EL NUEVO MODELO PROCESAL TIENE COMO FINALIDAD ESENCIAL REDUCIR LA DURACIÓN DE LOS PROCESOS LABORALES, QUE ACTUALMENTE DEMORAN ENTRE 4 Y 8 AÑOS, A UN PROMEDIO DE SEIS MESES. Y es que un !e "s #$n!es #$n!es %nn&'(%&nes %nn&'(%&nes )$&(es"es )$&(es"es que *%ene *%ene es* n&$+ n&$+ es e" (+%& !e un s%s*e+ )$&(es" "&$" es($%*& un s%s*e+ )$&(es" "&$" &$". Se#-n e" $*(u"& I !e" T*u"& P$e"%+%n$ se %ns*%*u/e e" )$%n(%)%& !e &$"%!! (&+& %ns)%$!&$ !e" )$&(es& "&$", +%en*$s que e" $*(u"& 01 es*"e(e " &$"%!! en "&s )$&(es&s )&$ u!%en(%. As%+%s+&, es* nue' Le/ P$&(es" !e" T$2& 3LPT %ns*u$ (%n(& *%)&s !e )$&(es&s "&$"es5 e" )$&(es& &$!%n$%& "&$", e" $e'%!& "&$", e" %+)u#n*&$%& %+)u#n*&$%& !e "u!&s $%*$"es e(&n6+%(&s, e(&n6+%(&s, e" (u*e"$ / e" !e e2e(u(%6n.
De %#u" 7&$+, !es*( e" e(& !e que es*"e(e un )$&(es& es)e(%" 9 e" )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$" 9 )$ "s )$e*ens%&nes $e"*%'s " 'u"ne$(%6n !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(". M:s (un!& " !e7ens / $es)e*& !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(" e;%#en )"%($ $e#"s s%+)"es / !e (e"e$%!! (en*u!. L nue' Le/ P$&(es" L&$" )e$+%*%$: *u*e"$ es*e !e$e(& u+n& 7un!+en*" en 7&$+ $:)%! / e7e(*%'. S%n e+$#&, e;%s*en "#un&s s)e(*&s )&"<+%(&s que $eque$%$n un +/&$ !e*e. P-" Cs*e""n&s, &#!& "&$"%s*, (&ns%!e$ que " %ns*u$(%6n !e" )$&(es& "&$" $e'%!&, (&+& )$&(es& es)e(%" )$ *u*e"$ e" e2e$(%(%& !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(", es )$e&(u)n*e. Se=" que se#-n " 2u$%s)$u!en(% !e" T$%un" T$%un" C&ns*%*u(%&n" C&ns*%*u(%&n" 3TC, 3TC, e" )$&(es& )$&(es& !e +)$& +)$& es un ' )$&(es" )$&(es" %!6ne )$ que un s%n!%(*& )ue! e;%#%$ " *u*e" !e "&s %n*e$eses (&"e(*%'&s e %n!%'%!u"es !e sus >"%!&s, es)e(%"+en*e "&s '%n(u"!&s !%$e(*+en*e (&n e" e2e$(%(%& !e un !e$e(& (&ns*%*u(%&n" (&+& "& es " "%e$*! s%n!%(". As, n*e e" (s& !e un !es)%!& & *$s"!& +s%'& !e !%$%#en*es & >"%!&s, que 7e(* " "%e$*! s%n!%(" en su s)e(*& (&"e(*%'&, un s%n!%(*& )&! 9 s* n*es !e " nue' LPT 9 %n%(%$ un )$&(es& !e +)$& )$ &*ene$ " *u*e" !e" !e$e(& / "&#$$ " $e)&s%(%6n en e" )ues*& !e *$2&. I#u"+en*e, n*e " 'u"ne$(%6n !e &*$s +n%7es*(%&nes !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(" 9 (&+& e" !e$e(& !e %n7&$+(%6n 9 un s%n!%(*& )&! %n*e$)&ne$ un +)$& e;%#%en!&, (un!& +en&s, " e;%s*en(% !e un )e$%6!%(& +u$". Es*& +%s+& &(u$$%$: (&n " 'u"ne$(%6n " !e$e(& " ne#&(%(%6n (&"e(*%', (u/& e2e$(%(%& (&ns*%*u/e " ?$@6n !e se$ !e" !e$e(& " "%e$*! s%n!%(".
