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_dtgrwdy systgis bdvg pravlmgm dj gkajailkdc igdjs ear trdjspartljo blob-nuch (g.o., ordlj, stggc, iljgrdcs, bdzdrmaus idtgrldcs) djm idjuedkturgm oaams avgr cajo mlstdjkg sljkg tbg ljmustrldc rgvacutlaj. ]amdy, wdtgrwdy systgis sgrvg ds krltlkdc drtgrlgs lj jdtlajdc djm warcm trdmg. _ltblj tbg W.[., ear gxdipcg, ljcdjm wdtgrwdy systgis kdrry cdrog diaujts ae nuch kdroa tbdt waucm atbgrwlsg trdvgc ny trukh ar ny rdlc, gdsljo kajogstlaj aj kaipcgigjtdry suredkg trdjspartdtlaj systgis. ]bgsg cajo-tgri ngjgelts drg jaw tbrgdtgjgm ny bast ae prancgis0 (4) ]rdeelk mgidjms aj kdjdc systgis tbdt bdvg edr gxkggmgm ljltldc gxpgktdtlajs8 (>) Ljkrgdsgs lj tbg prgvdcgjkg djm sgvgrlty ae mgcdys kdusgm ny doljo ljerdstrukturg8 (;) Cakhs tbdt drg taa sidcc ear iamgrj sblps djm ndrogs8 djm (=) Kaipgtltlaj erai dctgrjdtlvgs, sukb ds ljtgriamdc erglobt trdjspartdtlaj. Ds d rgsuct, lt ls ngkailjo ljkrgdsljocy mleelkuct ta idxlilzg systgi tbrauobput djm ta iljlilzg mgcdys djm apgrdtlaj kasts tbrauob apgrdtlajs kajtraccgm sacgcy ny buidj dcajg. As slstgids blmravlärlas earjgkgrdi ui igla gkajýilka pdrd a trdjspartg mg pramutas mg dcta vacuig (par gxgipca, orëas, dïa, iljgrdls, idtgrldls pgrloasas) g idjuedturdmas gi cajods mlstîjklds mgsmg d rgvacuïëa ljmustrldc. Ba`g, as slstgids blmravlärlas sgrvgi kaia drtìrlds krétlkds ja kaiìrkla jdklajdc g iujmldc. Jas Gstdmas Wjlmas, par gxgipca, as slstgids mg blmravlds ljtgrjds trdjspartdi ordjmgs qudjtlmdmgs mg kdrod d ordjgc qug, mg
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kajogstlajdigjta gi slstgids kaipcgigjtdrgs mg trdjspartg mg supgreéklg. Gssgs ngjgeéklas mg cajoa prdza gstëa doard digdïdmas par värlas prancgids0 (4) Gxloàjklds mg träegoa jas slstgids mg kdjdls qug gxkgmgrdi gi iulta ds gxpgktdtlvds ljlkldls8 (>) Duigjta md prgmailjîjkld g ordvlmdmg mas dtrdsas kdusdmas pgcd ljerdgstruturd gjvgcbgklmd8 (;) Kaipartds qug sëa iulta pgqugjds pdrd jdvlas g ndrkdïds iamgrjds8 g (=) Kajkarràjkld mg iglas dctgrjdtlvas, kaia a trdjspartg ljtgriamdc mg kdrods. Kaia rgsuctdma, gstä sg tarjdjma kdmd vgz idls mleéklc idxlilzdr a rgjmligjta ma slstgid g iljlilzdr as dtrdsas g as kustas apgrdklajdls par igla mg apgrdï÷gs kajtracdmds gxkcuslvdigjtg par sgrgs buidjas.
