Environmental Impact of Non-Ferrous

?>

<2+ Kjk!gl~~j|s al}hds Ojk}lk}s !

R~lw`j|s ! Klv}

Ojk}lk}s

8+ _ojrl >+ Lkw`~jkalk}hd `arho}s hkm r~j}lo}`wl alhs|~ls

>+8 Hd|a`k`|a lv}~ho}`jk >+> Flhwp al}hd j~l sald}`ke >+? _lojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s >+= Kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd sla`g`k`sf`ke uj~cs ?+ Kj}ls jk }fl hkhdps`s hkm lwhd|h}`jk jg lkw`~jkalk}hd `arho}s =+ @k}l~ho}`jk u`}f j}fl~ slo}j~s <+ _|aah~p hsslssalk} jg lkw`~jkalk}hd ~ldlwhkol 7+ ^lgl~lkols

_}h}|}j~p r~jw`s`jks$ ~le|dh}`jks _o`lk}`g`o*}lofk`ohd rhrl~s

8+ _ojrl

_`kol }fl kjk!gl~~j|s al}hds slo}j~ ojwl~s h a|d}`}|ml jg `km`w`m|hd r~jm|o}s$ ofh~el ah}l~`hds$ g|lds hkm r~jolssls$ }f`s n~`lg ohk jkdp mlhd u`}f h glu lvhardls jg }fl r~`ko`rhd `km|s}~`hd kjk!gl~~j|s al}hds+ Lkw`~jkalk}hd `arho}s hkm r~j}lo}`jk alhs|~ls `k }fl r~jm|o}`jk hkm r~jolss`ke jg  hd|a`k`|a$ ojrrl~$ dlhm hkm y`ko h~l mlhd} u`}f hs ~lr~lslk}h}`wl jg }fl dh~el k|anl~ jg j}fl~ kjk! gl~~j|s al}hds hs uldd+ ]fl kjk!gl~~j|s al}hds slo}j~ ojar~`sls }fl s|nm`w`s`jks9

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &8 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

! sald}`ke jg hrr~jr~`h}ldp r~l}~lh}lm r~`ah~p ~hu al}hds }j r~jm|ol al}hds

! r~jolss`ke ~lopod`ke ah}l~`hd `k slojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s$ hkm ! r~jolss`ke jg al}hds }j r~jm|ol s}hkmh~m ojaal~o`hd n`ddl}s hkm ndhkcs+

>+ Lkw`~jkalk}hd `arho}s hkm r~j}lo}`wl alhs|~ls

]fl gjddju`ke mlhds r~`ah~`dp u`}f }fl lkw`~jkalk}hd gho}j~s h~`s`ke `k }fl hrrd`oh}`jk jg o|~~lk} s}hkmh~m r~jolssls+ Gj~ r~jilo}s |s`ke rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls }flsl h~l r~`ah~`dp h`~ r~j}lo}`jk alhs|~ls3 sdhes h~l hdsj r~jm|olm uf`of$ mlrlkm`ke jk }fl`~ ojarjs`}`jk$ ohk nl h mhkel~ }j sj`d$ uh}l~ hkm d`w`ke }f`kes+ @k fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd }~lh}alk} r~jolssls$ alhs|~ls }j r~j}lo} uh}l~ hkm sj`d r~lmja`kh}l+ _`kol ajs} r~jolssls elkl~h}l kj`sl$ }fl rjss`n`d`}p jg kj`sl rjdd|}`jk joo|~~`ke nj}f `k }fl uj~c!rdhol hkm `k }fl kl`efnj|~fjjm a|s} nl }hclk `k}j hooj|k}+ Kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd r~jm|o}`jk rdhk}s joo|rp h ojks`ml~hndl haj|k} jg  srhol }j hoojaajmh}l }fl uj~cs s`}l u`}f hmij`k`ke h~lhs hkm ojkklo}`ke ~jhms+ M`ggl~lk} x|hk}`}`ls jg lkl~ep h~l ~lx|`~lm mlrlkm`ke jk }fl r~jm|o}`jk r~jolss+ ]fl ofj`ol jg djoh}`jk rh~}dp mlrlkms jk }fl hwh`dhn`d`}p jg s|gg`o`lk} dju!ojs} ldlo}~`o`}p$ l+e+ `k }fl ohsl jg hd|a`k`|a r~jm|o}`jk+ Hk lkohrs|dh}lm g|~khol r~jm|o`ke hd|a`k`|a np `eklj|s ldlo}~jdps`s$ u`}f h o|~~lk} djhm jg >22 cH hkm m+o+ wjd}hel jg =+> W ~lx|`~ls hrr~jv`ah}ldp 8? cUf*ce hd|a`k`|a+ Y`ko r~jm|o}`jk u`}f }fl s}hels jg ~jhs}`ke$ dlhof`ke$ kl|}~hd`yh}`jk$ dlhofh}l odlhk`ke hkm ldlo}~jdps`s ~lx|`~ls = cUf*ce y`ko+ Whd|ls gj~ ojrrl~ r~jm|o}`jk h~l sjalufh} f`efl~+ Lkl~ep ~lx|`~lalk}s jg  slojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s h~l ojks`ml~hndp djul~9 >2, jg }fl r~`ah~p sald}`ke lkl~ep ~lx|`~lalk} u`}f 822, so~hr ojrrl~$ h~j|km =2, u`}f 822, so~hr y`ko hkm 82, u`}f 822, so~hr hd|a`k`|a+ >+8 Hd|a`k`|a lv}~ho}`jk ]fl Nhpl~ r~jolss `s |slm hdajs} lvod|s`wldp gj~ r~jm|o`ke hd|a`k`|a jv`ml$ }fl ofh~el ah}l~`hd gj~ r~`ah~p hd|a`k`|a sald}`ke rdhk}s+ Nh|v`}l `s }~lh}lm u`}f sjmh dpl |kml~ r~lss|~l hkm flh} `k h|}jodhwls }j r~jm|ol hd|a`k`|a fpm~jv`ml hkm ~lm a|m+ ]fl dh}}l~ `s slrh~h}lm$ uhsflm hkm g`d}l~lm$ hkm ahp nl ~lopodhndl j~ ahp fhwl }j nl m|arlm+ Hg}l~ slm`alk}h}`jk hkm g`d}~h}`jk$ }fl hd|a`k`|a fpm~jv`ml `s ojkwl~}lm }j hd|a`k`|a jv`ml &hd|a`kh) np gd|`m`ylm nlm ohdo`kh}`jk h} h~j|km 8822²O+ Dh~el x|hk}`}`ls jg  ~lm a|m &8 ! > }*m Hd >J?) h~l r~jm|olm+ Mlrlkm`ke jk `}s ojarjs`}`jk hkm }fl s`}|h}`jk `k }fl oj|k}~p `k x|ls}`jk$ `} sfj|dm nl |slm gj~ lv}~ho}`ke hd|a`k`|a jv`ml hkm `~jk$ r~jm|o`ke gdjoo|dh}`jk helk}s gj~ uhs}luh}l~ odlhk`ke j~ }fl ahk|gho}|~l jg n|`dm`ke ah}l~`hds+ ^lm a|m uf`of ohkkj} nl g|~}fl~ r~jolsslm a|s} nl m|arlm+ Ufl~l `} `s s}j~lm jk h m|ar$ srlo`hd ~lx|`~lalk}s a|s} nl al} `k ~lsrlo} jg slhd`ke hkm }~lh}alk} jg rl~ojdh}`jk uh}l~+ M|ar`ke sfj|dm nl f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &> jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

jk h s`kedl!r|~rjsl m|ar s|nilo} }j ojk}`k|j|s s|rl~w`s`jk+ H ojks`ml~hndl haj|k} jg g`kl m|s} ahp nl r~jm|olm |rjk djhm`ke$ |kdjhm`ke hkm }~hksrj~} jg g`kl! e~h`klm ah}l~`hds &nh|v`}l$ hd|a`kh) |kdlss lkodjslm ojkwlpj~ sps}las hkm s|`}hndl s}j~hel gho`d`}`ls h~l r~jw`mlm+ Uhs}l ehs g~ja }fl ohdo`kh}`jk g|~khols ojk}h`ks m|s} u`}f hk hd|a`k`|a jv`ml ojk}lk} uf`of `s mlrjs`}lm `k m~p g`d}l~s hkm ~lo`~o|dh}lm+ M|s} la`ss`jks `k odlhklm uhs}l ehs h~l |kml~ <2 ae*  a?+ ]fl r~jolss ajs} ojaajkdp |slm gj~ lv}~ho}`ke r|~l hd|a`k`|a `s `eklj|s ldlo}~jdps`s+ Hd|a`k`|a jv`ml h} hrr~jv`ah}ldp 0<2²O `s m`ssjdwlm `k h ajd}lk a`v}|~l jg hd|a`k`|a gd|j~`ml hkm o~pjd`}l hkm slrh~h}lm np m`~lo} o|~~lk} `k}j r|~l hd|a`k`|a hkm jvpelk+ ]fl d`x|`m hd|a`k`|a `s rl~`jm`ohddp m~huk jgg hkm ohs}+ ]fl gjddju`ke la`ss`jks hkm ~hu ah}l~`hds joo|~ u`}f }fl lv}~ho}`jk jg r|~l hd|a`k`|a9 ! r~`ah~p hd|a`kh m|s} m|~`ke s}j~hel$ }~hksrj~} hkm ofh~e`ke3

