1
“ Año
de la Diversificación Diversificación Productiva Productiva y del del Fortalecimiento de la Educación ”.
UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA LOS ANDES FACULTAD DE DERECHO Y CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS MODALIDAD DE EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA HUANCAYO
TRABAJO MONOGRAFICO EL MATRIMONIO CÁTEDRA
DERECHO CIVIL FAMILIA
CATEDRÁTICO
ABOG. MAYKER MORALES CERVANTES
INTEGRANTES
MATOS VILCHEZ EVIN AVILA AVILA CALDERÓN CRISTIAN A.
CICLO Y SECCIÓN
VILCAPOMA : V - “A” HUANCAYO PER! "#
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DEDICATORIA
En Prim Primer er luga lugarr a Dios Dios por por habe haberm rmee perm permit itid ido o llegar hasta este punto y haberme dado salud. Por ser el manantial manantial de vida y darme lo necesario necesario para seguir adelante día a día para lograr mis objetivos. A mi Maestra por su gran apoyo y motivación para la continuación de nuestros estudios proesionales! por su apoyo orecido en este trabajo! por haberme tran transm smiti itido doss
los los
cono conocim cimien iento toss
obte obteni nido doss
guiarme paso a paso en el aprendi"aje.
y
2
DEDICATORIA
En Prim Primer er luga lugarr a Dios Dios por por habe haberm rmee perm permit itid ido o llegar hasta este punto y haberme dado salud. Por ser el manantial manantial de vida y darme lo necesario necesario para seguir adelante día a día para lograr mis objetivos. A mi Maestra por su gran apoyo y motivación para la continuación de nuestros estudios proesionales! por su apoyo orecido en este trabajo! por haberme tran transm smiti itido doss
los los
cono conocim cimien iento toss
obte obteni nido doss
guiarme paso a paso en el aprendi"aje.
y
#
PRESENTACIÓN E& '()*(+,+ /0/12 32,2)45(62 5*+ +/&(7/82 9// 925*,8(7/ 3+12/ &2' 62,26(3(+,2' 8+ &2' /&*3,2' /'; 6232 92'(6(?, 8(6<2 /0/12 5*+ +/&(7/82 8+ 3/,+/ 3(,*6(2'/ +, 523/ /,/&(7/8/ 9// 928+ +>9&(6/&2 / &2' 8+34' 6239/@+2' &2)/ *+ 6/9+, 6 /9+, /&)*,/' (8+/' 9(,6(9/&+' +5+(8/' /& 3/(32,(2.
