UNIVERSITY OF BRIDGEPORT MASTERS PROJECT CPSC-597A CPSC-597B
FALL - 2007 Guide: Prof. Gonhsin Liu
FINAL REPORT
Submitted by Srikiran Reddy Sudireddy (ID#0701246)
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ABSTRACT ‘A GUI Oracle Interface in Java’ is developed under the domain of “JAVA”. SQL plus is a tool provide by oracle for use specifically with its database installations. It provides the user with full access to the database, Provided that has relevant permissions and/or access rides for the task they which the carryout. The problem with SQL plus, however, is that it is a Command line interface. This is not so much a problem for the staff at the Organization, but for some students, especially those with title or on computing experience, but it is a difficult task to learn to use it. The main objective of this project is to develop a GUI tool for the oracle Installation. A GUI tool would be the best thing to implement as it is more user can give, and most people who have used a computer have used a GUI in some form or other, while most will not have used a command line interface. Even if a Student has never used a computer before, they will be using a GUI when using the computers at the organization, and so will have formed some sort of mental model of how a GUI looks and works, and so will find it much easier to adapt to a command line interface. Currently the SQL plus tool can be accessed through one of two Methods: 1. A terminal window on a UNIX/LINUX machine. 2. A telnet window on a PC within the organization. The method of connecting is a command typed in by the user, who is then prompted for a username and password. Once these are entered, the user is able to the tables within their database, and create, edit, or delete data or tables themselves, with in their home database. The permissions for the students do not allow them access to other database or to any of the functions used to administer the database it self.
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Index Contents
page no:
Chapter 1 1.Introduction 1.1 About Project
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Chapter 2 2. Project Analysis 2.1
Project Requirements 2.1.1
Functional Requirements
2.1.2 Non functional Requirements 2.1.3 Software 2.2 Configuration Architecture 2.2.1 Two Tier Architecture
2.3
SDLC Approach
10 11 12 28 31
Chapter 3 3. Project Design 3.1 Data Flow Diagrams 3.2 Process Flow Diagrams 3.3 Data Model 3.3.1 Data Dictionary
34 46 47 48
3.4 Application Design 3.4.1 3.4.2
Modules User Interface 3.4.2.1 Screens
50 54
Chapter 4 4. Testing 4.1 Black Box Testing
76
Chapter 5 Conclusion
78
Chapter 6 Bibilography
80
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INTRODUCTION
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ABOUT PROJECT Introduction: A graphical user interface(GUI) presents a pictorial interface to a program. A GUI gives a program a distinctive “look” and “feel” By providing different applications with a consistent set of intuitive user interface components. GUIs allows the user to spend less time trying to remember which key tore sequences do what and spend more time using the program in a productive manner. A GUI tool that is mainly used to identify the tables that is the user is able to the tables within their database, and create, edit, or delete data or tables themselves.
Purpose: The purpose of this project is essentially to develop a tool that runs within the domain, and can securely connect to the correct oracle database depending on the user’s login and password.
Overview: A GUI tool would be the best thing to implement as it is more user can give, and most people who have used a computer have used a GUI in some form or other ,while most will not have used a command line interface. Even if a student has never used a computer before, they will be using a GUI when using the computers at the organization, and so will have formed some sort of mental model of how a GUI looks and works, and so will find it much easier to adapt to a command line interface. The method of connecting is a command typed in by the user, who is then prompted for a username and password. Once these are entered, the user is able to the tables within their database, and create, edit, or delete data or tables themselves, with in their home database. The permissions for the students do not allow them access to other database or to any of the functions used to administer the database it self.
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Objective: The main objective of this project is to develop a GUI tool for the oracle installation. A GUI tool would be the best thing to implement as it is more user can give, and most people who have used a computer have used a GUI in some form or other ,while most will not have used a command line interface.
Scope: The scope this project is essentially to develop a tool that runs within the domain, and can securely connect to the correct oracle database depending on the user’s login and password. Firstly, what is needed is a tool that has two main elements: An area where the user can enter SQL code; and an area where the user can view the result of the query they have entered. The user will also require a means of connecting to the database depending on which language the GUI is developed in. this connection will have to be secured and reliable, to ensure that it does not connect to another database accidentally, and that all commands sent via to tool are processed correctly and committed to the database correctly. The connection process will require a user name and Password form the user, and will not allow a connection if the user cannot provide these, or provides an incorrect user name and/ Password. The tool it self should be develop in a language, which is portable. By this, we do not intend to carry it with us every where we go , that it must be in a language, which can run on more than one platform. This allows the organization and any other users who implement the tool to run it without the worry of not being able to make use of it if the platform on which they use it becomes unavailable it future. Also, it means that it can be implemented on both the PC’s and the UNIX/ LINUX machines with in the organization.