! r~`ah~p m|s} m|~`ke hkjml r~jm|o}`jk &rl}~jdl|a ojcl l}o+)3 ! wjdh}`dl n`km`ke helk}s$ gd|j~`kl g~ja hkjml ~ls`m|ls `k }fl uhs}l ehs g~ja }fl hkjml n|~k`ke c`dks3 ! gd|j~`mls &m|s} hkm ehslj|s gj~a) `k }fl rj} uhs}l ehs ojk}h`k`ke OJ*OJ >3 fpm~jelk gd|j~`ml ehs `s f`efdp oj~~js`wl$ fh~ag|d }j flhd}f hkm }fl lkw`~jkalk} &hdsj hgglo}s rdhk} e~ju}f)3 ! |slm oh}fjmls$ ojk}h`k`ke gd|j~`ml3 ! g|~khol n~lhchel ah}l~`hds u`}f gd|j~`ml ojarjklk}s3 ! uhs}luh}l~+ ]fl gjddju`ke `km`w`m|hd r~j}lo}`jk alhs|~ls h~l klolssh~p9 G`kl m|s}9 \sl jg lkodjslm ojkwlp`ke sps}las &l+e+ rkl|ah}`o ojkwlpj~s)+ Hkjml r~jm|o}`jk9 Lv}~ho}`jk jg m|s} hkm ehslj|s la`ss`jks$ ldlo}~js}h}`o uhs}l ehs odlhk`ke$ ul}! ofla`ohd gd|j~`kl slrh~h}`jk+ \sl jg ghn~`o g`d}l~s rl~a`}s odlhk ehs m|s} ojkolk}~h}`jks jg |kml~ >2 ae*  a? hkm gd|j~`kl ojk}lk}s jg |kml~ 8 ae*a ?+ Rj}s9 Rj} lkohrs|dh}`jk u`}f hkjml ehs lv}~ho}`jk hkm uhs}l ehs odlhk`ke$ ul} ofla`ohd gd|j~`kl ~lopod`ke j~ ojan`klm mlm|s}`ke hkm m~p hnsj~r}`jk `k }fl Hd >J? gd|`m`ylm nlm u`}f m`~lo} ~lo`~o|dh}`jk+ Ul} ofla`ohd slrh~h}`jk u`}f uh}l~ ~lo`~o|dh}`jk r~jm|ols h sd|mel uf`of$ hg}l~ m~p`ke$ ohk jkdp nl rh~}dp ~l}|~klm }j }fl r~jolss+ M~p hnsj~r}`jk hkm ~l}|~k jg }fl g`d}l~ m|s} }j }fl r~jolss `s r~lgl~hndl hs }f`s ~ld`lwls }fl n|~mlk jk }fl uh}l~ o`~o|`}+ Odlhk ehs m|s} ojk}lk}s jg |kml~ ?2 ae*a ? hkm gd|j~`kl ojarj|kms jg |kml~ 8 ae*a ? h~l jn}h`klm u`}f lkohslm$ olk}~hddp ojk}~jddlm$ dh~el!ohrho`}p g|~khols u`}f ojar|}l~`slm uhs}l ehs ~le|dh}`jk hkm m~p hnsj~r}`jk u`}f ghn~`o g`d}l~+ f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &? jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

Oldd fj|sl9 _fjr h`~ lv}~ho}`jk hkm odlhk`ke `s ojar|dsj~p u`}f kjk!lkohslm g|~khols+ Ohk nl ~l}~jg`}}lm+ Oh}fjml hkm g|~khol M|ar`ke jkdp jk srlo`hddp r~j}lo}lm$ s`kedl!r|~rjsl n~lhchel9 m|ars O~pjd`}l$ |slm hs h gd|v`ke helk} gj~ }fl ldlo}~jdps`s$ ohk nl jn}h`klm np r~jolss`ke &gd|j~`kl ~lopod`ke)+ Uhs}luh}l~9 ]fl m`sofh~el jg uhs}luh}l~ g~ja hd|a`k`|a jv`ml r~jm|o}`jk hkm hd|a`k`|a sald}`ke a|s} sh}`sgp }fl ~lx|`~lalk}s dh`m mjuk |kml~ }fl elkl~hddp ~lojek`slm s}hkmh~ms ~leh~m`ke ofla`ohd jvpelk mlahkm gj~ hd|a`k`|a hkm gd|j~`mls+ U`}f ~lsrlo} }j kj`sl$ h m`s}`ko}`jk `s ahml nl}ullk kj`sl la`ss`jks hgglo}`ke }fl kl`efnj|~fjjm hkm }fjsl hgglo}`ke }fl uj~crdhol+ La`ss`jk g~ja ah`k kj`sl sj|~ols ohk nl ~ls}~`o}lm np lkohrs|dh}`jk hkm np alhks jg s`dlkol~s jk h`~ `k}hcls hkm j|}dl}s+ H kj`sl ~lm|o}`jk rdhk sfj|dm nl r~lrh~lm m|~`ke }fl rdhkk`ke rfhsl+ >+> Flhwp al}hd j~l sald}`ke ]fl ojarjs`}`jk jg }fl ojkolk}~h}ls j~ ~hu ah}l~`hds `s o~|o`hd gj~ }fl hrrd`ohndl sald}`ke r~jolss hkm }f|s hdsj gj~ }fl kh}|~l hkm x|hk}`}p jg }fl lkw`~jkalk}hd rjdd|}hk}s h~`s`ke+ _|drf`m`o j~l ojkolk}~h}ls h~l }f|s ajs}dp sald}lm np rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls$ uf`ds} fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls h~l lardjplm gj~ jv`m`o$ s|drf`m`o!jv`m`o hkm ojardlv j~ls+ Ojan`klm r~jolssls h~l hdsj |slm `k uf`of$ gj~ `ks}hkol$ ah}l~`hd ~jhs}lm np h rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd

r~jolss |kml~ejls g|~}fl~ }~lh}alk} np fpm~jal}hdd|~ep+ ]fl ofh~el ah}l~`hd `s j~l lk~`oflm np nlklg`o`h}`jk+ •

Rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolss s}hels

^jhs}`ke9 Rh~}`hd j~ }j}hd mls|drf|~`yh}`jk &mlhm ~jhs}`ke) jg }fl ofh~el ah}l~`hd3 _`k}l~ ~jhs}`ke9 ^jhs}`ke jg s|drf|~ u`}f hma`ss`jk jg h`~ &ojkwl~s`jk jg s|drf`mls }j al}hd jv`mls hkm _J> ehs) u`}f s`a|d}hklj|s heedjal~h}`jk jg }fl ~jhs}lm ah}l~`hd gj~ |sl `k sfhg} g|~khols3 ^jdd`ke9 Al}hd jv`ml lk~`ofalk} np ojk}~jddlm wjdh}`d`yh}`jk &Yk)3 _ald}`ke9 _lrh~h}`jk jg ehke|l &sdhes)9 r~jm|o}`jk jg f`ef e~hml al}hd s|drf`mls &O| >_) np rh~}`hd ojan|s}`jk jg }fl s|drf|~ ojk}lk} hkm ~lm|o}`jk jg al}hd jv`mls &RnJ$ YkJ) |kml~ ojcl ojan|s}`jk u`}f h`~ hma`ss`jk3 G|a`ke9 Ojkwl~s`jk jg al}hd s|drf`ml }j al}hd `k h ojkwl~}l~3

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &= jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

Rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd Odlhk`ke ajd}lk al}hd jg jvpelk$ s|drf|~$ `ar|~`}`ls ~lg`k`ke9 ~ lg`k`ke9 hkm }~har al}hds np `k}l~al}hdd`o r~lo`r`}h}`jk$ sdhee`ke hkm*j~ wjdh}`d`yh}`jk3 _dhe odlhk`ke9 ]fl~ahd r~jolss`ke jg sdhes }j lv}~ho} al}hd ojarjklk}s+ K|al~j|s la`ss`jks hkm ~ls`m|hd ah}l~`hds joo|~ u`}f }fl hnjwl r~jolssls9 ! Uhs}l ehsls jg wh~`j|s j~`e`ks ! R~`ah~p m|s} g~ja }fl ofh~el ah}l~`hd$ ! M|s}s g~ja wjdh}`d`ylm al}hds$ `kod|m`ke dlhm$ y`ko$ h~slk`o$ }`k$ ohma`|a$ al~o|~p$ sldlk`|a$ }ldd|~`|a hkm }fl`~ ojarj|kms &ojkmlkslm hg}l~ ojjd`ke)$ ! ehslj|s ah}l~`hds `kod|m`ke _J >$ FOd$ FG$ OJ$ OJ >3 ! Uhs}luh}l~ g~ja ojjdhk} o`~o|`}s hkm uhs}l ehs so~|nn`ke3 ! G`khd sdhes u`}f ~ls`m|hd al}hd ojk}lk}s$ s|drfh}ls$ s|drf`mls3 rjss`n`d`}p jg  rjdpofdj~`kh}lm m`nlkyj!m`jv`ks m`nlkyj!m`jv`ks hkm !g|~hks u`}f ofdj~`kh}`ke al}fjms &l+e+ ojrrl~ ~jhs} dlhof`ke r~jolss)3 ! G|~khol n~lhchel ah}l~`hds$ ojk}h`k`ke h~slk`o$ dlhm$ ohma`|a$ al~o|~p hkm ophk`ml+ Gj~ r~j}lo}`wl alhs|~ls }j nl lgglo}`wl$ `} `s lsslk}`hd }fh} hdd la`ss`jks$ `kod|m`ke m`gg|sl la`ss`jks jg  ehs hkm m|s}$ nl lgg`o`lk}dp `k}l~olr}lm h} }fl`~ rj`k}s jg j~`e`k+ M`gg|sl la`ss`jks ohk nl `k}l~olr}lm np fjjms$ ojwl~s j~ lkohrs|dh}`jk$ hdsj np ojks}~|o}`jkhd alhs|~ls s|of hs lkohslalk} jg ojkwlpj~ nld}s j~ lkodjslm nhps+ ^jhs}`ke g|~khols sfj|dm kj} nl j|}mjj~ `ks}hddh}`jks+ M|s}9 Uhs}l ehsls h~l kj~ahddp mlm|s}lm `k m~p g`d}l~ g `d}l~ sps}las &opodjkls$ ldlo}~js}h}`o r~lo`r`}h}j~s$ ghn~`o g`d}l~s)+ Mlm|s}`ke lgg`o`lkop jg |r }j 00+0, `s rjss`ndl$ n|} mlrlkms jk }fl rl~a`ss`ndl sjd`m j~ rjdd|}hk} ojk}lk}+ M|s}s ohk hdsj nl slrh~h}lm u`}f ghn~`o g`d}l~s `k dlhm sald}`ke rdhk}s+ Ejjm slrh~h}`jk lgg`o`lkop `s rh~}`o|dh~dp `arj~}hk} gj~ }fl lkw`~jkalk} nloh|sl uhs}l ehs g~ja s ald}`ke ojk}h`ks }jv`o s|ns}hkols s|of hs h~slk`o$ hk}`ajkp hkm dlhm `k }fl gj~a jg g`kl m|s}+ F`ef!rl~gj~ahkol g`d}l~`ke slrh~h}j~s fhwl r~jwlm lgglo}`wl gj~ g`kl m|s} slrh~h}`jk+ M|s} ~lopod`ke gj~ lk~`of`ke hkm ~lojwl~`ke al}hds+ _lrh~h}l rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd j~ fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolss`ke jg }~har al}hds$ gj~ lvhardl Hs$ Om+ Ghn~`o g`d}l~s h~l }fl r~`ko`rhd al}fjm jg m|s} slrh~h}`jk+ Odlhk ehs m|s} ojk}lk}s jg 82 ae*a ? ohk nl jn}h`klm+ Nls} whd|ls h~l h~j|km 8 ae*a ?$ l+e+ `k dlhm sald}`ke rdhk}s+ _J> ehs9 ^lajwlm np uhs}l ehs so~|nn`ke gjddjulm np kl|}~hd`yh}`jk+ _J > ojkolk}~h}`jks `k uhs}l ehs jg jwl~ ?+<, h~l s|`}hndl gj~ s|drf|~`o ho`m r~jm|o}`jk+ @k ol~}h`k o`~o|as}hkols d`x|`m _J >$ eprs|a j~ ldlalk}h~p s|drf|~ ohk nl r~jm|olm hs h rjss`ndl r~ld`a`kh~p s}hel gj~ `km|s}~`hd |shel+ Ul} ofla`ohd uhs}l ehs odlhk`ke r~jolssls h~l |slm gj~ djul~ _J > ojkolk}~h}`jks+ Jkdp d`a`}lm _J > ojkolk}~h}`jks hkm jwl~hdd x|hk}`}`ls ahp nl m`sofh~elm w`h of`aklps+

