Motores Corrente Alternada

FUNDAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL MONTES CLAROS FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE MONTES CLAROS ENGENHARIA QUÍMICA- LABORATÓRIO DE ENGENHARIA II

Capa

FUNDAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL MONTES CLAROS FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE MONTES CLAROS ENGENHARIA QUÍMICA- LABORATÓRIO DE ENGENHARIA II Sumár! 1. INTRODUÇÃO..................................................................................................... .....3 1.1.Historia....................................................................................................................4 2. GERADORES DE CORRENTE ALTERNADA (CA).................................................5 2.1.Li ! "ara!a#$N%&a''.......................................................................................5 2.2.O a&o  a ar&a!%ra...........................................................................................* 2.2.1. T's+o ,ra!a  a -ita+o..............................................................................* 2.2.2. "r/%0'ia.......................................................................................................... * 2.2.3. R,%a+o...........................................................................................................* 2.2.4. R'!i&'to........................................................................................................ 2.2.5. Gra!or trisio.................................................................................... ............. 3. OTORES DE CORRENTE ALTERNADA..............................................................6 3.1.otor ! I'!%+o o% Ass7'ro'o..........................................................................18 3.1.1. Rotor ! ,aioa.................................................................................................12 3.1.2. Rotor 9o:i'a!o.................................................................................................12 3.1.3. ;ri'7io ! %'io'a&'to !o &otor ! i'!%+o trisio..............................13 RE"ER
"# INTRODUÇÃO C=a&a$s orr't

>tria o

&o?i&'to

or!'a!o

!as ar,as

>trias & %& o'!%tor. Estas ar,as s+o ara!as a !ir'a ! ot'ia a /% st+o s%:&ti!as. S a !ir'a ! ot'ia or o'sta't@ o &o?i&'to !as ar,as >trias tr %& 'io s'ti!o  ?oi!a! o'sta't@ & ir%itos o&%'s o& rta rsist0'ia. O% sBa@ 'st aso o %-o ! ar,as >trias & %&a ra ! s+o tra's?rsa > o'sta't ao o',o !o t&o. O s'ti!o ra !a orr't >tria > o s'ti!o !o &o?i&'to !os >tro's@ o'or& &ostra a i,%ra a:ai-o

"i,%ra 1 S'ti!o !a orr't >tria "o't TOR@ Ga%:r F Corr't Atr'a!a

as o s'ti!o o'?'io'a a!ota!o 'o &io i't7io > o s'ti!o !o &o?i&'to !as ar,as ositi?as

"i,%ra 2 S'ti!o !a orr't >tria a!ota!o "o't TOR@ Ga%:r F Corr't Atr'a!a

3

;or>&@ s a !ir'a ! ot'ia ?ariar o& o t&o@ o %-o ! ar,as >trias ?ai &%!ar@ ! aor!o o& a ?aria+o 'a t's+o. %a'!o sta ?aria+o !a t's+o osia 'tr ?aors ositi?os  ',ati?os@ o% sBa@ a oari!a! atr'a$s 'tr ositi?a  ',ati?a@ o!$s !ir /% a orr't >tria ,ra!a > %&a orr't atr'a!a.  As orr'ts >trias atr'a!as & ,ra o:ti!as ?aria& ! or&a s'oi!a o& o t&o. O% sBa@ osia s'oi!a&'t 'tr ?aors &-i&os  &7'i&os. A -rss+o ara a ora tro&otri t& a or&a ε =ε m .senω.t  εm

  > a a&it%! &-i&a !a ora tro&otri   > a r/%0'ia

a',%ar & ra!Js. Co'or& &%!a& os ?aors !o t&o@ a a&it%! !a ora tro&otri ta&:>& &%!a. ;ara os !ir'ts ' i'tiros a artir ! 8@ a ora tro&otri > '%a. Os ?aors &7'i&os oorr& ara os '.K@ o& ' ?aria'!o ! 8 a

