Zueärfo JRXZO MB ^FI]RXD BE EDMBFXD B MÆJOR^DCB DRKD 4 ^FI]RXD BE EDMBFXD Fitromuãêo Gdkdimo mb Drtbsdidto ^kdjds mb EMG Edtbrfdk mb ]rdhdklo Dtbkfà ^fiturd be Edmbfrd ^dsso d ^dsso ‚ Orcdif Orcdifzdãêo zdãêo md ebsd mb trdhdk trdhdklo lo ^dsso d ^dsso ‚ ^rojbm ^rojbmfebitos febitos pdmròbs mb pfiturd be edmbfr edmbfrd d ^dsso d ^dsso ‚ Kdvdcbe b joisbrvdãêo mos pfijæfs ^dsso d ^dsso ‚ ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjor mbjordãêo dãêo joe jdrfeho pdrd drtbsdidto drtbsdidto ^dsso d pdsso ‚ ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjordãêo joe rbkbvos b jldtois ^dsso d pdsso ‚ ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjord mbjordãêo ãêo joe dmbsfvos ^dsso d pdsso ‚ ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjord mbjordãêo ãêo joe bstàijfk Wb`d sb Dprbimbu
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro Dmefifstrdãêo Kufz Gbridimo Mfifz Idso @osæ Jdrkos Mfifz Idso Fiàs Mfifz Idso Cbrbitb Cbrdk Eombsto ^ditdkæd Mfrbãêo mb Drtb Jdrkos Bmudrmo ^. Idso Dssfstbitb @uråmfjd Xdgdbkd Idso
Mfrbtord Cbrdk Frbib Xomrfcubs mb Okfvbfrd ]bfxbfrd Xfhbfro Joormbidãêo Mfmätfjd Joormbidãêo Sdkmoefro Xbjjlf Gotocrdgfd Gbkfpb Jdvdkjditf Aús Zfkvbfrd Jdepos Dutor Kåmfd Jrfstfid Eucidfif Coizdkbz
^romuãêo Edrjos ^rdmo mb Jdrvdklo
Bmftordãêo Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Fedcbis Dkbxdimrb Eorsfkkd
Feprbssêo FRHXD - Fimðstrfd Crägfjd b Bmftord Ktmd. Xomovfd Bstdmudk Hoftuvd - Fpbrú, ae 4,4 Jdepos mb Hoftuvd - Hoftuvd - Z^ JB^ 4<22>->>>
Xbvfsêo Xosbkf Didstäjfo Zfkvd Edrjfd Eorbfrd mb Jdrvdklo
]omos os mfrbftos sêo rbsbrvdmos. Iêo æ pbreftfmd d rbpromuãêo totdk ou pdrjfdk mbstb jurso.
DRKD 4 ^FI]RXD BE EDMBFXD
Do fifjfd fifjfdrr bstb jurso, vojà `ä mbu ue crdimb pdsso pdrd o sbu guturo progfssfoidk. ^orr fs ^o fsso so,, mb mbsb sb`d `deo eoss qu qub b tb tbil ild d ue út útfe feo o dprbimfzdmo b dprovbftdebito.
Fitromuãêo D pfiturd be edmbfrd æ eufto projurdmd dtudkebitb joeo dtfvfmdmb rbitävbk, joe d possfhfkfmdmb mb sb rbdkfzdr euftos trdhdklos be pbãds joe gfhrds mb edmbfrd mbioefidmds EMG. Joe euftd jrfdtfvfmdmb, æ possåvbk behbkbzdr euftds mbssds pbãds joe ued mbtbrefidmd tæjifjd b gdzbr mfsso sud progfssêo, d qudk sbeprb bstbvb be dktd, prfijfpdkebitb qudimo qud imo jlb jlbcd cd dkc dkcued ued mdt mdtd d joe joebeo beordt rdtfvd fvd joeo Mfd mds Eêbs, Idtdk, difvbrsärfo, hdtfzdmo btj., pdrd prbsbi prbsbitbdr tbdr dqubkd pbssod bspbjfdk joe ued pbãd bxjkusfvd. Zdhbimo mfsto, o Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfr kb fro o fi fifj fjfd fd ed edfs fs ue ju jurs rso o id är ärbd bd mb dr drtb tbsd sdid idto to,, o qu qudk dk bi bisf sfid id os pr proj ojbm bmfe febi bito toss pd pdrd rd rb rbdk dkfz fzdr dr tæ tæjjifjds mb pfiturd b mbjordãêo be pbãds mb EMG joeo pätfid, rbkbvo, jldpfsjdmo btj., dtrdvæs mo eætomo pdsso d pdsso, fijkufimo d mæjoupdcb, eufto prbsbitb io drtbsdidto. ]dehæe bisfidrbeos joeo sbr ue progfssfoidk dutýioeo pdrd fifj fi fjfd fdrr sb sbu u pr prúp úprf rfo o ib ibcú cújf jfo o id är ärbd bd mb dr drtb tbsd sdid idto to.. Ibssd prfebfrd dukd, mdrbeos ds figoredãòbs ãò bsbs bssb sbij ijfd fdfs fs so sohr hrb b d pf pfit itur urd d be ed edmb mbfrfrd d jo joe ed dprb dp rbsb sbit itdã dãêo êo mo ed edtb tbrfrfdk dk hä häsf sfjo jo pd pdrd rd fi fifj fjfd fdrr o tr trddhdkl hd klo o b, pb pbko ko eæ eæto tomo mo pd pdss sso o d pd pdss sso, o, bi bisf sfid idrb rbeo eoss d prbpdrdr pbãds mb EMG ditbs mb rbdkfzdr d pfiturd, tur d, dkæ dkæe e mb dkc dkcued uedss mbj mbjord ordãò ãòbs bs häs häsfjd fjdss jo joeo eo o uso mo jdrfeho, dmbsfvos btj. Os bkbebitos qub joepòbe o edtbrfdk mb trdhdklo, hdsfjdebitb, sbrêo os ebseos id edforfd mos projbmfebitos mbssb jurso, djrbsjbitdimo-sb outros bkbebitos mb dj djor ormo mo jo joe e d tæ tæji jifj fjd d dp dprb rbsb sbit itdm dmd. d. Zbeprb æ hoe, mbpofs mo dprbimfzd dprbimfzdmo, mo, husjdr fispfrdãêo b trbfidr hdstditb joe o pfijbk b o uso mds jorbs `uito joe dkcued tæjifjd be pbãds mb EMG. Dssfe, o dkuio tbrä edfs prätfjd b joigfdiãd do rbdkfzdr ue trdhdklo pdrd ue jkfbitb. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gdkdimo mb Drtbsdidto O qub æ drtbsdidto? Drtbsdi dto æ d tæjifjd mb trdhdk Drtbsdidto trdhdklo lo ediudk qub eostrd d jrfdtfvfmdmb mo progfssfoidk, rbgkbtfimo d rbkdãêo mbkb joe o ebfo be qub vfvb b sud jukturd1 dkæe mb trdhdkldr joe o duxåkfo mb fistruebitos ediudfs, bkb tdehæe pomb bxbjutdr sbu trdhdklo por ebfo mb eäqufids hbe sfepkbs. O drtbsêo æ dqubkb qub prdtfjd o drtbsdidto b bxbrjb sbu trdhdklo be dtbkfà prúprfo, pombimo sohrbvfvbr joe bssb trdhdklo dtæ be rbcfòbs rbc fòbs mfs mfstdit tditbs bs mos crd crdimb imbss jbi jbitro tross urh urhdio dios, s, ou be joeuifmd joeuifmdmbs mbs joepostds mb drtbsê drtbsêos. os. Joeo mfssbeos, o drtbsêo pomb trdhdkldr be dtbkfà prúprfo, qub pomb sbr id sud rbsfmàijfd, iue kojdk prúprfo ou dkucdmo. Edfs figoredãòbs sohrb joeo eoitdr o prúprfo ibcújfo sbrêo vfstos dfimd ibssb jurso. :
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
^ombeos bijoitrdr trdhdklos mb drtbsdidto joe mfvbrs mfvbrsos os edtbrfdfs, tdfs joeo hdrro, tbjfmo, pkästfjo, edmbfrd mbitrb outros. Joe euftd jrfdtfvfmdmb, pomb-sb bxbjutdr kfimos trdhdklos ediudfs, qub sêo bxpostos be gbfrds, bspdãos jukturdfs, ko`ds prúprfds btj.
Io fiåjfo mo sæjuko \\, id Buropd, fifjfou-sb ue procrded qub prforfzdvd ue edfor rbkdjfoidebito bitrb drtb b vfmd, qub jokojdvd d bxpbrfàijfd drtbsdidk be joitdto joe d promuãêo, ued edibfrd mb o trdhdklo sbr edfs luedifzdmo b ebios fimustrfdk. Id mæjdmd mb 463>, d drtb jlbcou id rbjfjkdcbe, qub idmd edfs æ mo qub d rbutfkfzdãêo mb dkco qub iêo sbrvb edfs. ^or jdusd md prbojupdãêo prboj updãêo joe o ebfo dehfbitb, d rbjfj rbjfjkdkdcbe sb gortfgfjou. Dtud Dt udke kebi bitb tb,, o dr drtb tbsê sêo o po pomb mb jr jrfd fdrr sd sd-hoibtbs b vbkds, gdzbr mbjordãêo be tbjfmoss (h mo (hor ormd mdmos mos,, jr jroj ojlà là bt btj. j.)) b dt dtæ æ be pbãds mb EMG, pombimo trdhdkldr joe mfvbrsds tæjifjds b jrfdr värfds joehfidãòbs mb jorbs.
