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Internship Report Submitted By Rehan Aqeel Khawaja Submitted to Human Resource PEL Internship Duration July 2, 2009 to August 13, 2009 Sign up to vote on this title
Useful Not useful Internship Department Finance
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DEDICATION
Dedicated to my family and all those who helped me in this internship
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Acknowledgement Sheet Music
I am really pleased here to acknowledge the sheer efforts of many people those
who have provided me their relentless services in the completion of my Internship and my internship report. I would like to thank personally all finance staff, Mr. Mohammad Hanif, Mr. Manzoor, Mr Amjad, Mr. Tariq Jawed, Mr. Ghulam Murshad, Mr. Umar Zahid, Mr. Tayyab Sharif, Mr. Assad, Mr. Tahir Mehmood, Mr. Nadeem-ud-Din, Mr. Rashid Hanif, Mr Mohsin (CMD), Mr Hasan Raza (HR), Mr. Junaid (BOP) who from there very busy schedule helped me in many ways. May Allah bless you all.
Rehan Aqeel Khawaja
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary…………………………………….……....5 Background of PEL…………………………………….….……6 Business Operation……………………………………………26 Learning as a Student Intern…………………………………40 Problems Encountered………………………………………..49 Other Activities…………………………………………………49 Suggestions:………………………………………….……..….49 Annexure………………………………………………………..51 Glossary…………………………………………………………52 Reference…………………………………………………....….53
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1.0 :Executive Summary Sheet Music
Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) is the pioneer manufacturer of electrical goods in
Pakistan. It was established in 1956 in technical collaboration with M/s AEG o
Germany. In October 1978, the company was taken over by Saigol Group o
Compani Companies. es. Since Since its inceptio inception, n, the company company has always always been been contrib contributin utin
towards the advancement and development of the engineering sector in Pakistan
by introducing a range of quality electrical electrical equipments and home appliances appliances and
by producing hundreds of engineers, skilled workers and technicians through its apprenticeship schemes and training programs.
I did my internship in the Finance department of PEL. I learned a lot during my internsh internship ip period. period. There are five section sections s in Finance Finance departm department. ent. Those
Material Material managem management ent section, section, Corporat Corporate e Finance Finance section section,, Budgeti Budgeting ng section section
Treasury section and Accounts Receivable section. Each of the section has its
own significance and importance. Each play an important role in the working o Finance department.
Material Management section deals with the raw materials being purchased and
shipment. It deals with the pledging of finished as well as raw materials under the custody of different banks. PEL is currently dealing with over 15 banks.
Corporate Finance deals with the leasing, loan and guarantees. It is also one o the important parts of Finance department.
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Budg Budget eting ing secti section on forec forecas asts ts annua annuall sales sales,, expe expend nditu itures res and and costs costs for for
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2.0: Background of PEL Sheet Music
Vision: Vision:
To exce excell in provi providin ding g engin engineer eering ing good goods s and servic services es throu through gh contin continuou uou improvement.
Mission: Mission: •
To provide quality products and services to the complete satisfaction o
our customers and maximize returns for all stakeholders through optima use of resources. •
To focus on personal development of our Human Resource to meet future challenges.
•
To promo promote te good good gove govern rnanc ance, e, corpo corporat rate e value values s and a safe safe work work environment with a strong sense of social responsibility.
Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) is the pioneer manufacturer of electrical goods in
Pakistan. It was established in 1956 in technical collaboration with M/s AEG o
Germany. In October 1978, the company was taken over by Saigol Group o
Compani Companies. es. Since Since its inceptio inception, n, the company company has always always been been contrib contributin utin
towards the advancement and development of the engineering sector in Pakistan Sign up to vote on this title
by introducing a range of quality electrical electrical equipments home appliances appliances and Not useful Usefuland
by producing hundreds of engineers, skilled workers and technicians through its
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Pakista Pakistan n Chambers Chambers of Commerc Commerce e & Industry Industry (FPCCI) (FPCCI).. Annual Annual Environm Environm Sheet Music
Excellence Awards are designed to recognize and promote the organizations
which make an outstanding contribution to sustainable development. They aim to
highlight policies, practices, practices, processes and products products from all sectors of business busines
in the country, which help to achieve economic and social development withou detriment to the environment and natural resources.
Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) was awarded 6th Annual Environment Excellence
Award for best Health, Safety and Environment performance. The Award was
presented presented to Pak Elektron Limited in a graceful graceful ceremony; held on July 09, 2009
at Hotel Sheraton, Karachi. Mr. Hameed Ullah Jan Afridi, Federal Minister fo
Environment, honored the ceremony by as chief guest whereas Mr. Askri Taqvi Minist Minister er for Envir Environm onmen ent, t, Sindh Sindh presi preside ded d over. over. Javed Javed jabber jabber (Glob (Global al Vi
President IUCN), Dr. Kaiser Waheed (Chairman NFEH) and Naeem Quresh
(Pres (Presid ident ent NFEH NFEH)) were were also also prese present nt on the the occas occasion ion.. Mr. Yaqu Yaqub b Taba Tabasum sum
(Project Manager Unit-II) received the Environment Excellence Award on behal of PEL. Health & Environment National Excellence Award-2008
On the basis of sound Health, Safety & Environmental performance; PEL was
These selected selected for 4th Health & Environmental Environmental NationalSign Excellence Award-2008. up to vote on this title
Useful Pakistan Trust, Not useful awards are offered by Help International International Welfare in collaboration collaboration
with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Association of Pakistan. The award
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Best Environmental Reporting Award Sheet Music
Pak Elektro Elektron n Limited Limited (PEL) (PEL) was awarde awarded d the Best Best Environ Environmen mental tal Reporti Reporti
Awar Award d for for 2008 2008 at the 7th ACCA ACCA-W -WWF WF Paki Pakista stan n Enviro Environm nment ental al Repor Reportin tin
Awards (PERA) ceremony held on Earth Day; April 22, 2009 at the Serena Hotel Islamabad. Endo Endors rsed ed by the the
Mini Minist stry ry of Envi Envirronme onment nt and and
IUC IUCN
Paki Pakist sta an; thes thes
Envi Enviro ronm nmen enta tall Awar Awards ds were were laun launch ched ed in 2002 2002 to reco recogn gniz ize e and and rewa rewa comp compan anies ies that that repor reportt corpor corporat ate e envir environm onment ental, al, socia sociall and and susta sustaina inabil bil performance to a broad range of stakeholders. The company comprises of two divisions: •
Appliances Division
•
Power Division
2.1: APPLIANCES DIVISION This Division of PEL consists of appliances manufacturing. PEL Air Conditioners PEL PEL wind window ow-t -typ ype e air air cond condit itio ione ners rs were were intr introd oduc uced ed in 1981 1981 in tech techni ni
collaboration collaboration with General Corporation of Japan. Ever since their launch, PEL ai
conditioners have a leading position in the market. PEL air conditioners cooling Sign up to vote on this title
performance performance has been tested and approved by Copeland and ITS USA. With
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shift of users preference from window type to split type air conditioners, PEL has
started manufacturing split type air conditioners. The PEL is currently producing 8
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with M/s IAR-SILTAL of Italy. Like the air conditioner, PEL's refrigerators are also Sheet Music
in great demand. Today, PEL Crystal has 30% market share. Its cooling
performance is tested and approved by Danfoss, Germany and its manufacturing facility is ISO 9002 certified by SGS Switzerland. The PEL is currently producing 6 models of Refrigerators. PEL Deep Freezers PEL deep freezers were introduced in 1987 in technical collaboration with M/s
Ariston of Italy. Because of durability and high quality, PEL deep freezers are the preferred choice of companies like Unilever. PEL Microwave Ovens PEL is currentl currently y producin producing g two division divisions s of Microwa Microwave ve ovens. ovens. i.e. Silverli Silverli Ovens and Microwave Ovens. And each division contains further models. PEL Washing Machines
PEL is currently producing two models of washing machines, catering to the needs of different consumers. PEL Water Dispensers
PEL is currently producing two categories of water dispensers and those are Sign up to vote on this title Silverline and Lifestream.
