiziks]
Y y [j] yes, yellow, you [jes],['jelou],[ju:] Consonant Letters : B b [b] C c [s] place, pencil [k] cap, cry [∫] ocean D d [d] F f [f] Gg[dз]page, George [g] bag, leg. H h [h] hat, his J j [dз] K k [k] L l [l] M m [m]
N n [n] P p [p] Qq[kw]queen, quickly R r [r] S s [s] stone, smell [z] nose, trees T t [t] V v [v] W w [w] X x [ks] box, six [gz]exam,example [z] xerox Z z [z] Training Exercise 1
Write the transcription of the following words:
Same, plate, made, take, cave, lake, sand, bad, can, sat, hand, lamp, we, meet, deep, need, peel, green, Eve, ten, desk, text, smell, lesson, nine, mice, like, kite, smile, lime, lip, little, king, pin, wind, milk, smoke, close, open, note, bone, old, fox, bottle, stop, lot, job, top, pond, use, huge, June, union, duty, bugle, nut, pulse, up, sun, dust, run, dry, sky, cry, body, buy, yet, you, policy.
3
Grammar: The Indefinite Articles: a, an (un, o, una) Examples: a pen, a cat, a student, a clock, an apple, an orange, an exercise The Demonstrative Pronouns: this [ðis] – acesta, aceasta that [ðæt] – acela, aceia The Personal Pronouns Singular
Plural
I [ai] - eu We [wi:] - noi You [ju:] - tu, dumneavoastră You [ju:] - voi He [hi:] - el They [ðei] – ei, ele She [∫i:] – ea It [it] - el, ea (obiecte şi animale) The verb “to be” in the Present Indefinite Tense (verbul “a fi”) am [æm] are [a:] is [iz] Affirmative I am a student You are a student He is a student She is a student
We are students You are students They are students
4
Negative I am not a doctor You are not a doctor He is not a doctor She is not a doctor
We are not doctors You are not doctors They are not doctors Interrogative
Am I a teacher? Yes, you are No, you are not. (aren’t) Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Is he a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he is not. (isn’t) Is she a teacher? Yes she is. No, she isn’t. Are we teachers? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they teachers? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. The Adjectives nice [nais] – frumos, yellow ['jelou] – galben, black [blæk] – negru A Simple Sentence This is a table. That is an apple. This is not a pen. That isn’t a lamp. My name is Tom. His name is Sam. Vocabulary apple – măr bad – rău a bed – pat a cat – pisică, mâţă a desk – bancă a hat – pălărie
his – a lui a student – student a lamp – lampă a map – hartă my – a mea, al meu a pen – toc, stilou
5
a pencil – creion a table – masă a tie - cravată red – roșu a pupil - elev
Text One This is an apple. It is red. That is a cat . It is black. This is my lamp. That is his map. It is nice. My pen is red. His pencil is yellow. My name is Fred. His name is Sam. I am a student. He is a pupil. This is my tie. My tie is red. That is his hat. His hat is black. This is my bed. My bed is not bad. It is nice. Is this a lamp? Yes, it is. Is it black? No, it isn’t. It’s yellow. Is that a desk? No, it isn’t. It’s a table. Is the table red? No, it isn’t. The table is yellow. It is nice. Training Exercise 2 Translate into English: 1. Aceasta este o pisică neagră. 2. Aceia este harta mea. 3. Mărul acesta este rău. 4. Banca aceia este galbenă. 5. Cravata lui este frumoasă. 6. Numele meu este Ted. 7. Eu sânt student. 8. El este elev. Extra Vocabulary a pig – un porc a tree – un copac a dog – un cîine a horse – un cal a house – o casă to like – a plăcea white – alb big – mare a room – odaie
a book – o carte a shirt – o cămașă five – cinci a chair – un scaun a door – o ușă a wall –un perete a yard – o curte a fruit – un fruct too – deasemenea
6
a flower – o floare a leaf – o frunză can - poate to see – a vedea a window – o fereastră a flat – un apartament a doctor – un medic a lot of – multe
Training Exercise 3 Read and translate into Romanian: I have a pen. It is a blue pen. I see a map. It is big. I can see a tree. The tree has a lot of leaves. I like the tree. It is a big tree. I can see a house. It is my house. My house has a lot of windows and a door. I like houses with many windows. A house has walls, rooms, doors and windows. A flat has walls, rooms, doors and windows, too. I can see a table with five chairs. I can see a fruit on the table. The doctor has a white shirt. The house has a big yard. I can see pigs, dogs and horses in the yard. Extra Grammar The Definite Article (the) Singular the mother – mama the father – tatăl the glass – păharul
Plural the mothers – mamele the fathers – tații the glasses – paharele
A dog and a cat are animals. The dog has black fur and the cat has brown fur. The man who wrote this book is famous. The sun is on the sky. The highest mountain is the Himalayas. We can see the moon at night. The English are our friends. No Definite Article France is an important cultural country. But: I’m visiting the United States next week. English has many Latin words. Breakfast is the first meal of the day. Mary will come to the party. Prince Charles is Queen’s Elisabeth’s son. She lives in London
7
Training Exercise 4 Complete the blanks with a/an or the: I have … pen. …. pen is blue. Mary is eating … orange. … is good. That is … house. … house is big. John writes a book. … book is interesting. I can see … elephant. … elephant is clever. He saw … accident. … the accident was terrible. Fred is sitting on a chair. … chair is comfortable. Training Exercise 5 Complete the blanks with necessary words: We … a house. … house is big. … is … map of Moldova. The book is on … table. I see a table … five chairs. The … has a big yard. The doctor has a white … . They ... see pigs and horses in the yard. I see a … tree. My house has … windows and a door. I have … dog. Training Exercise 6 Translate into English: Eu văd o casă. Ea este o casă mare. Ea este casa mea. Casa mea are multe ferestre. Îmi place casa mea. Odaia mea are pereți albi și o hartă. Casa mea are o curte mare. Eu văd un câine și un cal în curte. Mie îmi place câinele. Eu văd o masă. Masa are cinci scaune. Eu văd fructe pe masă. Eu văd un copac. El este un copac mare. Copacul are multe frunze. Îmi place copacul. Eu văd un apartament. El este un apartament mare. El este apartamentul meu. El are mulți pereți, uși și ferestre.
8
Communication Practice Introductions Exercise 1 Read and listen: A. Hello. My name’s Marco.What’s your name? B. Emma. A. Where are you from Emma? B. I’m from London Exercise 2 Write the conversation: A. Hello. My ... Lisa. What’s ... name? B. Mike. A. .... are you from Mike? B. ... from Boston. Where ... you from? A. ... ... Boston, too. Exercise 3 Complete the sentences with am, is, are his, her or your: 1. My name ... Emma. 2. Where ... you from? 3. I ... from Moldova. 4. What’s ... name? My name’s Daniela. 5. Lisa and Mike ... from Boston. 6. This ... my teacher. ... name’s Richard. 7. Where ... he from? 8. This is my sister. ... name’s Mary.
9
Exercise 4 Read about Svetlana: My name’s Svetlana Marin and I’m a teacher. I’m 30. I’m married and I have two children. I live in a flat in Chișinău. I want to learn English for my job. Exercise 5 Complete the text about Stanislav: My name is Stanislav Polianschi and I’m a student. I ... 18. I’m not married. I have one ... and two brothers. I ... in a house in Gdansk, Poland. I ... to learn English because it’s an international ... . Exercise 6 Write about you. Then read it to the class. Exercise 7 Read and translate the Introductions below: A. What’s your name? B. My name’s Andrew. I’m from Brighton in England, but now I live in London I’m 28 years old. I love travelling. C. Good morning Mr. Martin. My name’s Charles. I am 27 years old. I adore horses. I love classical music and I like sports. D. Hi. My name’s William but my friends call me Bill. I’m 27 and I am from Florence, in Italy but now I live in London and I love it. I like sports, especially surfing. E. Hi, my name is Gemma. I am from Berkeley, in California. I want to be an actress. I love music and the cinema, too. And I also love dancing.
10
Lesson Two Reading Rules : oo [u] – book, classroom, good oo [u:] – too, spoon, cool ea [i:] – meat, treaty, speak ee [i:] – tree, green, see ew [ju:] – new, few, stew ou [au] – sound, ground, spouse ow [au] – now, town, down oa [ou] – coat, boat, soap ow [ou] – window, snow, yellow o+ld [ou] – cold, sold, hold a+ss [a:s] – pass, class, grass a+st [a:st] – past, fast, last a+th [a:θ] – bath, path th [θ] – thin, three, maths th [ð] – this, that, they ve [v] – five, twelve, give wh [w] – what, when, why wh [h] – who, whole, whose wr [r] – wrong, write, wrinkle ar [a:] – car, park, farm Training Exercise 1 Write the transcription of the following words:
Cave, slave, made, fan, land, sad, black, team, seal, creep, dean, seed, good, look, moon, food, loose, spoon, nook, few, stew, mew, tube, mule, brown, down, clown, snow, pillow, mellow, cold, gold, hold, soap, toad, toast, mask, fast, glass, past, grass, star, bar, army, window, house, loud, have, give, live, myth, thin, three, this, that, those, them, write, wrong, white, what, when, why, who, whose, whole.
11
Grammar: 1. The Definite Article the [ðə] - the pen, the book (tocul, cartea) the [ði] – the apple, the exercise (mărul, exerciţiul) 2. Interrogative Sentences Is the desk black? Yes, it is. Is the coat green? No, it isn’t. Is Ben a student? Yes, he is. Is Ann a pupil? No, she, isn’t. Vocabulary and – şi a book – carte a car – automobil a classroom – sală de clasă to close – a închide easy – uşor to give – a da green – verde good – bun, bună him – lui to be – a fi to be ill – a fi bolnav to be late – a întârzia in – în me – mie
no – nu a notebook – caiet old – vechi, bătrân to open - a deschide please – te rog to read – a citi a room – odaie, cameră to take – a lua a text – text a textbook – manual thick – gros thin – subţire too – deasemenea white – alb yellow – galben
Text Two I am Dan Butnaru. I’m a student. I’m in the classroom. This is my desk. This is my textbook and that is my notebook. My textbook is thick and my notebook is thin. 12
That is Tudor Spătaru. Tudor is a student, too. He is a good student. That is his desk. This is his textbook and that is his notebook. His textbook is thick and his notebook is thin. Angela Munteanu is not in the classroom. She isn’t late. She is ill. Training Exercise 2 Answer the questions: 1. Is Dan a student? 2. Is this his desk? 3. Is that his notebook? 4. Is that his textbook? 5. Is his textbook thin? 6. Is that Tudor Spătaru? 7. Is he a bad student? 8. Is Angela in the classroom? 9. Is she ill? Dialogue Practice Vocabulary (Dialogue) Hello! – salut! what? – ce? who? – cine? a doctor – medic an engineer – inginer a teacher – profesor, învăţător Mister, Mr. – domnul Misis, Mrs. - doamna Dialogue 1 P1: Hello ! P2: Hello ! P1: Who are you? P2: I am Mary. Who are you? P1: I am Peter. P2: Who is he? P1: He is Mr.Prodan. P2: Who is she? P1: She is Mrs.Prodan. Dialogue 2 P1: What are you? P2: I am a doctor. 13
P1: What is he? P2: He is an engineer. P1: What is she? P2: She is a teacher. Training Exercise 3 Complete the blanks with the missing words: 1. I … Mary. 2. He … Tim Green. 3. Who … you? 4. … is he? … is Mr.Brown. 5. … are you? I … a doctor. 6. What … she? She … an engineer. 7. … is this? … is my textbook. Training Exercise 4 Translate into English: 1. Eu sunt în clasă. 2. Acela este caietul meu. 3. Manualul meu este gros. 4. Aceia este banca lui. 5. Ana nu este în clasă. 6.Tim este bolnav. 7. Cine eşti? Sânt Maria. 8. Ce este el? El este un medic. 9. Cine este el? El este d-l Brown. 10. Ce este d-na Brown? Ea este profesoară. Extra Vocabulary a girl – o fată a boy – un băiat a ball – o minge five books – cinci cărți a notebook – un caiet a teacher – un profesor a family – o familie I am – eu sunt this is – aceasta este to write – a scrie with – cu there are – sunt, există
book – carte on – pe my – a mea, al meu to fly – a zbura to wash – a spăla to equal – a fi egal to talk – a vorbi to try – a se strădui to equal – a fi egal cu to do – a face to sing - a cânta to say – a spune
14
Exercise 5 Read and translate into Romanian: I see a school. I am a girl. Fred is a boy. This is a ball. This is a tree. I write with a pen. There are five books on my table. This is my house. This is a notebook. This is my bed. I am a teacher. This is my family. Extra Grammar The Adjective cute cat – pisică drăguță new hat – pălărie nouă The Present Simple (Indefinite) Tense I see my sister playing in the garden Tom washes his face every morning. Two plus two equals four. She flies to Paris tomorrow. She sings. The Verbs “to say” and “to do” I say I do She presses.
He says He does
She says She does
She reaches.
I go to school every day.
She buzzes.
She applies.
He goes to school every day.
The Verbs “to talk” and “to try” Affirmative I talk You talk He talks She talks It talks
I try You try He tries She tries It tries
We talk You talk They talk
We try You try They try Negative
I don’t talk You don’t talk He doesn’t talk She doesn’t talk It doesn’t talk
I don’t try You don’t try He doesn’t try She doesn’t try It doesn’t try
We don’t talk You don’t talk They don’t talk
We don’t try You don’t try They don’t try Interrogative
Do I talk? Dou you talk? Does he talk? Does she talk? Does it talk?
Do I try? Yes, I do. No, I don’t Do you try? Yes, you do. No, you don’t Does he try Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t Does she try? Yes she does. No, she doesn’t Does it try? Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t
Do we talk? Do you talk? Do they talk?
Do we try? Do you try? Do they try?
Yes, we do. No, we don’t Yes you do. No, you don’t Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
Special Questions with “what” What do you have in your hand? – I have an apple. What do you see? – I see a family. What is she? – She is a teacher. What is there on the table? – There is a book on the table. Training Exercise 6 Translate into English:
1. Eu sunt profesor. 2. Pe mine mă chiamă John. 3. El este un băiat mare. 4. Ea este o fată drăguță. 5. Aceasta este casa mea. 6. Acesta este patul meu. 7. Aceasta este mama mea. 8. Acestea sunt cărțile mele. 9. Aceasta este fereastra mea. 10. Acesta este câinele meu. 11. Aceasta este familia mea. 12. Aceasta este profesoara mea. 13. Ce este pe pat? 14. Văd un măr pe masă. 15 Ea nu poate să vină cu noi. 16. Ken se spală pe dinți în fiecare dimineață.
Communication Practice Meeting People Exercise 1 (Information about Lisa) Read, translate and reproduce: What’s her surname? – Jefferson. What’s her first name? – Lisa. Where’s she from? – The USA. What’s her job? – She’s a journalist. What’s her address? – 89, Franklin Street, Cambridge, Boston What’s her phone number? – 326. 1204 How old is she? – Twenty six. Is she married? – No, she isn’t. Exercise 2 Write a dialogue on the topic: “Information About You” Exercise 3 Read the text about Patrick’s Family: This is a photo of Patrick, his wife and his children. His wife’s name is Brenda. She is a teacher. His daughter’s name is Lara. She’s twenty one and she’s a nurse. His son’s name is Benny. He’s nineteen and he’s a student. Lara’s boyfriend is a nurse, too. His name is Nick.