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1. INTRODUCCIÓN E& 201+(=2 8+& 9+'+,+ /0/12 +' +& 8+ +'/0&+6+ &/' +&/6(2,+' +>('+,+' +,+ 82' +);3+,+' &+)/&+' 3/(32,(/&+' *+ 92 +>6+&+,6(/ (62 /6*/& 8+ 2(+,+ / 266(8+,+ +& 3/(32,(2 5*+ +' *,2 8+ &2' +3/' 34' +'*8(/82' 3+,2' 6239+,8(82' 8+& '/0+ <*3/,2 92 &/ 6239&+1(8/8 *+ +9+'+,/ +& 6239// /,/' 3/,(5+'/6(2,+' 6232 6*&*/' +>('+, +, +& 3*,82 32(=2 92 +& 6*/& '+ /,/&(7/4, /&)*,/' 8+ &/' 9(,6(9/&+' 6*&*/' /&+8+82 8+& 3*,82 *+ '( 0(+, ,2 8(+2, 2()+, 8+ 3/,+/ 8(+6/ /& 8++6<2 6/,?,(62 2 /& 8++6<2 6(=(& '( (,5&*+,6(/2, 8+ 3/,+/ 92'((=/ * ('(+,82 +'2' 62, &/ 6*&*/ <+0/(6/ *+ / '* =+7 5*+ 62,+3924,+/ 8+& 8++6<2 23/,2 (,5&*+,6(/,82 +'2' /& )+3/,2 /& +'9/@2& *+ 8+ 3/,+/ (,3+8(// &&+)? / &/ N*+=/ E'9/@/ / ,*+'2 8++6<2 6(=(& 3+>(6/,2 '2, 62+>('+,+' 62, +& 8++6<2 6/,?,(62 *+ '*)+ +, E*29/. A& '+ /, +>+,'2 +& +3/ +& 9+'+,+ +'*8(2 '+ 62,6+/4 / +'/0&+6+ &/' '+3+1/,7/' 8(5++,6(/' +,+ +& 3/(32,(2 6232 (,'(*6(?, +& 3/(32,(2 6232 '/6/3+,2 /'; 6232
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EL MATRIMONIO S+ 8(6+ *+ 8+(=/ 8+ 3/(32,(*3 +>9+'(?, 523/8/ 92 8+ 3/(' *+ '(),(5(6/ mader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allqui &2 8+5(,+ 6232 +& 3/(32,(2 +' &/ *,(?, +'9((*/& 6292/& +, 523/
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a) Matrimonio Canónico: '2&2 +' =4&(82 9// &2' 6/?&(62' '(, *+ 62,8+,+ &/
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+, 3/+(/ 8+ 6/9/6(8/8 2 523/. E, 6*/,2 / '*' +5+62' &2' 3/(32,(2' (&+)/&+' 9*+8+, '+ ,*&2' 2 /6/+/ /&)*,/ '/,6(?, 6(=(& 2 9+,/& '(, 9+1*(6(2 8+ &/ =/&(8+7 8+& =;,6*&2. e) El Matrimonio in articulo mortis o in extremis: +'4 +5+(82 /& 6+&+0/82 62,
3+,2' +*('(2' *+ +& 28(,/(2 6*/,82 *,2 2 /302' 62,/+,+' '+ +,6*+,/, +, (,3(,+,+ 9+&()2 8+ 3*++. f) El Matrimonio uede ser !"blico o !rivado : +& 9(3+2 '+ +/&(7/ 6*39&(+,82
28/' &/' '2&+3,(8/8+' +'/0&+6(8/' 92 &/ &+. E& 9(=/82 92 62,/(2 62, 8('9+,'/ 8+ /&)*,2' +*('(2' 1*'(5(6/82' 92 &/ 6(6*,'/,6(/'. g) El Matrimonio Morgan#tico : '+ +5(++ /& 62,/;82 +,+ 9+'2,/' 8+ 3*
8(5++,+ 92'(6(?, '26(/&. D*/,+ &/ 6++32,(/ +& +'92'2 8/ / &/ +'92'/ &/ 3/,2 (7*(+8/ +, &*)/ 8+ &/ 8++6
3+,2' 8+ *,/ 8+ &/' 9/+'
'2&2 62,6*+ +, 9+'2,/ *,2 8+ &2' 62,/+,+' /& 6*/& /6239/@/ +, &2 6++32,(/& +, +& 22)/3(+,2 2 5(3/ 8+ &2' 826*3+,2' 3/(32,(/&+' *, +9+'+,/,+ +>9+'/3+,+ 8+'(),/82 92 +& 22 62,/+,+ (39+8(82 8+ /'('( 8+0(82 92 &2 623*,/ +,62,/'+ +, 9/;' 2 &*)/ 8('(,2 8('/,+. %) El Matrimonio or Rato: /& ()*/& *+ +& 3/(32,(2 92 6239/ +' 2/ 523/