PEL Generators
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of Saigol Group, PEL is now technology forerunner and market leader in Sheet Music
providing new products and services to meet ever changing and technology intensive needs of its customers. Our EPC contracting division delivers custom designed and built HV and EHV grid stations, electrification of housing projects, industrial parks and optimum solutions for power utilization to all kinds of industries and commercial customers. The company aims to maintain this competitive edge and at the same time keep striving to improve it further by continuous R&D, creating new knowledge and adapting to global developments in technology and product design. Ever increasing local market share, growing
export orders, numerous successful power projects and greater than ever base o satisfied customers are evidence to these aspirations.
Works of PEL are spread at two facilities in Lahore, the historical city and cultura
hub of Pakistan. The two facilities cover an area of 1,033,200 Sq ft and 614,252
Sq ft respectively. Both are equipped with latest technology, state of the ar
testing facilities and environment friendly production process. At the heart o
company’s operations is its human resource. PEL invests heavily on professiona
deve develop lopme ment, nt, skill skill impro improve veme ment nt and and well well being being of its human human resou resourc rce. e. Ou employees are our most valuable asset and we keep them very dear.
PEL Power Power Divisio Division n manufac manufacture tures s energy energy meters, meters, transfo transforme rmers, rs, switchge switchgears ars
Kiosks, compact stations, shunt capacitor banks etc. All these electrical goods
are manufactured under strict quality control and Sign in accordance with up to vote on this titleinternationa standards. Useful Not useful
PEL PEL is one of the major major electr electrica icall equip equipme ment nt suppl supplier iers s to Water Water and Powe Powe
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•
Harza Engineering Company, USA
•
Snam Progeti, Italy
•
Societe Dumezm, France
•
Miner & Miner International Inc. USA
•
Ensa, France
PAK ELEKTRON LIMITED PEL
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In spite of stiff competition from emerging local and multinational brands, PEL
Group's appliances and electrical equipments have remained in the spotlight due
to constant innovation. Strategic partnership with multinationals of repute have
enabled the PEL Group to incorporate new technologies into existing produc
ranges, thus giving the Pakistani market access to innovative, affordable and quality products.
EPC Contracting With With restru restruct cturi uring ng of powe powerr sect sector or in Pakis Pakistan tan and and increa increase se in econ econom om
commer commercial cial and industri industrial al activity activity,, more more and more more power power utilitie utilities s and othe
custo custome mers rs demand demanded ed high high value value packa packaged ged solut solution ions s for for their their trans transmis missio sio
system and enterprise electrification requirements. To meet this demand PEL
established an Engineering Procurement and Construction division. PEL EPC
Divisi Division on cons consist ists s of huma human n resour resource ce with with high high acad academ emic ic qual qualifi ifica catio tions ns an
experience of local as well as global market. The EPC division delivers custom designed and built solutions in following areas. •
132kV and 220kV grid stations for power utility companies. Sign up to vote on this title
•
Useful 132kV and 11kV substations for industrial and commercial customers. Not useful
•
Integration of private captive power generation plants into utility network f
l
f
th i
l
t
t
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Technical support and solution
Our turnkey power supply systems give you unique value added services. In
addition to employing its own resources, PEL keeps a well managed supply chain
of internationally renowned manufacturers manufacturers and service providers to complete complete the
project scope. As such, the end product is a reliable, high quality and price-wise most optimum solution.
Projects completed 1. 132/11kV 132/11kV AIS Satellite Town substation, substation, Rawalpindi Rawalpindi Pakistan Pakistan 2. 132/11k 132/11kV V GIS DHA substati substation on Islamabad Islamabad-Pa -Pakist kistan an 3. 132/11k 132/11kV V AIS Ghuinke Ghuinke substation substation,, Sialkot-Pa Sialkot-Pakist kistan an 4. 132/11k 132/11kV V AIS Kamra Kamra substation substation,, Attock-Pak Attock-Pakista istan n 5. External Electrification Electrification of Askari Askari Villas Villas Phase-II, Phase-II, Lahore-Pakistan Lahore-Pakistan 6. Kohinoor City Faisalabad Faisalabad (Electrific (Electrification ation & Networking) Networking) 7. Supply, supervis supervision ion of installation installation and and testing testing of MV and and LV equipment equipment f external electrification of DHA Phase-6 Lahore-Pakistan 8. Exter External nal Electr Electrifi ificat cation ion of Natio Nationa nall Unive Univers rsity ity of Scien Science ce & Techn Technolo olo (NUST) Islamabad-Pakistan 9. External electrification electrification of Iqbal Avenue Avenue housing housing society society Lahore-Pa Lahore-Pakistan kistan Projects under construction Sign up to vote on this title
1. 132/11kV 132/11kV GIS GIS Sheranwala Sheranwala Gate substation, substatio n, Useful Lahore-Pak Lahore-Pakistan istan useful Not 2. 220kV 220kV Dadu Dadu grid statio station n Extensio Extension n Dadu Dadu – Pakistan Pakistan 3. 132/11kV 132/11kV FIEDMC AIS substation substation Faisalabad-Pakista Faisalabad-Pakistan n
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Power Transformers Sheet Music
Extensive Extensive experience experience and success in manufacturing manufacturing distribution transformers led
to the establishment of power transformer division in 2005. Since its birth the
divisi division on has has produ produce ced d transf transform ormer ers s of rating ratings s 31/40 31/40MVA MVA,, 20/2 20/26MV 6MVA, A, an
10/13MVA for ratings up to 132 KV. In order to provide its customers the best o
technology and products of international competence, PEL has combined its techn technic ical al exper expertis tise e with with GANZ GANZ,, a renow renowne ned d and and expe experie rience nced d Hung Hungar ar transformer manufacturer.
