Getoechnical engineering in civil engineering works for design fundations and piles and pile capsDescripción completa
Report on EVE lab submitted during our 5th semester at Tezpur University
Getoechnical engineering in civil engineering works for design fundations and piles and pile caps
Getoechnical engineering in civil engineering works for design fundations and piles and pile capsFull description
libro de mecánica de suelos
Geotechnical Report
William A. Kitch Geotechnical Engineering In the opening chapter of this manual, I write that no significant engineering project has ever been accomplished by an individual. That is cert…Full description
The )irect #hear $o3 te't i' con)ucte) to attempt to )etermine the faiure 'tren!th of the 'oi in 4ue'tion -ith re!ar)' to 'hear( Thi' particuar piece of information i' of vita importance to a !eotechnica a' -e a' a civi )e'i!ner in the re!ar)' to the )e'i!n of an . earth retainin! 'tructure( A 'tructura )e'i!ner ma.5 for e3ampe5 )e'i!n a retainin! -a to a 'uper$ 'tan)ar) $ut the )e'i!n ma. $e fauie) if no con'i)eration of the )e'i!n of the foun)ation of the retainin! -a i' ta*en into account5 the 'tructure ma. fai( There are a num$er of other )e'i!n parameter' that one ha' to ta*e into account other the one' mentione) -ithin thi' report to en'ure a 'tructure )oe' not fai5 thu' it i' a ver. u'efu a''et of information to have at one' )i'po'a -hen in a -or*in! environment 'o a' to account for a po''i$iitie'( Becau'e of thi' factor5 there are a num$er of a$orator. te't' to )etermine5 $e arin! capacitie' a' -e a' 'hear 'tren!th of an. an) a 'oi'( But for thi' performe) practica5 )irect 'hear $o3 te't -i $e of focu'(
1(2(
Proce'' ,oo-e)
The te't -a' performe) $. The Direct #hear Te't E4uipment( ,ir't.5 an in6'itu 'oi 'ampe -a' o$taine) )irect. from 'ite( The propertie' of the 'oi 'ampe -ere maintaine) $. coatin! the 'ampe -ith -a35 a 'tren!thenin! coth an) a!ain -ith another a.er of -a3( 7hen thi' 'ampe arrive) at the a$5 the 'tu)ent' con)ucte) the te't in the attempt to )etermine the 'hear 'tren!th of the 'oi( A core 'ampe -a' ta*en of the in6'itu 'oi 'ampe an) a tota num$er of three 'hear $o3e' mou)' 8% 3 %mm9 -ere pac*e) in the pre'cri$e) metho)( The 'ampe -a' then pace) into the 'hear $o3 -ith the a))ition of the upper an) o-er porou' 'tone' a' -e a' the !rip pate' 'o a' to prevent the 'ampe from 'ippin! out of po'ition( A pre''ure pa) i' pace) on top an) the $o3 it'ef pace) in an outer $o3 that run' hori:onta. on roer $earin!'( Thi' proce'' -a' repeate) a tota of three time' at atere) norma force'(
The foo-in! proce)ure that the 'tu)ent' carrie) out -a' that of po'itionin! the 'hear $oth -ithin the e4uipment an) fa'tenin! the apparatu' in po'ition( A 'ection' of the Direct #hear Te't E4uipment -a' then evee) an) a rea)in! in'trument' -ere po'itione) in or)er to recor) accurate rea)in!'( The norma force -a' then appie) $. mean' of a 'tatic vertica -ei!ht han!er an) the te't i' ao-e) to $e!in( A 'hearin! force -a' appie) $. a hori:onta 'cre- ;ac* at a con'tant rate of 'train( Rea)in!' of the 'hear force -ere recor)e) from the provin! rin! at an increment a' ta$uate) -ithin the ta$e to foo-( An) thu' the cacuation' foo-(
2( Direct #hear Te't Ana.'i' The )irect 'hear te't i' a fair. accurate te't to con )uct if one re4uire' re'ut' in a reative. 'hort perio) of time5 $ut there are a num$er of much more accurate re'ut' o$taina$e $ut )o re4uire en!th. a$orator. te't that ma. ta*e up to a num$er of )a.' even 'urpa''in! an en tire -ee*( 2(1( •