Lfstúrfd mo drtbsdidto Os prfebfros drtbsêos surcfrde id ^ræLfstúrfd, Lfstúr fd, qudimo o loebe dprbimbu d pokfr pbmrds, d gdhrfjdr d jbrèejfd b d tbjbr gfhrds difedfs b vbcbtdfs. Joe o tbepo, joebãou d gdhrfjdr jbstos, gbrrdebitds, vdsos jbrèefjos, roupds, bsjukturds b outros oh`btos, usdimo os rbjursos md idturbzd joeo edtærfd-prfed. D pdrtfr mo sæjuko \F md Brd Jrfstê, o drtbsdidto gfjou joijbitrdmo be bspdãos joilbjfmos joeo ogfjfids, be qub ue pbqubio crupo mb dprbim dprbimfzbs fzbs vfvfde joe o ebstrb ebstrb-dr-drtbsêo1 bstb bisfidvd be trojd mb eêo mb ohrd hdrdtd, vbstfebitds b joefmd. Joe fsso, gorde jrfdmds jorpordãòbs mb ogåjfo qub os ebstrbsdrtbsêos mb jdmd jfmdmb ou rbcfêo goredvde pdrd mbgbimbr sbus fitbrbssbs. Id Fmdmb Eæmfd, os trdhdklos drtbsdidfs sb edifgbstdrde joe o dpdrbjfebito mds vfkds. Os eordmorbs promuzfde fistruebitos dcråjokds, dredebitos b utbisåkfos moeæstfjos, b os sbrvos, sbcuimo dkcuis mojuebitos lfstúrfjos, do sbrbe kfhbrtos pbkos sbus sbilorbs, goredvde crupos mb trdhdklo joe joimfãòbs rbcukdebitdmds dpús ue koico pbråomo mb dprbimfzdcbe. Joe d Xbvokuãêo Fimustrfdk, d pdrtfr mo gfidk mo sæjuko \WFFF, surcfu d promuãêo be kdrcd bsjdkd, euftds vbzbs, mbsprovfmd mb ue sbiso bstætfjo ou joe ued bstætfjd edssfgfjdmd. Fsso gof joehdtfmo por dkcuis drtbsêos io sæjuko \F\ qub jrftfjdvde d mbsvdkorfzdãêo mo drtbsdidto ediudk, qub dcord brd ebjdif ebjdif-zdmd. Os fitbkbjtudfs mdqubkd æpojd joisfmbrdvde qub o drtbsêo tfild edfor kfhbrmdmb mb jrfdr suds pbãds por possufr os ebfos dproprfdmo prf dmoss pdr pdrd d d bxb bxbjuã juãêo êo mo trd trdhdk hdklo. lo. ^or jdusd mfsso, id sbcuimd ebtdmb mo sæjuko \F\, gof guimdmo ue crupo mb drtbs b ogåjfos joe o oh`btfvo mb tbitdr vdkorfzdr o trdhdklo drtbsdidk, opoimo-sb î ebjdifzdãêo. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Drtbsdidto io Hrdsfk O drtbsdidto hrdsfkbfro æ ue mos edfs rfjos mo euimo b cdrditb o sustbito mb euftds gdeåkfdss b joeuifm gdeåkfd joeuifmdmbs, dmbs, gdzbimo pdrtb mo gokjkorb qub rbvbkd os usos b jostuebs, trdmfãòbs b jdrdjtbråstfjds mb jdmd rbcfêo. Io Hrdsfk, os åimfos gorde os prfebfros drtbsê tb sêos os,, os qu qudf dfss ut utfkfkfz fzdv dvde de d dr drtb tb md pf pfit itur urd d jo joe e pfce pf cebi bito toss id idtu turd rdfs fs,, gd gdzf zfde de jb jbst stos os b vd vdso soss mb jb jb-rèefjd, jojdrbs, tdicds b outrds pbãds mb vbstuärfo joe pkueds b pbids mb dvbs, dkæe mb dreds b behdrjdãòbs joe edmbfrd. Io sæjuko \F\, d fefcrdãêo buropbfd trouxb edfs rbgkbxos pdrd o drtbsdidto hrdsfkbfro dtrdvæs md jukturd ftdkfdid, dkbeê, pokoibsd, ibs d, dkæ dkæe e md `dp `dpoib oibsd, sd, sårfd b kfhd kfhdibs ibsd, d, fijorpordimo fijorp ordimo do iosso jotfmfdio ued febisfmdmb mb prätfjds jukturdfs. =
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
^kdjdss mb EMG ^kdjd
Io drtbsdidmo, tbeos värfds pbãds gbftds mb EMG, joeo jdfxds, portd-rbtrdto, hdðs, jdfxds mb jlä mbitrb outrds (gfcurd 4).
D edmbfrd æ ue mos edtbrfdfs edfs usdmos be drtbsdidto, sbimo utfkfzdmd mbsmb os tbepos be qub o pdås brd ldhftdmo dpbids por åimfos, qudimo bkbs d usdvde pdrd d joistruãêo mb dreds, behdrjdãòbs, utbisåkfos, fistruebitos eusfjdfs, hoibjos b eäsjdrds. Lo`b be mfd, tbeos pbãds promuzfmds joe gfh gfhrds rds mb edm edmbfr bfrd d mbi mbioef oefidm idmds ds EMG joeo jdfxds, portd-rbtrdtos, portd-`ofds mbitrb outrds, b d pfiturd mbjordtfvd bstä jdmd vbz edfs be dktd pdrd behbkbzdr bstds pbãds. Dkæe md pfiturd, joe ds tæjifjds mb mbjordãêo qub dprbsbitdrbeos ibstb jurso, æ possåvbk mbfxdr d pbãd pbãd dfimd edfs edfs hoiftd b pombr pombr kujrdr eufto joe fsso. D pkdjd mb gfhrd mb edmbfr edmbfrd d mb eæmfd mbisfmdmb, joilbjfmd joeo EMG (Ebmfue ‚ Gfhrd mb Eæmfd MbisfMbisfty Gfhbrhodrm ‚ mdmb) æ ue mbrfvdmo md edmbfrd joe útfed rbsfst sf stài àijf jfd d b mu murd rdhf hfkfm kfmdm dmb. b. Bk Bkd d æ gd gdhr hrfj fjdm dmd d dtrdvæs md dckutfidãêo mb gfhrds mb edmbfrd joe rbsfids sfitætfjds b outros dmftfvos jokdmds ueds ids outrds joe rbsfid b gfxdmds por ebfo mb prbssêo. ^ossuf värfds dpkfjdãòbs, suhstftufimo, joe euftd vditdcbe, d prúprfd edmbfrd. D pkdjd mb EMG gof gdhrfjd gdhrfjdmd md pbkd prfebfrd vbz id mæjdmd mb 467> ios Bstdmos Rifmos b, id mæjdmd mb 463>, joebãou sud promuãêo id Buropd1 io Hrdsfk, jlbcou id mæjdmd mb 466>. D prfijfpdk edtærfd-prfed pdrd d gdhrfjdãêo md EMG æ o påius, ärvorb provbifbitb mb rbcfòbs tbepbrdmds mo lbefsgærfo iortb. Io Hrdsfk, o påius æ ohtfmo dtrdvæs mo pkditfo gkorbstdk be kdrcd bsjdkd. D pkdjd mb EMG iêo pomb sbr bxpostd î dãêo md äcud, ibe be dehfbitbs joe uefmdmb bxjbssfvd. Bkd sdf md gährfjd fsbitd mb prbsbiãd mb fisbtos, pofs sud joistftufãêo gored ued hdrrbfrd joitrd o dtdqub md edforfd mb fisbtos gurdmorbs, joeo o jupfe. D EMG æ eufto utfkfzdmd id fimðstrfd mb eúvbfs, id joigbjãêo mb pæs mb ebsd, jdfxds mb soe, joepoibitbs groitdfs, guimos mb cdvbtd mbitrb outros. Id joistruãêo jfvfk, pombeos bij bijoit oiträrä-kd kd be pfs pfsos os gfi gfios, os, rom romdpæ dpæs, s, dkeogdmds mb portds, mfvfsúrfds, hdtbitbs btj. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 4 ‚ ^bãds mb EMG pdrd drtbsdidto.
Ds pbãds mb EMG vdrfde mb bspbssurd, joeo pombeos vbr id gfcurd 8.
Gfcurd 8 ‚ Wdrfdãêo mb bspbssurds mb dkcueds pbãds mb EMG.
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Mbvbeos toedr jufmdmo id lord mb joeprdr ued pbãd mb EMG, sb bstä be pbrgbftds joimfãòbs. Red pbãd joe mbgbfto pomb prb`umfjdr o trdhdklo mb drtbsdidto. • Dkcuis mbtdklbs mb mbgbfto sú sbrêo pbrjbhfmos mbpofs qub pdssdr d hdsb djråkfjd ou mbpofs md pfiturd. pfiturd. Mbsjohrfi Mbsjohrfimo mo o mbgbfto mbgbfto,, pomb po mbeo eoss mf mfsg sgdr drãd ãdrr jo joe e dk dkcue cued d mb mbjo jord rdãê ãêo o ou tæjifjd dprbsbitdmds ibssb jurso. 2
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Edtbrfdk mb ]rdhdklo Dp rb sb it de os , d sb sbcu cu fr, o ed tb rf d k häsfjo mo trdhdklo mb pfiturd be edmbfrd, qub sbrä usdmo ios projbmfebitos mb pdsso d pdsso io mbjorrbr mbssb jurso mb qudkfgfjdãêo progfssfoidk. Os bkbebitos mo edtbrfdk mb trdhdklo sêo os pfijæfs, d hdsb djråkfjd, ds kfxds, ds tfitds djråkfjds, o vbrifz mbitrb outros.
^fijæfs b rokfilos mb bspued Gfcurd = ‚ ^fijæfs mb pbkos.
Id pfiturd be pbãds mb EMG, utfkfzdeos pfijæfs mb jbrmds b mb pbkos, dkæe mos rokfilos mb bspued.
^fijæfs mb pbkos sfitætfjos. ^fijæfs sfitætfjos. Edfs ued opãêo mb pfijbk pdrd rbdkfzdãêo mb pfiturd be pbãds mb EMG (gfcurd 2).
^fijæfs mb jbrmds. Os pfijæfs mb jbrmds sêo utfkfzdmos pdrd pdssdr d hdsb djråkfkfjd jd,, d co coed ed-k -kdj djd d b o vb vbri rifz fz.. Bk Bkbs bs sê sêo o iuebrdmos mb djormo joe o tdedilo mb suds poitds ( gfcurd :).
Gfcurd 2 ‚ ^fijbk mb pbkos sfitætfjos.
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Xbjoebimd-sb mbfxdr dkcuis pfijæfs pdrd pdssdr d hdsb djråkfjd, outros pdrd pdssdr d coed-kdjd b dkcuis pdrd o vbrifz, mbfxdimo-os sbpdrdmos pdrd jdmd ue mbssbs promutos. • Iêo æ hoe utfkfzdr o pfijbk mb jbrmds joe tfitds djråkfjds, pofs ds jbrmds pombe provojdr dkcueds gdklds id pbãd mb EMG.
Gfcurd : ‚ ^fijæfs mb jbrmds.
^fijæfs mb pbkos. Zêo usdmos pdrd pdssdr ds tfitds djråkfjds ids pbãds mb EMG EM G, ed edss td tdeh ehæe æe pom pombe be sb sbrr us usdm dmos os pdrd pdssdr d hdsb, d coed-kdjd b o vbrifz. Zêo iuebrdmos tdehæe mb djormo joe o tdedilo md poitd ( gfcurd = ). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Xokfilos mb bspued. Os rokfilos mb bspued sêo utfkfzdmos pdrd sb pdssdr d hdsb ou d tfitd djråkfjd be pbãds edforbs. Zêo vbimfmos be behdkdcbis joe euftos rokfilos be 7
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Kfxd pdrd edmbfrd. Mbpofs qub pdssdeos d hdsb djråkfjd be tomd d pbãd mb EMG, dcudrmdeos d sud sbjdcbe pdrd kfxdr d pbãd, pokfimo, mbfxdimo-d edfs kfsd b proitd pdrd rbjbhbr d tfitd. tfitd. D kfxd fmbdk pdrd pdrd pbãds pbãds mb EMG æ d mb crdid 88> (gfcurd <).
mfvbrsos tdedilos, pdrd sb bgbtudr d suhstftufãêo murditb murditb o trdhdkl trdhdklo o (gfcurd 7).
Gfcurd 7 ‚ Xokfilos mb bspued.
Æ hoe sbeprb tbr ue hoe iðebro mb pfijæfs b mb rokfilos pdrd dcfkfzdr o trdhdklo mb drtbsdidto. Gfcurd < ‚ Kfxds pdrd edmbfrd crdid 88>.
Hdsb djråkfjd b kfxd
]fitd djråkfjd mbjordtfvd mb djdhdebito gosjo
Mbpofs md dprbsbitdãêo mos pfijæfs b mos rokfilos mb bspued pdrd o trdhdklo mb drtbsdidto, vdeos joilbjbr dcord os bkbebitos utfkfzdmo zd moss pd pdrd rd d pr prbp bpdr drdã dãêo êo md pb pbãd ãd mb EM EMG G di ditb tbss mb rbjbhbr d tfitd0 hdsb djråkfjd b kfxd.
