this gives a brief overview of structure of neurons with classification of nerves. It also explains the myelinogenesis and properties of the neurons. this helps in basic understanding of nerve phys...
Physiology MCQFull description
samplex on Physiology
Exercise Physiology
Descripción: Medical Physiology Lecture and Lab Guide
job interviews
respirationFull description
Physiology MCQ General physiology 1) Cell membrane a. form ormed enti entire rely ly of prot protei ein n mol molec ecul ules es
b. are are im imperm permea eabl blee to to fat fat solub oluble le subs substa tanc nces es
c. in some tissues permit permit transport of glucose at a greater rate in the presence of insulin
d. are not changed through out the life
Ans. c
2) The substance that contributes maximally to the osmolality inside the cell is a. protein
b. phosphate
c. urea
d. potassium
Ans. c
3) Proteins that are secreted by cells are generally a. not synthesized on ribosomes that are bound b ound b. are synthesized in the mitochondria to endoplasmic reticulum c. packed in the golgi apparatus
d. moves across the cell membrane by endocytosis
Ans. c
4) The uniue !eature in mitochondria is a. myosin
b. actin
c. DNA
d. prothrombin
Ans. c
") The resting membrane potential o! a cell a. is dependant on the permeability permeability of the cell
b. falls to zero if Na+/K+ Na+/K+ ATase in membrane membrane
membrane to K+ being greater to Na+
is inhibited
c. is e!ual to the the e!uilibr e!uilibrium ium potential potential for K+ K+
d. is e!ual to the the e!uilibri e!uilibrium um potentia potentiall of Na+
Ans. a
#) The somatic cells containing the !ull complement o! 4# chromosomes in their nuclei$ containing all the genes necessary !or carrying out the cell acti%ities are called a. autosomes
b. haploid cells
c. allosomes
d. diploid cells
Ans. d
&) 'n some cases (M is due to a. e"cessive receptors c. deficiency of receptors for e"tra cellular proteins
b. antibodies against receptors d. deficiency of nucleotide regulatory # proteins
Ans. b
) Many substances are remo%ed !rom the cell to outside by a. pinocytosis
b. chemota"is
c. phagocytosis
c. e"ocytosis
Ans. d
*) +xcessi%e !ormation o! a substance, secretion in the body is controlled in order to maintain homeostasis by a. +ve feedback mechanism
b. $ve feedback mechanism
c. osmosis
d. haemodynamics
Ans. b
1- ) .n action potential in a ner%e a. is terminated by influ" of Na+ e"cessive
b. is terminated by efflu" of K+
membrane to K+ being greater to Na+
is inhibited
c. is e!ual to the the e!uilibr e!uilibrium ium potential potential for K+ K+
d. is e!ual to the the e!uilibri e!uilibrium um potentia potentiall of Na+
Ans. a
#) The somatic cells containing the !ull complement o! 4# chromosomes in their nuclei$ containing all the genes necessary !or carrying out the cell acti%ities are called a. autosomes
b. haploid cells
c. allosomes
d. diploid cells
Ans. d
&) 'n some cases (M is due to a. e"cessive receptors c. deficiency of receptors for e"tra cellular proteins
b. antibodies against receptors d. deficiency of nucleotide regulatory # proteins
Ans. b
) Many substances are remo%ed !rom the cell to outside by a. pinocytosis
b. chemota"is
c. phagocytosis
c. e"ocytosis
Ans. d
*) +xcessi%e !ormation o! a substance, secretion in the body is controlled in order to maintain homeostasis by a. +ve feedback mechanism
b. $ve feedback mechanism
c. osmosis
d. haemodynamics
Ans. b
1- ) .n action potential in a ner%e a. is terminated by influ" of Na+ e"cessive
b. is terminated by efflu" of K+
receptors c. is initiated by efflu" of Na+
