Lesson Plan and worksheets on Characteristics of Living Things
Kavita Grover
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Characteristics of living things Pre-requisite knowledge/skills: Learning outcomes: The students will be able to:
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Identify the seven characteristics of living things Differentiate between living and non-living
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Infer that living things have modifications according to their habits, need and habitat.
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Materials / resources required: Chart, fact sheet Essential Unit uestions: • •
Time
What are the characteristics of living things What are the criteria of classification of plants and animals
Class se setting/ !esources
#$mins #$mins %hole %hole class class
Learning "equence
Introduction: !ave the students to ta"e out their home assignment and as" if any one faced any difficulty. !ave !ave the students read out their answers and discuss them. #how to the students a few samples of living and non-living things and as" them to tell the differences between them. #olicit the reply that they can be classified as living or nonliving, natural or man-made. $s" them what they understand by living and non-living things by giving e%amples.
%hole class discussion()roup &' min activity(half chart paper
Phase #: &nstructional Process
Tell Tell the students that the following activity is a group wor". *ach group has to write down what they thin" are the characteristics of living things. $s" how can they differentiate between living and nonliving things Divide the class into groups. Phase ':
$fter the groups have finished their wor" as" them to read Kavita Grover
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out their answers and using mind ma((ing tool given as reference write on the blac"board the seven main characteristics of living things $s" students: What are the different characteristics of livings thing Conclude by saying that the main differences are: +ovement, espiration, #ensitivity, #ensitivity, )rowth, utrition, eproduction, *%cretion, and. et/s now ta"e up each characteristic and discuss about it. Movement: $s" the students what they understand by • movement. Why do living things move • !ow do insects, birds, fishes, etc move • • Do plants also move !ow do animals move • Why do they move • !es(iration: What is respiration • Do plants also respire(how do plants breathe • !ow do they breathe • • !ow do animals breathe 0and, 0 and, water, worms and insects1 "ensitivit): • What do you understand by sensitivity When you pric" your hand what do you do • When you see some insect near your eye what do • you do What happens when you feel very cold • What are the different sense organs • • Do you thin" plants are also sensitive *rowth: • $s": What is growth Do all living things grow • !ow do plants grow • )ive an e%ample • Do animals show growth • !e(roduction: • What is reproduction • Why do living things reproduce !ow do plants reproduce • Kavita Grover
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Where are seeds produced !ow do animals reproduce • E+cretion: What is e%cretion • • Why do living things e%crete • !ow do animals e%crete What do they e%crete • Do plants have any organs for e%cretion • ,utrition: What is nutrition • Why do living thing need food • !ow do animals produce food • • !ow do plants produce food Why are leaves green • ame the process through which plants ma"e their • own food •
Tell Tell the students that living thing must have all the +# )* characteristics to be classified as living.
Phase : 2' mins mins )roup wor".(enlarged copy $fter the mind mapping on the 33, the students have to read of the incomplete the fact sheet and complete the in-complete mind map. mind map(fact sheet
2' mins 4aired 4aired wor"( wor"sheet
Phase .:
5 mins
%hole class/work sheet
4hase 6:
%hole class
Closure: $s" the students: • What are the characteristics of living things • What are the differences between plants and animals
1ome work
wor"sheet
Kavita Grover
$fter the group the students will wor" in pair and complete the table on the wor" sheet.
eed0ack:
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Kavita Grover
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act "heet
Characteristics of living things #2 M34EME,T
+ost living things move. iving things move in order to survive. 4lants move but do not move their position. They are able to move parts of themselves. 4lants move their roots towards water and towards the centre of the earth. They move their stems and leaves towards light. $nimals move to "eep themselves safe and to loo" for food. #ome animals move on land, air and water.
'2 !E"P !E"P&! &!5 5T&3, &3,
$ll living things need o%ygen to stay alive. They use o%ygen to turn food into energy. To obtain o%ygen from the air, animals animals and plants e%change gases between themselves and their surroundings. )reen plants e%change gases with their surroundings through holes in the under-surface of their leaves. These holes are called stomata. $nimals have different organs of breathing depending in the habitat they stay. .