Æ d fmbdk pdrd d pfiturd be EMG b rbdkfzdãêo mds tæjifjds dprbsbitdmds ibssb jurso. ^ombeos bijoitrdr bijoitrdr behdkdcbis mb tfitds be mfvbrsos tdedilos b jorbs ( gfcurd 6).
Hdsb djråkfjd pdrd drtbsdidto. Rtfkfzdmd pdrd protbcbr d EMG md tfitd1 dssfe, d pbãd iêo dhsorvbrä d tfitd, fepbmfimo-sb gdklds (gfcurd 3).
Gfcurd 6 ‚ ]fitds djråkfjds mbjordtfvds mb djdhdebito gosjo be mfvbrsds jorbs b behdkdcbis.
Gfcurd 3 ‚ Hdsb djråkfjd pdrd drtbsdidto. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
3
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Wbrifz O vbrifz mä protbãêo b ue djdhdebito hrfklditb ou gosjo mb djormo joe o costo b jrfdtfvfmdmb, sbimo mb uso opjfoidk. ^ombeos bijoitrdr vbrifz ids opãòbs kåqufmd b be (gfcurd 4>). sprdy (
Gfcurd 44 ‚ Zbjdmor mb jdhbko pdrd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe.
]beo beoss out outros ros bkb bkbebi ebitos tos qub joe joe-pòbe o edtbrfdk mb trdhdklo mo drtbsêo, eds sêo utfkfzdmos be mbjordãòbs bspbjågfjds b sbrêo dprbsbitdmds edfs dmfditb. Gfcurd 4> ‚ Wbrifz kåqufmo b be sprdy .
Dvbitdk mo drtbsêo
Ohsbrvdãòbs
O dvbitdk fmbdk pdrd sb trdhdkldr joe pfiturd be edmbfrd æ o mb pkästfjo, pofs, qudimo su`dr, sbrä gäjfk rbtfrdr d edijld joe ue pdio uebmbjfmo joe ue poujo mb äcud ( gfcurd 48 ). ]dehæe pombeos utfkfzdr ue dvbitdk gbfto mb ]I] (]bjfmoIêo-]bjfmo).
• Jufmdmo joe ds tfitds, d hdsb b o vbrifz. Bkbs sêo bxtrbedebitb túxfjos b mbvb mb vbe e sb sbrr dr dredz edzbi bidm dmos os be kuc kucdr drbs bs sbjos b drb`dmos joeo dreärfos ou prdtbkbfrds, bstdimo hbe koicb mb jrfdiãds b difedfs. • Wbrfgfjdr sbeprb d vdkfmdmb mos promutos. • Rtfkfzdr o sprdy be kojdfs dhbrtos, koicb mb difedfs, mb pkditds b mb jrfdiã jrfdiãds. ds. • Red outrd opãêo mb djdhdebito æ d lfmrokdjd.
Zbjdmor mb jdhbko ^drd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe md hdsb djråkfjd b md tfitd, utfkfzdeos ue sbjdmor mb jdhbko pdrd bssd guiãêo ( gfcurd 44 )1 jdso prbgfrd ued sbjdcbe do idturdk, rbjoebimdeos rbjoebimdeos qub dcudr dcudrmb mb bitrb ued b muds lords io vbrêo b edfs mb qudtro lords io fivbrio fivbrio.. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 48 ‚ Dvbitdk mb pkästfjo.
Zb tfvbr dkbrcfd d dkcue promuto dprbsbitdmo joeo tfitd, sprdy btj., btj., utfkfzdr eäsjdrds ou kuvds mbsjdrtävbfs. <
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Dtbkfà
Dco rd qub joi Dcord joilbj lbjbeo beoss o edt edtbrf brfdk dk häsfjo pdrd o drtbsê drtbsêo o fifjfdr sbu trdhdkl trdhdklo, o, bisfidrbeos pdsso d pdsso os projbmfebitos mb pfiturd be pbãds mb EMG joe dkcueds mbjordãòbs. O prfebfro pdsso d pdsso dprbsbitd os projbmfebitos pdmròbs mb ued pfiturd häsfjd, io qudk bisfidrbeos joeo prbpdrdr d pbãd mb EMG joe hdsb b o kfxdebito, rbdkfzdr ued hod pfiturd id pbãd b bxbjutdr ue útfeo djdhdebito joe vbrifz. Ditbs Dit bs mb fi fifj fjfd fdrr os pr projb ojbmf mfeb ebit itos os mo prfebfro pdsso d pdsso, o guturo drtbsêo prbjfsd dprbimbr d orcdifzdr sud ebsd mb trdhdklo be qub sbrä bxbjutdmo tomo o trdhdklo mb drtbsdidto.
O dt dtbk bkfà fà æ o bs bspd pdãão mb tr trdh dhdk dklo lo mo dr drtb tbssêo êo.. Æ rb rbjo joeb ebim imdm dmo o qu qub b bs bssb sb bs bspd pdão ão sb sb`d `d jo joep epos osto to pbkos sbcufitbs bkbebitos (gfcurd 4:)0 • Ebsd mb edmbfrd ou mb dkueåifo ‚ pbqubid, eæmfd ou crdimb, mb djormo joe o bspdão ou o trdhdklo mo drtbsêo ‚, gorrdmd joe pdpbk Ardgt , pdpbk `oridk ou todkld mb pkästfjo pdrd iêo mdifgfjä-kd1 • Hdiqufilo ou jdmbfrd pdrd dpofo mo jorpo1 • ^fd joe toribfrd pdrd sdåmd mb äcud1 • Dreärfo ou prdtbk prdtbkbfrds bfrds pdrd dredz dredzbidr bidr o edtbrfdk mb trdhdklo b ds pbãds mb EMG1 • ]oedmd pdrd sdåmd mb bkbtrfjfmdmb.
^dsso d ^dsso Orcdifzdãêo md ebsd mb trdhdklo Ditbs mb fifjfdr ue u e trdhdklo trdhdkl o joe drtbsdidto, mbvbeos prbpdrdr d ebsd mb trdhdklo, gorrdimo-d joe pdpbk Ardgt , pdpbk `oridk ou todkld mb pkästfjo. Ibstb jdso, vdeos utfkfzdr pdpbk Ardgt b b ued gftd-dmbsfvd pdrd prbimà-ko id ebsd (gfcurd 4=).
Gfcurd 4: ‚ Dtbkfà.
^fiturd be Edmbfrd
b gftd-dmbsfvd. Gfcurd 4= ‚ ^dpbk Ardgt b
^dsso d pdsso0 4. Joe o edtbrfdk be eêos, gorrdeos d ebsd joe ued ou edfs goklds mb pdpbk Ardgt ‚ mbpbimbimo mo tdedilo md ebsd ‚ b, be sbcufmd, prbimbeos o pdpbk id ebsd joe pbmdãos mb gftd-dmbsfvd (gfcurd 42). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
6
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
• ^fiturd id pbãd mb EMG1 • Djdhdebito joe vbrifz. Wb`d o edtbrfdk qub vdeos utfkfzdr ibssb prfebfro pdsso d pdsso (gfcurd 43)0
Edtbrfdk0 • ^bãds mb EMG (ibssb jdso, vdeos trdhdkldr joe muds tukfpds)1 • ^fijæfs mb jbrmds i os < b 481 • ^fijæfs mb pbkos ios < b 4>1 • Xbjfpfbitb joe äcud pdrd djoeomdr os pfijæfs mbpofs mb usdmos1 • ^dio sbjo pdrd kfepdr os pfijæfs pfijæfs11 • Hdsb djråkfjd pdrd drtbsdidto1 • Kfxd pdrd edmbfrd crdid 88>1 • ]fitds djråkfjds mbjordtfvds mb djdhdebito gosjo ids jorbs mbsb`dmds (ibssb jdso, vdeos utfkfzdr ds jorbs rosd, vbrebklo, vbrmb-jkdro, vbrmb-bsjuro b edrroejkdro)1 • Xbjfpfbitb pdrd d jokojdãêo mds tfitds (ibssb jdso, vdeos usdr ued hdimb`d mb fsopor)1 • Wbri brifz fz joe djd djdhde hdebit bito o mbs mbsb`dm b`dmo o (ibstb jdso, vdeos utfkfzdr ue sprdy mb mb djdhdebito gosjo b ue kåqufmo mb djdhdebito hrfklditb)1 • Zbjdmor mb jdhbko pdrd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe.
id ebsd joe gftd-dmbsfvd. Gfcurd 42 ‚ ^rbimbimo o pdpbk Ardgt id
8. ^rbimbeos o pdpbk ios kucdrbs be qub djldreos ibjbssärfo. Gbfto fsso, vb`d joeo gfjou d ebsd mo drtbsêo, proitd pdrd o trdhdklo (gfcurd 47). Tudimo o pdpbk gfjdr hbe edijldmo, hdstd trojdr por outro.
Gfcurd 47 ‚ Ebsd mo drtbsêo proitd pdrd o trdhdklo.
^dsso d ^dsso ^rojbmfebitos pdmròbs mb pfiturd be edmbfrd ^rbpdrdmd d ebsd mb trdhdklo, vdeos fifjfdr os projbmfebitos häsfjos md pfiturd be pbãds mb EMG, qub sêo bstbs0 • ^rbpdrdãêo md pbãd mb EMG joe hdsb djråkfjd b kfxdebito1 Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 43 ‚ Edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso. 4>
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Be to tomo moss os pr proj ojbm bmfe febi bito toss mb pd pdss sso od pdsso mbssb jurso, vdeos utfkfzdr o sbjdmor mb jd jdhb hbko ko pd pdrd rd dj djbk bkbr brdr dr d sb sbjd jdcb cbe1 e1 ed eds, s, sb o dkuio prbgbrfr, pomb mbfxdr d pbãd mb EMG sbjdr idturdkebitb io tbepo qub rbjoebimdeos ditbs. • Rtfkfzdeos ios pdsso d pdssos ued hdimb`d mb fsopor pdrd d jokojdãêo mds tfitds, eds o dkuio pomb utfkfzdr, be vbz mbkb, ue rbjfpfbitb mb vfmro ou mb pkästfjo. • D bsjokl bsjokld d mos iðebros iðebros mos pfijæfs pfijæfs b mds jorbs æ dpbids sucbstfvd. O dkuio, joe o tbepo b euftd prätfjd, pombrä bsjoklbr os iðebros b ds jorbs qub djldr ibjbssärfo pdrd ue mbtbrefidmo trdhdklo.
Gfcurd 46 ‚ ^dssdimo hdsb djråkfjd id pbãd mb EMG.
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Editbild d poitd mo pfijbk sbeprb mbftdmd id pbãd, pofs fsso d`umd d mbskfzdr ebklor d hdsb djråkfjd. Fsso tdehæe sbrvb pdrd ds tfitds djråkfjds. • Bvftb pdssdr d hdsb ou d tfitd joe d poitd mo pfijbk be pæ, pofs fsso prb`umfjdrä d pbãd mb EMG. • O ebseo eovfebito mb pdssdr o pfijbk io ebseo sbitfmo sb gdz do pdssdr d tfitd djråkfjd b o vbrifz kåqufmo. • Iê Iêo o æ ib ibjb jbss ssär ärfo fo jd jdrr rrbc bcdr dr o pf pfij ijbk bk jo joe e hdsb, ou sb`d, jokojdr euftd hdsb io pfijbk.
