6.
The world around us
Listening test 1 Name No. Class Date
1. While listening to the first part of text A match the environmental problems in column A with the corresponding place in column B. Audio 20 – Part 1 Text A (till
6x8p=48p.
1:52) Column A a. Deserts
Column B 1. United Kingdom
b. Forest fires
2. Polar regions
c. Shortage of fish
3. Indonesia
d. Air pollution
4. Australia
e. Melting ice-caps
5. Brazil
f. High radiation levels
6. Africa 7. Europe
2. Listen to the second part of text A and decide whether the statements are True or False. Audio 20 – Part 2 Text A (till 1:52) a. People worldwide believe that the governments are doing their best to solve environmental problems. b. Common people have created environmental protest groups. c. Friends of Earth and Greenpeace are the names of two environmental organisations. d. Other organisations such as Surfers Against Sewage and Reclaim the Streets also became famous around the world because of their actions.
3. Listen to text B. Identify and correct the wrong information in each statements.
4x10p=40p.
_________ _________ _________
_________ 4x12p=48p.
Audio 20 – Part 1 Text B (from 1:53 to 3:28) a. This organisation was created in 1919. b. Surfers were among those people who were starting to worry about air pollution. c. People pumped harmful waste into the rivers. d. Beach users felt they were safe whenever they went into the water.
4. Listen to text C and complete the gaps with the correct word. Audio 20 – Text C (from 3:29 to 4:42)
Reclaim The Streets was started in London in 1991 to campaign “FOR walking, a. _____________ and cheap, or free, public transport, and AGAINST cars, roads and the b. ______________ that pushes them.” RTS began by c. ______________ against road building through unspoiled areas of the British d. ________________, and now have expanded their activities to draw attention to environmental, political, economic and social e. ________________ around the world.
8x8p=64p.
RTS campaigns by stopping traffic and turning roads and motorways into huge street parties. Members of the group dig up tarmac and plant f. ______________, make beaches and paddling pools for children to play in, decorate the street with colourful banners, and give out free food and drink. A huge sound g. ______________ is set up, bands, jugglers and clowns perform, and hundreds or even thousands of people dance and party. The h. ______________ is usually broken up by the police after a few hours, and in the past some of the demonstrations have been marred by violence between police and protesters.
6.
The world around us
Listening test 2 Name No. Class Date
TEXT 1
1. Listen to this news report and choose the option that best completes each statement. Only one option is the correct one. Audio 21 – Part 1 1.1. The former president of the USA, President Obama, used his executive authority in congress to…
4x12p=48p.
a) stop all carbon emissions (the so-called “greenhouse gases”) from American coal fired power plants and heavy industries that harm human health. b) propose new EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) regulations against climate change. c) alert his congressmen that most of the same pollutants that clog human lungs also contribute to climate change.
1.2. During Obama’s weekly address at the Children’s National Medical Centre… a)he said that the benefits of addressing air pollution would extend beyond the people who experience the health effects of poor air directly. b)he proposed stringent requirements for new coal fired power plants. c)he put forward the wish to reduce carbon emissions that are responsible not only for climate change but also for illnesses, such as asthma.
1.3. Obama’s proposed rules… a)encouraged the use of alternative energy sources such as solar and wind power. b)allowed states and local governments to shut down power plants. c)condemned carbon emissions which are responsible for premature deaths in the U.S.. 1.4. The Republican party opposed to Obama’s regulations. They alerted the public opinion to the fact that “killing” the coal industry would… a)cause more risk factors for disease. b)increase the price of electricity. c)be responsible for more employment. 2. Listen to the text on alternative energy and decide whether the statements are True or False. Correct the false ones. Audio 21 – Part 2 a)At the National Renewable Energy Laboratory scientists are producing energy that is clean, renewable, and most importantly, affordable.
6x16p=96p.
b) Scientists believe that solar energy is not efficient, viable and that it’s condemned. c) Researchers believe that renewable energies can only have a positive environmental effect if they are used on a large scale. d) For decades, low gas prices have led American to carpool, i.e. share their car to commute. e) Alternative fuel researchers are trying to invent a liquid energy source made of the corn harvest left overs, for example the stalks and stubble. f) Since the energy crisis of the 70s, some farmers have diverted part of their grain harvest to make a fuel called Ethanol. TEXT 2 On April 22nd, 1970 Margaret Mead, a noted anthropologist, speaks at the first Earth Day, an event to increase public awareness of the world’s environmental problems. Audio 22
1. While listening to the text fill in the gaps. No a. ____________ has ever yet been able to handle the b. _______________ of technology to mastery, to c. _____________, to exuberance, to exploration and exploitation... We have to learn to cherish this earth and cherish it as something that's d. ______________, that's only one, it's all we have... We have to use our e. ____________ knowledge to correct the f. ______________ that have come from g. _______________ and technology.
