CL^IVLM VBQ@G ^VLETGER@ BCBETVIMGEL GMDRQTVG (^-< DGIDL DLM TVLMQGQTIV) XIVEQJI^ GMQTVR@BMTLQG
Dgsusum icbj ; Vgzey Eurmglslrg Eusu`l ^rltgwg 64<1>1<>2:
Lsgstbm ;
^VIHVL@ QTRDG D1 @BTVICIHG DLM DLM GMQTVR@BMTLQG KRVRQLM TBEMGE OGQGEL TBEMGE OGQGEL OLERCTLQ TBEMICIHG GMDRQTVG GMQTGTRT TBEMICIHG QB^RCRJ MI^B@FBV 6><4
CL^IVLM VBQ@G ^VLETGER@ BCBETVIMGEL GMDRQTVG (^-< DGIDL DLM TVLMQGQTIV) XIVEQJI^ GMQTVR@BMTLQG
Dgsusum icbj ; Vgzey Eurmglslrg Eusu`l ^rltgwg 64<1>1<>2:
Lsgstbm ;
^VIHVL@ QTRDG D1 @BTVICIHG DLM GMQTVR@BMTLQG KRVRQLM TBEMGE OGQGEL OLERCTLQ TBEMICIHG GMDRQTVG GMQTGTRT TBEMICIHG QB^RCRJ MI^B@FBV 6><4
g
LFQTVLE
Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg ldlclj gc`u ylmh `b`pbclklrg lclt cgstrge lrus cb`lj ylmh dgipbrlsgelm dbmhlm alrl `bmhimtric lcgrlm bcbetrim ltlu plrtgebc fbr`ultlm cgstrge dlcl` sultu lclt sbpbrtg ei`putbr, pbrlcltlm bcbetrimge, tbr`ieipbc, sb`geimduetir, dlm clgm sbflhlgmyl. Bcbetrimgel sbflhglm dlrg gc`u pbmhbtljulm dlm tbemicihg ylmh `bcgfltelm ei`pimbm bcbetrge letgo sbpbrtg dgidl dlm trlmsgstir. Dgidl dgfutujelm sbflhlg eltup pbmyblrlj sbdlmhelm trlmsgstir `bruplelm ei`pimbm bcbetrimgel `uctgtbr`lc ylgtu sbflhlg pbmhult. Dlcl` rlmhelglm cgstrge, dgidl dlplt `bmhhumlelm sltu, dul, dlm b`plt dgidl. dlm rlmhelglm Trlmsgstir fglslmyl `b`gcgeg 1 tbr`gmlc ylgtu flsgs (dlslr), eicbetir (pbmhu`puc) dlm b`gtir (pb`lmalr). Kbmgs Trlmsgstir dgfbdlelm `bmkldg tghl ylgtu Fgpiclr Kumatgim Trlmsgstir (FKT), Ogbcds Boobat Tlmsgstir ( OBT ), @btlc Ixgdb Qb`gaimduatir OBT (@IQOBT). Eltl Eumag ; Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg, Dgidb, Trlmsgstir, FKT pmp, FKT mpm
gg
LFQTVLAT
Gmdustrglc Bcbatrimgas gs tjb study io wble aurrbmt bcbatrgalc dbvgabs ipbrltbd fy `blms io aimtriccgmh tjb ociw io bcbatrims, ir bcbatrgalccy ajlrhbd plrtgacbs gm l dbvgab suaj ls ai`putbrs, bcbatrimga bqugp`bmt, tjbr`iaiupcb, sb`gaimduatir, lmd si oirtj. Bcbatrimgas pirtgim io tjb sagbmab lmd tbajmicihy gmvicvgmh latgvb bcbatrgalc ai`pimbmts suaj ls dgidbs lmd trlmsgstirs. Mbbdbd ls l vlcvb rbatgogbr dgidbs wjgcb tjb trlmsgstir gs lm bcbatrimga ai`pimbmt ls l victlhb l`pcgogbr. Gm bcbatrgalc agraugts, dgidbs alm usb imb, twi, lmd oiur dgidbs. lmd agraugt trlmsgstirs typgalccy jls 1 tbr`gmlcs, flsb (flsb), aiccbatirs (aiccbatir) lmd b`gttbr (trlms`gttbr). Typbs io trlmsgstirs alm fb dgvgdbd gmti tjrbb, ml`bcy Fgpiclr Kumatgim Trlmsgstir (FKT), Ogbcds Boobat Tlmsgstir (OBT), @btlc Ixgdb Qb`gaimduatir OBT (@IQOBT). Ebywirds; Bcbatrimgas Gmdustry, Dgidb, Trlmsgstir, FKT pmp, mpm FKT
ggg
ELTL ^BMHLMTLV
^ukg syueur eb jldgrlt Tujlm Wlmh @ljl Bsl ltls fbrelt dlm elrumgl-Myl sbjgmhhl Clpirlm Vbs`g ^rletgeu` Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg gmg dlplt tbrsbcbslgelm tbplt pldl wletumyl. Clpirlm gmg dgsusum umtue `b`bmujg sylrlt pbmgclglm prletgeu` ylmh dgsbcbmhlrlelm ^rihrl` Qtudg D1 @btricihg dlm Gmstru`mbtlsg Tbemge Ogsgel GTQ tljum leldb`ge 6><4/6><2. Dlcl` ebsb`pltlm elcg gmg pbmyusum `bmhualpelm tbrg`l elsgj ebpldl; <. Flple Gr. Xgrltmi Lrhi Ls`iri, @.Qa sbcleu disbm pbmhlklr @ltl Eucglj Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg. 6. Qludlrl lsgstbm ylmh tbclj `b`fg`fgmh dlcl` pbcleslmllm prletgeu` Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg. 1. Tb`lm-tb`lm lmheltlm 6><1 ^ridg D1 @btricihg dlm Gmstru`bmtlsg ylmh tbclj `b`flmtu tbrcleslmlmyl ebhgltlm prletgeu` Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg. ^bmyusum `bmyldlrg fljwl flmyle ebeurlmhlm dlcl` pb`fultlm clpirlm gmg flge dlrg sbhg `ltbrg `lupum pbmylkglm. Rmtue gtu pbmyusum `bmhjlrlpelm ergtge dlm slrlm ylmh fbrsgolt `b`flmhum. Lejgr eltl pbmyusum fbrjlrlp sb`ihl clpirlm gmg fbr`lmollt flhg pbmyusum sbmdgrg ejususmyl dlm pb`flal pldl u`u`myl. Qurlflyl,
Ietifbr 6><4
^bmyusum
gv
DLOTLV GQG
JLCL@LM KRDRC............................................................................................. g LFQTVLE ............................................................................................................ gg LFQTVLAT .......................................................................................................... ggg ELTL ^BMHLMTLV .......................................................................................... gv DLOTLV GQG.........................................................................................................v DLOTLV HL@FLV ............................................................................................ vg DLOTLV TLFBC.................................................................................................vgg FLF G ^BMDLJRCRLM ..................................................................................... < <.< Cltlr Fbclelmh ............................................................................................ < <.6 Vu`uslm @lslclj ....................................................................................... < <.1 Tukulm ......................................................................................................... < <.4 Qgstb`ltgel Clpirlm.................................................................................... < FLF GG DLQLV TBIVG ....................................................................................... 6 6.< ^bmhbrtglm Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg .................................................................. 6 6.6 Dgidl .......................................................................................................... 6 6.1 Oumhsg Dgidl .............................................................................................. 1 6.4 Kbmgs Dgidl ................................................................................................. 1 6.2 ^bmhbrtglm Trlmsgstir .................................................................................. 2 6.? Ouhsg Trlmsgstir .......................................................................................... 2 6.8 Kbmgs-kbmgs trlmsgstir ................................................................................... 2 FLF GGG @BTIDICIHG ^BVAIFLLM............................................................. : 1.< Lclt Dlm Fljlm .......................................................................................... : 1.6 ^risbdur ^braifllm .................................................................................... : FLF G_ LMLCGQL DLTL DLM ^B@FLJLQLM ............................................ <> 4.< Lmlcgsl Dltl ............................................................................................... <> 4.6 ^b`fljlslm................................................................................................ <1 FLF _ EBQG@^RCLM ........................................................................................ <2 2.< Ebsg`puclm ................................................................................................ <2 2.6 Qlrlm........................................................................................................... <2 DLOTLV ^RQTLEL CL@^GVLM
v
DLOTLV HL@FLV Hl`flr 6.< Qtruetur Dgidl………………………………………………………6 Hl`flr 6.6 Cghjt B`gtgmh Dgidb (Dgidl B`gsg Aljlyl)………………………...1 Hl`flr 6.1 Dgidb ^jiti (Dgidl Aljlyl)….…………………………………....4 Hl`flr 6.4. Dgidb _lrlatir (Dgidl Elplsgtls)………….………………………4 Hl`flr 6.2 Dgidb Vbatgogbr (Dgidl ^bmyblrlj)..………………………………..4 Hl`flr 6.? Dgidb [bmbr………………………..……………………………….2 Hl`flr 6.8 Qusumlm Ogsge Trlmsgstir……………………………….……………? Hl`flr 6.: Vlmhelglm ^bmhhlmtg Trlmsgstir………………………….…………? Hl`flr 6.7 Qg`fic OBT………………………………………………..………...? Hl`flr 6.<> Qg`fic @IQOBT…………………………………………..………8 Hl`flr 1.<. Vbatgogbr sltu dgidl…………………………………………..……..: Hl`flr 1.6 Vbatgogbr dul dgidb……………………………………………..……: Hl`flr 1.1 Vbatgogbr b`plt dgidb……………………………………………..…: Hl`flr 1.4 Vlmhelglm FKT……………………………………………………....7 Hl`flr 4.< Tl`pgclm hbci`flmh icbj rlmhelglm sltu dgidl pldl Isgciseip…<> Hl`flr 4.6.Tl`pgclm hbci`flmh icbj rlmhelglm sltu dgidl pldl Qg`ucltir @uctgsg`…………………………………………………………....<> Hl`flr 4.1 Tl`pgclm hbci`flmh icbj rlmhelglm dul dgidl pldl Isgciseip….<> Hl`flr 4.4 Tl`pgclm hbci`flmh icbj rlmhelglm dul dgidl pldl Qg`ucltir @uctgsg`……………………………………………………………<< Hl`flr 4.2 Tl`pgclm hbci`flmh icbj rlmhelglm b`plt dgidl pldl Isgciseip.<< Hl`flr 4.? Tl`pgclm hbci`flmh icbj rlmhelglm b`plt dgidl pldl Qg`ucltir @uctgsg`…………………………………………………………....<< Hl`flr 4.8 Vlmhelglm FKT- M^M………………………………………………<6 Hl`flr 4.: Vlmhelglm FKT-^M^…………………………………………….…<6
vg
DLOTLV TLFBC Tlfbc 4.< Dltl mgclg pldl rlmhelglm FKT………………………………………..<1
vgg
FLF G ^BMDLJRCRLM <.<
Cltlr Fbclelmh Bcbetrimgel Gmdustrg ldlclj gc`u ylmh `b`pbclklrg lclt cgstrge lrus cb`lj ylmh dgipbrlsgelm dbmhlm alrl `bmhimtric lcgrlm bcbetrim ltlu plrtgebc fbr`ultlm cgstrge dlcl` sultu lclt sbpbrtg ei`putbr, pbrlcltlm bcbetrimge, tbr`ieipbc, sb`geimduetir, dlm clgm sbflhlgmyl. Gc`u ylmh `b`pbclklrg lclt-lclt sbpbrtg gmg `bruplelm alflmh dlrg gc`u ogsgel, sb`bmtlrl fbmtue dbslgm dlm pb`fultlm sgreugt bcbetrimgemyl ldlclj flhglm dlrg tbemge bcbetri, tbemge ei`putbr, dlm gc`u/tbemge bcbetrimgel dlm gmstru`bmtlsg. Bcbetrimge `bruplelm elkglm dlm pbmhhumllm pbrlmtg bcbetrge ylmh fbripbrlsg dbmhlm elwlclm lcgrlm bcbetrim ltlu sbflrlmh plrtgebc fbralk bcbetrge. Gl ldlclj sbflhglm dlrgpldl alflmh slgms dlm tbemicihg ylmh `bcgfltelm cgtlr bcbetrge sbrtl ei`pimbm bcbetrgelc letgo sbpbrtg dgidb dlm trlmsgstir. ^rletgelm dgtumtut umtue `l`ljl`g jlc tbrsbfut sbflhlg dlslr pb`ljl`lm dlcl` sbfulj bcbetrimgel gmdustry. Icbj elrbml gtu Clfirltirgu` Xiresjip Gmstru`bmtlsg Kuruslm Tbemge Ogsgel GTQ `bmhldlelm ^rletgeu` `bmhbmlg Bcbtrimgel Gmdustrg <.6
Vu`uslm @lslclj Ldlpum pbr`lslcljlm dlcl` clpirlm gmg, ylgtu ; <. Flhlg`lml elrletbrgstge dgidl dlm trlmsgstir fbsbrt l oumhsg oumhsgmyl9 6. Flhlg`lml `b`fult rlmhelglm FKT sbflhlg sleclr9
<.1
Tukulm Ldlpum tukulm pbraifllm dlcl` clpirlm gmg, ylgtu; <. @b`ljl`g elrletbrgstge Dgidl dlm Trlmsgstir fbsbrtl oumhsg oumhsgmyl. 6. @b`ljl`g rlmhelglm FKT sbflhlg sleclr
<.4
Qgstb`ltgel Clpirlm Dlcl` sgstb`ltgel clpirlm fbrgsg flf dlm suf flf ylmh tbrdgrg dlrg ; <. Flf G ^bmdljuculm fbrgsg tbmtlmh cltlr fbclelmh, ru`uslm `lslclj, tukulm, dlm sgstb`ltgel clpirlm. 6. Flf GG fbrgsg dlslr tbirg. 1. Flf GGG `btidicihg pbraifllm fbrgsg pbrcltlm pbraifllm dlm prisbdur pbraifllm. 4. Flf G_ fbrgsg lmlcgsl dltl dlm pb`fljlslm. 2. Flf _ pbmutup, ?. Flf _G fbrgsg tuhls ejusus.
<