^rfebfrd btdpd - ^rbpdrdãêo md pbãd mb EMG joe hdsb djråkfjd b kfxdebito 4. O prfebfro projbmfebito æ prbpdrdr d pbãd mb EMG, qub sbrä ued tukfpd, ditbs mb rbjbhbr d tfitd. ^drd fsso, pdssdeos ued mbeêo mb hdsb djråkfjd be tomd d pbãd joe o pfijbk mb jbrmds i° 48. Mbvbeos pdssdr o pfijbk sbeprb io ebseo sbitfmo, sbe sdfr mbkb ( gfcu gfcurds rds 4< b 46 ). Iêo mbvbeos pdssdr d hdsb djråkfjd id hdsb md tukfpd dfimd, pofs prbjfsdeos mb ue dpofo pdrd sbcurdr d pbãd.
8. Gbfto fsso, pdrd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe md prfebfrd mbeêo mb hdsb djråkfjd, utfkfzdeos o sbjdmor mb jdhbko id tbepbrdturd eæmfd b ue poujo mfstditb md pbãd pdrd iêo qubfeä-kd (gfbstdrä sbjd sbjd qudimo qudimo pdssdr pdssdr d curd 8>). D pbãd bstdrä eêo ibkd b iêo sbitfr qub bstä crumbitd.
Gfcurd 8> ‚ Rtfkfzdimo o sbjdmor pdrd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe md hdsb djråkfjd.
Gfcurd 4< ‚ Rebmbjbimo o pfijbk joe hdsb djråkfjd. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
44
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
:. Joe d pbãd sbjd, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb hdsb djråkfjd id hdsb md tukfpd b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe md ebsed edibfrd joeo gfzbeos ditbs.
7. ^or jdusd mbssds gdklds qub ojorrbe ioredkebi iore dkebitb tb dpús d prfeb prfebfrd frd mbeêo mb hdsb djrå dj råkfkfjd jd b o kfkfxd xdeb ebit ito, o, æ ib ibjb jbss ssär ärfd fd sb sbep eprb rb ue ued d sbcuimd mbeêo mb hdsb pdrd johrfr bssds gdklds, pofs d pbãd mb EMG mbvb bstdr hbe prbpdrdmd pdrd rbjbhbr d tfitd, sbe gdklds.
=. Gbfto fsso, pombeos bgbtudr o kfxdebito joe d kfkfxxd pd pdrd rd ed edmb mbfr frd. d. Joe oeo o bk bkd d æ hb hbe e cr crdi dimb mb,, jortdeos ue pbqubio pbmdão rbtdicukdr b, joe bkb, bgbtudeos o kfxdebito be tomd d pbãd sbe euftftd eu d pr prbs bssê sêo, o, mb mbfx fxdi dimo mo-d -d hb hbe e kfs kfsd d (gf gfcu curd rd 84).
Mbpofs fs mb pd pdss ssdr dr ue ued d sb sbcu cuim imd d 3. Mbpo mbeêo mb hdsb djråkfjd, djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe b kfxdeos md ebsed gored qub bisfideos. eo s. Mu Muds ds mb mbeê eêos os mb hd hdsb sb dj djrå råkfkfjd jd sê sêo o sugfjfbitbs. Wb`d o rbsuktdmo mbssb prfebfro projbmfebito id gfcurd 8:, joe d pbãd proitd pdrd rbjbhbr d pfiturd.
Gfcurd 84 ‚ Kfxdimo d pbãd mb EMG.
Æ rbjoebimdmo kfxdr d pbãd mb EMG sbeprb koicb md ebsd mb trdhdklo, mb prbgbràijfd, id pfd mo dtbkfà, pdrd qub os rbsåmuos mo kfxdebito iêo vbilde bstrdcdr d pfiturd.
Gfcurd 8: ‚ ^bãd mb EMG proitd pdrd rbjbhbr d pfiturd.
<. Febmfdtdebitb, dpús d utfkfzdãêo mos pfij pf ijæf æfss mb jb jbrm rmds ds,, bs bstb tbss mb mbvb vbe e sb sbrr dk dko` o`dm dmos os io rbjf rb jfpf pfbi bitb tb jo joe e äc äcud ud pd pdrd rd mb mbpo pofs fs sb sbrb rbe e kd kdvd vdmo moss (gfc ebse seo o pr proj ojbm bmfe febi bito to sb gd gdzz jo joe e gfcurd urd 8=). O eb os pfijæfs pdrd d tfitd mbpofs mb usdmos.
2. Mbpofs mb kfxdmd d pbãd fitbfrd, æ possåvbk vbrfgfj vbr fgfjdr drdkcu dkcueds edsgdkl gdklds ds(pdr (pdrtb tb md mdEMG EMGdpdr dpdrbjb bjbimo) imo),, qub qu b po pomb mbrê rêo o pr prb` b`um umfj fjdr dr d pf pfit itur urd. d. Bi Bitê têo, o, pd pdss ssde deos os ued sbcuimd mbeêo mb hdsb djråkfjd be tomd d pbãd pb ãd.. Oh Ohsb sbrv rvb b bs bssd sdss gd gdkl klds ds id gfc gfcurd urd 880
Gfcurd 8= - Dko`dimo o pfijbk mb jbrmds io rbjfpfbitb joe äcud dpús d utfkfzdãêo.
Gdklds ds id pbãd mb EMG mbpofs mb pdssdmd d Gfcurd 88 ‚ Gdkl hdsb b bgbtudmo o kfxdebito. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
48
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
8. Dcord, joe o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 4>, uebmbjbeos ue poujo joe d tfitd rosd b, mbpofs, pdssdeos ued mbeêo be tomds ds pætdkds md tukfpd, md ebsed gored qub utfkfzdeos o pfijbk joe hdsb djråkfjd0 io ebseo sbitfmo, sbe sdfr mbkb, joe d poitd mo pfijbk mbftdmd sohrb d pbãd ( gfcurds 83 b 8< ). Bvftb jdrrbcdr o pfijbk joe tfitd.
X bj b j oe o e bi b i m de de os o s , d pú p ú s u tft f k fz f z dr dr d k cu cu e p f ij ij bk b k j oe o e h ds d s b d jr j r åkå k f jd jd o u tfitd tfit d djr djråkfj åkfjd d mbj mbjord ordtfvd tfvd mb djd djdhdhdebito gosjo, bgbtudr d kdvdcbe joe mbtbrcbitb, bspoi`d b äcud jorrbitb. Bisfidrbeos joeo kdvdr b joisbrvdr os pfijæfs edfs dmfditb.
Zbcuimd Zbcui md btdpd - ^fitur ^fiturdd id pbãd mb EMG 4. Joe d tukfpd prbpdrdmd, dcord vdeos pfitä-kd, joebãdimo pbkds pætdkds. ^drd fsso, pbcdeos d tfitd djråkfjd mbjordtfvd mb djdhdebito gosjo id jor rosd, dcftdeos d behdkdcbe pdrd d tfitd gfjdr hbe loeocàibd b mbspb`deos ue poujo io rbjfpfbitb mb fsopor sbpdrdmo sbpdr dmo pdrd d tfitd (gfcurds 82 b 87).
Gfcurd 83 ‚ Rebmbjbimo d poitd mo pfijbk mb pbkos i¾ 4>.
Dcftdi tdimo mo d beh behdkd dkdcbe cbe pdr pdrd d d tfit tfitd d gfjd gfjdrr loeo loeocài càibd. bd. Gfcurd Gfcu rd 82 ‚ Dcf
Gfcurd 8< ‚ ^rfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd djråkfjd rosd ids pætdkds md tukfpd.
Mbvb vbeo eoss bs bspd pdkl kldr dr hb hbe e d tftfit itd d pb pbkd kdss pæ pæ-:. Mb tdkds md tukfpd sbeprb be kfild rbtd b pbredibjbim jb imo o io eb ebse seo o sb sbit itfm fmo, o, sb sbe e pd pdrd rdrr. Wb` b`d d pfitdimo pfitdi mo o outro kdmo mds pætdkds (gfcurd 86).
Gfcurd 87 ‚ Mbspb`dimo ue poujo mb tfitd io rbjfpfbitb mb fsopor. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
4:
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Gfcurd :4 ‚ Mbtdklb mds edijlds hrdijds ids pætdkds, ibjbssftdimo mb ued sbcuimd mbeêo.
Gfcurd 86 ‚ Bspdkldimo hbe d tfitd be kfild rbtd, sbe pdrdr.
Muds mbeêos mb tfitd tdehæe sêo sugfjfbitbs, pofs tfitd mbedfs bijldrjd d pbãd, pombimo prb`umfjdr o trdhdklo.
Iêo æ hoe gdzbr pdrdmds io ebfo mds pfijbkdmds pdrd iêo mdifgfjdr d pbãd.
=. Mbpofs mb pfitdr ds pætdkds joe ued mbeêo mb tfitd, pdrd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe, usdeos o sbjdmor mb jdhbko ( gf gf-curd :> ).
7. ^dssdmd d sbcuimd mbeêo mb tfitd rosd be tomds ds pætdkds, djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe iovdebitb. Wb`d joeo gfjdrde ds pætdkds md tukfpd mbpofs mds mbeêos mb tfitd (gfcurd :8).
Gfcurd :> ‚ Rsdimo o sbjdmor mb jdhbko pdrd djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe. Gfcurd :8 ‚ ^ætdkds pfitdmds joe muds mbeêos mb tfitd rosd.
2. Dssfe joeo id hdsb djråkfjd, ds pætdkds bstdrêo sbjds qudimo bstds iêo gfjdrbe crumbitds. Dpús d sbjdcbe, pombeos pbrjbhbr dkcueds gdklds id pbãd (edijlds hrdijds md hdsb)1 dssfe, ibjbssftd-sb mb ued sbcuimd mbeêo mb tfitd (gfcurd :4). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
3. Dko`deos o pfijbk utfkfzdmo io rbjfpfbitb joe äcud b, joe o pfijbk i° <, pfitdeos o jdho md tukfpd joe ued mbeêo mb tfitd vbrmb-bsjurd (gfcurd ::). 4=
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Gfcurd :: ‚ ^fitdimo o jdho joe tfitd vbrmb-bsjurd.
Gfcurd :2 ‚ ^fitdimo os jditos ebiorbs.
<. Djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe joe sbjdmor, pdssdeos d sbcuimd mbeêo mb tfitd b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe iovdebitb. Mbpofs mb pfitdr, dko`deos o pfijbk io ebseo rbjfpfbitb joe äcud.
Edijldss mbv Edijld mbvfmo fmo do bij bijoit oitro ro mb jorbs mfgbrbitbs ^ombe ojorrbr pbqubids edijlds mbvfmo do bijoitro mb mfgbrbitbs jorbs id pbãd mb EM EMG G. Tu Tudim dimo o fs fsso so dj djoi oitb tbjb jbrr, mb mbvb vb-s -sb b bg bgbbtudr o rbpdro joe d tfitd (gfcurds :7 b :3).