d. is initiated by influ" of K+
Ans. b
11)/ 11)/ Milieu interior / is a term introduced by a. %aplace
b. &oyle
c. 'laud &ernard
d. %ansteiner
Ans. c
12) .n example o! co0transport is a. Na+$K+ pump
b. 'a++ pump
c. Na+$ (+ pump
d. Na+ glucose transport
Ans.d
er%e Muscle 1) hich o! the !olloing has sloest conduction a. A alpha
b. A gamma
c. & fibres
d. ' fibres
Ans. d
2) . man !alls into deep sleep ith one arm under his head .!ter aa5ening the arm is paraly6ed but tingling sensation and pain sensation persists This loss o! motor !unction ithout the loss o! sensory !unction is due to a. A fibres fibres are more susceptible to hypo"ia that b. A fibres are more sensitive to pressure pressure than ' & c. ' fibres are more sensitive to pressure than A
d. )ensory nerves are nearer bone and hence affected by pressure
Ans. b
3) 7altatory conduction a. is seen only in myelinated nerve fibres
b. is slo*er that non saltatory conduction
c. is not affected if a local anesthetic is applied d. none of the above to the node of anvier Ans. a
4) Myelin sheath is produced by a. a"oplasm
b. mitochondria
c. sca*ann cell
d. muscle cell
Ans. c
") The action potential o! s5eletal muscle a. has a prolonged plateau phase
b. spreads in*ards to all parts of the muscle via T tubules
c. is longer than the action potential of cardiac muscle
d. is not essential for muscle conduction
Ans. b
#) 7mooth muscle need help o! a. calmodulin for contraction
b. acetyl choline for contraction
c.K+ for contraction
d. monoamine o"idase for contraction
Ans. a
&) The cross bridges o! the sarcomere in s5eletal muscle are components o! a. actin
b. myosin
c. troponin
d. tropomyosin
Ans. b
) The li5ely mechanism through hich neostigmine acts in impro%ing muscular ea5ness is a. ,t blocks action of acetylcholine c. it enhances the action of catecholamines
b. it interferes *ith action of mono$amine o"idase d. it blocks the action of acetyl choline esterase
Ans. d
*) . s5eletal muscle a. obeys all or none phenomenon
b. becomes less e"citable *hen its membrane becomes hyperpolarized
c. has a resting membrane potential positive inside
d. contains e"cessive Na+ in intracellular compartment
Ans. a
1-) The !unction o! tropomyosin in s5eletal muscle is0 a. sliding on actin to produce shortening
b. eleasing 'a++ after initiation of contraction
c. binding to myosin during contraction
d. covering up the actin binding sites of myosin at rest
Ans. d
8lood 1) The number o! oxygen molecules carried by one 9b molecule a. -
b.
c.
d. 0
Ans. c
2) .rneth count is counting o! a. lymphocytes
b. lobes of eosinophils
c. lobes of neutrophils
d. reticulocytes
Ans. c
3) Ma:ority o! clotting !actors are produced in a. liver
b. kidney
c. heart
d. brain
Ans. a
4) +ndothelial cells synthesise a. fibrinogen
b. factor 0
c. factor -1
d. factor -
Ans. b
") 'ron is stored in the body in the !olloing except a. spleen
b. .2. system
c. gall bladder
d. bone marro*
Ans. c
#) Cellular immunity is due to a. & lymphocytes
b. T lymphocytes
c. neutrophils
d. eosinophils
Ans. b
&) .ction o! plasmin is a. to remove calcium
b. antithrombin action
c. to stimulate heparin
d. to degenerate fibrin
Ans. d
) ;smotic pressure o! plasma is mainly maintained by a. albumin
b. alpha globulin
c. beta globulin
d. gamma globulin
Ans. a
*) hich is the most rare blood group a. A h+
b. A& h+
c. A& h$
d. & h$
Ans. c
1-) 9ematocrit o! 4"< means that in the sample o! blood analysed a. 34 (b is in the plasma
b. 34 of total blood volume is made up of plasma
c. 34 of (b is in the &'
d. 34 of the total blood volume is made up of &'5s and 6&'5s