Exercise 4 Write a description of Your Family’s photograph.
Lesson 3 Reading Rules er [ə] – sister, father on [an] – son, done, tonne oth [að] – mother, brother, another ore [o:] – more, before, store oor [o:] – door, floor all [o:l] – tall, small, ball alk [o:k] – talk, chalk, walk wa [wo] – was, want, water sh [∫] – fish, shelf, bush ch [t∫] – chess, bench, watch ture [t∫ə] – picture, mixture, literature Training Exercise 1 Read and write the transcription of the following words: Bore, score, sore, door, floor, son, done, tonne, gone, mother, brother, another, ball, tall, small, talk, chalk, walk, want, was, wash, water, bush, fish, trash, shelf, chess, bench, watch, match, picture, fixture, literature. Grammar: I. The Plural of Nouns 1. The Regular form: Singular - Plural a) a book – books [s] b)a map - maps [s]
a) a pen – pens [z] b) a dog – dogs [z] c) a tree – trees [z] a) a bus – buses [iz] b) a dress – dresses [iz] c) a bench – benches [iz] d) a watch – watches [iz] e) a brush – brushes [iz] f) a box – boxes [iz] a) a factory - factories [z] b) a family – families [z] c) a day – days [z] a) a shelf – shelves [z] b) a knife – knives [z] 2. The Irregular Form: a) a man - men b) a woman – women c) a child – children d) an ox – oxen e)a foot - feet f) a goose – geese h) a tooth - teeth g) a louse – lice i) a mouse - mice
Training Exercise 2 Write the plural of the following nouns: a bed, a classroom, a friend, a name, a pencil, a table, a book, a cat, a desk, a diplomat, a hat, a map, a student, a day, a pie, a tie, a factory, a picture, a teacher, a shelf, a child, a woman, a man, a spoon.
II. The Plural of Demonstrative Pronouns this – these [ði:z] acestea that – those [ðouz] acelea e.g: These are balls. Those are pictures. Training Exercise 3 Read and translate the following sentences: 1. These are notebooks. These are thin notebooks. They are thin. 2. Those are cups. Those are blue cups. They are blue. 3. These are apples. These are green apples. They are green. 4. Those are pictures. Those are good pictures. They are good. 5. These are shelves. These are brown shelves. They are brown. 6. Those are coats. Those are grey coats. They are grey. Training Exercise 4 Put the following sentences in the plural: 1. This is a child. 2. That is a black dog. 3. This is a green book. 4. That is a blue coat. 5. That classroom is large. 6. This desk is brown. III. Special Questions What ? - Ce? Who ? - Cine?, What colour ? - De ce culoare? What is his name ? – Cum îl cheamă?
What time is it? – Cât e ceasul? How old? – Câţi ani? , Where? – Unde? What kind of ... – Ce fel de ? Why? – De ce?
Training Exercise 5 Put questions to the underlined words: 1. The plates are white. 2. These are glasses. 3. She is a teacher. 4. His name is Ted. 5. It’s 5 o’clock. 6. Olga is nine. IV. Cardinal Numerals 1 – one [wΛn] 2 – two [tu:] 3 – three [θri:] 4 – four [fo:] 5 – five [faiv] 6 – six [siks]
7 – seven ['sevən] 8 – eight [eit] 9 – nine [nain] 10 – ten [ten] 11 – eleven [i'levən] 12 – twelve [twelve] A Poem
One, two buckle my shoe. Three, four shut the door. Five, six pick up sticks. Seven, eight lay them straight. Vocabulary absent – absent to be absent – a lipsi a blackboard – tablă blue – albastru brown – cafeniu a child – copil children – copii colour – culoare a cup – ceaşcă, cupă dark – întunecat
dark blue – albastru întunecat dark brown – cafeniu întunecat a factory – fabrică a fork – furculiţă a glass – păhar grey – sur a knife – cuţit large – larg, mare late – târziu
to be late – a întârzia a man – bărbat men – bărbaţi a match – chibrit, meci new – nou o’clock – oră, ceas on – pe a page – pagină a picture – tablou a plate – farfurie she – ea a shelf – poliţă, raft to show – a arăta
a son – fecior a spoon – lingură teacher – profesor, învăţător they – ei time – timp a wall – perete a woman – femeie women – femei you – tu, dumneata, Dvs, voi your – al tău, al vostru, al Dvs Text Three My Son
My son is a pupil. His name is Victor. This is his classroom. It is large. The walls are grey. Those are pictures. They are on the walls. These are desks. The desks are brown. This is his desk. These are his notebooks and textbooks. They are on the desk. The textbooks are new. These are shelves. They are brown and yellow. That is a blackboard. It is green. It is nine o’clock. Victor and his friends are in the classroom. His friends are pupils, too. Cornel is absent today. He is ill. Ann is not in the classroom. She is not ill. She is late. The teacher is in the classroom. What time is it? It is 9 o’clock. Is Cornel absent today? Yes, he is. He is ill. Is Ann ill, too? No, she isn’t. She is late. What are those? Those are shelves. What colour are they? They are brown and yellow. Are you a pupil? Yes, I am. What are you? I am a pupil. We are pupils. Are Victor and his friends pupils, too? Yes, they are. Are they in the classroom? Yes, they are. Victor, show me the new textbook, please. Open it at page 10. Read text 3 please.
Training Exercise 6 Answer the questions: 1. Is Victor a teacher? 2. What is he? 3. Is his classroom large? 4. What colour are the walls? 5. Are the pictures on the walls? 6. Are his notebooks and textbooks on his desk? 7. Are his textbooks new? 8. What colour are the shelves? 9. What colour is the blackboard? 10. What time is it? 11. Is Cornel absent? 12. Is he ill? 13. Is Ann ill, too? 14. Is the teacher in the classroom? Training Exercise 7 Write a short story: a) About Victor b) About you c) About your classroom Training Exercise 8 Translate into English: 1. Numele meu este Mihai Ciobanu. 2. Eu sunt elev. 3. Acesta este prietenul meu Victor Ionaşcu. El este elev deasemenea. Noi suntem în clasă. 4. Care este numele lui ? Numele lui este Andrei Toma. Ce este el ? El este profesor. 5. De care culoare sunt poliţele ? Ele sunt cafenii. 6. Sunt prietenii lui elevi deasemenea ? Da, ei sunt. 7. Câţi ani are feciorul Dvs ? El are 12 ani. 8. Este Petru bolnav ? Da, el este. 9. Nina este bolnavă deasemenea ? Nu, ea întârzie. 10. Deschideţi cărţile la pagina 15. Vă rog, citiţi textul nou. 11. Este textul nou uşor? Da, textul este uşor. 12. Ce sunteţi voi ? Noi suntem elevi.
Dialogue Practice Vocabulary (Dialogues) to learn – a învăța a lyceum – un liceu pupil – elev form – clasă to see – a vedea later – mai tîrziu See you later – te văd mai târziu soon – degrabă See you soon – te văd degrabă to meet – a întâlni, a face cunoştinţă How do you do – salut (prima dată) Nice to meet you – plăcut să vă întâlnesc
Glad to see you – Bucuros să vă văd How are you? – Cum vă simţiţi? to be fine – a se simţi minunat very well – foarte bine a nice day – o zi frumoasă weekend – sfârşit de săptămînă Have a nice weekend – Să aveţi un plăcut sfârşit de săptămînă to thank – a mulţumi Thank you - Mulţumesc the same - acelaş The same to you – acelaşi lucru şi Dvs
Meeting a New Person (Nick and Lena) N : Hello ! L : Hello ! Who are you ? N: I’m Cristian. And who are you? L: I’m Gabriela. What are you? N: I’m a pupil. I learn at “Mihai Marinciuc” Lyceum. Are you a pupil, too? L: Yes, I am. I’m a 10th form pupil at “Mihai Marinciuc” Lyceum. N: Good bye. See you later. L: Good bye. See you soon. Dialogue 2 Introduction (John – Peter – Oleg)
J: Hello, Peter. Meet my friend Oleg. P: How do you do. O: How do you do. J: Oleg is a pupil of our lyceum. P: Nice to meet you Oleg. O: Glad to see you Peter, too. Dialogue 3 In the Morning (Ann – Kate) A: Good morning. How are you? K: I’m fine. Thank you. And you? A: Very well. Thank you. K: It’s a nice day today isn’t it? A: Yes, it is. Good bye. Have a nice weekend. K: Thank you. The same to you. Training Exercise 9 Make up 3 dialogues about: 1. How you meet a new person. 2. How you introduce a new person to a friend. 3. Your talk with a person about health and weather. Extra Vocabulary father – tată mother – mamă parents – părinți grandparents – bunici grandmother – bunică
grandfather – bunel aunt – mătușă uncle – moș sister – soră brother – frate
cousin – văr, verișoară grandchild – nepot (de bunici) niece – nepoată (de unchi) nephew – nepot (de unchi) child – copil children – copii who – cine what – ce their – al, ale lor
Mr. Mister – dl. (prescurtare de la domnul) Mrs. Misis - d-na. (prescurtare de la doamna) Miss – domnișoara pilot – pilot teacher – profesor engineer – inginer man – bărbat woman - femeie
Training Exercise 10 Read and translate the text: Who is this man? – He is my father. He is an engineer. Who is this woman? – She is my mother. What is she? – She is a teacher. What are you? – We are engineers. Who is Mrs. Smith? - Mrs. Smith is my grandmother. What is she? – She is a doctor. Mr. Smith is my grandfather. What is he? – He is a pilot. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are my grandparents and I am their grandchild. My grandparents have two children: my father and Mrs. Stanford. Mrs. Stanford is my aunt and Mr. Stanford is my uncle. I am their nephew. Their child Victor is my cousin. Victor is a student. Extra Grammar The Subject (expressed by: Nouns, Pronouns, Numerals, Impersonal Sentences, etc) Impersonal Sentences with “it” It is better to come tomorrow. It is necessary to come here. It snows during winter. It is six o’clock in the morning.
Simple and Collective Nouns Everybody dreams at night. – Simple Noun The children are eating now. – Collective Noun Fred is said to be a good fortune teller. – Infinitive Construction Her trembling worried us - Gerundial Construction Classification of Nouns 1. simple nouns – dog, mother, girl. 2. nouns with suffixes and prefixes – dishonest, happiness, unhappy 3. noun + noun – schoolmate, bedroom 4. noun form of adjectives – the beauty, the rich, the good 5. gerundial form of verbs – reading, swimming, walking, etc 6. verbs in the infinitive – smell, laugh, work, etc Gender of Nouns man – woman boy – girl husband – wife
actor – actress waiter – waitress hero – heroine Plural of Nouns
house – houses boat – boats fox – foxes Negro – Negros Eskimo – Eskimos kilo – kilos photo – photos banjo – banjoes motto – mottoes potato potatoes
tomato – tomatoes woman – women man – men wife – wives tooth – teeth calf – calves half – halves leaf – leaves knife – knives life – lives
self – selves thief – thieves mouse – mice wolf – wolves foot – feet goose – geese louse – lice ox – oxen
Nouns – the same in the Singular and Plural money furniture information knowledge barracks
series fruit means headquarters species
works deer fish
This is a police headquarters. These are police headquarters. She is Chinese. The Chinese live in China. Nouns of Latin origin stimulus – stimuli stratum – strata
analysis – analyses criterion - criteria Uncountable Nouns
tea sugar salt
milk cabbage coffee
wine ice water
Exercise 11 Fill in the blanks: 1. Mr. Smith … my grandfather. 2. We … engineers. 3. Victor is my … . 4. Mrs. Stanford is my … and Mr. Stanford is my … . 5. Victor is … student. 6. Mrs. Smith is my … . 7. What … Mr. Smith? 8. Mr. Smith is a … . 9. I … a teacher. Training Exercise 12 Use the verbs in the sentences below in the negative form: 1. He is a teacher. 2. They are teachers. 3. We are doctors. 4. She is an engineer. 5. He is my brother. 6. You are my sister. 7. I am a teacher. 8. Mr. Smith is my father. 9. He is Mr. Stanford Training Exercise 13 Use the nouns below in the plural: a dog – a pen – a lady – a father – a teacher – a child – information – a box – a lamp – a match – an uncle –
a teacher – an engineer – a house – a man – a student – a woman – a boy – a pencil – a car – a cup – a teacher – Training Exercise 14
Translate into English: 1. Cine este ea? – Ea este mama mea. 2. Ce este ea? – Ea este profesoară. 3. Cine sunt ei? – Ei sunt bunicii mei. 4. Bunicul meu este
pilot și bunica mea este doctoriță. 5. Eu sunt elev. 6. Ce sunt ele? Ele sunt profesoare. 7. Ce este el? – El este inginer. 8. Ce este fratele tău? – Fratele meu este student. El nu este profesor. 9. Cine este acest bărbat? – Acest bărbat este tatăl meu. El este inginer. Conversation Practice In the Cafe Exercise 1 Read and reproduce the conversation: A: Good morning. B: Good morning. Can I have a cup of tea, please? A. Here you are. Anything else? B. No, thanks. A. $1.50 please. B. Thanks. A. Thank you. Exercise 2 Read and reproduce the conversation: A. Hi. Can I help? B. Yes. Can I have a cabbage salad, please? A. Anything to drink? B. A cup of coffee, please. A. OK. Here you are. B. How much is that? A. Six pounds and 30 pence, please. B. Thanks. Exercise 3 Read and translate the text: The Petrov Family Svetlana is a Russian teacher. She’s thirty. She’s at school now. Her address is 18 Arbatov Street, Moscow. Her husband Mikhail is at work in his office. He’s a bank manager. His phone number at work is 095 097 7321.
They have two children, Maria and Alina. Maria is ten and Alina is seven. They are at school.