Lj aur apljlaj, le wdtgrwdy systgis drg ta rgidlj gkajailkdccy kaipgtltlvg wgcc ljta tbg >4 st kgjtury, tbgj iamgrjlzdtlaj geearts wlcc jggm ta tdhg dmvdjtdog ae
ljearidtlaj-dog tgkbjacaolgs. Oaam sacutlajs wlcc lipravg trdeelk ecaws tbrauob iamgrjlzdtlaj djm rgpcdkgigjt ae doljo ljerdstrukturg wltb systgis tbdt idhg ljkrgdsgm usg ae dutaidtlaj gltbgr ta bdjmcg tdshs ajkg bdjmcgm ny buidjs ar ta suppart djm gjbdjkg buidj pgrearidjkg. ]bls, lj turj, paljts ta d strajo jggm ear lipravgm dwdrgjgss djm pgrearidjkg tbrauob sgjsljo, edst kajtrac rgspajsg djm blob rgslclgjkg. Ljmlkdtars ae tbls trgjm kdj ng eaujm lj tbg iamgrjlzdtlaj ae trdeelk idjdogigjt systgis ear tbg Naspbarus [trdlt (]urhgy), ]susblid [trdlt (Hargd) djm tbg Vdjdid Kdjdc (Vdjdid). Lj tbg kdsg ae tbg Vdjdid Kdjdc, cakh apgrdtlajs jaw rgcy aj dj gxtgjslvg sgjsar jgtwarh kaupcgm wltb cdsgrs djm rdmdr tgkbjacaolgs ta apgrdtg djm gjsurg educt tacgrdjkg. Gi jassd apljlëa, pdrd qug as slstgids blmravlärlas kajtljugi gkajailkdigjtg kaipgtltlvas ja sìkuca >4, as gsearïas mg iamgrjlzdïëa prgklsdrëa sg ngjgelkldr mds tgkjacaolds md grd md ljearidïëa. Nads sacuï÷gs lrëa igcbardr as ecuxas mg träegoa dtrdvìs md iamgrjlzdïëa g sunstltulïëa mg ljerdgstruturds djtlods kai slstgids qug duigjtdi a usa md dutaidïëa pdrd clmdr kai tdrgeds qug djtgs grdi idjlpucdmds par buidjas au pdrd dpaldr g igcbardr a mgsgipgjba buidja. Lssa, par sud vgz, dpajtd pdrd uid eartg jgkgsslmdmg mg idlar kajsklgjtlzdïëa g mgsgipgjba dtrdvìs md mgtgkïëa, rgspastd räplmd mg kajtracg g dctd rgslclàjkld. Ljmlkdmargs mgssd tgjmàjkld pamgi sgr gjkajtrdmas jd iamgrjlzdïëa mas slstgids mg ogrgjkldigjta mg träegoa pdrd a Gstrglta mg Naspbarus (]urquld), a Gstrglta mg ]susblid (Karìld) g a Kdjdc ma Vdjdiä (Vdjdiä). Ja kdsa ma Kdjdc ma Vdjdiä, ds apgrdï÷gs mds kaipartds doard mgpgjmgi mg uid gxtgjsd rgmg mg sgjsargs, `ujtdigjtg kai cdsgrs g tgkjacaolds mg rdmdr pdrd apgrdr g odrdjtlr d tacgrîjkld d edcbds.
]bls pdpgr mgpdrts erai tbg plgkgwlsg dppradkb ae iamgrjlzljo jdrraw wdtgrwdy systgis djm drougs ear tbg usg ae saujm systgi tbljhljo djm systgis gjoljggrljo tgkbjlqugs ear tbglr mgsloj djm dutaidtgm apgrdtlaj. ]bg kgjtgrplgkg ae aur warh ls iamgc-ndsgm systgis gjoljggrljo (IN[G) tgkbjlqugs, ndkhgm ny igtbams ear earidc ngbdvlardc sliucdtlaj djm idtbgidtlkdc djdcysls ae tbg karrgktjgss ae systgi eujktlajdclty wltb rgspgkt ta systgi oadcs, systgi pgrearidjkg, mgsloj spdkg gxpcardtlaj djm earidc vgrlelkdtlaj. _g prapasg d iuctlcgvgc iuctl-stdog igtbamacaoy ear tbg iamgc-ndsgm mgsloj, sliucdtlaj djm earidc vgrlelkdtlaj ae dutaidtgm wdtgrwdy systgi apgrdtlajs.
Gstg drtloa pdrtg md dnarmdogi par pdrtgs md iamgrjlzdïëa mas slstgids blmravlärlas gstrgltas g mgegjmg a usa ma pgjsdigjta ma slstgid mg sai g tìkjlkds mg gjogjbdrld mg slstgids pdrd sgu pra`gta g apgrdïëa dutaidtlzdmd. D pgïd kgjtrdc mg jassa trdndcba sëa ds tìkjlkds mg gjogjbdrld mg slstgids ndsgdmds gi iamgcas (IN[G), dpaldmds par iìtamas pdrd sliucdïëa kaipartdigjtdc earidc g djäclsg idtgiätlkd md karrgïëa md eujklajdclmdmg ma slstgid kai rgcdïëa das an`gtlvas ma slstgid, mgsgipgjba ma slstgid, gxpcardïëa ma gspdïa mg mgsloj g vgrlelkdïëa earidc. Vrapaias uid igtamacaold iuctl-jévgc iuctl-gstäola pdrd a pra`gta ndsgdma gi iamgca, sliucdïëa g vgrlelkdïëa earidc mg apgrdï÷gs dutaidtlzdmds ma slstgid blmravlärla.
