overview of gas leakage detector useful for projects
Pengenalan Gas Detector
Security has been major issue in industry and house. Here number of Accidents are increasing day by day. Here, we saw many examples in our day to day life about those accidents that are being occurred due to combustible gases Like LPG, CNG. Frequentl
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PRESENTATION
Submitted By:SANCHIT BATRA08502944 SANC SA NCHI HIT T GAR GARG G 08502 0850294 947 7
The ‘Combustible Gas Detector’ with the help of ‘MQ2 Gas Sensor’ is successfully detecting the presence of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) gas. MQ2 gas sensor was used to detect LPG at room temperature as well as ±100 C of room temperature and the output voltage was noted. The project, project, detects the gas, identifies if it is more more than the required required amount or not and if it is so then it raises an alarm and a red LED blinks.
BEFORE T2:
Choosing a suitable sensor, procurement of various measuring instruments and then assembling the test circuit. Test is to be performed on sensor for LPG at room conditions.
AFTER T2:
To make an interface with the sensor, so that the sensor could be practically used to detect LPG. The interface is designed in such a way that it alerts the user if the intensity of gas increases by a certain amount.
The MQ-2 gas sensor is sensitive to LPG, alcohol, etc. The resistance of the sensitive component changes as the concentration of the target gas changes. Sensitive material of MQ-2 gas sensor is SnO 2, which with lower conductivity in clean air. When the target combustible gas exist, the sensor’s conductivity is more high along with the gas concentration rising that changes the conductivity to correspond output signal of gas concentration. It can work from -20 oC to 50oC at relative humidity of less than 95%.
TEMPERATURE
CONCENTRATION OF GAS
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
34 C
LOW
0.61 v
34 C
HIGH
3.20 v
26 C
LOW
0.70 v
26 C
HIGH
3.01 v
14 C
LOW
0.63 v
14 C
HIGH
2.82 v
DOMESTIC GAS LEAK DETECTOR The MQ2 gas sensor senses the gas and its output is send to the comparator and the decision is taken. If gas is leaking then logic one is send to the microcontroller and then red led blinks and a buzzer is sounded. If gas is not leaking then green led glows. There is a LCD screen that displays the condition of the room.
REGULATED POWER SUPPLY
COMPARATOR
MQ 2 GAS SENSOR (INPUT)
LCD DISPLAY (OUTPUT)
MICROCONTROLLER
BUZZER (OUTPUT)
The low-power Atmel 8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller combines 8KB of programmable flash memory, 1KB of SRAM, 512K EEPROM, and a 6 or 8 channel 10-bit A/D converter. The device supports throughput of 16 MIPS at 16 MHz and operates between 2.75.5 volts. It has 23 programmable input-output lines.
The LM358 series consists of two independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power power supply supply over over a wide range of voltages. voltages. Operation Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power power supply supply current current drain is independen independentt of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.
We are using LM 358 as comparator to compare the sensor’s output with reference output.
2) PORTABLE GAS DETECTOR i) Confined Space Entry: The instrument can be used to check the
level of gas in sewers, tanks and other vessels before entering: • Public utilities - especially water and telecoms • Chemical and petrochemical - for entry into vessels • Cabling contractors • Piling contractors • Tunneling contractors • Civil engineers • Landfill operators
1.
The The proje project ct can can be be comb combine ined d with with GSM GSM base based d mod module ule to SMS SMS the user user of a potential gas leak as well as gas gas leak in actual.
2.
A rob roboti oticc arm arm can can also be joined joined to microc microcon ontro troller ller to autom automatic atically ally close the gas cylinder.
3.
The The pro project ject can be made made for for other other appl applicat ication ion of gas sensor sensor as well. well.
4.
The The sens sensor or can be tested tested for for smoke smoke and can also be used used as as a smok smokee detector and fire fighting fighting equipment. equipment.
1.
Gas sensors: principles, operation, and development by Giorgio Sberveglieri.
2.
Evaluation and applications of gas sensors by Hung Viet Cao, The University of Texas at Arlington. Electrical Engineering
3.
Solid State Gas Sensing by Elisabetta Comini, Guido Faglia, Giorgio Sberveglieri.
4.
8051 microcontrollers: an applications-based introduction by D. M. Calcutt, Frederick J. Cowan, G. Hassan Parchizadeh.