. Os ?aors &-i&os !a ora tro&otri oorr& ara os (' M ).K@ o& ' i'tiros ?aria'!o ! 8 a . I&!iata&'t as aia!a a t's+o@ a orr't >tria ?aria ! &a'ira irr,%ar o& o t&o. Est > o =a&a!o ito tra'si't. As ssar o tra'si't@ a orr't >tria osia ! &a'ira s'oi!a !a &s&a or&a /% a t's+o aia!a.  A -rss+o ara a i't'si!a! !a orr't >tria t& a &s&a or&a !a /%a+o ara a t's+o@ &:ora a,ora sBa 'ssrio i'tro!%ir a o'sta't ! as P@ 'tr a ora tro&otri  a orr't. Dst &o!o@ o!&os sr?r i

=i

m

(

− Φ)

.sen ω t 

;ara a a'is !as orr'ts atr'a!as@ %sa$s %& ir%ito RLC o& a&:os os o&o''ts@ rsistor @ i'!%tor  aaitor   & s>ri@ o'ta!o a %&a o't ! ora tro&otri atr'a!a. O s7&:oo %tiia!o ara orr't atr'a!a@ assi& o&o ara ora tro&otri atr'a!a (Q)@ > rrs'ta!o o s7&:oo ().

"#"# H$%!ra Ess tio ! orr't s%r,i% o& Nioa Tsa@ /% oi o'trata!o ara o'str%ir %&a i'=a ! tra's&iss+o 'tr !%as i!a!s ! No?a or. Na/%a >oa@ T=o&as E!iso' t'to% !sar!itar Tsa ! /% isso !aria rto@ 'o 'ta'to@ 4

o sist&a /% Tsa  aa:o% s'!o a!ota!o. A artir ! 't+o a orr't >tria & or&a ! orr't atr'a!a asso% a sr &%ito %tiia!a@ s'!o =oB aia!a 'a tra's&iss+o ! 'r,ia >tria /% ?ai !as o&a'=ias ! 'r,ia >tria at> os 'tros rsi!'iais  o&riais. A orr't atr'a!a > a or&a &ais ia ! tra's&iss+o ! 'r,ia >tria or o',as !ist'ias@ ois a ars'ta aii!a! ara tr o ?aor !a s%a t's+o atra!o or aar=os !'o&i'a!os tra'sor&a!ors.

&# GERADORES DE CORRENTE ALTERNADA 'CA( O ,ra!or ! orr't atr'a!a > %& !isositi?o /% o'?rt a 'r,ia &'ia & 'r,ia >tria. O ,ra!or &ais si&s o'sta ! %&a sira rta',%ar /% ,ira & %& a&o &a,'>tio %'ior&. O &o?i&'to ! rota+o !as siras > ro!%i!o o &o?i&'to ! %&a t%r:i'a aio'a!a or %&a orr't ! ,%a & %&a 'tra =i!ro>tria@ o% or %&  Bato ! ?aor & %&a 'tra t>r&ia. No ri&iro aso@ %&a art !a 'r,ia ot'ia ,%a rrsa!a s tra'sor&a & 'r,ia >triaV 'o s,%'!o aso@ %&a art !a 'r,ia /%7&ia s tra'sor&a & 'r,ia >tria ao /%i&ar ar:o'o o% o%tro o&:%st7? ssi. %a'!o a sira ,ira@ o %-o !o a&o &a,'>tio atra?>s !a sira ?aria o& o t&o > ro!%i!a %&a &. Os -tr&os !a sira s+o o'ta!os a !ois a'>is /% ,ira& o& a sira. As o'-Ws ao ir%ito -tr'o s+o itas &!ia't so?as staio'rias & o'tato o& os a'>is.

&#"#

L) *) Fara*a+-N)uma,, Ta&:>& =a&a!a ! i !a i'!%+o &a,'>tia@ sta i@ a:ora!a a

artir ! o'tri:%iWs ! i=a "ara!a#@ "ra' Er'st N%&a''  Hi'ri= L' 'tr 1X31  1X45@ /%a'tiia a i'!%+o tro&a,'>tia.  A i ! "ara!a#$N%&a'' raio'a a ora tro&otri ,ra!a 'tr os tr&i'ais ! %& o'!%tor s%Bito Y ?aria+o ! %-o &a,'>tio o& o &!%o !a ?aria+o !o %-o & %'+o ! %& i'tr?ao ! t&o & /% sta ?aria+o ao't. 5