Lesson 4. Reading Rules ar - [a:] large, park, star er - [ə:] term, her, stern ir - [ə:] girl, bird, dirty ur - [ə:] curl, turn, church or - [o:] fork, born, horse er - [ə] sister, mother, teacher or - [ə] doctor, monitor oi - [oi] point, hoist, voice oy - [oi] toy, enjoy, boy ear - [iə] near, fear, clear eer - [iə] engineer, pioneer, volunteer ere - [iə] here, mere air - [εə] chair, fair, pair are – [εə] fare, share wor - [wə:] work, worse, world ng - [ŋ] thing, English, bring Training Exercise 1 Write the transcription of the following words: Curtain, toy, dear, dare, beer, bare, worm, short, thing, song, singing, turning, parcel, worst, voice, newspaper, chair, moisture, first, nurse, worker, boy, soil, noise, farm, serve, word, cheer, burn, curly, fair. Grammar: 1.The Present Participle (verb+ing) to ask – asking (care întrebă) to do – doing to sit – sitting
to visit – visiting to give – giving Training Exercise 2 Make up the Present Participle of the following words: to close, to give, to take, to have, to write, to play, to cry, to ask, to answer, to sit, to visit, to watch, to open, to read, to tell, to go, to repeat. 1.The Present Continuous Tense to be (Present Simple) + verb (Present Participle) - It is used to denote an action going on at the present moment. Affirmative I am reading a text. We are reading a text. You are reading a text. You are reading a text He is reading a text. They are reading a text She is reading a text. Negative I am not closing the book. We are not closing the books. You are not closing the book. You are not closing the books. He is not closing the book. They are not closing the books. She is not closing the book. Interrogative Am I watching TV? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are you watching TV? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. Is he watching TV? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t. Is she watching TV? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t. Are we watching TV? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are you watching TV? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t. Are they watching TV? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. 2.Special Questions e.g: The students are reading a text in the classroom. (4)
Who are reading a text? What are the students doing? What are the students reading? Where are the students reading a text? 3. The Structure “to be going to” – a avea de gînd să e.g: I am going to visit my friend on Saturday. She is going to write a letter after dinner. Are you going to read a book in the evening? Yes, I am. (No, I’m not) What are you going to do on Sunday? – I am going to play tennis. Where are they going after lessons? – They are going home. Peter isn’t going to watch TV this evening. 4.Alternative Questions e.g: Is this a pen or a pencil? It’s a pencil. Are you reading or writing now? We are reading now. Are you a student or a teacher? I’m a student. Training Exercise 3 Use the verbs from brackets in the Present Continuous: 1. They (to play) chess. 2. He (to watch) TV. 3. Ben (to show) me his new picture now. 4. What Ann (to do) now? She (to write) a letter to her friend. 5. Where Peter (to go)? He (to go) to the university.6. Lena (not to read) now. She (to have) breakfast. 7. We (not to close) the books. Training Exercise 4 Make up alternative questions: 1. Is Ann a student (teacher)? 2. Is this shelf brown (black)? 3. Is this a new book (an old)? 4. Are they answering questions (asking)? 5. Are you closing the note-book (opening)? 6. Are Peter and Bill playing chess (watching TV)? Is Jane reading text 3 (text 5)? 8. Is Ben giving his new picture to Tom (to Jane)?
Training Exercise 5 Change the sentences according to the model: e.g: John is not having dinner now. (tonight) He is going to have dinner tonight. 1. They are not playing chess now. (tomorrow) 2. I’m not watching TV now. (tonight) 3. Ann isn’t writing a letter now. (in the evening). 4. The children are not playing in the yard now. (after lessons) 5. They are not visiting their friends now. (on Sunday) 6. Mike is not doing his homework now. (at 5 o’clock). Vocabulary about – despre after – după to answer – a răspunde to answer a letter – a răspunde la o scrisoare to ask – a întreba to ask a question – a pune o întrebare to ask smb about smth – a întreba pe cineva de ceva bacon – şuncă a boy – băiat breakfast – dejun to have breakfast – a servi dejunul for breakfast – la dejun butter – unt chess – şah to play chess – a juca şah coffee – cafea to have coffee – a servi cafea a daughter – fiică
to do – a face an egg – ou to have bacon and eggs – a servi şuncă şi ouă a door – uşă an evening – seară in the evening – seara Good evening – buna seara French – franceza a French teacher – profesor de limba franceză a girl – fată a home – casă at home – acasă jam – magiun, dulceaţă a letter - scrisoare to write a letter – a scrie o scrisoare little – mic morning – dimineaţă in the morning – dimineaţa an orange – portocală
orange juice – suc de portocală a question – întrebare Saturday – sâmbătă a schoolboy – şcolar a schoolgirl – scolăriţă to sit – a şedea to sit in an armchair – a şedea într-un fotoliu studies – lecţii tea – ceai to have tea – a servi ceai
their – a lor toast – pâine prăjită to visit – a vizita to visit an old friend – a vizita un prieten vechi to watch TV – a privi televizorul a wife – soţie to write – a scrie to write a letter – a scrie o scrisoare Text Four
The Adams at Home It is Saturday. It is nine o’clock in the morning. The Adams are at home. Mr. Nick Adam is a British diplomat. His wife Margaret is a French teacher. Their son David is a student. Their daughter Amy is a schoolgirl. The Adams are sitting at the table. They are having breakfast. Mr. Adam and David are having bacon and eggs, toast, butter, jam and tea. Mrs. Adam and Amy are having orange juice, toast, jam and coffee. Mr. Adam is asking Amy and David about their studies. Amy and David are answering his questions. After breakfast they are going to visit the Browns. Amy is going to show her new little dog to her friend Jane Brown. It is evening. Mr. Adam is reading a book. Mrs. Adam is watching TV. Amy is watching TV, too. David is writing a letter to his friend. Training Exercise 6 Answer the questions to the text: 1. What time is it? 2. Is Mr. Adam a British diplomat or a British businessman? 3. Is his wife Margaret a French teacher? 4. What is their son David? 5. Is Amy a student or a schoolgirl? 6. Are the Adams sitting at the table? 7. What are they doing? 8. What are Mr. Adam and David having for breakfast? 9. What are Mrs. Adam and Amy having for breakfast? 10. What is Mr. Adam asking Amy and David about? 11. Are Amy and David answering his questions? 12. What is Amy going to
show her friend? 13. What is Mr. Adam doing in the evening? 14. Is Mrs. Adam reading a book or watching TV? 15. Is Amy watching TV or playing chess? 16. What is David doing? Training Exercise 7 Translate into English: 1. D-l Vladimir Pădureanu este medic. Soţia lui Vera este profesoară de limba franceză. Fiica lui Maria are patru ani. Feciorul lui Ion are şase ani. Acum este ora opt seara. Copii privesc televizorul. Vladimir citeşte o carte. Vera scrie o scrisoare. 2. Astăzi este sâmbătă. Este ora nouă dimineaţa. Oleg şi Ana sunt acasă. Ei şed la masă. Ei servesc dejunul. Oleg serveşte şuncă cu ouă, ceai, pâine prăjită şi dulceaţă. Ana serveşte cafea, pâine prăjită, unt şi dulceaţă. Copiii lor nu sunt acasă. Ei se joacă în grădină. Oleg şi Ana au de gând să ducă copiii lor la teatru deseară. 3. Studenţii sunt în clasă. Profesorul pune întrebări studenţilor şi ei răspund la ele. 4. Mâine noi avem de gând să vizităm familia Ionaşcu. 5. Jana are de gând să arăte Anei căţeluşul său nou. 6. Cât e ceasul acum? Este ora şase seara. 7. Unde este manualul de limba franceză? Pe poliţă. 8. Este acest palton albastru sau negru? Este albastru închis. 9. Este fiica Dvs elevă sau studentă? Ea este elevă. 10. Au ei de gând să meargă mâine la teatru sau la grădina zoologică? La teatru. 11. Unde este sala lor de clasă? 12. Tom şi Ben joacă şah sau privesc televizorul? Ei joacă şah. Dialogue Practice Vocabulary (Dialogues) Where? - unde ? a friend – prieten a garden – grădină in the garden – în grădină with – cu to play chess with – a juca şah cu her – a ei a sitting-room – salon Sunday – duminică to take smb to – a lua pe cineva la the Zoo – grădina zoologică
a theatre - teatru to go to the theatre – a merge la teatru to be well – a se simţi bine Shall I read the text? – Trebuie să citesc textul? a sentence – propoziţie to repeat – a repeta to excuse – a scuza to be over – a se termina busy - ocupat
tonight – deseară an uncle – unchi, moş to help – a ajuta to get – a primi
a class – lecţie after classes – după lecţii tomorrow – mâine a guest – oaspete to have guests – a avea oaspeţi Dialogue 1 Two Friends (George – Peter)
G: Where are Tom and David? P: They are in the sitting-room. They are playing chess. Tom is a good friend. G: David is a good friend, too. What are you going to do on Sunday? P: I’m going to take Jane to the Zoo. Are you going to the Zoo, too? G: No. I’m going to take Amy to the theatre. Dialogue 2 In the Classroom (Teacher – Student) T: Peter, read the text, please. S: Shall I read text 5? T: Yes, please. John, go to the blackboard and write the sentence, please: „The Browns are going to have guests on Sunday”. S: Excuse me, repeat the sentence, please. T: The lesson is over. Good bye. Have a nice weekend. S: Thank you. The same to you. Good bye.
Dialogue 3 After Classes (Peter – John) P: Are you busy tonight? J: Yes. I’m going to see my uncle James. P: Is he ill? J: No, he isn’t. He is going to help me with my English. P: Have you got the new English textbook? J: Yes, I have. It’s a very good textbook. When are you going to play
chess with Tom? P: After classes tomorrow.
Training Exercise 8 Make up dialogues on the topics: a) Two Friends. b) In the Classroom. c) After Classes. Extra Vocabulary 1 how – cum how are you? – ce mai faci?; ce mai faceți? fine – bine, frumos, drăguț to be fine – a fi bine, a face bine nice – drăguț to meet – a se întâlni nice to meet you – mă bucur că v-am întâlnit
from – de la, din yes – da no – nu but – dar to live – a trăi, a locui now – acum well – ei bine, bine good bye – la revedere, rămas bun
Extra Text 1 Dialogue Greetings Mr. Smith: Good morning, Mrs. Jackson! Mrs. Jackson: Good morning Mr. Smith. How are you? Mr. Smith: I’m fine, thank you, and you? Mrs. Jackson: I’m fine, too. Mr. Smith, this is my husband Tom. Tom, this is Mr. Smith, my teacher of English. Mr. Smith: Nice to meat you. Mrs. Jackson: Nice to meet you, too. Are you from England, Mr. Smith? Mr. Smith: Yes, from London. Are you from London, too? Mrs. Jackson: No, I’m from Manchester, but I live in London now. Well, goodbye Mr. Smith, nice to see you. Mr. Smith: Yes, goodbye.
Extra Vocabulary 2 every – fiecare to wake up – a se trezi at – la 6 a.m. – șase dimineața a.m. – ante meridian 6 p.m. – 6 seara p.m. – post meridian to get up – a se scula, a se ridica din pat to go – a merge bathroom – baie usually – de obicei shower – duș to have a shower – a face duș
to shave – a se bărberi to brush – a peria teeth – dinți to eat – a mânca breakfast – mic dejun about – despre at about – în jur de, aproximativ after – după to read – a citi newspaper – ziar work – muncă, serviciu to work – a munci, a lucra to reach – a ajunge office – birou, serviciu, slujbă
What Time Is It? It is six o’clock (sharp) – E șase fix It is five minutes past six – E șase și cinci minute It is ten minutes past six – E șase și zece minute It is a quarter past six – E șase și un sfert It is twenty past six – E șase și douăzeci It is half past six – E șase și treizeci de minute It is twenty five to seven – E șase și treizeci și cinci It is twenty minutes to seven – E șase și patruzeci de minute It is a quarter to seven – E șase și patruzeci și cinci It is ten minutes to seven – E șase și cincizeci de minute It is five minutes to seven – E șase și cincizeci și cinci de minute
Extra Text 2 Tom In The Morning Every Monday Tom wakes up at 6.00 a.m. He gets up at 6.15. a.m. and goes to the bathroom. He usually has a shower. Then he shaves and brushes his teeth. He eats breakfast at about 7.00 a.m. After breakfast he reads the newspaper. At 7.30 a.m. he goes to work. At 7.45 a.m. he reaches the office.
Extra Grammar Verbs in the Present Simple The Verb “to have” Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
I have You have He has She has It has
I don’t have You don’t have He doesn’t have She doesn’t have It doesn’t have
Do I have? Do you have? Does he have? Does she have? Does it have?
We have You have They have
We don’t have You don’t have They don’t have
Do we have? Do you have? Do they have?
I go You go He goes
I don’t go You don’t go He doesn’t go
Do I go? Do you go? Does he go?
She goes It goes
She doesn’t go It doesn’t go
Does she go? Does it go?
We go You go They go
We don’t go You don’t go They don’t go
I stay You stay He stays She stays It stays
I don’t stay You don’t stay He doesn’t stay She doesn’t stay It doesn’t stay
Do I stay? Do you stay? Does he stay? Does she stay? Does it stay?
We stay You stay They stay
We don’t stay You don’t stay They don’t stay
Do we stay? Do you stay? Do they stay?
Do we go? Do you go? Do they go?
Exercise 1 Use the verbs below in the Present Simple: to come – he …; to go – she …; to be – I …; to rain – It …: to become – we … ; to have – he …; to read – she …; to come – you …; to go – they …; to see – he …; to have – I …; to become – she … . Exercise 2 Use the verbs from brackets in the necessary form: 1. The doctor (to go) to the hospital every morning. 2. She (to walk) to the office every day. 3. I (to read) a newspaper every evening. 4. He (to see) a map on the wall. 5. Ann (to be) an English teacher. 6. Peter (to live) in London. 7. They (to have) a dog. 8. It (to rain) every month. 9. That man (to be) my father. 10. You (to be) an engineer. Exercise 3 Make up sentences – what Mary does on Monday: e.g. She reads the newspaper at 8.00 a.m. 9.15 listen to the news; 10.00 go to the dentist; 12.00 have lunch with the director; 15.00 buy ticket to Paris; 16.15 rent a car for the visitors; 18.00 meet the business partner at the station; 19.30 have dinner at a Chinese restaurant; 21.00 go to the opera with Mark. Exercise 4
Translate into English: Mă trezesc în fiecare dimineață la ora 7. Mă spăl, servesc micul dejun și merg la serviciu. Ajung la birou în jurul orei 8.00. - Buna ziua, domnule Savin! - Buna ziua , doamnă Talmaci! - Ce mai faci? - Bine, mulțumesc. Dvs. Ce mai faceți? - Bine. - Ei bine, la revedere. Mă bucur că v-am întâlnit. - La revedere, domnule Savin.