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The development of the tool also needs to consider the humancomputer interaction aspects that come with the development of any GUI. It’s primary concern, and the one of the primary concerns of the project it self is to make accessing the database more friendly user. This means developing a tool which the user is comfortable user. A tool which the user can adapt to with minimum training, and can learn to more quickly, using past experience of other GUI’s or simply by trial and error.
Existed System: SQL plus is a tool provide by oracle for use specifically with its database installations it provides the user with full access to the database, provided that the has the relevant permission and/or access rides for the task they which the carryout. The problem with SQL plus, however, is that it is a command line interface. This is not so much a problem for the staff at the organization, but for some students, especially those with little or no computing experience, it is a difficult task to learn to use it.
Proposed system: The main objective of this projects is to develop GUI tool for the oracle installation. A GUI tool would be the best thing to implement as it is more user can give, and most people who have used a GUI in some form or other, while most will not have used a command line interface. Even if a student has never used a computer before , they will be using a GUI when using the computers at the organization, and so will have formed some sort of mental model of how a GUI looks and works, and so will find it much easier to adapt to command line interface. To understand the design principles of graphical user interfaces. To be able to builds graphical user interfaces. It can execute the SQL queries correctly and deliver the correct results. It is much easier to adapt to command line interface. Students can easily access this GUI tool without any computing experience.
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PROJECT ANALYSIS
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PROJECT REQUIREMENTS
Functional requirements:
First user create the database using login and password by the system and manager. In this database the user contain number of Tables. These tables contain the number of records. These records contain number of fields. In which the user can easily create tables and modify or add the fields. User can easily delete the tables using the delete command User insert values or select the values using the insert or select command. The user can modify the fields in the table like insert values or delete the values or changes the values ,these changes can be done by using the rollback, commit and save point.
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Non Functional Requirements:
Software Specification
Language
:
JDK 1.4
Database
:
ORACLE 9i
Operating System
:
Windows2000
Programming Languages :
Java, Swings
Hardware Specification:
Processor
:
Intel P-III based system
Processor Speed
:
250 MHz
RAM
:
256MB
Hard Disk
:
30GB
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SOFTWARE:
JAVA HISTORY OF JAVA: Java language was developed by James Gosling and his team at sun micro systems and released formally in 1995. Its former name is oak. Java Development Kit 1.0 was released in 1996. To popularize java and is freely available on Internet.
OVERVIEW OF JAVA: Java is loosely based on C++ syntax, and is meant to be ObjectOriented Structure of java is midway between an interpreted and a compiled language. The Java compiler compiles Java programs into Byte Codes that are secure and portable across different platforms. These byte codes are essentially instructions encapsulated in single type, to what is known as a java virtual machine (JVM), which resides in standard browser. JVM verifies these byte codes when downloaded by the browser for integrity. JVM’s available for almost all OS. JVM converts these byte codes into machine specific instructions at runtime.
Java’s Magic: The Byte Code The key that allows Java to solve both the security and the portability problems just described is that the output of a Java compiler is not executable code. Rather, it is Byte code. Byte code is a highly optimized set of instructions designed to be executed by the Java run-time system, which is called the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). That is, in its standard form, the JVM is an interpreter for Byte code. This may come as a bit of a surprise. Translating a Java program into Byte code helps makes it much easier to run a program in a wide variety of environments. The reason is straightforward: only the JVM needs to be implemented for each platform. 11
Once the run-time package exists for a given system, any Java Program can run on it. Remember, although the details of the JVM will differ from platform to platform, all interpret the same Java Byte code
FEATURES OF JAVA: •
Java is object-oriented language and supports encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism and dynamic binding, but does not support multiple inheritances. Every thing in java is an object except some primitive data types.
•
Java is portable architecture neutral that is java programs once compiled can be executed on any machine that is enabled.
•
JAVA is distributed in its approach and used for Internet programming.
•
Java is robust, secured, high performing and dynamic in nature.
•
Java supports multithreading. There for different parts of the program can be executed at the same time
JAVA AND INTERNET: Java is strongly associated with Internet and known as Internet programming language. Internet users can use java to create applet programs and run them locally using java enabled browser search as hot java. Applets can be downloaded from remote machine via Internet and run it on local machine.
