UNIVERSID z AD NACIONAL DE INGENIERÍA "ACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MEC#NICA
DISPARO DEL TIRISTOR CON CIRCUITOS
DOCENTE
“Año de la diversifcación productiva y del del ortalecimiento de la educación” ueves, 1 de octubre del 2015
AREVALO MACEDO, Robinson INTEGRANTES ALVAREZ MUNARRIZ, Sergio Alexis CASTRO MARTÍNEZ, Alexaner
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%acultad de
ÍNDICE OBJETIVOS MARCO TEÓRICO ANÁLISIS Y DISEÑO DE CIRCUITOS PROCEDIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL CUESTIONARIO CONCLUSIONES Y OBSERVACIONES 16 REFERENCIA BIBLIOGRÁFICA !OJA DE DATOS
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01 01 07 11 14
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%acultad de
O!%ETIVOS
D#$%&'( )#()*#+,$ -% -#$.'(, -% +#(#$+,(%$ *$'/-, )#()*#+,$ #/+%('-,$ UJT PUT2
U$'/-, 3,$ )#()*#+,$ -#$%&'-,$ -#$.'('( */ +#(#$+,( *% ')+#5' */' )'('2
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MARCO TE&RICO
DISPARO POR U%T' E3 +('/$#$+,( UNIUNION UJT %$ */ .,.*3'( -#$.,$#+#5, *$'-, %/ 3,$ ,$)#3'-,(%$ -% (%3'')#8/ .'(' %3 -#$.'(, -% +#(#$+,(%$2 E3 UJT %$+9 ),/$+#+*#-, .,( */' (%$#$+%/)#' -% $#3#)#, +#., N +%(:#/'-' %/ -,$ %3%)+(,-,$ , ;'$%$ -%/,:#/'-'$ B1 B<2 E3 5'3,( -% %$+' (%$#$+%/)#' %$+9 ),:.(%/-#-' %/+(% 4 " =>2 E/ */ .*/+, -% %33' $% )(%' */ -#,-, PN *% (%'3#z' 3' ?*/)#8/ -% %:#$,( -%3 UJT2
FIGURA 12 E$*%:' .'(' %3 :,/+'% -% */ UJT
P'(' *% %3 UJT +(';'% ),((%)+':%/+% %$ /%)%$'(#, .,3'(#z'(3, -% ?,(:' '-%)*'-'2 S# 3,$ +%(:#/'3%$ B1 B< %$+9/ .,3'(#z'-,$ %/ -#(%)+, ),/ */' +%/$#8/ VBB $% )(%' */ -#5#$,( -% +%/$#8/ %/+(% %3 ),/+')+, -% 3' (%#8/ P 3,$ +%(:#/'3%$ B1 B< +'3 *% %3 5,3+'% %/+(% 3' (%#8/ P %3 +%(:#/'3 B1 $%(9@
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V RB 1=
RB1 R B 1+ R B 2
%acultad de
∗V BB =µ∗V BB
D,/-%@ RB 1 µ= R B 1 + RB 2
E3 5'3,( +.#), -%3 ),%)#%/+% 3, .(,.,()#,/' %3 ?';(#)'/+% %$+9 ),:.(%/-#-, %/+(% 02 022
FIGURA <2 E$*%:' -% .,3'(#z')#8/ )#()*#+, %*#5'3%/+% UJT
S# ),/ %$+' ),/*(')#8/ $% '.3#)' */' +%/$#8/ VE VC %3 -#,-, $% .,3'(#z' %/ #/5%($, /, ),/-*)#(92 P%(, $# .,( %3 ),/+('(#, $% '.3#)' */' +%/$#8/ VE +'3 *% $% 5%(#)' *% V E V P $#%/-, VP H VC V D VD 3' +%/$#8/ -#(%)+' -% $'+*(')#8/ -%3 -#,-, %3 -#,-, *%-'(9 .,3'(#z'-, %/ $%/+#-, -#(%)+, )#()*3'/-, */' ),((#%/+% %/+(% %3 %:#$,( E 3' ;'$% B12 E$+' ),((#%/+% #/%)+' %/ 3' z,/' -% (%$#$+%/)#' R1 */' ),((#%/+% -% .,(+'-,(%$ K*%),$2 L' /*%5' ),/)%/+(')#8/ -% .,(+'-,(%$ %/ %$' z,/' K')% *% 3' (%$#$+%/)#' R1 -#$:#/*' K')#%/-, ' $* 5%z *% ;'% %3 5,3+'% VC ),/ 3, *% '*:%/+'(9 3' #/+%/$#-'- I E2 D% %$+' :'/%(' $% )(%'(9 */' z,/' -% (%$#$+%/)#' /%'+#5' #/%$+';3%2 S# $% -#$:#/*% 3' +%/$#8/ VEB1 %/+,/)%$ -#$:#/*% IE2 C*'/-, %3 -#$.,$#+#5, '3)'/)% */ 5'3,( #/?