26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
FACTORES GEOLOGICOS Y DE CIMENTACION DE PRESAS.
En ingeniero i!i" #e en$ren%& & 'n& gr&n !&rie(&( (e )ro*"e+, en "o# 'e e" onoi+i onoi+ien%o en%o (e "& geo"og.& geo"og.& e# nee#&ri nee#&rio/ o/ In('(&* In('(&*"e+en "e+en%e %e &)ren(er &)ren(er +# geo"og.& en e" &+)o en "& )r%i& 'e "& 'e )'e(e en#e&r"e en " &'" o en e" "&*or&%orio (e 'n& e#'e"&/ 3ero e#%e &)ren(i4&5e #er +# $i" +# r)i(o #' &)"i&in +# e7&4, #i en #'# 'r#o# (e ingenier.& #e &n in"'i(o "o# )rini)io# *#io (e "& geo"og.&/ Mereen i%&r#e e#)ei&"+en%e &"g'n !en%&5 e#)ei7& " '&"e# &"g'n (e e"" &" (e#&rro""&re on +# )&'#& & %r&!9# (e" %r&*&5o/ • •
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Conoi+ien%o Conoi+ien%o #i#%e+&%i4&(o (e "o# +&%eri&"e#/ Lo# )ro* )ro*"e "e+& +# (e i+e i+en% n%& &i in n #on #on e# e#en eni i&" &"+e +en% n%e e geo" geo"g gi io/ o/ Lo Lo## e(i7io#, )'en%e#, )re#, o%r on#%r'ione#, #e e#%&*"een #o*re &"g:n +&%eri&" n&%'r&"/ L e;&!&ione# #e )'e(en )"&ne&r (irigir +# in%e"igen%e+en%e re&"i4&r#e on +&or #eg'ri(&(/ E" onoi+ien%o (e "& e;i#%eni& (e &g' #'*%errne, "o# e"e+en%o# (e "& i(ro"og.& i(ro"og.& #'*%errne&, #on e;e"en%e# &';i"i&re# en +' r&+ (e "& ingenier.& )r%i&/ E" onoi+ien%o (e " &g' #')er7i&"e#, #'# e$e%o# (e ero#in, #' %r&n#)or%e #'# #e(i+en%&ione#, e# e#eni&" )&r& e" on%ro" (e " orr orrie ien% n%e# e#,, "o# "o# %r&* %r&*&5 &5o# o# (e (e$e (e$en# n#& & (e + +rg rgen ene# e# o#% o#% "o# "o# (e on#er!&in on#er!&in (e #'e"o# o%r &%i!i(&(e#/ L& &)&i(&( )&r& "eer e in%er)re%&r in$or+e# geo"gio#, +&), )"&no# geo" geo"g gi io# o# %o)o %o)ogr gr7 7o o## $o%o $o%ogr gr&$ &$.& .&,, e# (e gr&n gr&n '%i" '%i"i( i(&( &( )&r& )&r& "& )"&ne&in (e +' o*r/ L& & &)& )&i i%& %&i in n )&r& )&r& re eon ono oer er "& n&%' n&%'r& r&"e "e4& 4& (e "o# "o# )ro* )ro*"e "e+& +# geo"gio#/
Ingenier.& Geo"gi&
Uni!er#i(&( (e Co"i+&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