s* n*es !e" nue'& (6!%#& )$&(es" n& e;%s* un ' )$&(es" es)e(>( )$ " *u*e" !e "&s !e$e(&s s%n!%("es. C&n es* nue' "e/, " ' es)e(>( se$: e" )$&(es& "&$" $e'%!&. P&$ "& *n*&, n& (e " +en&$ !u! que (u"qu%e$ +)$& se$: $e(@!&, " +en&s )&$ "&s 2ue(es (&ns*%*u(%&n"es !e )$%+e$ %ns*n(% / )&$ "s (&$*es (%'%"es n%'e" n(%&n". Ve$e+&s (&+& e" TC !e>ne su (&+)e*en(% en es*&s (s&s. Es*& )&!$ 'u"ne$$, un 'e@ +:s, e" !e$e(& " "%e$*! 3(&+)$en!%!s )$:(*%(s !%s($%+%n*&$%s & %e$*+en*e n*%s%n!%("es. Y es que "&s 2ue(es en e" Pe$- 9 %n("u%! " C&$*e Su)$e+ 9 n& s6"& se ($(*e$%@n )&$ su )&$e 7&$+(%6n (!<+%(, s%n& que !e+:s +ues*$n un %s*6$%( / se(u"$ *$!%(%6n "e#"%s* en " )"%((%6n !e" s%s*e+ 2u$!%(&. En es*e es(en$%&, s"'& (&n*!s e;(e)(%&nes, $esu"* !%7(%" en(&n*$$ 7""&s que, %ns)%$!&s en "&s ($%*e$%&s 2u$%s)$u!en(%"es !e" T$%un" C&ns*%*u(%&n" / en "s n&$+s %n*e$n(%&n"es !e !e$e(&s u+n&s, *u*e"en e" $es)e*& " "%e$*! s%n!%(" en *n*& !e$e(& u+n& 7un!+en*". P&$ &*$& "!&, s% %en es* "e/ )$e*en!e un s%s*e+ )$&(es" que *en# (&+& )$%n(%)%& " &$"%!!, $&+)e$ " *$!%(%6n !&(u+en*$% !e nues*$& s%s*e+ )$&(es" se$: un *$e $!u. L )"en '%#en(% !e" )$&(es& $e'%!& )ue!e *&+$ '$%&s =&s. Cs*e""n&s &se$' *+%(@ )$ " *u*e" !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(". S%n e+$#&, Cs*e""n&s !'%e$*e que (&$*& )"@& es*e )$&(es& es)e(%" $e'%!& )ue!e n& $esu"*$ n% $:)%!& n% e>(@. ■ E;*$(*& !e" $*(u"& A#%"%!! &$"5 )$&)6s%*& !e " Nue' LPT, es($%*& )&$ " &#! ANDREA SGNCEH, )u"%(!& en " Re'%s* T$2& / Des$$&""&, e!%(%6n N J, !e M$@& 1K0K B PROCESO ABREVIADO LABORAL