JAVA AND WORLD WIDE WEB: World Wide Web is an open-ended information retrieval system designed to be used in the distributed environment. This system contains web pages that provide both information and controls. We can navigate to a new web page in any direction. This is made possible worth HTML java was meant to be used in distributed environment such as Internet. So java could be easily incorporated into the web system and is capable of supporting animation graphics, games and other special effect. The web has become more dynamic and interactive with support of java. We can run a java program on remote machine over Internet with the support of web.
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JAVA ENVIRONMENT: Java environment includes a large no. Of tools, which are part of the system known as java development kit (JDK) and hundreds of classes, methods, and interfaces grouped into packages forms part of java standard library (JSL).
JAVA ARCHITECTURE: Java architecture provides a portable, robust, high performing environment for development. Java provides portability by compiling the byte codes for the java virtual machine, which are then interpreted on each platform by the runtime environment. Java also provides stringent compile and runtime checking and automatic memory management in order to ensure solid code.
JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE: Then we compile the code, java compiler creates machine code (byte code) for a hypothetical machine called java virtual machine (JVM). The JVM will execute the byte code and overcomes the issue of portability. The code is written and compile for one machine and interpreted all other machines. This machine is called java virtual machine.
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SWINGS Describe Swing classes such as 1. JComponent 2. JFrame 3. JPanel 4. JApplet 5. JRootPane.JScrollPane.JViewPort Describe Buttons, CheckBoxes and RadioButtons Describe Lists and ComboBoxes
Swing components: Provides lightweight visual components Contains replacement components for AWT visual components and also complex components - trees and tables While designing a GUI, there is a main window on which visual components are placed Swing components are in the javax.swing package All Swing components start with J.
Frames
Frame is a top level container.
Provides place for other Swing components
JFrame components is used to create windows in Swing program
Its constructors are:
JFrame()
JFrame(String Title)
Components have to be added to the content pane and not directly to the JFrame object
Example: frame.getContentPane().add(b);
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Panel
JPanel component is an intermeadiate container.
Used to group small lightwieght components together
JPanel objects have FlowLayout as their default layout
JPanel has the following constructors:
JPanel()
JPanel(LayoutManager lm).
Content pane and Applets content pane makes the swing applets different from regular applets in the following ways.
Components are added to the content pane of Swing applets, not directly to the applet
The layout manager is set on a Swing applet’s content pane, not directly on the applet
Default layout manager for Swing applet’s content pane is BorderLayout whereas for regular applet’s, it is FlowLayout
Painting code is not directly put in a JApplet object.
Basic GUI Components
A form can be used for collecting information.
While creating GUI’s, the text can be placed on the content pane using labels.
To create elements on a GUI:
Create the element.
Set its attributes (size, color, font)
Position it.
Add it to the screen.
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Text Components
JText Component is the root class of all swing text components.
JTextField JTextArea JTextComponent JEditorPane JTextPane JPasswordField JTextField:
JTextField component allows us to enter/edit a single line of text. The constructors of this class are: JTextField() JTextField(Document doc, String text, int columns) JTextField(int columns) JTextField(String text) JTextField(String text, int columns). Text Area :
JTextArea components is used to accept several lines of text from the
user.
Implements the scrollable interface to activate scrollbars
JTextArea component can be created using:
JTextArea()
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JTextArea(Document doc)
JTextArea(Document doc, String text, int rows, int cols)
JTextArea(int rows, cols)
JTextArea(String text)
JTextArea(String text, int rows, int cols)
Buttons
Buttons trap user action.
JButton class descends from javax.swing.AbstractButton class
JButton object consists of a text label and/or image icon, empty area around the text/icon and border A JButton can be created using:
JButton()
JButton(Icon icon)
JButton(String text)
JButton(String text, Icon icon)
CheckBox:
CheckBox provides user with a set of options. JCheckBox class has the following constructors:
JCheckBox()
JCheckBox(Icon icon)
JCheckBox(Icon icon, boolean selected)
JCheckBox(String text)
JCheckBox(String text, boolean selected)
JCheckBox(String text, Icon icon)
JCheckBox(String text, Icon, boolean selected)
Radio button:
By using the radiobutton any one option may be selected by the user .
By using the button group to create a group. 17
JRadioButton object can be created by using:
JRadioButton()
JRadioButton(Icon icon)
JRadioButton(Icon, boolean selected)
JRadioButton(String text)
JRadioButton(String text, boolean selected)
JRadioButton(String text, Icon icon)
JRadioButton(String text, Icon icon, boolean selected).
Combo Box:
ComboBox is a combination of texfield and drop down list.