7x8p=56p.
Test
1
Module 6.1 Environmental problems Name No. Class Date
1. Read the text carefully. A Cry of Help from Mother Earth!
5
10
15
20
I’m burning up!” cried Mother Earth hysterically. Sadly enough, we humans are the ones causing this dilemma of raising up our green abode’s heat by the year. We intended to ease up life for ourselves, but instead we made it harder on our ancient habitat-earth. The advent of modern technology by people worldwide has greatly contributed to this grave environmental phenomenon. Global warming might seem like a relatively simple process of nature, yet it is far more dangerous than that. It all begins with certain gases in the earth’s atmosphere that play a crucial role in maintaining a nice, warm climate on earth. But if they retain too much solar heat, the temperature on earth increases, leading eventually to global warming. Therefore, these gases are called “greenhouse” gases for obvious reasons. In fact, there is a number of reasons that have caused global warming, such as: air pollution, deforestation and high consummation of electric power, all of which are man-made while water vapor, for instance, is a natural reason that creates this international environmental disaster. Surely, there is nothing that can be done to stop global warming as it has already started. Yet, there are plenty of ways to minimize its fatal effects on living beings. Planting more trees is the first vital step towards reducing the harmful effects of global warming because the trees –in their photosynthesis process- emit oxygen and take in carbon dioxide (which is a greenhouse gas). Next, riding bicycles instead of cars is another way to offer a helping hand to Mother Earth. Bicycling protects the environment from the hazardous gas emissions released from cars, and it is also a good exercise to keep us fit! Last but not least, cutting down the use of electric power, for example, by turning off the lights when stepping out of a room. From now on, our motto will be: “Go Green” for the wellbeing of mother earth that has always been so giving and now it’s time when it needs a little favor from us in return! http://razansbadawi.wordpress.com/2011/05/04/a-cry-of-help-from-mother-earth/ - Accessed in May 2013 (adapted) 4x4p=16p.
2. Say who or what the following words refer to. a. it (line 5) b. that (line 6) c. they (line 7) d. which (line 11)
3. Match the words I Column A with their synonyms in Column B. Column A a. vital (line 14)
Column B 1. generous
b. emit (line 16)
2. safety
c. hazardous (line 18)
3. help
d. wellbeing (line 21)
4. release
e. giving (line 22)
5. essential
f. favor (line 22)
6. dangerous
6x2p=12p.
4. Complete the following statements according to the text.
4x4p=16p.
a. Humans are responsible for ______________________________________________________. b. One of the reasons for this environmental problem was the beginning of modern technology which _____________________________________________________________________________. c. Contrary to what many people think Global Warming is not _______________________. d. In order to explain this phenomenon one has to refer to the existence of _________.
5. Answer these questions about the text. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4
4x10p=40p.
Which is the environmental problem mentioned in the text? Which are the causes of global warming? Is there anything humans can do to stop Global Warming? How can the effects of this problem be reduced?
6. Complete the sentences with an appropriate verb in the infinitive form. Don’t forget that in certain situations the verb has to be preceded by an object.
5x8p=40p.
a. Tom was quite upset ____________________________________ b. Our parents were happy ________________________________ c. Edward promised _______________________________________ d. Students expected ______________________________________ e. She felt very hesitant ___________________________________
7. Rewrite theses sentences in the passive voice.
4x10p=40p.
a. Time magazine published an impressive article on global warming last year. An impressive article______________________________________________________________. b. Millions of people have signed a petition against deforestation. A petition against deforestation __________________________________________________. c. CNN is covering the campaign of Greenpeace. The campaign of Greenpeace _____________________________________________________. d. Simple actions can change the quality of life on earth. The quality of life on earth ________________________________________________________.
8. Rewrite the following sentences in the active voice. a. This problem has been studied by many scientists. Many scientist ____________________________________________________________________. b. More species are being affected by Global Warming. Global Warming __________________________________________________________________.