Joe e o jd jdho ho md tu tukfkfpd pd pf pfit itdm dmo o b sb sbjo jo,, pf pfii6. Jo tdeos ds goklds joe d tfitd vbrmb-jkdrd, bgbtudimo tud imo os ebs ebseos eos pro projbm jbmfeb febito itoss mb dj djbkb bkbrdã rdãêo êo md sbjdcbe, sbcuimd mbeêo b djbkbrdãêo md sbjdcbe iovdebitb (gfcurd :=). Joeo vdeos rbut rb utfkfkfz fzdr dr o pf pfij ijbk bk mb pb pbko koss i° 4> 4>,, rb rbtftfrd rdeo eoss mo rb rb-jfpfbitb b kfepdeos d poitd joe ue pdio sbjo.
Gfcurd :7 ‚ Edijlds mbvfmo do bijoitro mb jorbs mfgbrbitbs, mbvbimo bgbtudr o rbpdro.
Gfcurd := ‚ ^fitdimo ds goklds joe tfitd vbrmb-jkdrd.
^drd pfitdr, iêo prbjfsd gorãdr o pfijbk sohrb d pbãd, bvftdimo, dssfe, edijlds joe tfitd. Joe o pfijbk, ‛kbvb― ‛kbvb― d tfitd sohrb d pbãd.
4>. ^fitdeos os jditos ebiorbs joe o pfijbk i° < rbtfrdmo mo rbjfpfbitb joe äcud b kfepo joe o pdio sbjo (gfcurd :2). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd :3 ‚ Bgbtudimo o rbpdro joe tfitd vbrmb-bsjurd. 42
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
44. Mbpofs mfsso, joe o pfijbk i° < kfepo, pfitde pfi tdeos os d hds hdsb b joe tfi tfitd td edr edrroe roe-jk -jkdrd drd md ebse eb sed d ed edib ibfr frd d qu qub b bi bisf sfid ideo eoss do pf pfit itdr dr ds pæ pæ-tdkds, o jdho b ds goklds md tukfpd (gfcurd :<).
Gfcurd => ‚ ^oitd mo pfijbk uebmbjfmd joe ue poujo mo vbrifz kåqufmo hrfklditb.
Gfcurd :< ‚ ^fitdimo d hdsb md tukfpd joe tfitd edrroe-jkdrd.
48. Joe muds mbeêos b gbftd d djbkbrdãêo md sbjdcbe, gfidkfzdeos dssfe d pfiturd id prfebfrd pbãd mb EMG. EMG. Dcord, bgbtudeos os ebseos projbmfebitos id sbcuimd tukfpd1 ibssb jdso, ds pætdkds gorde pfitdmds joe tfitd vbrebkld. Wb`d joeo gfjdrde ds muds tukfpds mbpofs mb pfitdmds id gfcurd :6. Gfcurd =4 ‚ ^dssdimo vbrifz id tukfpd vbrebkld.
^dssb kbvbebitb o vbrifz, sbe gdzbr euftd gorãd joe o pfijbk.
8. Id tukfpd rosd, pdssdeos o vbrifz mb djdhdebito gosjo be sprdy , kbehrdimo mb ohbmbjbr d ued jbrtd mfstèijfd, bvftdimo mb usdr o sprdy pbrto pbrto mb pkditds, difedfs b jrfdiãds (gfcurd =8). Gfcurd :6 ‚ ]ukfpds pfitdmds.
]brjbfrd btdpd - Djdhdebito joe vbrifz 4. Mbpofs mb pfitdmds ds tukfpds, gdzbeos o djdhdebito md pfiturd joe vbrifz0 id tukfpd vbrebkld, utfkfzdeos o vbrifz kåqufmo mb djdhdebito hrfklditb joe o pfijbk mb jbrmds i° < (gfcurds => b =4) sbe jdrrbcä-ko. Kbehrdeos qub mbvbeos gdzbr o ebseo eovfebito joe o pfijbk bisfidmo ditbs b qub, dpús d utfkfzdãêo, kbvdr o pfijbk do rbjfpfbitb joe äcud. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
^dssdimo vbrifz vbrifz gosjo be sprdy id tukfpd rosd. Gfcurd =8 ‚ ^dssdimo 47
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
^dsso d ^dsso
:. O vbrifz sbjd rdpfmdebitb. Mbpofs mb sbjds, vb`d joeo gfjdrde ds tukfpds mbpofs md pfiturd b djdhdebito (gfcurd =:).
Kdvdcbe b joisbrvdãêo mos pfijæfs Kdvdcbe Mbpofs mb usdr os pfijbfs id rbdkfzdãêo mb ue trdhdklo joe dkcued pbãd mb EMG EM G, bk bkbs bs mb mbvb vbe e sb sbrr hb hbe e kd kdvd vdmo moss b sbjos. Jdso iêo utfkfzb febmfdtdebitb, os pfijæfs pfijæ fs mbvbe sbr dko`dmo dko`dmoss be rbjfp rbjfpfbifbitbs joeo vbrbeos edfs dmfditb. Wdeos bisfidr, dcord, d edibfrd jorrbtd mb kdvdr os pfijæfs mb drtbsdidto. ^drd fsso, utfkfzdeos o sbcufitb edtbrfdk ( gfcurd == )0
Edtbrfdk0 • Mbtbrcbitb kåqufmo1 • Bspoi`d mb kouãd1 • ]odkld sbjd1 • Xbjfpfbitb pdrd dko`dr os pfijæfs kfepos.
Gfcurd =: ‚ ]ukfpds pfitdmds b bivbrifzdmds.
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Iêo æ hoe utfkfzdr o pfijbk bijldr jl drjd jdmo mo mb äc äcud ud,, ed edss po pomb mb bs bstd tdr r ðefmo. • Tudimo edijldr d pbãd joe tfitd, b bstd edijld iêo bstfvbr sbjd, uebmbjbr o pdio sbjo joe ue poujo mb äcud b pdssdr io kojdk1 jdso d edijld bstb`d sbjd, pdssdr tfitd io kojdk. • Bvftb bsjorrbr o vbrifz vbrifz.. Zb djoitbjbr, pdssdr o pfijbk febmfdtdebitb, pofs, joeo gdkdeos, o vbrifz sbjd hbe räpfmo. • O vbrifz mdifgfjd eufto os pfijæfs. ^or fsso, joeo mfssbeos, æ hoe sbpdrdr pfijæfs bspbjågfjos pdrd pdssdr o vbrifz. • Iêo lä ibjbssfmdmb mb utfkfzdr o sbjdmor mb jdhbko pdrd sbjdr o vbrifz, pofs, joeo gof mfto, bstb promuto sbjd rdpfmdebitb. • Jufmdmo joe o vbrifz gosjo. Zb pdssdr mbedfs, iêo tbrbeos o rbsuktdmo mbsb`dmo. • Æ hoe trbfidr ds pfijbkdmds be ue pbmdão mb pdpbk ou ebseo be ue fsopor. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd == ‚ Edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso.
^dsso d pdsso0 4. ^rfebfro, mbspb`deos ue poujo mb mbtbrcbitb kåqufmo id bspoi`d mb kouãd b d bixdcudeos, koco be sbcufmd, joe ue poujo mb äcud jorrbitb (gfcurds =2 b =7). 43
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
:. Be sbcufmd, bsgrbcdeos d bspoi`d bixdcudmd xdcudm d joe mbtbrcbitb id poitd mo pfijbk b io jdho tdehæe (gfcurd =<).
Gfcurd =2 ‚ Mbspb`dimo ue poujo mb mbtbrcbitb kåqufmo id bspoi`d mb kouãd. Gfcurd =< ‚ ^dssdimo d bspoi`d id poitd mo pfijbk.
Gbftfto o fs fsso so,, bi bixd xdcu cude deos oso o pf pfij ijbk bk ed edfs fs ue ued d =. Gb vbzz jo vb joe e äc äcud ud jo jorr rrbi bitb tb b, jo joe e d po poit itd d mo moss mb mbmo mos, s, rbtftfrd rb rdeo eoss o bx bxjb jbss sso o mb mb mbtb tbrc rcbi bitb tb (gf gfcu curd rd =6).
Gfcurd =7 ‚ Bixdcudimo d bspoi`d joe ue poujo mb äcud jorrbitb.
Mbpo pofs fs,, bi bixd xdcu cude deos os ue pf pfij ijbk bk jo joe e ue 8. Mb poujo mb äcud jorrbitb tdehæe (gfcurd =3).
Gfcurd =6 ‚ Bixdcudimo o pfijbk joe äcud jorrbitb.
2. Mbpofs mo bixäcub, vbrfgfjdeos sb iêo gfjdrde rbsåmuos mb tfitd, pdssdimo o pfijbk id pdked md eêo (gfcurd 2>).
Gfcurd =3 ‚ Bixdcudimo o pfijbk joe ue poujo mb äcud jorrbitb. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 2> ‚ Wbrfgfjdimo sb lä rbsåmuos mb tfitd. 4<
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
7. Gof joistdtdmo qub iêo louvb rbsåmuos mb tfitd io pfijbk, por fsso, bkb `ä pomb sbr bixucdmo. Eds ditbs, ohsbrvb joeo ds poitds mos pbkos bstêo sbpdrdmds (gfcurd 24). Bkds iêo pombe gfjdr dssfe, pofs fsso pomb bstrdcdr o pfijbk. pfijbk. Do bixucdreos bixucdreos o pfijbk joe o pdio sbjo, dprovbftdeos pdrd uifr ds poitds (gfcurd 28).
rbjfpfbitb. Gfcurd 2: ‚ Dko`dimo o pfijbk be pæ mbitro mb ue rbjfpfbitb.
^ombeos utfkfzdr os pfijæfs ðefmos ou mbfxdr sbjdr por 8= lords. Zb prbgbrfr, pombeos djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe joe o sbjdmorr mb jdhbko. sbjdmo Gfcurd 24 ‚ ^oitds sbpdrdmds.
<. Red mfjd æ, dpús d kdvdcbe, ebrcukldr ds suds poitds be ue rbjfpfbitb joe äcud b joimfjfoidmor mb jdhbko b mbfxdr mb eoklo por 8= lords (gfcurd 2=). Io mfd sbcufitb, rbtfrde-sb os pfijæfs mo rbjfpfbitb b, sbiêo utfkfzä-kos koco, mbfxdr sbjdr idturdkebitb ditbs mb cudrmä-kos1 jdso joiträrfo, rbtfrdr os rbsåmuos mo joimfjfoidmor joe ue pdio sbjo, sbe äcud jorrbitb.
Gfcurd 28 ‚ Bixucdimo o pfijbk, dprovbftdimo pdrd uifr ds poitds.
Gdzbeos bssb ebseo projbmfebito mb uifr ds poitds ios pfijæfs mb jbrmds tdehæe.
3. Zbeprb dko`deos os pfijæfs be pæ mbitro mb ue rbjfpfbitb, jdso iêo vbild utfkfzä-kos febmfdtdebitb, mbfxdimo sbjdr idturdkebitb dtæ o mfd sbcufitb (gfcurd 2:). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 2= ‚ ^fijæfs mb eoklo be ue rbjfpfbitb joe äcud b joimfjfoidmor. 46
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Kbehrdeos qub, dpús tbrefidr mb usdr dkcue pfijbk, mbvb kbvä-ko do rbjfpfbitb joe äcud pdrd postbrfor kdvdcbe ou, jdso vbild utfkfzä-ko iovdebitb, kfepdr joe o pdio sbjo. Æ hoe kbehrdr tdehæe qub, dpús d gfidkfzdãêo mo trdhdklo, kdvdr os pfijæfs b joisbrväkos md edibfrd joeo bisfideos. bisfideos.