Ans. d
11) The normal .,G ratio in blood is a. -7
b. 7-
c. -78
d. 87-
Ans. b
12) hich o! the !olloing statements concerning the monocyte is incorrect a. more common in blood than eosinophils and b. produced in the adult by the bone marro* basophils and lymph nodes c. unlike neutrophil does not accumulate outside circulation in area of inflammation Ans. c
d. not classified as a granulocyte
13) The normal non !asting blood 5etone le%el is
a. 1.- $ 1.3 mg4
b. 1.3$ mg4
c. $ -1 mg 4
d. -11 $ 311 mg4
Ans. c
Cardio %ascular system 1) 7. node is the pacema5er o! heart because o! a. location in the right atrium
b. neural control
c. natural leakiness to Na+
d. Natural leakiness to k+
Ans. c
2) .bsolute re!ractory period in the heart a. corresponds to the duration of rela"ation
b. lasts till half of cardiac contraction
c. shorter than refractory period in skeletal muscle
d. lasts till cardiac contraction
Ans. d
3) =irst heart sound occurs during the period o! a. isometric rela"ation
b. isotonic rela"ation
c. isovolumetric contraction
d. isovolumetric rela"ation
Ans. c
4) hich o! these %essels does not ha%e sympathetic control a. cerebral
b. splanchnic
c. cardiac
d. cutaneous
Ans. a
") 8lood brain barrier is made up o! a. astrocytes
b. oligodendrocytes
c. oligodendroglia
d. microglia
Ans. a
#) Positi%e bathmotropic e!!ect on heart is produced by a. stimulation of vagus nerve
b. stimulation of sympathetic nerves
c. atropin
d. sectioning of vagus
Ans. b
&) Mary>s la denotes relationship beteen heart and a. contractility and conductivity
b. rate and contraction
c. rate and &
d. contraction and &
Ans. c
) hich o! the !olloing conducting systems has the sloest conducting %elocity a. )AN
b. atrial muscle
c. purkin9e fibres
d. A:N
Ans. c
*) 'n heart$ ithin physiological limits the !orce o! contraction is directly proportional to the a. pacemaker activity
b. a$v nodal delay
c. initial length of the cardiac muscle
d. respiratory rate
Ans. c
1-) The diacrotic notch on aortic pressure cur%e is caused by a. closure of mitral valve
b. closure of tricuspid valve
c. closure of atrial valve
d. closure of pulmonary valve
Ans. c
11) The P? inter%al o! +CG corresponds to a. ventricular repolarization
b. ventricular repolarization
c. atrial repolarization and conduction through d. repolarization of A: node and bundle of (is A: node Ans. c
12) 'ncreased %agal tone causes a. hypertension
b. tachycardia
c. bradycardia
d. increase in cardiac output
Ans. c
13) hich o! the !olloing is not increased during exercise a. )troke volume
b. total peripheral resistance
c. systolic &
d. heart rate
Ans. b
14) hich o! the !olloing ta5es longest time to return to normal a!ter 1@ o! blood is remo%ed !rom a normal indi%idual a. number of &'5s in peripheral blood
b. plasma volume
c. renin secretion
d. blood pressure
Ans. a
1") hen a pheochromocytoma suddenly discharges a large amount o! epinephrine into the circulation the patients heart rate ould be expected to
a. increase because epinephrine has a direct chronotropic effect on the heart
b. increase because of increased parasympathetic discharge to the heart
c. decrease because the increase in blood pressure stimulates the carotid and aortic baroreceptors
d. decrease because of increased tonic parasympathetic discharge to heart
Ans. a
1#) 'n a patient ith mitral stenosis one ould expect to hear a. continuous murmur
b. a systolic murmur loudest over the base of heart
c. a diastolic murmur loudest over the ape" of heart
d. a diastolic murmur loudest over the base of heart
Ans. c