PEL is also exporting Power Transformer to International customers for thei
special requirements and specifications. PEL power transformers are equipped
with best transformer accessories like OLTC from MR (Germany), High Voltage
Bushing from PASSONI & VILLA (Italy), Buchholz Relay from EMB (Germany)
insulation material from WEIDMANN (Switzerland), silicon steel from THYSSEN (Germa (Germany), ny), and cooling cooling fans from SCHORM SCHORMANN ANN (Germa (Germany). ny). Material Material of
windings is usually 99.99% pure electrolytic copper. Multiple conductors as wel as CTC are used in winding. The magnetic cores are manufactured from cold
rolled grain oriented (CRGO) steel sheets. A robust clamping structure, jointing
technique and cutting and mitering of laminations ensure low no load losses. The
steel sheets in the core limbs and in the yokes are clamped together by glass epoxy bands.
Tank is constructed with boiler steel plates welded together and a cover plate
up to vote on this title bolted on top. Strength is ensured by stiffeners. Sign Earthing terminals are attached
Useful Not useful to both sides of tank. Measuring Instruments are installed on cover plate. Surface
protection is done by the process of sand blasting and by applying weathe
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These transformers transformers are tailor made for various ratings. IEC or national standar
are followed. We offer distribution transformers voltage up to 33 kV and ratings up to 30 MVA.
PEL offers transformer tanks with corrugated walls, detachable radiators and
tubular arrangement. The corrugated tanks have a better cooling efficiency, since
the fins are expandable. Tanks are hermetically sealed where possible. In orde to meet meet soph sophis isti tica cate ted d requ requir irem emen ents ts of cust custom omer ers s PEL PEL has has also also star star
manufacturing transformers with foil winding. Foil winding efficiently uses space whic which h resu result lts s in size size redu reduct ctio ion. n. It has has bett better er heat heat diss dissip ipat atio ion n and and al increases potential to withstand short circuit current. PEL transformers are available for various applications: •
Distribution Transformers (Pole /Pad Mounted)
•
Auto Transformers
•
Furnace Transformers
•
Welding Transformers
•
Chokes for furnace Transformers
•
Any other special requirement
Dry Type Transformer Introduction The demand of electricity in Pakistan has been increasing rapidly in the last few
Sign up to vote on this title areas, years. There is a mushroom growth in the high rise buildings, shopping
Due to the scarcity of space in CNG and petrol stations, residential colonies, etc. Useful
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cities, installation of conventional oil type transformers in such congested and
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transformers not only offers in-build safety feature but there are many other advantages of using these transformers such as improved reliability, reduced losses, minimal maintenance, enhanced overloading capability etc. Energy Meters PEL is currently producing the following type of energy meters: •
Single Phase Static Energy Meters Single Phase Electromechanical Energy Meters
•
Poly Phase Static Energy Meters
•
Poly Phase Electromechanical Energy Meters
•
Switchgears The The switc switchge hgears ars are basic basical ally ly the pane panels ls throu through gh which which the the other other electr electr
equipments equipments can be handled. They are mostly used in industries. industries. PEL is currentl producing switchgears for MV equipments and LV equipments.
The main Customers of PEL
The customers of PEL can be categorized in two categories i.e. home consumers
and industrial consumers. Home consumers are the common individuals who mostly purchase the home appliances. The industrial consumers are as follows: •
LESCO
•
GEPCO
•
FESCO
•
IESCO PESCO
•
MEPCO
•
HESCO
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•
HR & D
•
IR & A
•
Finance
•
IT
•
FP & Commercial
•
Accounts
PAK ELEKTRON LIMITED PEL
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Marketing and Sales: Marketing AD • •
Marketing PD
•
CMD
CSD Production Department: •
•
Production AD
•
Production PD
Customer Service Department (CSD) CSD is a custome customerr service service departmen departmentt under under the Marketing Marketing Head. Head. Where Where
after after sale sale servi service ce is provi provide ded d to satis satisfy fy custo custome mers rs having having proble problem m in the appliances. PEL is well known for their customer care service. Credit Control Department (D&C)
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D&C is a credit control department department under the Marketing Marketing Head. A responsibility responsibility o
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Consumer Marketing Department (CMD) Sheet Music
This departmen departmentt is basical basically ly under under the marketi marketing ng departm department ent.. At the start thi
department did not exist in the hierarchy but with the passage of time and with
the success of easy installment scheme, this department came into being. The
reason is that in the start this department’s target market was Lahore and its
workforce had only 8 persons and now after 2 years of its establishment it has
covers major cities of Pakistan and it has workforce of 45 and they are recruiting more to cover these areas fully.
There are many regional offices in major cities for example in Multan, Sahiwal Karac Karachi hi,, Hyder Hyderab abad ad,, Faisa Faisalab labad, ad, Gujra Gujranw nwala ala,, Hattar Hattar,, Rawa Rawalpi lpind ndi, i, Sialk Sialk
Bahawalpur, Sukker, Sargodha and AJK (Azad Jammu Kashmir) and the head office is in the factory that is Consumer Marketing Department.