9(3((=/ 2 '/&=/1+ 8+ 62,/+ 3/(32,(2Q 9+2 +' 34' =(2&+,/ *+ /*+&&/ / ;*&2 &*6/(=2 62,'('+ +, +& /928+/3(+,2 3/+(/& 8+ *,/ 3*1+ 62,'+,(82/ 2 ,2 8+& /62 8+ /+0//&/ 8+ '* 5/3(&(/ 2 8+& <2)/ *+ 6239/;/. &) El Matrimonio Rato: +& 6+&+0/82 &+);(3/ '2&+3,+3+,+ *+ ,2
28/=;/ / 62,'*3/'+ 92 ,2
1$
6?,*)+' &/' 6/*'/' 8+ +&&2' '2, 3&(9&+': &/ =2&*,/8 8+ &2' 62,/+,+' 92 +>6+'2 8+ 6+&2 +&()(2'2 32/& &/ (3(8+7 +>/28(,/(/ 8+& 3/(82 '20+ 282 /&)*,/ /0+/6(?, '+>*/& +6. l) El matrimonio for'ado( +' +& 6/'2 8+ /*+&&2' 3/(32,(2' /628/82' +,+
&2' 9/8+' +, &2' *+ &/ 9/+1/ ,2 3*+'/ '* (,+,6(?, 8+ 6/'/'+. m) El matrimonio a la'o determinado( *, 92+62 +, A&+3/,(/ 62,'(8+2
*+ +& 3/(32,(2 8+0+ +,+ *,/ 8*/6(?, 8+ '(++ /@2' 23/,82 +, 6*+,/ *+ +' /9/( 8+ +'+ 323+,2 *+ &/ 9/+1/ +,+ +, 6('(' (+3+8(/0&+ 32(=2 92 +& 6*/& +& 3/(32,(2 8+0+ +3(,/ 92 +& 6*39&(3(+,2 8+& 9&/72 2 +, '* 6/'2 '+ 201+2 8+ +,2=/6(?,. n( El matrimonio or internet ( +& /=/,6+ 8+ &2' 3+8(2' 8+ 623*,(6/6(?,
+& 6
*,/ 3*+/ '2, *,/ +/&(8/8 +, +& D++6<2 6239//82. ( el matrimonio consular( +' +& 3/(32,(2 8+ *, 9+*/,2 6+&+0/82 +, +&
+>/,1+2 /,+ &/ 8+9+,8+,6(/ 25(6(/& /*2(8/8 62,'*&/ 9+*/,/ *+ 6*39&+ 62, 28/' &/' 523/&(8/8+' 8+ *, 3/(32,(2 6(=(&. 7. DE LAS CONDICIONES PARA EL MATRIMONIO
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
1%
P+2 &/ 6*+'(?, 8+ &2' +*('(2' *+ &/ L+ +'/0&+6+ 9// &/ 6+&+0/6(?, 8+& 3/(32,(2 9*+8+ '+ 62,'(8+/82 2 9&/,+/82 8+'8+ *, 9*,2 8+ =('/ ,+)/(=2 2 / &/ (,=+'/ +'2 +' 6*/,82 5/&/ /&)*,2' 8+ 8(6<2' +*('(2' 6*/,82 &2' 62,/+,+' 2 *,2 8+ +&&2' ,2 /&6/,7/ &/ +8/8 3;,(3/ '+ 8/ &*)/ / &/ 62,5()*/6(?, 8+ *, (39+8(3+,2 9// +& 3/(32,(2 92+6/82 &2 *+ 9*+8+ 26*( 62, 282' &2' 8+34' +*('(2' *+8/,82 9&/,+/8/ 8+ +'/ 3/,+/ &/ +2;/ 8+ &2' (39+8(3+,2' 9// +& 3/(32,(2. L*+)2 +*('(2 2 (39+8(3+,2 9// +& 3/(32,(2 +, '*'/,6(/ 62,'(*+ &/ 3('3/ 6*+'(?, '+), '+/ 62,'(8+/8/ 8+'8+ +& 9*,2 8+ =('/ 92'((=2 2 8+& ,+)/(=2. A30/' 523/' 8+ 9&/,+/ &/ 6*+'(?, +5++,+ / &/ =/&(8+7 8+& 3/(32,(2 6+96(?, 9*+8+, '+ 8++3(,/82' 62, 3/2 9+6('(?, 6&/(8/8 92 &2 *+ +& 9&/,+/3(+,2 8+& 9*,2 8+ =('/ ,+)/(=2 8+ &/' 62,8(6(2,+' 9// +& 3/(32,(2 2'. - P*0+/8 - P2+,6(/ '+>*/& - S/,(8/8 ,*96(/& 0. D+ 28+, (62 '26(/& - /*'+,6(/ 8+ =;,6*&2 3/(32,(/& - A*'+,6(/ 8+ 62,'/,)*(,(8/8 - A*'+,6(/ 8+ /5(,(8/8 - A*'+,6(/ 8+ /8296(?, - A*'+,6(/ 8+ 6(3+, - A*'+,6(/ 8+ *+&/ 6*/+&/ - P&/72 8+ =(*8+7 - M/2;/ 8+ +8/8 6. D+ &(0+ 62,'+,(3(+,2 - S/,(8/8 3+,/&
1&