A)vanta!e' of Direct #hear Bo3 Te't Both #hear 'tre'' an) norma 'tre'' on the pane of faiure can $e mea'ure'
•
)irect. It i' po''i$e to maintain a con'tant norma 'tre'' throu!hout the )uration of the
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te't( It i' an ea'ier metho) to u'e -hen te'tin! cohe'ione'' 'oi' It i' ea'ier to mea'ure voume chan!e' to the 'ampe )urin! the te't It i' po''i$e5 -hen ar!e )i'pacement' are invove) to u'e a rever'i$e 'hear $o3
•
to )etermine the 'hear 'tren!th of the 'oi' Di'a)vanta!e' of Direct #hear Bo3 Te't In the te't5 the )i'tri$ution of 'hear 'tre''e' over the pane o f faiure are a''ume)
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to $e hori:onta5 $ut in fact are not Durin! the te't5 )raina!e cannot $e controe)( Thu' pore -ater pre''ure cannot
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2(2(
$e )etermine) or rea)( Thu' one can on. recor) 'tre'' rea)in!' e3pect for -hen • •
the 'hear rate i' *ept ver. 'o- 'o a' to en'ure no ri'e in pore -ater pre''ure The appie) norma 'tre'' cannot $e varie) )urin! the te't The 'hear pane i' pre6)etermine) $. the machine an) the 'ampe i' not ao-e)
to fai on the -ea*e't pane $ut on the force) pane( +( O$tainin! of Re'ut'
It -a' in'tructe) to the 'tu)ent'< $ecau'e of the imite) time ava ia$e to perform the te't'5 that three !roup' 'hou) 'hare rea)in!' -ith one another( #o the foo-in! -a' )one in re!ar)' to our !roup( 7ith the norma force of 2%*!5 !roup 1 con)uc te) thi' te't( 7ith a norma force of +%*!5 !roup " con)ucte) that te't( 7ith a norma force of /%*!5 !roup 2 con)ucte) that te't( Therefore it can $e concu)e) that our !roup con)ucte) the 2%*! te't an) the re'ut' of the +%*! an) the /%*! te't -ere mere. recor)e) from the other !roup' in 4ue'tion( '& #ummar. A 'oi 'ampe5 %=% mm -a' u'e)( The 'ampe -a' pace) in a meta 'hear $o35 an) then fi3e) to the e4uipment( The $o3 i' 'pit into have'( Norma force i' appie) on the 'ampe5 from the top of the 'hear $o3( #hear force i' appie) $. movin! one haf of the $o3 reative to the other to cau'e faiure in the 'oi 'ampe( #train6controe) )irect 'hear te't e4uipment -a' u'e) to )o the te't( A con'tant rate of 'hear )i'pacement -a' appie) to one haf of the $o3 $. a motor that act' throu!h !ear'( The con'tant rate of 'hear )i'pacement -a' mea'ure) $. a hori:onta )ia !au!e( Three 'ampe' -ere te'te) 'eparate.5 -ith )ifferent -ei!ht amount' attache) to the e4uipment5 2%*! for the fir't 'ampe5 +%*! for the 'econ) 'ampe5 an) /%*! for the thir) 'ampe(
(
Concu'ion
On ana.'i' of the re'ut' o$taine) from the 'hear $o 3 te't( It i' )eeme) the re'ut' are accurate a' -e a' reai'tic( The !raph o$taine) in the ) etermination of Phi5 i' theoretica. un)er'tan)a$e an) the vaue o$taine) for an!e Phi i' ;u'tifie)( The )irect 'hear $o3 te't i' not the mo't accurate te't in the )etermination of the 'hear 'tren!th of the 'oi5 $ut it i' in)ee) one of the 4uic*e't an) ea'ie't te't to con)uct( It -ou) )ua. $e the te't recommen)e) to a novice per'on a' the te't to u'e )ue to the effort re4uire) to perform an irre!uarit. i' e3treme. hi!h $ecau'e the actua te't ha' !ot minima human invovement(
Reference( ,un)amenta of !eotechnica en!ineerin!< thir) e)ition< Bra;a >( Da'(