1&) The >s> a%e in +CG is belo isoelectric line because o! a. repolarization of ventricles c. depolarisation of ape" of heart
b. change in direction of the impulse *hen the base of the ventricles are getting depolarised d. repolarisation of ape" of heart
Ans. b
1) hich o! the !olloing is least li5ely to cause hypertension a. chronically increased secretion of adrenal medulla
b. treatment *ith ;'
c. chronically increased secretion of thyroid gland
d. chronically increased secretion by zona glomerulosa of adrenal corte"
Ans. c
1*) @ymph !lo !rom the !oot is a. increased *hen an individual rises from the b. increased by massaging the foot supine to standing position c. increased *hen capillary permeability is decreased
d. decreased by e"ercise
Ans. b
2-) The pressure in the radial artery is determined by a. the degree of constriction of brachial vein c. pressure in the hepatic portal vein
b. the rate of discharge in sympathetic nerve fibres to the arm d. pressure in the brachial vein
Ans. b
21) The >T> a%e in +CG is abo%e the isoelectric line because o! a. depolarisation of ventricles
b. depolarisation of bundle of (is
c. change in the direction of repolarisation from d. repolarisation of purkin9e fibres the *ave of depolarization of the ventricles Ans. c
?espiratory system 1) 'n Caissons disease pain in the :oints and muscles is due to a. formation of N bubbles
b. formation of '; bubbles
c. due to fatigue
d. due to increase in barometric pressure
Ans. a
2) ormal %alue o! =+A1 in an adult is a. <34
b. 014
c. =34
d. 314
Ans. b
3) The most important gas maintaining al%eolar %entilation is a. o"ygen
b. hydrogen
c. carbon dio"ide
d. N
Ans. c
4) 9yperbaric oxygen is use!ul in all except a. congenital heart disease
b. gas gangrene
c. '; poisoning
d. N to"icity
Ans. d
") .dministration o! ;2 is o! %alue in all except a. cytoto"ic hypo"ia
b. stagnant hypo"ia
c. anaemic hypo"ia
d. histoto"ic hypo"ia
Ans. d
#) .s one ascends to higher than 3---meters abo%e sea le%el changes in al%eolar P;2 and PC;2 are as !ollos a. decrease in ;> increase in ';
b. decrease in ;> decrease in ';
c. increase in both ; and ';
d. increase in ;> decrease in ';
Ans. b
&) 7ur!actant is secreted by a. type - pneumatocytes
b. type pneumatocytes
c. goblet cells
d. pulmonary vessels
Ans. a
) hich o! the !olloing e!!ects is not obser%ed during prolonged stay is space a. decrease in blood volume
b. decrease in muscle strength
c. increase in red cell mass
d. loss of bone mass
Ans. c
*) hich o! the !olloing discharge spontaneously during uiet breathing a. stretch receptors in lung
b. motor neurons in respiratory muscles
c. dorsal respiratory group of neurons
d. ventral respiratory group of neurons
Ans. c
1-) Pneumatic center !unctions primarily to a. limit inspiration
b. prolong e"piration
c. decrease rate
d. discharge inspiratory action potentials
Ans.a
11) hich o! the !olloing is the e!!ect o! negati%e G on the eye a. temporary blinding *ith redout
b. blackout of vision *ithin fe* seconds
c. no effect
d. redout and blackout
Ans. a
12) .iray resistance a. increases in asthama
b. decreases in emphysema
c. increases in paraplegic patients
d. does not affect *ork of breathing
Ans. a
13) (ecrease on PC;2$ decrease in 9B and increased P;2 causes a. hyperventilation
b. hypoventilation
c. hypercapnoea
d. hypo"ia
Ans. b
14) 9erring08reur in!lation re!lex in human being a. decreases the rate of respiration c. is an important factor in normal control of
b. is not activated until the tidal volume increases above -.3 lit d. is activated only *hen tidal volume is les
ventilation
than - lit.
