One should also indicate the results of all the twelve houses. The results of the planets placed in various houses has been mentioned to you by me.
& & & & & ] \ \ \ \ \ Next I shall tell you the various kinds of dashas . Vimshottari is the first dasha. Shodashottari, Dwadashottari, Ashtottari, Panchottari, Shatasama, Chaturashiti, Dwisaptati, Shashtisama, Shadtrimshati, Khetakrama, Rashikrama, Bhagkrama, Navamshaka Graha , Rashiamshaka, Kaala and Chakra are the dashas spoken by the sages.
Commentary: The Navamshaka Graha dasha is also known as the Navamsha Nava dasha. The word Graha is used to indicate the number nine.
& & \ ] 2 Vimshottari dasha is of two kinds, Ashtottari dasha is of two kinds, Chakra dasha is of two kinds and Kaala dasha is of three kinds. Twenty two different dashas are mentioned. I shall speak about the methods of their computation. Listen, O best amongst Dwijas!
Commentary: Twenty two different kinds of dashas are spoken of in these shlokas. Here is a list for ready reference: 1,2. Two kinds of Vimshottari dashas 3. Shodashottari dasha 4. Dwadashottari dasha 5,6. Two kinds of Ashtottari dashas 7. Panchottari dasha 8. Shatasama dasha 9. Chaturashiti dasha 10. Dwisaptati dasha 11. Shashtisama dasha 12. Shadtrimshati dasha 13. Khetakrama dasha 14. Rashikrama dasha 15. Bhagkrama dasha 16. Navamshaka Graha dasha 17. Rashiamshaka dasha 18,19,20. Three kinds of Kaala dashas and 21,22. Two kinds of Chakra dashas. In the succeeding shlokas we find the description of all dashas except one – Bhagakrama Dasha. Either the sage as not defined this dasha or el se the relevant shlokas have been lost.
& ] % % \ \ 4 ] ] ` () () () ' () / () () () () () (Vimshottari Dasha of one hundred and twenty years i s being defined.) One should count from Ardra or Krittika upto the constellation of birth. If the lagna is in the hora of Sun in the dark fortnight then one should count from Ardra. If the lagna is in the hora of Moon in the bright fortnight then one should count from Krittika. One should count upto the constellation of birth and then divide the result by nine. Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, Ketu and Venus are the lords of the dashas depending upon the remainder. Six, ten, seven, eighteen, sixteen, nineteen, nineteen, seventeen, seven and twenty are the respective durations of the dashas of the planets beginning with the Sun.
Commentary: The description of Vimshottari dasha here is quite different from what is used traditionally. In shloka 110 of this chapter Lomasha has said that there are two variants of Vimshottari dasha. But Parashara talks of only one kind of Vimshottari dasha. Here is what BPHS says in shlokas 41.12-41.13 about this da sha:
& ] ' \ Beginning from Krittika, the lords of dashas are Sun, Moon, Mars, Rahu, Jupiter, Saturn, Mercury, Ketu and Venus in that order. Thus, if the nakshatras from Krtitika to the Janma Nakshatra are divided by nine, the remainder will signify the lord of the commencing dasha. The remaining dashas will be of the planets in the order given above.
According to BPHS counting is to be done from Krittika irrespective of any conditions. While Lomasha says that counting should be done from Krittika or from Ardra based on the paksha of Moon and the hora of ascendant at birth. Another major difference is that according to Lomasha’s definion, this dasha is applica ble to only those charts in which birth is in the dark fortnight in the hora of Sun or in the bright fortnight in the hora of Moon. This means that the dasha is appl icable in only fifty percent of the charts. What about the other charts then? Interestingly if one looks at the criteria for the Shodashottari dasha in shlokas 116-118 of this chapter, the criteria for this dasha are exactly complementary to the criteria for the Vimshottari dasha. So one should use Shodashottari dasha where Vimshottari is not applicable. Some research is needed on the definition provided by Lomasha to verify if it gives better results.
' \ ' & Count in steps of one starting with eleven and ending wi th eighteen. This shall be the respective duration years of Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Ketu, Moon, Mercury and Venus. The lords of the dashas exclude Rahu amongst the nine planets and are eight in number. One should count from Pushya upto the constellation at birth and then divide the result by eig ht. This Shodashottari Dasha (one hundred and sixteen) should be employed for studying the results of men when the lagna is i n the hora of the Sun in bright fortnight or in the hora of Moon in the dark fortnight.