In Swing, combo box is represented by JComboBox class.
public JComboBox() – this constructor creates a JComboBox with a default data model. public JComboBox(ComboBoxModel asModel) – a combo box that
takes its items from an existing ComboBoxModel. public JComboBox(Object [] items) – a combo box that contains the
elements of the specified array. Menus:
Menus show a list of items that indicate various tasks.
Select or click an option and another list or sub-menu opens up.
A Swing menu consists of a menubar, menuitems and menus.
Menubar is the root of all menus and menuitems.
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Menu Hierarchy Object Componen Container JComponen
JMenuBarJPopupMe
JAbstractButto
JSeperato
JMenuIte
JMenu
JCheckBoxMenuIte
JRadioButtonMenuIte
JMenuBar: JMenuBar is a component that can be added to a container through a
JFrame. Consists of a number of JMenus with each JMenu represented as a
string within the JMenuBar JMenuBar requires:
‘ SingleSelectionModel’ – keeps track of the menu currently selected ‘Look and feel class’ – Responsible for drawing the menu bar and responding to events that occur in it.
JMenu:
JMenu is seen as a text string under JMenuBar while
it acts as a popup menu when the user clicks on it
JMenu has two additional classes:
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JPopupMenu
Used to display the JMenu’s menu items
Look and feel.
Responsible for drawing the menu in the menubar and
for responding to all events that occur in it. JCheckBoxMenuItem:
Contains the checkboxes as it items.
Checkboxes are created using JCheckBox class
May have a text string and/or an icon
When a JCheckBoxMenuItem is clicked and released, the state of a menu item changes to selected or deselected. JRadioButtonMenuItem:
Select to checkboxes
except that only one radiobutton can be
selected at any point of time. May have a text string and/or an icon Clicking a selected radio button does not change its state Clicking an unselected radio button deselects the earlier selected one. Characteristics common to Swing Components:
Content - decides on the state of the component Visual appearance - determines what the component should look like Behavior - decides how the component should respond to events.
OVERVIEW OF JDBC: • JDBC stands for "Java DataBase Connectivity".
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• It is an API (Application Programming Interface) which consists of a set of Java classes, interfaces and exceptions • JDBC is a very popular data access standard. • consists of a set of classes and interfaces written in the Java programming language. • provides a standard API for tool/database developers and makes it possible to write database applications using a pure Java API. • The standard defined by Sun Microsystems, allowing individual providers to implement and extend the standard with their own JDBC drivers. • JDBC: • establishes a connection with a database • sends SQL statements • processes the results. • RDBMS (Relational Database Management Systems) or third-party vendors develop drivers which adhere to the JDBC specification. Other developers use these drivers to develop applications which access those databases • SUN prepares and maintains the JDBC specification. Since JDBC is just a specification (suggestions for writing and using JDBC drivers), third-party vendors develop JDBC drivers to this specification. JDBC developers then use these drivers to access data sources.
♦
The use of JDBC is there only to help you (a Java developer) develop data access applications without having to learn and use proprietary APIs provided by different RDBMS vendors. You just have to learn JDBC and then you can be sure that you'll be able to develop data access applications which can access different RDBMS using different JDBC drivers. “Perhaps the most common use of these Java applications will be within a company or on an "Intranet," so this might be called the Intranet scenario. For example, a company might implement all of its corporate applications in Java using GUI building tools that generate Java code for forms based on corporate data
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schemas. These applications would access corporate database servers on a local or wide area network. However, Java applications could also access databases through the Internet.” The JDBC Guide JDBC API:
• The JDBC API supports both two-tier and three-tier models for database access. • Two-tier model -- a Java applet or application interacts directly with the database. • Three-tier model -- introduces a middle-level server for execution of business logic: • the middle tier to maintain control over data access. • the user can employ an easy-to-use higher-level API which is translatedby the middle tier into the appropriate low-level calls.
The basic classes of jdbc API:
Driver Manager registers Driver
Creates
Result set Statement
Provides
Provides
Connection
Resultset metadata
ma ♦ The JDBC API is expressed as a series of abstract Java interfaces that allow an application programmer to open connections to particular databases, execute SQL statements, and process the results. The most important interfaces are:
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♦ java.sql.DriverManager which handles loading of drivers and provides support for creating new database connections ♦ java.sql.Connection which represents a connection to a particular database ♦ java.sql.Statement which acts as a container for executing a SQL statement on a given connection . ♦ java.sql.ResultSet which controls access to the row results of a given Statement JDBC API interfaces: • Callable statement. • Connection • DatabaseMetaData • Driver • PreparedStatement • ResultSet • ResultSetMetaData • Statement • Statement createStatement() returns a new Statement object PreparedStatement prepareStatement(String) returns a new PreparedStatement object • It is the subclass of the statement class • It compiles the SQL statement before execution and can also take parameters. Callable Statement • This class extends the prepare statement class and is used for executing database stored procedures from a java Program. • These Statements are used to send SQL commands to the database • These are created via the connection object. 23
JDBC Architecture: The JDBC architecture is Divided in to 2 Parts • JDBC API (java.sql). • JDBC Driver Types .