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &< jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

J`d a`s}s9 @g j`d a`s}s h~l r~lslk} `k }fl uhs}l ehsls g~ja sfhg} g|~khols jk hooj|k} jg }fl ofh~el ah}l~`hd$ uhs}l ehsls a|s} |kml~ej }fl~ahd hg}l~n|~k`ke+ G`khd sdhes* _dhes hkm g|~khol n~lhchel ah}l~`hd sfj|dm nl s}j~lm g|~khol n~lhchel9 `k h srlo`hddp r~j}lo}lm s`kedl!r|~rjsl m|ar$ s`kol }jv`o hkm uh}l~!rjdd|}`ke s|ns}hkols s|of hs flhwp al}hds ahp nl ~ldlhslm }f~j|ef dlhof`ke hkm ulh}fl~`ke+ Mlrlkm`ke jk ~ls`m|hd al}hd ojk}lk} hkm ojkolk}~h}`jks jg j}fl~ s|ns}hkols s|of hs s|drf`mls$ s|drfh}ls$ m`jv`ks hkm g|~hks$ ahp rjss`ndp nl |slm gj~ ~jhm ojks}~|o}`jk j~ ~lr~jolss`ke$ j~ ahp fhwl }j nl m`soh~mlm+ Uhs}luh}l~9 Uhs}luh}l~ g~ja uhs}l ehs so~|nn`ke hkm sdhe e~hk|dh}`jk `s rjdd|}lm u`}f flhwp al}hds+ M`ssjdwlm hkm |km`ssjdwlm al}hdd`o ojarj|kms `k ojaa|khd }~lh}alk} rdhk}s dlhm }j lvolss`wl al}hd ojkolk}~h}`jks `k sluhel sd|mels$ ~ls}~`o}`ke j~ r~lwlk}`ke he~`o|d}|~hd |sl+ Alhs|~ls gj~ ~lm|o`ke ~ lm|o`ke rjdd|}hk} djhms `kod|ml a`k`a`y`ke uhs}luh}l~ wjd|al}~`o gdju np ~lo`~o|dh}`jk$ ~lopod`ke jg }~lh}lm uhs}luh}l~ hkm slrh~h}`ke uhs}luh}l~ ~lx|`~`ke }~lh}alk} g~ja }fh} kj} ~lx|`~`ke }~lh}alk}+ Lv}~laldp f`ef s}hkmh~ms a|s} nl hrrd`lm }j }fl m`sofh~el jg uhs}luh}l~ u`}f al}hd ojarj|kms }jv`o }j f|ahks hkm }fl lojsps}la+ _}h}l!jg!}fl!h~} uhs}luh}l~ }~lh}alk} sps}las `kod|ml sldlo}`wl `jk lvofhkel~s$ a`o~jg`d}~h}`jk sps}las$ ~lwl~shd jsajs`s hkm }fl~ahd ojkolk}~h}`jk r~jolssls+ R~jm|o}`jk!srlo`g`o ojkolk}~h}`jks jg ohma`|a$ al~o|~p$ dlhm$ y`ko$ h~slk`o$ ojrrl~$ k`ocld hkm of~ja`|a sfj|dm nl d`a`}lm+ _`ek`g`ohk} uhs}l ehs hkm la`ss`jk ~lm|o}`jks h~l hof`lwlm np ojan`k`ke slwl~hd r~jolss s}lrs `k ajml~k r~jolssls s|of hs }fl gdhsf opodjkl ~lho}j~ hkm }fl gdhsf sald}`ke al}fjm+ ]~`hds `k h ojrrl~ sald}`ke rdhk} hkm h dlhm sald}`ke rdhk} p`ldmlm ~lm|o}`jks jg 5<,+ •

Fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls

Ofh~el ah}l~`hds h~l jv`m`o j~ls$ r~l}~lh}lm s|drf`m`o j~l ojkolk}~h}ls uf`of ohk nl

fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohddp }~lh}lm$ j~ s|drf`m`o ojkolk}~h}ls uf`of |kml~ej jv`m`y`ke dlhof`ke+ Fpm~jal}hdd|~ep r~jolssls hdsj `kod|ml lv}~ho}`jk hkm ~lg`klalk} ~ lg`klalk} ldlo}~jdps`s+ Dlhof`ke9 ]~lh}alk} hkm d`v`w`h}`jk jg }fl al}hds }j nl ~lojwl~lm$ l+e+ u`}f m`d|}l s|drf|~`o ho`m gj~ y`ko r~jm|o}`jk+ Gj~ m|ar dlhof`ke `k }fl ohsl jg wl~p dju!e~hml j~ls &nj}}ja slhd`ke klolssh~p gj~ sj`d hkm e~j|km uh}l~ r~j}lo}`jk)3 Lk~`ofalk}9 Ojkolk}~h}`jk jg ulhc sjd|}`jks np gd|`m lv}~ho}`jk$ |s`ke hk j~ehk`o sjdwlk} u`}f s`a|d}hklj|s dlhofh}l odlhk`ke+ Odlhk`ke9 _lrh~h}`jk jg hoojarhkp`ke s|ns}hkols hkm `ar|~`}`ls np sjd`ms!gd|`m lv}~ho}`jk hkm*j~ r~lo`r`}h}`jk &fpm~jv`ml j~ s|drf`ml r~lo`r`}h}`jk$ olalk}h}`jk)3 Lv}~ho}`jk9 Ldlo}~jdp}`o al}hd mlrjs`}`jk u`}f `ksjd|ndl hkjmls &l+e+ u`}f Yk$ O|)3 f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &7 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

^lg`k`ke9 Ldlo}~jdp}`o al}hd mlrjs`}`jk u`}f sjd|ndl hkjmls &l+e+ u`}f O|$ Rn)+ ]fl gjddju`ke lkw`~jkalk}hddp ~ldlwhk} la`ss`jks hkm s|ns}hkols ahp nl r~jm|olm u`}f }fl hnjwl r~jolssls9 Uhs}luh}l~9 E~lh}l~ j~ dlssl~ x|hk}`}`ls jg yjj}jv`o hkm rfp}j}jv`o flhwp al}hd ojarjklk}s ahp nl r~lslk} `k }fl uhs}luh}l~$ mlrlkm`ke jk }fl ofh~el ah}l~`hds+ Dlhofh}l ~ls`m|ls9 Dlhofh}l ~ls`m|ls ojk}h`k al}hdd`o ojarj|kms fh~ag|d }j }fl lkw`~jkalk}+ Uhs}l ehsls9 _|drf|~`o ho`m a`s}s h~l r~jm|olm `k }fl lv}~ho}`jk ldlo}~jdps`s3 al}hd!ojk}h`k`ke whrj|~s$ whrj|~s$ l+e+ `k o~|ml ojrrl~ hkjml g|~khols3 j~ehk`o sjdwlk}s$ l+e+ vl~js`k$ m|~`ke d`x|`m lv}~ho}`jk `k }fl lk~`ofalk} r~jolss+ Hkjml sd|mel9 ]f`s sd|mel ojk}h`ks al}hds hkm al}hd ojarj|kms$ l+e+ ejdm$ s`dwl~$ dlhm$ }`k$ h~slk`o$ hk}`ajkp+ _rlk} ldlo}~jdp}l9 ]fl ldlo}~jdp}l ojk}h`ks m`ssjdwlm al}hdd`o ojarj|kms jg `~jk$ k`ocld$ y`ko$ h~slk`o hkm ojnhd}+ ]fl gjddju`ke `km`w`m|hd r~j}lo}`jk alhs|~ls h~l klolssh~p9 Uhs}luh}l~9 ]fl uhs}luh}l~ wjd|al a|s} nl ~lm|olm np hrr~jr~`h}l alhs|~ls$ l+e+ ~lo`~o|dh}`jk$ ~lopod`ke+ Uhs}luh}l~ ojk}h`k`ke flhwp al}hd rjdd|}hk}s a|s} nl }~lh}lm np s}h}l!jg!}fl!h~} al}fjms+ Uhs}luh}l~ ojk}ha`kh}lm u`}f l+e+ ohma`|a hkm al~o|~p a|s} nl ofhkklddlm hkm }~lh}lm slrh~h}ldp+ Gj~ uhs}luh}l~ }~lh}alk}$ lsrlo`hddp dju r~jm|o}`jk!srlo`g`o ojkolk}~h}`jks h~l }j nl s}`r|dh}lm$ u`}f ~ls`m|hd ojkolk}~h}`jks jg |kml~ 8 ae*d Om hkm |kml~ 2+8 ae*d Fe }j nl hof`lwlm+ _|`}hndl r~jolssls `kod|ml `jk lvofhkel$ |d}~hg`d}~h}`jk hkm ldlo}~jdps`s+ Dlhofh}l ~ls`m|ls9 ^ls`m|ls a|s} nl ojkwl~}lm np uhsf`ke hkm kl|}~hd`yh}`jk r~jolssls }j gj~a ojarj|kms s|`}hndl gj~ g`khd m|ar`ke+ Ufl~l }lofk`ohddp rjss`ndl$ sjdwlk} ~ls`m|ls h~l }j nl ld`a`kh}lm+ Uhs}l ehsls9 Rl~a`ss`ndl uj~c!rdhol ojkolk}~h}`jks gj~ s|drf|~`o ho`m a`s} ohk nl hof`lwlm np hrr~jr~`h}l ~jja h`~ m|o}`ke hkm$ ufl~l klolssh~p$ uhs}l h`~ so~|nn`ke+ Np lx|`rr`ke h o~|ml ojrrl~ hkjml g|~khol u`}f ghn~`o g`d}l~s$ `} uhs rjss`ndl }j slrh~h}l ehslj|s al}hdd`o ojarj|kms }j odlhk ehs ojkolk}~h}`jks jg 2+228 ae ohma`|a*a ?$ 2+2< ae dlhm*a ? hkm 8+0 ae*  h~slk`o*a?+ U`}f d`x|`m lv}~ho}`jk |s`ke j~ehk`o sjdwlk}s$ r~loh|}`jks a|s} nl }hclk heh`ks} ojan|s}`jk hkm lvrdjs`jk hkm gj~ g`~l g`ef}`ke+ f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &5 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

