ÍNDICE
INTRODUCCIÓN OBJETIVOS OBJETIVO GENERAL OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS
TEMA: METACOGNICIÓN
•
ASPECTOS DE LA LA METACOGNICIÓN METACOGNICIÓN DIMENSIONES DE LA METACOGNICIÓN VARIABLES
METODOLOGÍA DIDÁCTICA 1: ROMPECABEZAS DIDACTICA 2: ALTO
EVALUCION EVALUCION DE LA METACOGNICION RESULTADO
INTRODUCCIÓN
Para empezar a hablar e e!"e "ema ebem#! ha$er %& par'&"e!(! a&"e! para p#er "e&er m)! $lar(a a$er$a e ell#* La palabra me"a$#+&($(,& !e $#mp#&e e #! palabra!: META: META: -a "( m(!m#.
COGNICIÓN: -al $#$(m(e&"#.
Ah#ra !( para e&"rar e& ma"er(a la me"a$#+&($(,& e! la $apa$(a e a%"#rre+%lar l#! pr#$e!#! e apre&(za/e* C#m# "al0 (&1#l%$ra %& $#&/%&"# e #pera$(#&e! (&"ele$"%ale! a!#$(aa! al $#$(m(e&"#0 $#&"r#l 2 re+%la$(,& e l#! me$a&(!m#! $#+&("(1#! 3%e (&"er1(e&e& e& 3%e %&a per!#&a al$a&$e0 e1al4e 2 pr#%z$a (&5#rma$(,&0 e& e5(&("(1a: 3%e apre&a* El e!"%(# e la me"a$#+&($(,& !e (&($(a $#& J* 6la1ell0 %& e!pe$(al(!"a e& p!($#l#+7a $#+&("(1a* La me"a$#+&($(,& !e e5(&(r7a $#m# la $#+&($(,& !#bre la $#+&($(,&0 el $#$(m(e&"# !#bre el $#$(m(e&"#0 el pe&!am(e&"# !#bre el pe&!a pe&!am(e m(e&"# &"#** E!"e E!"e "'rm(& "'rm( # !e rela$( rela$(#&a #&a $#& #m(& #m(&(#! (#! e!pe$7 e!pe$75($ 5($#!0 #!0 $#m# $#m# le$"%ra0 $#mpre&!(,&0 a"e&$(,&0 (&"era$$(,& !#$(al0 e"$* A $#&"(&%a$(,& !e pre!e&"ara el e!arr#ll# el "ema aem)! e %&a ()$"($a #&e !e e1(e&$(a e 5#rma pr)$"($a l# 3%e e! -me"a$#+&($(,&.*
OBJETIVOS
OBJETIVO GENERAL De!$r(b(r p#r me(# e %&a ()$"($a lle1aa a la pr)$"($a0 $#m# !e e!arr#lla la me"a$#+&($(,& e& el (&(1(%#*
OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS •
E8p E8pl($ l($ar e ma& ma&era era pr)$" r)$"($ ($a0 a0 +ra$ +ra$(a (a!! a la ()$ ()$"( "($$a 3%e 3%e e! la
•
me"a$#+&($(,& De5(&(r $%)le! !#& l#! a!pe$"#! e la me"a$#+&($(,& 3%e !e pre!e&"a e&
•
el (&(1(%# e!arr#lla&# la ()$"($a pla&"eaa Ie&"(5($ar la! (5ere&"e! (me&!(#&e! me"a$#+&("(1a! 3%e !e pre!e&"a& e& el (&(1(%# 3%e !e pre!e&"a&
TEMA: METACOGNICIÓN
ASPECTOS DE LA METACOGNICIÓN METACOGNICIÓN