Java Application
JDBC driver
Oracle
Sybase
My Sql
The JDBC Steps 1. Importing Packages 2. Registering the JDBC Drivers 3. Opening a Connection to a Database 4. Creating a Statement Object 5. Executing a Query and Returning a Result Set Object 6. Processing the Result Set 7. Closing the Result Set and Statement Objects 8. Closing the Connection. Things to Do in your Java Program: ♦ Load the Drivers ♦ Establish the Connection ♦ Create JDBC Statement ♦ Execute the SQL Statement ♦ Retrieve Values from the Result Set
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Three types of drivers: •
JDBC Type 1 Driver (JDBC-ODBC Bridge plus ODBC Driver)
•
JDBC Type 2 Driver (OCI Driver)
•
JDBC Type 3 Driver (THIN driver)
Making a connection: • The second step in establishing a connection is to have the appropriate driver connect to the DBMS. • The following line of code illustrates the general idea: – String url = "jdbc:odbc:Fred"; – Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "myLogin", "myPassword"); Create a JDBC statements:
♦ A Statement object is what sends your SQL statement to the DBMS. You simply create a Statement object and then execute it, supplying the appropriate execute method with the SQL statement you want to send. For a SELECT statement, the method to use is executeQuery . For statements that create or modify tables, the method to use is executeUpdate . ♦ It takes an instance of an active connection to create a Statement object. In the following example, we use our Connection object con to create the Statement object stmt : ♦ Statement stmt = con.createStatement(); Execute the SQL statements:
♦ At this point stmt exists, but it does not have an SQL statement to pass on to the DBMS. We need to supply that to the method we use to execute stmt . For example, in the following code fragment, we supply executeUpdate with the SQL statement from the example above:
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♦ stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE COFFEES " + "(COF_NAME VARCHAR(32), SUP_ID INTEGER, PRICE FLOAT, " + "SALES INTEGER, TOTAL INTEGER)");
SQL (structured query language) Oracle's SQL: An Overview Structured Query Language (SQL) was introduced by IBM as the language to interface with its prototype relational database. The first commercially available SQL relational database management system was management system, System R introducedin1979byOracle Corporation. Today, SQL has become an industry standard , and Oracle Corporation clearly leads the world in relational database Management system technology Because SQL is a non-procedural language, sets of records can be manipulated instead of one record at a time. The syntax is free-flowing, enabling you to concentrate on the data presentation. Oracle has two optimizers (cost- and rule-based) that will parse the syntax and format it into an efficient statement before the database engine receives it for processing. The database administrator (DBA) determines which optimizer is in effect for each database instance. •
SQL is an industry standard language for updating, and
getting information from, a database •The basic and most common SQL statements are: SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE •Transaction management is implemented in SQL using COMMIT and ROLLBACK
Configuration Architecture In regarding with our project we are using the two-tier architecture
Two-tier Architecture:-
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It also referred to as client-server architecture consists of a client computer and a server computer, which interact through a well-defined protocol. What part of the functionality the client implements, and what part is left to the server, can vary. In the traditional client-server architecture, the client implements just the graphical user interface, and the server implements both the business logic and the data management; such clients are often called thin clients and this architecture is illustrated in the figure.
APPLICATION LOGIC
DBMS
CLIENT N E T W O R K
.... CLIENT
TWO-TIER ARCHITECTURE: THIN CLIENTS
Other divisions are possible, such as more powerful clients that implement both user interface and business logic, or clients that implement user interface and part of business logic. With the remaining part being implemented at the server level: such clients are often called thick clients, and the architecture is illustrated in figure.