Conversation Practice The World of Work Exercise 1 Read and speak about Juan: Juan is a music professor. He comes from Madrid in Spain, but now he lives in the USA. He works four days a week at the University of Texas, Austin. He speaks three languages: Spanish, English and German. He is married to an American and has a daughter. He likes playing tennis in his free time. Exercise 2 Answer the questions: 1. What is Juan? 2. Where does he come from? 3. Where does he live now? 4. Where does he work: 5. What languages does he speak? 6. Does he have a family? 7. What does he like to play? Exercise 3 Read and speak about Pamela: Pamela is a doctor. She’s Canadian, but now she lives in a small town near Nairobi, Kenya, in East Africa. She isn’t an ordinary doctor. She’s a flying doctor. Every day from 8 a.m. she speaks to people on the radio. Then she flies to help them. She works 16 hours a day non-stop, but she loves her job. She isn’t married. She has no free time. Exercise 4 Ask questions about Pamela:
Lesson 5 Reading Rules oor [uə] poor, moor ur+vowel [uə] sure, lure ur+vowel [juə] pure, secure, mural qu+vowel [kw] question, quickly, queen tw+vowel [tw] twin, twenty, twist Training Exercise 1 Write the transcription of the following words: Queen, quarter, quality, equal, endure, manure, mural, immature, cure, twin, twice, twirl, twinkle, twilight, twitter, moor, poor, write, wrong, wrinkle, ship, wash, fish, shelf, watch, chicken, chess, china, thing, mother, they, fifth, myth, door, store, pinafore, cloud, doctor, envy,blow. Grammar: 1. The verb „to have” in the Present Indefinite Tense. Affirmative I have a pen. We have pens. You have a pen. You have pens. He has a pen. They have pens. She has a pen. Negative I have not a book. We have not books. You have not a book. You have not books. He has not a book. They have not books. She has not a book. Short negative forms: have not = haven’t, has not = hasn’t Interrogative Have I a bag? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t. Have we bags? Have you a bag? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Have you bags? Has he a bag? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. Have they bags? Has she a bag? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
Training Exercise 2 Fill in the forms of the verb „to have”: 1. My brother ... a new TV set. 2. Mr. and Mrs. Green ... three children. 3. How many English books ... she got? 4. The Marins ... a two-room flat. 5. Peter ... not a dog. 6. ... you any pencils in your bag? 2. The Indefinite Adjectives: some, any, no. some [sΛm] nişte (affirmative sentences) any [æni] nişte (negative and interrogative sentences) no [nou] nu (total absence) e.g: He has some English textbooks. He hasn’t any French textbooks. Has he any English textbooks? Yes, he has some. Has he any French textbooks? No, he hasn’t any. He has no tea in his cup. I have no German books. But: She is ready for classes any day. Training Exercise 3 Fill in: some or any 1. He has … Romanian books at home. 2. Have you got … knives or forks? 3. I have … friends at the university. 4. Peter has not … maps. 5. Has Jane … brothers or sisters? 6. Have you got … note-books? Yes, I have. 7. Show them … pictures, please. 8. She hasn’t got … coffee in her glass. 9. There are … apples on the plate. 3. The Possessive Case of Nouns Synthetical form: ‘s, s’ Ann’s dog is black. The teachers’ room is large. Analytical form: with preposition of
The sister of this boy is a doctor. This is the house of my parents. Whose? [hu׃z] – a cui? Whose dog is black? Peter’s is. Whose sister is a doctor? Ann’s is. Training Exercise 3 Answer the questions: (write 2 variants) 1. Whose room is this? (Jane). 2. Whose children are they? (my brother). 3. Whose car is this? (Mr. Brown) 4. Whose TV set is this? (Peter) 5. Whose books are these? (her son) 6. Whose flat is this? (my friend) Vocabulary a bedroom – dormitor a brother – frate to come – a veni a doctor – medic a family – familie a father – tată a flat – apartament a two-room flat – apartament cu 2 odăi to be fond of – a fi pasionat de a guest – oaspete to have a guest – a avea un oaspete how many – câţi, câte interesting – intersant an interesting man – un om interesant a journalist – journalist a lesson – lecţie to have a lesson – a avea o lecţie
a magazine – revistă mathematics – matematică maths – matematică (prescurtat) a mother - mamă a newspaper – ziar a school – şcoală to be at school – a învăţa la şcoală a second year student – student la anul doi to see – a vedea a sister – soră small – mic them – pe dânşii, pe ei a TV set – televizor an uncle – unchi, moş a university - universitate to be at university – a învăţa la universitate to work – a lucra
Text Five Peter Madan’s Family Peter Madan is a teacher. He has a small family: a wife and two children. His wife Ann is a doctor. His son Boris is a student at Tiraspol university. He is a second year student. His daughter Jane is at school. She is fifteen. Jane is going to be a school teacher. She is fond of mathematics. The Madans have a three-room flat. They have two bedrooms and a sitting-room in their flat. Their sitting-room is large. It is Sunday. The Madans are going to have guests today. Peter’s father and mother and Ann’s brother are coming to see them. It is six o’clock now. The Madans and their guests are sitting at the table. They are having dinner. Boris and Jane are asking their uncle Andrew about his work. Their uncle is a journalist. He is a very interesting man. Training Exercise 4 Answer the questions: 1. What is Peter Madan? 2. Has he a large or a small family? 3. What is his wife? 4. How many children have the Madans? 5. What are their children’s names? 6. What is Boris? 7. How old is Jane? 8. What is Jane going to be? 9. Is she fond of English or Mathematics? 10. Have the Madans a two-room or a three-room flat? 11. Is their sitting-room large or small? 12. Who is coming to see the Madans today? 13. What are Boris and Jane asking their uncle about? 14. What is their uncle Andrew? 15. What kind of man is he? Training Exercise 5 Translate into English: 1. Nicolai Banu are o familie mare. El are o soţie şi trei copii. Soţia lui Maria este profesoară de limba engleză. Fiica lui Natalia are 18 ani. Ea este studentă la anul 2 a universităţii din Chişinău. Feciorul lui Oleg are 11 ani iar Pavel are 14 ani. Ei învaţă la şcoală. 2. Astăzi este
sâmbătă. Este ora 9 dimineaţa. Oleg şi Pavel stau la masă. Ei servesc dejunul. Familia Banu are un apartament cu 4 camere. Ei au 3 dormitoare şi un salon. Deseară familia Banu vor avea oaspeţi. Fratele şi sora Mariei au de gând să-i viziteze. 3. A cui este acest automobil? Acesta este automobilul d-lui Frunze. 4. Prietenii Mariei Banu sunt profesori. Ştefan Aramă este profesor deasemenea. El este profesor de matematică. Ştefan este pasionat de matematică. 5. Aveţi nişte caiete groase? Nu, eu am nişte caiete subţiri. 6. Ale cui sunt aceste reviste? Acestea sunt revistele fratelui meu. 7. Câţi copii are Nicolai Banu? El are trei copii. Dialogue Practice Vocabulary (Dialogues) to translate – a traduce to translate smth from into – a traduce din în Russian – rus, limba rusă to take down – a-şi însemna homework – lucrul pentru acasă to learn – a învăţa a word – cuvânt to do – a face to do one’s homework – a-şi face lucrul pe acasă a street – stradă in the street – în stradă a bus – autobus a busstop – staţie de autobus Hurry up – grăbeştete nearby – prin apropiere a dialogue – dialog that’ll do – de ajuns
a corner – colţ round the corner – după colţ What day is it today? – Ce zi este astăzi? a week - săptămână days of the week – zilele săptămânii What time is it? – Cât e ceasul? a watch – ceas de mână fast – repede, se grăbeşte slow – încet, întârzie Monday – luni Tuesday – marţi Wednesday – miercuri Thursday – joi Friday – vineri Saturday – sâmbătă Sunday – duminică
Dialogue 1 In the Classroom (Teacher – Student) T: Peter and John read the dialogues. S: Shall we translate the dialogues? T: Yes, please. Repeat these words after me: ban, can, tank, thank. S: Ban, can, tank, thank. Is it all right now? T: Yes. Take down your homework. Learn the new words and read the dialogues. Do exercises 1 and 2. The lesson is over. Good bye. S: Good bye. Dialogue 2 In the Street (John – Peter) J: Good evening. How are you? P: Good evening. Fine, thank you. And how are you? J: Very well, thank you. And how is your mother? P: She’s fine, too. Oh, there’s your bus. Hurry up. Good bye. J: Good bye. Dialogue 3 Asking about Time, Day and Place (Andrew – Boris) A: What time is it by your watch? B: I’m afraid my watch is fast. It’s 25 minutes to 12. And what time is it by your watch? A: My watch is slow. It’s 20 minutes past 11. What day is it today? B: It’s Monday. Excuse me. Is there a bus stop nearby?
A: Yes, it’s round the corner. B: Thank you. Training Exercise 6 Translate into English: 1. – Ion, citeşte textul nou. - Trebue să-l traduc? - Da, Vă rog. 2. – Scrieţi, vă rog lucrul pe acasă. Citiţi dialogurile 1 şi 3 pagina 23. Învăţaţi cuvintele noi şi scrieţi-le. - Scuzaţi, repetaţi lucrul pe acasă vă rog. 3. – Ce zi este astăzi? - E vineri. 4. – Este vre-o oprire prin apropriere? - Da, este după colţ. 5. – Care este timpul după ceasul Dvs? - Mă tem că ceasul meu se grăbeşte. Este ora 3 şi 30 minute. Dar care este timpul după ceasul Dvs? - Ceasul meu întârzie. Este ora 3 şi 20 minute. Extra Vocabulary thank you – îți mulțumesc I’m fine – sunt bine too – de asemenea cinema – cinematograf to come – a veni with – cu us – noi maybe – poate who – cine
friend – prieten, prietenă to know – a ști, a cunoaște her – a ei, pe ea Nice to meet you – mă bucur să te cunosc to go – a merge how – cum How are you? – Cum î-ți merg treburile?
Dialogue 1 Do You Know Her? (Sarah – Carrie) S: Hello. C: Hello, Sarah. How are you? S: I’m fine, thank you. And how are you? C: I’m fine, too. Where are you going? S: I’m going to the cinema. Do you want to come with us? C: Maybe. Who is your friend? S: Don’t you know her? This is my friend Jenny. C: Hi Jenny. Nice to meet you. J: Nice to meet you, too, Carrie. C: OK, girls, I’m going with you to the cinema. Extra Grammar Structures: There is/There are … There is/There are … - există, se află e.g. There is a book on the desk – Pe birou este o carte. There are some chairs in my room. – Există niște scaune în camera mea. Let’s Introduce Ourselves Who are you? – I’m John. What is your surname? – My surname is Black. How old are you? – I’m twenty years old. Where are you from? – I am from the Republic of Moldova. Where do you live? – I live in Chișinău. I live in a block of flats/in a house I live at the second floor, apartment number 5. Where do you come from? – I’m Pedro and I come from Spain. I’m Robert and I come from the United States. She is Silvie and she comes from France. He is Ivan and he comes from Russia.
Let’s Describe Ourselves I am a man. I am a woman. I am tall/short. I an fat/thin. I am blond/brown haired. I have blue/green eyes. I have a big/small nose. Dialogue 2 What Colour Are Your Eyes? (Fred – Amy) F: What colour are your eyes? A: I have green eyes. F: How old are you? A: I am thirty years old. F: Where are you from? A: I am from Spain. F: I s your father tall? A: Yes, my father is tall. Exercise 1 Translate into English: 1. Eu sunt rusoaică. 2. El este român. 3. Fred este engles sau american? 4. Ea este din Australia sau Germania? 5. Michele provine din Italia. 6. Ei locuiesc în Spania. 7. Tom e un băiat cu ochi albaștri. 8. Îl cunoști? Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with: there is/there are … 1. You are right. … … a big dog in their yard. 2. … … too many fruits in this bag. 3. … … a towel in this room? 4. How can you live like this? … … a clean shirt in this wardrobe. 5. … … too many mistakes in this file. 6. You have to tell me. … … more surprises? 7. … … no way out.
Communication Practice Exercise 1 Read and learn the following words below: Vocabulary ice cream – înghețată letter – scrisoare busy – ocupat water – apă
waiter – chelner postman – poștaș spouse – soț glass - pâhar Exercise 2
Read the dialogues and practice them: Talk with a Waiter I. A: Good morning. Can I have two ice creams, please? B: Chocolate or vanilla? A: One chocolate, one vanilla, please. B: That’s 1.80. Anything else? A: No, thank you. Talk with a Postman II. A: Only two letters for you this morning Mrs. Brown B: Thank you very much Mr. Taylor. And how’s Mrs. Taylor this morning? A: Oh, she’s very well, thank you. She’s busy in the shop. Helping a Spouse III. A: A glass of water before bed, my dear? B: Oh, yes please. A: Here you are. B: Thank you, my dear. I’m very tired this evening.
Exercise 3 Read the vocabulary and learn it: Vocabulary policeman – polițist fireman – pompier taxi driver - șofer de taxi bus – autobus boatman – luntraș ambulance – salvare accountant – contabil petrol attendant – lucrător la benzinărie barmen – lucrator la bar undertaker – antreprenor shop – magazin small – mic island – insulă summer – vară boat – barcă, luntre west – vest Scotland – Scoția people – oameni every – fiecare weeend – sfârșit de săptămână get up – a se scula
to make breakfast – a pregăti dejunul guest – oaspete to collect – a strânge, a lua to deliver – a împârți, a da beer – bere pub – crâșmă only – numai, singură to help – a ajuta being – să fie holiday – sărbătoare to watch – a privi television – programe TV make supper – a ptregăti cina to do the accounts – a face contabilitatea wine – vin go to bed – a merge la culcare perhaps – probabil life – viață exciting – captivant, -ă
Exercise 4 Read the text and translate it: A Man with Many Jobs George Smith is a very busy man. He is 60 and he has a lot of jobs. He is a postman, a policeman, a fireman, a taxi driver, a school bus driver, a boatman, an ambulance man, an accountant, a petrol attendant, a barman and an undertaker. Also, he and his wife have a shop and a small hotel. George lives and works on an island on the west of Scotland. Only 120 people live on the island, but in summer 150 tourists come by boat every day. Every weekday George gets up at 6.00 and makes breakfast for the hotel guests. At 8.00 he drives the island’s children to school. At 9.00 he collects the post from the boat and delivers it to all the houses on the island. He also delivers the beer to the island’s only pub. Then he helps his wife Margaret in the shop. He says: Margaret likes being busy, too. We never have holidays and we don’t like watching television. In the evening Margaret makes supper and I do the accounts. At 10.00 we have a glass of wine and then we go to bed. Perhaps their life isn’t exciting but they like it. Exercise 5 Answer the questions on the text: 1. How old is George? 3. What are George’s jobs? 2. Where do they live? 4. What do George and his wife have? 5. How many people live there? 6. How many tourists come there by boat every day in summer? 7. When does George get up every weekday? 8. What does he do at 8 0’clock? 9. What does George do at 9 o’clock? 10. What does he deliver to the pub? 11. What does George say about his wife? 12. What do the not like to do? 13. What do George and Margaret do in the evening? 14. Do they like their life? Why? Exercise 6 Fill in the gaps: 1. George … 60 and he has a … of … . 2. He and his … have a … and a small … . 3. George … and … on an island on the west of … . 4. Only 120 … live on the island. 5. In summer 150 … come by … every day. 6. George … … at 6.00 and … … for the hotel … . 7. At 7.00 he … the island’s … to … . 8. He also … the … to the island’s … pub.
Lesson 6 Reading Rules ire [aiə] – fire, tired, admire, inspire yre [aiə] – tyre, lyre, byre our [auə] – flour, sour, hour ower [auə] – power, flower, tower tion [∫n] – attention, condition, imitation sion [∫n] – tension, diversion, dimension ssion [∫n] – emission, transmission, expression sure [зə] – pleasure, leasure, enclosure sion [зn] – decision, television, explosion Training Exercise 1 Write the transcription of the following words: Wire, fire, hire, lyre, byre, tyre, our, flour, sour, hour, flower, power, tower, vowel, caption, admission, accommodation, revolution, decision, formation, illusion, submission, suppression, transmission, transfusion, enclosure, measure, treasure, mansion, multiplication. Grammar: 1. Structure: There is/are e.g: There is a book on the desk. There is a boy in the room. There are pictures on the walls. There are students in the classroom. There is not a flower on the window. There are not plates on the table. There is no tea in the cup. Is there a teacher in the classroom? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. Are there pens on the desk? Yes, there are. No there aren’t.
