Presented by: JAN ALLEN S.J. GOMEZ
Arch. Junar Pakingan Tablan Adviser
CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND I.1.1 Introduction
Health is a fundamental right guaranteed by our constitution to all citizens, but health care depends on what each citizen can pay. Health inequity is very evident in our society that the growing disparity in terms of standard in health care for the rich in our country is far different from that for the poor. The quality of public health is a major policy issue in every country, whether developed or developing. Health facilities like public hospitals are important components of the health care system. Despite the progress cited by the national government, the country’s public healthcare system is marred with problems. The lack of health personnel, the absence of adequate facilities, and the poor quality and to access health care are just some of these problems.
I.1.2 Statement of the Problem: The Ospital ng Tagaytay is committed to provide comprehensive and quality
healthcare for the people of the city and nearby areas by complying with the Department of Health’s facilities criteria for classifications of hospitals. This research aims to provide architectural solutions to the current problems of the hospital. •
What facilities are needed to comply with the Department of Health's hospital classification based on the current needs of the community?
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What kind of action plan is needed for the design of the hospital to increase its services capacity and upgrade its capabilities through new facilities?
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What shall be the capacity of the hospitals facilities that shall cater to its target beneficiaries?
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Who shall benefit from this study?
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How can the incorporation of therapeutic environments in the hospitals design help in the healing process of its patients?
I.1.3 Project Goals, Objectives, and Strategy: •
Design and plan the facilities of the Ospital ng Tagaytay that will meet the new requirements of the Department of Health classification of hospitals in terms of services offered and capacity to handle patients.
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The research aims to explore new solutions in designing and planning architectural spaces with the therapeutic effects to the patients.
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Determine the present and future needs and capacity of the hospital with regards to the population of the city.
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Design and plan the hospital that meets the DOH classification by incorporating spaces to the services added by the hospital to meet the requirements.
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Planning the hospital on the premise of new circulation due to the therapeutic based design of the facilities.
I.1.5 Significance of the Study
This research aims to provide creative and technical assistance for future developments of the Osital ng Tagaytay. It aims to provide assitance to the community through architectural solutions that can improve the quality of facilities of the public hospital. The research study aims to assist in the governments efforts of providing quality healthcare to the public by providng future references and benchmark in the creation of public hospitals in other
I.1.6 Scope and limitation The scope of the research shall be with the bounds of the design of the hospital and integrating therapeutic environments in the planning and designing of the facilities. The scope of the study shall also explore new architectural designs, planning of spaces and study of behavioral circulation of the users in the hospital. The assessment of the study shall be limited to 8 years of secondary data. The research is limited to architectural solutions of integrating therapeutic environments in
the design of the hospital. It aims to create and enhance the design of spaces for therapeutic environments and not meddle with management and procedural processes in the hospital.
I.1.7 Assumptions The Ospital ng Tagaytay is the primary public health services provider for the residents of Tagaytay. It is capable of providing complete services under the Level 1 classifiaction hospital of the Department of Health. The hospital accepts all kinds of patients from indigents to the middle class and including persons with disabilities.
I.1.8 Conceptual Framework
CHAPTER 2 I.2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES I.2.1.1 DOH gives hospitals 3 more years to comply with reclassification “The Department of Health and representatives from private hospitals have reached a compromise that will give healthcare facilities a maximum of 3 years to comply with the government's hospital reclassification scheme MANILA, Philippines” - The Department of Health (DOH) and representatives from private hospitals have reached a compromise that will give healthcare facilities a maximum of 3 years to comply with the government's hospital reclassification scheme.
I.2.1.2 The Healing Environment: A Therapeutic Landscape “Passive and active engagement with nature outdoors can, for example, increase positive affect, reduce psychophysiological arousal, and renew an ability to perform tasks that require concentration. This positive affect has
transferred itself indoors to the degree that the access is appropriate and to the extent that the individual is in need of restoration or stress reduction” (Bringslimark, Hartig, & Patil, 2009).
I.2.1.3 Patient comfort Not surprisingly, noise reduction in hospitals is top of mind in hospital facility design. Some 71 percent of respondents said that over the next five years noise-reducing construction materials would be incorporated into design features. And 60 percent of respondents said they are incorporating noise-reducing materials into patient room design. Noise reduction is an area of focus because of the increased emphasis on patient satisfaction and Facility Guidelines Institute (FGI) Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals and Outpatient Facilities issued earlier this year that has a new section on acoustics, including the use of noise-absorbing materials and reducing the amount of hard surfaces in facilities, which can create unnecessary noise, Sprague says.