%(#,( ' 3' ),((#%/+% -% 5'33% IV '*:%/+'(9 %3 5'3,( -% VEB1 .'$'/-, ' .,3'(#z'( %3 -#,-, %/ $%/+#-, #/5%($,2
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%acultad de
FIGURA 2 C'(')+%($+#)'$ VI -%3 UJT
L' $%)*%/)#' -% +(';', -%3 ,$)#3'-,( -% (%3'')#8/ ),/ UJT $% .*%-% ),:.(%/-%( :%,( ,;$%(5'/-, 3' *('2 E3 ),/-%/$'-,( $% )'(' ' +('5$ -% 3' ?*%/+% K'$+' '3)'/z'( */ 5'3,( *% -%.%/-% -% 3' ),/$+'/+% -% +#%:., '.(,#:'-' -%3 )#()*#+, T2 T = RT ∗C T L' ?(%)*%/)#' -%3 ,$)#3'-,( -%.%/-% -%3 5'3,( -%3 ),/-%/$'-,( C T 3' (%$#$+%/)#' R T2 C*'/-, 3' +%/$#8/ -%3 ),/-%/$'-,( '3)'/z' %3 5'3,( -% VEVEHVCVD $% 33%' ' 3' +%/$#8/ .#), V P2 L' (%$#$+%/)#' %/+(% %3 %:#$,( 3' ;'$% B1 ;'' (9.#-':%/+% -%$)'(9/-,$% %3 ),/-%/$'-,( ' +('5$ -% 3' (%$#$+%/)#' R 1 '.'(%)#%/-, */ .*3$, %/ 3' .*%(+' -%3 T#(#$+,(2 C*'/-, %3 UJT /, ),/-*)% 3' +%/$#8/ %/ %+(%:,$ -% R1 -%;% $%( :%/,( *% 3' +%/$#8/ -% -#$.'(, -%3 SCR2
FIGURA 42 C#()*#+, ?,(:'$ -% ,/-' -% */ ,$)#3'-,( -% (%3'')#8/ ),/ UJT
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%acultad de
E$ #:.,(+'/+% %$),%( */' +%/$#8/ VBB -% '3#:%/+')#8/ '-%)*'-' */ UJT ),/ 3' $*)#%/+% )'.')#-'- -% #:.*3$, VOB12 S# %3 .*3$, )'% K'$+' '3)'/z'( */ 5'3,( )%(, %3 UJT (%)*.%(' %3 %$+'-, -% ;3,*%, 5,35#%/-, %3 ),/-%/$'-,( ' )'('($% .'(' (%.%+#( -% /*%5, %3 )#)3,2 L' (%$#$+%/)#' R< $% #/)3*% .'(' :%,('( 3' %$+';#3#-'- -%3 UJT ?(%/+% ' 3' +%:.%('+*('2 E/ 3' :',(' -% 3,$ )'$,$ %3 5'3,( -% %$+' (%$#$+%/)#' .*%-% $%( )'3)*3'-, '.(,#:'-':%/+% *+#3#z'/-, 3' $#*#%/+% %.(%$#8/@ R2=0.15∗r BB
E3 UJT %$ */ -#$.,$#+#5, :* *+#3#z'-, .'(' %3 -#$.'(, -% 3,$ +#(#$+,(%$2
FIGURA 2 C'(')+%($+#)' #/+%(;'$% -%3 UJT .'(' -#$+#/+,$ 5'3,(%$ -% IE
NOMENCLATURA DEL U%T' A 3' K,(' -% :'/%'( 3'$ K,'$ -% )'(')+%($+#)'$ .'(' '.3#)')#,/%$ .(9)+#)'$ -*('/+% %3 -%$'((,33, -% .(,;3%:'$ %$ :* #:.,(+'/+% ),/,)%( 3' /,:%/)3'+*(' %$.%))' *$'-' .'(' -%+%(:#/'( 3,$ .'(9:%+(,$ .(#/)#.'3%$ -%3 UJT
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%acultad de
TABLA 12 P'(9:%+(,$ .(#/)#.'3%$ -%3 UJT