La me"a me"a$# $#+& +&($ ($(, (,& & !e re5( re5(er ere e al $# $#$( $(m(e m(e&" &"#0 #0 $#&$ $#&$(e (e&" &"(z (za$ a$(, (,&0 &0 $#&" $#&"r# r#ll 2 &a"%raleza e l#! pr#$e!#! e apre&(za/e* El apre&(za/e me"a$#+&("(1# p%ee !er e!arr#lla# me(a&"e e8per(e&$(a! e apre&(za/e* Caa per!#&a "(e&e e al+%&a ma&era0 p%&"#! e 1(!"a me"a$#+&("(1#!0 al+%&a! 1e$e! e& 5#rma (&$#&!$(e&"e* El #b/e"(1# pr(&$(pal 3%e la me"a$#+&($(,& !e pr#p#&e e! 3%e $%a&# el e!"%(a&"e e!"%(a&"e # el !er h%ma h%ma l#+ra $#$er! $#$er!e e a !7 m(!m# 2 3%(ere (r m)! ha2a re$#$(e&# !%! hab(l(ae!0 p#!(b(l(ae!0 #p#r"%&(ae! 2 para l# 3%e e! hab(l(#!#0 "## e!e pr#$e!# me"##l,+($# l# lle1e a %&a %b($a$(,& m)! real0 m)! $#&!$(e&"e e !% pr)$"($a "a&"# $#m# e& !%! rela$(#&e! a$a'm($a!0 !#$(ale!0 5am(l(are!0 em#$(#&ale! +ra$(a! a e!"# el e!"%(a&"e #b"e&r) %&a me/#r 1(!(,& e !% $am( a !e+%(r 2 !e $#&$(e&"(za e l# 3%e !abe 2 e l# 3%e !abe* El r#l r#l e la me"a me"a$# $#+ +&($(, ($(,& & !e p#r7 #r7a a $#mpre mpre& &er er !( a&a a&al(z l(zam#! m#! la! -ESTRATEGIAS. 2 -9ABILIDADES. 3%e !e %"(l(za& e& %& e3%(p# e ep#r"e: la 1el#$(a0 la $##r(&a$(,& 2 el e!"(l# !#& pr#p(#! e $aa /%+a#r !(& 3%e '!"e &e$e!("e &e$e!("e !er $#&!$(e& $#&!$(e&"e "e a $aa m#me&"# m#me&"# e l#! m#1(m(e&"#! m#1(m(e&"#! 3%e ha$e* ha$e* E& $amb(# el e&"re&a#r ha$e 3%e $aa % e l#! ep#r"(!"a! !ea& $#&!$(e&"e! e !%! m#1(m(e&"#! 2 e!"ra"e+(a! 2 e e!"a ma&era p%ee& lle+ar al a%"#$#&"r#l 2 $##r(& $##r(&a$ a$(,& (,&** E& &%e!"r &%e!"r# # $a!# el apre& apre&(z (z el 3%e 3%e ha e ha$er ha$er la! #! 5%&$ 5%&$(# (#&e &e!! e&"r e&"re e e&"re e&"re&a &a# #rr 2 ep# ep#r" r"(! (!"a "a**
Pr(m Pr(mer er# # ha e e!a e!arr rr#l #lla larr 2
per5e$$(#& per5e$$(#&ar ar l#! pr#$e!#! pr#$e!#! b)!($#! b)!($#! $apa$(a $apa$(ae! e! $#+&("(1a! $#+&("(1a! b)!($a!; b)!($a!; $#& la a2%a e la! "'$&($a! e apre&(za/e!0 e& !e+%&# l%+ar el al%m ha e "e&er %& $#$(m(e&"# e!pe$75($# el $#&"e&(# para apre&er*
DIMENSIONES DE LA METACOGNICIÓN
E!"# (mpl($a #! (me&!(#&e! m%2 rela$(#&aa!: El $# $#$( $(m( m(e& e&"# "# !#br !#bre e la pr#p pr#p(a (a $#+& $#+&($ ($(, (,& & (mpl (mpl($ ($a a !er !er $apa $apazz e "#ma "#mar r $#&$(e&$(a el 5%&$(#&am(e&"# e &%e!"ra ma&era e apre&er 2 $#mpre&er l#! 5a$"#re! 3%e e8pl($a& 3%e l#! re!%l"a#! e %&a a$"(1(a0 !ea& p#!("(1#! # &e+a"(1#!* La re+%la$(,& 2 $#&"r#l e la! a$"(1(ae! 3%e el al%m real(za %ra&"e !% apre apre& &(z (za/ a/e* e* E!"a E!"a (me (me&! &!(, (,& & (&$l (&$l%2 %2e e la pla& pla&(5(5($ ($a$ a$(, (,& & e la! la! a$"( a$"(1( 1(a ae e!! $#+&("(1a!0 el $#&"r#l el pr#$e!# (&"ele$"%al 2 la e1al%a$(,& e l#! re!%l"a#!* La me"a$#+&($(,& abar$a "re! (me&!(#&e! p#r la! $%ale! el !%/e"# a$"4a 2 e!arr#lla "area!:
