QUIETER SMOOTHER ELEVATOR OPERATION
KONE Ride Comfort
KONE Ride Comfort – quieter smoother elevator operation In today’s crowded urban environment, expectations for a building’s ergonomic performance are ever rising. A quiet peaceful haven is expected to allow xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx occupants to relax or concentrate on xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx their work. In designing a building careful xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx attention is given to reduce the impact xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx of the outside world to a minimum. At xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx the same time the impact of the internal functional equipment needs to be minimized for optimal building comfort. Elevator companies play an important role; it is important to design and install elevators to achieve a pleasant environment for both users and building occupants.
For a building occupant it is important that there is no or minimal noise and vibration coming from the elevator and elevator shaft to his or her work or living area. For an elevator passenger a comfortable ride involves minimal stress in getting to and from the elevator car and a quality ride that is smooth, silent and free from disturbing mechanical noises and vibrations. In the world renowned ergonomic tradition of Scandinavia, KONE has always been a frontrunner in improving comfort both in and around the elevator shaft. To this end KONE has developed its People Flow™ philosophy. To enhance elevator passenger comfort, KONE has introduced destination control systems (DCS) to reduce waiting and travel times. To minimize the impact of the elevator, both inside and outside the shaft, KONE has a Ride Comfort program, which monitors all critical elements generating noise and vibration from the elevator installation.
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KONE Ride Comfort – the key to su
Vertical vibration
PLEASANT PLEASANT
UNPLEASANT UNPLEASANT
PLEASANT
UNPLEA
<<85 85dB dB(A) (A)
>>85 85dB dB(A) (A)
< 85 dB (A)
> 85 dB
Noise
Traffic
Lateral quaking
Of critical importance to obtain an installation that delivers the required result are: a structurally sound building, well designed elevator components, a correctly designed elevator plan, and a proven installation process.
A well designed building The most important factor in achieving the Ride Comfort required is a solid building that has been designed to deal efficiently with the forces developed by the mass of the elevator moving in its shaft in all adjacent areas and especially the landing, while providing sufficient noise insulation. KONE specialists have the expertise and the tools to help with the calculation and design of these areas. It is essential that KONE and its customers work together to plan a well designed solution for the building.
Key elevator factors impacting passenger Ride Comfort Key elevator components in optimizing Ride Comfort are: •• Vertical vibration, caused by the motor, the electrical drive, pulleys, ropes and even the rails, is transferred to the cabin via the ropes. •• Lateral vibration can be caused by guide rail bends or inadequately operating guide shoes. •• Noise in the elevator can originate either from mechanical contact between moving elevator components or from air turbulence in the shaft. •• Acceleration/ deceleration curves that are too steep can create a jerky ride that is uncomfortable for the passenger. Too small acceleration/deceleration will reduce capacity.
RIDE COMFORT
CAPACITY
KONE Ride Comfort – careful calibration for optimum performance
are needed to see this picture.
To improve the quality of the ride for the passenger and to minimize impact on areas surrounding the travel area, all components of the elevator installation must be optimized and synchronized to operate with minimum vibration and noise. 0.6
0.8
1.0
Accel./ Decl. rate ( m/s s^2)
4
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ccess db(A) 60
Typical noise level and lateral quaking values for KONE AAA, AA and A category elevators. (‘KONE measurement method’)
Choosing the level of Ride Comfort Optimal Ride Comfort can be defined as a total absence of noise and vibration during the movement of the elevator. Depending on the purpose of the building (residential, office, public, etc.), the environment it is located in, and the comfort level required, KONE offers its Triple-A™ system. The ‘A’ level is usually sufficient for standard buildings whereas the ‘AA’ level is used for upscale projects. Top of the line projects use ‘AAA’ level Ride Comfort with extra fine-tuning by an expert on site for the optimum in ride quality. The more stringent KONE Ride classification measuring method uses a 12 Hz low pass filter that is more conservative than the ISO 18738 standard which is a standardized measuring method reflecting the effect of vibration on the human body. Conversion formulas exist if the comparison needs to be made.