- C/9/6(8/8 9// 3/,(5+'/ =2&*,/8 8+ 3/,+/ (,8*0(/0&+ +, 6/'2 8+ '2823*82' 6(+)2 '282' 6(+)2 3*82'. - A*'+,6(/ 8+ /92 ++,6(?, =(2&+,/. - E'/82 8+ 62,6(+,6(/. 8. P+'2,/&+' - V2&*,/8 - D('92'(6(?, +. F23/&+' - D+6&//6(?, 8+ =2&*,/8 - F*,6(2,/(2 6239++,+ - D26*3+,/6(?, - T+'()2' - P*0&(6/6(?, - O92'(6(?, - D+,*,6(/ - D+6&//6(?, 8+ /9(*8 ,*96(/& - C+&+0/6(?, 8. DE LOS IMPEDIMENTOS PARA EL MATRIMONIO
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no 9*+8+, 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 +, ,(,), 6/'2 +, /,2 *+ &2' '+)*,82' '2, 8+ /9&(6/6(?, 9/6(/& *+ (39&(6/, &/ 92<(0(6(?, 8+ 6/'/'+ '?&2 62, 6(+/' 9+'2,/' 6232 &2' 9/(+,+' 9*8(+,82
1'
6*2 (,6*39&(3(+,2 8/, &*)/ / &/ (392'(6(?, 8+ 2/' '/,6(2,+' 8(5++,+' / &/ (,=/&(8+' 8+& 3/(32,(2 8/,82 &*)/ / &2' 3/(32,(2' 8+,23(,/82' (&;6(2'. S+), &/ 8*/6(?, &2' (39+8(3+,2' '2, 9+9+*2' 2 +392/&+' 6232 +& 8+ &/ 3(,2(8/8 +, +& 9(3+ 6/'2 &/ 62,'/,)*(,(8/8 +, +& '+)*,82.
8.1. DE LOS IMPEDIMENTOS A;SOLUTOS S2, 8+ 6/46+ ,/*/& 92*+ (+,+ *+ =+ 62, '*' 5(,+' 2 '+/ 8+ *+ ,2 9*+8+ '+ 62,/;82 92 9+'2,/' 8+& 3('32 '+>2. S(, +30/)2 3* 926/' &+)('&/6(2,+' &2 +'/0&+6+, +>9+'/3+,+ 6232 +' +& 6/'2 8+& C?8()2 C(=(& P+*/,2 8+ $% 92*+ 8+0(82 / '* 3/,(5(+'/ +=(8+,6(/ '+ 62,'(8+/ (,,+6+'/(2 3+,6(2,/&2 *+8/,82 +, &/ 62,8(6(?, 8+ +*('(2 2 (39+8(3+,2 '+), +& 9*,2 8+ =('/ 92'((=2 2 ,+)/(=2 (39&;6(2 20=(2 62,'*'/,6(/& / 282 3/(32,(2. E& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J" +, '* /;6*&2 $J" &2 62,'(),2 +>9+'/3+,+ /& 8+5(,( /& 3/(32,(2 62, &/ *,(?, 9+9+*/ 8+& <230+ 8+ &/ 3*1+ +, *,/ '26(+8/8 &+);(3/. E& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J
1 L&- $%*)#)E& 5*,8/3+,2 9// +& (39+8(3+,2 +' '(39&+ *+ 9// +& 6*39&(3(+,2 8+ &2' 5(,+' 8+& 3/(32,(2 6232 8+ &/ 926+/6(?, *+ +' +& 9(,6(9/& +' (,8('9+,'/0&+ *+ &2' 62,/+,+'
1(
'(+39+ *+ 3+8(+, 32(=2' )/=+' 92 &/ '+)*,8/ 9/+ 8+& (,6('2 $ 8+& /;6*&2 "$ 8+& C.C. 8+ $J '+ /*2(7/ /& *+7 9// &/ 8('9+,'/ 8+& (39+8(3+,2 / 62,8(6(?, *+ +& =/?, +,)/ $% /@2' 6*39&(82' &/ 3*1+ $. A ,(=+& 8+ D++6<2 C239//82 ,2 '+ 62,'(8+/ &/ 6/9/6(8/8 +5+6(=/ 9// &/ 926+/6(?, 2 9// +,)+,8/ 6232 62,8(6(?, ,+6+'/(/ 9// +& 3/(32,(2 8+ 3282 *+ &/' 9+'2,/' *+ /82&+6+, 8+ (392+,6(/ ,2 +>('(+,82 +& (39+8(3+,2
9*+8+,
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62,/8(62(/3+,+ 92 +& /;6*&2 " (,6('2 &/ (392+,6(/ /0'2&*/ 5()*/ +,+ &/' 6/*'/&+' 8+ /,*&/0(&(8/8 8+& 3/(32,(2.