Hkjml sd|mel* _rlo`hd fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd j~ rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd ldlo}~jdp}l9 alhs|~ls h~l }j nl lardjplm gj~ }fl rfhslm ~lojwl~p jg |slg|d ah}l~`hds hkm }fl lv}~ho}`jk jg }~har al}hds3 l+e+ ldlo}~jdp}`o mlrjs`}`jk jg h~slk`o hkm hk}`ajkp j~ r~lo`r`}h}`jk jg k`ocld$ `~jk j~ ojnhd}+ ]fl lv}~ho}`jk jg y`ko g~ja y`ko ndlkml j~ ehdal` `klw`}hndp p`ldms ? }j = ce ohma`|a rl~ }jkkl jg  y`ko hs hk hddjp ldlalk} `k o~|ml y`ko j~ `k }fl gj~a jg ~ls`m|ls+ Ohma`|a `s lv}~ho}lm `k r~`ah~p y`ko sald}`ke rdhk}s np m~p hkm ul} hnsj~r}`jk r~jolssls+ ]fl elkl~hddp r~lgl~~lm ul} r~jolssls hkm ldlo}~jdp}`o ohma`|a lv}~ho}`jk ~ls|d} `k kj m`~lo} r~jm|o}`jk jg ohma`|a m|s}s+ ]fl uhs}l ehsls ~ls|d}`ke g~ja }fl sald}`ke jg ohma`|a }j r~jm|ol ojaal~o`hd gj~ah}s ohk nl `k}~jm|olm }j }fl h`~ gj~ ~jhs}`ke$ `k j~ml~ }j hof`lwl }j}hd uhs}l ehs odlhk`ke+ M|l }j }fl }jv`o lgglo}s jg ohma`|a$ s}~`o} ~lx|`~lalk}s a|s} nl `arjslm jk uj~c!rdhol fpe`lkl hkm uhs}l h`~ hkm uh}l~ odlhk`ke + @k flhwp al}hd j~l sald}`ke jrl~h}`jks$ ah`k kj`sl sj|~ols h~l ufl~lwl~ rjss`ndl }j nl ~ls}~`o}lm np lkohrs|dh}`jk hkm np alhks jg s`dlkol~s jk h`~ `k}hcls hkm j|}dl}s+ H kj`sl ~lm|o}`jk rdhk sfj|dm nl r~lrh~lm h} }fl r~jilo} rdhkk`ke s}hel+ @k }fl ohsl jg jrl~h}`jks elkl~h}`ke f`ef dlwlds jg kj`sl$ jkl sfj|dm r~lgl~hndp nle`k np mhar`ke j~ ld`a`kh}`ke joo|~~lkols hkm kj`sl sj|~ols uf`of h~`sl jkdp rl~`jm`ohddp+ ]j r~j}lo} uj~c!rdhols g~ja kj`sl$ `ks}hddh}`jks sfj|dm nl lv}lks`wldp h|}jah}lm hkm lx|`rrlm u`}f hrr~jr~`h}l ojk}~jd ~jjas+ R~j}lo}`wl lx|`ralk} `kod|mls g`~lr~jjg odj}f`ke$ n~lh}f`ke lx|`ralk} hkm lh~ r~j}lo}j~s$ mlrlkm`ke jk ufl~l }flp h~l uj~c`ke3 r~j}lo}`wl fldal}s hkm shgl}p gjj}ulh~ a|s} nl uj~k `k hdd h~lhs+ Alhs|~ls gj~ shgl}p `k }fl uj~c!rdhol hkm }j r~j}lo} }fl sj`d jg }fl uj~cs s`}l `kod|ml hdd r~loh|}`jks }j r~lwlk} }fl m`sofh~el jg uh}l~!rjdd|}`ke s|ns}hkols+ _rlo`hd h}}lk}`jk `s }j nl rh`m }j `ks}hddh}`jks gj~

r~jm|o`ke$ fhkmd`ke hkm |s`ke uh}l~!rjdd|}`ke s|ns}hkols+ ^ldlwhk} r~loh|}`jks `kod|ml s}j~hel }hkcs u`}f dlhcr~jjg m~`r }~hps$ jwl~g`dd`ke shgle|h~ms$ slhdlm hkm `arl~alhndl gdjj~ s|~ghols hkm dlhc }ls}`ke$ hkm }flsl sfj|dm nl sl} gj~}f `k h ahk|hd+ >+? _lojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s _lojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s r~jolss ah`kdp ~lopod`ke ah}l~`hd &sf~lmml~ so~hr$ ohndls$ nh}}l~`ls l}o+)$ flhw`dp ojk}ha`kh}lm a`vlm so~hr$ r~jm|o}`jk so~hr u`}f hddjp ojks}`}|lk}s }fh} h~l m`gg`o|d} }j ~lajwl$ hdsj sdhes$ m~jss hkm j}fl~ al}hdd`gl~j|s ~ls`m|ls+ R~lmja`khk}dp R ~lmja`khk}dp rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls h~l lardjplm gj~ al}hd ~lojwl~p+ Lkw`~jkalk}hd n|~mlks s}la ah`kdp g~ja `ar|~`}`ls hkm rjdd|}hk}s r~lslk} `k }fl ofh~el ah}l~`hd $

l+e+ j`d$ rh`k}$ rdhs}`os$ sjdwlk}s j~ shd}s+ _rlo`hd ofh~ho}l~`s}`os jg }fl la`ss`jks hkm s|ns}hkols hkm ~lx|`s`}l shgle|h~ms h~l hs gjddjus9

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &6 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?> •

Hd|a`k`|a so~hr ald}`ke rdhk}s

_hd} sdhes9 Hd|a`k`|a so~hr `s |s|hddp ald}lm mjuk `k ~j}h~p j~ flh~}f }prl g|~khols |kml~ h dhpl~ jg  d`x|`m shd} }j r~lwlk} `ke~lss jg h`~+ ]fl shd} hnsj~ns `ar|~`}`ls r~lslk} `k }fl so~hr hkm joo|~~`ke m|~`ke }fl ald}!mjuk r~jolss hkm r~jm|ols shd} sdhe &2+< }*} Hd)+ M|ar`ke }flsl shd} sdhes sl~`j|sdp rjdd|}ls }fl m|ar rl~ojdh}`jk uh}l~$ }fl~lgj~l shd} sdhe sfj|dm nl r~jolsslm hkm ~l}|~klm }j }fl ald}`ke r~jolss+ Uhs}l ehsls9 ]fl ajd}lk hd|a`k`|a `s ~lg`klm `k ojkwl~}l~s |s`ke ofdj~`kl ehs+ ]fl uhs}l ehsls ojk}h`k m|s}s$ ehslj|s ofdj~`kl hkm gd|j~`kl ojarj|kms hkm ofdj~`kl ehs3 }flp ahp hdsj ojk}h`k j~ehk`o s|ns}hkols uf`of$ mlrlkm`ke jk }fl jrl~h}`ke ojkm`}`jks$ ahp `kod|ml }~hols jg lsrlo`hddp lkw`~jkalk}hddp fhyh~mj|s ah}l~`hds s|of hs rjdpofdj~`kh}lm m`nlkyj!m`jv`ks hkm !g|~hks+ Hmlx|h}l slrh~h}`jk jg }fl m|s}s hkm `kj~ehk`o ojarj|kms `s hof`lwlm np m~p hnsj~r}`jk hkm ghn~`o g`d}l~s+ La`ss`jks jg j~ehk`o s|ns}hkols ohk nl a`k`a`ylm np so~hr sj~}`ke hkm odlhk`ke j~ np srlo`hd }fl~ahd hg}l~n|~k`ke jg }fl uhs}l ehsls+ •

Ojrrl~ so~hr ald}`ke rdhk}s

M|s}9 Uflk ald}`ke mjuk ojrrl~!nlh~`ke ~ls`m|ls$ }fl `k}l~olr}`jk hkm m~p slrh~h}`jk jg la`ss`jks r~jm|olm jk ofh~e`ke hkm ~|kk`ke!jgg h~l rh~}`o|dh~dp `arj~}hk}+ Ufl~l j`d a`s} joo|~s m|l }j }fl `ar|~`}p jg }fl ojrrl~ so~hr$ uhs}l ehsls a|s} |kml~ej }fl~ahd hg}l~n|~k`ke nlgj~l m|s} slrh~h}`jk+ Gj~ lojdje`ohd hkm lojkja`o ~lhsjks$ ald}`ke mjuk sfj|dm }hcl rdhol `k h ojkwl~}l~ u`}f }jr dhkols `k h sfjr u`}f uhs}l h`~ ojddlo}`jk hkm odlhk`ke ~h}fl~ }fhk `k sfhg} g|~khols+ •

Dlhm so~hr ald}`ke rdhk}s

Uhs}l ehsls9 Uflk ~lopod`ke so~hr nh}}l~`ls$ RWO ~ls`m|ls ahp e`wl ~`sl }j ehslj|s `kj~ehk`o ofdj~`kl ojarj|kms uf`of h~l hnsj~nlm `k }fl m|s} hkm `k }fl sdhe+ Mlrlkm`ke jk }fl jrl~h}`ke ojkm`}`jks$ sahdd x|hk}`}`ls jg rjdpofdj~`kh}lm m`nlkyj!m`jv`ks m`nlkyj!m`jv`ks hkm !g|~hks ahp nl r~lslk} `k }fl uhs}l ehsls uflk ~lopod`ke so~hr ohndls+ La`ss`jks jg flhd}f!lkmhkel~`ke m`jv`ks hkm g|~hks ohk nl ~ls}~`o}lm np oh~lg|d sj~}`ke jg so~hr dlhm$ so~hr nh}}l~`ls hkm ohndls+ ]~`hds h~l `k r~je~lss jk ho}`wh}lm!ofh~ojhd!nhslm lx|`ralk} gj~ slrh~h}`jk jg }flsl s|ns}hkols+ Odlhk`ke jg so~hr nh}}l~`ls ~ls|d}s `k wh~p`ke x|hk}`}`ls jg nh}}l~p ho`m &s|drf|~`o ho`m) lk}l~`ke }fl uhsf`ke uh}l~+ ]fl uhsf`ke uh}l~ `s ojk}ha`kh}lm u`}f dlhm$ hk}`ajkp$ ohma`|a$ h~slk`o hkm y`ko+ _lrh~h}l `k}l~olr}`jk hkm }~lh}alk} `s klolssh~p+ >+= Kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd sla`g`k`sf`ke uj~cs @k sla`g`k`sf`ke uj~cs$ }fl ah`k r~jndlas jg ah`k}h`k`ke odlhk h`~ s}la g~ja }fl |rs}~lha gj~ah} gj|km~`ls+ ]flsl |sl dh~el haj|k}s jg  mlg`klm so~hr `k hmm`}`jk }j r~`ah~p al}hd uf`of ahp ohdd gj~ f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &0 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd sald}`ke ~lg`k`ke &l+e+ u`}f ofdj~`kl ehs ojarj|kms `k }fl ohsl jg Hd)+ J`dp hkm rdhs}`o!ojh}lm so~hr r~jm|ols sjj}$ j`d a`s}$ ofdj~`kl! hkm gd|j~`kl!nlh~`ke ho`m a`s} hkm

