SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
WELCOME SMK4122
Offshore & Ocean Engineering Dr.. Koh Kho King Dr
Room: C25‐315 | h/p: 0167627788
[email protected] | http://www.fkm.utm.my/~koh
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Aims •
•
•
To introduce oil and gas industry activities in general To encompasses various components in the oil and gas activities Introduction to survey, exploration, platform construction, installation, production, and maintenance in oil and gas industry
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Course Learning Outcome •
•
•
Describe the overall scenario of global and local oil and gas industry Identify and describe the main components & activities in the offshore oil and gas industry. Describe the main processes in the design and construction engineering of of Offshore Offshore structure Explain the various rules and
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Course Contents 1. Introduction •
Background on Oil and Gas Industry
•
Oil and Gas operation activities. Types of of Offshore Offshore Platforms.
•
Oil Drilling and Oilfield Services. High technology exploration and production methods
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Background •
•
•
Offshore platform ‐> use for underseabed explor exploration ation and processing First Offshore platform ‐ installed in 1947 off off the the coast of of Louisiana Louisiana in 6m depth of of water water Today over 7,000 Offshore platforms around the world with
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Background
Platform size depends on facilities to be installed on top side eg. Oil rig, living quarters, Helipad etc.
Classification of water depths: – < 350m 350m - Sha Shallo llow w water water – < 1500m 1500m - Dee Deep p water water – > 1500m 1500m - Ult Ultra ra deep deep water water – US Mineral Management Service (MMS) classifies water depths greater
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Oil & Gas Industry The Oil & Gas Industry comprises two parts:
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Oil & Gas Industry Among the upstream activities would be: Exploration : Analysing and Interpreting seismic data to determine the potential of hydrocarbon reserves; drilling of test of test wells.
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Malaysian O & G Industry(1) •
Petroleum exploration in Malaysia started at the beginning of of the the 20th century in Sarawak, where oil was first discovered in 1909 and first produced in 1910.
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Malaysian O & G Industry(2) •
Malaysia has the 25th largest oil reserves and the 14th largest gas reserves in the world.
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Malaysian O & G Industry(3)
•
Malaysia has the 494,183 km2 of of acreage acreage available for O&G exploration, with 337,167km2 in the offshore continental shelf
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SMK4122 Offshore & Ocean Engineering | Copyright © 2012 Koh Kho King
Semi-submersible
SEMISUB PLATFORM
Column pontoon junctions and bracing attract large loads.
Due to possibility of fatigue cracking of braces , periodic inspection/ maintenance is prerequisite
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Semi-submersible
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SPAR
SPAR:
Concept of a large diameter single vertical cylinder supporting deck.
These are a very new and emerging concept: the first spar platform, Neptune, was installed off the USA coast in 1997.
Spar platforms have taut catenary moorings and deep draught, hence heave natural period is about 30 seconds.
Used for Ultra deep water depth of 2300m.
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SPAR
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FPSO
SHIP SHAPED VESSEL (FPSO)
Ship-shape platforms are called Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) facilities. FPSOs have integral oil storage capability inside their hull. This avoids a long and expensive pipeline to shore. Can explore in remote and deep water and also in marginal wells, where building fixed platform and piping is technically and economically not feasible FPSOs are held in position over the
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OSV
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Parts of Platform
TOPSIDE:
Facilities are tailored to achieve weight and space saving Incorporates process and utility
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Parts of Platform (cont.)
MOORINGS & ANCHORS: ANCHORS:
Used to tie platform in place
Material
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Parts of Platform (cont.)
RISER:
Pipes used for production, drilling, and export of Oil and Gas from Seabed.
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Platform Installation
BARGE LOADOUT: – Various methods are deployed based on availability of resources and size of structure
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