TTULO I DISPOSICIONES ENERALES CAPTULO I COMPETENCIA A$*(u"& 0. C&+)e*en(% )&$ +*e$% !e "&s 2u@#!&s !e )@ "e*$!&s "&$"es L&s 2u@#!&s !e )@ "e*$!&s "&$"es (&n&(en !e "&s s%#u%en*es )$&(es&s5 0. En )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$", "s )$e*ens%&nes $e7e$%!s " (u+)"%+%en*& !e &"%#(%&nes !e !$ n& su)e$%&$es (%n(uen* 3K Un%!!es !e Re7e$en(% P$&(es" 3URP &$%#%n!s (&n &(s%6n !e " )$es*(%6n )e$s&n" !e se$'%(%&s !e n*u$"e@ "&$", 7&$+*%' & (&&)e$*%'%s*, $e7e$%!s s)e(*&s sus*n(%"es & (≠&s, %n("us& )$e'%&s & )&s*e$%&$es " )$es*(%6n e7e(*%' !e "&s se$'%(%&s. A$*(u"& 1. C&+)e*en(% )&$ +*e$% !e "&s 2u@#!&s es)e(%"%@!&s !e *$2& 1. En )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$", !e " $e)&s%(%6n (un!& (!&s "&s $equ%s%*&s !e " !e+n!, e" 2ue@ e+%*e $es&"u(%6n !%s)&n%en!&5 L !+%s%6n !e " !e+n! e" e+)"@+%en*& " !e+n!!& )$ que (&n*es*e " !e+n! en e" )"@& !e !%e@ 30K !s :%"es /
( " (%*(%6n "s )$*es u!%en(% -n%(, " (u" !ee se$ >2! en*$e "&s 'e%n*e 31K / *$e%n* 3K !s :%"es s%#u%en*es " 7e( !e ("%>((%6n !e " !e+n!. A$*(u"& 4. Au!%en(% -n%( L u!%en(% -n%( se es*$u(*u$ )$*%$ !e "s u!%en(%s !e (&n(%"%(%6n / 2u@#+%en*& !e" )$&(es& &$!%n$%& "&$". C&+)$en!e / (&n(en*$ "s e*)s !e (&n(%"%(%6n, (&n7$&n*(%6n !e )&s%(%&nes, (*u(%6n )$&*&$%, "e#*&s / sen*en(%, "s (u"es se $e"%@n, en !%(& &$!en, un se#u%! !e " &*$, (&n "s s%#u%en*es )$e(%s%&nes5 0. L e*) !e (&n(%"%(%6n se !es$$&"" !e %#u" 7&$+ que " u!%en(% !e (&n(%"%(%6n !e" )$&(es& &$!%n$%& "&$", (&n " !%7e$en(% !e que " (&n*es*(%6n !e " !e+n! n& se $e"%@ en es*e (*&, s%n& !en*$& !e" )"@& (&n(e!%!&, (&$$es)&n!%en!& " 2ue@ (e$ en*$e# " !e+n!n*e !e " (&)% !e " (&n*es*(%6n / sus ne;&s, &*&$#:n!&"e un *%e+)& )$u!en(%" )$ " $e'%s%6n !e "&s +e!%&s )$&*&$%&s &7$e(%!&s. 1. An*e " )$&)&s%(%6n !e (ues*%&nes )$&*&$%s !e" !e+n!n*e e" 2ue@ )ue!e, e;(e)(%&n"+en*e, >2$ 7e( )$ " (&n*%nu(%6n !e " u!%en(% !en*$& !e "&s *$e%n* 3K !s :%"es s%#u%en*es s%, )$ " (*u(%6n !e que"" se $equ%$%ese !e " e'(u(%6n !e un %n7&$+e )e$%(%", s%en!& ($# !e" !e+n!n*e " #es*%6n (&$$es)&n!%en*e.