Dimensin !e "e#$e%in: E! e& la 3%e el !%/e"# re$#$e 2 e1al4a !% pr#p(a e!"r% e!"r%$" $"%r %ra a $#+& $#+&("("(1 (1a0 a0 p#!( p#!(b( b(l( l(a a me"# me"## #l, l,+( +($a $a00 pr#$ pr#$e! e!#0 #0 hab( hab(l(l(a ae e!! 2 e!1e&"a/a!*
Dimensin Dimensin !e &!minis'"& &!minis'"&(in (in: E! el pr#$e!# e& el $%al el (&(1(%# e! $#&!$(e&"e e !% e!"a# 2 pr#$ee a rela$(#&ar e!#! $#mp#&e&"e! $#+&("(1#! (a+!"($a#! $#& el 5(& e 5#rm%lar e!"ra"e+(a! para ar !#l%$(,& a la! "area!*
Dime Dimens nsi in n !e e) e)&$ &$*& *&(i (in n: p#r me(# e e!"a el !%/e"# 1al#ra la (mpleme&"a$(,& e !%! e!"ra"e+(a! e!"ra"e+(a! 2 el +ra# e& 3%e !e e!") l#+ra&# la me"a me"a $#+&("(1a* E!"a! E!"a! e!"ra e!"ra"e+ "e+(a! (a! me"a$ me"a$#+& #+&("(1 ("(1a! a! p !%p#& !%p#&e e la $apa$( $apa$(a a 3%e l#! !%/e"# !%/e"#!! "e&em#! e pla&(5($ar 3%' e!"ra"e+(a! !e ha& e %"(l(zar e& $aa !("%a$(,&0 apl($arla!0 $#&"r#lar el pr#$e!#0 e1al%arl# para a5(rmarl# # b(e& para pr#$eer a !% m#(5($a$(,&*
La me"a$#+&($(,& $#mpre&e 2 abar$a %& $#&/%&"# e
1+ Me'& Me'& &'en(i &'en(in: n: La me"a a"e&$(,& e! el $#$(m(e&"# e l#! pr#$e!#! (mpl($a#! e& la a$$(,& e a"e&er: A 3%' 3%' ha2 3%e a"e&er* a"e&er* =%' ha2 3%e ha$er me&"alme&"e para a"e&er* C,m# !e e1("a& la! (!"ra$$(#&e!* E!"e $#$(m(e&"# e! el 3%e ! perm("e ar! $%e&"a e la! (!"ra$$(#&e! 2 p#&er p#&er l#! reme( reme(#! #! e! e$(r e$(r00 a%"#rr a%"#rre+% e+%lar lar # $#&"r $#&"r#la #lar; r; para para $#&"r $#&"r#la #larla rla!! "#ma&# me(a! $#rre$"#ra!*
2+ L& Me'&mem,"i&: E! el $#$(m(e&"# 3%e "e&em#! e &%e!"ra mem#r(a: !% $apa$(a0 !%! l(m("a$(#&e!0 3%' ha2 3%e ha$er para mem#r(zar 2 re$#rar0 $,m# !e $#&"r#la el #l1(#0 para 3%' $#&1(e&e re$#rar0 3%' 5a$"#re! (mp(e& re$#rar0 e& 3%' !e (5ere&$(a la mem#r(a 1(!%al e la a%("(1a 2 3%' ha2 3%e ha$er para re$#rar l# 3%e !e 1e m(rar; # !e #2e e!$%$har;0 e"$* S( $# $#$( $('r 'ram am#! #! &%e! &%e!"r "ra a mem# mem#r( r(a a Me" Me"am amem em#r #r(a (a;0 ;0 "e& "e&r7 r7am am#! #! $#&$ $#&$(e (e&$ &$(a (a e !%! !%! l(m( l(m("a "a$( $(#& #&e! e! 20 $#&! $#&!e$ e$%e %e&" &"em eme& e&"e "e00 "#ma "#mar7 r7am am#! #! la (&($ (&($(a (a"("(1a 1a e e!$r e!$r(b (b(r (r al+# al+# 3%e 3%e 3%er 3%erem em#! #! 3%e 3%e !e ! ! #l1( #l1(e e** E! el $#$(m(e&"# e la 5ra+(l(a e &%e!"ra mem#r(a el 3%e ! lle1a a $#&"r#lar # re+%lar el #l1(#0 e!$r(b(e&# ap%&"e!0 &4mer#! e "el'5# (re$$(#&e!*