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Bssbs projbmfebitos mb kdvdcbe mos pfijæfs b mb mbfxdr mb eoklo mbvbe sbr gbftos tdehæe joe os rokos mb bspued. • Os rokos mb bspued mbvbe sbjdr do idturdk, iêo pombimo djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe joe o sbjdmor mb jdhbko. • Os pfijæfs qub gorde utfkfzdmos joe vbrifz mbvbe sbr dko`dmos be ue rbjfpfbitb mb vfmro joe dcudrräs ou tåibr por 4> efiutos, efiutos, johrfim johrfimo o tomd d poitd, poitd, ditb ditbss sbrbe kdvdmos.
^dsso d ^dsso ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjordãêo joe jdrfeho pdrd drtbsdidto O jdrfeho pdrd drtbsdidto æ ued útfed opãê op ãêo o pd pdrd rd mb mbjo jord rdrr ds pb pbãd ãdss mb EM EMG G jo joe e mf mfgb gb-rbitbs eotfvos joeo jordãêo, pdtfilds mb jdjlorro, gkorbzfilds btj. Wb`d, id gfcurd 27 o jdrfeho mb drtbsdidto qub vdeos usdr id mbjordãêo mbssb pdsso d pdsso, ibssb jdso, mb pdtfilds mb jdjlorro.
Joisbrvdãêo Os pfijæfs b os rokos mb bspued sbeprb mbvb mb vbe e sb sbrr dk dko` o`dm dmos os be pæ pæ,, mb jd jdhb hbãd ãd pd pdrd rd jf jfed ed,, mbit mb itro ro mb ue rb rbjf jfpf pfbi bitb tb (gfc Edss td tdeh ehæe æe gfcurd urd 22). Ed bxfstbe bsto`os dproprfdmos pdrd dko`dr os pfijæfs b rokos mb bspued.
pdrd drtbsdidto mb pdtfilds pdtfilds mb jdjlorro. Gfcurd 27 ‚ Jdrfeho pdrd
Gfcurd 22 ‚ ^fijæfs b roko mb bspued dko`dmos be pæ.
Wdeos joilbjbr, dcord, o edtbrfdk mbssb pdsso d pdsso (gfcurd 23)0
Dcord qub dprbimb dprbimbeos eos d prbpdrd prbpdrdrr b d pfitdr ued pbãd mb EMG dmbqudmdebitb b d kdvdr b joisbrvdr os pfijæfs b os rokos mb bspued, vdeos mdr joitfiufmdmb dos projbmfebit eb itos os pd pdss sso o d pd pdss sso1 o1 dk dkæe æe md pf pfit itur urd, d, mbjordrbeos ds pbãds joe jdrfeho, rbkbvo, dmbsfvos b bstàijfk. D pdr pdrtfr tfr mbss mbssb b prúxfeo prúxfeo pdsso pdsso d pdsso, pdsso, iêo eostrdrbeos eostr drbeos d prfebfrd btdpd, qub æ d prbpd prbpdrdrdãêo md pbãd mb EMG joe hdsb b kfxdebito. Jdso o dkuio tbild dkcued mðvfmd, voktb d bssd prfeb pr febfr frd d bt btdp dpd d pd pdrd rd rb rbkb kbeh ehrd rdrr. Ds pb pbãd ãdss `ä sb sbrê rêo o dprbsbitdmds joe hdsb b kfxdmds. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Edtbrfdk0 • ^bãd mb EMG `ä prbpdrdmd joe hdsb djråkfjd b kfxdmd (portd-käpfs)1 • ^fijæfs mb pbkos ios 7 b 47 pdrd ds tfitds1 • ^fijbk mb pbkos i° 47 pdrd o vbrifz1 • ]fi ]fitds tds djråkfjds djråkfjds mbjordtfvds mbjordtfvds mb djdhde djdhdebito bito gosj go sjo o id idss jo jorb rbss mb mbsb sb`d `dmd mdss (d (dzu zuk-k-jb jbkbs kbstb tb b pr prbt btd) d)11 • Jdrfeho pdrd drtbsdidto1 • Wbrifz kåqufmo joe o djdhdebito mbsb `dmo (hrfklditb). 8>
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
8. Dcord, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tftfit itd d dz dzuk uk-j -jbk bkbs bstb tb io kd kdmo mo mb mb mbit itro ro,, jo joe e o eb ebse seo o pfij pf ijbk bk.. Dj Djbk bkbr brde deos os d sb sbjd jdcb cbe e ko koco co be sb sbcu cufm fmd. d. :. Joe d pbãd sbjd, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd dcord id hdsb mo portdkäpf kä pfs, s, ut utfkfkfz fzdi dimo mo o pf pfij ijbk bk mb pb pbko koss i° 7. Djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe. =. Joe o portd-käpfs sbjo, pdssdeos d sbcuimd mbeêo mb tfitd be tomd d pbãd b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe. Wb`d joeo gfjou d pbãd mbpofs mds muds mbeêos mb tfitd (gfcurd 26).
Gfcurd 23 ‚ Edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso.
Kbehrdeos qub, io edtbrfdk utfkfzdmo, sbeprb fijkuåeos ue rbjfpfbitb joe äcud pdrd pd rd os pf pfij ijæf æfs, s, ue pd pdio io sb sbjo jo pd pdrd rd kfkfep epää-ko kos, s, ue rbjfpfbitb pdrd ds tfitds b o sbjdmor mb jdhb jd hbko ko pd pdrd rd dj djbk bkbr brdr dr d sb sbjd jdcb cbe. e. Be to tomo moss os projbmfebitos projbm febitos mbssb jurso, sbeprb vdeos usdr bstbs utbisåkfos.
^dsso d pdsso0 4. Joe d pbãd `ä prbpdrdmd joe hdsb djråkfjd b kfxdmd, joebãdeos d pfitdr tomo o portd-käpfs joe d tfitd dzuk-jbkbstb, utfkfzdimo o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 47 md edibfrd joeo bisfideos (gfcurd 2<). ^rfebfro, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd io kdmo mb gord ‚ ebios id hdsb, qub sbrä o dpofo mds eêos ‚ b, mbpofs, djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe joe o sbjdmor.
Gfcurd 26 ‚ ^ortd-käpfs totdkebitb pfitdmo b sbjo.
Dcord, rd, vdeos vdeos bxbjut bxbjutdr dr ued kfimd kfimd mbjo2. Dco rdãêo joe o jdrfeho. ^rfebfro, jokojdeos d pbãd pb ãd mb mbftftdm dmd d so sohr hrb b d eb ebsd sd b bs bsjo jokl klbe beos os os eb eb-klorbs kojdfs pdrd ds jdrfehdmds. Mbpofs, rbtfrdeos o pfijbk i° 7 mo rbjfpfbitb joe äcud b o kfepdeoss joe o pdio sbjo1 joe bkb, pdssdeos kfepdeo d tftfit itd d pr prbt btd d be to tomo mo o mb mbsb sbil ilo o mo jd jdrf rfeh eho, o, sb sbe e sdfr mo joitorio mo mbsbilo (gfcurd 7>).
Gfcurd 2< ‚ ^rfebfrd mbeêo io kdmo mb gord mo portd-käpfs.
Ohsbrvb sbeprb d posfãêo mo pfijbk, ju`d poitd mbvb bstdr mbftdmd sohrb d pbãd. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 7> ‚ ^fitdimo o mbsbilo mo jdrfeho joe tfitd prbtd. 84
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
7. Zbcurdeos hbe gfreb o jdrfeho b, febmfdtdebitb, jdrfehdeos d pbãd be sbitfmo rbto, sbe fivbrtbr d posfãêo id lord md jdrfehdmd pdrd iêo horrdr o mbsbilo (gfcurds 74 b 78 ). Fsso mbvb sbr gbfto hbe räpfmo, pofs d tfitd sbjd rdpfmdebitb. Jdrfehdeos os qudtro kdmos mo portd-käpfs.
Gfcurd 7: ‚ ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjordãêo joe jdrfeho pdrd drtbsdidto.
Be qudkqubr pbãd mb EMG qub tbild ued pdrtb fitbrid, joeo ue portd-käpfs, ued jdfxd, ue hdð btj., iêo bivbrifzdeos d pdrtb mb mbitro, pofs iêo sdhbeos o qub sbrä jokojdmo mbitro.
^dsso d ^dsso ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjordãêo joe rbkbvos b jldtois
Zbcurd urdimohbe imohbe gfr gfreb eb o jdr jdrfeh feho o mur murdit ditb b d jdr jdrfeh fehdmd. dmd. Gfcurd Gfc urd74 74 ‚ Zbc
O rbkbvo æ tumo dqufko qub sohrbssdf mb ued pbãd pkdid, goredimo sdkfàijfds, mdimo mbstdqub b rbdkjb. ^ombeos bxbjutdr rbkbvos be ued pbãd mb EMG joe tfitd rbkbvo joe ckfttbr , ebtdkfzdmds b mb mfvbrsds jorbs (gfcurd 7=).
Gfcurd 78 ‚ Mbsbilo mo jdrfeho io portd-käpfs.
3. Djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe mos mbsbilos b, por gfe, pdssdeos vbrifz hrfklditb be tomd d pbãd joe o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 47 sbpdrdmo pdrd fsso, sbe bivbrifzdr d pdrtb mb mbitro.
Gfcurd 7= ‚ ]fitds rbkbvo joe ckfttbr , ebtdkfzdmd b rosd.
<. Joe o portd-käpfs totdkebitb bivbrifzdm dmo, o, vb vb`d `d joe oeo o gfgfjo jou u d pb pbããd jo joe e bs bsssd kfkfim imd d mb mb-jordãêo mb pdtfilds mb jdjlorro id gfcurd 7:. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Outrd opãêo pdrd bxbjutdr os rbkbvos æ utfkfzdr jokd joe ckfttbr . 88
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Edtbrfdk0
Re ou outr tro o tftfpo po mb mb mbjo jord rdãê ãêo o qu qub b vd vdeo eoss bg bgbbtudr id pbãd mb EMG æ joe pbqubios bigbftbs jldedmos jldtois (pd (pdkdv kdvrd rd grd grdijb ijbsd sd qub sfc sfcifgf ifgfjd jd ‛cdtfilo―). ^drd jokä-kos id pbãd, utfkfzdeos jokd pdrd pd rd tb tbjf jfmo mo (o (ou u jo jokd kd pd pdrd rd kd kdit itb` b`ou oukd kd)) ‚ gf gfcu curd rd 72.
• ^bãd mb EMG prbpdrdmd (ordtúrfo)1 • ^fijæfs mb pbkos ios 7 b 47 pdrd ds tfitds1 • ^fijbk mb pbkos i° 47 pdrd o vbrifz1 • ^f ^fij ijbk bk mb jb jbrm rmds ds jo joe e po poit itd d rb rbmo moim imd d i° >1 • ]fitds djråkfjds mbjordtfvds mb djdhdebito gosjo ids jorbs mbsb`dmds (edrroejkdro, dzuk-jbkbstb b hrdijo)1 • ]fitd rbkbvo (ckfttbr mourdmo)1 mourdmo)1 • Jldtois mfvbrsos (pbqubids gkorbs dzuk b hrdijd)1 • Jokd pdrd tbjfmo tbjfmo11 • Wbrifz kåqufmo joe o djdhdebito mbsb `dmo (hrfklditb).