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CLIENT
DBMS
N E T W O R K
APPLICA TION LOGIC
…. CLIENT APLLICA TION LOGIC
TWO-TIER ARCHITECTURE: THICK CLIENTS
Compared to the single-tier architectures physically separate the user interface from the data management layer. To implement two-tier architectures, we can no longer have dumb terminals on the client side: we require computers that run sophisticated presentation code. Over the last ten years, the large number of client server development tools such Microsoft visual basic and Sybase power builder have been developed. These tools permit rapid development of client-server software, contributing to the success of the client-server model, especially the thin-client version. The thick-client
model
has several disadvantages
when
compared to the thin-client model. First, there is no central place to update maintain the business logic, since the application code runs at many client sites. Second, a large amount of trust is required between the server and the clients. Third, it does not scale with the number of clients; it typically cannot handle more than a few hundred clients. The application logic at the client issues SQL queries to the server and the server returns the query result to the client, where further processing takes place. Large query result might be
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transferred between client and server. Fourth, thick-client systems do not scale as the application accesses more and more database systems.
SDLC Approach SDLC Approach (Waterfall Model):Structured analysis uses a technique called the system development life cycle (SDLC) to plan and manage the systems development process Although it is primary identified with structured analysis, sdlc describes activities and functions that system developers typically perform, regardless of how those activities and functions fit into particular methodology.
The SDLC includes following steps: •
Systems planning
•
Systems analysis
•
Systems design
•
Systems implementation
•
Systems operation and support
Systems Planning System planning usually begins with a formal request to the IT department, called system Request that describes problems or desired changes in an information system or a business process.
Systems Analysis The first step is requirements modeling where you define and describe business process .During the next tasks, data modeling, process modeling and object modeling to develop a logical model of business process the system must support.
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Systems Design The purpose of system design is to create a blue print for the new system that will satisfy all documented requirements .Whether a system is being developed in house or purchased as a package.
Systems Implementation During systems implementation, the new system is constructed. Whether the developers used structured analysis or O-O methods, the procedure is same –programs are written, tested and documented and the system is installed. Systems Operation and Support
During systems operation and support, the IT staff maintains and enhances the system. Maintenance changes correct errors and adapt to changes in the environment, such as new tax rates.
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PROJECT DESIGN
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS CONTEXT LEVEL: database
A GUI Oracle tool
user
LEVEL 1:
Valid user Login
SQL Executio
Ne w user
Data base
Login process Registration
LEVEL 2: 1.Create databas
SQL Execution
Login Database
2.DDL 3.DML
4.TCL
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LEVEL 2.1.1:
2.1.1.1.Get the Username and password
User Detail s
2.1.1.2. Execute the command
Resul t
login Data Base
LEVEL 2.1.2:
New user 2.1.2.1 Get user name
2.1.2.2 Register the user
Sql grant statements
login Data Base
2.1.2.3 Get the Privilege
privilege 2.1.2.4 Execute the command
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LEVEL 2.2: 2.2.1.Create table Data base 2.2.2.Alter table
2.DDL
2.2.3.Truncate table 2.2.4.Drop table
LEVEL 2.2.1: Create table:
2.2.1.1.Get the Scheme name
Scheme name 2.2.1.2.Get the Object name
Sql create statements Data base
Column details 2.2.1.4.Execute the create command
result
Object name 2.2.1.3.Get the Column details
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LEVEL 2.2.2: Alter Table Scheme name 2.2.2.1.Get the Scheme name
Login Data base
2.2.2.2.Get the Object name
Column details
Sql alter statements
2.2.2.3.Get the Column
2.2.2.4.Execute the alter command
LEVEL 2.2.3:
Truncate table Scheme name 2.2.3.1.Get the Scheme name
2.2.3.2.Get the Object name
Object name Sql truncate statements Login Data base 2.2.3.4.Execute the truncate command result
2.2.3.3.Get the Column details Column details
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LEVEL 2.2.4: Drop Table Scheme name 2.2.4.1.Get the Scheme name
2.2.4.2.Get the Object name Objec t name
login database Sql drop statements
2.2.4.3.Execute the drop command
result
LEVEL 2.3 DML STMTS
2.3.1.Select table
3.DML
2.3.2.Insert table
login databas e
2.3.3.Update table
2.3.4.Delete table
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LEVEL 2.3.1: Select table Scheme name 2.3.1.1.Get the Scheme name
login database
Object name 3.3.1.3.Get the Column details
2.3.1.2.Get the Object name
Sql select statements 2.3.1.5.Execute the select commands result
2.3.1.4.Get the conditions
conditions
LEVEL 2.4 TCL STMTS
2.4.1.Commi t User database
4.TCL
2.4.2.Rollbac k
2.4.3.Define Save Point
2.4.4.Rollback To save point
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PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS
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DATA MODEL Introduction A data model is an abstract model that describes how data is represented and used. The term data model has two generally accepted meanings: 1. A data model theory i.e., a formal description of how data may be structured and used. 2. A data model instance i.e., applying a data model theory to create a practical data model instance for some particular applications. A data model theory has three main components:
The structural part: a collection of data structures which are used to create databases representing the entities or objects modeled by the database.