?Cen%r&"e# i(roe"9%ri #'*%errne@ "& i(e& (e #i%'&r en%r&"e# i(roe"9%ri& o (e *o+*eo #'*%errne e# i %&n onoi(&, 'e &n (e5&(o (e #er no!e(&( en e" (i#eo/ E#%o# e# 'n (e#&rro""o 'e %'!o "'g&r & )&r%ir (e "& #eg'n(& g'err& +'n(i&" &'n'e & 7ne# (e" #ig"o ;i;, 'n& (e " )ri+er en%r&"e# e"9%ri& o i(roe"9%ri& &n&(ien#e# en nig&r& $&""# '%i"i4o e" #'*#'e"o en 'n ier%o gr&(o/ L %'r*in i+)'"#&(& )or &g'& #e #i%'&ron en e" $on(o (e 'n e;&!&ione# ir'"&re# )ro$'n( #e one%&ron on "o# gener&(ore# #i%'&(o# en "& #')er7ie )or +e(io (e e (e &ero, )or e#o, e#%& no )'e(e #er on#i(er& o+)"e%&+en%e #'*%errne&/ ?Ci+en%&in (e )re#@ "& on#%r'in (e 'n& )re#& &"+&en&(or& (e &g'& &"%er& +# " on(iione# n&%'r&"e# 'e '&"'ier& o%r& o*r& (e "& ingenier.& i!i"/ E#%& e# i+)or%&n%e )or "& $'nin 'e (e#e+)e&n@ en e" &"+&en&+ien%o (e &g'& )&r& e" #'+ini#%ro (e &!eni(, rere&in o irrig&in/ ?O*r& (e on%ro" '!i&"@ (e#(e &e +# (e 000 &o# e" o+*re & %r&%&(o (e &+&n#&r &"g'no# (e "o# gr&n(e# r.o# (e" +'n(o/ L )ri+er o*r (e ingenier.& i!i" $'eron on %o(& )ro*&*i"i(&( " (e on%ro" '!i&"/ L& o*r '!i&" e# e#eni& "& reg'"&in (e "& orrien%e n&%'r&" (e" r.o (en%ro (e 'n 'r#o *ien (e7ni(o, gener&"+en%e e" 'e #'e"e o')&r "& orrien%e/ Y& 'e "& (e#!i&in (e" 'r#o )ro*&*"e+en%e o'rrir ('r&n%e "o# )erio(o# (e &'(&" (e &!eni(&, "& o*r& (e on%ro" on#i#%e en reg'"&r "& &!eni(&/ GEOLOGA A3LICADA 3ARA LA CONSTRUCCIN DE 3RESAS/ L& (i$eren%e orien%&in (e " (i#on%in'i(&(e# <5'n% (e e#%r&%i7&in, e#'i#%o#i(&(, $r&%'r&in, $&"", e%/= (e" +&i4o roo#o (e i+en%&in, on(iion& "& )er+e&*i"i(&( "& (e$or+&*i"i(&( (e "& err&(& (e%er+in&n "& %i)o"og.& (e )re#& e"egi(&/ Lo# )ro*"e+ (e (i#o"'in, (i#)er#in, &rr%re, (e$or+&in, +&"& e5e'in (e 7"%ro#, (rene#, on%&%o# on o*r (e $*ri&, e%/, )ro('en ien%o#, ero#in in%ern&, #')er7ie# (e ro%'r&, #i$on&+ien%o, e%/, 'e on(iion&n "& e#%&*i"i(&( )er+e&*i"i(&( (e" on5'n%o )re#&i+ien%o/ En "o# )e%o# i(rogeo"gio#, & )&r%ir (e "& e"&*or&in (e" +&)& (e i#o)ie4 (e('ire+o# 'no# gr&(ien%e# i(r'"io# 'e )or #. +i#+o# no# in(i&rn e" gr&(o (e )er+e&*i"i(&( (e" +&i4o roo#o "& re"&in en%re e" ni!e" )ie4o+9%rio (e" !o e" ni!e" (e" e+*&"#e, no# orien%&r (e" o+)or%&+ien%o )er+e&*"e (e" !o (e" e+*&"#e/ ELECCIN DE LA CERRADA L& e"ein (e 'n& err&(& !iene on(iion&(& )or (i!er#o# e"e+en%o#@ - Con(iion&n%e# Geo+9%rio#/ E" o*5e%i!o e# "& *:#'e(& (e "& +enor "ongi%'( (e err&(& )&r& eono+i4&r "& in!er#in, &'n'e o+o "'ego #e !er "& +enor in!er#in en e" 'er)o (e )re#& o*"ig& & !ee#, & re&"i4&r ineione# (e i+)er+e&*i"i4&in 'o o#%e on5'n%o #')er& & 'n& #o"'in (e err&(& +# "&rg&/ - Con(iion&n%e# Geo%9nio#/ F#%o# (e7nen "& %i)o"og.& (e )re#&, 5'n%o &" e#%'(io (e +&%eri&"e#/ E# $'n(&+en%&" "& (e$or+&*i"i(&( (e" +&i4o roo#o & "& Uni!er#i(&( (e Co"i+&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