&#&#

O amp! ) a arma*ura ;/%'os ,ra!ors oss%& as :o:i'as ! a&o 'o stator (a&o

staio'rio)  !a ar&a!%ra 'o rotor (,iratria). Z 'os ,ra'!s ,ra!ors isso '+o > i'trssa't or/% tra'srir ,ra'!s orr'ts !a art &? 'ssitaria ! a'>is  so?as /% !s,asta& ai&'t rB%!ia'!o a ,ra+o. U&a !as &a'iras ! rso?r isso > tor'a'!o a ar&a!%ra staio'ria@ assi& so&'t a -ita+o !o a&o /% '+o -i, &%ita orr't@ sr ito atra?>s ! a'>is  so?as.

&#&#"# T),$.! /)ra*a ) a )0%a1.!  A /%a'ti!a! ! t's+o ro!%i!a or %& ,ra!or !'! !a i't'si!a! !o a&o  !a ?oi!a! !o rotor. Co&o a &aioria !os ,ra!ors tra:a=a o& ?oi!a! o'sta't a t's+o ! sa7!a !'! :asia&'t !a i't'si!a! !o a&o. Assi&@ s -itar&os st a&o a%&'ta&os a t's+o ,ra!a.

&#&#&# Fr)2u3,a N+o !?&os s/%r /% a sa7!a > atr'a!a @ orta'to = %&a r/%0'ia /% !'! !a ?oi!a!  !o '&ro ! os !o ,ra!or.

 Frequencia=

 Nº de Polos x Velocidade( RPM ) 120

&## R)/u5a1.!  [ &!i!a /% !r'a&os orr't ! %& ,ra!or@ s%a t's+o t'! a air@ o% sBa@ -ist %&a t's+o /%a'!o o ,ra!or sti?r & ?aio  %&a &'or /%a'!o  sti?r o& 'a ar,a. A !ir'a 'tr a t's+o s& ar,a  a t's+o o& ar,a -rssa & or'ta,& > o /% =a&a&os ! r,%a+o. *

 REG ( )=

Tensão ( vaio )−Tensão ( !lenacar"a ) Tensão ( !lena car"a )

&## R),*m),%! Os ,ra!ors ! orr't atr'a!a ars'ta& r!as o&o /%a/%r  &/%i'a >tria@ o% sBa@ a ot'ia ! sa7!a '%'a sr i,%a Y ot0'ia ! 'tra!a@ !?i!o Ys r!as >trias  &'ias.   Pot$ncia de %a&da  REN# ( ) =  x 100  Pot$ncia de Entrada

&## G)ra*!r %r8á$! Os ,ra!ors &o'osios s+o tis & rsi!0'ias@ rori!a!s r%rais@ i,rBas@ /%'as oii'as t. ;or>&@ & %&a i'!stria o'! = &/%i'as trisias = 'ssi!a! ! %& ,ra!or trisio@ /% > si&iar ao ,ra!or &o'osio@ &as o& tr0s 'roa&'tos ! ar&a!%ra !asa!os isia&'t 128\.

"i,%ra 3 Gra!or Corr't Atr'a!a "o't SIL]A@ Co!oa!o F Gra!ors C.A.



"ora Etro&otri@ i'!%i!a '%&a 9o:i'a > roorio'a ao '&ro ! siras@ N@ !a 9o:i'a@  Y Ta-a T&ora ! ]aria+o@ !P J !t@ !o '&ro ! Li'=as ! "%-o a,'>tio@ P@ /% atra?ssa& a s%r7i (A) i&ita!a a 9o:i'a. U& Eito I'!%i!o > s&r ! ta or&a a Oor$s Y a%sa /% o ro!%. No Gra!or@ a 9o:i'a st so: a i'%0'ia ! Ca&o a,'>tio Estaio'rio. A D'si!a! !o "%-o a,'>tio@ 9@ > o'sta't  P ^ 9 - A@ assi& P > roorio'a Y [ra Eti?a@ A@ !a Esira. _ &!i!a /% a Esira ,ira & ',%os !ir'ts = %&a atra+o !a [ra Eti?a A !a Esira !&o'stra!o 'a "i,%ra 4

"i,%ra 4 [ra Eti?a !a Esira ara Dir'ts `',%os ! Rota+o

 A "i,%ra 5 > %& tio ! Gra!or. Aio'a!o a &a'i?a@ a 9o:i'a ,ira 'tr os ;os !o &a'  %&a T's+o ! CA (AC) > ro!%i!a.