VARIABLES DE LA METACOGNICIÓN
•
De$ s*-e',: s*-e',: El $#$( $#$(m(e m(e&"# &"# +ara&" +ara&"(za (za la p#!(b( p#!(b(l( l(a a e a!(m(la a!(m(lar0 r0 la m#"( m#"(1a 1a$( $(,& ,& a2% a2%a a para para 3%e 3%e e8(! e8(!"a "a %&a %&a ma2 ma2#r (!p (!p#! #!($ ($(, (,& & para para $#mpre&er $#!a! $#mple/a!* De$ (,n'e%',: Materiales: (&5l%e&$(a Situación: U&
(re$"a e& el l#+r#*
amb(e&"e pr#p($(# +e&era me/#re! $#&($(#&e!*
Contexto sociocultural :
ampl7a # l(m("a la! p#!(b(l(ae!*
•
De $& &('i)i!&!: e8(+e "area! 5)$(le! 2 %& "(p# e e!"ra"e+(a 3%e !e
•
rela$(#&e $#& la "area* De $,s ,'",s: =%e e8(!"a %& e&"#r 3%e le 5a$(l("e apre&er0 e!$#+er l#! me/#re! m#el#!*
METODOLOGÍA
DIDÁCTICA 1: ROMPECABEZAS
./*0 &"em,s D#! par"($(pa&"e! !e p#&e& % al la# el #"r# 2 e&"re ell#! !e p#&e %& #b!")$%l# 3%e le! perm("a 1er l# 3%e ha$e $aa % p#r e/empl#0 %&a m#$h(la;* U e ell#! "#ma al+%&a! p(eza! +e#m'"r($a! 2 arma $#& ella! %&a 5(+%ra* Le a #ralme&"e la! (&!"r%$$(#&e! a !% $#mpa>er# para 3%e '!"e arme la m(!ma 5(+%ra* De!p%'!0 3%("a& el #b!")$%l# 2 $#mpara& !( la! 5(+%ra! e amb#! !#& (+%ale!*
./*0 &3"en!e"em,s &3"en!e"em,s El /%e+# /%e+# perm("e perm("e 3%e l#! par"($ par"($(pa (pa&"e &"e!! (e&"( (e&"(5(3 5(3%e& %e& 5(+%ra 5(+%ra!! +e#m'" +e#m'"r($ r($a!0 a!0 2 e!arr#lle& !% #r(e&"a$(,& e (ma+(&a$(,& e!pa$(al* Tamb(' mb('& & p#e p#em# m#!! a%"# a%"#rr rre+ e+%l %lar ar &%e! &%e!"r# "r# pr#p pr#p(# (# apre apre& &(z (za/ a/e e 2 pla& pla&(5(5($ ($ar ar e!"ra"e+(a!*
./*i0nes 3*e!en 3&"'i(i3&" L#! par"($(pa&"e! p%ee& !er per!#&a! e "#a! la! eae!* La (5($%l"a el /%e+# epe&e e la! p(eza! +e#m'"r($a! 3%e !e %!e&0 el &4mer# e ella! 2 e la 5#rma e& 3%e e$(a $#l#$arla! el $#mpa>er# 3%e arma la 5(+%ra*
./*0 ne(esi'&m,s
6(+%ra! +e#m'"r($a! e %& "ama># 3%e !e p%ea& p#&er 1ar(a! e& la me!a e& 3%e "raba/ar)& l#! par"($(pa&"e!* Para l#! &(>#! e ? 2 @ a>#! !e !%+(ere %!ar $%ara#!0 re$")&+%l#!0 $7r$%l#!0 "r()&+%l#!0 r#mb#!* Para l#! e 2 !e p%ee& 2a (&$l%(r #"r#! $%ar(l)"er#! $#m# r#mb#(e! 2 "rape$(#!* para l#! ma2#re!0 p#l7+#! re+%lare! re+%lare! 2 $,&$a1#!* La! 5(+%ra! ebe& !er "#a! e %& m(!m# $#l#r*
.C*4n', 'iem3, !*"& $& &('i)i!&! El "(emp# e! 1ar(able 2 epe&er) el (&"er'! 3%e m%e!"re& l#! par"($(pa&"e!* Se re$#m(e&a /%+arl# %ra&"e # F m(&%"#! 2 e!p%'! !#l($("ar a l#! par"($(pa&"e! 3%e e& m(&%"#! a"e& e& %&a h#/a l# 3%e apre&(er#& %ra&"e el /%e+#*