This scheme is well received so its now on expansion. This scheme is only in big cities cities.. The The target target mark market et of this this schem scheme e is Gover Governm nment ent emplo employe yees es or Sign up to vote on this title
emp employe loyees es of
thos those e
comp compan anie ies, s,
whic which h
h ave aveUseful sign signed ed NotMemo Me mora rand ndum um useful
Understanding (MOU) with the bank who is financing. Why so? It is because
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Human Resource Department Sheet Music
Human Resource Department is the most important and key department of every organization. It not only deals with the employees of the organization but also help in management of the affairs of the company. PEL PEL has has a full full fled fledge ge HR Depa Depart rtme ment nt know known n as HR&A HR&A or admi admini nist stra rati ti
department with the staff strength of 38 employees. The GM is the top executive
in the HR department and there is one manager of HR to facilitate the work o G.M. and 2 personnel and an admin officer.
HR Department’s activities are spread over the whole organization. The following areas come under direct supervision of HR department at PEL.
Hiring and right sizing of employees
Training and development
Compensation system
Security and fire fighting
Gate supervision Telephone exchange
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officer. He is also responsible for the fire fighting activities and for the placemen Sheet Music
and checking of all the fire fighting equipments. For the purpose of security and
for the visitors there are two gates under the supervision of a supervisors with
two gate assistants who are responsible for all the in and out transport and movement activities in the organization.
There is a telephone exchange in the organization having a facility of 13 lines
The organization is providing the basic necessities to the workers e.g. flour
ghee, sugar etc. from the fair price shop at very controlled price and quality
Because this is part of fringe benefits that are provided to the employees. There is a fair price supervisor who is responsible for the purchase and distribution.
PEL is also providing the facility of mess to the workers and as well as officer
Mess is provided at very nominal charges. Mess supervisor is responsible for the purchases and cooking.
There is not a particular hospital in PEL but there is a dispensary with two
Sign up to vote on this titleand for any dispensers and one senior dispenser. For the medical check ups
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detailed curves the employees are sent to social security hospital.
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mana managem gement ent is vital vital for every every busine business ss conce concern rn and and PEL is not lackin lackin Sheet Music
behind over here.
At PEL finance department for both division (Appliance and Power) is separate
but but their their proce procedur dure e are same. same. To contr control ol both both anot another her depa departm rtmen ents ts calle calle “Finance Center” is established. Functions of finance are:
Perf Perfor orm m as a work workst stat atio ion n and and as an inte integr grat ated ed circ circui uitt amon amongs gstt department of the company.
Arrange monetary resources / funds at favorable prices and at prope time.
Allocate resources / funds throughout the organization.
Deal with banks, investment firms, modarabas, government departments
of Appliance and power division calculate and keep employees salarie record.
Carr Carry y out out fina finall audi auditi ting ng of fina financ ncia iall reco record rds s prep prepar ared ed by Acco Accoun un department of Appliances and power division. Sign up to vote on this title
Income Tax /Sales Tex Recording
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Employees Salary Recording Sheet Music
Controlled Controlled by Account Officer, Officer, this section is responsible for keeping three types of emplo employee yee’s ’s salar salaries ies recor record. d. These These record records s perta pertain in to worke workers, rs, staff staff an officers / managers.
When a person joints the organization he needs to submit a joining report to
HR&A for verification. Only those employees are eligible for salaries that have
salary authorization and appointment letter issued by HR&A department. Every
month HR and A department send an absentees report to salary controller o Finan Finance ce Cente Center. r. This This list list cont contain ains s names names of those those emplo employe yees es who who were were
unauthorized leave. The salary controller deducts required amount of money fo
unauthorized leave. No salary is deducted if casual / sick / earned leave is properly applied for.
The monthly salary record of each employee is entered in the permanent master file of computer. Necessary changes are made if any increment is observed in the employee’s salary.
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Administration (IR & A)
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Provide assistance to all departments regarding material
Sheet Music
Procurement
PEL has state of the art methods of production and they also outsource the
products and raw material not only from Pakistan but also from Asia, America
Europe, and Africa. So for this purpose PEL has two different departments fo procurement, which are:
Local Procurement
Foreign Procurement
Local Procurement
Local Procurement department is responsible for all the raw materials that are
required for making various products products in the factory. It includes from nails to large
metal sheets. At the start of each financial year they receive a major plan from
the management, management, which highlights all the raw material required for each product Sign up to vote on this title
useful Useful Dates and maximum time limit for raw material requirement is Not also mention in this
major plan.
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Foreign Procurement Sheet Music
Responsibilities and duties are same as Local procurement but they vary in the
dimension that, they have to arrange the raw material from abroad. They also
receive same plan as local procurement procurement for the whole financial year and develop milestones to carry out the plan execution properly.
The skill of this department is to purchase the raw material in the optimum cos
that that best best sati satisf sfy y the the need need of prod produc ucti tion on depa depart rtme ment nt and and also also to fina financ nc department in quality as well as in monetary terms respectively. Internal Audit The The inte intern rnal al audi auditt depa depart rtme ment nt is made made to keep keep reco record rd and and trac track k of ea department. The main responsibilities of this Dept are as follows:
How things are working in each department?
Avoiding of illegal use of company resources.
Sign up to vote on this title
Not useful Creating a check and balance procedures forUseful each department.
Keeping track for misuse of responsibilities.
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Troubleshooting and problems facing in computers.
Installing and deletion of software’s.
Right protection and issuance.
Developed and maintain internal network.
Developed and maintain domain of each person.
Create and enhance internal software’s running currently.
Hardware and all software issues.
Sheet Music
Production
Production Production department’s key responsibility is to develop and create products tha
are required for the specific department. They also receive a major plan for the
whole financial year that indicates the number and models of each brand and the
deadline time for each lot. PEL’s production production department is comprised of differen unit units s acco accord rdin ing g to the the prod produc ucts ts.. Foll Follow owin ing g are are the the name names s of prod produc ucti ti department: Sign up to vote on this title
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Refrigerators Production Department.
Transformers And Switchgears Production Department
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Functions Sheet Music
This particular department has the responsibility to prepare and keep an upto date record of following:
Financial keep of daily, including the income statement and balance sheet.
Book keeping of daily monetary transactions.
Production maintenance reports
Cost data on labor, materials and overheads.
Remittances and loans
Expense reimbursement
Tax statement
Fina Financ ncia iall deal deals s with with the the bank banks, s, leas leasin ing g comp compan anie ies, s, moda modara ra
companie companies, s, DFIs and other other governme government nt agencies agencies through through Financ Financ Center.