The integrity part: a collection of rules governing the constraints placed on these data structures to ensure structural integrity.
The manipulation part: a collection of operators which can be applied to the data structures to update and query the data contained in the database. For example, in the relation model, the structural part is based
on a modified concept of the mathematical relation; the integrity part is expressed in first order logic and the manipulation part is expressed using the relation algebra, tuple calculus and domain calculus. Data modeling is the process of creating a data model instance by applying a data model theory. This is typically done to solve some business enterprise requirement.
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Business requirements are normally captured by a semantic logical data model. This is transformed into a physical data model instance from which is generated a physical database.
Data Dictionary:A data dictionary is a set of metadata that contains definitions and representations of data elements. Within the context of a DBMS, a data dictionary is a read-only set of tables and views. Amongst other things, a data dictionary holds the following information:
Precise definition of data elements
Usernames, roles and privileges
Schema objects
Integrity constraints
Stored procedures and triggers
General database structure
Space allocations
One benefit of a well-prepared data dictionary is a consistency between data items across different tables. For example, several tables may hold telephone numbers; using a data dictionary the format of this telephone number field will be consistent. When an organization builds an enterprise-wide data dictionary, it may include both semantics and representational definitions for data elements. The semantic components focus on creating precise meaning of data elements. Representation definitions include how data elements are stored in a computer structure such as an integer, string or date format. Data dictionaries are one step along a path way of creating precise semantic definitions for an organization.
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Initially, data dictionaries are some times simply a collection of data base columns and the definitions of what is the meaning and type of the columns contain. Data dictionaries are more precise than glossaries (terms and definitions) because they frequently have one or more representations of how data is structured. Data dictionaries are usually separate from data models since data models usually include complex relationships between data elements. Data dictionaries can evolve into full ontology (computer science) when discrete logic has been added to data element definitions.
LOGIN:-
COLUMN NAME
DATA TYPE
CONSTRAINTS
username
Varchar2
Primary key
Password
Varchar2
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APPLICATION DESIGN Modules Create database. Data Definition Language(DDL). Data Manipulation Language(DML). Transaction Control Language(TCL). Create Database:
In which user creates its own database .If it is a valid user can enter into th home page, but if a new user must use the registration button in login page to create its own database. By this we are providing security in which each user has its own database and others cannot view it. Data Definition Language:
The language is used to define the data in the database is called data definition language(DDL). In simple words DDL is used to create the database, alter the database and delete the database. The result of compilation of DDLstatements is a set of tables that is stored in a special file called data dictionary. The DDL is used by the conceptual schema to store or retrieve the records to or from the database respectively , where these records describes entities, attributes and relationships. The DDL is also known as data storage and definition language used by the internal schema which describes how the data is actually store. The result of compilation of the statements of this language of this specifies the impementation details of the database schemas, details are usually hidden from the users. DDL commands are create,alter,truncate,drop.
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DDL statements are used to define the structure of the data and include statements like :
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CREATE : It is used to create new tables.
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ALTER : It is used to alter the structure of the data.
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DROP : It is used to delete a table.
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TRUNCATE : It is used to delete all the records from table
Data Manipulation Language:
The language is used to manipulate the data in the database is called data manipulation language(DML). The DML is used to retrieve the data from the database , insertion of new data into the database and deletion or modification of existing data. The operation of retrieving the data from the database using DML is called as query. A query is a statement in the DML that requests the retrieval of the data from database. The portion of DML used to pose query is known as query language. The query language contains commands to select and retrieve the data from the database. Commands are also provided to insert, delete, select and update the records.
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INSERT :
This is used insert the data into the Database table. Note : Number and sequence of data values must match that of columns in the table.
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UPDATE :
•
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It is used to update the records in the Table.
DELETE :
It is used to delete the all the rows from the table as well as specified rows from the table.
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SELECT: It is used to display the required information from the table.
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Select : used to select the specified rows.
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From : specifies the table from which rows are to be selected.
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Where : specifies the condition to restrict the selection of rows.
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Group by : this clause groups rows in 2 ways :
It groups rows with similar values in the specified grouping columns. It suppresses rows that are duplicate with respect to all columns, counting each set of duplicate rows as a group. Note: except group by field, all the other selected values should be function of some column
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Transaction Control Language: TCL commands are used to control the (transactions) changes made by data Manipulation Language commands. These statements include :
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COMMIT :
It is used to end current transaction and make permanent all changes performed in the transaction. i.e., it is used to store the data permanently.