T$s"!& / (%*(%6n u!%en(% -n%( Ve$%>(!&s "&s $equ%s%*&s !e " !e+n!, e" 2ue@ e+%*e $es&"u(%6n !%s)&n%en!&5 L !+%s%6n !e " !e+n! e" e+)"@+%en*& " !e+n!!& )$ que (&n*es*e " !e+n! en e" )"@& !e !%e@ 30K !s :%"es / ( " (%*(%6n "s )$*es u!%en(% -n%(, " (u" !ee se$ >2! en*$e "&s 'e%n*e 31K / *$e%n* 3K !s :%"es s%#u%en*es " 7e( !e ("%>((%6n !e " !e+n!. Au!%en(% -n%( L u!%en(% -n%( se es*$u(*u$ )$*%$ !e "s u!%en(%s !e (&n(%"%(%6n / 2u@#+%en*& !e" )$&(es& &$!%n$%& "&$". C&+)$en!e / (&n(en*$ "s e*)s !e (&n(%"%(%6n, (&n7$&n*(%6n !e )&s%(%&nes, (*u(%6n )$&*&$%, "e#*&s / sen*en(%, "s (u"es se $e"%@n, en !%(& &$!en, un se#u%! !e " &*$, (&n "s s%#u%en*es )$e(%s%&nes5 0. L e*) !e (&n(%"%(%6n se !es$$&"" !e %#u" 7&$+ que " u!%en(% !e (&n(%"%(%6n !e" )$&(es& &$!%n$%& "&$", (&n " !%7e$en(% !e que " (&n*es*(%6n !e " !e+n! n& se $e"%@ en es*e (*&, s%n& !en*$& !e" )"@& (&n(e!%!&, (&$$es)&n!%en!& " 2ue@ (e$ en*$e# " !e+n!n*e !e " (&)% !e " (&n*es*(%6n / sus ne;&s, &*&$#:n!&"e un *%e+)& )$u!en(%" )$ " $e'%s%6n !e "&s +e!%&s )$&*&$%&s &7$e(%!&s.
1. An*e " )$&)&s%(%6n !e (ues*%&nes )$&*&$%s !e" !e+n!n*e e" 2ue@ )ue!e, e;(e)(%&n"+en*e, >2$ 7e( )$ " (&n*%nu(%6n !e " u!%en(% !en*$& !e "&s *$e%n* 3K !s :%"es s%#u%en*es s%, )$ " (*u(%6n !e que"" se $equ%$%ese !e " e'(u(%6n !e un %n7&$+e )e$%(%", s%en!& ($# !e" !e+n!n*e " #es*%6n (&$$es)&n!%en*e. L&s )"@&s )$ " e+%s%6n !e" 7""& / n&*%>((%6n !e " sen*en(%, s&n "&s +%s+&s que $%#en )$ e" )$&(es& &$!%n$%&. T$ns($%)(%6n !e PROCESO ABREVIADO LABORAL MATERIALES DEL PROCESO ABREVIADO LABORAL E" )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$" )ue!e se$ %n%(%!& n*e e" 2ue@ es)e(%"%@!& !e *$2& & n*e e" 2ue@ !e )@ "e*$!& "&$". En e" )$%+e$ (s&, es*& !e)en!e$: !e un ($%*e$%& )u$+en*e +*e$%" /, en e" se#un!&, se *en!$: en (uen* un ($%*e$%& (un*%**%'&. PROCESO ABREVIADO LABORAL Ls )$e*ens%&nes $e"*%'s " 'u"ne$(%6n !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(". An*e e" 2ue@ !e )@ "e*$!& "&$" P$e*ens%&nes $e7e$%!s " (u+)"%+%en*& !e &"%#(%&nes !e !$ n& su)e$%&$es K URP &$%#%n!s (&n &(s%6n !e " )$es*(%6n )e$s&n" !e se$'%(%&s !e n*u$"e@ "&$", 7&$+*%'& (&&)e$*%'%s*, $e7e$%!s s)e(*&s sus*n(%"es & (≠&s, %n("us& )$e'%&s & )&s*e$%&$es " )$es*(%6n e7e(*%' !e se$'%(%&s. P$%n(%)%&s Que Fun!