DISPARO PUT' E3 T('/$#$+,( U/#*/#8/ P(,(':';3% PUT %$ */ -#$.,$#+#5, -% -#$.'(, :* *$'-, %/ 3,$ )#()*#+,$ -% -#$.'(, .,( .*%(+' .'(' 3,$ T#(#$+,(%$2 T#%/% +(%$ +%(:#/'3%$ *% $% #-%/+#?#)'/ ),:,@ )9+,-, = 9/,-, A .*%(+' G2 E3 PUT %$ */ .%*%&, T#(#$+,( ),/ .*%(+' -% 9/,-, .(%$%/+'/-, */'$ )'(')+%($+#)'$ -% -#$.'(, .'(%)#-'$ ' 3'$ -%3 UJT )*'/-, %$ *+#3#z'-, %/ 3,$ ,$)#3'-,(%$ -% (%3'')#8/ .%(, .(%$%/+' 3' 5%/+'' -% .,-%( $%( .(,(':'-, .'(' -%+%(:#/'( %3 5'3,( -% 3,$ .'(9:%+(,$ VP % IV :%-#'/+% */ $%/)#33, )#()*#+, %+%(/, -% .,3'(#z')#8/2 U/' 5%z '-' 3' +%/$#8/ -% '3#:%/+')#8/ +':;#/ %$ )+%Q IV %$ )+%2 E3 PUT .%(:#+% 5'(#'( %$+,$ .'(9:%+(,$ .,( +'/+, $% .*%-%/ ,;+%/%( .%(#,-,$ -% :',( -*(')#8/2
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%acultad de
FIGURA 62 M,/+'% )#()*#+, %*#5'3%/+% -% */ PUT
L' ,.%(')#8/ -%3 PUT -%.%/-% -% 3' +%/$#8/ *% $% +%/' '.3#)'-' %/+(% %3 9/,-, 3' .*%(+' -%3 -#$.,$#+#5,2 E3 5,3+'% -% .*%(+' %$ '-, .,( */ -#5#$,( -% +%/$#8/ *% %$ *+#3#z'-, .'(' .(,(':'( %3 -#$.'(, -%3 -#$.,$#+#5,2 S# %3 5,3+'% -% .*%(+' %$ :',( *% %3 5,3+'% -% 9/,-, %3 PUT *%-' %/ %$+'-, -% ),(+%2 S# $% #/)(%:%/+' %3 5,3+'% -% 9/,-, K'$+' */ .*/+, '3(%-%-,( -% 027V V,3+'% -% ;'((%(' -% 3' */#8/ PN %3 5,3+'% -% .*%(+' K')% *% %3 PUT .'$% ' ),/-*)#( %/ */ .%(#,-, -% +#%:., :* ),(+, :%/,$ -% 1$2 L' +%/$#8/ -% 9/,-, VP *% K')% *% %3 -#$.,$#+#5, $% -#$.'(% %$ '*$+'-' )':;#'/-, %3 5,3+'% -% .*%(+' %$ -%)#( '3+%('/-, 3' (%3')#8/@ R B R A + RB
E/ 3' *(' $% (%.(%$%/+' */ )#()*#+, ,$)#3'-,( ),/ PUT2 L'$ (%$#$+%/)#'$ R1 R< %3 ),/-%/$'-,( C ')+'/ '*$+'/-, %3 (%+('$, -%3 5,3+'% -% .#), VP2 E/ %3 .'$, -% ),(+% ' ),/-*))#8/ '.'(%)% */ .*3$, -% +%/$#8/ VG :',( -% 6 V %/ %3 )9+,-, -%3 PUT2 E$+% $%(9 %3 .*3$, *% '.3#*%:,$ ' 3' .*%(+' -%3 T#(#$+,(2 E3 ),/-%/$'-,( $% -%$)'('(9 ' +('5$ -% 3' (%$#$+%/)#' -% )9+,-, K')#%/-, *% 3' ),((#%/+% )'#' K'$+' )%(, ),(+'/-, -% %$+' :'/%(' '3 PUT2 E/ %$+% :,:%/+, %3 5,3+'% -% 9/,-, $% K')% :%/,( *% %3 5,3+'% -% .*%(+' ),:%/z'(9 ' )'('($% -% /*%5, %3 ),/-%/$'-,( K'$+' '3)'/z'( */ 5,3+'% VP (%.#+#/-,$% -% /*%5, %3 )#)3,2 C*'/-, 3' +%/$#8/ -% 9/,-, VA %$ $*.%(#,( ' VG VGA ),:#%/z' ' ),/-*)#( +#%/% */' )'(')+%($+#)' $#:#3'( ' 3' -%3 UJT ),:, $% .*%-% ,;$%(5'( %/ 3' )*(5' )'(')+%($+#)' VI -%3 PUT T'/+, IP ),:, IV -%.%/-%/ -%3 5'3,( -% 3'$ (%$#$+%/)#'$ RA RB %$ -%)#( -%3 5'3,( -% RG $#%/-,@ R A∗ R B RG = R A + RB
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%acultad de