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
I.3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY EXAMPLES I.3.2.1 Children’s Hospital at Montefiore (CHAM) - INTERNATIONAL The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore CHAM was specifically designed to provide a healing and aesthetic setting for pediatric care. These initiatives at The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore (CHAM) and, help promote well-being among patients, family members and associates by reducing stressors such as noise, glare and clutter; connecting patients and
associates to nature; offering beauty and positive distraction through visual art; and providing space and seating layouts that encourage visitation by family and friends.
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY I.3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY EXAMPLES I.3.2.2 St. Luke's Medical Center Global City - LOCAL St. Luke's Medical Center - Global City's wellness-centered infrastructure, state-of-the-art medical technology and hotel-like ambiance - all combined to help deliver an exceptional patient experience. The exterior of the hospital projects a modern building with its strong linear elements and bold horizontal and vertical features. The materials and color schemes gives us an impression of a state of the art treatment facility. The hospital tries to inject landscape greeneries to soften the design and blend well with the surroundings.
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
I.3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY EXAMPLES I.3.3 RESEARCH DESIGN: CASE STUDY:OSPITAL NG TAGAYTAY Ospital ng Tagaytay was inaugurated on April 25, 1997 and was opened publicly on May 4, 1997. It was dedicated to the people of Tagaytay as well as nearby communities to provide primary care as well. The planned city health center and a lying in clinic was converted into a hospital and is now the Ospital ng Tagayaty located at
Bacolod St. Kaybagal South, Tagaytay City, Cavite.
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY I.3.4 Behavioral Analysis:
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
I.3.6 Research Instrument: Interpritative-Historical Inaugurated on April 25, 1997 and was opened publicly on May 4, 1997.
The planned city health center and a lying in clinic was converted into a hospital and is now the Ospital ng Tagayaty located at Bacolod St. Kaybagal
South, Tagaytay City, Cavite. The hospital was classified as an infirmary before it was classified as Level 1 hospital by the DOH It was first dedicated to serving the people of tagaytay but local officials opened it services to nearby municipalities. In July 2014 it suffered a major damage when typhoon Glenda hit Luzon and they had to close for 40 days for temporary repairs of their roof and
other damaged areas.
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY I.3.8 Research Instrument: Qualitative
CHAPTER 3 I.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY I.3.8 Research Instrument: Qualitative
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS I.4.1 PRESENTATION OF COLLECTED DATA
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS I.4.1 PRESENTATION OF COLLECTED DATA
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
I.4.1 PRESENTATION OF COLLECTED DATA
The hospital has no proper hazardous waste containment / storage area.
Some equipments like gas tanks are set aside on unused counters due to lack of storage spaces.
Makeshift Morgue Proposed area for Blood Station
The location of the proposed bloodstation area of the hospital
Some consultations areas share in a single room, they are divide in cubicles.
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
I.4.3 Presentation of the Collected Data: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) I.4.3.1 Analysis of strength of the facilities: • Very accessible to roads either by public and private vehicles • The hospital have some positive spaces
• The hospital takes advantage of the natural climate • Child friendly ward • The 2nd floor access ramp
I.4.3.2 Analysis of weakness of the facilities: •
Weak exterior design of the building fails to give the impression that the building is a
hospital facility other than the signage. •
The hospital could have exerted an effort in making the interior design more of a therapeutic environment for the patients.
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The number of toilet facilities are not suitable to the amount of users in the building. Some of the toilets are already dilapidated and in need of replacement.
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
I.4.3.2 Analysis of weakness of the facilities: •
The facilities of the hospital lack appropriations for persons with disabilities such as ramps
and toilet facilities for PWD’s •
The main ramp to the second floor is the only access for transporting patients. The problem is it crosses paths with the out patient department and the main lobby that when an unfortunate death of a patient occurs other patients and visitors will be able to see the body being taken out.
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There are a number of provisions in the fire safety code that the design of the hospital didn’t follow and poses a risk in the lives of the people inside the building
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The available space in the building cannot handle anymore expansion or addition of
facilities. •
The exterior of the building lack is landscapes which can help in the appearance of the building. The only positive space in the hospital which is the interior garden is not properly
maintained. •
Some areas of the hospital are very dark when natural lighting does not reach those areas.