%ost land ani!als have lungs$
Fishes, which live under water, obtain oxygen
or!s get oxygen through the sur"ace o" their o" their s#in, and insects use breathing tubes
2 "E "E," ,"&T &T&4 &4&T &T6 6:
$ll living things react to stimuli. This means they are sensitive to changes in their surroundings and react to them. $ll animals are sensitive to what is happening around them. *%ample we shiver when it is cold. We We withdraw our hand when we touch a hot thing. #ome animals have complicated nervous systems and brains. They have a sense of taste7 sight7 hearing7 touch and smell .
Kavita Grover
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4lants also respond to stimuli, but in a different way to animals. #ome plants turn towards the sunlight. Their roots sense and move towards water. The The sun flower turns tur ns its face towards the sun, during the day and droop when the sun has set. .2 *!3%T1
$ll living things grow. This means they increase their si7e. They can grow taller. They can grow wider.
Plants grow taller and wider. Seedlings grow into bigger plants. Plants increase their size in all directions. And their shape is changing all the time.
Baby animals grow into adult animals. Animals also grow grow taller and wider, wider, but but can only increase their size in a definite shape$
82 !EP! !EP!39 39UC UCT& T&3, 3, $ll living things reproduce, this means that they ma"e copies of themselves before they die. .
'o!e ani!als re(roduce by laying eggs$ Frogs, sna#es !ost )sh and insects lay eggs$ hen the young ones o" these
%a!!als li#e dogs, cow, rabbits etc give birth to you to young ones$ *he !other suc#les the young ones with her !il#$ %an is also a !a!!al$
4lants which have flowers reproduce from seeds. The new seedlings then grow into plants. 8ther plants grow from spores and cuttings. 2 E;C!E ;C!ET& T&3 3, iving things have to remove the harmful effects of waste products from their body. #ome of these waste products are: carbon-di o%ide, nitrogen and water. . +ni!als, such as hu!ans, cats, dogs, re!ove the har!"ul eects o" the gas carbon dioxide by breathing out$ *hey also breathe out water va(or$ va(or$ *he !ain organs which re!ove nitrogen waste "ro! the
Kavita Grover
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4lants also produce waste nitrogen, but only in small amounts. They do not possess organs to remove it, so store it in some of their cells after they have turned it into a harmless substance. #ome harmful wastes are e%creted from the bar" of the tree. <2 ,UT ,UT!&T& !&T&3, 3,
$ll living things feed. They feed to supply themselves with energy.
+ni!als do not !a#e their own "ood$ *hey "eed on (lants, other ani!als, and on
+ost green plants ma"e their own food. They ma"e their food from the simple raw materials carbon dio%ide and water. The The green color 0chloro(h)ll1 in the leaves together with sunlight allows carbon dio%ide and water to be combined. This process is called (hotos)nthesis.
Kavita Grover
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%orksheet #
9sing M!" *!E, criteria of classification write the differences between plants and animals.
4 4$T#
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%orksheet ' Kavita Grover
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21 Draw & pictures pictures of each each of each each of the the following following.. atural things +an made things iving on-living things &1 Wr Write ite the names names of two items items in the the class room room that were: were: iving 8nce living but now dead ever living
1 What are the similari similarities ties and differenc differences es between plants plants and animals animals
61 !ow do the following following animals animals breathe breathe Draw Draw and write their their names of the organs. organs.
Worms Insects ;ishes 3irds
Kavita Grover
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Short answer types 21 What are are the seven seven characteris characteristic tic of living living things things &1 !ow do green green plants ma"e their food 1 What are the the diff different erent sense organs organs 61 Where Where are are seed seedss produc produced ed 51 Do plants plants have any any organs organs for e%cretio e%cretion n <1 What What is is nutri nutriti tion on =1 Why are leaves leaves green green >1 !ow do plants plants breath breathe e ?1 What is the the difference difference between between the growth growth of plants plants and animal animals s
Kavita Grover
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%orksheet
9sing M!" *!E, criteria for classification complete the table given below. Identify if it/s living or non-living.
Thing
M
!
"
*
!
E
,
Living/,onliving
Com(uter mouse
Coc"roach
+ushroom
!ock
Kavita Grover
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"(rite
,ail
Clouds
Tree
Kavita Grover
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