Ans. b
1") Total %ital capacity is decreased but timed %ital capacity is normal in a. bronchial asthama
b. scoliosis
c. chronic bronchitis
d. all the above
Ans. b
1#) The intrapleural pressure at the end o! deep inspiration is a. $ mm (g
b. + mm (g
c. $ =mm hg
d. + = mm (g
Ans. a
G'T 1) hich o! the !olloing are incorrectly paired a. pancreatic alpha amylase$starch
b. elastase$tissue rich in elastin
c. renin$coagulated milk
d. erythropeptidase$polypeptides
Ans. d
2) .ll are G'T hormones except a. cholecystokinin
b. gastrin
c. secretin
d. erythropoietin
Ans. d
3) 'ron is absorbed in
a. stomach
b. duodenum
c. 9e9unum
d. ileum
Ans. b
4) 'n in!ants$ de!ecation o!ten !ollos a meal The cause o! colonic contractions in this situation is a. gastro$ileal refle"
b. increased circulating levels of ''K
c. gastrocolic refle"
d. enterogastric refle"
Ans. c
") hich o! the !olloing has highest ph a. gastric 9uice
b. pancreatic 9uice
c. bile in #&
d. secretions of intestinal glands
Ans. b
#) Man is unable to digest a. de"trin
b. glucose
c. cellulose
d. glycogen
Ans. c
&) 7teatorrhoea may be caused by all !actors except a. pancreatectomy
b. gastrin secreting hormone
c. resection of distal ileum
d. hemolytic 9aundice
Ans. d
) ormal salloing is dependant on the integrity o! the a.
b. pyramidal tract
c. trigeminal nerve
d. appetite center of hypothalamus
Ans. a
*) 7ecretion o! intrinsic !actor occurs in a. parietal cells of stomach
b. chief cells of stomach
c. upper abdomen
d. alpha cells of pancreas
Ans. b
1-) 'n hich o! the !olloing is absorption o! ater greatest a. colon
b. 9e9unum
c. duodenum
d. stomach
Ans. b
11) 7ecretin is released by a. acid in duodenum
b. acid in stomach
c. cells in the liver
d. distention of colon
Ans. a
12) hich o! the !olloing ould not be produced by total pancreatectomy a. hyperglycaemia
b. metabolic acidosis
c. *eight gain
d. decreased absorption of amino acids
Ans. c
13) Ait ( is essential !or normal a. fat absorption
b. 'a absorption
c. AD( secretion
d. protein absorption
Ans. b
14) Gastrin secretion is increased by a. acid in the lumen of stomach
b. distension of stomach
c. increased circulating levels of secretin
d. vagotomy
Ans. b
1") 7ali%a is responsible !or all +C+PT a. helps in deglutition
b. prevents dental caries
c. is essential for complete digestion of starch
d. prevents decalcification of the teeth
Ans. c
C7 1) @esions o! hich o! the !olloing nuclei cause hypothalamic obesity a. ventromedial nucleus
b. dorsomedial nucleus
c. suprachiasmatic nucleus
d. supraoptic nucleus
Ans. a
2) The +P7P a. is an all or none response to a presynaptic potential
b. can be temporarily summated during repetitive presynaptic stimulation
c. al*ays initiates an action potential
d. lasts only for the duration of presynaptic action potential
Ans. b
3) =olloing statements are true !or dopamine except a. it is related to arkinsonism
b. it is found in the cells uninhibited by Ach in basal ganglia
c. it is one of the endogenous opiates from 'N)
d. it cannot be replaced in 'N) from dietary dopamine
Ans. c
4) @oss o! !ear and emotion is o!ten obser%ed in the lesion at
a. septal nucleus
b. thalamus
c. amygdaloidal nucleus
d. sensory corte"
Ans. c
") The ?ensha cell a. receive recurrent collaterals from motor neurons and inhibit other motor neurons in the b. is the inhibitory system of cerebellum vicinity c. are a ma9or component of muscle spindle
d. are present in retina
Ans. a
#) Premotor cortex re!ers to a. some areas anterior to primary motor corte" b. an area of motor corte" responsible for causing comple" co$ordinate movements like voluntary movements speech> eye movements c. an area in temporal corte"
d. an area of cerebellum
Ans. a
&) =unctions o! limbic system are all +C+PT a. olfaction