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
FIGURA 72 C#()*#+, )*(5' )'(')+%($+#)' .'(' */ PUT
III$
#NALISIS ( DISE)O DE CIRCUITOS' PRIMER CIRCUITO@
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%acultad de
R%'3#z'/-, %3 '/93#$#$ -%3 .(#:%( )#()*#+, ' #:.3%:%/+'( +%/%:,$@
FIGURA 2 P(#:%( )#()*#+, ' #:.3%:%/+'( %/ %3 3';,('+,(#, C#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, ),/ UJT
C93)*3, -% RB<@ NOTA@ %3 5'3,( -% / 3, ,;+%/%:,$ -%3 -'+'$K%%+ -%3 UJT
FIGURA "2 T';3' -% .'(9:%+(,$ ,;+%/#-' -%3 -'+'$K%%+ -%3 UJT
D'-, *% %3 5'3,( -% / ,$)#3' %/+(% 026 027 .'(' %3 -#$%&, -%3 )#()*#+, ,.+':,$ .,( *+#3#z'( %3 5'3,( .(,:%-#, /H0262
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R 2=
10
4
n∗Vs
%acultad de
4
=
10
0.655∗30
=509 ( aprox )
C93)*3, -% R.@ 1
T = = R∗C ∗ ln f
(−) 1
1
n
1
→ R∗C = 60∗ ln
(
1 0.345
)
=15.661 m( aprox )
E/+,/)%$@ R > 3 kΩ→C < 5.22 uF C =1 uF → R =15.661 kΩ→Rp =13.461 k ( aprox )
C =0.5 uF→R =31.322 kΩ→ Rp=29.122 k ( aprox ) C =0.22 u F → R =71.186 kΩ→ Rp=68.986 k ( aprox )
C =4.7 u F → R = 3.332 kΩ→Rp = 1.132 k ( aprox )
C93)*3, -% RB1@ S';%:,$ *% THT1T
1 60
−15.661=1.006 m ( aprox )= RB 1∗C
E/+,/)%$@ C =1 uF →RB 1=1.006 k Ω ( aprox)
C =0.5 uF→RB 1=2.012 k Ω ( aprox ) C =0.22 uF →RB 1= 4.573 kΩ ( aprox )
C =4.7 uF→RB 1 =0.214 kΩ ( aprox )
SEGUNDO CIRCUITO R%'3#z'/-, %3 '/93#$#$ -%3 $%*/-, )#()*#+, ' #:.3%:%/+'( +%/%:,$@
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%acultad de
FIGURA 102 P(#:%( )#()*#+, ' #:.3%:%/+'( %/ %3 3';,('+,(#, C#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, ),/ PUT
C93)*3, -% R1 R<@ D'-,$ 3,$ -'+,$ -%3 -'+'$K%%+ '$*:#(%:,$ */ 5'3,( -% RH102
FIGURA 112 E$*%:' )'(')+%($+#)'$ ,;+%/#-'$ -%3 -'+'$K%%+ -%3 PUT
E/+,/)%$
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R 1=
R 2=
10 k
10 k
n
0.7
=
10 k 1−n
=
%acultad de
=14.286 k ( aprox )
10 k 0.3
= 33.333 k ( aprox )
C93)*3, -% R.@ 1
T = = R∗C ∗ ln f
(−) 1
1
n
1
→ R∗C =
60∗ ln
( ) 1
=13.843 m ( aprox )
0.3
E/+,/)%$@ R > 3 k →C < 4.614 u C =1 u → R=13.843 k → R p =11.643 k ( aprox )
C =0.5 u → R =27.686 k → R p= 25.486 k ( aprox ) C =0.22 u → R= 62.923 k → R p=60.723 k ( aprox )
C93)*3, -% R$@ S';%:,$ *% THT1T
1 60
−13.843=2.824 m ( aprox )= Rs∗C
E/+,/)%$@ C =1 u → R s=2.824 k ( aprox ) C =0.5 u→Rs =5.648 k ( aprox )
C =0.22 u→Rs=12.836 k ( aprox )
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IV$
%acultad de