or& (e i+)"&n%&r 'n& %i)o"og.& (e )re#& ., &'n'e #ie+)re e# (i$.i" e#%&*"eer 'n ".+i%e, )o(e+o# 75&r en%re 10-1/000 g+2 e" ".+i%e )&r& 'e 'n& i+en%&in )er+i%& &)o&r 'n& )re#& (e $*ri& )&r& 'n ".+i%e in$erior e+)"&4&re+o# 'n& (e +&%eri&"e# #'e"%o#/ - Con(iion&n%e# Hi(rogeo"gio#/ En e#eni& "& 7n&"i(&( (e "& o*r& e# "& (e re%ener &g'& <)er+&nen%e+en%e o %e+)or&"+en%e #i (e#e&+o# re&rg&r &'.$ero#=, )or "o %&n%o (e*ier& #er e" on(iion&n%e )rini)&"/ Se (e*e e#%'(i&r +in'io#&+en%e no #o"o en "& e#%r'%'r& (e "& )re#&, #ino en "o# e#%ri*o# (e "& err&(& $'er& (e "& )re#&, en e" !o !&"or&r eon+i&+en%e "& #o"'in (e i+)er+e&*i"i4&in on5'n%&/ E# i+)or%&n%e on#i(er&r en e#%& !&"or&in 'e " )&n%&"" (e i+)er+e&*i"i4&in (e*en #er +&n%eni( reine%&( )eri(i&+en%e/ - Con(iion&n%e# Me(io&+*ien%&"e#/ Reien%e+en%e 'n& +&or on!iin +e(io&+*ien%&" (e "& Soie(&( 'n &'+en%o (e "& nor+&%i!& & o+)or%&(o e" &'+en%o en n'e#%ro %erri%orio (e L'g&re# (e I+)or%&ni& Co+'ni%&ri& RDA>RD= re'ieren i+en%&ione# en ro&, +ien%r 'e " (e +&%eri&"e# #'e"%o# )'e(en i+en%&r#e en #'e"o#/ CONDICIONANTES GEOLGICOS/ Se )re#en%&n & on%in'&in 'n& #erie (e +e&ni#+o# (e $&""o (e "& i+en%&in (e 'n& )re#& 'e )'e(en &'#&r #' r'in&/ CIMENTACION EN SUELO O ROCA DE BAA RESISTENCIA/ A#ien%o en "& )re#& #o*re #'e"o# *"&n(o# o+)re#i*"e#/ E;i#%en !&rio# %i)o# (e ien%o# en )re#@ (e on#%r'in, (e '+e%&in o (e ""en&(o, (e 'eni& <(e$or+&ione# (i$eri(=/ C'&n(o "o# ien%o# #on (e ier%& i+)or%&ni& #e (eno+in&n o"&)#o#/ A#ien%o )or (ren&5e (e" i+ien%o En 18 e" (ren&5e &'#&(o )or "& e;&!&in (e 'n& g&"er.& (e e;)"or&in )&r& 'n %:ne", P00 + )or (e*&5o (e" $on(o (e" Uni!er#i(&( (e Co"i+&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
!&""e & 1, Q+/ (e (i#%&ni& &'# 'n en%&+ien%o (e "& i+en%&in (e 1P +/ 'n e#%re&+ien%o (e" !&""e (e +/, )ro('ien(o gr&!e# (&o# & "& )re#& *!e(& (e Je'4ier