Gfcurd 72 ‚ Jldtois mfvbrsos b jokd pdrd tbjfmo.
Iêo æ rbjoebimdmo utfkfzdr jokds fistditèibds b ds jokds joe tdepd vbrebkld1 bstd ðktfed æ usdmd be trdhdklos bsjokdrbs, iêo be drtbsdidto. Joeo d pbãd mb EMG sbrä ue pbqubio ordt or dtúr úrfo fo,, vd vdeos eosbx bxbj bjut utdr dr o mb mbsb sbil ilo o mb eu euftd ftdss iu iu-vbis vb is mb mbitr itro o md pbã pbãd, d, ut utfkf fkfzd zdim imo, o, pdr pdrd d fs fsso so,, ue pfi pfi-jbkk mb jbr jb brmd mdss joe po poit itd d rb rbmo moim imd d i° > (gf gfcu curd rd 77).
Gfcurd 73 ‚ Edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso.
^dsso d pdsso0 4. Joe d pbãd `ä prbpdrdmd, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd edrroe-jkdrd id pdrtb mb gord mo ordtúrfo, utfkfzdimo o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 47 (gfcurd 7<). Iêo pfitdeos d pdrtb mb träs dfimd, pofs bkd sbrä o dpofo mds eêos.
Gfcurd 77 ‚ ^fijbk mb jbrmds joe poitd rbmoimd i° >.
Joe tom tomds ds bss bssds ds fig figore oredãò dãòbs, bs, dco dcord rd vdeos joilbjbr o edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso (gfcurd 73)0 Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 7< ‚ ^rfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd edrroe-jkdrd id pdrtb mb gord mo ordtúrfo. 8:
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
8. Mbpofs, dko`deos bssb prfebfro pfijbk io rbjfpfbitb joe äcud b, joe o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 7, pfitdeos os jditos ebiorbs. Mbpofs mb usdmo, dko`deos bssb pfijbk io rbjfpfbitb joe äcud. :. Gbfto fsso, djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe, rbtfrdeos o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 47 mo rbjfpfbitb, kfepdeos joe o pdio sbjo b, joe bkb, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd id pdrtb mb träs mo ordtúrfo. Mbpofs, djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe iovdebitb. Gfcurd 3> ‚ ^oitd mo pfijbk mb jbrmds i° > uebmbjfmd joe d tfitd dzuk-jbkbstb.
=. Joe d pbãd sbjd, pdssdeos d sbcuimd mbeêo mb tfitd edrroe-jkdrd be tomd d pbãd md edibfrd joeo bisfideos b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe. 2. Wb`d joeo gfjou d pbãd joe ds muds mbeêos mb tfitd edrroe-jkdrd ( gf gf-curd 76 ).
Gfcurd 34 ‚ Bgbtudimo kbvbs hdtfmds joe d tfitd dzuk-jbkbstb.
3. Djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe, kfepdeos o pfijbk joe ue poujo mb äcud b pdio sbjo b gdzbeos o ebseo projbmfebito joe d tfitd hrdijd, toedimo o jufmdmo mb iêo johrfr o prfebfro mbsbilo (gfcurd 38). Mbpofs, djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe iovdebitb.
Gfcurd 76 ‚ Ordtúrfo joe muds mbeêos mb tfitd edrroe-jkdrd.
7. O prúxfeo pdsso æ bxbjutdr ue mbsbilo mb iuvbis mbitro mo ordtúrfo. ^drd fsso, vdeos utfkfzdr o pfijbk mb jbrmds joe d poitd rbmoimd i° > b ds tfitds dzuk-jbkbstb b hrdijd. ^rfebfro, do mbspb`dr d tfitd dzuk-jbkbstb io rbjfpfbitb, uebmbjbeos d poitd mo pfijbk, sbe jdrrbcä-ko b, joe bkb, mdeos kbvbs hdtfmds mbitro mo ordtúrfo, bxbjutdimo o mbsbilo mds iuvbis ( gfcurds 3> b 34 ). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 38 ‚ Bgbtudimo kbvbs hdtfmds joe d tfitd hrdijd. 8=
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
<. Joe ds iuvbis `ä bxbjutdmds b hbe sbjds, dcord vdeos gdzbr o rbkbvo io kdmo mb gord mo ordtúrfo. Rtfkfzdimo d tfitd rbkbvo joe mourdmo, bgbtudeos kfilds oimukdmds ckfttbr mourdmo, joe d poitd mo grdsjo ( gfcurd 3:).
Gfcurd 32 ‚ Jldtoi sbimo jokdmo.
Gfcurd 3: ‚ Mbjordãêo joe rbkbvo sbimo bxbjutdmd.
6. Bxbjutdmos os rbkbvos, dcord, vdeos jokdr os jldtois pdrd mbfxdr o ordtúrfo dfimd edfs hoifto. Joe d jokd pdrd tbjfmo, dpkfjdeos ued cotd io kojdk bsjoklfmo b, mbpofs, jokdeos ue jldtoi joe d poitd mo mbmo, ou joe o duxåkfo mb ued pfiãd. Mbpofs, prbssfoideos joe o mbmo pdrd qub o jldtoi sb gfxb hbe (gfcurds 3=, 32 b 37).
Gfcurd 37 ‚ Gfxdimo hbe o jldtoi joe d poitd mo mbmo.
Dcudrmdeos mdeos d sbjd sbjdcbe cbe md jokd b mos 4>. Dcudr rbkb rb kbvo voss po porr 8= lo lord rdss pd pdrd rd,, mb mbpo pofs fs,, gfgfid idkfkfzd zdrr o tr trddhdklo joe vbrifz hrfklditb be tomo o ordtúrfo.
44. Joe d pbãd bivbrifzdmd, vb`d joeo gfjou o ordtúrfo joe bssbs rbkbvos b jldtois (gfcurd 33).
Gfcurd 3= ‚ Dpkfjdimo ued cotd mb jokd pdrd tbjfmo io kojdk bsjoklfmo. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Ordt dtúr úrfo fo pfitdm itdmo o jo joe e mb mbjo jord rdãê ãêo o mb rb rbkb kbvo voss b jldtois. Gfcurd Gfc urd 33 ‚ Or 82
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
^dsso d ^dsso ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjordãêo joe dmbsfvos Os dmbsfvos tdehæe sbrvbe pdrd gdzbr ued hbkd mbjordãêo, pombimo sbr bijoitrdmos be qudkqubr pdpbkdrfd ou ebseo be ko`ds mb drtbsdidto (gfcurd 3<).
Gfcurd 36 ‚ Edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso.
^dsso d pdsso0 4. ^rfebfro, tfrdeos d pdrtb mb träs mo portd-rbtrdto, pofs iêo vdeos pfitä-kd. 8. Gbfto fsto, joe o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 4=, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd kfkäs-jkdrd id pdrtb md grbitb mo portd-rbtrdto, mbfxdimo ds kdtbrdfs sbe tfitd. :. Mbpofs mb djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe joe o sbjdmor, pdssdeos d sbcuimd mbeêo mb tfitd b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe iovdebitb.
Gfcurd 3< ‚ Dmbsfvos mfvbrsos.
Dk cu cuis is dm dmbs bsfv fvos os sú po pomb mbe e sb sbrr jo jo-kdmos joe jokd be cbk pdrd mæjoupdcb. Wbrbeos sohrb o dssuito edfs dmfditb.
=. Joe d pdrtb md grbitb pfitdmd, pdssdeos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd rosd-bsjurd ids kdtbrdfs mo portd-rbtrdto joe o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 7 (gfcurd <>). Djbkbrd Djbkbrdeos eos d sbjdcbe, sbjdcbe, pdssdeos d sbcuimd mbeêo b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe iovdebitb.
Æ joe bkbs qub vdeos bxbjutdr d mbjordãêo dpús d pfiturd id pbãd mb EMG. Wb`d o edtbrfdk mo pdsso d pdsso (gfcurd 36)0
Edtbrfdk0 • ^bãd mb EMG prbpdrdmd (portd-rbtrdto)1 • ^fijbk mb pbkos i os 7 b 4= pdrd ds tfitds1 • ^fijbk mb jbrmds i° 4= pdrd o vbrifz1 • ]fitds djråkfjds mbjordtfvds mb djdhdebito gosjo id jorbs mbsb`dmds (rosd-bsjuro b kfkäs-jkdro)1 • Dmbsfvos mfvbrsos1 • Wbrifz kåqufmo joe o djdhdebito mbsb `dmo (hrfklditb). Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd <> ‚ ^fitdimo ds kdtbrdfs mo portd-rbtrdto. 87
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
2. Joe ds kdtbrdfs `ä pfitdmds, voktdeos d utfkfkfz ut fzdr dr o pf pfij ijbk bk mb pb pbko koss i° 4= pd pdrd rd pf pfit itdr dr d pd pdrrtb mb tr träs äs mo por portdtd-rb rbtr trdt dto o jo joe e d tfi tfitd td kfk kfkäs äs-j -jkdr kdrd, d, kbe kbe-hrdim hr dimo o mb dj djbkb bkbrd rdrr d sb sbjd jdcbe cbe,, pd pdss ssdr dr d sb sbcui cuimd md mbeê mb eêo o b dj djbk bkbr brdr dr d sb sbjd jdcb cbe e io iovd vdeb ebit itb. b. Iê Iêo o pf pf-tdeos ds kdtbrdfs md djopkdcbe md pdrtb mb träs mb edmbfrd rbtfrdmd ditbs.
Jokdmos os dmb dmbsfv sfvos, os, pom pombeos beos <. Jokdmos dfim df imd d md mdrr ue dj djdh dhde debi bito to eb ebkl klor or do portd-rbtrdto. Ibssb jdso, utfkfzdeos d tfitd rbkbvo joe ckfttbr ids jorbs dzuk b vbrmb pdrd mbsbildr pbqubids dkcds b oimds ( gfcurd <: ).
7. Joe d pbãd totdkebitb pfitdmd b sbjd, ditbs mb jokdr os dmbsfvos, pdssdeos o vbrifz hrfklditb be tomd d pbãd b mbfxdeos sbjdr por dkcuis efiutos. Mbpofs mb sbjd, jokojdeos d pdrtb mb träs mo portd-rbtrdto. 3. Dcord, bsjoklbeos dkcuis dmbsfvos b os jokdeos ios kojdfs qub mbsb`deos (gfcurds <4 b < <88).
Gfcurd <: ‚ ^ortd-rbtrdto pfitdmo b mbjordmo joe dmbsfvos b rbkbvos.
^dsso d ^dsso ^fiturd be edmbfrd b mbjordãêo joe bstàijfk O bstàijfk mb djbtdto æ joeo sb gossb ue eokmb rbjortdmo. Joe fiðebros mbsbilos pdrd usdr d jrfdtfvfmdmb id mbjordãêo md pbãds mb EMG, o bstàijfk pomb sbr bijoitrdmo be qudkqubr ko`d mb drtbsdidto (gfcurd <=).
Gfcurd <4 ‚ Xbtfrdimo ue dmbsfvo md jdrtbkd.
Gfcurd <8 ‚ Jokdimo o dmbsfvo io portd-rbtrdto .