58 db(A) 60 56 58 54 56
A
52 54
AA
50 52 48 50
AAA
46 48 0
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10 m/s
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10 m/s
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m/s
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m/s
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gal 50 45
gal 50
40 45 35 40 30 35
A
25 30 20 25
AA
15 20 10 15
AAA
5 10 5
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2 4 6 8 A 0designated installation method
Over the years KONE has developed a selection of stepped installation processes depending on the building type and the level of comfort to be achieved. KONE personnel are trained in the use of the special tools that are required for a successful installation.
KONE Railcalc 5
Well designed elevator components Guide rails
Component twist
These need to be as straight as possible. KONE will select the optimum guide quality for each ride comfort classification. To guarantee that the installed guide rail line is also straight, KONE has developed two installation tools, the KONE Guide Rail Analyzer and the KONE Guide Installation Analyzer. Also of key importance are the type of fishplates used to connect the rails.
Component straightness
Guide rail component and assembly quality metric
Roller guides
Car sling
The material and profile of the roller guides play an important role in keeping the contact noise between the guide rails and the roller guides low. When needed, adjustable friction dampers can be added to minimize sway.
Car slings play a pivotal role in eliminating or avoiding high frequency vibrations and sound to create an acoustically pleasant environment in the car.
Roller guides
Pulleys are isolated from the car sling to reduce structure born noise
Car design The elevator car can be constructed with insulated double walls, and an insulated roof with sound absorption ducts. The floors can be construct to minimize noise leaking in. To insulate the doors, special labyrinths and brush seals have been created around the door surrounds, while the front wall can be covered with sound absorbing materials to effectively cut noise transfer in this area. To work optimally, a car needs to be balanced statically for optimal contact with the guide rail, and dynamically to compensate for the shifting weight of the elevator ropes and cables. RC2 Double wall construction
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Slab attenuators
Low noise and vibration MX machinery
Slab attenuators can be installed to prevent machine room noise from entering the shaft and the elevator car.
Our pioneering permanent magnet asynchronous motors are designed and tested exhaustively to minimize the impact on the elevator and building.
Slab attenuators
Double bedplate isolation system
A well balanced drive curve
KONE door motion and sound
Constant, low acceleration and deceleration with smooth leveling make for harmonious ride comfort. At the same time regional differences exist as to what is preferred acceleration, a phenomenon that can be handled by programming the elevator drive accordingly.
Elevator doors are like mini elevators with their own motion and sound characteristics. Door operation significantly affects travel times. KONE doors have been optimized to travel quickly but smoothly.
Aerodynamic shrouding This is designed particularly for fast elevators in tight shafts. Optimized aerodynamics reduces both noise and the energy consumption of the elevator and building. Sound (Contour 1) 70
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Silent Car™ technology for ultimate ride comfort, streamlined for very high speeds.
Aero-acoustic simulation
For very high-speeds aerodynamic shrouds are added to reduce air turbulence and noise. 7
KONE provides innovative and eco-efficient solutions for elevators, escalators and automatic building doors. We support our customers every step of the way; from design, manufacturing and installation to maintenance and modernization. KONE is a global leader in helping our customers manage the smooth flow of people and goods throughout their buildings.
Our commitment to customers is present in all KONE solutions. This makes us a reliable partner throughout the life-cycle of the building. We challenge the conventional wisdom of the industry. We are fast, flexible, and we have a well-deserved reputation as a technology leader, with such innovations as KONE MonoSpace®, KONE MaxiSpace™, and KONE InnoTrack™. You can experience these innovations in architectural landmarks such as the Trump Tower in Chicago, the 30 St Mary Axe building in London, the Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam and the Beijing National Grand Theatre in China.
KONE employs over 32,000 dedicated experts to serve you globally and locally in over 50 countries.
KONE Corporation www.kone.com
This publication is for general informational purposes only and we reserve the right at any time to alter the product design and specifications. No statement contained in this publication shall be construed as a warranty or condition, express or implied, as to any product, its fitness for any particular purpose, merchantability, quality or shall be interpreted as a term or condition of any purchase agreement for the products or services contained in this publication. Minor differences between printed and actual colors may exist. KONE MonoSpace®, KONE MiniSpace™, KONE EcoDisc®, KONE Alta™ are trademarks or registered trademarks of KONE Corporation. Copyright © 2009 KONE Corporation.
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