Training Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with: there is/there are 1. … …some desks in the classroom. 2. … … a blackboard on the wall. 3. … … a clock on the table? Yes, … … a clock on the table. 4. … … any words on the blackboard? No, … … any words on the blackboard. 5. … … a chair in the bed-room? Yes, … … . 2. Special questions: How many? Which? How many books are there on the desk? There are two books on the desk. Which book are you going to read? I’m going to read this book. 3. Special questions to the subject: Who? Which? Who is writing an exercise? I am. Peter is. They are. Which of the students is at the blackboard? Lena is. Mary and Ann are. Training Exercise 3 Ask questions to the following sentences: 1. There are four magazines on her desk. 2. There are twelve students in the classroom. 3. There are five sounds in the word “woman”. 4. There are three bedrooms in the flat. 5. There are eight bookshelves on these walls. 6. John has four brothers. 7. They have two sisters. Training Exercise 4 Answer the questions according to the model: Which of the students is reading the text? (John) John is. 1. Which of the boys is watching TV? (Nick). 2. Which of the girls is going to the theatre? (Ann). 3. Which of the students is reading the
dialogues? (Peter and Nick) 4. Which of your sisters is coming to see you tonight? (Mary) 5. Which of your daughters is going to be a teacher? (Jane) 6. Which of your sons is going to be a journalist? (Michael) 7. Which of your newspapers are you going to read? (The Morning Star) 8. Who is playing tennis now? (Alec) 1. The Possessive Adjectives. (Whose?) I You He She
This is my book. ( a mea ) This is your book. ( a ta ) This is his book. ( a lui ) This is her book ( a ei )
We You They
These are our books. ( ale noastre ) These are your books. ( ale voastre ) These are their books. ( ale lor )
Whose book is this? Whose books are these? Training Exercise 5 Write the sentences with possessive adjectives: 1. This is a classroom. (we). 2. That is a sister (she). 3. These are books. (I) 4. Those are parents. (he). 5. That is a flat. (you). 6. They are good friends. (I). 7. Peter is a brother. (they). 8. Rita is a sister. (we). Vocabulary an article – articol a break – recreaţie but – dar a ceiling – tavan, pod a chair – scaun chalk – cretă a stick of chalk – o bucată de cretă a cigarette – ţigară
a duster – cârpă Great Britain – Marea Britanie to imitate – a imita an intonation – intonaţie light green – verde deschis to listen – a asculta to look through – a se uita prin the other – altul our – al nostru
to smoke – a fuma sound – sunet a speaker – dictor a tape – bandă (de magnitofon) a tape-recorder – magnitofon
the United States of America – Statele Unite ale Americii the U.S.A – S.U.A a wall newspaper – ziar de perete a window - fereastră Text 6
Our Classroom Our classroom is not large. There is one big window in it. The walls are light green and the ceiling is white. There are no pictures on the walls but there is a blackboard and two maps. One is a map of Great Britain and the other is a map of the United States of America. There is a stick of chalk and a duster on the blackboard. There are seven desks and twelve chairs in the classroom. There is a tape-recorder on the teacher’s desk. There are ten students and a teacher in the classroom. We are having an English class. We are listening to the tape and repeating sentences after the speaker. We are imitating the sounds and the intonation. Now, we are having a break. Peter is smoking a cigarette. Michael is reading the wall newspaper. There are some interesting articles in it. I’m looking through the “Morning Star”. Training Exercise 6 Answer the questions: 1. Is the classroom large? 2. How many windows are there in the classroom? 3. What colour are the walls? 4. What colour is the ceiling? 5. Are there any pictures on the walls? 6. How many maps are there on the walls? 7. What is there on the blackboard? 8. How many desks are there in the classroom? 9. What is there on the teacher’s desk? 10. How many students are there in the classroom? 11. Are they having an English or a French class? 12. What are they listening to? 13. What are they doing? 14. What is Peter doing? 15. What is Michael reading? 16. What is John looking through? Training Exercise 7
Translate into English: 1. Clasa noastră este o odaie mare. Ea are 2 ferestre. Pe pereţi sunt tablouri, o tablă şi o hartă a Marii Britanii. În clasă sunt 4 bănci şi 9 scaune. 2. Noi avem o lecţie de limba engleză. Petru şi Nicolai citesc dialoguri. Ei le traduc în limba română. Acum noi ne notăm lucrul pe acasă. 3. În odaia lui Ion este un pat, o masă de scris şi un scaun. Pe pereţi sunt rafturi de cărţi şi 2 hărţi. Una este harta Republicii Moldova dar cealaltă este harta Statelor Unite ale Americii. 4. Acum Boris ascultă banda magnetică şi repetă propoziţiile după dictor. Boris este pasionat de limba engleză. El are de gând să devină profesor de limba engleză. 5. Sora mea este medic. Familia ei nu este mare. Ea are un soţ, o fiică şi un fecior. Soţul ei este jurnalist. Fiul lor este student al universităţii de stat din Chişinău. 6. Acum ei sunt acasă. Ei sunt în salon. Soţul ei citeşte un ziar în limba franceză. Fiica şi feciorul lor joacă şah. Sora mea priveşte televizorul. 7. Acum noi avem recreaţie. Petru şi Nicu fumează. Mihai citeşte un ziar de perete. În el sunt câteva articole interesante. Eu mă uit prin manualul nou de limba engleză. 8. Ascultaţi banda de magnitofon. Acum repetaţi propoziţiile după dictor. Imitaţi sunetele şi intonaţia. Dialogue Practice Vocabulary to begin – a începe in 10 minutes – peste 10 minute to wipe – a umezi a headphone – cască can – a putea
a voice – voce louder – mai tare of course – desigur here you are – poftim
Dialogue 1 About the Classroom (Peter – John) P: Hello ! J: Hello ! Are you a student? P: Yes, I am. I go to my classroom. J: Is your classroom large or small? P: It is large. There are 3 windows in it. J: Are there any pictures on the walls? P: No, there aren’t any. J: How many desks are there in the classroom? P: There are 10 desks and 22 chairs in it. J: Are you going to have an English class? P: Yes, we are. It is beginning in 10 minutes. Dialogue 2 At the Lesson (Teacher – Students) T: Good morning students! S: Good morning teacher! T: Now sit down and look at this wall. What maps are there on the wall? S1: There are 2 maps. One is the map of Great Britain and the other is the map of the U.S.A. T: Peter go to the blackboard, take the duster and clean it. S2: Shall I wipe the duster? T: Yes, please. Now, open your notebooks and write the sentence: “I’m looking through the New York Times”. S3: Excuse me, repeat the sentence, please. 60
Dialogue 3 In the Laboratory (Teacher – Students) T: Take your headphones and listen to the tape. S: Shall we repeat the sentences after the speaker? T: Yes, please. Imitate the sounds an the intonation. Have you got note-books for pronunciation practice? S: Yes, we have. Can you make the speaker’s voice louder? T: Of course, I can. Here you are. Training Exercise 8 Translate into English: 1. - Luaţi căştile şi ascultaţi banda magnetică. - Trebue să repetăm această propoziţie? - Da, vă rog. Imitaţi sunetele şi intonaţia după crainic. 2. – Puteţi face vocea dictorului mai tare? - Desigur că pot. Poftim. 3. – Ce hărţi sunt pe acest perete? - Sunt hărţile Marii Britanii şi a S.U.A. 4. – Trebue să umezesc această cârpă? - Da, Vă rog. Apoi mergeţi la tablă şi ştergeţi-o cu cârpa. Training Exercise 9 Make up dialogues on the topics: a) About your Classroom b) At the Lesson c) In the Laboratory
Extra Vocabulary course – curs coffe – cafea coffee break – pauză de cafea between – între class – oră de curs to let – a lăsa, a permite to introduce – a se prezenta myself – eu însumi, însămi French – limba franceză a liitle – puțin to visit – a vizita summer – vară to travel – a călători great – mare, grozav city – oraș mare, metropolă so – atât, așa că many – mani, mulți thing – lucru here – aici time – dimp, dată the first – primul, prima the second – al doilea, a doua spent – a petrecut to spend – a petrece week – săptămână last – trecut
to think – a gândi, a crede about – despre our – a noustru, a noastră teacher – profesor to seem – a părea very – foarte friendly – prietenos her – al ei, ale ei lesson – lecție interesting – interesant to want – a dori, a voi to pass – a trece, a promova (un examen proficiency – competență, pricepere exam – examen why – de ce? to need – a avea nevoie country - țară can – poate certificate – certificat, adeverință really – într-adevăr, cu adevărat to find – a găsi teaching – predare exciting – emoționant, palpitant also – palpitant
A Conference Break (Victor – Mary) V: Hi How are you? M: Hi! I’m fine, thank you! V: Let me introduce myself. My name is Victor Hart. M: Nice to meet you. My name is Mary Jones. V: Do you speak French? M: Yes, French and a little bit of Italian. V: Are you visiting France this summer?
M: Yes, I’m travelling to Paris. V: Do you like it? M: Yes, it’s a great city. There are so many things to see. V: Are you here for the first time? M: No, it’s the second time. I spent two weeks in London last summer. V: What do you think about our teacher? M: She seems very friendly and her lessons are interesting. V: Why are you doing this course? M: I want to pass the proficiency exams. V: Why do you need to pass these exams? M: In my country you can become a teacher of English if you have a this certificate. V: Do you really want to become a teacher? M: Yes, I like children and I find teaching very exciting. Why are you learning English? V: I also want to become a teacher of English.
Extra Grammar Cardinal Numerals one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen
fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty one twenty two twenty three twenty four twenty five twenty six twenty seven twenty eight
thirty thirty one forty forty one fifty fifty one sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred one hundred and one thousand
Ordinal Numerals the first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth
thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth twenty first twenty second thirtieth fortieth
fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth hundred and first hundred and twenty fifth thousandth
The Present Continuous Tense (Verb to be + Verb-ing) e.g. 1. What are you doing? – I am washing my clothes. I am always knocking at the door before entering a room. He is always playing the guitar when I want to get some rest. I am reading a book now. He is watching TV at the moment. write – writing; give – giving; determine – determining ; see – seeing; run – running ; let – letting ; set – setting; travel – travelling; We are not speaking French now.; She is not teaching now. Is he coming now?; Are you speaking to me? e.g. 2. Actions in the moment of speech: I am teaching English now e.g. 3. Future actions planned at present: We are going to the seaside next week. e.g. 4. Verbs that cannot be used in the Continuous form:
a. Verbs of perceptions: to see; to hear; to smell; to taste. b. Verbs of opinions: to believe; to think; to suppose; to expect. c. Verbs of emotions: to love; to wish d. Verbs to be and to have: I am a teacher; He has a nice dog. But: He is being rude; She is having breakfast. e.g. 5. What are you doing? Jane: What are you doing? Fred: I am going to the market. Grace: What are you doing? Amy: I am thinking. G: What are you thinking about? A: I am thinking about Jane. George: What are you doing? Helen: I am taking a shower. Exercise 1 Use the verbs from brackets in the Present Continuous: 1. I (to listen) to music now. 2. He (to come) next week. 3. We (to read) a newspaper now. 4. Mr. Smith (to work) in the garage. 5. She (to speak) English now. 6. They (to go) home now. 7. He (to think) about the exam. 8. I (to read) a book now. Exercise 2 Translate into English: 1. Vă vizitează ei vara viitoare? 2. Plouă în acest moment. 3. Noi învă țăm engleza acum. 4. El privește la televizor acum. 5. Ea ascultă muzică în acest moment. 6. Ce faci acum? – Învăț limba engleză. 7. Vizitezi Franța anul acesta? – Da, merg la Paris. 8. Profesoara este foarte prietenoasă și lecțiile sunt interesante. 9. Urmes un curs de engleză. 10. Jenny mănâncă un măr. 11. Fred face curat în clasă. 12. Petru citește un ziar.
Communication Practice Vocabulary to live – a trăi to work – a lucra, a munci hard – mult, din greu to relax – a se odihni rugby – regbi team – echipă to train – a se antrena match – meci free – liber to love – a iubi job – serviciu lawyer – avocat because – fiindcă to help – a ajuta people – oameni life – viață
busy – ocupat, -ă lunchtime – timp de prânz to go running – a merge la alergare swimming – de înot pool – bazin office birou boyfriend – prieten before – înainte de sometimes – uneori to cook – a coace, a pregăti mâncare tired – obosit, -ă dinner – cină DVD – disc video to go out – a merge la plimbare to want – a vrea, a dori
Text 1 Jane Olson Works Hard Jane is 28 years old and lives in Cardiff, Wales. She works hard as a lawyer from Monday to Friday, but she doesn’t relax at weekends. She plays rugby for the Women’s Welsh Rugby team. On Saturdays she trains with her team at the Rugby Club and on Sundays she plays in a match. She has no free time, but she loves her job and playing rugby. Exercise 1 Answer the questions: 1. How old is Jane Olson? 2. Where does she live? 3. What is her job?
4. What team does she play for? 5. What does she do on Saturdays? 6. What does she do on Sundays
Text 2 I Love My Job I love my job as a family lawyer because I like helping people. But I love playing rugby, too. So my life is very busy. Every lunchtime I go running in the park near my office. On Monday and Thursday evenings I get up at 5.30 and go to the gym before work. And on Wednesday evenings I train with my team at the club. On Friday evenings I just relax because I’m usually very tired. I sometimes visit my sister. She lives in the centre of Cardiff, too. Or I cook a nice dinner at home with Alex. We love cooking. After dinner we often watch a DVD. We never go out on Saturday evenings because I always play in a match on Sundays. I want our team to win the next World Cup. Exercise 2 Answer the questions: 1. Why does Jane like her job? 2. What does she do every lunchtime? 3. What does she do on Monday and Thursday evenings? 4. What does she do on Wednesday evenings? 5. What does she do on Friday evenings? 6. What does Jane want? Exercise 3 Read and translate the dialogues below: 1. A. I’m sorry I’m late. The traffic is bad today. B. Don’t worry. Come and sit down. We’re on page 25. 2. A. Excuse me. B. Yes. A. Do you have a dictionary? B. I’m sorry i don’t. It’s at home. A. It doesn’t matter. 3. A. It’s very hot in here. Can I open the window? B. Pardon? A. The window, can I open it? B. Yes, of course.
4. A. Excuse me! B. Oh, good morning Marco. Can I help you? A. Yes, please. Can I have a ticket for the trip to London? B. Yes, of course. It’s $80. Do you want to pay $20 deposit now? A. Sorry. What does „deposit” mean? B. It means you can pay $20 now and $60 later. A. Ah. I see. Yes, please.