4x10p=40p.
c. Animal extinction is caused by pollution. Pollution __________________________________________________________________________. d. The impact of Global Warming on society will be announced by experts. Experts __________________________________________________________________________.
Test
2
Module 6.2 Overpopulation Name No. Class Date
1. Read the text carefully. The Effects of Overpopulation
5
10
15
Overpopulation can affect the environment in different ways. In terms of human overpopulation, construction, hunting, agriculture and many other activities can permanently change a habitat. With animals and plants, overpopulation can create too much of one species, which in turn exhausts its food supply. Through natural means, populations often remain in equilibrium with their environment. Unfortunately, many of the dangers are solely due to human intervention, including the addition of invasive species that can destroy the balance of an environment. Agriculture and food supplies are also of concern. In a study done by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, about half of the developing nations' populations have been growing faster than their food supplies. Lack of fresh water has become a problem. Forests suffer from overlogging to compensate for the rapid growth, and fisheries are beginning to overexploit certain fish species. Population control as a means of environmental protection is a daunting task. However, there are measures that can be taken to help future generations. Birth control is one way of keeping Earth's growing population in check. Using food and energy more efficiently and managing large cities more effectively can help overall. People must be educated on this subject. If more people learn about overpopulation and its effects on the environment, then more can be done. http://www.ehow.com/about_6172117_effects-overpopulation-ecosystem.html#ixzz2TiqxLOxQ
2. Match each word from the text (column A) with a corresponding synonym (column B). Column A a. Environment (line 1)
1. continue
Column B
b. supply (line 4)
2. intimidating
c. remain (line 4)
3. damage
d. overexploit (line 10)
4. surroundings
e. environmental (line 12)
5. ecological
f. daunting (line 12)
6. stock
6x2p=12p.
3x5p=15p.
3. Complete the sentences according to the text. a. Overpopulation concerning animals and plants does not normally_________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________. b. Research work proved that _______________________________________________________. c. Learning more about overpopulation _____________________________________________.
5x10p=50p.
4. Answer these questions about the text. a. The text refers to two types of overpopulation. Which? b. Which one is more threatening to the ecosystem? c. does it affect the environment? d. should people show great concern towards agriculture and food supplies? e. Is there anything people can do in order to lessen the risks of overpopulation? Give examples.
5x7p=35p.
5. Choose the correct option. a. I am quite careful / carefully when buying certain products. b. Environmental questions should be clear / clearly explained to children. c. I am deep / deeply impressed by his dramatic / dramatically speech. d. They’ve talked very careful / carefully about this issue. e. She drove rapid / rapidly to the conference, not to be late.
12x4p=48p.
6. Complete the charts. noun a. collection b. c. creation d.
verb sing e. perform develop f. play
noun g. rarity h. activity sweetness i.
adjective different j. independent k. l. clever
7. Add a suffix, a prefix or both to each word in brackets so that it suits the context. a. _____ is becoming a very serious problem since it is damaging our environment. (populate) b. This is such a _____ situation and scientists don’t really know what to do about it. (problem) c. _____ not everybody seems to care about this problem. (fortune) d. Rising people’s _____ towards environmental threats is very important. (aware)
4x10p=40p.
Test
3
Module 6.3 Being Green Name No. Class Date
1. Read the text carefully. Project Green Challenge Encourages EcoTeens
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15
20
Project Green Challenge is a green initiative encouraging teens to go green and make their lifestyle more eco-friendly. The goal of Project Green is to bring attention to conscious living, informed consumption and the impact of environmental activism. Shills, the founder and director of Project Green Challenge, hopes that the Project will impact students’ lives across the world and help them make their campuses and communities greener. Already, teens are getting involved in the challenges. Project Green is drawing teens in with fun, empowering and interesting challenges that really make them take a step back and realize how they can be more environmentally aware. From their fun, creative and colorful website design to the great pictures of friendly looking people, you can tell this is a project made for teens. An amazing part of Project Green is that the challenges relate to things that teens actually care about. Not only does Project Green give them great ways to get involved and make a difference, but they have some really incredible incentives. Project Green already has a huge list of schools involved in the movement. Schools all over the country are embracing a path to a greener lifestyle. Students who are involved are already astonished at the changes Project Green is making to their lives. «It was eye-opening to learn that there are so many chemicals in my cosmetics that cause cancer and birth defects,» says Lucia Harley, a student participant. It is not too late for you to get involved! You can sign up at Project Green Challenge’s website as a solo participant or you can get all your friends together and go green as a team. Remember: the more people that get involved, the more we can change. Let’s stop just talking about how much we hate environmental problems and do something to fix them. http://www.bhsjacket.com/features/project_green_challenge_encourages_eco_teens (Accessed in May 2013)
2. In paragraph 1 find synonyms that match the words below.
4x4p=16p.
a. aim b. engagement c. involving d. conscious
3. What do the following words refer to? a. them (line 4) b. they (line 7) c. my (line 15) d. them (line 20)
4x4p=16p.
4. Decide whether these statements are True or False. Find evidence in the text to support your choice.
5x4p=20p.
a. Project Green has been created by Shills. b. One of the concerns of the project is to show the advantages of adopting an environmentally conscious behavior. c. Students who make part of the project cannot tell the changes they have been suffering. d. The challenges promoted by the project are based on teens’ interests. e. Only groups of five teens can sign up at the Project Green Challenges’ website. 5x5p=25p.
5. Complete the statements according to the text. Use your own words. a. This organisation aims at rising people’s awareness to certain aspects such as ____ ___________________________________________________________________________________. b. Shills’ hopes _____________________________________________________________________. c. Some of the strategies used by the Project Green to gain young people’s attention are _______________________________________________________________________________. d. The target public of the Project Green are ________________________________________. e. Lucia Harley was quite surprised when she found out that her cosmetics. ___________________________________________________________________________________.
5x7p=35p.
6. Match the parts to build meaningful sentences. a. Her speech was short…
and
1. Alex try hard to become eco-friendly.
b. Chris recycles
or
2. very powerful.
c. Some people don’t recycle
so
3. I’ve signed up at Project Green Challenge.
d. Neither Peter
nor
4. reduce their garbage.
e. I want to learn about eco-living
but
5. buys secondhand clothing. 4x7p=28p.
7. Complete the sentences using the words below. SO
THUS
BESIDES
SUCH
a. Project Green has become very important. ______ teens are signing up at its website to become members. b. Chris and Michael are ______ involved with the project that they are trying to persuade their friends to join it too. c. The results have been of ______ importance that Shills has been invited to be at a TV talk-show. d. My friend Andrew owns a «green» website; ______ he also created a blog to post his eco-ideas.
Writing Imagine that you are a journalist and the newspaper director has asked you to write an article about an environmental disaster that happened recently in the area you live in. Don’t forget to answer the questions WHO, WHAT, WHEN, HOW and WHY and use the appropriate structure.
60p.
Global test Name No. Class Date
PART 1 – Listening comprehension 1. Listen to a text about the Earth Day and complete the diagram in note form.
5x2p=10p.
Audio 23 – Part 1 (till 00:36)
When is Earth day celebrated? a. ____________________________________
Who is the founder of Earth Day? b. ____________________________________
The Earth Day
What was it founded for? c. __________________________________
When did it become an official international holiday? d. ___________________________________________
Where is it celebrated ? e. _______________________
2. Listen to the second part of the text and fill in the gaps. Audio 23 – Part 2 (from 00:37) a. _________________ consumption, b. _________________ and c. _________________ things are ways you can help the d. _________________ Earth. In schools in the United States, students and teachers talk about ways that they can help the earth and e. _________________ where they live. Some ways that you could make a small difference are: – Turn off the f. _________________ when you are not in a room; – Don’t run the water when you are not using it… like while brushing your teeth or washing dishes; – Recycle your cans, glass, paper, g. _________________ and other items. Check with your city to see which items and h. _________________ you can recycle; – Plant trees and gardens; – Pick up i. _________________ (trash) off the side of road, in yards, parks or other public places;
10x1p=10p.
– Have a garage sale and sell your things that you do not want to use anymore or donate them to a j. _________________ store or second-hand store.