2 L&- <,) a/&!)()' /) )')#%)/a/ (#'$(a= (&'"a$&-a "#a'-%$-$*!) &# )#)'($a & /) $($& <,) (&'-"$",a )!$#& a#a !a #&!) L/ 5(,/&(8/8 8+ +'+ (39+8(3+,2 +' 3* &2/0&+ 92*+ 62, '* /9&(6/6(?, (+,+, /66+'2 /& 3/(32,(2 '?&2 &/' 9+'2,/' 5;'(6/' 32/&3+,+ /9/' 9// 62,'*3/&2 +,)+,8/ *,/ 92&+ &(0+ 8+ +,5+3+8/8+' 8+ //'. E& 920&+3/ 62,'('+ +, &/ 523/ 8+ 62,2&/ 62, +5(6/6(/ +& 6*39&(3(+,2 8+& 6(/82 (39+8(3+,2 92*+ '( 0(+, 28/' &/' &+)('&/6(2,+' 62(,6(8+, +, +'/0&+6+&2 8('6+9/, +, 6*/,2 / '* =+(5(6/6(?, +'*&/,82 *+ /&)*,2' &&+)*+, / 929*),/ &/ ,+6+'(8/8 8+ *,/ =+8/8+/ (,=+'()/6(?, +&/(=/ / &/ '/,(8/8 8+ &2' 9++,8(+,+' /& &/82 8+ 2/' *+ '+ +'(+,+, 8+ &/ /*'+,6(/ 2/& 8+ ,23/' 8+ <()(+,+ '26(/&. E, &/ &+)('&/6(?, ,/6(2,/& '+ ('+ 8(6<2 '+=(6(2. N2 20'/,+ +& 9+5+66(2,/3(+,2 8+& '('+3/ 8+ 62,2& '+ 9+'('+ +,
1)
L/ '+)*,8/ 9/+ 8+& (39+8(3+,2 8+ *+ /82&+6(+/, 8+ =(6(2 *+ 62,'(*+ 9+&()2 9// &/ 92&+ +'*&/ 946(6/3+,+ 8+6&//(=/ 92*+ ,2 '+ 6239&+3+,/ 62, 523/ /&)*,/ 8+ =+(5(6/6(?, 2 8+ 62,2&.