b. gustation
c. feeding behaviour
d. se"ual behaviour
Ans. b
) ?+M is a. characterised by delta *aves on 2'#
b. a sound and dreamless sleep
c. characterised by total lack of muscular activity
d. referred to as parado"ical sleep
Ans. d
*) 7leep depri%ation
a. can cause psychotic episodes
b. is associated *it sluggishness of thoughts
c. makes a person more alert
d. has no effect on the individual
Ans. a
1-) The sympathetic system a. has short post ganglionic fibres
b. consists of vagus nerve
c. produces nicotine at its nerve endings
d. has a thoraco$lumbar outflo* from the spinal cord
Ans. d
11) Aisceral pain a. sho*s relatively rapid adaptation
b. is mediated by beta fibres in dorsal root of spinal nerves
can sometimes be relieved by applying irritant to skin
can be produced by prolonged stimulation of touch receptors
Ans. c
12) The na5ed ner%e endings are responsible !or the sensation o! a. pain
b. touch
c. hearing
d. vision
Ans. a
13) hen a normally inner%ated s5eletal muscle is stretched the initial response is contraction$ ith increase in the stretch sudden relaxation occurs because o! a. decrease in gamma efferent discharge
b. inhibition of the discharge from annulospiral endings of afferent nerve fibres
decreased activity of afferent nerve fibres from d. increased activity of afferent nerve fibres golgi tendon organs from golgi tendon organs Ans. d
14) .!ter anterolateral cordotomy relie! o! pain is due to interruption o!
a. left dorsal column
left ventral spinothalamic tract
c. right lateral spinothalamic tract
left lateral spinothalamic tract
Ans. d
1") Parasympathetic system a. has short preganglionic fibres
b. secretes dopamine
c. controls most of the movements and secretions of gut
d. brings increase in heart rate during e"ercise
Ans. c
1#) 'n a health adult sitting ith eyes closed the ++G rhythm obser%ed ith electrodes on occipital lobes a. alpha
b. theta
c. delta
d. beta
Ans. a
1&) The basal ganglia are primarily concerned ith a. sensory integration
b. short term memory
c. control of movement
d. neuroendocrine control
Ans. c
1) 'nterruption o! motor pathays in the internal capsule on one side causes a. spastic paralysis on the same side
b. spastic paralysis on the opposite side
c. flaccid paralysis on the same side
d. flaccid paralysis on the opposite side
Ans.b
1*) the extrapyramidal system is not concerned ith a. stretch refle"
b. righting refle"
c. spasticity
d. sensation of viscera
Ans. d
2-) .!ter !alling don !rom a staircase a young oman is !ound to ha%e partial loss o! %oluntary mo%ement on the right side o! the body and loss o! pain and temperature sensation on the le!t side belo the mid0thoracic region The probable site o! lesion is a. transection of the right half of the spinal cord b. transection of the left side of the spinal cord in the upper thoracic region in the upper thoracic region transection of sensory and motor path*ays on the right side of the pons
d. transection of the left half of the spinal cord in the lumbar region
Ans. a
21) Thirst is stimulated by a. increase in plasma osmolality and volume
increase in plasma osmolality and decrease in volume
c. decrease in osmolality and increase in volume
d. decrease in plasma osmolality and volume
Ans. d
22)@esions o! hich o! the !olloing hypothalamic nuclei cause loss o! circadian rhythm a. ventromedial
b. dorsomedial
c. suprachiasmatic
d. supraoptic
Ans.c
23) ormal blood !lo to the brain is a. greatly modified by vasomotor control
b. about -31ml/min
c. about ?31ml/min
d. greatly increased during e"ercise
Ans.c
24) ?etrograde amnesia a. is abolished by prefrontal lobectomy
b. responds to drugs that block dopamine
receptors c. is commonly precipitated by a blo* on the head
d. is commonly precipitated by ageing