The The fina financ nce e depa depart rtme ment nt main mainta tain ins s reco record rd of all all its its expe expens nses es thro throug ug Sign up to vote on this title
vouc vouche hers rs.. Gene Genera rall lly y the the foll follow owin ing g type types s ofvouc vo uche hers rs are areuseful used used for for th Useful Not purpose.
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3.0: Business Operation 3.1: Organizational Structure See annexure 1 at the end 3.2: SWOT Analysis The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of PEL are discussed below: Strengths
PEL has the following strengths and is in more competitive position in these areas than its competitors. Following are the main strong points of PEL:
Strong brand image
Strong dealer network
Strong quality, sale and service
Market leader in WRAC
Number 2 in refrigerators in Pakistan
Strong grip in home appliances
Strong Management
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Strong Brand Image Sheet Music
PEL has created the strong brand image in the mind of the customers through
higher quality and low price. The customers of the PEL always prefer to buy the
PEL PEL home home appli applianc ances es like like WRAC WRAC split split AC and and refrig refrigera erator tors s whene wheneve verr the
wanted to buy. PEL is a popular company in Pakistan and every one knows
about the PEL products and its brand. That’s why PEL selling of WRAC are ver high in the market than the competitors selling. Strong Dealer Network
It is also the plus point for the PEL that it has also developed the strong dealer
network in the market. The dealers are always trying to sell the PEL appliance to
the customers because they know there are high margin in the PEL products
They can get more money after selling the PEL products. The management o PEL PEL also also provid provides es more more incent incentive ives s to their their deale dealers rs than than their their comp competi etitor tor Deale Dealers rs are are very very consc consciou ious s abou aboutt the PEL PEL produ products cts and and always always guide guide
customer in buying the PEL appliances and tell them the more qualities of PEL Sign up to vote on this title
products than others products.
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then he tells the other ten persons that they should buy the PEL products. It is Sheet Music
the free publicity of PEL products that PEL Company gains. Market leader in WRAC (Window Room Air Conditioner)
It is another strong point that PEL is a market leader in WRAC. The window room
air conditioner is more demanded by the customers than its competitor’s ai
conditioners because it has more durability in operating systems and cools the
room in few minutes. PEL always strives to provide the innovative features in
WRAC. PEL air conditioner is cheaper and has a higher quality than others WRAC. That’s why customers always purchase the PEL window air conditioner. Number 2 in Refrigerators in Pakistan
After After the Dawlanc Dawlance e refrige refrigerato rators rs PEL has a second second positio position n in refriger refrigerator ator market. PEL always continuously strives to pursue the strategies strategies adopted by
competitors. As a consequence the price war starts among the companies so each each com company pany redu reduce ces s the the pric prices es and and try try to incr increa ease se the the sale sales s of
refrigerators. PEL is also making efforts for theSign quality improvements than its up to vote on this title
competitor Dawlance.
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Strong Management Sheet Music
It is another plus point that PEL has a strong management. Its employees are
more competent and fully skill and knowledge. They always cooperate the top
management in achieving the goals that are assigned to them. Employees are
well aware about the company objectives and so they are committed to the development of company. Distribution of Authority Top management of PEL delegates the power to the subordinates for achieving the marketing objectives in a specified time period. So every manager has an
authority that use in achieving the Goals. He can easily handle the complaints of customers and try to satisfy them. So it is a strong point for the PEL because there is decentralization of powers. Strong Research and Development Department
PEL has a strong research and development department that is continuously
up to vote on this title trying to develop new features for the products.Sign R&D department spends huge
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amount amount of money money for the developm development ent of product. product. R&D makes makes research research fo
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Free Customer Service Sheet Music
PEL PEL provi provides des free free cust custom omer er servic service e for for one year year to its cust custom omers ers.. So
customers always buy the PEL products due to its free service and it becomes
loyal customer for the PEL. PEL always provides help to their customers fo
repairing the WRAC, Refrigerators and other items. PEL always make efforts to satisfy the customers. Public Limited Company
Although PEL is owned by the SAIGOL GROUP but its shares can be purchased
and sold in stock exchange market. So every one who is interested in purchasing
the shares of PEL he can purchase. It is also called public limited company. So people are more interested in buying the PEL products. Weaknesses
Like other companies PEL has some weaknesses in operating the business
If PEL overcome on these weaknesses then it can become a market leader in
the home appliance. PEL loose some competitive edge in the following points Sign up to vote on this title
Lack of advertisement
System variations
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Lack of Advertisement Sheet Music
It is a second major weakness of PEL that it never makes advertising on TV. Tha
creates hurdle in selling the products and customers cannot know the changes
which are made in products by the company time to time. Company is not in a
position that it made advertising of all their products on a wide range because o its high high cash cash requi require reme ment nt towa towards rds the the produ producti ction on side. side. Due Due to this this probl probl company always make efforts to develop strong relationships with dealers. System Variations
It is also the main weakness of PEL that there are rapidly a change in polices o
selling the products. That’s creates problems for the selling team how to sell the
products to the dealers because the top management requires the urgent amoun
of money. So selling team sells the products sometimes on hard cash that wil
reduce the prices of products that gives the benefits to the dealers and creates problems for the management. Lack of Product Range
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PEL has introduced more products of consumer items but there are more needs
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Less Utilization of Capacity Sheet Music
Due to lack of finance a company cannot utilize all its resources on its ful
capacity. It increases the cost of products per unit that decreases the profi marg margin in of each each cons consum umer er item. item. Some Sometim times es comp compan any y cann cannot ot alloc allocate ate resou resourc rces es accor accordin ding g to the requir requirem ement ents s of prod product uction ion depar departm tmen entt th
becomes the problem for the complete utilization of resources. For the company it is also the main point of weakness. Financial Problems
Sometimes PEL faces the financial problems because its stocks are so much
piled up in the stores that create the problem of cash flow because when the
stocks are not sold and the production is in process for 24 hours a day than the
company faces such problems. So company aggressively research the sources
of cash and stress the dealers to sell the PEL’s products to the end consumers
Company sometimes sells their products on advance bases to the dealers and
gives them high margin of profit. That’s why a company is facing the financia Sign up to vote on this title
problems and company never pays attention on theUseful alternative that wil useful Notresources
help in reducing the stocks. That is a customer demand and due to this it is the
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it will loose its competitive position and high profit. Its competitors will give PEL Sheet Music
tough time to pursuing the opportunities that are adopted by them. Following are the opportunities for the PEL.