./*0 ne(esi', s&5e" E& e!"e /%e+#0 l#! par"($(pa&"e! "e&r)& 3%e apre&er a e!$r(b(r %&a 5(+%ra +e#m'"r($a 2 !% p#!($(,& $#& re!pe$"# a #"ra!* E& $%a&"# a la 5(+%ra p%ee& e$(r !% mbre !( l# !abe&; # e!$r(b(rla: &4mer# e la#!0 !( !#& # el m(!m# "ama>#0 )&+%l#!0 e"$* E& el $a!# e la p#!($(,& %!ar)& 1#$ab%lar(# pr#p(# e la %b($a$(,& e!pa$(al: a la ere$ha0 (z3%(era0 arr(ba aba/#0 $#& rela$(,& a #"ra 5(+%ra 2 "amb('& la ma&era e& 3%e ebe& $#l#$arla: !#bre % e l#! la#! lar+#!0 $#m# !( e!"%1(era ap#2aa e& %& 1'r"($e0 e"$*
.Cm, $, &"em,s H* Or+a&($e al +r%p# e& pare/a!* * E&"re+ar a $aa par"($(pa&"e %& /%e+# $#mple"# e p(eza!* * Pe(r 3%e !e !(e&"e& % al la# el #"r# 2 3%e e&"re ell#! p#&+a& %& #b!")$%l# para 3%e 1ea& l# 3%e e!") ha$(e&# !% $#mpa>er#* F* Dar la $#&!(+a: U e %!"ee!0 !(& 3%e !% $#mpa>er# l# 1ea0 1a a "#mar la! p(eza! 3%e +%!"e 2 $#& ella! 1a a armar %&a 5(+%ra* De!p%'! le 1a a ar la! (&!"r%$$(#&e! a !% $#mpa>er#a para 3%e 'l # ella ha+a la m(!ma 5(+%ra0 5#rmaa p#r la! m(!ma! p(eza! $#l#$aa! e& la m(!ma p#!($(,&* C%a&# "erm(&e& 3%("a& el #b!")$%l# 2 $#mpara& !%! 5(+%ra!* S( !#& (+%ale! b%!3%e& e& ,&e e!"%1# el err#r* * M(e&"ra! l#! par"($(pa&"e! /%e+a& el m#&("#r p%ee #b!er1ar para $#&5(rmar 3%e $#mpre&(er#& la! (&!"r%$$(#&e!* ?* C%a&# %&a pare/a "erm(&e0 !e (&($a 3%e (&"er$amb(e& l#! papele!*
DIDÁCTICA 2: ALTO
./*0 &"em,s Caa (&"e+ra&"e e %& e3%(p# e!") para# !#bre %&a e la! par"e! e %& $7r$%l# (b%/a# e& el p(!#* E& $aa par"e e!") e!$r("# el mbre e %& pa7!* U& par"($(pa&"e ($e: P(# la paz e& mbre eK 2 $#mple"a la 5ra!e $#& el mbre e % e l#! pa7!e!* T##! $#rre& ha!"a 3%e el el pa7! me&$(#&a# br(&$a al $e&"r# el $7r$%l# 2 +r("a Al"#0 e&"#&$e! !e e"(e&e& 2 el el $e&"r# ebe ele+(r %& par"($(pa&"e 2 a(1(&ar e& $%)&"#! pa!#! lle+a a 'l*
./*0 &3"en!e"em,s &3"en!e"em,s
El /%e+# perm("e 3%e l#! par"($(pa&"e! e!arr#lle& !% hab(l(a para e!"(mar (!"a&$(a!0 m(a& (!"a&$(a! $#& %&(ae! $#&1e&$(#&ale! 2 $#& %&(ae! $#&1e&$(#&ale!*
./*i0nes 3*e!en 3&"'i(i3&" L#! par"($(pa&"e! p%ee& !er e "#a! la! eae!*
./*0 ne(esi'&m,s D(b%/ar $#& +(! %& $7r$%l# (1((# e& "a&"#! !e$"#re! $#m# par"($(pa&"e! ha2a e& el e3%(p#* Caa par"($(pa&"e el(+e el pa7! 3%e e!ea 2 e!$r(be !% mbre e& el l%+ar 3%e le $#rre!p#&e* E& el $e&"r# !e (b%/a %& pe3%e># $7r$%l# 2 !e e!$r(be la palabra ALTO*