Ans. c
2") on !luent aphasia is produced by lesion o! a. &rocas area
b. angular gyrus
c. parietal lobe
d. frontal lobe
Ans. b
+ndocrinology 1) . meal rich in proteins but lo in carbohydrates does not cause hypoglycaemia because a. glucagon secretion is stimulated by meals
b. the meal causes compensatory increase in T secretion
c. cortisol in circulation prevents glucose from d. the amino acids in the meal are converted to entering the muscles glucose Ans. a
2) hich o! the !olloing is incorrectly paired a. beta cells$insulin
b. @ cells$ gastrin
c. delta cells$ somatostatin
d. alpha cells$ glucagon
Ans. b
3) .!ter intra%enous administration o! a large dose o! insulin$ the return o! a lo blood sugar le%el to normal is delayed by a. thyroto"icosis
b. glucagon deficiency
c. diabetes
d. parathormone deficiency
Ans. b
4 ) 'nsulin increases entry o! glucose into b. the mucosa of the small intestine a. renal tubule
c. neurons of motor corte"
d. skeletal muscle cells
Ans. d
") Glucagon is not normally !ound in the a. brain
b. pancreas
c. git
d. adrenal glands
Ans. d
# ) hich o! the !olloing is ;T produced by physiological amounts o! glucocorticoids a. maintenance of normal vascular reactivity
b. inhibition of inflammatory response
c. increased e"cretion of a *ater load
d. inhibition of A'T( secretion
Ans. b
&) Cortisol increases blood glucose le%el by a. increasing lipolysis
b. increasing protein synthesis in muscles
c. increasing gluconeogenesis
d.increasing gro*th hormone secretion
Ans. c
) +pinephrine and norepinephrine a. are amino acids
b. are both secreted by neurons in the autonomic nervous system
c. are polypeptides
d. both activate alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
Ans. d
*) . decrease in extracellular %olume is expected to cause increased secretion o! all except a. vasopressin
b. renin
c. thyro"in
d. A'T(
Ans. c
1-) . patient ith parathyroid de!iciency 1- days a!ter thyroidectomy ill sho a. a lo* plasma phosphate and 'a++ levels and b. a lo* plasma 'a++ levels> increased tetanus muscular e"citability and Trousseaus sign c. high plasma phosphate and 'a++ and bone demineralization
d. increased muscular e"citability> high plasma 'a++ and bone demineralization
Ans. b
11) hich o! the !olloing is not in%ol%ed in regulation o! plasma CaBB le%els a. kidneys
b. skin
c. lungs
d. intestine
Ans. c
12) CaBB plays an important role in !olloing biological processes except a. o"ygen utilization
b. contraction of cardiac muscle
c. contraction of skeletal muscle
d. blood coagulation
Ans. a
13) +piphyseal closure is regulated by a. calcitonin
b. somatomedins
c. ->3 dihydro"y cholecalciferol
d. thyro"ine
Ans. b
14) hich o! the !olloing pituitary hormones is a polypeptide a. )(
b. A'Th
c. beta $ endorphin
d. gro*th hormone
Ans. c
1") Groth hormone acts directly on a. stimulation of protein synthesis
b. stimulation of cartilage formation
c. elevation of &)%
d. stimulation of bone formation
Ans. c
1#) 9ypopituitarism is characteri6ed by a. infertility
b. intolerance to heat
c. *eight gain
d. e"cessive gro*th of the soft tissue
Ans. a
1&) +xcessi%e groth hormone secretion in adults causes a. acromegaly
b. gigantism
c. increased entry of glucose in muscles
d. hypothyroidism
Ans. a
1) .ngiotensin increases blood pressure by acting on the !olloing +C+PT a. aldosteron secretion
b. vascular smooth muscle
c. parasympathetic nervous system
d. sympathetic nervous system
Ans. c
1*) +rythropoietin a. contains iron
b. has no effect on 6&' count
c. stimulates renin secretion
d. increases half life of &'
Ans. b
2-) 7omatostatin a. inhibits insulin and glucagoon release
b. stimulates insulin and glucagon release
c. stimulator of glucagon release
d. acts as obesity hormone
Ans. a