+en*n L E;%s*en(% De" P$&(es& A$e'%!& L&$". EL PROCESO ABREVIADO ES UNA VA PROCEDIMENTAL DE NATURALEHA UDICIAL. E" )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$"es un ' )$&(e!%+en*" es)e(>( L es)e(%>(%!! +en(%&n! en es*e )un*& !ee se$ en*en!%! (&+& s%n#u"$%!! & %n!%'%!u"%!!, / es* !ee se$ !e>n%! en (&n*$ )&s%(%6n " #ene$"%!!. PROCESO ABREVIADO LABORAL L Nue' Le/ P$&(es" !e" T$2& !%se= e" ?)$&(es& $e'%!& "&$" (&+& un )$&(e!%+%en*& es)e(>(& )$ *en!e$ " )$e*ens%6n !e $e)&s%(%6n !e" *$2!&$. en es*e )un*& " !&(*$%n / " 2u$%s)$u!en(% (&ns*%*u(%&n" n /u!!& )$ e" +e2&$ en*en!%+%en*& !e" nue'& )$&(es& "&$". CRITERIO MATERIAL . E" $*(u"& 1 !e " NLPT se=" que e" 2ue@ es)e(%"%@!& !e *$2& (&n&(e$:, *$'
(&+& )$e*ens%6n )$%n(%)" -n%( / ?"s )$e*ens%&nes $e"*%'s " 'u"ne$(%6n !e " "%e$*! s%n!%(" CRITERIO CUANTITATIVO E" $*(u"& 0 %n(%s& 0 se=" que "&s 2u@#!&s !e )@ "e*$!&s "&$"es (&n&(en ?e" )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$", "s )$e*ens%&nes $e7e$%!s " (u+)"%+%en*& !e &"%#(%&nes !e !$ n& su)e$%&$es (%n(uen* 3K Un%!!es !e Re7e$en(% P$&(es" 3URP &$%#%n!s (&n &(s%6n !e " )$es*(%6n )e$s&n" !e se$'%(%&s !e n*u$"e@ "&$", 7&$+*%' & (&&)e$*%'%s*, $e7e$%!s s)e(*&s sus*n(%"es & (≠&s, %n("us& )$e'%&s & )&s*e$%&$es " )$es*(%6n e7e(*%' !e se$'%(%&s. E" P$%n(%)%& De C&n(en*$(%6n. Un )$&(es& "&$" 7un!!& en es*e )$%n(%)%& ?$eun%$: en (*%'%!!es )$&(es"es un%*$%s, +u/ nu+e$&s&s / '$%!&s (*&s )$&(es"es, que se su(e!en "&s un&s "&s &*$&s s%n s&"u(%6n !e (&n*%nu%!! / s%n )"@&s n% *<$+%n&s !e *%e+)& que "&s se)$en. E" P$%n(%)%& De Ce"e$%!!. $(%s es*e )$%n(%)%& e" )$&(es& "&$" !ee #&@$ !e " +/&$ #%"%!! !e )"@&s / sen(%""e@ en su *$+%*(%6n. L %+)&$*n(% !e $e(&n&(e$ / )$e(&n%@$ es*e )$%n(%)%& en e" nue'& )$&(es& "&$" se e;)"%( !:n!&"e un '%s*@& nues*$ $e"%!!. T$s"!& / C%*(%6n Au!%en(% n%( E" )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$" (&+%en@ (&n " %n*e$)&s%(%6n !e " !e+n! $es)e(*%'. L NLPT n& se=" (u:" es e" )"@& en e" que e" 2ue@ !ee$: ("%>($ /, !e se$ e" (s&, !+%*%$ *$:+%*e " !e+n!. E" 2ue@, " +&+en*& !e n"%@$ " !e+n!, e+%*%$: $es&"u(%6n !%s)&n%en!& "& s%#u%en*e5 L !+%s%6n !e " !e+n!, (&n "& (u" se !n )&$ &7$e(%!&s "&s +e!%&s )$&*&$%&s. E" e+)"@+%en*& " !e+n!!& en e" )"@& !e !%e@ !s :%"es. ( L (%*(%6n "s )$*es " u!%en(% -n%( AUDIENCIA NICA