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Ci+ien%o# on #&"e# #o"'*"e# <e#o#, &"i%, &r*on&%o#= en "o# 'e #e (e#en&(en& 'n )roe#o (e (i#o"'in/ A"g'no# &'%ore# <&+e#, 180= &on#e5&n "i+i%&r e" gr&(ien%e & 0,2 en i+en%&ione# (e e#o/ Ci+ien%o# on ero#in )or K&rr%re (e 7no# <&reni# "i+o"i% e#&+en%e e+en%&(&, &ren +' 7n, "i+o# no )"#%io#, &ri"" (i#)er#i!/= Con%&%o# (e$e%'o#o# (e" e"e+en%o i+)er+e&*"e on "o# e#%ri*o# i+ien%o#
L& $r&%'r&in i(r'"i& #e )'e(e o*#er!&r &" &er en#&o# (e )er+e&*i"i(&( L'geon o ineione#/ E# 'n )roe#o re+on%&n%e, #e )ro)&g& &g' &rri*&/ Ro%'r& ir'"&r >&!orei(& )or *&5& re#i#%eni& (e i+en%&in %&n%o en %&"'( (e &g' &rri*& ern&n(o
Uni!er#i(&( (e Co"i+&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
" &ren 7n o+og9ne, "o# "i+o# <& !ee# %&+*i9n &ren& gr&!&=, )ero re'ieren #&%'r&ione# #')eriore# &" 0 (en#i(&( re"&%i!& in$erior &" / CIMENTACIN EN ROCA <3re#& (e >*ri&= B'4&+ien%o &g' &rri*& in%er#e%&(o# )or $&""& *'4&n(o &g' &*&5o/ Lo# e#%r&%o# &g' &*&5o (e" )ie (e )re#&, o+o on#e'eni& (e " %en#ione# %r&n#+i%i(, )'e(en (e#"i4&r e#)ei&"+en%e #i #' *'4&+ien%o e# +enor (e 0, (e#&)ro!e&n(o e" e$e%o $&!or&*"e (e" e+)'5e )i!o, )ro!o&n(o (e#&"e#, #i &(e+# #e o+*in& on "i%o" <$&"", $r&%'r, e#'i#%o#i(&(, e%/= o*"i' & "& e#%r&%i7&in, #e gener&n ' en i+en%&in 'e &'#&n "& r'in& (e "& e#%r'%'r&/ 3roe%&r 'n& )"&n%& 'r!& )'e(e (i#+in'ir " (i+en#ione# (e " ' (e#&rg&r (e %en#ione# (e "o# e#%r&%o# &g' &*&5o (e" )ie (e )re#&/ B'4&+ien%o &g' &*&5o@ Re#i#%eni&@ en )rini)io "o# e#%r&%o# #e "&!&n en i+en%&in, &)or%&n(o 'n o+)or%&+ien%o $&!or&*"e, )ero (i$ereni&*"e en $'nin (e #' *'4&+ien%o@ B'4&+ien%o# en%re 10 0/ L& )re#& )o(r #er (e $*ri&, )ero (e*er #er (e )"&n%& re%& )&r& no (&r"e 'n& 'r!&%'r& inon!enien%e/ Si #e )roe%&r& (e )"&n%& 'r!&, en "o# e#%ri*o# e" *'4&+ien%o &)&ren%e (e "o# e#%r&%o# "o# on!er%ir.& en #'*ori4on%&"e#, )er(ien(o en e#o# *"o'e# (e )re#&, e" e$e%o $&!or&*"e (e "&!&(o (e "o# +i#+o#/ B'4&+ien%o# en%re 0 60@ on$or+&n *'en i+en%&ione#, )o#i*i"i%&n(o e" e+)"&4&+ien%o (e )re# &ro/ De %o( $or+, en )re# &ro, on!en(r e#%ri*&r (e $or+& 'e " &rg %r&n#+i%i( & "& ro& #e&n "o +# nor+&"e# )o#i*"e# &" #i#%e+& (e "i%o", )&r& &'+en%&r "& e#%&*i"i(&( )or ro4&+ien%o (e e#%o# )"&no# (e (i#on%in'i(&(/ L& (i#)o#iin 'r!