Commentary: The description of Shodashottari dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara.
\ \ & () Sun, Jupiter, Ketu, Mercury, Rahu, Mars, Saturn and Moon (is the sequence of dashas here). This dasha excludes Venus. The years of dasha durations are in a sequence beginning from seven in steps of two. One should count from the constellation at birth upto Revati and then divide the result by eight. When the native is born in the Navamsha of Venus then this Dwadashottari Dasha (one hundred and twelve) should be employed.
Commentary: The description of Dwadashottari dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara.
2 & () () () () () () ] () () % 3 3 ` 3 & ' ] & 3 & & & G.S. Sastry) ( 3 ] \ ] Now I shall mention the Ashtottari Dasha (one hundred and eight). Listen, O best of Dwijas! Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Jupiter, Rahu and Venus – these planets are the lords of the dashas - that is the nine planets except Ketu. Six, fifteen, eight, seventeen, ten, nineteen, twelve and twenty one are the dasha durations of planets beginning with Sun. When Rahu is placed in a kendra or trikona from the lord of the ascendant but is not pl aced in the ascendant then the Ashtottari Dasha should be employed. It should not be empl oyed when Rahu is placed elsewhere. The Ashtottari Dasha is twofold - one beginning from Ardra and the other beginning from Krittika. When Rahu is conjunct with another planet(s) then the counting for the dasha should begin from Ardra and when Rahu is placed alone then the counting for the dasha should begin from Krittika. One should count upto the constellation of birth in the sequence four, three, four, three etc.
Commentary: Here as well the definitions of the dasha given by Lomasha and Parashara do not match. Lomasha has said in shloka 110 that Ashtottari dasha is of two kinds. Parashara mentions only one variant. He does not di stinguish between Rahu being placed alone or with other planets and advises counting from Ardra in both cases. Another difference is that Parashara mentions that this dasha i s applicable only if the native is born during daytime in the dark fortnight or during nighttime in bright fortnight. Lomasha has not mentioned any such condition. Some research is needed to delineate the proper condition of applicability as well as the proper counting rule for this dasha.
& ' ] / The dasha duration for the seven planets begins with twelve years (in steps of one upto eighteen). Count from the constellation Anuradha upto the constellation of birth and divide by seven. The dasha shall begin from the planet according to the remainder obtained. Sun, Mercury, Saturn, Mars, Venus, Moon and Jupiter (are the lords of the dashas in the sequence of remainders obtained), excluding the nodes. This Panchottarshata Dasha (one hundred and five years) should be employed when the ascendant is Cancer and is in the Dwadashamsha of Cancer. It should not be employed i n any other case. Now the Shatabdika Dasha is being defined.
Commentary: The word paata in the shloka refers to the nodes - Rahu and Ketu. The description of Panchottarashata dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara.
/ : \ & ' / Now the Shatabdika Dasha (one hundred years). Sun, Moon, Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, Mars and Saturn receive five, five, ten, ten, twenty, twenty and thirty years respectively. The Shatabdika Dasha should be employed when the ascendant is Vargottama. One should count from Revati upto the asterism at birth and divide the result by seven. The remainder should be counted from Sun. This is the Shatasama Dasha.
Commentary: The description of Shataabdika dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara.
\ ' 3 ` When the lord of the tenth house is in the tenth house then the Chaturashiti Dasha (eighty four years) should be employed. All planets except Rahu and Ketu that is Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn have dasha duration of twelve years each. One should count from Swati upto the asterism at birth and d ivide the result by seven.
Commentary: The description of Chaturashiti dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara.
] ] () ' When the lord of the ascendant is in the seventh house and the lord of the seventh house is in the ascendant then Dwyadhikasaptatisama Dasha (seventy two years) should be e mployed there. All planets, except Ketu, have duration of nine years, each. One should count from Mula upto the constellation at birth and divi de the result by eight. One should commence the dasha on the basis of the remainder obtained. Now I shall mention the Shashthayani Dasha.
Comment: The description of Dwisaptatisama dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara except for one small difference in the criteria of applicabili ty of this dasha. BPHS says that either the ascendant lord should be in the seventh house or the seventh lord should be in the first house. While Lomasha says that both conditions are necessary for the applicability of this dasha.
\ ] ] ' Jupiter, Sun and Mars have duration of ten years each. Moon, Mercury, Venus, Saturn and Rahu have duration of six years eac h. Three constellations beginning with Ashwini, then four, then three, then four and so on (are the constellations alloc ated to these planets in sequence).
The Shashthisama Dasha (sixty years) should be employed when Sun is the lord of the ascendant.
Commentary: There is a difference in the criteria for this dasha laid down by Lomasha and Parashara. Lomasha says that this dasha is appli cable when Sun is the lord of lagna while Parashara says that the dasha is applicable when Sun is in the lagna. Here is the relevant shloka 46.40 from BPHS
3 The difference is in the word in Lomasha’s version and 3 in Parashara’s version. One of these two verses seems to have been corrupted.
^ \ \` ' # / ] ] ` One should count from Sharavna upto the constellation at birth and then divide by ei ght. Moon, Sun, Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Venus and Rahu (are the planets indicated by the remainder). Their durations respectively begin from one year in steps of one. When the ascendant is in the hora of Sun in the day or in the hora of Moon in the night then Shadgunabdika Dasha (thirty six) should be employed. I t should not be employed in any other situation.
Commentary: The description of Shadtrimshati dasha given by Lomasha matches with Parashara.
] 3 ` \ ' 3` ' Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Rahu and Ketu (is the sequence of dashas of the planets). The dasha commences from the planet pl aced in the ascendant. The duration of the dashas of these planets shall be equal to their spashta value beginning with sign (then degrees, seconds etc). This Khetakrama dasha should be employed when there is a planet placed in the ascendant. If there is no planet there then the dasha should not be employed. If there are several planets in the ascendant then it should be comm enced from the strongest amongst those planets.
Commentary: This is a dasha which is not mentioned i n BPHS.
\ 2 `` ` ' \ O best of the Dwijas! Listen. I shall now tell the Rashikrama Dasha. The dasha begins with the sign containing the planet which is the smallest in terms of (i ts position that is) sign (degrees, seconds etc). Then comes the planet with the next larger position. If two p lanets have identical positions then determine the stronger amongst them on the basis of their natural strengths. This Rashikrama Dasha should be employed when the lord of the ascendant is pl aced seventh to the lord of the Moon sign.
Commentary: This is also dasha which is not mentioned i n BPHS. The dasha is simply in the order of the longitude of the planet including the sign. So a planet in Cancer will come after a
planet in Gemini. The dasha durations are not mentioned but based on the previous dasha i t looks like they may be equal to the respective spashta values.
Missing Dasha: Based on shloka 109 one would expect the Bhagakrama dasha to be described next. But unfortunately the manuscript does not mention it. Neither is there any reference to this dasha in BPHS. However we can try to guess how this dasha would be reckoned based on its name and the description of the two previous dashas. The word bhaga, which means degrees, provides the hint. In Rashikrama dasha the planets were placed in an increasing order of their Rasi, Degree, Minute and Seconds. In the Bhagakrama dasha we should probably ignore the Rashi and order the planets based o n their bhaga or their relative advancement in the respective sign with the dasha of the least advanced planet coming first. The dasha durations should be equal to the spashta value. It must be mentioned that this is just a guess and must be taken with a pinch of salt. Moreover there is no way to figure out the criterion for the applicability of this dasha.
3 ` ` 3 \ ` (Navamshaka Graha Dasha) The dasha begins from the planet in whose sign Sun is placed in the Navamsha. After Sun come the planets beginning with Moon and ending with Ketu. I shall now tell the duration of the dashas as spoken by Brahma earlier. Convert the (relative longitude of) the planet into minutes and divide the result by two hundred. Multiply the remainder again by twelve. Thus one obtaines years, months etc of the duration. This is the Amshaka Dasha. One should employ this dasha for all humans.
Commentary: The sequence of the planets is as mentioned in shloka 142, that is Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Rahu and Ketu. So, for example, if Sun is in Aries Navamsha, the dasha will beging from Mars. After that shall come the planets Mercury, Jupiter etc in sequence. It may be noted that this dasha is not mentioned in BPHS.
Comment [VK29]: Need to find
description of navamshaka nava dahsa from some text – maybe hayana ratna?
` 3 ] ' One should compute the (dasha duration) of the first etc houses using the previously mentioned method. The dasha commences from planet in whose navamsha the lord of the ascendant is placed. The next dasha is of the planet which owns the navamsha sign occupied by the lord of the second house and so on. This is the Rashiamshaka Dasha . This dasha should be employed when the ascendant or the lord of the ascendant is strong.
Comment [VK30]: Need to correct this based on previous dasha.
Commentary: This dasha is similar to the previous dasha except that instead of taking the lords of the signs in which certain f ixed planets are placed, the lo rds of the signs in which the lords of the houses are placed are considered. Here as well dasha of a particular pl anet may not occur at all or may occur multiple times in the overall dasha sequence. BPHS does not talk about this dasha.
`
# 44 4 \ ] ] \ ] (The Kala dasha is being described.) A day consists of sixty nadis. Five ghatis before the halfdisk of sun is visible and five ghatis later – in this way two sandhyas of total duration of twenty ghatis are defined. The twenty ghatis of the day are called Purna and the twenty ghatis of the night are called Mugdha . The sandhya at the time of sunrise is called Khanda and is of duration ten ghatis. The sandhya at the time of sunset is called Sudha and is of duration ten ghatis. For Purna and Mugdha the ghatis elapsed should be multipled by six and should be written down nine times. For Khanda and Sudha the elapsed ghatis should be multipled by twelve and written down nine times. Then they should be divided by forty five. The results obtained are called by the sages the maana of the planets beginning with Sun. The maana of each planet multipled by its (the planet’s) serial number gives the years etc. The dasha of Sun etc commences from the lord of the sign in sequence. Three kinds of dashas are defined here - one for each day, night and sandhya.
Commentary: As mentioned in shloka 111, three kinds of Kala dasha are defined in these shlokas depending on whether birth is in the daytime, nighttime or sandhya time. The computation of the dasha given by Lomasha m atches with BPHS.
\ 3 &3 3 ] O Son of Sumati! I shall now tell the Chakra Dasha. The dasha of the planet placed in the ascendant comes first, then the dasha of the planets in second house etc. If two, three or more planets are in the same house then the planet with a larger degree etc would come first. If the degrees etc are identical then one should judge from their natural strengths with the dasha of the stronger planet coming first. (The duration of the dasha) is equal to the sign number etc with the fractional part traveled by the planet calculated proportionally. (The second kind of Chakra Dasha is being described now. This is a sign based dasha.) Ten years is ascribed to the houses beginning from the ascendant.
Commentary: As mentioned in shloka 111, two kinds of Chakra dashas are mentioned here. The first variant of this dasha is a planetary dasha and the second variant is a sign based dasha. BPHS mentions only the sign based variant. Moreover the description of this variant given by Parasara differs from that given by Lomasha. Here are the relavent shlokas 46.5046.51 from BPHS:
\ ] ^ ^ &3 \\3 & If the birth is at night, the dasha will commence from lagna rasi. If the birth is during the day, the dasha will start from the rasi, in which the lord of lagna is placed. If the birth is during sandhya, the dasha will begin from the rasi of the second house. The dasha of e ach rasi is 10 years.
One can see that Parashara has distinguished between daytime, nighttime and sandhya time births while Lomasha does not make any such distinction.
44
/ The sub-periods should be computed in proportion to the respective major periods. The Antardasha should also be studied by a wise man for indica ting finer results. (For computing the sub-period duration) the dasha duration (of a planet or sign) should be multipled by the dasha duration (of the planet or sign whose antardasha is being computed) and divided by the (total) dasha duration. The quotient should be known to be the duration in years etc (of the antardasha). The results in the antarashas should be predicted as mentioned previously (in the case of dashas).
\ ` The results in the dashas should be known according to the strengths and weaknesses (of the planets or signs involved). If a planet is retrograde then opposite results should always be indicated.
3 3 \ 3 If the planet is in the first one-third of a sign then the results should be indicated to fructify in the beginning of the dasha. If the planet is in the middl e one-third of a sign then the results should be indicated to fructify in the middle of the dasha and if the planet is in the last onethird of a sign then the results should be indicated to fructify in the end of the dasha . If the planet is retrograde then this sequence should be reversed.
4 O Vipra! Thus I have told you many kinds of dashas. This difficult to obtain knowledge should not be given to anyone just like that. O best of Dwijas! Tell that what you want to ask next.
^ ||Thus ends the ninth chapter titled “Results of the Houses and the Kinds of Dashas” in the conversation between Lomasha and Sujanma in the first part of Lomasha Samhita of sixty thousand verses.||
' Vipra said: O Saumya! Please tell me about the happiness and sorrow of the world from birth
upto death; (tell me about) marriage etc and sons etc.
] & ^ ` ]