PROCEDIMIENTO E*PERIMENTAL'
A$ PRIMERA PARTE' U%T +N+-
FIGURA 1<2 UJT
12 D#$%&'( % #:.3%:%/+'( %3 )#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, -% 3' *(' .'(' VzH<4V2 D'-, *% 3'$ (%$#$+%/)#'$ ,;+%/#-'$ .'(' R . R;1 R;< /, +#%/%/ 5'3,(%$ ),:%()#'3%$ $% ,.+8 .,( (%%:.3'z'(3'$ .,( .,+%/)#8:%+(,$ 3,$ )*'3%$ (%*3':,$ ' 3,$ 5'3,(%$ (%*%(#-,$2
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%acultad de
FIGURA 12 C#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, ),/ UJT #:.3%:%/+'-, %/ %3 .(,+,;,'(-2 NOTA: !o
se usó el J( propuesto por la #u$a y )ue se muestra en la f#ura 1 *2!+-0., sino un e)uivalente *2!2/+/.
<2 P'(' CH427*F )%(('( %3 #/+%((*.+,( SW1 '/,+% 3, *% ,)*((% 3*%, )#%((% %3 #/+%((*.+,( SW< '/,+'/-, 3, $*)%-#-, 3*%, 5'(#'( RP ,;$%(5% '/,+%2
FIGURA 142 C#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, ),/ UJT ?*/)#,/'/-,2 S% '.(%)#' *% %3 ?,), $% %/)#%/-% '3 .*3$'( %3 #/+%((*.+,(2
A3 .(,;'( %3 )#()*#+, ,;$%(5':,$ *% %3 ?,), $% .(%/-% #/+%(:#+%/+%:%/+% %$+, -%;#-, ' *% %3 ,$)#3'-,( -% (%3'')#8/ ),/ UJT ?*/)#,/' ),((%)+':%/+%2 2 C,3,)'( %3 ,$)#3,$),.#, %/+(% 3,$ +%(:#/'3%$ -%3 ),/-%/$'-,( ('*% 3' ?,(:' -% ,/-'2
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%acultad de
FIGURA 12 F,(:' -% 3' ,/-' %/+(% 3,$ +%(:#/'3%$ -%3 ),/-%/$'-,( ,;$%(5'-' %/ %3 ,$)#3,$),.#,
D% 3' *(' .,-%:,$ ),:.(,;'( *% /*%$+(, ,$)#3'-,( -% (%3'')#8/ ?*/)#,/' ),((%)+':%/+% ' *% $% '.(%)#' 3' )'(' -%$)'(' -%3 ),/-%/$'-,(2
!$ SEGUNDA PARTE' PUT +N.+/ 12 D#$%&'( % #:.3%:%/+'( %3 )#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, -% 3' *(' 10 .'(' VzH0V2
FIGURA 162 D#'(':' %$*%:9+#), -%3 )#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, ),/ PUT ),/ 3,$ 5'3,(%$ -#$%&'-,$ .'(' CH02*F
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%acultad de
D'-, *% 3'$ (%$#$+%/)#'$ /%)%$'(#'$ .'(' 3' #:.3%:%/+')#8/ -%3 )#()*#+, /, +#%/%/ 5'3,(%$ ),:%()#'3%$ $% ,.+8 .,( (%%:.3'z'(3'$ .,( .,+%/)#8:%+(,$ 3,$ )*'3%$ (%*3':,$ ' 3,$ 5'3,(%$ (%*%(#-,$2
FIGURA 172 C#()*#+, -% -#$.'(, ),/ PUT #:.3%:%/+'-, %/ %3 .(,+,;,'(-2
<2 R%.%+#( 3,$ .'$,$ 4 -% 3' .(#:%(' .'(+%2 E$+' %.%(#%/)#' /, .*-, $%( )*3:#/'-' %/ %3 3';,('+,(#, -%;#-, ' 3' ?'33' -% */, -% 3,$ ),:.,/%/+%$ PUT
V$
CUESTIONARIO
1 u3 sucede con la l'mpara cuando aumenta el valor de 4 en ambos circuitos
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%acultad de
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