& en )"&n%& on 5'n% r&(i&"e# en%re *"o'e# i+)i(e "o# (e#"i4&+ien%o# )&ri&"e# (e*i(o &" &o(&"&+ien%o (e *"o'e#/ Se )'e(en )ro('ir "e!&n%&+ien%o# (e "& i+en%&in &g' &*&5o )or #'*)re#in e;e#i!& 3er+e&*i"i(&(@ )'e(e #er (e$e%'o#&, e#)ei&"+en%e on *'4&+ien%o# in$eriore# & "o# 0 #'e"e re'erir 'n& e#+er&(& )&n%&""& (e ineione#/ B'4&+ien%o !er%i&" (irein )er)en(i'"&r &" r.o@ Re#i#%eni&@ #i o+o #'e"e #er $re'en%e, #e %r&%& (e 'n& &"%ern&ni& (e ni!e"e# *&n(o# <)i4&rr, +&rg, &rgi"i%, e%/= ('ro# <'&ri%, &reni#, e%/= "& &rg& %ien(e & onen%r&r#e en "o# r.gi(o# #i 9#%o# #on #'7ien%e+en%e (e"g&(o#, )'e(en )&n(e&r %r&n#+i%ir "& %en#in & "o# +&%eri&"e# *"&n(o# )"%i7n(o"o#/ L& *&5& re#i#%eni& &" or%e (e "o# ni!e"e# *"&n(o#, 'ni(& & "& $r&%'r&in (e "o# ('ro#, )'e(e )ro('ir e" (e#"i4&+ien%o en 'n )"&no )er)en(i'"&r & "& e#%r&%i7&in/ L& )re#& #'e"e #er (e )"&n%& re%&/ B'4&+ien%o Hori4on%&" Re#i#%eni&@ De#"i4&+ien%o & $&!or (e )"&no#, (i#on%in'i(&(e# o &) (e *&5& re#i#%eni& <*&5o ng'"o (e ro4&+ien%o in%erno o on(iione# re#i('&"e# )or e;i#%ir ro%'r )re!i=, "o&"i4&( en e" on%&%o )re#&-i+ien%o o en i+en%&in/ En e#% err&( en gener&" #on (e#$&!or&*"e# "o# e+)"&4&+ien%o# (e )re# &ro, )o#i*"e# " (e gr&!e(&( $&!or&*"e# "o# (e +&%eri&"e# #'e"%o#/ Uni!er#i(&( (e Co"i+&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
Ci+en%&in eni+& (e 'n& $&""&/ En n'+ero# err&( & #i(o nee#&rio %r&%&r )"&no# (e $&""& +e(i&n%e "& #'#%i%'in (e" re""eno (e $&""& )or or+igone# +or%ero#, e;%r&.(o +e(i&n- %e orro (e &g'& & gr&n )re#in/ E;i#%en n'+ero#o# e5e+)"o#, )ero )or " +&ore# )re#%&ione# re#i#%en%e# e;igi*"e# &" +&i4o roo#o, #on +# $re'en%e# en " )re# *!e(&@ Mon%en&r( <>r&ni&=, Long&ng;i&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
&= 3er+e&*i"i(&( (e "& err&(& L& 4on& (e +&ore# gr&(ien%e# i(r'"io# (on(e #e )ro('en +&ore# $'g e# en e" en%orno (e "& err&(&/ 3or e#%e +o%i!o "& )er+e&*i"i(&( (e "& err&(& e# 'n 'n%o )re$eren%e/ 3&r& &r&%eri4&r "& )er+e&*i"i(&( (e "& err&(&
>&'"%&( (e ingenier.& i!i"/
26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
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26-02-2016 8°A
OBRAS HIDRAULICAS
DIEGO AMAURY LLAMAS MONTES
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