3 L&- <,) a/)($)#a' (#'$(a%)'") /) )')#%)/a/)- %)'"a!)- a,'<,) ")'a' $'")#a!&- !($/&L/ 5(,/&(8/8 8+& (39+8(3+,2 +' 820&+ 92*+ '( 0(+, 92 *, &/82
4 L&- -&#/&%,/&-= !&- ($)&-&#/&-= !&- ($)&-%,/&- <,) '& -,$)#a' )0#)-a# -, &!,'"a/ /) %a')#a $'/,*$"a*!) E& (39+8(3+,2 '2&2 6239+,8+ / &2' '2823*82' &2' 6(+)2' '282' &2' 6(+)2' 3*82' *+ ,2 9*+8/, +>9+'/ '* =2&*,/8 8+ 3/,+/ (,8*0(/0&+ *+ +, =(*8 8+& (,6('2 8+& /;6*&2 '2, (,6/9/6+' /0'2&*2' 8+ +1+6(6(2 92 &2 *+ ,2 /&6/,74,82&+' +& (39+8(3+,2 9*+8+, 6/'/'+ =4&(8/3+,+. H/ *+ /)+)/ *+ 6232 62,'+6*+,6(/ 8+& 9+5+66(2,/3(+,2 8+& /+ 8+ &/ 6,(6/ 8+ +,'+@/ / +'/' 9+'2,/' '+ =/ +8*6(+,82 62,'(8+/0&+3+,+ /& 430(2 8+ +'/ 6&/'+ 8+ (,6/9/6(8/8 /0'2&*/ 92 /,2 8+ /9&(6/6(?, 8+& I39+8(3+,2.
5 L&- (a-a/&N2 '+ // 8+ *, (39+8(3+,2 6232 &2' /,+(2+' 92 /*'+,6(/ 8+ /9(*8+' ,/*/&+' '(,2 *,2 8+ ,/*/&+7/ &+)/& 2 (39+8(3+,2 8+ =;,6*&2. E& 929?'(2 8+ +'+ (39+8(3+,2 +' )//,(7/ &/ 32,2)/3(/ 3/(32,(/&. L/ (,5/66(?, 8+& (39+8(3+,2 8/ &*)/ / 82' 6&/'+' 8+ 62,'+6*+,6(/'. D+'8+ +& 9*,2 8+ =('/ 6(=(& /6/+/ &/ ,*&(8/8 8+& '+)*,82 3/(32,(2 '+), &2 +'/0&+6+
2*
+& (,6('2 8+& /;6*&2 ". E, '+)*,82 &*)/ 62,5()*/ +& 8+&(2 8+ 0()/3(/ 9+=('/ 92 +& /;6*&2 $ 8+& C. P. S(, &(3(/'+ / &/ '(39&+ +,*,6(/6(?, 8+& (39+8(3+,2 6232 3+8(8/ 6239&+3+,/(/ 8+ 9+=+,6(?, &/ &+ ,/6(2,/& +>()+ &/ 9*0&(6(8/8 8+& 92+62 8+ &/ 6+&+0/6(?, 8+& 3/(32,(2 '(, +30/)2 +, /39/2 8+ &/ 5/3(&(/ *+ 9*+8+
8.2 DE LOS IMPEDIMENTOS RELATI>OS S+ &(3(/, / +'/0&+6+ *,/ 92<(0(6(?, 9/6(/& +, =(*8 8+ &/ *+ &2' (,6*'2' +, & ,2 9*+8+, 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 62, 8++3(,/8/' 9+'2,/' &/' *+ (,8(6/ +>9+'/3+,+ &/ &+ *+8/,82 +, &(0+/8 92 &2 /,2 8+ 6+&+0/&2 62, &2' 8+34'. E& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J 3+8(/,+ '* /;6*&2 "" (,+)/ +,*3+/ &2' (39+8(3+,2' +&/(=2'. $ L&- (&'-a',')&- )' !')a #)("a= !&- $&- a!$%)'"$-"aE& (,6('2 $ 8+& /;6*&2 "" 62,'(),/ &/ 92<(0(6(?, 8+ 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 +,+ 9/(+,+' 62,'/,)*;,+2' 8+ &/ &;,+/ +6/ 62, 6/46+ (&(3(/82 '(, +>6+96(?, /&)*,/. E, &2 *+ */&+' +,+ &2' 9+'*,2' 9/8+' +, &/ 926/ 8+ '* 62,6+96(?, )+,+/ *,/ 9+'*,6(?, 8+ 9/+,+'62 +, &;,+/ +6/.