Exploration of market in Pakistan
Increase in product range
Export opportunity
Increase in production capacity
Exploration of Market in Pakistan PEL has the opportunity to explore the market in all over the Pakistan. Even though PEL introduce its products in all cities of Pakistan but there are so many places that have the capacity to absorb the PEL’s products. These places are tribal areas in NWFP and northern areas of Punjab and NWFP, central area of SIND. If company introduces their products in these areas then it can get a large amount of profit and increase its market shares. Sign up to vote on this title
Increase in Product Range
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It is the main opportunity for the PEL that it can increase its product range tha
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opportunity opportunity then it will loose high margin of profit and market share. It will reduce Sheet Music
the fixed cost and increase the efficiency of the employees. Export Opportunity PEL PEL Comp Compan any y has has also also the the oppo opport rtun unit ity y to expo export rt thei theirr prod produc ucts ts in ot
international countries like UAE, SAUDI ARABIA, and other Arabic and African
countries. It will not only reduce the dependence on one market but also increase
the market shares and profits. It will also help the company to spread the fixed
cost on all of its production that will reduce the total cost and company will enjoy the high profit. Increase in Production Line
Company can also increase its production line at the maximum level that wil
increase the efficiency of the employees and also will reduce the total cost Some Someti time mes s
com company pany
cann cannot ot
allo alloca cate te
the the
reso resour urce ces s
acco accord rdin ing g
to
requ require ireme ments nts of produ product ction ion depa departm rtmen entt that’ that’s s becom becomes es the prob problem lem for
complete utilization of resources. Company should look theonmarket Sign up to vote this title conditions
then it will produce their products.
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Strong competition
China’s product introduction in the market
Price war
Slow growth rate in Pakistan
Instability of government
Tax department
World Trade Organization
Investors
Sheet Music
Strong Competition
There is very strong competition for the home appliance in the market. So every
company tries to come in the number 1 position for achieving the maximum shares in the market. market. Every company adopts different strategies for selling of prod product ucts. s. It reduc reduces es the the profi profitt marg margin in of each each compa company ny and and incre increase ase
bargaining power of the buyers who will demand higher quality of products and Sign up to vote on this title
Useful Not useful lower cost. That is the main threat for the PEL Company.
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stress the indigenous companies to lower the quality and prices that will not be Sheet Music
profitable in the long run. Price war:
As there is stiff competition in the home appliance market that will cause the price
war. So every company reduces the prices of its products to increase the sales. I
will not only reduce the profit margin of the company but also reduce the quality
of products. So price war is the main threats for all the companies, which are operating in these products. Slow Growth Rate in Pakistan
There is also slow growth rate of home appliance in Pakistan that will increase
the stocks of the company. It becomes the burden for the company that how to
sell these stocks. Its main reason is that purchasing power of the buyer is very
low and it has no income to buy the expensive the home appliance. It is also becoming a main threat for all the companies. Instability of Government
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The The rapid rapid chang changes es in gover governm nmen ents ts will will becom become e threat threats s for the compa companie nie
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Tax Department Sheet Music
Tax department is another major threats for the companies that will restrain the
business expansion. There is more complicated tax procedure for the companies which which are inter interest ested ed to incre increase ase the the invest investme ment nt in their their busi busines nesse ses. s. A
department department also asks the company from where it receives the money and where
this money will spend. Due to fear of heavy taxes companies would not like to invest the heavy amount. World trade Organization
World trade organization will give the permission in 2005 to each company o
home appliance to export their products after paying less duties or duty free products products.. That That will will increase increase the pressure pressures s for the indigeno indigenous us compan companies ies
reduce the prices and increase the quality. It will increase the competition among
the foreign companies and indigenous companies. But our companies also run
unde underr uncer uncertai tainty nty cond conditi ition ons. s. This This will will decr decreas ease e the the mora morale le of indige indigenou nou companies. Sign up to vote on this title
3.3: Marketing Strategy
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Marketing strategy of PEL is that it focuses mostly on middle class people. The
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Price: Sheet Music
The price of the PEL products are affordable and less as comparative to its competitors. It keeps its prices low specially for the appliances division, because it focuses on the middle class people. Place: PEL has a strong dealers network. PEL products are easily available throughout Pakistan. PEL products are also available in the newly opened mega stores like mackro, hyperstar etc. DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Producer
Agent
Wholesaler
Retailer
Customer Customer
Promotion
PEL mostly advertis advertise e its product products s through through electron electronic ic media media like for exampl exampl
through TV channels. No doubt the TV advertisements of PEL are less frequen
as compared to its competitors. But still it has great brand awareness among people. PEL also uses print media for its advertisements.
3.4: Competitive Strategy •
The competitive strategy of PEL is that it has a wide range of products and at low prices.
•
PEL focuses on cost leadership strategy in itsuppower division Sign to vote on this titleappliances
Useful Not i.e. the prices of its power division appliances are high butuseful they are of very high quality. PEL has a competitive advantage of its brand name.
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3.5: Business Process Analysis Work Flow
The organizational hierarchy of Pak Elektron Ltd. has both flat and tall span o admi admini nist stra rati tion on.. In case case of lowe lowerr leve levell of hier hierar arch chy y (the (the work worker er and and th supervisors) the span is wide but as the level goes up, it becomes tall.
The managing director who is answerable to the Chairman holds the top position Gener General al Manag Manager ers s are answ answera erable ble to the Manag Managing ing Direct Director or (MD) (MD) and and
responsible for respective division, Managers are heading some departments
and Assistant Managers (AM) is leading some by Deputy Managers (DM) and
other. There are senior engineers who are section in charge Supervisors and foremen report to them.
Executive level:
At executive level, three to five engineers report to a manager and almost some numbers of managers’ report to a General Manager. Workers level:
At workers level, usually 10 to 30 workers report to a foreman. Three to seven foremen report to a section in charge. Division of Labor: Sign up to vote on this title
In Pak Elektron Limited (PEL), two types of employees hired
•
Permanent Workers Temporary Workers
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sequential sequential order and every individual is assigned a specific task. This activity no Sheet Music
only helps productivity but also helps the quality standards of the workers as
each of them tries to keep an eye on the other to see that he is performing correctly because if any thing goes wrong, the blame goes to the whole group. Number of workers varies in different teams depending upon the nature of jobs.