X

"i,%ra 5 Gra!or 

O s% ri'7io ! ora+o > :asa!o 'a I'!%+o Etro&a,'>tia@ !i'i!a a Li ! "ara!a#.

4# MOTORES DE CORRENTE ALTERNADA O &otor >trio > %&a &/%i'a /% tra'sor&a a ot0'ia >tria & ot0'ia &'ia@ & tra:a=o@  & %&a r!%i!a or'ta,& ! r!as. %a'!o o &otor >trio > i,a!o Y r! >tria@  a:sor? rta /%a'ti!a! ! 'r,ia >tria  a tra'sor&a & tor/% ara aio'ar %&a !tr&i'a!a ar,a@ o&o or -&o@ %& i-o ! %&a &/%i'a. Est ri'7io ! o'?rtr 'r,ia & tra:a=o > o &s&o ! %& &otor  ! %& a%to&?@ =a&a!o ! &otor ! o&:%st+o@ a !ir'a > /%  > ai&'ta!o or %& o&:%st7? (oo@ ,asoi'a@ t)  o o&:%st7?b !o &otor  >trio > a 'r,ia >tria. Os &otors ! orr't atr'a!a ai'!a s !i?i!& & &ais !ois ,ra'!s ,r%os

S9,r!,!$:  c o%o %tiia!o 'as i'!strias@ s%a ?oi!a! > o'sta't@ ois oss%i %& i'!%i!o ! a&o o'sta't r>$!i'i!o @ assi&@ a%&'ta a rsosta ao rosso ! arrast ria!o o a&o ,ira't. c &r,a!o /%a'!o s a 'ssrias ?oi!a!s st?is &s&o s%:&ti!os a ar,as ?ari?is@ /%a'!o s r/%r ,ra'! ot0'ia o& tor/% o'sta't  ta&:>& o! sr %sa!o ara orr+o ! ator ! ot0'ia.

A$$9,r!,!$: Gra&'t tra:a=a & ?oi!a! st?@ /% ?aria ?&'t o& a ar,a &'ia aia!a ao s% i-o. c si&s@ ro:%sto@ ! :ai-o %sto@ ! 6

r!%i!a 'ssi!a! ! &a'%t'+o@ s'!o assi&@ > o &otor &ais %tiia!o i'!%stria&'t. D?i!o aos a?a'os !a trd'ia > oss7? o'troar&os a ?oi!a! !sss &otors o& o a%-7io ! i'?rsors ! r/%0'ia. Os &otors CA ars'ta& aratr7stias -'ts ara a ora+o a ?oi!a!s o'sta'ts@ or/% a ?oi!a! > !tr&i'a!a a r/e0'ia !a r! ! ai&'ta+o  o '&ro ! os !o &otor.

"i,%ra * Or'o ,ra&a ! otors ! Corr't Atr'a!a "o't OLI]EIRA@ A'to'io F otors ! Corr't Atr'a!a

4#"#

M!%!r *) I,*u1.! !u A$$9,r!,! O &otor ! i'!%+o ta&:>& > o'=i!o or &otor ass7'ro'o@

-ata&'t or '+o o!r %'io'ar 'a ?oi!a! s7'ro'a.  A o'str%+o !o stator !o &otor ! i'!%+o > ratia&'t i,%a Y !o stator !o &otor s7'ro'o@ &as os s%s rotors s+o o&ta&'t !ir'ts. O rotor !o &otor ! i'!%+o > %& ii'!ro a&i'a!o@ o& ra'=%ras 'a s%r7i. O 18

&otor ! i'!%+o > o &otor CA &ais %sa!o@ or a%sa ! s%a si&ii!a!@ o'str%+o ro:%sta@ :ai-o %sto ! a:ria+o  :oas aratr7stias ! %'io'a&'to.

