Hormones Chart

Gland

Hormone

Target tissue

Principle actions

Chemical nature

Hypothalam us

Releasing hormones

Adenohypophys is

peptides

Hypothalam us

Inhibiting ho hormones

Adenohypophys is

Activate release of  adenohypop hysial hormones Inhibit release of  adenohypop hysial hormones

Neurohypop hysis

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

kidneys

Neurohypop hysis

Oxytocin

Adenohypop hysis

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Adrenal cortex

Adenohypop hysis

Melanocytestimulating hormone (MSH)

skin

Adenohypop hysis

Growth ho hormone (G (GH)

Many or organs

1) Uterus 2) Mammar y glands

Conserves water by stimulating its reabsorption from urine 1)stimulates contraction 2)stimulates milk ejection Stimulates secretion of  adrenal cortical hormones such as cortisol Stimulates color change in reptiles and amphibians; various functions in mammals Stimulates growth by promoting bone growth, protein

Peptides(e xcept prolactininhibiting factor, whichis dopamine Peptide (9 amino acids)

Peptide (9 amino acids) Peptide (39 amino acids)

Peptide(tw o forms;13 amino acids and 22 amino acids)

Protein

Adenohypop hysis

Prolactin (PRL)

Mammary glands

Adenohypop  Thyroid –stimulating –stimulating hysis hormone (TSH)

Thyroid gland

Adenohypop hysis

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

gonads

Adenohypop hysis

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

gonads

 Thyroid gland

 Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands

 Thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine)

Most cells

Calcitonin

bones

Para Parath thyr yroi oid d horm hormon one e

Bone Bones, s, kidn kidney eys, s, digestive tract

synthesis, and fat breakdown Stimulates milk production Stimulates thyroxine secretion Stimulates ovulation and corpus luteum formation in females; stimulates secretion of  testosterone in males Stimulates spermatogen esis in males; stimulates development of ovarian follicles in females Stimulates metabolic rate; essential to normal growth and development Inhibits loss of calcium from bone Raises blood calcium level by stimulating bone breakdown; stimulates

protein

glycoprotei n glycoprotei n

glycoprotei n

Amino acid derivative (iodinated)

Peptide (32 amino acids) Peptide (34 amino acids)

Adrenal medulla

Epinephrine(adrenalin e) and norepinephrine(noradr enaline)

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, blood vessels

Adrenal cortex

Glucocorticoids(ex: cortisol)

Many organs

Adrenal cortex

Mineralocorticoids(ex: aldosterone)

Kidney tubules

Pancreas

Insulin

Liver, skeletal muscles, adipose tissue

Pancreas

Glucagon

Liver, adipose tissue

calcium reabsorption to kidneys; activates vitamin D Initiates stress responses; raises heart rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate; dilates blood vessels; mobilize fat; raises blood glucose level Adaptation to long-term stress; raises blood glucose level; mobilizes fat Maintains proper balance of  Na+ and K+ excretion Lowers blood glucose level; stimulates glycogen, fat, protein synthesis Raises blood glucose level; stimulates breakdown of glycogen in liver

Amino acid derivatives

steroid

steroid

Peptide (51 amino acids)

Peptide (29 amino acids)

Ovary

Estradiol

1)general 2) female Reproductive structures

Ovary

Progesterone

1)uterus 2)mammary glands

Testis

Pineal gland

Testosterone

Melatonin

1)many organs 2)male reproductive structures

Gonads, brain. Pigment cells

1-stimulates development of female secondary sex characteristi cs 2-stimulates growth of  sex organs at puberty and monthly preparation of uterus for pregnancy 1)completes preparation for pregnancy 2)stimulates development 1)stimulates development of secondary sex characteristi cs in males and growth spurt at puberty 2)stimulates development of sex organs; stimulates spermatogen esis Regulates biological rhythms

steroid

steroid

steroid

Amino acid derivative