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ROLLBACK :
Discards all changes made by the current transaction in the database. An abnormal termination also causes the transaction to ROLLBACK
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SAVE POINT :
To get back the data up to certain point.
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USER INTERFACES Screens: If the user enters username and password then the user must click the submit button and enters the home page but if a new user must click the registration button and user goes to the create database page.In which user can create its own database.
Welcome to home page
If the user enter correct username and password it enter into home page in this he can click any one of the module .
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Creation of a Database:
If a new user clicks registration button in the loginpage it enter into this page in which user can create its own database, in which user gives username and password to create new database.
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Take Grant Permissions:
If the new user clicks submit button in create database and it enter into this page,in which user get the grant permissions.
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If new user get grant permissions it again enter login page to test whether database created or not, if created it enter into home page,if not user must again click registration button and goes to the create database page.
Welcome to Home page:
If the user is valid it enter into the home page and here user can click any of the modules, firstly the user clicks the DDLStatements to create, alter,truncate and to drop the table.
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Welcome to DDLStatements:
when the user clicks the DDLStatement button in home page it enter into this page in which user can choose any of the sub modules like create , alter , truncate and drop.
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Welcome to Create table page:
In which user create the table by giving the table name , database name and fields name, if user click the save button the table is saved in database
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Welcome to alter table page:
If user selects alter command in the DDLStatements it enter into this page in which user can add the fields by using save button and can modify the fields using modify button.
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Truncate table page:
In this user truncate the table ,if any fields to be removed this command is used by giving the table name, database name and fieldname.
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Drop Table:
In this user can delete the whole table by using drop command , in this we give the table name and database name in textfields and click the delete button.
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Welcome to DMLStatements:
If the user clicks the DMLStatements in home page the user enter into this page in which can insert delete select and update the values of the fields in the table
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Insert table:
In this user insert the values to the table which is created by user in DDL page
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Delete Table:
In which user delete the fields in the table
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Update Table:
In this page if user want to change any values in the table it can be used.
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Select Table:
In this user can select the values in the table by using this command
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Welcome to TCL Statements:
If the user wants to control the transactions in the table by using commit, rollback and savepoint.
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Commit :
If user wants to commit any commands in DML it can be used
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Rollback:
If the user does not want to change any saved points then the user can use this command
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Save point:
If user wants to change some saved and unsaved points savepoint can be used.
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TESTING
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TESTING
Black Box Testing: By the use of this technique the missing functions for identified and placed in their positions. The errors in interfaces were identified and corrected. This technique was also used to identify the initialization and termination error and correct them. Test case:
Test case #1: login screen testing Test Objective : To check whether the login page is functioning properly or not. Test Description: when the user enters the login page and ask to fill the entries of username and password only the entered values match with the available values in the database , user is allowed to enter the home page. Requirements verified: yes. Test Environment: editplus, oracle9i. Test setup/pre-conditions: validate for the length of the names and connection should be established. Actions
Expected Results
User selects the submit button on the login page then the home page is displayed Problems/Issues:None. Note: successfully tested and executed.
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CONCLUSION
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CONCLUSION
The main objective of this projects is to develop GUI tool for the oracle installation. A GUI tool would be the best thing to implement as it is more user can give, and most people who have used a GUI in some form or other, while most will not have used a command line interface. Even if a student has never used a computer before , they will be using a GUI when using the computers at the organization, and so will have formed some sort of mental model of how a GUI looks and works, and so will find it much easier to adapt to command line interface. Once developed the tool will have to be tested thoroughly for any bugs. A through test of the tool should cover aspects as whether or not it connects to the correct oracle database , whether or not it can execute SQL queries correctly and deliver the correct results, and whether or not it can execute database updates and connect them. It reduces the time complexity. It easily for every user.
To understand the design principles of graphical user interfaces. To be able to builds graphical user interfaces. It can execute the SQL queries correctly and deliver the correct results. It is much easier to adapt to command line interface. Students can easily access this GUI tool without any computing experience.
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BIBILOGRAPHY
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BIBILOGRAPHY
WEB SITES: •
www.java2s.com
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www.sun.java.com
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www.java.sun.com/doc/languageenvironment
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www.bpbpub.com
Text books referred: •
The Complete Reference by Herbert Schildt.
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Systems Analysis and Design by Shelly/Cashman/Rosenbaltt.
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Software Engineering by S.Rogers Pressman.
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The programming language of oracle by Ivan Bayross.
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