2 L&- (&'-a',')&- )' !')a (&!a")#a! /)'"#& /)! -),'/& ")#()# #a/& E& (,6('2 " 8+& /;6*&2 "" +'/0&+6+ &/ 92<(0(6(?, 8+ 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 +,+ 9/(+,+' 62,'/,)*;,+2' 8+ &/ &;,+/ 62&/+/&
21
&/ 9+*/,/ ,2 9+3(+, 8('9+,'/ /&)*,/ 8+& (39+8(3+,2 '( +& 3/(32,(2
3 L&- a#$)'")- &# a$'$/a/ E, &2' (,6('2' 8+& /;6*&2 "" 8+& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J '+ +'/0&+6+ &/ 92<(0(6(?, 8+ 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 +,+ 9/(+,+' 92 /5(,(8/8 8+ &/ &;,+/ +6/ +, 523/ (&(3(/8/ +, &/ &;,+/ 62&/+/&
4 L&- a#$)'")- &# a/&($' E& (,6('2 8+& /;6*&2 "" 8+& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J +'/0&+6+ *+ ,2 9*+8+ 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 +,+ '; +& /829/,+ +& /829/82 '*' 5/3(&(/+' +, &/' &;,+/' 8+,2 8+ &2' )/82' '+@/&/82' +, &2' (,6('2' $ /& 9// &/ 62,'/,)*(,(8/8 &/ /5(,(8/8. E& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J +,8(82 /39&(/82 +& (39+8(3+,2 92 /8296(?, 6+96(2,+' 62, +& (39+8(3+,2 92 62,'/,)*(,(8/8 /5(,(8/8. L/ /39&(/6(?, 8+ +'+ (39+8(3+,2 '+ 8+0+ / &/ ,*+=/ 2(+,/6(?, *+ +& C?8()2 C(=(&
5 E! (&'/)'a/& (&%& a#"($) )' )! &%$($/$& /) ,'& /) !&- (',)-= '$ )! #&()-a/& &# )-"a (a,-a (&' )! -&*#)$$)'") E& (,6('2 % 8+& /;6*&2 "" +'/0&+6+ +& (39+8(3+,2 /& 62,8+,/82 6232 9/;6(9+ +, +& <23(6(8(2 82&2'2 8+ *,2 8+ &2' 6?,*)+' ,( +& 926+'/82 92 +'/ 6/*'/ 62, +& '20+=(=(+,+. E, &/ <('2(/ 8+& D++6<2 F/3(&(/ '+ &+ 62,26+ 6232 (39+8(3+,2 8+ 6(3+, 9+2 ,2 92 &/ 623('(?, 8+ *, 8+&(2 +, )+,+/& '(,2 6*/,82 '+ 8+(=/ 8+ *,/
22
)/=+ 25+,'/ 623+(8/ 62,/ +& 8+0+ 8+ 5(8+&(8/8 62,*)/& 6232 928;/ '+ +& /8*&+(2 2 +& 62,*)(6(8(2 6/&(5(6/82. P+2 &/ 3/2;/ 8+ &/' &+)('&/6(2,+' 6(=(&+' 328+,/' ,2 +&/6(2,/, 8(+6/3+,+ +& /8*&+(2 62, +& (39+8(3+,2 '(,2 (39&;6(/3+,+ &(3(4,82'+ / (,28*6( +& (39+8(3+,2 8+ 6(3+, +, 62,/ 8+& 62,8+,/82 2 926+'/82 92 +& <23(6(8(2 8+ *,2 8+ &2' 6?,*)+' *+8/,82 '?&2 6232 9+'*,6(?, &/ 92'(0(&(8/8 8+ *, /8*&+(2 2 +& 929?'(2 8+ 623++&2. E, 8(6
6 E! #a"&# (&' !a #a"a/a & a !a $')#-a E& (,6('2 8+& /;6*&2 "" 8+& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J 8('92,+ *+ +& /92 +'4 92<(0(82 8+ 62,/+ 3/(32,(2 62, &/ /9/8/ &2 3('32 *+ &/ /92/ 62, +& /9/82 9+2 '?&2 3(+,/' '*0'('/ +& /92 2 */& *+ 9*82
S2, 8('(,2' / &2' /0'2&*2' +&/(=2'. E& C?8()2 C(=(& 8+ $J &2'
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