L u!%en(% -n%( !e" )$&(es& $e'%!& "&$" us( (&n*ene$ *&!s "s !%"%#en(%s ne(es$%s )$ " $es&"u(%6n !e " (&n*$&'e$s% s&(%& "&$". AUDIENCIA DE CONCILIACIÓN. P$e'%+en*e " %n%(%& !e es* u!%en(%, *n*& e" !e+n!n*e (&+& e" !e+n!!& n "(n@!& sus es($%*&s !e !e+n! / (&n*es*(%6n, $es)e(*%'+en*e. S%n e+$#&, !%7e$en(% !e" !e+n!!&, qu%en (&n&(e / (&n*!& (&n *%e+)& )$ "ee$ " !e+n! / (&n*es*$", e" !e+n!n*e $e(%"*$& !e "&s e(&s que ne(es%*n !e (*u(%6n )$&*&$%, s (&+& "&s +e!%&s )$&*&$%&s %+)e$*%nen*es "ue#& e" 2ue@ +en(%&n$: "&s e(&s que $eque$%$:n !e (*u(%6n )$&*&$%, s (&+& "&s +e!%&s )$&*&$%&s !+%*%!&s !es)un"+en*e, se (*un *&!&s "&s +e!%&s )$&*&$%&s, %n("u%!&s"&s '%n(u"!&s "s (ues*%&nes)$&*&$%s. ALEATOS Y SENTENCIA. L&s )$%+e$&s s&n )$esen*!&s en 7&$+ &$". Lue#& !e e""&, e" 2ue@ !%(*$: sen*en(% en 7&$+ %n+e!%* & en un ")s& n& +/&$ !e un &$. EL PROCESO IMPUNATIVO DEL LAUDO ARBITRAL A!+%s%6n !e " De+n! A!e+:s !e "&s $equ%s%*&s !e " !e+n!, " s" "&$" 'e$%>( s% es* se %n*e$)ues*& !en*$& !e "&s !%e@ 30K !s :%"es s%#u%en*es !e e$se n&*%>(!& e" "u!& $%*$" que (%en!& "s 'e(es !e (&n'en%& (&"e(*%'& $esue"'e e" (&n%(*& e(&n6+%(& & !e ($e(%6n !e !e$e(&s, & su ("$(%6n en (s& (&n*$$%&, !e("$ " %+)$&(e!en(% !e " !e+n! /" (&n("us%6n !e" )$&(es&. T$s"!& / C&n*es*(%6n Ve$%>(!&s "&s $equ%s%*&s !e " !e+n!, " s" "&$" e+%*e $es&"u(%6n !%s)&n%en!&5 L !+%s%6n !e " !e+n! e" e+)"@+%en*& " !e+n!!& )$ que (&n*es*e "
!e+n! en e" )"@& !e !%e@ 30K Ds :%"es ( " n&*%>((%6n "&s :$%*$&s )$ que, !e es*%+$"& (&n'en%en*e / !en*$& !e" +%s+& )"@&, e;)&n#n s&$e "& que (&ns%!e$en (&n'en%en*e. T$:+%*e / sen*en(% !e )$%+e$ %ns*n(% L s" "&$", !en*$& !e "&s !%e@ 30K !s :%"es s%#u%en*es !e (&n*es*! " !e+n!, !%(* sen*en(% )&$ e" s&"& +<$%*& !e "&s es($%*&s !e !e+n!, (&n*es*(%6n / "&s !&(u+en*&s (&+)=!&s. I+)$&(e!en(% !e" $e(u$s& !e (s(%6n C&n*$ " sen*en(% !e " C&$*e Su)$e+ !e us*%(% !e " Re)-"%( n& )$&(e!e e" $e(u$s& !e (s(%6n.
