Radio Nav Exam 1

Radio Navigation Exam1, 65 Questions - time allowed 90 minutes 1.

A wavelength of 8.5 mm corresponds to a frequency of: (a) (b) (c) (d)

2.

With regards to radio waves, which statement is true: (a) (b) (c) (d)

3.

(d)

The lower the frequency the greater the atmospheric attenuation. The ionosphere will attenuate and refract signals up to 30 Ghz. The attenuation of an HF ground wave is worse over the land than over ice. None of the above.

The visual and aural indications of the ILS outer marker are : (a) (b) (c) (d)

6.

599 nm 599 km 1500 nm 1500 km

Which statement is true ? (a) (b) (c)

5.

They travel at 186,000nm a second in a vacuum. The longer the wavelength the greater the surface attenuation They are reflected by metallic objects with a size compatible to the wavelength. High frequencies need large aerials.

An HF transmitter is tuned to a frequency that refracts from the E layer in the Ionosphere. The maximum distance of the first returning skywave is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

4.

3529.4 MHz 35294 MHz 2833.3 MHz 28333 MHz

A blue light and 2 dashes per second of 400 Hz modulated tone. A white light and 6 dots per second of a 30 Hz modulated tone. An amber light and alternate dots and dashes of a 1300 Hz modulated tone. A blue light and 2 dashes per second of a 1300 Hz modulated tone.

Using the 1 in 60 rule calculate the rate of descent (in ft/min) for a 3.3 degree glidepath at a groundspeed of 115 kts. (a) (b) (c) (d)

325 172 641 522

Bristol Groundschool

Radio Navigation Exam 1

7.

For a 2.7 degree glidepath on a Category 1 ILS the vertical coverage is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

8.

(b) (c) (d)

35º 25º 35º 25º

can can not can not can

An aircraft is on a heading of 100 degrees (m) from a VOR. To make the VOR/ILS deviation indicator needle centralise with the 'TO' flag showing, the following bearing should be selected on the 'OBS' : (a) (b) (c) (d)

12.

The TO/FROM indicator shows whether the aircraft is heading towards or away from the beacon. A typical VOR frequency is 118.15 Mhz. Failure of the monitor will cause the beacon to cease its ident. Wide coverage is obtained from only a few beacons.

The coverage of the ILS localizer at 17 nm for a Cat. 1 ILS is guaranteed up to an angle either side of the extended centreline of.................. Using the signal outside the coverage limits on the approach side of the localiser aerial.................result in reverse sense indications. (a) (b) (c) (d)

11.

at a minimum at a maximum zero, as quadrantal errors are not found on the RMI zero, as quadrantal errors affect only the VOR

With reference to the VOR: (a)

10.

5.25º 4.75º 5.55º 4.73º

An aircraft heading 315°M shows an NDB bearing 180° on the RMI. Any quadrantal error affecting the accuracy of this bearing is likely to be (a) (b) (c) (d)

9.

1.35º1.85º2.05º1.22º-

280 290 110 100

degrees degrees degrees degrees

The maximum range of primary radar is affected by: (a) (b) (c) (d)

PRF Pulse Width Transmission Frequency All of the above



13.

The tilt angle on the AWR at which an active cloud just disappears from the screen is 4 degrees up. If the beam width is 5 degrees and the range of the cloud is 40 nm use the 1 in 60 rule to calculate the approximate height of the cloud relative to the aircraft. (a) (b) (c) (d)

14.

increases decreases decreases increases

power power gain gain

decrease decrease increase decrease

218 132 200 108

The accuracy of a DME : (a) (b) (c) (d)

18.

weather mapping weather mapping

What is the maximum theoretical range, in nm, of a radar whose PRF is 750 pps? (a) (b) (c) (d)

17.

150 300 200 250

AWR in the __________ mode progressively ___________ __________as distances ___________ to equalise screen brightness. (a) (b) (c) (d)

16.

above above below below

The PRF of a primary radar is 500. Its maximum range in kms is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

15

4000' 6000' 4000' 6000'

Increases with increase of altitude. Decreases with increase of range. Is approximately ± 0.5 nm. Is approximately ± 2 nm

If an aircraft is hijacked the CAA recommend that the pilot set transponder code (a) (b) (c) (d)

7300 7600 7500 7700



19.

A saw tooth voltage is used to generate the timebase of a simple non rotating radar because (a) (b) (c) (d)

20.

The RMI indicates aircraft magnetic heading. To convert the RMI bearings of NDBs and VORs to true bearings the correct positions to read magnetic variation are: (a) (b) (c) (d)

21.

this achieves the maximum range bearing resolution is optimised range resolution is optimised a linear timebase is required to correctly represent range and the flyback period is short

VOR beacon position beacon position aircraft position aircraft position

NDB aircraft position beacon position beacon position aircraft position

Refer to the diagram below of a VOR/ILS deviation indicator. Assume that the indicator is set to define the centreline of an airway, that the aircraft is 90nm from the VOR and inbound to the facility.

.. .. . . .. . . . . . .. . TO

248

At the time of observation the aircraft was located on radial (a) (b) (c) (d) 22.