Lesson 7 Grammar:
1. The Present Indefinite Tense 2. Cardinal Numerals (13 – 100) 3. Time in English The Present Indefinite Tense
- It is used to denote customary, repeated actions. Affirmative I read a text every day. We read texts every day. You read a text every day. You read texts every day. He reads a text every day. They read texts every day. She reads a text every day. Negative I do not read a text every day. We do not read texts every day. You do not read a text every day. You do not read texts every day. He does not read a text every day. They do not read texts every day. She does not read a text every day. Interrogative Do I read a text every day? Do we read texts every day? Do you read a text every day? Do you read texts every day? Does he read a text every day? Do they read texts every day? Does she read a text every day? Answers:
Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’t. Yes, you do. No, you don’t. Yes, they do. No, they don’t. Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
Indefinite Adverbs with the Present Indefinite Tense: a) always. b) usually, c) sometimes, d) often, e) seldom, f) every day e.g. I always read a newspaper in the morning. He usually comes home at 6 o’clock. Ann never watches TV in the morning. Nick seldom plays chess. Tag Questions e.g. You read a text every day, don’t you? Yes, I do. They don’t go to the theatre every Sunday, do they? No, they don’t. Mary plays chess, doesn’t she? Yes, she does. Peter doesn’t like milk, does he? No, he doesn’t. Special Questions e.g. Mary usually gets up at 6 o’clock in the morning. When does Mary usually get up? She washes the plates and cups after breakfast. What does she wash after breakfast? It takes her 5 minutes to get to the trolley-bus stop. How long does it take her to get to the trolley-bus stop? Time in English What time is it? – It is 5 o’clock 1. 1.00 - 1 o’clock, 3.00 - 3 o’clock, 7.00 - 7 o’clock, 10.00 - 10 o’clock 2. 1.15 – a quarter past one 3. 3.45 – a quarter to four 4. 8.30 – half past eight 5. 6.20 – twenty minutes past 6 6. 9.55 – five minutes to 10 Cardinal Numerals 13 – thirteen [θə´ti׃n] 14 – fourteen [fo:´ti׃n]
15 – fifteen [fif´t׃n] 16 – sixteen [siks´t׃n]
17 – seventeen [sevən´ti׃n] 18 – eighteen [ei´ti׃n] 19 – nineteen [nain´ti׃n] 20 – twenty ['twenti] 21 – twenty one 22 – twenty two 23 – twenty three 24 – twenty four 25 – twenty five 26 – twenty six 27 – twenty seven
28 – twenty eight 29 – twenty nine 30 – thirty ['θə׃ti] 40 – fourty ['fo׃ti] 50 – fifty ['fifti] 60 – sixty ['siksti] 70 – seventy ['seventi] 80 – eighty ['eiti] 90 – ninety ['nainti] 100 – one hundred [wan'handrid]
Training Exercise 1 Write the 3rd person singular of the following words: to see, to show, to play, to give, to learn, to listen, to open, to read, to smoke, to take, to think, to write, to watch, to pass, to do, to speak, to make, to say, to come, to watch, to work, to jump, to make, to ring, to visit, to go, to live, to have, to tell, to get, to wash, to imitate, to look. Training Exercise 2 Transform the following sentences into negative: 1. He listens to the radio at 7 o’clock. They have tea in the morning. 3. Peter plays tennis in the afternoon. 4. We watch TV in the evening. 5. My friend and I play chess on Sunday. 6. Lena goes to the theatre on Saturday. 7. I usually read a book in the evening. 8. We have a French class every Tuesday. 9. My sister goes to college every day. 10. They always have breakfast at home. 11. Boris usually meets his friend in the street. 12. Mary likes to speak English with her sister.
Training Exercise 3 Ask general questions to the following sentences:
1. He always watches TV in the evening. 2. Boris opens the window every morning. 3. They often play chess in the sitting-room. 4. We always listen to the radio in the morning. 5. He has breakfast at 7 o’clock in the morning. 6. We have an English class every Thursday. 7. Sam usually has lunch at 1 o’clock. 8. You often go to the park on Sunday. 9. Mother and I usually wash the dishes after dinner. Training Exercise 4 Translate into English: 1. Eu deseori ascult radioul dimineaţa. 2. Noi de obicei privim televizorul seara. 3. Tata şi fratele meu joacă şah duminica.. 4. Olga scrie o scrisoare prietenei sale în fiecare săptămână. 5. Deschizi tu fereastra în fiecare zi? Da. 6. Andrei rar merge la un concert. 7. Ana citeşte ziare în fiecare zi, nu-i aşa? 8. Nicu nu întârzie niciodată. 9. Petrea nu fumează, nu-i aşa? 10. Mergeţi voi în parc în fiecare duminică? 11.El rar serveşte ceai dimineaţa. El de obicei serveşte cafea. 12. Boris locuieşte în Kiev. Training Exercise 5 Ask special questions to the underlined words: 1. At half past 2 Mary has lunch. 2. She usually has soup, salad, chicken, potatoes and tea for lunch. 3. After lunch Mary washes the dishes. 4. Mary does her homework from 5 till 8 o’clock in the evening. 5. The snack consists of bread, butter and a cup of coffee. 6. Sometimes Mary watches an interesting film on TV. 7. At 10 o’clock she goes to bed. Training Exercise 6 Write the time in English: 10.00, 7.00, 5.30, 4.15, 8.35, 9.10, 1.45, 3.50, 11.05, 1.20, 6.43, 2.25.
Vocabulary
the first – primul a year – an Physics – fizică Mathematics – matematică a department – facultate to open – a deschide to turn on – a conecta a radio – radiou music – muzică morning exercises – gimnastică matinală a bathroom – baie to wash – a spăla a hand – mâină a face – faţă to dry oneself – a se şterge a towel – prosop, ştergar to brush – a peria a tooth – un dinte teeth – dinţi a tooth brush – perie de dinţi a tooth paste – pastă de dinţi a bed-room – dormitor to do one’s hair – a-şi face părul in front of – în faţa la a mirror – oglindă mare to put on – a îmbrăca a dress – rochie a kitchen – bucătărie to leave home for – a pleca de acasă la a trolley-bus – troleibuz it takes her – ei îi trebuie 20 minutes – 20 de minute
to get to – a ajunge la to start – a începe 8 o’clock – ora 8 never – niciodată to be late – a întârzia a class – lecţie usually – de obicei from ... till – de la ..până la p.m (past meridium) – dupa amiază to be over – a se termina to go home – a merge acasă a soup – supă a salad – salată a chicken – pui a potato – cartof a lunch – prânz dishes – veselă a housework – lucru casnic to try – a se strădui to learn – a învăţa everything – totul a snack – gustare to consist of – a conţine bread – pâine butter – unt milk – lapte to switch on – a conecta to listen to – a asculta the latest news – ultimile ştiri a film – film a concert – concert to get up – a se scula to go to bed – a merge la culcare
Text 7 My Friend’s Day I have a friend and her name is Mary. Mary is a first year student of Physics and Mathematics department at Tiraspol State University. She usually gets up at 6 o’clock in the morning. Mary opens the window and turns on the radio set. She does her morning exercises to the music. Then she goes to the bathroom to wash. First, she washes her hands and face and dries herself on a towel. After that she brushes her teeth with a tooth brush and a tooth paste. Now Mary can do her hair in front of the mirror. Then Mary goes to the bedroom. There she puts on her dress and goes to the kitchen to have breakfast. Mary usually has bacon and eggs, toast, tea or coffee for breakfast. At a quarter past 7 Mary leaves home for the university. She goes to the university by trolley-bus. It takes her half an hour to get there. Her classes start at 8 o’clock. Mary is never late for classes. She usually has 3 or 4 classes at the university from Monday till Friday. At 2 o’clock p.m. their classes are over and she goes home. At half past 2 Mary has lunch. She usually has soup, salad, chicken, potatoes and tea for lunch. After lunch she washes the dishes and does some housework. Then Mary does her homework from 5 till 8 o’clock in the evening. She is a good student and tries to learn everything in time. At 8 o’clock Mary has a little snack. It consists of bread, butter and a cup of milk. Then she switches on the TV set to watch the latest news. Sometimes she can watch an interesting film or a concert on TV. At 10 o’clock Mary usually goes to bed.
Training Exercise 7 Answer the following questions: What is Mary? 2. When does she usually get up? 3. What does Mary do in the bed-room? 4. What does Mary do in the bathroom? 5. What does Mary do in the kitchen? 6. What does Mary have for breakfast? 7. When does Mary go to the university? 8. How long does it take her to get there? 9. When do her classes start? 10. How many classes does she have every day? 11. What does Mary have for lunch? 12. What does she do after lunch? 13. How long does she do her homework? 14. When does Mary have a snack? 15. What does she watch on TV? 16. When does Mary go to bed? Training Exercise 8 Translate into English: 1. Maria este studentă a facultăţii de fizică şi matematică. 2. De obicei ea se scoală la ora 6 dimineaţa. 3. Maria face gimnastica de dimineaţă în dormitorul său. 4. Ea îşi spală mâinile, faţa şi se şterge cu un prosop. 5. Maria îşi periază dinţii cu peria şi pasta pentru dinţi. 6. Ea işi face părul în faţa unei oglinzi. 7. Maria îmbracă rochia sa şi merge la bucătărie. 8. La 7.15 Maria pleacă de acasă la universitate. 9. Ea merge la universitate cu trolebuzul. 10. Ei îi trebuie jumătate de oră să ajungă la universitate. 11. Lecţiile ei încep la ora 8. 12. De obicei ea are 3 sau 4 lecţii în fiecare zi. 13. La ora 2 după amiază lecţiile ei se termină şi Maria merge acasă. 14. Ea de obicei serveşte supă, salată, pui, cartofi şi ceai la prânz. 15. Maria îşi face lucrul pe acasă de la ora 5 până la ora 8 seara. 16. La gustare ea serveşte pâine, unt şi o ceaşcă de lapte. 17. La 8.30 Maria conectează televizorul şi priveşte ultimile ştiri.
Extra Vocabulary some – unii, câțiva people – oameni, lume own – propriu most – majoritatea to own – a srăpâni, a avea în proprietate to rent – a închiria large – mare beautiful – frumos tall – înalt building – clădire bed of flowers – strat de flori ground floor – parter supermarket – mare magazin universal (cu autoservire) avenue - bulevard
neghbourhood – vecinătate, cartier shopping – cumpărături floor – etaj up to – până la loft – podul casei to provide – a furniza elevator – lift stairways – scări, trepte to consist of – a consta din hall – hol, întrare principală bathroom – baie lavatory – toaletă kitchen – bucătărie dining-room – sufragerie near – lângă
Exercise 1 Read and translate the text: My Home Some people in Chișinău live in their own houses but most people live in flăts they own or rent. My name is Michael Thomson and I live in a large and beautiful flat. My address is Chișinău,Ștefan cel Mare Avenue, Block 105, flat 20. The block of flats where I live is a tall and modern building. In front of it there are some tall trees and beds of flowers.. On the ground-floor of our block of flats there is a big supermarket where most people in the neighbourhood do their shopping. From the first floor up to the loft there are flats. Access to the flats is provided by some elevators and stairways. My family and I live on the 3rd floor. Our flat consists of four rooms, a hall, a bathroom, a lavatory and a kitchen. Two of the rooms are used as bedrooms. There is also a dining-room, where we have our meals, and a living-room, where we watch TV in the evening. There is a bathroom near the bedrooms and a large kitchen where we have breakfast every morning.
Exercise 2 Answer the questions: 1. Where does Michael Thomson live? 2. What is his address? 3. What is the block of flats where he lives? 4. What are there in front of the building? 5. What is there on the ground-floor of the block of flats? 6. How is provided access to the flats? 7. What floor does the Thomas family live on? 8. What does their flat consist of? 9. What do they do in the dining-room? 10. What do they do in the living-room? 11. Where do they have breakfast? Extra Grammar The Adjective a) are invariable: e.g. a tall tree – some tall trees b) the position of adjectives – are in front of the noun which they determine e.g. a beautiful girl c) after the verbs: “to be”, “to seem” and “to look” e.g. The girl is cute. He seems interesting to listen to. They look attractive. d) after a noun in some fixed expressions: e.g. The Princess Royal. The Order of Adjectives in a Sentence 1. value/opinion – lovely 2. size – large 3. age – old 4. shape – round
5. colour – red 6. origin – English 7. material – gold e.g. a lovely old red book Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns Adjective my your his her its our your their
Pronoun mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
e.g. This is my book. George is a friend of mine. That house is theirs. - Possessive Pronouns and Adjectives refer to Possessor but not to person or owned object e.g. I see a car. Its colour is red. Synthetic Possessive Case of Nouns – ‘s_ e.g. Helen’s car is in the yard. My mother’s purse is in her handbag. But: The girls’ boyfriends invited them to the dancing club. Charles’ idea is interesting. Prepositional Possessive Case of Nouns – of_ e.g. The desk of the teacher is in front of the classroom. The food of the dog is in its plate. The Republic of Moldova has good relations with the United States of America.
Implied Possessive Case of Nouns e.g. The book author is present at the meeting. The European Court for Human Rights is in the Hague. Exercise 3 Answer the following questions: 1. Do you live in a flat or in a house? – I live in a …. 2. Is it old or new? – It is …. 3. Where is it situated, in the centre or in the suburbs? – It is situated …. 4. What is your address? – My address is …. 5. Do you own or rent your flat/house? – I …......... it. 6. How many rooms are there in your house? – There are …..rooms in my ... Exercise 4 Describe the home where you live: 1. I live in …..; 2. My address is …..; 3. I live in …. house/flat (an old/a new); 4; I …. My flat/house. (own/rent); 5. My flat/house is …………. ( in an old part of the city/ in the centre/ in the suburbs). 6. My flat/house has (consists of) ………. 7. There are …… rooms in my flat/house. 8. In front of the house there is ………….. Exercise 5 Translate into English: 1. Noi ne uităm la un film bun. 2. Acestea sunt cărțile tale. 3. Eu locuiesc într-o casă mare și frumoasă. 4. Casa ei este nouă. 5. Casa mea are trei camere: două dormitoare și o sufragerie. Ea mai are și o bucătărie unde servim micul dejun în fiecare dimineață. 6. Sunt 15 flori în acest buchet. (bunch) 7. Creioanele lui sunt roșii. 8. Aceștea sunt frații mei. 9. Majoritatea oamenilor din cartier își fac cumpărăturile de la un supermarket mare. 10. În fața casei sunt multe straturi de flori. 11. Blocul în care locuiesc este o clădire înaltă și modernă. 12. Văd o fată frumoasă. 13. Aceasta e mâncarea lui Tom. 14. Acesta este piciorul scaunului. 15. Mamele acestor elevi vin la școală.