s`a`dh~ s|ns}hkols jk nl`ke ald}lm mjuk+ Gj~ah}`jk jg rjdpfhdjelkh}lm m`nlkyj!m`jv`ks hkm !g|~hks ohkkj} nl ~|dlm j|}+ Gj~ }f`s ~lhsjk ~ lhsjk so~hr sfj|dm nl r~lodlhklm `k g|a`ke g|~khols u`}f hg}l~n|~k`ke ofhanl~s3 mlrlkm`ke jk }fl rl~a`ss`ndl dlwld jg r|~`}p$ uhs}l ehsls h~l }j nl odlhklm `k ldlo}~js}h}`o r~lo`r`}h}j~s hkm*j~ ehs so~|nnl~s+ Uhs}l ehs g~ja ald}`ke g|~khols ohk ojk}h`k al}hd jv`mls$ wjdh}`dl al}hdd`gl~j|s whrj|~s hkm fhdjelk ojarj|kms uf`of a|s} nl slrh~h}lm `k m|s} g`d}l~s j~ uhs}l ehs so~|nnl~s+ ]f~j|ef r~jolss h|}jah}`jk hkm }fl |sl jg hmm`}`jkhd ~lho}j~s$ lwlk dju!ohrho`}p slojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s &>$=22 }*h) ohk hof`lwl dju odlhk ehs la`ss`jk whd|ls $ l+e+ < ae*a ? m|s}$ dlss }fhk 8 ae*a ? gd|j~`kl ojarj|kms$ np

ofla`sj~r}`jk ojan`klm u`}f opodjkl hkm ghn~`o g`d}l~+ _lrh~h}`jk lgg`o`lkop gj~ ofdj~`kl ojarj|kms ohk nl hs f`ef hs 06,+ Ojjd`ke nhps gj~ ehs!la`}}`ke m~jss hkm sdhe h~l hdsj }j nl ojkklo}lm }j olk}~hd`ylm uhs}l h`~ lv}~ho}`jk sps}las+

Hdchd`kl j~ ho`m sjd|}`jks sfj|dm nl |slm gj~ mle~lhs`ke$ odlhk`ke hkm r`ocd`ke al}hd s|~ghols + J~ehk`o sjdwlk}s ojk}h`k`ke fhdjelks sfj|dm nl hwj`mlm+ Gd|sf`ke uh}l~ hkm |slm r`ocd`ke hkm uhsf`ke d`x|`ms h~l }j nl }~lh}lm `k kl|}~hd`yh}`jk rdhk}s+ _d|mel ~ls`m|ls h~l l`}fl~ rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohddp r~jolsslm `k h sald}`ke rdhk} j~$ `g }flp ojk}h`k kj rjdd|}hk}s$ m|arlm+ Whrj|~s g~ja flh}lm r`ocd`ke hkm ~`ks`ke nh}fs a|s} nl lv}~ho}lm$ r~lo`r`}h}lm np ehs so~|nnl~s hkm kl|}~hd`ylm+ Rjdd|}lm uhs}l a|s} nl rdholm jk r~j}lo}lm m|ars u`}f ojddlo}`jk jg 

rl~ojdh}`jk uh}l~+ Hs kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd sla`g`k`sf`ke rdhk}s h~l g~lx|lk}dp s`}|h}lm odjsl }j ~ls`mlk}`hd yjkls$ ojks`ml~h}`jk a|s} nl e`wlk }j kj`sl ~lm|o}`jk alhs|~ls hkm }fl klolssh~p m`s}hkol+

?+ Kj}ls jk }fl hkhdps`s hkm lwhd|h}`jk jg lkw`~jkalk}hd `arho}s

Kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd `km|s}~`hd jrl~h}`jks |s`ke }fl~ajofla`ohd j~ rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls r~jm|ol ojks`ml~hndl x|hk}`}`ls jg uhs}l ehsls dhmlk u`}f lkw`~jkalk}hddp fh~ag|d s|ns}hkols+ H`~ r~j}lo}`jk alhs|~ls a|s} }fl~lgj~l nl h r~`j~`}p+ ]fl gjddju`ke lvhardls `dd|s}~h}l }fl rjss`ndl rjdd|}hk} ojk}lk} jg }fl uhs}l ehsls9 ! hd|a`k`|a sald}`ke rdhk}$ }jv`o gd|j~`kl ojarjklk}s `k }fl hkjml ehs ~hu ehs hrr~jv+ f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &82 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

82 ce G*} Hd ! ojrrl~ sald}`ke rdhk}$ s|drf|~ m`jv`ml `k }fl uhs}l ehs ~hu ~ hu ehs hrr~jv+ >+7 } _J > *} O| ]fl whd|ls `km`oh}l }fh} lwlk `k ~le`jks u`}f dju dlwlds jg lv`s}`ke rjdd|}`jk$ uhs}l ehsls g~ja al}hd sald}`ke rdhk}s a|s} jk kj hooj|k} nl m`sofh~elm |kodlhklm+ Ul} hkm m~p r~jolssls h~l hwh`dhndl gj~ odlhk`ke$ m~p r~jolssls nl`ke r~lgl~~lm gj~ lojdje`ohd hkm lojkja`o ~lhsjks+ Ojk}`k|j|s ajk`}j~`ke `kwjdw`ke alhs|~lalk}s }j wl~`gp }fl lgglo}`wlklss jg }fl slrh~h}`jk sps}las `s

klolssh~p nj}f hg}l~ l~lo}`jk jg }fl rdhk} hkm m|~`ke `}s jrl~h}`jk+ Ml}h`dlm mlso~`r}`jks gj~ oh~~p`ke j|} la`ss`jk hkm `aa`ss`jk alhs|~lalk}s h~l ojk}h`klm `k }fl e|`mld`kls jg }fl El~ahk Hssjo`h}`jk jg  Lke`kll~s WM@ + @k El~ahkp }fl jnd`eh}j~p la`ss`jk hkm `aa`ss`jk whd|ls h~l ml}h`dlm `k ]H!D|g} &]lofk`ohd @ks}~|o}`jks jk H`~ X|hd`}p Ojk}~jd)+ @k rdhk}s |s`ke fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls$ }j ~lm|ol lkw`~jkalk}hddp fh~ag|d s|ns}hkols }j h a`k`a|a$ `k}l~alm`h}l r~jm|o}s hkm ~ls`m|ls a|s} |kml~ej ~lrlh}lm ofla`ohd }~lh}alk}$ g`d}~h}`jk$ ldlo}~jdp}`o r~lo`r`}h}`jk j~ so~|nn`ke u`}f s|nslx|lk} kl|}~hd`yh}`jk+ Uhs}luh}l~ g~ja ehs so~|nn`ke j~ r`ocd`ke rdhk}s ahp jkdp nl ~l}|~klm }j ~lol`w`ke njm`ls jg uh}l~ jkol `} fhs nllk ofla`ohddp kl|}~hd`ylm hkm g~llm jg sjd`ms+ E|`mld`kl whd|ls gj~ rl~a`}}lm rjdd|}hk} ojkolk}~h}`jks a|s} nl ls}hnd`sflm gj~ m`sofh~e`ke uhs}luh}l~ `k hooj~mhkol u`}f }fl s}h}l jg h~}+ ^lgl~lkol whd|ls ahp nl jn}h`klm g~ja }fl ~le|dh}`jks `k gj~ol `k El~ahkp+ @k lwl~p ohsl oh~l a|s} nl }hclk }j lks|~l }fh} m~`kc`ke uh}l~ hkm j}fl~ uh}l~ ~lsj|~ols h~l kj} `arh`~lm+ Hkhdp}`ohd r~jolssls fhwl nllk mlg`klm |kml~ El~ahk M@K s}hkmh~ms }j ml}l~a`kl rjdd|}hk} ojkolk}~h}`jks `k uhs}luh}l~3 `k El~ahkp }flsl h~l Wl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g}lk S Elkl~hd Hma`k`s}~h}`wl ^le|dh}`jksQ+ ^j|}`kl ml}h`dlm `k  Hddelal`kl Wl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g}lk alhs|~lalk}s h~l hdsj }j nl oh~~`lm j|} }j ajk`}j~ }fl lgg`o`lkop jg uh}l~ }~lh}alk} hkm odh~`g`oh}`jk rdhk}s+ ]fl sojrl jg alhs|~lalk}s hkm }fl `ksrlo}`jk hkm ah`k}lkhkol `k}l~whds jg uhs}luh}l~ ! hkm uhs}l ehs ! odlhk`ke sps}las a|s} nl mlg`klm `k hk jrl~h}`ke ahk|hd+ Ojk}ha`kh}lm ah}l~`hd `s }j nl s}j~lm `k s|of h uhp hs }j r~lwlk} sj`d hkm e~j|kmuh}l~ ojk}ha`kh}`jk+ Ufl~l rjss`ndl$ s`kedl!r|~rjsl m|ars sfj|dm nl ls}hnd`sflm$ u`}f slhd`ke hkm rl~ojdh}`jk uh}l~ ojddlo}`jk hkm }~lh}alk} sps}las uf`of sh}`sgp s}~`kelk} ~lx|`~lalk}s+ Hs `k El~ahkp$ uj~cs lkw`~jkalk}hd r~j}lo}`jk jgg`ol~s sfj|dm nl mlrdjplm `k kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd uj~cs ufj h~l }j}hddp `kmlrlkmlk} jg }fl r~jm|o}`jk s`ml+ ]flp h~l jnd`elm }j ajk`}j~ hmfl~lkol }j }fl ~le|dh}`jks+ @k hmm`}`jk }j ajk`}j~`ke lv}l~khd rjdd|}hk} m`sofh~el$ `k}l~khd uj~c!rdhols a|s} hdsj nl `ksrlo}lm gj~ rjdd|}hk} ojkolk}~h}`jks$ kj`sl hkm shgl}p+ _|`}hndp x|hd`g`lm shgl}p jgg`ol~s hkm h uj~cs mjo}j~ sfj|dm nl hrrj`k}lm gj~ }flsl r|~rjsls+

=+ @k}l~ho}`jk u`}f j}fl~ slo}j~s f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &88 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