.C*4n', 'iem3, !*"& $& &('i)i!&! El "(emp# e! 1ar(able 2 epe&er) el (&"er'! 3%e m%e!"re& l#! par"($(pa&"e!* Se re$#m(e&a /%+ar %ra&"e # F m(&%"#!* S( %& e3%(p# "erm(&a a&"e! p%ee (&($(ar #"r# /%e+# 2 e"e&er!e $%a&# !e le (&(3%e*
.Cm, $, &"em,s
H* Or+a&(zar al +r%p# e& e3%(p#!* * Pe(r a l#! e3%(p#! 3%e (b%/e& el $7r$%l# 2 l# (1(a& e& "a&"a! par"e! $#m# (&"e+ra&"e! ha2a e& !% e3%(p#* Al $e&"r#0 (b%/ar #"r# $7r$%l# 2 p#&er la palabra ALTO* ALTO* * I&($ar a l#! par"($(pa&"e! 3%e $aa % ebe ele+(r %& pa7! 2 p#&er el mbre e& la par"e el $7r$%l# #&e !e 1a a parar* F* Dar la! (&!"r%$$(#&e!: U e %!"ee! 1a a e$(r -P(# la paz e& mbre eK -2 me&$(#&ar) %& pa7! e l#! 3%e e!")& e!$r("#! e& !% $7r$%l#* T##! $#rre&0 me! el el pa7! 3%e me&$(#&ar#&0 'l ebe br(&$ar al $7r$%l# el $e&"r# 2 +r("ar ALTO0 e& e!e m#me&"# "##! !e e"(e&e&* El 3%e e!") e& el $e&"r# ele+(r) a % e %!"ee! 2 "ra"ar) e a(1(&ar $%)&"#! pa!#! "(e&e 3%e ar para lle+ar a 'l* S( a(1(&a0 !e a"a %& p%&"#0 !( el p%&"# !e le a"a al $#mpa>er# ele+(#* El 3%e ha2a +a&a# el p%&"# le "#$a pe(r paz e& el !(+%(e&"e "%r* * Ga&a el 3%e l#+re m)! p%&"#! e& el "(emp# e /%e+#* ?* C%a&# (&($(e el /%e+#0 !e !%+(ere #b!er1ar el "raba/# para 1er(5($ar 3%e "##! l#! e3%(p#! $#mpre&(er#& la! (&!"r%$$(#&e!*
EVALUACIÓN EVALUACIÓN DE LA METACOGNICIÓN
Se le! pre+%&"a a la! per!#&a! 3%e e!"ra"e+(a! %!a& $%a&# real(za& "area! $#+&("(1a!* 6re&"e a re!p%e!"a! &e+a"(1a! habr) 3%e e$((r !( !e ebe& a la a%!e&$(a e e!"ra"e+(a! e& $%e!"(,&0 a %&a 5al"a e $#mpre&!(,&0 a 3%e la #pera$(,& me"a$#+&("(1a !e real(za e ma&era -(&$#&!$(e&"e. a%"#m)"($a0 a pr#blema! e e8pre!(,& 1erbal # 1erbal0 al #l1(# # %&a 5al"a e m#"(1a$(,& para re!p#&er* S( la re!p%e!"a e! p#!("(1a0 habr) 3%e e$((r !( la per!#&a realme&"e emplea e!"ra"e+(a! # !( e! %&a !(mple ra$(#&al(za$(,& he$ha l%e+#0 e& la 3%e el !%/e"# re5le/a !% $#&%$"a real0 !( 3%e e%$e a par"(r e ella l# 3%e ha he$h# # l# l # 3%e $ree 3%e e! $#&1e&(e&"e e$(r 3%e ha he$h#* M%$ha! 1e$e! la! per!#&a! !abe& $,m# ha& he$h# al+#* E& e!"#! $a!#! habr) habr) 3%e e$(( e$((rr !( la (&$apa (&$apa$( $(a a para para 1erbal 1erbal(za (zarr !(+&(5 !(+&(5($a ($a a%!e& a%!e&$(a $(a e e!"ra"e+(a! me"a$#+&("(1a!0 e/e$%$(,& a%"#ma"(zaa # 5al"a e re$%er#* 9a2 !("%a$(#&e! 3%e 5a1#re$e& la apar($(,& e e!"ra"e+(a! me"a$#+&("(1a! 2 !e re$#m(e&a e8"raer (&5#rma$(,& a par"(r e ella!