4.0: Learning as a Student Intern
4.1: Finance Department:
As an internee I did my internship in the Finance department of PEL. I learn many things during my internship. The details are as follows:
Sections of Finance:
Basically the Finance Department has further different sections. Those sections are as follows: •
Corporate Finance
•
Material Management Section
•
Treasury
•
Budgeting
•
Accounts Receivable Sign up to vote on this title
There is another section currently in function in Finance Department and that is
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Provident Funding, which is not directly related to Finance but functioning there
independently. All the sections mentioned above have their respective Heads o
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Corporate Finance Sheet Music
This section plays a very important role in Finance Department and overall PEL’s
progress. The corporate finance is further dealing with three important tasks which are Loan Handling, Leasing and Guarantees handling.
Loan Handling Section PEL PEL deal deals s with with many many bank banks s in this this rega regard rd.. Curr Curren entl tly y PEL PEL is deal dealin ing g wi
approximately 15 Banks, government owned and private. Each bank gives upto
specific amount of loan. PEL has its master account in the National Bank o
Pakistan. NBP can provide loan to PEL upto 4 billion Pak Rupees. The main
purpose of the loan is to acquire raw materials for the company. Each bank has
different policy to give loans to the company. The PEL is currently dealing with the following banks: •
National Bank of Pakistan
•
The Bank of Punjab
•
National Investment Bank
•
My Bank
•
Soneri Bank Limited
•
Bank Al-Falah Limited
•
The Bank of Khyber
•
Meezan Bank Limited
•
Al- Barakah Islamic Bank
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Leasing Section
The company leases vehicles and different machinery and holds record for them.
The leasing section is currently dealing with approximately 15 banks for leasing
purposes. But mostly PEL leases cars for different purposes and mostly for its
employees. The records of cars are stored in the form lots with every single detai
related to car. When the company wants to lease a car it writes a letter to the
concerned bank requesting it to lease a for a specific period. The company keeps the record of newly purchased cars by specifying the details such as: •
Serial Number
•
Vehicle
•
Registration Number
•
Chassis Number
•
Engine Number
•
Delivery Status
•
Price
If the company wants to terminate the leasing contract, it writes a letter to the
bank requesting to terminate the contract. The bank charges extra 5% for pre
mature termination. The company policy related to lease cars for its employees is that that,, 50% 50% disc discou ount nt is give given n to Assi Assist stan antt Mana Manage gers rs and and abov above. e. i.e. i.e. 50 Sign up to vote on this title
contributes the company and 50% is contributed by the employee. Bank gives
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leasing cars to the company on corporate rate which is 5%, whereas the marke
rate is 18-20%. Depreciation rate for the vehicles is 20% per year and 10% fo
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•
Performance Bong Guarantee
•
Advance Payment Guarantee
•
Balance Payment Guarantee
•
Earnest Money/Retention Money Bank Guarantee
Sheet Music
Pak Elektron Ltd. (Pel). Internship
Now each of the guarantee is discussed below: Tender Bond Guarantee:
Before participating in the bidding contract, the concerned bank on the behalf o
the company issues a tender guarantee guarantee to the beneficiary. The bank charges 2%
of the total guarantee amount. The guarantees are written on stamp paper. The details of this stamp paper are: Beneficiary Sum of Bond Tender Number Validity Name of Surety Name of Principal Date of tender opening Performance Bond Guarantee:
In this guarantee, the bank on behalf of PEL, gives assurance to the purchase
vote thisdtitle that that the the prin princi cipa pal( l(PE PEL) L) shal shalll and and will will and and trul trSign uly y up perf petorfor orm monand an fulf fulfil illl all all
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undertaking, covenants, terms and conditions of the said contract during the original terms of contract.
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Purchase order number Sheet Music
Validity
Advance Payment Guarantee:
When the purchaser places the order to the PEL for certain equipment, the PEL
in return demands some money in advance in order to carry out production
process smoothly. When the purchaser agrees to pay some advance, the bank
on PEL’s behalf issues a guarantee to the purchaser purchaser and that if PEL is unable to
fulfill the contract, then bank on PEL’s behalf will pay back the advance amoun to the purchaser. The details of this guarantee are: Guarantee number Date Validity Sum of guarantee Beneficiary
Balance Payment Guarantee:
The bank gives this guarantee when the advance payment has been made by
en thi the the purch purchase aser. r. The The rema remain ining ing balanc balance e is given given thvote e comp co wh Sign to up tothe onmpany thisany title when Useful Not useful guarantee is approved.
Earnest Money Guarantee:
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As in other cases, there is only one bank involved which gives guarantee on Sheet Music
behalf of the company, but in this case there are two banks involved, one from
PEL’s side and one from the other company which is in another country. Fo
example National Bank of Pakistan is a guarantor for PEL, it will give guarantee
of PEL to the other company’s bank, this type of guarantee is called counte
guarantee. That bank then transfers that guarantee to that specific company
which is called local guarantee. The transaction between banks globally is done
throu through gh SWIF SWIFT T mode. mode. SWIF SWIFT T stand stands s for Switz Switzerl erlan and d World Worldwi wide de Interb Interban an Finan Financia ciall Tran Transac sactio tion. n. The The bank bank charg charges es agai against nst each each guar guaran antee tee from from
company. The bank keeps 5% margin and takes commission which is .4% pe
quarter. Government also charges against each guarantee which is known as
FED (Federal Excise Duty) which is 16% of the commission. Every guarantee
can be extended i.e. if there is a change in amount then it can be extended up to that amount. The tender guarantee is usually valid up to 3 quarters.