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
I.4.3.2 Analysis of weakness of the facilities: •
The sound minimization or sound proofing in the hospital is not evident in the areas and it
contributes to the unnecessary noise especially when there are many patients especially children. •
There is a need for more storage spaces especially in hospital materials and equipment. In some pictures the hospital equipment’s such as oxygen tanks are stored along corridor which can pose a risk to the visitors.
•
The hospital doesn’t have a proper storage and disposal facility for their hazardous wastes.
I.4.3.3 Analysis of opportunities of the facilities: •
Due to the growing population in the city of Tagaytay and the adjacent municipalities there is a foreseen growth in terms of patients in the future.
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The Ospital ng Tagaytay is the only public hospital in Tagaytay city and nearby municipalities which gives it a potential market for accepting indigent up to middle class citizens.
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There is a good potential for introducing new facilities adapting with technology for their convenience.
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The hospital is located in Tagaytay city which very well known for its good climate all year round.
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
I.4.3.4 Analysis of potential threat to the facilities: •
The age and maintenance of the building makes it vulnerable to decay and calamities
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The current capacity and capability of the hospital may not be adequate in the near future.
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Infection and contamination may be prevalent in the hospital without the necessary facilities to contain them.
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Services not found on the current capacity of the hospital may affect its image to the public
as a provider of quality healthcare services. I.4..4 Needs Analysis •
Propose more spaces to add to the current capacity of handling services and patients.
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Propose new spaces for the new services of the hospital to make it a Level 2 hospital
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Propose a new exterior and interior design of the hospital that can promote therapeutic environments to the patients.
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Propose new materials that can help further in the goals of the hospitals and adapt better in the surrounding environment.
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A better design of the facilities that is friendly to persons with disabilities.
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Injects strategies in the appearance of the hospital to promote a therapeutic environment.
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Design the hospital to make it more adaptive to the current and future climate of the area.
CHAPTER 4 I.4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS
I.4.5 Conclusion and Recommendation Based on the analysis of the gathered data, we determined the strength and weaknesses of the hospital’s facilities.We identified the potential risks and opportunities of the hospital to decide on what the hospital needs. The hospital needs to increase its capacity to cater to more patients today and in the future. It needs more capabilities in handling current cases of illnesses and be prepared for
the future. In its vision of providing committed patient oriented healthcare services the proponents for the hospital is recommended to subject the Ospital ng Tagaytay for redevelopment.
In designing of the new Ospital ng Tagaytay strategies must be put in place in order to make the hospital a therapeutic environment for the patients. In redevelopment of the new hospital the new facilities must reduce or eliminate causes of stress in the patients. The new hospital must
provide positive distractions and enable social support to the patient and its immediate families.
Identification and Analysis Chapter III.1 Site Evaluation and Analysis III.1 Criteria for site selection
Existing nearby Buildings: • Tagaytay Sports Complex • Government offices • Residential Houses GOOD: • The site is adjacent to a minor road M. Delos Reyes ave. which connentcs to major roads like Mahogany ave. and Nasugbu Tagaytay Highway. • It is located in the primary urban core of the city inside of the city government center which makes it recognizabe to the citizens. • There are many on going housing developments nearby BAD: The location is a little bit far from major access roads when accesed by foot.
Identification and Analysis Chapter III.1 Site Evaluation and Analysis III.1 Criteria for site selection STREET MAP • The site is located at the adjacent to M. Delos Reyes avenue, which on both ends link to Mahogany ave. and NasugbuTagaytay highway which are major roads. • The north bound side of the street connects to the amadeo bound road.
SOIL MAP • The site is located on a good area of soil which is buildable. • The contour of the land has a mild to generally flat slope and is very suitable for building.
LAND USE MAP • The Location of the hospital is with in the municipal government center on a primary urban core zoning. • The current location of the hospital is near one of the secondary urban core.
Identification and Analysis Chapter III.1 Site Evaluation and Analysis III.1 Criteria for site selection
VEGETATION MAP • The surroundings of the hospital compound is free from vegetation. • The adjacent open land has
ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING
SPACE PROGRAMMING
SPACE PROGRAMMING
SPACE ALLOCATION
SPACE ALLOCATION
SPACE ALLOCATION
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BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS
USER ANALYSIS
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
FUNCTIONAL ZONING
ADJACENCY MATRIX
CIRCULATORY DIAGRAM
ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPTS
The leaf and stone signifies vitality health and stability for the patients