Communication Practice Exercise 1 Read and learn the vocabulary below: Vocabulary summer – vara best of all – cel mai mult garden – grădină beach – plajă sunbathing – bronzare la soare surfing – schi pe o talpă to sail – a naviga pe plută cu catarg dad – tătic Christmas – Crăciun cousin – verișor to think – a gândi funny – hazliu always – întotdeauna warm – cald sunny – însorit wet – umed cold – rece north – nord season – anotimp hot – fierbinte rainy – ploios wet – umed
cool – răcoare winter – iarnă quite – destul de daytime – timpul zilei lots of – o mulțime de pink – roz orange – portocaliu to sing – a cânte to dance – a dansa here – aici joke – glumă country - țară month – lună a anului to ski – a schia autumn – toamnă favourite – preferat best – cel mai bun fast – repede mountain – munte sky – cer still - încă
Exercise 2 Read the texts to three people from different countries: Daniella from Australia I like summer best of all. We cook and eat in the garden and we often go to the beach. I don’t like sunbathing but I love water sports. I go surfing
and waterskiing. Sometimes I go sailing with my dad. Summer here is from December to February, so we always spend Christmas day on the beach. My cousins in England think this is very funny. They think it’s always warm and sunny here in Australia. But in July and august it’s sometimes cold and wet. Sumalee from Thailand I live in Chang Mai in the north. We don’t have four seasons. We have three – hot, rainy and cool. I like the cool season from November to February. It’s our winter. It’s quite hot in the daytime and it’s cold at night. In February we have lots of tropical flowers – red, orange and pink. So every year we have a beautiful Flower Festival. We sing and dance. I love it. Axel from Norway Here’s a joke about my country. Winter is nine months long and the other three months are good for skiing. It isn’t true! Here the winter months are December to February but it is often cold in spring and autumn, too. Our summer is short but warm, with very long days. Spring is my favourite season. It’s the best time to go skiing. I love going fast down a white mountain under a beautiful blue sky. Sometimes you can still ski in June. Exercise 3 Answer the questions: 1. What sports do they play? 2. Do Daniella and Axel like skiing? 3. Where do Daniella and her family eat in summer? 4. Where does Sumalee live? 5. Which season does Sumalee like best? 6. What do Sumalee and her friends do in February? 7. Does Daniella like sunbathing? 8. Why does Axel like spring? 9. Where do Daniella’s cousins live? 10. Which months are winter months in the three countries?
Lesson 8 Dialogues: A. „Introductions” B. „Greetings and Asking about Health” C. „In the Canteen” Speech Patterns 1. I’d like to introduce my British friend. – Aşi dori să vă prezint prietenul meu Britanic. 2. He’d like some salad, steak and a cup of coffee. – El ar dori ceva salată, carne fiartă de vită şi o ceaşcă de cafea. 3. Would you like some ice-cream? – Aţi dori ceva îngheţată? 4. It’s quite different from what I expected. – Este tare duferit de ce mă aşteptam. 5.What’s the trouble? – Care este problema?
Training Exercise 1 Translate into English: 1. Aţi dori să priviţi televizorul acum? 2. Aşi dori să merg la teatru deseară. 3. Mihai ar dori să asculte ultimile ştiri. 4. Aţi dori o ceaşcă de cafea? 5. Aţi dori să serviţi prânzul acum? 6. Aţi dori să mergeţi acolo cu autobuzul? 7. Care este problema cu tatăl tău? 8. Aşi dori să privesc emisiunile TV. 9. Ea ar dori să citească această carte.
Vocabulary (Dialogues) introduction – prezentare to introduce – a prezenta Moldovan – moldovean quite – destul to feel – a simţi to feel well – a se simţi bine to feel cold – a se simţi răcit well – bine really – într-adevăr to catch a cold – a răci to have a cold – a fi răcit a greeting – salutare Asking about health – Întrebând de sănătate too – prea
Not too well – nu prea bine How are you? – Cum vă simţiţi? to hear – a auzi I’m sorry to hear that – Îmi pare rău să aud aceasta. ice-cream – îngheţată apple-pie – plăcintă cu mere to pass – a transmite Pass him the salt, please – Transmitei sarea te rog Here you are – poftim rye bread – pâine de secară Not at all – nu-i pentru ce
A. Introductions 1 (Mr.Brown – Mr.Tomson - Mr.Ionescu) Mr.B: Good morning Mr.Tomson. This is Mr.Ionescu. Mr.I: How do you do. Mr.T: How do you do. Mr.B: Mr.Ionescu is from the Republic of Moldova 2 (Mr.Green – Mr.Williams) Mr.G: Good evening Mr.Williams. Meet Mr.Popescu. Mr.W: How do you do. Mr.P: How do you do. Mr.G: Mr.Popescu is from Bucharest.
3 (Mr.White – Mr.Bush – Mr.Frumusache) Mr.W: Mr.Bush, I’d like to introduce my Moldovan friend Mr.Frumusache. Mr.B: How do you do. Mr.F: How do you do. Mr.B: How do you like New York? Mr.F: It’s quite different from what I expected? B. Greeting and Asking about Health 1 (Mr.Green – Mr.Ionescu) Mr.G: Hello ! Mr.I: Hello ! How are you? Mr.G: I’m not feeling very well. Mr.I: Really? What’s the trouble? Mr.G: I’m afraid I’m catching a cold. 2 (Mr.White – Mr.Popescu) Mr.W: Hello ! How are you? Mr.P: Fine, thank you. And what about you? Mr.W: Not too well, I’m afraid. Mr.P: I’m sorry to hear that. C. In the Canteen 1 (Alice – Betty)
A: I’d like some salad, steak and a cup of coffee for lunch. And what about you? B: I’d like roast-beef and some ice-cream. A: Would you like some apple-pie? B: Yes, please. 2 (Nick – Peter) N: Excuse me, pass me the butter and the salt, please. P: Here you are. Pass me the rye bread, please. N: Here you are. P: Thank you. N: Not at all. Training Exercise 2 Find in the dialogues and translate: 1.Cum vă place New York? 2. Într-adevăr? 3. Mă tem că am răcit. 4. Aţi dori nişte placinte cu mere? 5. Nu-i pentru ce. Training Exercise 3 Fill in questions to which the following sentences are the answers: 1. A: ….. B: It’s quite different from what I expected. 2. A: ..... B: Not too well, I’m afraid. A: ..... B: I think I’m catching a cold. 3.A: ..... B: I’m not feeling very well. A: .....
4.A: ..... B: I’d like some salad, steak and a cup of coffee. A: ..... B: No, thank you. 5.A: ..... B: Here you are. A: ..... B: Not at all. Training Exercise 4 Translate into English: 1. – Salut domnule Morgan. Cum vă simţiţi? - Nu prea bine. - Ce vă deranjează? - Mă tem că am răcit. 2. – Cum vă simţiţi? - Bine, mulţumesc. 3.– Cum se simte tatăl Dvs? - Nu prea bine. - Îmi pare rău. 4. – Ce aţi dori să aveţi la prânz? - Salată, carne de vită feartă şi o ceaşcă de cafea. - Dar referitor la ceva îngheţată? - Da, mulţumesc. 5. – Scuzaţi, transmiteţi mie sarea vă rog. - Poftim. - Mulţumesc. - Nu-i pentru ce. 6. – Aţi dori o ceaşcă de cafea? - Nu, mulţumesc. Training Exercise 5 Make up dialogues based on following situations:
1. Introduce your colleague to a foreign guest. 2. Ask your foreign guest about his health, about the health of his wife and his children. 3.Ask a foreign guest what he wants for lunch. Ask him to pass salt and say “Thank you”. Extra Vocabulary airport – aeroport London – Londra out of - în afară residential – de locuit, domiciliat area – suprafață, întindere within – înăuntru, în interior; în decurs de British – britanic capital – capitală Gatwick – aeroport la sud de Londra Heathrow - aeroport la 25 km. de la centrul Londrei Stansted – aeroport la nord-est de Londra main – principal to handle – a administra, a conduce more – mai mult international – internațional flight – zbor than – decât any – oricare other – altul world – lume every – fiecare plane – avion to take off – a decola to land – a ateriza terminal – terminal extremely – extrem de busy – aglomerat, ocupat
itself – însăși to resemble – a se asemna cu whose – a cui, ale cui long – lung corridor – coridor to lead – a conduce gate – poartă fashionable – elegant, la modă shop – magazin restaurant – restaurant to wait – a aștepta bit – puțin farther – mai departe both – deopotrivă, ambii to relieve – a elibera, a ușura to travel – a călători by car – cu mașina to book – a rezerva to depart – a pleca to arrive – a sosi luggage – bagaje ticket – bilet timetable – mersul trenurilor, orar customs – vamă sleeper – vagon de dormit through train – tren direct passport – pașaport to declare – a declara exit – ieșire first class – clasa întâi to cancel – a anula
to reserve – a rezerva to confirm – a confirma departure – plecare arrival – sosire platform – peron seasick – rău de mare How much is a ticket to? – Cât costă un bilet la?
Where can I rent a car? – Unde pot închiria o mașină? parking – parcare flat tyre – pană spare wheel – roată de rezervă fare – taxă station – stație
Exercise 2 Read and translate the text: Travelling There are three big airports in London, out of theb residential area, within one to two hours of the centre of the British capital. These are Gatwick, Heathrow and Stansted. Heathrow, Londonțs main airport, handles more international flights than any other airports in the world. Every 45 seconds a plane takes off or lands here, and all the four terminals are extremely busy. The airport building itself now resembles a real city whose streets are the long corridors leading to the gates, with fashionable shops, restaurants and waiting areas. Gatwick, a bit farther from the centre of London, handles both national and international flights. In the 1980’s another airport was built to relieve the congestion of Heathrow: Stansted. Exercise 3 Answer the questions: 1. How many big airports are there in London? 2. What is Heathrow? 3. What does the airport building resemble? 4. What does Gatwick handle? 5. When was Stansted airport built?
Exercise 4 Answer the questions: 1. Why do people travel? (for pleasure, on business, to go to work) 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of travelling? a) by plane (more comfortable, faster, expensive, risky) b) by train (comfortable, cheaper, safe) c) by car (comfortable, stop when you want, private) Exercise 5 Answer the questions: 1. Can you tell me the way to ……..? 2. How much is the fair? 3. What is the route of? 4. Where can I embark for? 5. Could you tell me where the theatre is, please? 6. What do you prefer to go by? Extra Grammar Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives Positive
Comparative
Superlative
tall fat easy hard happy
taller fatter easier harder happier
the tallest the fattest the easiest the hardest the happiest
important beautiful interesting
more important more beautiful more interesting
the most important the most beautiful the most interesting
good bad much
better worse more
the best the worst the most
far late old old near
farther later older elder nearer
the farthest the latest the oldest the eldest the nearest
Exercise 6 Translate into English: 1. Călătoriți cu trenul sau cu avionul? – Călătoresc cu trenul. 2. Ce este Heathrow? – Heathrow este cel mai important aeroport din Londra. 3. Unde călătorești? – Călătoresc de la Londra la Manchester și am multe bagaje. 4. Dar de ce nu călătorești cu avionul? – Pentru că este mai riscant. Trenul este mai sigur. 5. Mary este mai frumoasă decât Helen. 6. Apartamentul nostru este mai mare ca al ei. 7. Victor este mai înalt decât John. 8. Sora mea este mai mare decât mine. 9. Lecțiile sunt mai dificile ca cele de ieri. 10. Astăzi este mai frig ca ieri. 11. Are cele mai moderne idei privind educația. 12. Este cea mai interesantă carte pe care o citesc. 13. Păpușa mea e mai drăguță decât a ta. 14, Îmi plac rochiile galbene. 15. Prăjitura ta este mai gustoasă decât a mea. Communication Practice Exercise 1 Read and learn the new words: Vocabulary south – sud France – Franța bubble – balon, bășică designer – desenator, proiectant thing – lucru to collect – a colecționa record – disc clock – ceas de perete furniture – mobilă completely – complet
round – rotund centre – centru living room – salon dining room – sufragerie armchair – fotoliu rug – covoraș (la podea) fireplace – sobă, camin kitchen – bucătărie cupboard – bufet garden – grădină
music – muzică upstairs – sus pe scări bedroom – dormitor bathroom – baie
of course – desigur eye – ochi curtain – draperie, perdea Exercise 2
Read and translate the text: A House of the Future Patrick Briand’s house, in the south of France, is 40 years old. There are more houses like this in the south of France. They are called “bubble houses” and you can see why. Patrick is a designer and he loves round things. He collects old records and clocks. He also collects round furniture. And now he has a completely round house for it all. The centre of the house is one very big bubble. This is both the living room and dining room. There are round armchairs, a round table and a big round rug in front of a round fireplace. Around the living room threre are three small bubbles. One bubble is a kitchen with round cupboards, another bubble is the garden room and the third bubble is a music room for all Patrick’s old records. Upstairs there are two more bubbles – a bedroom and a bathroom. The doors and windows are also round, of course. The windows are like eyes. There aren’t any curtains in the house, because Patrick likes to see the garden all the time. Exercise 3 Answer the questions: 1. Where is Patrick’s house? 2. How old is it? 3. Why is it called a “bubble house”? 4. What does Patrick do? 5. What does Patrick collect? 6. How many rooms are there in his house? 7. Is there a garden?
Lesson 9 Grammar: 1. Modal verbs: “Can”, “May” and “Must”. 2. Indefinite adjectives: “many”, “much”, “a few”, “a little”, “few” and “little”. 3. Imperative sentences. Modal verb: “Can”[kæn] – a putea, (a fi în stare) Affirmative: I can speak English. We can speak English. You can speak English. You can speak English. He can speak English. They can speak English. She can speak English. Negative: I can not speak German. We can not speak German. You can not speak German. You can not speak German. He can not speak German. They can not speak German. She can not speak German. Can not = can’t Interrogative: Can I speak Romanian? Can we speak Romanian? Can you speak Romanian? Can you speak Romanian? Can he speak Romanian? Can they speak Romanian? Can she speak Romanian? Yes, I can. No, I can,t Modal verb: „May”[mei] – a putea (a avea voie să) e.g: I may open the book.