Material Management Section
This section is also one of the important parts of Finance department. department. Wheneve
there is a requirement of any raw material from productions department, it notifies
the finance department. department. Then finance department handles the shipment shipment proces
of raw materials. As we know that the PEL deals with many banks, so wheneve
he company wants to acquire the raw materials, it contacts with Sign up to vote on this title the banks Useful me useful Not Becaus Because e for every raw materia materiall purchase purchase,, thehandsome handso amount amou nt of cash is
required. The bank purchases or we can say it gives loan to the company to buy
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purc purcha hase sed d it info inform rms s the the fina financ nce e depa depart rtme ment nt and and that that whet whethe herr it is to Sheet Music
transferred to PEL or any other godown. FP department prepares a memo for the
appliances parts that are assembled in PEL factory, and FP department tha
memo to the finance department. It contains an invoice slip, detail of every single
part, units and price. It also contains the information of the country from which the
parts are imported. Whenever the company wants its materials to be pledges by
bank, it writes a letter requesting the required material to be pledged. The deta against which the material is pledged is as follows: •
Description of Material
•
Quantity
•
Rate
•
Value in Rupees
And whenever the company wants to release the material from pledge, it writes a
letter to the bank requesting it to release the material and issue the delivery order
against that material. The detail against which the material is released is as follows: •
LC number:
•
Material description
•
Quantity
•
Rate
•
Value in Rupees
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LC Sheet Music
Sight LC: The Company releases the pledged stocks as needed
USANCE: The Company can use the pledged stock and can pay the bank in 120 days. The days can vary according to the contract.
CF: Whenever there is a need for cash, the company can pledge its stock unde
bank’s custody to obtain some cash in return. This cash then further be utilized
for more production processes. In this case the bank only take the pledge o finished goods. Unfinished goods cannot be given into the custody of banks.
Lets have a look on the system, that how material management section works Whenev Whenever er the concern concerned ed departm department ent receives receives orders orders from its custome customers rs exam exampl ple e refr refrig iger erat ator or depa depart rtme ment nt rece receiv ives es orde orderr from from its its cust custom omer ers s th
refrigerator section will prepare a detail of all the raw materials required for its
production. That detail is then submitted to Finance department for approva
under Material Management section. After verification from Material Managemen
section, the detail is submitted to the Treasury section of Finance department
The Treasury section then allocates the funds for production. In case PEL don’
have enough funds for production, they use the facility provided by the bank
which is known as CF. i.e. they pledge the some Signstocks up to voteunder on this the title custody o Not useful Usefulthe bank and PEL receives some cash in return against stocks pledges. From
that cash they can utilize it in the production process.
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The main task of the treasury section is to handle the imports and exports and Sheet Music
bank statements reconciliation. reconciliation. Basically the Treasury section helps and suppor
the whole Finance department i.e. it allocates funds. The other task of Treasury
section is to collect the payments and payables. It receives payments from its
corporate corporate customers. And the payables are mostly the loans taken from differen
banks. It is the responsibility of the Treasury section to pay off these loans. It is
also the responsibility of the treasury section to allocate the salaries for the employees.
Budgeting Section Budg Budget eting ing secti section on forec forecas asts ts annua annuall sales sales,, expe expend nditu itures res and and costs costs for for comp compan any y
afte afterr
gett gettin ing g
prod produc ucti tion on
estim stimat ates es
from from
diffe iffere rent nt
prod produc ucti ti
departments and sales plan from marketing department. And then it arranges the funds according to the production needs of various deparments.
A/R Section
This section deals with all types of receivables. This section also deals with the
local LCs. It also deals with that how many LCs are with a bank or with a company. It keeps track of transportation dues.
Provident Funding Section
Sign up to vote on this title
Useful independently works Not useful from the The provident funding section and payroll system
Finance department. Usually the provident fund is withdrawn by the employee
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form form of cheq cheque. ue. The The 10% 10% salary salary is dedu deducte cted d from from emplo employee yee’s ’s accou account nt an Sheet Music
additional 10% is added by the company at the end of each month and tha
collected amount is given to the employee at the end of his job. For refundable
loan, the installments are either 10 or 20. Zakat is deducted on non-refundable
loan i.e. 2.5% on employees contribution. If the employee wants an interest free
loan then there is a company policy that the interest free loan will be given to the employee and no interest will be charged on repayment.
4.2: New Knowledge Acquired I learned a lot during my internship, related and un-related. Related is that learn learned ed the the actua actuall work working ing of Fina Finance nce depart departme ment, nt, their their rules rules and and polic polic
proce procedu dures res,, syste systems ms,, values values etc. etc. Unrela Unrelated ted is that that I got to know know the the offic offic
environ environmen ment. t. How people people work together together system systematic atically ally and co-opera co-operating ting wit
each other. No doubt the routine of the Finance department and nature of job
there is quite tough. But I found all the employees and managers hardworking disciplined and punctual in their task accomplishments.
4.3: Problems Encountered As such I didn’t face any type of problem duringSign myupinternship. The to vote on this title only thing
Usefulfor found a bit problematic was that it was a bit harder meNottouseful take time from
employees to teach me new things and the working of Finance department
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I have have notic noticed ed durin during g my inter interns nship hip that that the emplo employe yees es which which are are curren curren Sheet Music
employed under the rank of JE and E, have salaries below average, means tha
they are underpaid. Their salaries are not according to their nature of job and
their qualifications. The nature of job is very tough and employees find it difficul
to finish the tasks within office timings. They have to sit there for another two to
three hours averagely for the completion of their tasks. My suggestion is this, tha
the salaries of the employees should be according to the nature of job and thei qualification and the salaries should be a bit more higher than the current one.
Another suggestion that I would like to give is that, there should be a separate
training session for the internees where some employees can deliver lectures to the internees about the working of the concerned department.
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Annexure 1
Chairman
Managing Director
GM Finance
GM Manufacturing
GM Marketing(PD)
GM Marketing(AD) Sign up to vote on this title
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GM
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Management/Organizational Hierarchy
Glossary
AD: Appliances Division PD: Power Division QC: Quality Control E: Executive JE: Junior Executive
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PEL Pakistan
1
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PAK ELEKTRON LIMITED PEL
Pak Elektron Ltd. (Pel). Internship
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Reference www.pel.com.pk/refrigerator.html www.pel.com.pk/air_conditioner.html www.pel.com.pk/oven.html www.pel.com.pk/washing-machine.html www.pel.com.pk/water-dispenser.html www.pel.com.pk/genset.html www.pel.com.pk/pd-intro.html www.pel.com.pk/epc-contracting.html www.pel.com.pk/power-tr.html www.pel.com.pk/distribution-tr.html
Information Taken from persons: Material Management : Mr. Mohammad Hanif, Mr.Sign Ghulam Murshad, up to vote on this titleMr Amjad,
Mr. Tariq Jawed
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Corporate Finance: Mr. Tahir Mehmood, Mr. Umar Zahid, Mr. Assad,
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