PART 2 – Reading comprehension 1. Read the text attentively. Back to school fashion for eco-teens
5
10
For environmentally minded teenagers, back to school fashion can be a problem. They want to be in fashion and have something new to show off on the first day of school, but they don’t want to damage the planet in the process. Where can fashion-minded green teens turn for back-to-school eco-fashions? There are plenty of options — even for those who need to stick to a budget. Buying clothing made from organic cotton or from hemp is a great way to add eco-friendly pieces to a wardrobe, but it’s not the only way. More and more teens are beginning to embrace second-hand fashions and accessories. A trip to the local thrift store or consignment shop, a Saturday morning spent picking through clothes at yard sales, or an evening perusing the fashions on eBay or the vintage, handmade, and repurposed styles on EcoEtsy may turn up some unique, one-of-a-kind fashions that a green teen will wear proudly on his first day of school and beyond. http://www.mnn.com/family/family-activities/stories/back-to-school-fashion-for-eco-teens (Accessed in May 2013)
2. What do these words refer to?
3x3p=9p.
a. They (line 2) b. it (line 7) c. his (line 12)
3. Look at the sentences taken from the text and explain them using your own words.
3x4p=12p.
a. “They want to be in fashion and have something new to show of on the first day of school (…)” b. “(…) they don’t want to damage the planet in the process.” c. “More and more teens are beginning to embrace second-hand fashions and accessories.”
4. Decide whether the statements are true or false according to the text. Correct the false ones.
4x3p=12p.
a. Eco-friendly teens’ major concern is to be trendy without destroying nature. b. Green teens have very few fashion options. c. Second-hand clothing or even vintage style do not make part of these teens’ choices.
5. Answer the following questions. 5.1 What do you think about eco-teens? 5.2 Are you an eco-friendly teen? Justify.
4x5p=20p.
5.3 Would you consider using second-hand clothing? Why or why not? 5.4 Where do you normally buy your clothes?
PART 3 – Language function 7x2p=14p.
1. Match the parts to build meaningful sentences. a. Green teens expect others
1. to adopt
A. a Green Project was essential.
b. Severn’s motivation
2. to speak up
B. an eco-friendly fashion blog was a success.
c. Our plan
3. to gather
C. recycling measures was questioned by public opinion.
d. She was lucky
4. to be given
D. a new opportunity to present her ideas.
e. His permission
5. to join
E. a high number of signatures against the destruction of hundreds of trees.
f. Gloria’s dream is
6. to create
F. for the cause was amazing.
g. The president’s refusal
7. to form
G. their cause.
5x1p=5p.
2. Decide if the following sentences are passive (P) or active (A). P
A
a. Overpopulation is damaging planet Earth. b. Our planet’s health could be improved. c. Animals are being hunted and forests are being destroyed. d. Scientists are investigating environmental threats. e. Last year my father adopted energy saving procedures.
2.1 Go back to the previous exercise and rewrite all active sentences in the passive. 3. Choose the correct option.
4x2p=8p.
5x1p=5p.
a. This advice has been quite helpfully / helpful. b. She worked well / good today. c. The presentation has been clearly / clear explained by the Eco-teens. d. Students walked angrily / angry down the road to join the demonstration. e. We aren’t happily / happy with the present situation.
4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. You might have to add a prefix, a suffix or both. a. His speech was _____ Most people had left the room before it was over. (interest) b. _____ is damaging planet Earth. (populate) c. This _____ phenomenon is getting out of control. (harm) d. Human _____ has been achieved by aching Mother Nature. (develop) e. The _____ of our planet will lead us to famine, wars and … changes. (destruct / reverse)
6x2p=12p.
5. Complete the sentences using some of the correlative conjunctions given. EITHER…OR
3x3p=9p.
NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO NEITHER…NOR WHETHER…OR BOTH…AND
a. Our campaign was a disaster because we have … money … a strong sponsor. b. … you are young … old there is always something you can do to help the planet. c. Our project is dedicated… to protecting animals … to preventing the extinction of rare plants. 6x4p=24p.
6. Choose the correct option. 6.1 Sasha … Frank fight for our environment. a. or b. but c. and
d. nor
6.2 My neighbourhood hasn’t got any recycling containers… people don’t separate the garbage. a. besides b. such c. moreover d. therefore 6.3 This is … a noble cause that I’ve decided to sign in. a. so b. such c. thus d. but 6.4 Some people don’t care about trees ... animals. All they want is money. a. but b. and c. or d. nor 6.5 We like to help the environment … we lack support. a. but b. or c. and d. nor 6.6 … my friends … my family are indifferent to environmental disasters. a. either… or b. whether…or c. neither…nor d. both…and
PART 4 – Written production While some people think that recycling, reducing and reusing are fundamental to save our planet, others think that such efforts are pointless. Write an argumentative text stating arguments for both points of view. Don’t forget to conclude by stating your position on the matter.
50p.