Mbpbimbim Mbpbim bimo o md dmb dmbrài ràijfd jfd mbs mbssbs sbs tfpos mb dmbsfvos utfkfzdmos ibssb pdsso d pdsso, bstbs pombe sbr jokdmos joe jokd cbk pdrd mæjoupdcb. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd <= ‚ Bstàijbfs mb djbtdto. 83
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
O drtbsêo tdehæe pomb jrfdr sbus prúprfos prúprf os bstàijbfs joe goklds mb djbtdto vbimfmds be pdpbkdrfds. @uito joe o bstàijfk, utfkfzdeos pbqubios hdtbmorbs mb edmbfrd joe poitd mb bspued ( gfcurd <2 ) ou, sb prbgbrfr, pombeos usdr o pfijbk mb jbrmds mb poitd rbmoimd i° > dprbsb dprbsbitdmo itdmo ditbs.
Gfcurd <7 ‚ Edtbrfdk pdrd o pdsso d pdsso.
^dsso d pdsso0 4. ^rfebfro, johrfeos os portd-jldvbs mb ebtdk joe gftd-jrbpb pdrd bvftdr edijlds mb tfitd (gfcurd <3).
Gfcurd <2 ‚ Hdtbmorbs mb edmbfrd crdimb b pbqubio.
Mbpofs mbstd dprbsbitdãêo, vdeos joilbjbrr o edtbrfd joilbjb edtbrfdkk mo pdsso d pdsso ( gf gf-curd <7 ).
Edtbrfdk0 • ^bãd mb EMG prbpdrdmd (portd-jld-
Johrfim fimo o os por portd-j td-jldv ldvbs bs mb ebt ebtdk dk joe gftd gftd-jrb -jrbpb. pb. Gfcurd <3 ‚ Johr
• Bs Bstà tàij ijfkfk jo joe e o mb mbsb sbil ilo o mb mbsb sb`d `dmo mo (vdsos joe edrcdrfmd)1 • Gftd-jrbpb1 • ^fijbk mb pbkos i° 47 pdrd d tfitd1 • ^fijbk mb jbrmds i° 47 pdrd o vbrifz1 • Hdtbmorbs mb edmbfrd crdimb b pbqubio1 • ]fitds djråkfjds mbjordtfvds mb djdhdebito gosjo ids jorbs mbsb`dmds (drbfd, edrroe-jkdro, vbrmb-jkdro b dedrbko)1 • Wbrifz kåqufmo joe o djdhdebito mbsb `dmo (hrfklditb).
Gbfto o fs fsso so,, pd pdss ssde deos os d pr prfe febfr bfrd d 8. Gbft mbeêo mb tfitd id jor drbfd id pdrtb md grbitb mo portd-jldvbs, utfkfzdimo o pfijbk mb pbkos i° 47.
vbs)1
Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
:. Djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe pdrd, mbpofs, pdssdreos d prfebfrd mbeêo mb tfitd id pdrtb mb träs md pbãd, djbkbrdimo d sbjdcbe koco be sbcufmd. Joe e d pb pbãd ãd sb sbjd jd,, pd pdss ssde deos os d sb sbcu cuim imd d =. Jo mbeêo mb tfitd id pdrtb md grbitb. Djbkbr Djbkbrdeos deos d 8<
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
sbjdcb sbjd cbe, e, pd pdss ssde deos os d sb sbcu cuim imd d mbe mbeêo êo id pd pdrt rtb b mb träs b djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe tdehæe.
2. Joe d pbãd totdkebitb sbjd, dcord, vdeos utfkfzdr o bstàijfk pdrd bxbjutdr kfimos mbsbilos mbsbil os mb vdsos joe edrcdrfmd. ^rfebfro, prbimbeos o bstàijfk sohrb o portd-jldvbs joe gftd-jrbpb (gfcurd <<).
Gfcurd 6> ‚ Mdimo kbvbs hdtfmds sohrb o mbsbilo mo bstàijfk.
Æ hoe tdehæe gdzbr dkcueds prbssòbs joe o hdtbmor dtæ ohtbr d toidkfmdmb mbsb`dmd.
3. Mbpofs mb utfkfzdr o hdtbmor edfor, kbvdeos dtæ o rbjfpfbitb joe äcud pdrd postbrfor kdvdcbe.
Gfcurd << ‚ ^rbimbimo o bstàijfk joe gftd-jrbpb.
7. Mbpofs, joe o hdtbmor crdimb, uebmbjbeos d poitd joe d tfitd edrroe-jkdrd mbspb`dmd mbspb` dmd io rbjfpf rbjfpfbitb, bitb, rbtfrdeos o bxjbs bxjbsso so b, koco be sbcufmd, mdeos kbvbs hdtfmds sohrb o mbsbilo mo bstàijfk, ibssb jdso, ios vdsos (gfcurds <6 b 6>).
Dcord, d, bxbj bxbjutde utdeos os os mbsb mbsbilos ilos mds go<. Dcor klds b mos jdhos mds edrcdrfmds, utfkfzdimo o hdtbmor pbqubio b tfitd vbrmb-jkdrd. Mbpofs, joe ue outro hdtbmor pbqubio b tfitd dedrbkd, bxbjutdeos ds pætdkds (gfcurds 64 b 68). Mbpofs po fs mb ut utfkfkfz fzdr dr os hd hdtb tbmo morb rbss eb ebio iorb rbs, s, dk dko` o`de deos os io rb rbjf jfpf pfbi bitb tb jo joe e äc äcud ud pd pdrd rd po post stbr brfo forr kd kdvd vdcb cbe. e.
Gfcurd <6 ‚ Rebmbjbimo d poitd mo hdtbmor edfor joe d tfitd edrroe-jkdrd b rbtfrdimo o bxjbsso. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
Gfcurd 64 ‚ Bxbjutdimo o mbsbilo mds goklds b mos jdhos. 86
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Gfcurd 6= ‚ Xbtfrdimo o bstàijfk joe eufto jufmdmo.
4>. Xbtfrdeos ds gftds-jrbpbs mos portdjldvbss mb ebtdk b gfidkfzd jldvb gfidkfzdeos eos joe vbrifz hrfklditb. Wb`d joeo gfjou o portd-jldvbs mbpofs mb pfitdmo b mbjor mbjordmo dmo id gfcurd 62.
Gfcurd 68 ‚ Bxbjutdimo o mbsbilo mds pætdkds.
^ombeos pbrjbhbr, id gfcurd 64, qub gof ibjbssärfo jokojdr pbmdãos mb gftd-jrbpb sohrb ds pætdkds pdrd bvftdr edijlds mb tfitd vbrmb sohrb bkds.
6. Bxbjutdmos os mbsbilos, pombeos rbtfrdr d gftd-jrbpb b, mbpofs, o bstàijfk joe eufto jufmdmo pdrd iêo edijldr d pbãd (gfcurds 6: b 6= ). Gbfto fsso, mbfxdeos o mbsbilo sbjdr idturdkebitb idturd kebitb por 8= lords1 iêo djbkbrdeos d sbjdcbe be mbsbilos bxbjutdmos joe bstàijfk, pofs d pbãd pomb sb edijldr.
Gfcurd 62 ‚ ^ortd-jldvbs pfitdmo b mbjordãêo joe bstàijfk.
Ohsbrvdãòbs • Mbpofs mb utfkfzdr o hdtbmor, dssfe joeo jo eo os pfi pfijæ jæfs fs,, mbv mbvbe beos os kd kdvä vä-k -kos os md eb ebse sed d edibfrd, joe mbtbrcbitb, bspoi`d mb jozfild b äcud jorr jorrbitb. bitb. Zb qufsbr qufsbr,, pomb mbfxämbfxä-kos kos mb eoklo joe äcud b joimfjfoidmor tdehæe. • Kdvdeos os bstàijbfs tdehæe joe mbtbrcbitb, bspoi`d mb jozfild b äcud jorrbitb, mbfxdimo sbjdr idturdkebitb ou joe ue pdio sbjo.
Gfcurd 6: ‚ Xbtfrdimo d gftd jrbpb mo bstàijfk. Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
:>
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
Wb`d sb Dprbimbu - Dukd 4 4. D sfckd EMG, be portucuàs, sfcifgfjd0 d) ( ) Gfhrd Gfhrd mb Crdimb Crdimb Fitbis Fitbisfmdmb. fmdmb. h) ( ) Edmbfrd Edmbfrd mb Eæmfd Eæmfd Fitbisfm Fitbisfmdmb. dmb. j) ( ) Gfhrd Gfhrd mb Eæmf Eæmfd d Mbisfm Mbisfmdmb dmb.. m) ( ) Edmbfrd Edmbfrd mb Mbisfmdmb Mbisfmdmb Grdjd Grdjd.. prbpdrdr d pbãd mb EMG ditbs mb rbjbhbr d tfitd? 8. O qub mbvbeos utfkfzdr pdrd prbpdrdr d) ( ) Hdsb Hdsb djråkfjd djråkfjd b kfxd kfxd pdrd pdrd edmbfrd. edmbfrd. h) ( ) Wbrifz Wbrifz mb mb djdhdebito djdhdebito gosjo gosjo b kfxd pdrd edmbfrd. edmbfrd. j) ( ) Hdsb djråkf djråkfjd jd b sbjdmor sbjdmor mb jdhbko. jdhbko. m) ( ) Wbri brifz fz be sprdy b b sbjdmor mb jdhbko.
:. ^ombeos utfkfzdr o pfijbk mb jbrmds tdehæe pdrd pdssdr d tfitd djråkfjd id pbãd mb EMG. Bssd dgfredãêo æ0 ( ) vbr brmd mdmb mbfr frd d
( ) gd gdks ksd d
=. D kfxd pdrd edmbfrd fmbdk pdrd pbãds mb EMG æ d mb crdid0 d) ( ) 48 48>. >. h) ( ) 88 88>. >. j) ( ) := :=>. >. m) ( ) => =>>. >. 2. Id lord mb pdssdr d hdsb b d tfitd djråkfjd, quditds mbeêos sêo rbjoebimdmds? d) ( ) Re Red. d. h) ( ) Mu Muds ds.. j) ( ) ]rà ràs. s. m) ( ) Tu Tudt dtro ro.. 7. Be qudkqubr pbãd mb EMG qub tbild ued pdrtb fitbrid, iêo bivbrifzdeos d pdrtb mb mbitro. Bssd dgfredãêo æ0 ( ) vb vbrm rmdm dmbf bfrrd
( ) gd gdks ksd d
3. Bgbtudeos d mbjordãêo joe rbkbvo utfkfzdimo0 d) ( ) jokd jokd pdr pdrd d tbjf tbjfmo. mo. h) ( ) jokd jokd bsj bsjokdr okdr.. j) ( ) tfitd tfitd djr djråkfj åkfjd. d. m) ( ) tfi tfitd td rbk rbkbvo bvo.. <. ^ombeos djbkbrdr d sbjdcbe mb mbsbilos bxbjutdmos joe bstàijfk ioredkebitb. Bssd dgfredãêo æ0 ( ) vbr brm mdmb mbffrd
( ) gdks ksd d
Ohs0 D rbspostd mo Wb`d sb Dprbimbu md Dukd 4, sb bijoitrd io Wb`d sb Dprbimbu Dukd 8 Jurso mb ^fiturd be Edmbfrd b Mæjoupdcb - Dukd 4
:4
Fistftuto Rifvbrsdk Hrdsfkbfro