21) Thyroid hormone stored in the lumen o! !ollicles is in the !orm o! a. free T8
b. free T
c. attached to thyroglobulin in the gland
d. attached to thyroid binding globulin
Ans. c
22) 7ecretion o! groth hormone a. increases during 2 sleep
b. increases during e"ercise
c. increases during starvation
d. increases during N2 sleep
Ans. d
23) .trial natriuretic peptide brings a. afferent arteriolar constriction in kidney
b. efferent arteriolar consrtiction in kidney
c. increases renin secretion
d. constriction of mesangial cells
Ans. b
24) Thyroid binding globulins are normal in a. hyperthyroidism
b. pregnancy
c. parents treated *ith glucocorticoids
d. parents treated *ith estrogens
Ans. a
2") 'n star%ation hich o! the !olloing is reduced
a. plasma T
b. plasma T8
c. reverse tri$iodothyro"ine
d. D thyro"ine
Ans. b
2#) 9ypothyroidism is associated ith increased le%els o! a. cholesterol
b. albumin
c. T
d. iodine
Ans. a
2&) The metabolic rate is least a!!ected by an increase in the plasma le%els o! a. T)(
b. T(
c. T
d. none of the above
Ans. c
2) The coupling o! mono iodotyrosine and di0iodotyrosine and the iodination o! thyroglobin is bloc5ed by a. T)(
b. T(
c. iodine
d. thiocarbamides such as propylthiouracil
Ans. d
2*) Parathyroid hormone a. decreases 'a++ mobilization of bone
b. increases 'a++ mobilization from bone
c. decreases circulating levels of free 'a++
d. increases urinary e"cretion of 'a++
Ans. b
3-) Thyrocalcitonin a. is secreted by thyroid
b. is secreted by hypothalamus
c. is secreted by parathyroid
d. increases 'a++ absorption by stomach
Ans. a
?eproducti%e 7ystem 1) Testosterone is secreted by a. sertoli cells of testis
b. cells of adrenal medulla
c. cells of hypothalamus
d. leydig cells of testis
Ans. d
2) Temporary methods o! birth control hich are best suited to pre%ent transmission o! disease are a. ,BD
b. spermatocides
c .condom
d. u 0=
Ans. c
3) Cryptorchidism means a. descent of testis
b. hypogonadism
c. hyperfunction of the testis
d. undescended testis
Ans. d
4) .ndrogen binding protein is produced by a. adrenals
b. hypothalamus
c. sertoli cells
d. leydig cells
Ans. c
") .ll o! the !olloing are produced by the corpus leuteum except a. estrogens
b. progesteron
c. rela"in
d. @.).(.
Ans. d
#) The testis is 5ept at a temperature o! 203 degrees C belo core temperature due to a. contraction of cremasteric muscle c. contraction of internal obli!ue muscle
b. contraction of dartos muscle d. rela"ation of cremasteric muscle and due to position of the testis outside the pelvic cavity
Ans. d
&) +arly detection o! pregnancy depends on detection o! a. @)(
b. progesteron
c. %(
d. ('#
Ans. d
) 7econdary amenorrhoea can most commonly be caused in the !olloing conditions +C+PT a. age above =1 years
b. stress
c. pregnancy
d. competitive athletes
Ans. a
*) 'n the !irst 2- ee5s o! pregnancy$ placental !unction is best assessed by urinary a. pregnanediol
b. pregnanetriol
c. chorionic gonadotropin
d. estriol
Ans. c
1-) 8est method !or diagnosing !etal lung maturity is a. clinical e"amination
b. ultrasonography
c. amniocentesis
d. fetal kick counts
Ans. c
11) =ull lung maturity is indicated by @,7 ratio a. 7-
b. 87-
c. 7-
d. 37-
Ans. a
12) The best method to diagnose ?h sensiti6ation in the mother is a. direct coombs test
b. indirect coombs test
c. 5c5 antigen
d. 5a5 antigen
Ans. b
13) 'nhibin is secreted by a. graffian follicle
b. corpus leuteum
c. endometrium
d. placenta
Ans. a
14) Maximal rise in the le%els o! prolactin are seen in a. at term
b. after delivery
c. during lactation only
d. none of the above
Ans.a
1") ;estrogens are gi%en in high doses to the mother to suppress lactation in a. cleft palate in child
b. highly obese mother
c. to prevent transmission of communicable disease like (,: