The Number 100
The number 100 is cien when it stands alone, but it becomes ciento when it comes before another number. Example: 100 = cien
120 = ciento veinte
Addresses and Telephone Numbers In Spanish, when an address (una (una dirección) dirección) is given, the name of the street is usually followed by the by the number. Also, when the numbers of addresses go over a hundred, they are usually grouped in sets of two. two. In 3225 Summer Avenue, the number in La Avenida del Verano, número 3225 would be said as treinta y dos, veinticinco or or thirty-two, thirty-two, twenty-five. In Spanish, telephone numbers (los números de teléfono) teléfono) are also grouped in sets of two. two. The phone number 555-2464 would be read as cinco, cincuenta y cinco, veinticuatro, sesenta y cuatro or or five, five, fifty-five, twenty-four, sixty-four.
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Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Los números 0-59 (Numbers 0-59) Review
a t n 0 e 5 u c n i c
a t n 0 e 4 r a u c
a t n 0 i 3 e r t
e t 0 n i 2 e v
z 0 e i 1 d
o r 0 e c
s e r t
y
s o d y
a 1 t 5 n e u c n i c
a 2 t 5 n e u c n i c
a 3 t 5 n e u c n i c
o n u y
s o d
s e r t y
a 1 t 4 n
a 2 t 4 n e r a u c
a 3 t 4 n
o n u
s o d y 2 a 3 t
s e r t
o n u
e r a u c
y 1 a 3 t n i e r t
o n u i 1 t 2 n i e v
e 1 c 1 n o
o 1 n u
y
y
e r a u c
n i e r t
y 3 a 3 t n i e r t
s ó d i 2 t 2 n i
s é r t i 3 t 2 n i
e v
e 2 c 1 o d
s 2 o d
e v
e 3 c 1 e r t
s 3 e r t
o r t a u c y 4 a 5 t n e u c n i c
o c n i c y 5 a t 5 n e u c n i c
o r t a u c
o c n i c
s i e s
y 4 a 4 t n e r a u c
y 5 a 4 t n e r a u c
6 a t 4 n e r a u c
o r t a u c 4 y 3 a t n i e r t
o c n i c 5 y 3 a t n i
o r t a u 4 c i 2 t n i e v
o c n i c 5 i t 2 n i
e c 4 r o 1 t a c
o r t 4 a u c
e r t
e v
e c 5 n i 1 u q
o c 5 n i c
s i e s y a 6 t 5 n e u c n i c
y
e t e i s
o h c o
y
y
7 a t 5 n e u c n i c
8 a t 5 n e u c n i c
e t e i s
o h c o
y 7 a t 4 n e r a u c
y 8 a t 4 n e r a u c
6 y 3 a t n i e r t
e t e i s
o h c o
7 y 3 a t n i e r t
8 y 3 a t n i e r t
s i é s i 6 t 2 n i e v
e t e i s 7 i t 2 n i
o h c o 8 i t 2 n i
s i e s
e v
e v
d
e t e i 7 s i 1 c e i d
o h c 8 o i 1 c e i
s i 6 e s
e t 7 e i s
o h 8 c o
s i é s 6 i 1 c e i
d
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
e v e u n y 9 a 5 t n e u c n i c
e v e u n y 9 a 4 t n e r a u c
e v e u n 9 y 3 a t n i e r t
e v e u 9 n i 2 t n i e v
e v e 9 u n i 1 c e i d
e v 9 e u n
183
Práctica (Practice) Match each numeral with the correct number written in Spanish. Write the letter on the line provided.
184
______ 1. 88
A. cien
______ 2. 71
B. cinc cincue uent ntaa y sei seiss
______ 3. 100
C. diez
______ 4. 94
D. nove novent ntaa y cuat cuatro ro
______ 5. 39
E. oche ochent ntaa y ocho ocho
______ 6. 66
F. quince
______ 7. 10
G. sese sesent ntaa y seis seis
______ 8. 27
H. sete setent ntaa y uno uno
______ 9. 56
I. trei treint ntaa y nuev nuevee
______ 10. 15
J. J. vein veinti tisi siet etee
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) Write the next number that follows each numeral. Then use the list below to write the number in Spanish. cien cincuenta y nueve cuarenta y siete noventa y cuatro
ochenta ochenta y dos sesenta y tres
trece treinta treinta y cinco
26 veintiséis Modelo (Model): 25, ________________________________________________ 1. 34, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 2. 46, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 3. 58, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 4. 62, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 5. 29, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 6. 93, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 7. 81, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 8. 79, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 9. 99, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 10. 12, _______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
185
Práctica (Practice) Say the following numbers in Spanish to your partner. Have your partner use page 181 and the review sheet on page 183 to check your answers . Partner 1
1. 92
6. 13
2. 68
7. 5
3. 53
8. 11
4. 77
9. 36
5. 20
10. 84
Now switch roles and determine the next number that follows each numeral. Then say that answer in Spanish. Have your partner use page 181 and the review sheet on page 183 to check your answers . Partner 2
186
1. 92,
6. 13,
2. 68,
7. 5,
3. 53,
8. 11,
4. 77,
9. 36,
5. 20,
10. 84,
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) Match each number written in Spanish with the correct numeral. Write the letter on the line provided.
______ 1. ochenta y nueve
A. 11
______ 2. cincuenta
B. 65
______ 3. cuarenta y tres
C. 100
______ 4. nueve
D. 86
______ 5. ochenta y seis
E. 89
______ 6. noventa y ocho
F. 50
______ 7. once
G. 43
______ 8. sesenta y cinco
H. 31
______ 9. treinta y uno
I. 98
______ 10. cien
J. 9
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187
Práctica (Practice) Arrange the numbers below into numerical order from smallest to largest . Write the answers in Spanish on the lines provided. cien cincuenta y ocho cuarenta y cinco noventa y nueve ochenta y cuatro
ochenta y tres sesenta setenta y cuatro treinta y cuatro treinta y ocho
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
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Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) Solve the following. Write the answer in Spanish. The first one in each group has been done for you. Las matemáticas (Mathematics)
Add:
1.
diez y ocho + veintiocho ______________
3.
setenta y dos + cuatro _______________
cuarenta + di diez ___________
4.
doce + tr treinta y uno _______________
quince – siete _________
7.
ochenta y cinco – uno __________________
treinta y nueve – once _________________
8.
cincuenta y tres – veinte __________________
cuartenta y seis
2.
Subtract :
5.
ocho
6.
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
189
Multiply:
9.
cinco x tres ________
11.
quince x cuatro __________
treinta y tres x tres _______________
12.
veinticinco x dos ________________
quince
10.
Divide:
190
13.
ochenta = veinte cuatro
15.
cien dos =
14.
veinticinco = cinco
16.
sesenta y seis = tres
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) Use the lists and the numerals and pictures below to write in Spanish and then say them to your partner in Spanish. Be sure to make the nouns plural. numbers cincuenta y siete cuarenta y dos doce noventa y nueve noventa y tres
Modelo (Model): 5
singular nouns
ocho sesenta y cinco setenta y cuatro treinta veintiuno
bandera calculadora libro mesa mochila
página papel profesor pupitre silla
cinco lápices __________________________ _____________________________________ ___________
1. 30
_______ ___________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ ___
2. 42
_______ ___________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ ___
3. 21
________ ____________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ ___
4. 93
_______ ___________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ ___
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
191
5. 65
________ ____________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ _______ ___
6. 12
________ ____________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ______ __
7. 74
__________ ______________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ _______ ___
8. 57
_______ ___________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ______ __
9. 8
_______ ___________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ______ __
10. 99
192
________ ____________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ______ __
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Cultural Differences
Many things are different from one culture to the other. One such difference between the United States and Spanish-speaking cultures are the systems used for weights and measures. measures. The United States uses the U.S. customary system of measurement. The Spanish-speaking world (and most other countries) use the metric system. Unlike the U.S. customary system, the metric system uses units of measure that are all divisible by 10. Therefore, in those countries you may get a surprise when you get on a scale to be weighed, take your temperature, or try on clothing or shoes. Conversion Table of Weights and Measures Metric System 10 grams
U.S. Equivalent = 1 decagram
= 0. 0.353 ounce
250 grams
= 8.825 ounces
28 grams
= 1 ounce
454 grams
= 1 pound
100 grams
= 3 1/w ounces
80 milliliters
= 1/e cup
240 milliliters
= 1 cup
1 kilo
= 2.21 pounds
Using the U.S. system, imagine that you weigh 150. Using the metric system you would only weigh about 68. That is because you are being weighed in kilograms, not pounds. A kilogram is equal to approximately 2.21 pounds in the U.S. customary system.
68
On a scale using the metric system, you would only weigh about 68.
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
193
At the doctor’s doctor ’s office, the nurse may take your temperature. Since you are not running a fever, your temperature is normal—so the thermometer reads 37 degrees ( )! Your temperature is being measured in Celsius (C) (centígrado), also known as centigrade. A temperature of 37 Celsius is equal to the normal temperature of 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (F). Fahrenheit is the scale used in the United States to measure degree of heat. °
Centigrade and Fahrenheit Thermometer Scales C°
F°
C°
F°
C°
F°
C°
33.8
26
78.8
51
1 2 3. 8
76
1 6 8. 8
2
35.6
27
80.6
52
1 2 5. 6
77
1 7 0. 6
3
37.4
28
82.4
53
1 2 7. 4
78
1 7 2. 4
4
39.2
29
84.2
54
1 2 9. 2
79
1 7 4. 2
5
41 41
30
86
55
131
80
17 6 17
6
42.8
31
87.8
56
1 3 2. 8
81
1 7 7. 8
7
44.6
32
89.6
57
1 3 4. 6
82
1 7 9. 6
8
46.4
33
91.4
58
1 3 6. 4
83
1 8 1. 4
9
48.2
34
93.2
59
1 3 8. 2
84
1 8 3. 2
10
50 50
35
95
60
140
85
18 5 18
11
51.8
36
96.8
61
1 41 . 8
86
1 8 6. 8
12
53.6
37
98.6
62
1 43 . 6
87
1 8 8. 6
13
55.4
38
100.4
63
1 45 . 4
88
1 9 0. 4
14
57.2
39
102.2
64
1 47 . 2
89
1 9 2. 2
15
59
40
10 4 10
65
149
90
1 94
16
60.8
41
105.8
66
1 50 . 8
91
1 9 5. 8
17
62.6
42
107.6
67
1 52 . 6
92
1 9 7. 6
18
64.4
43
109.4
68
1 54 . 4
93
1 9 9. 4
19
66.2
44
111.2
69
1 56 . 2
94
2 0 1. 2
20
68
45
11 3 11
70
158
95
2 03
21
69.8
46
114.8
71
1 59 . 8
96
2 0 4. 8
22
71.6
47
116.6
72
1 61 . 6
97
2 0 6. 6
23
73.4
48
118.4
73
1 63 . 4
98
2 0 8. 4
24
75.2
49
120.2
74
1 65 . 2
25
77
50
122
75
167
0
32
1
99 100
F°
2 1 0. 2 212
You may also get a real surprise when you try on clothing or shoes. Your size on the metric scale would be considerably higher than the American sizes. size
40? If you wore a size 9 shoe in the United States, your comparable metric size would be a size 40.
194
Let’s imagine you wear a size 9 shoe in the United States. Your comparable metric size would be a size 40. A man with a size 39-inch waist would require a size 86 pants in any Spanish-speaking country. That is because your waist is being measure in centimeters (centímetros), not inches. A centimeter is roughly 4/qp of an inch. One hundred centimeters equals one meter (metro). To get an idea of the approximate length of a meter, remember that it is about the same length as the width of the average kitchen stove (or close to 39 inches).
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) Use the recipe below and the Conversion Table of Weights and Measures chart on page 193 to convert the U.S. customary system measurements measurements to metric measurements , the system Spanish-speaking countries use.
Ingredients for Tacos Tacos 1poundground beef 1 cupwater 2 ounces taco seasoning mix taco shells - warmed Toppings: 2 cups shredded lettuce 4 ounces chopped tomatoes 1/e cup shredded cheese 3 ounces taco sauce
1. 1 pound pound = ________ ____________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ____ 2. 1 cup = _______ ___________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ____ 3. 2 ounces ounces = ________ ____________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ____ 4. 2 cups = _______ ___________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ ______ ___ 5. 4 ounces ounces = ________ ____________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ____ 6.