"i,%ra  otor tio I'!%+o "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

D aor!o o& a Li ! L'@ /%a/%r orr't i'!%i!a t'! a s oor  Ys ?ariaWs !o a&o /% a ro!%i%. No aso ! %& &otor ! i'!%+o@ a ?aria+o > a rota+o !o a&o !o stator@  a ora -ri!a so:r o rotor a ra+o 'tr o rotor  o a&o !o stator > ta /% t'ta a'ar o &o?i&'to o't7'%o !o a&o !o stator. Esta > a ra+o a /%a o rotor ao&a'=a o a&o !o stator@ t+o r-i&o /%a'to r&ita& o s% so  a ar,a. O &otor ! i'!%+o t& orr't 'o rotor or i'!%+o@  > s&=a't a %& tra'sor&a!or o& s%'!rio ,ira't. O &otor ! i'!%+o ta&:>& > o'=i!o or &otor ass7'ro'o@ -ata&'t or '+o o!r %'io'ar 'a ?oi!a! s7'ro'a.  A o'str%+o !o stator !o &otor ! i'!%+o > ratia&'t i,%a Y !o stator !o &otor s7'ro'o@ &as os s%s rotors s+o o&ta&'t !ir'ts. O rotor !o &otor ! i'!%+o > %& ii'!ro a&i'a!o@ o& ra'=%ras 'a s%r7i. Os 'roa&'tos ooa!os 'ssas ra'=%ras o!& sr ! !ois tios O tio rotor ! ,aioa  rotor :o:i'a!o (o% rotor 'roa!o).

11

4#"#"# R!%!r *) /a!5a Co'sist ! :arras ! o:r@ ! ,ra'! s+o@ %'i!as & a!a -tr&i!a! or %& a' ! o:r o% ! :ro'. N+o = 'ssi!a! ! isoa&'to 'tr o 'o !o rotor  as :arras@ or/% as t'sWs i'!%i!as 'as :arras !o rotor  s+o &%ito :ai-as. O 'trrro 'tr o rotor  o stator > &%ito /%'o@ ara s o:tr a &-i&a i't'si!a! ! a&o.

"i,%ra X Rotor Gaioa "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

4#"#&# R!%!r B!;,a*! c '?o?i!o or %& 'roa&'to isoa!o s&=a't ao 'roa&'to !o stator. Os 'roa&'tos ! as !o rotor (trisio) s+o trai!os ara o -trior  atra?>s ! tr0s a'>is otors &o'ta!os so:r o i-o !o &otor. O 'roa&'to !o rotor '+o st i,a!o a ''=%&a o't ! ai&'ta+o. Os a'>is otors  as so?as o'stit%& si&s&'t %&a or&a ! s i,ar rsist0'ias ?ari?is -tr'as@ & s>ri@ o& o ir%ito !o rotor. As rsist0'ias ?ari?is (%&a ara a!a a' otor) roorio'a& %& &io ara a%&'tar a rsist0'ia !o rotor !%ra't a arti!a@ a i& ! &=orar s%as aratr7stias ! arti!a. %a'!o o &otor ati', s%a ?oi!a! 'or&a@ os 'roa&'tos s+o %rto$ir%ita!os  o %'io'a&'to assa a sr s&=a't ao ! %& rotor ! ,aioa. As rsist0'ias ?ari?is@ ta&:>& r&it& o'troar a orr't 'o rotor  a ?oi!a! !o &otor. 12

"i,%ra 6 Rotor 9o:i'a!o "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

4#"#4# 'r,ia!o atra?>s ! %&a ai&'ta+o trisia@ ria$s %& a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't. _ &!i!a /% o a&o ?arr os o'!%tors !o rotor@ > i'!%i!a %&a & 'sss o'!%tors oasio'a'!o o aari&'to ! %&a orr't >tria 'os o'!%tors. Os o'!%tors !o rotor@ rorri!os or orr't >tria@ i'tra,& o& o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't !o stator ara ro!%ir %& tor/% tro&a,'>tio /% at%a so:r os o'!%tors !o rotor a'!o$o ,irar. E'trta'to@ o&o o a&o !o stator ,ira o'ti'%a&'t@ o rotor '+o o's,% s ai'=ar o& . A ?oi!a! !o rotor > s&r &'or /% a ?oi!a! s7'ro'a (?oi!a! !o a&o ,ira't). No aso ! %& &otor ! i'!%+o@ a ?aria+o > a rota+o !o a&o !o stator@  a ora -ri!a so:r o rotor a ra+o 'tr o rotor  o a&o !o stator > ta /% t'ta a'ar o &o?i&'to o't7'%o !o a&o !o stator. Esta > a ra+o a /%a o rotor ao&a'=a o a&o !o stator@ t+o r-i&o /%a'to r&ita& o s% so  a ar,a. O &otor ! i'!%+o t& orr't 'o rotor or  i'!%+o@  > s&=a't a %& tra'sor&a!or o& s%'!rio ,ira't. c i&oss7? ara o rotor ! %& &otor ! i'!%+o ,irar o& a &s&a ?oi!a! !o a&o 13

&a,'>tio ,ira't. S as ?oi!a!s oss& i,%ais@ '+o =a?ria &o?i&'to rati?o 'tr s @ & o's/e0'ia@ '+o =a?ria & i'!%i!a 'o rotor. S& t's+o i'!%i!a '+o = o'B%,a!o (tor/%) a,i'!o so:r o rotor.  A ?oi!a! !o &otor ! i'!%+o ai@ o& ar,as sa!as. Ra&'t@ a'as /%'as ?ariaWs ! ?oi!a! s+o 'ssrias ara ro!%ir as ?ariaWs 'a orr't i'!%i!a ara at'!r Ys atraWs 'or&ais ! ar,a. A ra+o !isto > a rsist0'ia &%ito :ai-a !o 'roa&'to !o rotor (:arras ! o:r). ;or st &oti?o@ os &otors ! i'!%+o s+o o'si!ra!os &otors ! ?oi!a! o'sta't.

"i,%ra 18 Ra+o 'tr a ?oi!a! !o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't  a ?oi!a! !o rotor. "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

14

"i,%ra 11 ;ri'iio ! %'io'a&'to ! %& &otor ! i'!%+ o trisio "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

4#"#6# =)5!*a*) $9,r!,a ) )$!rr)/am),%! 4#"#7#  A ?oi!a! !o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't > =a&a!a ! ?oi!a! s7'ro'a !o &otor. Ca%a!a a -rss+o &at&tia

 Ns=

120. ' 

 P

o'! 's ^ ?oi!a! s7'ro'a o% ?oi!a! !o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't@ (r&)V  ^ r/e0'ia !a orr't !o stator o% r/e0'ia !a r! (ai&'ta+o)@ HV  ^ '&ro tota ! os.

4#"#># =)5!*a*) $9,r!,a ) )$!rr)/am),%! n % ( ) =ns − x 100  Ns

15

o'! S(f) ^ sorr,a&'to r't%a@ fV 'S ^ ?oi!a! s7'ro'a (o% ?oi!a! !o a&o ,ira't)@ r&V ' ^ ?oi!a! ! %'io'a&'to !o &otor (o% ?oi!a! !o rotor)@ r&.

4#"#?# Fr)2u3,a *! r!%!r   Fr % . '  =

o'! "r ^ r/%0'ia !o rotor (o% !a orr't i'!%i!a)@ HV  ^ r/%0'ia !o stator (o% !a t's+o !a r! ! ai&'ta+o)@ HV S ^ sorr,a&'to r't%a (srito 'a or&a !i&a).

4#"#@# E2ua1.! *! T!r2u) *! M!%!r  O tor/% ! %& &otor ! i'!%+o (&otor ass7'ro'o) !'!@ :asia&'t@ !a i't'si!a! !a i'tra+o 'tr os a&os !o rotor  !o stator@ rrs'ta!os a orr't !o rotor  a t's+o !o stator. T  ( . ∅ . ) r . cos ∅r =

!,*) T ^ tor/% !o rotor@ N.&V  ^ o'sta't /% !'! !os astos o'str%ti?os !a &/%i'aV ∅

 ) r

^ %-o !o a&o ,ira't !o stator@ i'=as ! %-o@ g:V ^ orr't !o rotor@ AV

cos ∅r

 ^ ator ! ot0'ia !o rotor.

4#"## C!mpara1.! ),%r) *8)r),%)$ %p!$ *) R!%!r 

1*

"i,%ra 13 Dir'a 'tr &otor '+o :o:i'a!o  &otor :o:i'a!o "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

4#& M!%!r)$ *) S9,r!,!$ Os &otors s7'ro'os oss%& aratr7stias siais $ O ato r'!i&'to $ Corr+o !o ator ! ot0'ia !a r!V $ Atos tor/%sV $ ]oi!a! o'sta't 'as ?ariaWs ! ar,a $ 9ai-o %sto ! &a'%t'+o. O &otor s7'ro'o r:% st 'o& or/% o s% rotor ,ira o& a &s&a ?oi!a! !o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't ro!%i!o 'o 'roa&'to trisio !o stator (?oi!a! s7'ro'a). O stator > 'r,ia!o o& %&a t's+o CA trisia o'! s ro!% %& a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't  st at%a so:r o rotor. O rotor !o &otor s7'ro'o > 'r,ia!o o& %&a t's+o CC@ s o&orta'!o o&o %& 7&+ s%s'so & %& a&o &a,'>tio /% s &o?@ ro%ra'!o s ai'=ar o& o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't !o stator. %a'!o o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira@ o rotor ,ira & si'ro'is&o o& o a&o. %a'!o o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't > ort@  -r %&a i't'sa ora ! tor+o so:r o rotor (tor/% o% o'B%,a!o)@  st@ orta'to@ s tor'a aa ! aio'ar %&a ar,a. 1

"i,%ra 14 otor S7'ro'o

 A ?oi!a! !o a&o &a,'>tio ,ira't !'! !a r/e0'ia !a r! CA. Co&o a r/e0'ia !a r! > o'sta't@ os &otors s7'ro'os s+o@ 'a rtia@ &otors ! %&a 'ia ?oi!a!. Es s+o %tiia!os & aiaWs /% r/%r& ?oi!a! o'sta't !s! a o'!i+o & ?aio at> a o'!i+o ! 'a ar,a. O:sr? /% & %& &otor s7'ro'o@ ora'!o a ?oi!a! s7'ro'a@ '+o = & i'!%i!a 'o rotor@ ois '+o = &o?i&'to rati?o 'tr o a&o ,ira't  o rotor. No &otor s7'ro'o '+o = ?aria+o 'a /%a'ti!a! !as i'=as ! %-o /% orta& os o'!%tors !o rotor (S ^ 8)

"i,%ra 15 Co&ara+o 'tr os &otors trisios ! i'!%+o  s7'ro'o "o't HENRIUE@ HcLIO F otors ! I'!%+o

1X

REFERÊNCIAS hTOR@ Ga%:r. Corr't Atr'a!a. Diso'7? & =ttJJjjj.i'osoa.o&Jtro&a,'tis&oJorr't$atr'a!aJ.k. Asso & 8 ! 'o?&:ro ! 2815. RI9EIRO@ T=ia,o. otors ! Corr't Atr'a!a. Diso'7? & =ttJJjjj.i'osoa.o&Jtro&a,'tis&oJ&otors$!$orr't$atr'a!ak.  Asso & 8X ! 'o?&:ro ! 2815. HALLIDA Rs'i  gar. "%'!a&'tos ! "7sia 3 F Etro&a,'tis&o F *l!i+o$ !itora LTC F Ca. 2X. SIL]A@ Co!oa!o. Gra!ors ! Corr't Atr'a!a. Diso'7? &  =ttJJjjj.%:!atro'ia.o&.:rJEtrii!a!J;D"JGra!orsf28AC.!k.  Asso & 11 ! 'o?&:ro ! 2815. HENRIUE@ H>io. /%i'as  A%to&a+o E>tria. Diso'7? &  =ttsJJ!o't.ir'.!%.:rJ=ioi'=iroJDisii'asJ&a/%i'as$$aio'a&'tos$ triosJa%a$!$&otors$triasios$!$ak. Asso & 11 ! 'o?&:ro ! 2815.

16