I may not open the window. May I ask a question? Yes, you may. No, you mayn’t. Modal verb: „Must”[mast] – trebuie e.g: I must write an exercise. I must not be late for classes. must not = mustn’t Must I go to the meeting? Yes, you must. No, you mustn’t. Must be – probabil este Indefinite Adjectives: many [mæni] – multe, mulţi (numerabil) e.g: There are many apples on the tree. I haven’t many English books. much [mΛt∫] – mult (nenumerabil) e.g: There is much tea in the cup. He doesn’t have much time today. a few [ə’fju:] – câţiva, câteva e.g: There are a few pictures on the wall. Can you give me a few examples? a little [ə’litl] – ceva e.g: There is a little milk in the bottle. Ann must have a little time to write the letter. few – puţine (numerabil) e.g: There are few apples on the tree. John has few lessons today.
little – puţin (nenumerabil) e.g: They have little interest in this game. I can’t visit my friend because I have little time today. Imperative Sentences: e.g: Let me open the book. Let him go out. Let her come in. Let us (let’s) play chess in the sitting room. Let them see the new English books. Training Exercise 1 Read and translate: 1. I can read English. 2. He can give you the book. 3. They can play chess. 4. She cannot speak Spanish. 5. Can you translate this text? Yes, I can. 6. Can they play hockey? No, they can’t. 7. May I have a cup of tea? Yes, you may. 8. May I smoke here? No, you mustn’t. 9. Must they stay here till 9 o clock? No, they needn’t. 10. Must the students do their homework every day? Yes, they must. Training Exercise 2 Translate into English: 1. Eu nu pot vorbi limba germană. 2. Tom poate lucra astăzi acasă. 3. Pot ei merge la teatru acum? 4. Trebue tu să stai la universitate pînă la ora 6? Da, trebue. 5. Pot să fumez aici? Nu, nu se poate. 6. Unde este Mihai? Probabil el este acum la bucătărie. 7. Trebue Maria să-şi spele mânile şi faţa? Da, trebue. 8. Se poate să
deschid această carte? Da, se poate. 9. Când ei pot juca şah? Ei pot juca şah astăzi după prânz. Training Exercise 3 Read and translate: 1. We have little butter at home. 2. Peter has few friends at school. 3. Have you many English books? Yes, I have. 4. Do they have many classes today? No, they don’t. 5. Is there much or little coffee in Ann’s cup? There is little coffee in her cup. 6. There are a few Romanian books on the shelf. 7. There are a lot of little children in the park today. 8. Is there much or little butter on the plate? There is a little butter on it. Training Exercise 4 Translate into English: 1. Maria are mulţi prieteni la universitate. 2. Andrei are puţin timp pentru dejun. 3. Pe perete sunt câteva tablouri. 4. În ceaşcă este puţin ceai. 5. Pe farfurie este foarte puţină pâine. 6. Boris are mult de lucru acasă. 7. Pe poliţă nu sunt multe cărţi în limba rusă. 8. Astăzi la şcoală sunt o mulţime de copii. 9. Acum pe copac sunt foarte puţine mere. Training Exercise 5 Fill in: much, many, little, few, a little, a few 1. There are very … children in the park. 2. I have … tea in my cup. 3. Lena writes … exercises in her note-book. 4. John has … books in his bag today. 5. There are … students in the canteen. 6. There is not … butter at home. 7. They have … time to read books and watch TV on Sunday. 8. Pass me ... bread, please. Here
you are. 9. I can see … birds on the tree. 9. Father has … work at the factory today. 10. Ann likes … sugar in her tea. 11. Ben is … boy and he likes to play every day. Training Exercise 6 Translate into English: 1. Lăsaţi ca Ana să-şi facă lecţiile acum. 2. Lăsaţi ca Petru săşi perieze dinţii. 3. Lasă ca fratele tău să traducă acest text. 4. Lăsaţi ca copiii să servească prânzul acum. 5. Hadeţi să mergem la teatru duminică. 6. Haideţi să servim o ceaşcă de cafea. 7. Haideţi să facem aceste exerciţii de gramatică acum. 8. Lăsaţi ca el să privească filmul la televizor. Vocabulary to teach – a preda medical – de medicină a class – lecţie four times – de 4 ori a daughter - fiică too – deasemenea French – limba franceză technical – tehnică to go shopping – a merge după cumpărături a supermarket – magazin de autoservire to buy – a cumpăra to need – a avea nevoe to walk – a merge pe jos a lyceum – liceu along – de-a lungul a counter – tejghea
to put – a pune a purchase – cumpărătură a bascart – cărucior de cumpărături a loaf – franzelă loaves – franzele rye – secară bread – pâine fresh – proaspăt meat – carne fish – peşte sausage – salam, cârnaţ cereals – crupe vegetables – legume fruit – fructe potatoes – cartofi tomatoes – pătlâgele roşii a tomato – pătlăgea roşie
cucumbers – castraveţi oranges – portocale lemons – lămâi department store – magazine universal a birthday – zi de naştere to invite – a invita a party – serată a present – cadou with – cu with him – cu el an avenue – bulevard a department – secţie women’s clothes – haine pentru doamne men’s clothes – haine pentru bărbaţi shoes – pantofi
sports goods – mărfuri de sport leather goods – mărfuri din piele and so on – şi aşa mai departe, etc. a ground floor – parter a pair of gloves – pereche de mănuşi men’s department – secţie pentru bărbaţi a sweater – pulover also – deasemenea a box of paints – o cutie de vopsele tired – obosit a café – cafenea tomorrow – mâine Text 9
Mr. Marian Goes Shopping Mr. Boris Marian lives in Chişinău. He is a teacher of English. He teaches English at Medical University. Mr. Marian has four classes four times a week. He likes teaching English. Mr. Marian has a wife, a daughter and a son. His wife Kate Marian is a teacher, too. She teaches French at Technical University. His daughter Nina is fifteen and his son Nick is twelve. They are at a lyceum. Mrs. Marian usually goes shopping on Monday and Wednesday. Mr. Marian goes shopping on Saturday morning. It is Saturday today. Mr. Marian is going shopping now. He usually goes to the supermarket. He can buy all they need there. He walks along the counters and puts his purchases into the bascart.
He buys two white loaves and one rye loaf. The bread is always fresh there. Then he buys some meat, fish, bacon, sausage and cereals. He also buys vegetables and fruit: potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, apples, oranges and lemons. Today Mr. Marian must go to a department store. Tomorrow is his son’s birthday. Nick is inviting a few friends to his birthday party. Mr. Marian must buy a present for his son. He wants his daughter Nina to go to the department store with him. They are going to a big department store in Ştefan cel Mare avenue. There are a lot of departments in the store: women’s clothes, men’s clothes, shoes, sports goods, leather goods and so on. On the ground floor Mr. Marian buys a tie and Nina buys a pair of gloves. Then they go to the second floor, to the men’s department and buy a blue sweater for Nick. Nick likes that colour. They also buy a box of paints for him. They are very tired. Now, they can go to a café and have tea. Training Exercise 7 Answer the questions: 1. Where do the Marians live? 2. What is Boris Marian? 3. Where does he teach English? 4. How many times does he have English classes? 5. What is his wife? 6. What are his children? 7. How many times a week does Mrs. Marian go shopping? 8. What day is it today? 9. Who is going shopping today? 10. Where does Mr. Marian usually go shopping? 11. What can he buy in the supermarket? 12. Where does Mr. Marian put his purchses? 13. What does he usually buy? 14. Why must Mr. Marian go to the department store today? 15. Whose birthday is it tomorrow? 16. Who does Mr. Marian go to the department store with? 17. What do they buy there? 18. What colour does Nick like? 19. Where do Mr. Marian and Nina have tea?
Training Exercise 8 Translate into English: 1. Nicu merge după cumpărături marţea şi vinerea. El merge de obicei după cumpărături la magazinul de autoservire. Nicu cumpara acolo portocale şi mere. Sora lui iubeşte portocale iar el iubeşte mere. Apoi el cumpără carne, peşte, salam, crupe etc. El deasemenea cumpără pâine albă şi de secară. Acolo pâinea este întotdeauna proaspătă. 2. Mâine este ziua de naştere a Mariei. Ea are de gând să invite câteva prietene. Mama ei are de gând să miargă la magazinul universal. Ea trebuie să cumpere un cadou pentru fiica sa. Ea vrea să-i cumpere o rochie şi o pereche de pantofi. Training Exercise 9 Write a short story on the topics: 1. How you usually go shopping. 2. How the members of your family go shopping. Extra Vocabulary market – piață, târg cabbage – varză carrot – morcov parsley – pătrunjel a bunch of – un mănunchi de, un bichet de dill – mărar banana – banană pear – pară, prăsadă Would you like to ... - Ți-ar plăcea să ...? butcher – măcelar pork – carne de porc pig – porc beef – carne de vită
cow – vacă mutton – carne de oaie sheep – oaie juice – suc water – apă a bottle of – o sticlă de wine – vin greengrocer – zarzavagiu garlic – usturoi onion – ceapă plum – prună nut – nucă grapefruit – grepfrut grapes – struguri, poamă srawberry – căpușună
grocer – băcan oil – ulei sugar – zahăr coffee – cafea flour – făină milk – lapte cocao – cacao salt – sare
rice – orez egg – opu chemist – farmacist medicine – medicament, medicină pill – tabletă, pilulă toothpaste – pastă de dinți soap - săpun Exercise 1
Read and translate the texts below: Going Shopping Text One Today is Saturday and we are going shopping. We usually go shopping to the central Market. “Did you do the shopping list?” “Yes, I did and we have a lot of shopping to do. First, we have to buy some potatoes, tomatoes, a cabbage, some carrots, parsley and a bunch of dill.” “Do you want to buy some fruits, too?” “Yes, of course. I would rather buy some apples, oranges, bananas and pears.” “Would you like to go to the butchers? We need some meat, too.” “Yes, we can buy some pork, beef and mutton.” “Good, let’s buy them.” “I also want to buy some juice, mineral water and a bottle of wine.” Terxt Two “What can we buy from the greengrocer’s?” “You can buy vegetables and fruits.” “What vegetables can we buy?” “You can buy: potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage, carrots, parsley, dill, garlic and onion.” “And what about fruits?” “Yes, you can buy apples, pears, plums, oranges, bananas, nuts, grapefruit, grapes, strawberries and lemons.”
“But what can we buy from the butcher’s?” “You can buy meat: pork, beef or mutton.” “And what can we buy from the grocer’s?” “You can buy: oil, sugar, coffee, tea, flour, milk, cocao, salt, rice and eggs.” “And from the chemist’s?” “You can buy medicines: pills, toothpaste, soap, etc.” “OK, now it is all clear to me.” Extra Grammar The Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense - Describes an action which happened in the past Affirmative e.g. He walked to school last week. I went to the theatre two days ago. Negative e.g. He did not come to the party. They did not call us last month. Interrogative e.g. Did you travel by plane? Yes, we did. or No we didn’t. Did they tell you the news? The verb „to stay” I stayed You stayed He stayed She stayed
I didn’t stay Did I stay you didn’t stay Did you stay? He didn’t stay Did he stay? She didn’t stay Did she stay?
We stayed You stayed They stayed
We didn’t stay Did we stay? You didn’t stay Did you stay? They didn’y stay Did they stay?
The verbs „to be”, „to have” and „to do” Affirmative I You He, she, it We You They
was were was were were were
had had had
did did did
had had had
did did did
Negative I You He, she, it
wasn’t weren’t wasn’t
didn’t have didn’t do didn’t have didn’t do didn’t have didn’t do
We You They
weren’t weren’t weren’t
didn’t have didn’t have didn’t have
didn’t do didn’t do didn’t do
Interrogative Was I ? Did I have? Were you? Did you have? Was he, she, it? Did he, she, it have? Were we? Were you? Were they?
Did we have? Did you have? Did they have?
Did I do? Did you do? Did he, she, it do? Did we do? Did you do? Did they do?
Irregular Verb „to buy” Affirmative I You He, she, it
bought bought bought
Negative didn’t buy didn’t buy didn’t buy
Interrogative Did I buy? Did you buy? Did he, she, it buy?
We You They
bought bought bought
didn’t buy didn’t buy didn’t buy
Did we buy? Did you buy? Did they buy?
Regular Verb „to walk” Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
I You He, she, it
walked walked walked
didn’t walk didn’t walk didn’t walk
Did I walk? Did you walk? Did he, she, it walk?
We You They
walked walked walked
didn’t walk didn’t walk didn’t walk
Did we walk? Did you walk? Did they walk?
The Past Indefinite (Simple) is used with the following words and word combinations: yesterday, last week, last month, last year, a week ago, a month ago, a year ago, a long time ago, last Monday etc. e.g. Yesterday I arrived in London. We saw a film last week. He sent me a letter six months ago. Victor left ten minutes ago Exercise 1 Transform the sentences above into negative and interrogative. Exercise 2 Read and translate the dialogues below: Fred: Did you go enjoy the cake? Jane: Yes, I did. George: Did you go to the theatre? Jane: No, I didn’t. Amy: Were you at home last night? Mary: No, I away. Amy: Where were you?
Mary: I went to the market to buy some fruits and vegetable and then I met my friend July. Amy: How is July? Mary: She’s fine, except that she has a flue. Amy: Where did she get it from? Mary: She got it from work. Amy: You have to be careful these days. Exercise 3 Put the verbs from brackets in the Past Indefinite (Simple): 1. He (to be) In Washington last week. 2. We (to visit) our grandparents two days ago. 3. Mary (not to come) to us last night. 4. Victor (to go) to Paris in 2015? 5. John (to meet) Cristina when he (to go) to work. 6. Lena (to finish) to make her dress yesterday. 7. They (not to learn) German last summer. 8. It (to rain) a lot two days ago. 9. Where you (to live) when (to study) at the universuty? 10. My father (to make) that table from the corner. Exercise 4 Translate into English: 1. Seara trecută am privit televizorul. 2. Băieții au jucat fotbal acun două săptămâni. 3. Ieri am citit o carte interesantă. 4. Anul trecut au locuit la Roma. 5. Am călătorit cu trenul acum o lună. 6. Voi ați servit cina la ora 7 seara. 7. Săptămâna trecută ne-am văzut colegii. 8. Vinerea trecută am cumpărat câteva cărți englezești. 9. Aseară m-am culcat târziu. 10. Săptămâna trecută mi-am văzut rudele. 11. Fred a alergat aseară în parc. 12. Anul trecut am fost în Spania.
Exercise 5 Translate into Romanian: 1. Jane came to visit me. 2. Mary went to school yesterday morning. 3. My parents were at the theatre last night. 4. You didn’t have to do that. 5. Tom had a dog last year. 6. Paul worked in the garden yesterday. 7. They wrote a letter. 8. I finished to read the book last Wednesday. 9. When did you see me last time? 10. Last night I heard some strange noises. Conversation Practice Exercise 1 Read and translate the dialogues below: 1. A: Excuse me! Is there a newsagent’s near here? B: Yes, It’s in Church Street. Take the first turning to the right. It is next to the music shop. 2. A: Is there a post office near here? B: Go straight ahead and it’s on the left, next to the pub. A: Thanks a lot. 3. A: Excuse me! Is there a cafe near here? B: There is an Internet café in Park Lane next to the bank, and there’s an Italian restaurant in Church Street next to the Travel Agent’s. A: Is that one far? B: No. Just two minutes, that’s all. Vocabulary Newsagent’s – depozitar de ziare near here – prin apropiere church – biserică turning – viraj to the right – la dreapta next to – următorul după music shop – magazin de muzică
post office – oficiul poștal sraight ahead – drept înainte pub – crâșmă cafe – cafenea lane – alee Travel Agent’s – agenție de turizm far – departe
Exercise 2 Complete Emma and Marco’s conversation, using: was, were, weren’t or couldn’t E: ..... you at Chalotte’s party last Saturday? M: Yes, I .... E: .... it good? M: Well, it .... OK. E: ... there many people? M: Yes, there .... E: ... Pascal there? M: No, he ..... And where .... you? Why ..... you there? E: Oh. I ...... go because I ... at Sergio’s party! It ... brilliant! Exercise 3 Read and translate the text: The Soul Singer Joss Stone was born in Devon in the south of England. She lives with her family in a small village in the English countryside. But she also works in New York. She sings at the Beacon Theatre on Broadway. She is a shy seventeen-year-old with a fantastic voice. Joss could sing very well when she was a little girl Her parents couldn’t believe it. She says: „No one in our family can sing – only me. My mum can’t sing a note!” Later at school, her friends couldn’t understand soul music. Last month she was in New York to make a record. „I was worried about it. But people like it, so I’m very happy at the moment.” Vocabulary to be born – a se naște south – sud England – Anglia village – sat countryside – țară, provincie beacon – far shy – timid, rușinos, rușinoasă voice – voce
to sing – a cânta to believe – a crede mum – mămica to understand – a înțelege soul – suflet record – disc to worry – a se neliniști happy – fericit, -ă