1/ecup=
_______________ _______________________ _______________ _______________ ________________ ______________ ______
7. 3 ounces ounces = ________ ____________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ____
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
195
Práctica (Practice) Use the map below and the chart Centigrade and Fahrenheit Thermometer Scales on page 193 . Convert the temperatures of the countries listed below from Fahrenheit (F ) to centigrade (Celsius—C ). °
°
Estados Unidos
N
68F°
W
E S
México
98.6F° Guatemala
República Dominicana
Golfo de México
Cuba
Puerto Rico Océano Atlántico
Belice Honduras Nicaragua
El Salvador Costa Rica Panamá
95F°
Guyana
Venezuela VENE Colombia ZUEL COL
100.4F° OMBI
A
A
Ecuador Perú
Brasil
91.4F° Océano Pacífico
Bolivia Paraguay Chile
Argentina
78.8F°
89.6F° Uruguay Océano Atlántico
1. Estados Estados Unidos Unidos ________ ____________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ _______ ___ 2. México México ________ ____________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ _______ ___ 3. Venezuel Venezuelaa ________ ____________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 4. Colombia_____ Colombia________ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ______ 5. Perú ________ ___________ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______ 6. Argentina Argentina ________ ___________ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ____ 7. Uruguay Uruguay _______ ___________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ ______ __
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Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
The Verb estar (To Be)
The verb estar is one of the ways to say to be. When used this way, it is called an infinitive . An infinitive always means to plus some action , in this case, be. In this section, you will learn how to use this word in the present tense , or, in other words, how to say what is happening now , at the current time. Use the letters of the word HELP to remember when to use the verb estar. Estar is used to mean is , am , or are when you are talking about the following: H—Health —to tell how you or someone is feeling
healthwise at this time
E—Emotions and feelings —to tell about your emotions
and feelings at this time
L—Location —to tell where something is at
this time
P—Present and temporary conditions—to describe
something that can change. Example: The water is cold.
Estar—temporary Estar—tempora ry conditions H—Health E—Emotions L—Location P—Present and temporary conditions
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
197
Let’s first explore health. We will use estar to describe if we are well or ill. Estar can also be used to state that we are all right or feeling okay. First we must look at the forms of estar: Forms of estar —To —To Be yo
estoy
I am
tú
estás
you are (informal)
usted
está
you are (formal)
él
está
he is
ella
está
she is
nosotros
estamos
we are (all males or a mixed group)
nosotras
estamos
we are (all females)
ustedes
están
you are (plural)
ellos
están
they are (all males or a mixed group)
ellas
están
they are (all females)
Note: Ud. is the abbreviation for usted (you—formal) and Uds. is the abbreviation for ustedes (you—plural).
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Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) The following statements describe feeling well (bien) . Listen and repeat as the teacher models the following statements. escuchen (listen) repitan (repeat)
Yo estoy bien. Ella está bien. Nosotros estamos bien. Usted está bien. Tú estás bien. Now, listen and repeat the statements again . The following statements describe not feeling well . They describe feeling bad (mal) or ill. Listen and repeat as the teacher models the following statements. escuchen (listen) repitan (repeat)
Ustedes están mal. Él está mal. Yo estoy mal. Ella está mal. Ellos están mal. Now, listen and repeat the statements again .
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
199
The following statements describe feeling okay. There are two common expressions in Spanish for this: regular or feeling regular or normal, and así, así or feeling so-so or fair. Listen and repeat as the teacher models the following statements. escuchen (listen) repitan (repeat)
Yo estoy regular. Usted está regular. Ella está regular. Tú estás regular. Nosotros estamos así, así. Ellas están así, así. Ustedes están así, así. Now, listen and repeat the statements again .
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Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
Práctica (Practice) Use the lists below to tell how the following people are feeling . Write the answers in Spanish. One feeling term will be used more than once . forms of estar estoy estás está
feelings
estamos están
Modelo ( Model Model ):
así, así bien
mal regular
He feels well.
Él_______________ está bien. Él _______________ _______________________ _______________ ________________ _______________ ___________ ____ 1.
She feels bad. Ella _______________ _______________________ ________________ _______________ _______________ _______________ __________ ___
2. You You feel eel well ell. Tú _______________ ______________________ _______________ ________________ _______________ _______________ ____________ ____ 3. We fe feel so so-so or fair. Nosotros _______________ _______________________ ________________ _______________ _______________ _____________ _____ 4.
They feel bad. Ellos ________________ _______________________ _______________ _______________ _______________ ________________ __________
5. I fee feel regu regula larr or normal. Yo _______________ _______________________ _______________ _______________ ________________ _______________ ___________ ____
Unit 3: Expressing Yourself—Numbers, Verbs, Weights, and Measurements
201