Kj~ahd hkk|hd r~jm|o}`jk ohrho`}`ls jg klul~ kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd sald}`ke rdhk}s h~l nl}ullk <2$222 hkm 822$222 }+ Hddjuhkol a|s} nl ahml gj~ g|}|~l ohrho`}p lvrhks`jks+ M|l }j }fl x|hk}`}p jg  dhkm joo|r`lm hkm }fl lkw`~jkalk}hd rjdd|}`jk `kwjdwlm$ r~jilo}s ohkkj} nl ojks`ml~lm `k `sjdh}`jk+ Hs lh~dp hs }fl `k`}`hd djoh}`jk sldlo}`jk rfhsl$ lv`s}`ke r~`j~ rjdd|}`jk jg h`~$ uh}l~ hkm sj`d a|s} nl }hclk `k}j hooj|k}$ ahc`ke hmlx|h}l hddjuhkol gj~ }fl hmm`}`jkhd n|~mlks `arjslm np s|of hk `km|s}~`hd ojardlv+ Hs lh~dp hs }fl rdhkk`ke rfhsl$ hkm uflk mlg`k`ke rl~a`ss`ndl `aa`ss`jks$ lgglo}s jk }fl lkw`~jkalk} a|s} nl ojks`ml~lm g~ja }fl rj`k} jg w`lu jg ojaa|k`}p mlwldjralk}+ Hmlx|h}l m`s}hko`ke g~ja }fl klh~ls} ~ls`mlk}`hd yjkls `s }j nl e|h~hk}llm+ G|~}fl~ ml}h`ds h~l ojk}h`klm `k }fl lkw`~jkalk}hd n~`lg Rdhkk`ke jg Djoh}`jks gj~ ]~hml hkm @km|s}~p+

^hu ah}l~`hds gj~ sald}`ke rdhk}s fhwl }j nl lv}~ho}lm `k dh~el x|hk}`}`ls g~ja |kml~e~j|km j~ s|~ghol a`kls+ ]fl lkw`~jkalk}hd n~`lgs jk a`k`ke r~jw`ml `kgj~ah}`jk jk }fl lkw`~jkalk}hd `arho}s+ Lgg`o`lk} }~hksrj~} ~j|}ls h~l klolssh~p gj~ }~hksrj~}`ke ofh~el ah}l~`hds hkm r~jm|o}s+ Ml}h`ds h~l ojk}h`klm `k }fl n~`lgs ^jhm ]~hgg`o$ ^h`duhps hkm ^h`duhp Jrl~h}`jk hkm _f`rr`ke+ H srlo`hd slojkmh~p lgglo} jg }fl |sl jg ldlo}~jdp}`o r~jolssls `s }fh} }fl`~ r~jg`}hn`d`}p$ hkm rh~}`o|dh~dp }fh} jg hk hd|a`k`|a sald}`ke rdhk} mlrlkms jk }fl hwh`dhn`d`}p jg oflhr ldlo}~`o`}p+ Hmm`}`jkhd rjdd|}`jk ~ls|d}s g~ja }fl l~lo}`jk j~ lv}lks`jk jg rjul~ s}h}`jks hkm }fl hssjo`h}lm ojks}~|o}`jk$ rh~}`o|dh~dp jg  fpm~h|d`o lke`kll~`ke uj~cs &sll lkw`~jkalk}hd n~`lgs ]fl~ahd Rjul~ _}h}`jks hkm Rjul~ ]~hksa`ss`jk hkm M`s}~`n|}`jk)+ H s`kedl!r|~rjsl m|ar a|s} nl ls}hnd`sflm gj~ kjk!~lopodhndl r~jm|o}s hkm uhs}l$ `kod|m`ke sdhe hkm g|~khol n~lhchel ah}l~`hd &sll lkw`~jkalk}hd n~`lg jk M`srjshd jg Fhyh~mj|s Uhs}l hkm Wjd|al @@@$ Ojarlkm`|a jg Lkw`~jkalk}hd _}hkmh~ms)+

<+ _|aah~p hsslssalk} jg lkw`~jkalk}hd ~ldlwhkol

R~jolssls hkm ~hu ah}l~`hds |}`d`ylm `k kjk!gl~~j|s al}hd sald}`ke rdhk}s gj~ lv}~ho}`ke hd|a`k`|a$ ojrrl~$ dlhm hkm y`ko$ hkm hdsj ~lg`k`ke hkm sald}`ke s ald}`ke rdhk}s gj~ g|~}fl~ r~jolss`ke$ r~jm|ol la`ss`jks hkm ~hu ah}l~`hds uf`of ohk rjdd|}l }fl lkw`~jkalk}+ Jg srlo`hd s`ek`g`ohkol h~l flhwp al}hds uf`of lkmhkel~ flhd}f hkm `k sjal ohsls h~l oh~o`kjelk`o+ @k ahkp oj|k}~`ls }f`s ojkol~ks lsrlo`hddp }fl rjj~l~ slo}`jks jg }fl rjr|dh}`jk ufj h~l rh~}`o|dh~dp h} ~`sc m|l }j ahdk|}~`}`jk hkm `ddklss+ ]fl shal jg oj|~sl hrrd`ls }j al}hd sald}`ke rdhk}s j}fl~ }fhk }fjsl alk}`jklm fl~l+ Lkw`~jkalk}hd mhahel ohk nl ~lm|olm np sldlo}`ke djoh}`jks u`}f ~ldh}`wldp `kslks`}`wl dhkmsohrls ufl~l }fl~l `s |kd`cldp }j nl hkp e~lh} lgglo} jk }fl ~le`jkhd r~jm|o}`wlklss jg }fl kh}|~hd lkw`~jkalk}+ @} `s hdsj klolssh~p }j lvod|ml ~le`jks }fh} h~l hd~lhmp flhw`dp n|~mlklm u`}f f`ef lv`s}`ke j~ nhoce~j|km dlwlds jg gd|j~`kl ojarj|kms hkm flhwp al}hds+ @k }f`s ~leh~m `} sfj|dm nl kj}lm }fh} hk}f~jrjelk`o flhwp al}hds h~l jg}lk aj~l ~lhm`dp rdhk}!hwh`dhndl }fhk d`}fjelk`o j~ rlmjelk`o flhwp f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &8> jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

al}hds+ Rp~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls oh|sl ah`kdp h`~ rjdd|}`jk `k }fl gj~a jg ehsls$ a`s}s hkm m|s}s uf`of

a|s} nl a`k`a`ylm `k ehs so~|nnl~s j~ ~l}|~klm ~ l}|~klm gj~ g|~}fl~ r~jolss`ke+ Hrh~} g~ja }fl lojdje`ohd nlklg`}$ }f`s gj~a jg la`ss`jk ~lm|o}`jk fhs }fl lojkja`o nlklg`} jg ~lojwl~`ke whd|hndl al}hds j~ r~jm|o`ke s|drf|~`o ho`ms+ _`a`dh~ ojkm`}`jks lv`s} gj~ slojkmh~p sald}`ke rdhk}s n|} u`}f }fl hmm`}`jkhd r~jndla jg rjdd|}lm ofh~el ah}l~`hds+ Mlrlkm`ke jk }fl jrl~h}`ke ojkm`}`jks$ fhdjelk!nlh~`ke rjdd|}hk}s ojan`klm u`}f j~ehk`o ah}l~`hds h~l h rh~}`o|dh~ rj}lk}`hd sj|~ol jg rjdpfhdjelkh}lm m`jv`k hkm g|~hk la`ss`jks &uhs}l ehs la`ss`jk ojkolk}~h}`jks jg }fl j~ml~ jg khkje~has)+ La`ss`jks hkm ~ls`m|ls g~ja fpm~jal}hdd|~e`ohd r~jolssls jk }fl j}fl~ fhkm ohk rjdd|}l uhs}luh}l~ hkm m|ars+ ^lopod`ke jg uh}l~ `k }fl o`~o|dh}`jk sps}la `s wl~p `arj~}hk}+ ]fj|ef `} `s s}h}l!jg!}fl!h~} r~ho}`ol }j ~lo`~o|dh}l d`x|`m r~jolss ah}l~`hds s|of hs ho`ms$ hdchd`ls j~ ssjdwlk}s jdwlk}s np ~lelkl~h}`jk$ }fl~lnp ~lm|o`ke ~ls`m|ls$ }flsl a|s} nl s|nslx|lk}dp r~jolsslm hkm }fl uhs}l r~jm|o}s kl|}~hd`ylm `k aj~l j~ dlss ojs}dp s}hels }j ~lojwl~ whd|hndl al}hds hkm*j~ lv}~ho} rjdd|}hk}s+ Oflocs a|s} nl ahml `k lwl~p ohsl }j ml}l~a`kl ufl}fl~ rjdd|}`jk jg e~j|kmuh}l~ j~ s|~ghol uh}l~ `s rjss`ndl m|l }j }fl s}j~hel j~ la`ss`jk jg r~`ah~p$ `k}l~alm`h}l j~ lkm r~jm|o}s+ Rjdd|}hk} R jdd|}hk} p`ldm hkm flkol }fl klolssh~p j|}dhp gj~ rjdd|}hk} ~lm|o}`jk `s s`ek`g`ohk}dp djul~ `k }fl ohsl jg sla`g`k`sf`ke uj~cs+ H s|~wlp sfj|dm nl ojkm|o}lm `k lwl~p ohsl }j ml}l~a`kl ufl}fl~ he~`o|d}|~hd |sl jg }fl dhkm `k }fl w`o`k`}p jg }fl uj~cs u`dd nl `arh`~lm np dh~el!h~lh rjdd|}`jk u`}f rfp}j}jv`o hkm yjj}jv`o flhwp al}hds$ lsrlo`hddp y`ko$ ojrrl~$ of~ja`|a$ k`ocld hkm dlhm$ }hc`ke `k}j hooj|k} djke!}l~a mlrjs`}`jk$ hoo|a|dh}`jk hkm ~lho}`w`}p `k }fl sj`d+ ]fl lkw`~jkalk}hd ~`sc ~ls|d}`ke g~ja flhwp al}hds `k }fl sj`d a|s} nl m`s}`ke|`sflm hooj~m`ke }j }fl gj~a jg njkm`ke jg }fl`~ ldlalk}s uf`of `k }|~k mlrlkms jk }fl`~ j~`e`k+ Flhwp al}hds$ lsrlo`hddp ohma`|a$ ohk nl `ki|~`j|s }j f|ahk flhd}f }f~j|ef hoo|a|dh}`jk `k }fl sj`d