* La! "area! 3%e m)! (mpl($a& pr#bableme&"e e!"ra"e+(a! me"a$#+&("(1a! !#& la! 3%e re3%(ere& +e&eral(za$(,& 2 la! 3%e #bl(+a& a $##r(&ar "area! (&(1(%ale! p#r3%e 5%erza& a 3%e la per! per!#& #&a a re5l re5le8 e8(# (#&e &e00 e&!a e&!a22e 2 a%"# a%"#rr rre+ e+%l %le* e* P#r P#r "a&" "a&"# # para para e1al e1al%a %arr la me"a$#+&($(,& ha2 3%e ele+(r "area! 3%e re3%(era& la (&"er1e&$(,& e pr#$e!#! $#&!$(e&"e!* L#! pe&!am(e&"#! 2 a$$(#&e! $#&!$(e&"e! !#&: H; l#! (mpl($a#! e& %&a a$$(,& a%"#ma"(zaa ; l#! (mpl($a#! e& "area! e& 3%e l#! !%/e"#! "(e&e "(e&e& & 3%e 3%e ha$e ha$err ele$ ele$$( $(#& #&e! e! 2 e&/% e&/%($ ($(a (am(e m(e&" &"#! #! !#br !#bre e !( %&a %&a "are "area a &%e1 &%e1a a re3% re3%(e (ere re la %"(l %"(l(z (za$ a$(, (,& & e %& para para( (+m +ma a pre1 pre1(# (# 2 ; l#! l#! 3%e 3%e !e a& a& e& !("%a$(#&e! e& 3%e 1ale la e!"ra"e+(a hab("%al0 p#r3%e !e pr#%$e %&a (&"err%p$(,& m)! # me! m#me&")&ea e la $#&%$"a 2 el pe&!am(e&"#* E& +e&eral0 l#! apre&($e! $#& m%$ha pr)$"($a !abe& m%$h# !#bre el $#&"e8"# e& 3%e !e apre&e0 $#$e& !%! $ara$"er7!"($a! e!"able! $#m# apre&($e!0 la! ema&a! 3%e pla&"ea& $(er"#! "(p#! e pr#blema! 2 la &e$e!(a e ae$%ar !%! a$"(1(ae! e apre&(za/e a l#! $r("er(#! e la! "area! e!pe$75($a!* P#r !%p%e!"#0 l#! apre&($e! m)! /,1e&e! p#!ee& "a&"# $#$(m(e&"# e e!"e "(p#0 l# $%al p%ee a"r(b%(r!e a !% $al(a e ($(#!*
E& e!"a a$"(1(a l# 3%e !e 1a a e1al%ar e! la $apa$(a e $rear e!"ra"e+(a! e rea rea$$(, $$(,& & 2 re"e re"e&$ &$(, (,& & p#r me me(# e la me" me"a$#+ a$#+& &($(, ($(,&0 &0 p%e!"# e!"# 3%e 3%e e! 5%&ame&"al (&$l%!# para la 1(a (ar(a "e&er ($ha! $apa$(ae! 2 a!7 p#er (e&"(5($ar !( el (&(1(%# pre!e&"a al+%&a! e la! (me&!(#&e! a&"er(#rme&"e me&$(#&aa!*
RESULTADO
P#em#! e$(r 3%e la me"a$#+&($(,& e! la $apa$(a 3%e "(e&e %& (&(1(%# e $# $#$e $er! r!e e a !7 m(!m m(!m# # 2 e a%"# a%"#rr rre+ e+%l %lar ar !% pr#p pr#p(# (# apre apre& &(z (za/ a/e0 e0 e! e$( e$(r r pla&(5 pla&(5($a ($arr e!"ra" e!"ra"e+ e+(a! (a! para para $aa $aa !("%a$ !("%a$(,& (,&00 apl($a apl($arla! rla! 2 !aber !aber $#&"r $#&"r#la #larla rla!! 5a$(l("a&# la e%$a$(,& el pr#p(# !%/e"#* P#r me(# e e!"a a$"(1(a p#em#! "e&er $#m# re!%l"a# %& apre&(za/e me"a me"a$# $#+& +&("("(1 (1# # 3%e 3%e p%e p%ee e !er !er e!a e!arr rr#l #lla la# # me( me(a& a&"e "e e8pe e8per( r(e& e&$( $(a! a! e apre&(za/e*