hkm `k rdhk}s$ u`}f `ko~lhslm hnsj~r}`jk }f~j|ef }fl gjjm ofh`k$ dlhm`ke `k rh~}`o|dh~ }j c`mklp mhahel+ R~ld`a`kh~p ohdo|dh}`jks jg }fl lvrlo}lm hmm`}`jkhd lkw`~jkalk}hd n|~mlks h~l klolssh~p gj~ hsslss`ke }flsl `km`~lo} lgglo}s w`h }fl h`~ ! sj`d ! gjjm ofh`k+ Hs h r~loh|}`jk$ `} `s hmw`shndl }j ~ls}~`o} he~`o|d}|~l `k }fl `aalm`h}l w`o`k`}p+ Ojkgd`o}s ohk nl hwj`mlm j~ m`a`k`sflm np ojks|d}`ke }fl hgglo}lm rjr|dh}`jk e~j|rs h} hk lh~dp s}hel$ rjss`ndp mlwldjr`ke hkm rdhkk`ke klu sj|~ols jg lardjpalk}+ ]fl x|ls}`jk hs }j ufl}fl~ }fl `ko~lhslm lkw`~jkalk}hd rjdd|}`jk rjsls hmm`}`jkhd flhd}f ~`scs hkm fhyh~ms$ l+e+ gj~ ujalk hkm of`dm~lk &m|~`ke r~lekhkop l}o+) sfj|dm nl `kwls}`eh}lm$ hkm hmlx|h}l alm`ohd oh~l r~jw`mlm+ @k hmm`}`jk }j }fl rjdd|}`jk n|~mlks$ h}}lk}`jk a|s} hdsj nl rh`m }j }fl kj`sl la`}}lm np }fl rdhk} ahof`kl~p+ Mlrlkm`ke jk }fl rdhk} mls`ek$ kj`sl dlwlds hs f`ef hs 8>< mN&H) ahp nl la`}}lm+ Kj`sl dlwlds ohk nl a`k`a`ylm np kj`sl ~lm|o}`jk alhs|~ls uf`of h~l }j nl srlo`g`lm `k h kj`sl ~lm|o}`jk rdhk+ ]fl ulh~`ke jg  rl~sjkhd lh~ r~j}lo}`jk a|s} nl jnd`eh}j~p `k uj~crdhols u`}f kj`sl dlwlds `k lvolss jg 6< mN&H) hkm a|s} nl ajk`}j~lm+ Gj~ lkw`~jkalk}hd r~j}lo}`jk alhs|~ls }j nl lgglo}`wl$ `} `s w`}hd }fh} rl~sjkkld sfj|dm nl ahml slks`}`wl }j }fl `ss|ls hkm ~lol`wl hrr~jr~`h}l }~h`k`ke + Hd}fj|ef }fl sald}`ke `km|s}~p hd~lhmp fhs h ~hkel jg  f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &8? jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

r~jwlk al}fjms hkm r~jolssls h} `}s m`srjshd gj~ lgglo}`wl rjdd|}`jk ojk}~jd$ }fl`~ hrrd`oh}`jk ohk nl lvolss`wldp ojs}!`k}lks`wl ufl~l rjdd|}hk} la`ss`jks h~l }jj dju gj~ `ar~jwlalk}s }j nl lojkja`o n|}

}jj f`ef }j nl lojdje`ohddp fh~adlss+ @k }flsl ohsls$ nlh~`ke `k a`km }fl djke!}l~a lgglo}s jg flhwp al}hd rjdd|}`jk$ jkl a|s} e`wl ojks`ml~hndl ul`ef} }j }fl kllms jg lkw`~jkalk}hd r~j}lo}`jk$ lwlk r|}}`ke }f`s nlgj~l }fl r~jg`}hn`d`}p jg }fl `km`w`m|hd rdhk}+ ]fl larfhs`s jg o|~~lk} mlwldjralk} uj~c `s }juh~ms }j}hddp lkodjslm o`~o|`}s `k }fl r~jm|o}`jk sps}la+ ]fl h`a `s }j lkodjsl }fl o`~o|`} }j r~lwlk} fh~ag|d lgglo}s jk }fl n`jsrfl~l }f~j|ef lwl~ nl}}l~ |}`d`yh}`jk jg ofh~el ah}l~`hd$ r~jm|o}`jk jg r|~l `k}l~alm`h}l hkm lkm r~jm|o}s u`}fj|} ~loj|~sl }j m|ar`ke$ u`}f `ar~jwlm la`ss`jk r~j}lo}`jk hkm ~lopod`ke jg slrh~h}lm m|s}s hkm sjd`ms+

7+ ^lgl~lkols

_}h}|}j~p r~jw`s`jks$ ~le|dh}`jks Hnuhssl~}lofk`sofl Wl~l`k`e|ke &H]W)9 H~nl`}sndh}} ^ 88<$ F`kul`sl gô~ mhs L`kdl`}lk wjk Hnuhssl~ `k l`kl ÷gglk}d`ofl Hnuhssl~hkdhel$ Ihk|h~p 806?+ Hddelal`kl Wl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g} y|~ Íkml~|ke ml~ hddelal`klk ^hfalkwl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g} ^hfalkwl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g} ônl~ A`kmls}hkgj~ml~|kelk hk mhs L`kdl`}lk wjk Hnuhssl~ `k Eluíssl~+ EANd &ij`k} a`k`s}l~`hd o`~o|dh~)+ Kj+ ?5$ 8060$ r+ 506+ L~s}l Hddelal`kl Wl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g} y|a N|kmls!@aa`ss`jkssof|}yel N|kmls!@aa`ss`jkssof|}yelsl}y sl}y &]lofk`sofl Hkdl`}|ke y|~ ^l`kfhd}|ke ml~ D|g} ! ]H!D|g}) mh}lm >5+2>+8067$ EANd &ij`k} a`k`s}l~`hd o`~o|dh~)+ 8067$ H|sehnl H$ r+ 0<+ Yul`}l Hddelal`kl Wl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g} y|a Hnghddelsl}y &]H!Hnghdd) ]l`d 89 ]lofk`sofl Hkdl`}|ke y|~ Dhel~|ke$ ofla`sof!rfps`chd`soflk$ n`jdje`soflk Nlfhkmd|ke$ Wl~n~lkk|ke |km Hndhel~|ke wjk nlsjkml~s ônl~uhof|kesnlmô~g}`elk Hngíddlk$ wja Aí~y 8008$ EANd &ij`k} a`k`s}l~`hd o`~o|dh~)+ Kj+ 6$ r+ 8?0+ ?0+ Hddelal`kl Wl~uhd}|keswj~sof~`g} ônl~ A`kmls}hkgj~ml~|kelk hk mhs L`kdl`}lk wjk Hnuíssl~ `k Eluíssl~ &K`of}l`slkal}hddfl~s}ldd|ke)+ &K`of}l`slkal}hddfl~s}ldd|ke)+ EANd &ij`k} a`k`s}l~`hd o`~o|dh~)+ Kj+ >>$ 806=$ r+ ?<2 ! ?<8+ Ml|}sofl Gj~sof|keselal`ksofhg}9 D`s}l ahv`ahdl~ H~nl`}srdh}ycjkylk}~h}`jklk &AHC!Ul~}!D`s}l)$ 8002$ A`}}l`d|ke VVW@$ N|kmlsh~nl`}sndh}} 8>$ 8002$ r+ ?<+ Lkw`~jkalk}hd R~j}lo}`jk Helkop &LRH)9 Lggd|lk} E|`mld`kls hkm _}hkmh~ms gj~ Kjk!Gl~~j|s!Al}hds$ =2 Og^ =>8+

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &8= jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

EWNd+ mls Dhkmls Flsslk$ ]l`d 8$ ?8+2?+806>+ A`k`s}l~`|a gô~ H~nl`}$ Els|kmfl`} |km _jy`hdls mls Dhkmls Kj~m~fl`k!Uls}ghdlk9 \auld}r~jndlal m|~of _oful~al}hddl `a ^h|a _}jddnl~e$ 805<$ Môssldmj~g+ <+ Kjwlddl y|a Uhssl~fh|sfhd}selsl}y9 A`kmls}hkgj~ml~|kelk khof ¥ 5h$ NENd+ @ &Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l @)$ r+ 8<>0+ ]lofk`sofl Hkdl`}|ke y|a _of|}y elelk Dí~a &]H!Dí~a) wja 87+25+8076$ Nl`dhel NHky+ &_|rrdlalk} }j }fl Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l) Kj+ 8?5+ \kghddwl~fô}|keswj~sof~`g}lk9 Fh|r}wl~nhkm ml~ elul~nd`oflk Nl~|gselkjsslk!sofhg}lk$ Njkk |+h+ \WW!Dí~a$ WNE 8>8 jg 28+28+8002+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >>7>9 _}h|nnlcíarg|ke ha H~nl`}srdh}y$ Mlolanl~ 805?+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >>6<9 H|su|~gnle~lky|ke$ Ndl`fô}}lk$ Mlolanl~ 805<+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >2<6$ Ndh}} ?9 Nl|~}l`d|ke wjk Dí~a ha H~nl`}srdh}y |k}l~ Nl~ôocs`of}`e|ke |k}l~sof`lmd`ofl~ ]í}`ecl`}lk$ Hr~`d 8068+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l ><729 Rl~s÷kd`ofl~ _ofhddsof|}y$ Mlolanl~ 806?+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >2<6$ Ndh}} 89 Nl|~}l`d|ke wjk H~nl`}sdí~a `k ml~ Khofnh~sofhg}$ _lr}lanl~ 806<+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >82>9 La`ss`jksa`kml~|ke$ C|rgl~sof~j}}fô}}lk |km C|rgl~~hgg`k`l~`lk$ Lk}u|~g  Gln~|h~p 806<+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >>679 La`ss`jksa`kml~|ke$ Hd|a`k`|asofaldygd|Úldlc}~jdpsl$ Hd|a`k`|asofaldygd|Úldlc}~jdpsl$ Lk}u|~g Ihk|h~p 8065+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l ?0>09 L~ghsslk d|g}g~laml~ _}jggl$ Lk}u|~g Ah~of 8002+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l >?829 Ndí}}l~ ?2 |km ?89 Ahv`ahdl @aa`ss`jksul~}l gô~ Ndl` &Ndh}} ?2) |km Y`kc & Ndh}} ?8) y|a _of|}yl ml~ dhkmu`~}sofhg}d`oflk K|}y}`l~l$ I|dp 8008+ WM@!^`of}d`k`l ?50>$ Ndh}} ?9 Alsslk ml~ @aa`ss`jks!U`~cmjs`s wjk Ndl` `k Rgdhkylk$ Hr~`d 8008+ Wl~j~mk|ke ônl~ H~nl`}ss}í}}lk &H~nl`}ss}í}}lkwl~j~mk|ke ! H~n_}í}}W) jg >2+2?+5<$ NENd+ @ &Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l @)$ r+ 5>0$ 8< _of|}y elelk Dí~a+ Wl~j~mk|ke ônl~ elgíf~d`ofl _}jggl$ Elghf~s}jggwl~j~mk|ke &Elg_}jggW) jg >7+ H|e|s} 8067$ NENd+ @ f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &8< jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

&Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l @)$ r+ 8=52$ `k }fl wl~s`jk mh}lm >?+ H|e|s} 8002$ NENd+ @$ r+ 502+ Wl~j~mk|ke y|~ Nls}`aa|ke wjk Hngíddlk khof ¥ > Hns+ > mls Hnghddelsl}yls jg Hr~`d ? 8002$ NENd+ @ &Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l @)$ r+ 78=+ Wl~j~mk|ke y|~ Nls}`aa|ke wjk ^ls}s}jgglk khof ¥ > Hns+ ? mls Hnghddelsl}yls jg Hr~`d ?$ 8002$ NENd+ @ &Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l @)$ r+ 7?8+ Wl~j~mk|ke ônl~ mhs L`kshaaldk |km Nlg÷~ml~k sju`l ônl~ m`l Ônl~uhof|ke wjk Hngíddlk |km ^ls}s}jgglk jg Hr~`d ?$ 8002$ NENd+ @ &Glml~hd Dhu Ehyl}}l @)$ r+ 7=6+ Wl~j~mk|ke ônl~ Hkdhelk y|a Dhel~k$ Hngôddlk |km \asofdhelk uhssl~elgíf~mlkml~ _}jggl |km m`l Y|dhss|ke wjk Ghofnl}~`lnlk+ _o`lk}`g`o*}lofk`ohd rhrl~s N|~lh| jg A`kls$ Uhsf`ke}jk 805?$ Ojk}~jd jg _|dg|~ Jv`ml La`ss`jks `k Ojrrl~$ Dlhm hkm Y`ko _ald}`ke+ N|Úahkk$ F+9 _}hkm |km Lk}u`ocd|ke mls C|rgl~~lopod`kes `k9 Gdl`sofl~$ E+$ Hnghddwl~al`m|ke `k ml~ Al}hdd`km|s}~`l$ r+ 8<0 ! 877$ Lg Wl~dhe gô~ g ô~ Lkl~e`l |km \auld}}lofk`c$ Nl~d`k 8060+ Oj~u`k$ ]+C+ l} hd9 @k}l~kh}`jkhd ]lofkjdjep gj~ }fl Kjkgl~~j|s _ald}`ke @km|s}~p$ Kjpls Mh}h Oj~rj~h}`jk$ Rh~c ^`mel KI$ 806>+ Mlkedl~$ F+9 Nlfhkmd|ke soful~al}hddfhd}`el~ Hnuíssl~ `k9 \]Y Ah}l~`hd`lk$ 80603 Ylk}~|a gô~ \auld}}lofk`c nl`a Nh}}lddl!@ks}`}|} G~hkcg|~} ha Ah`k+ Ml|}sofl Elslddsofhg} gô~ ]lofk`sofl Y|shaalkh~nl`} &E]Y)$ Mj~k`l~!_}|m`l9 L~s}ldd|ke l`kls Ch}hdjels wjk La`ss`jks! |km @aa`ss`jkss}hkmh~ms$ Jo}jnl~ 806=+ Elslddsofhg} Ml|}sofl~ Al}hddfô}}lk! |km Nl~edl|}l$ Fh|r}wl~shaad|keswj~}~íel$ _}|}}eh~} 805>$ \auld}sof|}y `k ml~ Al}hddfô}}lk`km|s}~`l+ Al}hddfô}}lk`km|s}~`l+ E~ôk$ A+$ Ahofldl}$ N+$ Rjmdlshc$ U+9 Cjk}~jddl ml~ _oful~al}hddnldhs}|ke dhkmu`~}sofhg}d`of elk|}yl~ N÷mlk `k ml~ MM^+ Fh~}`kel~$ D+9 ]hsoflkn|of ml~ Hnuhssl~nlfhkmd|ke gô~ m`l al}hddwl~h~nl`}lkml @km|s}~`l$ Oh~d Fh|sl~ Wl~dhe$ A|k`of 8057+ C`~ofkl~$ E+9 M`l Nlml|}|ke wjk _lc|kmí~hd|a`k`|a gô~ m`l Hd|a`k`|a!Wl~sj~e|ke `k9 Gdl`sofl~$ E+$ f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &87 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

Hnghddwl~al`m|ke `k ml~ Al}hdd`km|s}~`l$ r+ 85?!850$ Lg Wl~dhe gô~ Lkl~e`l |km \auld}}lofk`c$ Nl~d`k 8060+ Cdjcl$ H+9 J~`lk}`l~|kesmh}lk gô~ }jdl~`l~nh~l Elsha}elfhd}l l`k`el~ Ldlalk}l `k C|d}|~n÷mlk$ A`}}+ WM\DGH 8062$ r+ 8 ! ? hkm 0 ! 88+ Cjof$ O+]+$ _llnl~el~$ I+9 ×cjdje`sofl Aôddwl~ul~}|ke$ Wl~dhe O+G+ Aôddl~$ Ch~ds~|fl$ 806=+ Dhkm}he Kj~m~fl`k!Uls}ghdlk9 Rdlkh~r~j}jcjdd 88*>6 jg 2?+2<+8008+ Dí~ax|lddlk ml~ L`slk! |km Al}hdd`km|s}~`l9 Nl~|gselkjsslksofhg}d`ofls @ks}`}|} gô~ Dí~anlcíarg|ke$ Ah`ky 805?+ Al~y$ L+9 A`k`a`l~|ke ml~ Nldhs}|ke m|~of Al}hddl |km Al}hddj`ml$ Wj~}~he `a WM@!Cjddjx|`|a .C~lnsl~yl|elkml _}jggl `k ml~ \auld}.$ >?+2=+8008+ Ahkkfl`a$ WM@!Nl~`of} `k Wj~nl~l`}|ke+ A`lfd`of$ E+$ D|v$ U+9 L`k}~he |km Wl~gôenh~cl`} d|g}nô~}`el~ _oful~al}hddl |km Al}hddj`ml `k N÷mlk$ WM@!Nl~`of}l Kj+ 6?5$ 8002$ r+ >5 ! <8+ Rl~s÷kd`ofl A`}}l`d|kelk9 U`~}sofhg}swl~l`k`e|ke Al}hdd l+W+$ Môssldmj~g$ 8008+ ^hmlahofl~$ C+M+$ CjÚ$ C+M+9 Uhssl~elgíf~mlkml _}jggl$ _r~`kel~ Wl~dhe$ Nl~d`k 8067+ ^`ss$ H+ l}+ hd9 _oful~al}hddl `k N÷mlk hkm E~ôkdhkmh|gu|ofs `k ml~ \aeln|ke l`kl~ C|rgl~fô}}l `k N~`vdlee*]`~jd$ WM@!Nl~`of}l 6?5$ 8002$ r+ >20!>>?+ ^÷rlkhoc$ wjk H+9 @k}le~`l~}l~ \auld}sof|}y ! m`l H|gehnl ml~ Y|c|kg}$ L~yal}hdd$ == &8008)$ Kj+ >$ r+ 75 ! 5=+ _rjkh$ C+$ ^hm}cl$ \+9 Ndl`!$ Ohma`|a! |km Y`kcnldhs}|ke wjk N÷mlk `a La`ss`jkseln`l} l`kl~ Y`kcfô}}l `k M|`sn|~e$ WM@!Nl~`of}l 6?5$ 8002$ r+ 87< ! 86?+ \ddahkks Lkypcdjrím`l ml~ }lofk`soflk Ofla`l$ =+ H|gdhel$ Nhkm 7 &\auld}sof|}y)$ Nhkm 5 &Hd|a`k`|a)$ Nhkm 6 &Ndl`)$ Nhkm 8< &C|rgl~)$ Nhkm >= &Y`kc) ! 805=*806?+ \auld}n|kmlsha} SEl~ahk Glml~hd Lkw`~jkalk}hd HelkopQ Nl~d`k$ Hr~`d 80569 _}hkm ml~ ]lofk`c nl` R~`aí~!Hd|a`k`|afô}}lk+ \auld}n|kmlsha} SEl~ahk Glml~hd Lkw`~jkalk}hd HelkopQ Nl~d`k$ Ah~of 80629 ^`of}d`k`lk gô~ La`ss`jksa`kml~|ke `k KL!Al}hdd`km|s}~`lk$ `kod+ h|sgôf~d`ofl N`nd`je~hrf`l+

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &85 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+

?>

\auld}n|kmlsha} SEl~ahk Glml~hd Lkw`~jkalk}hd HelkopQ$ Nl~d`k$ Ah~of 806?$ ^+ G`sofl~9 AhÚkhfalk |km L`k~`of}|kelk y|~ ^l`kfhd}|ke ml~ D|g} nl` KL!Al}hddfô}}lk |km \asofaldyul~clk+ \auld}n|kmlsha} SEl~ahk Glml~hd Lkw`~jkalk}hd HelkopQ Nl~d`k$ 80679 Hd}hkdhelk~lrj~} 8067$ r+ <0 ! 5?+ \auld}n|kmlsha} SEl~ahk Glml~hd Lkw`~jkalk}hd HelkopQ Nl~d`k9 Ihf~lsnl~`of}l 8067$ 8065$ 8002+ \auld}n|kmlsha} SEl~ahk Glml~hd Lkw`~jkalk}hd HelkopQ Nl~d`k$ 80609 D|g}~l`kfhd}|ke %66$ ]lkmlkylk ! R~jndlal ! D÷s|kelk$ L~`of _ofa`m} Wl~dhe+ \auld}n|kmlsha} W`lkkh9 Ajk}hkul~c N~`vdlee ! U`~c|kelk h|g m`l \auld}$ 8002+ WM@!Cjaa`ss`jk ^l`kfhd}|ke ml~ D|g}9 _oful~al}hddl `k ml~ \auld}$ Môssldmj~g$ 806=+ WM@!Nl~`of}l 6?5$ 8002$ r+ <0? ! 78>+ Wl~l`k Ml|}sofl~ @kelk`l|~l$ Nl~`of} >2?$ 8050$ _oful~al}hddl hds D|g}wl~|k~l`k`e|ke ! Ndl`$ Y`kc$ Ohma`|a+ U`dd`has$ ^jp L+9 Uhs}l R~jm|o}`jk hkm M`srjshd `k A`k`ke$ A`dd`ke hkm Al}hdd|~e`ohd @km|s}~`ls$ A`ddl~ G~llahk R|nd+$ _hk G~hko`soj$ 805<+

Ojk}lk}s !

R~lw`j|s ! Klv}

f}}r9**uuu+ols+``so+l~kl}+`k*lkl~ep*FO>52500*FMD*LKW*lkwlk*wjd>?>+f}a &86 jg 86)27*2>*>225 2892=988 r+a+