243° 245° 253° 063°

In a hyperbolic navigation system accuracy is greatest : (a) (b) (c) (d)

Along the base line extension. Along the base line. Along the right bisector of the baseline. Within a 30 nm radius of either station.



23.

A radio facility transmits on a wavelength of 2.22 cm.. The facility could be a ____________ operating on a frequency of _________. The missing items are: (a) (b) (c) (d)

24.

(d)

from from from from

X Y Y Y

0.5 nm using QNH only 2.0 nm using QFE only 2.0 nm using QFE unless the pilot advises the controller the approach is to be flown on QNH. 0.5 nm using QNH unless the pilot advises the controller the approach is to be flown on QFE.

5 5 3 3

: : : :

1 1 1 1

±3 ±3 ±5 ±5


Daylight hours only 24 hours 24 hours Daylight hours only

An aircraft DME receiver will not lock on to signals reflected from the ground because: (a) (b) (c) (d)

28.

nm nm nm nm

The signal to noise ratio for an NDB is _____ allowing a maximum error of _________ on 95% of occasions during ___________. (a) (b) (c) (d)

27.

40 40 30 50

An SRA may be flown to: (a) (b) (c)

26.

13,500 Mhz 13,500 Mhz 1350 Mhz 135 Mhz

Using a hyperbolic navigation system aposition is plotted that is 20 nm further from X than Y. X and Y are 100 nm apart. The hyperbola crosses the baseline: (a) (b) (c) (d)

25.

Radio Altimeter Doppler DME VDF

DME uses the UHF band. DME transmits twin pulses. The pulse recurrence rates are varied. The reflections are not at the receiver frequency.

A radar has a PRF of 800 pps. What is the maximum theoretical range and the PRP? (a) (b) (c) (d)

187.5 km 187.5 km 325 nm 325 nm


1250 0.0125 1250 0.0125

micro seconds micro seconds micro seconds micro seconds


29.

The speed of a radio wave in nm/sec is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

30.

An aerodrome ground movement radar is likely to operate in the .............band with a scan rate of ...............revolutions per minute (a) (b) (c) (d)

31.

(c) (d)

60 200 20 1000

1½° to 5° from the horizontal and 8° either side of the localiser 0.45° from the horizontal to 1.75° above the glidepath and 8° either side of the localiser centreline 0.7° above and below the glidepath and 8° either side of the localiser centreline 3° above and below the glidepath and 10° either side of the localiser centreline

Which statement is most correct? (a) (b) (c) (d)

33.

SHF UHF EHF EHF

For reliable navigation information the approximate coverage of a 3° ILS glideslope is (a) (b)

32.

186,000 163,842 161,842 300,000

Loran C creates hyperbolic lines based on an atomic time standard. Loran C creates hyperbolic lines based on a low sweep rate frequency modulated continuous wave. Loran C creates hyperbolic position lines based on differential range by pulse technique. Loran C creates elliptical lines based on differential range by Doppler.

The accuracy of Loran is given as: (a) (b) (c) (d)

± ½ nm on 95% of occasions between 900 nm and 1000 nm over the sea. ±1 km on 95% of occasions between 900 km and 1000 km over the sea. ±1 nm on 95% of occasions between 900 nm and 1000 nm over the sea. ± ½ km on 95% of occasions between 900 km and 1000 km over the sea.



34.

A satellite navigation system requires information from ____ satellites to give a three dimensional fix without considering RAIM

. (a) (b) (c) (d) 35.

The Navstar satellite system has _____ orbital planes crossing the equator at ______ at an altitude of ________ (a) (b) (c) (d)

36.

(b) (c) (d)


10,900 10,250 10 900 10,250

nm km nm nm

Integrity monitoring of satellites by the master station to increase accuracy Resolution and intensity monitoring for increased accuracy GPS integrity monitoring of master and slave stations to ensure correct alignment Integrity monitoring of satellites by the receiver to ensure accurate navigation

Towards the station at short range Past the station at long range From the station at long range Past the station at short range

The D layer of the ionosphere affects the accuracy of NDB bearings (a) (b) (c) (d)

39.

60 65 55 60

Groundspeed measurement using DME equipment is most accurate flying (a) (b) (c) (d)

38.

6 3 6 5

What is RAIM and what is its function? (a)

37.

3 4 5 2

by night only by day only by day and night never

An NDB signal crossing from land to sea will.................speed and bend...............the normal (a) (b) (c) (d)

Increase Decrease Increase Decrease


away from away from towards towards


40.

Using a VOR outside the DOC may result in interference from (a) (b) (c) (d)

41.

Which answer correctly completes the following statement? "The characteristics of an MLS installation are that it uses (a) (b) (c) (d)

42.

speeds up and is attenuated slows down and is attenuated speeds up, picks up electrons and becomes stronger slows down, picks up electrons and becomes stronger

An aircraft on an ILS approach is receiving more 90Hz modulation than 150Hz modulation in both localiser and glidepath. The correct action to regain the centreline and glidepath would be to: (a) (b) (c) (d)

45.

pitch and roll yaw and turn pitch and yaw pitch roll and yaw

When an LF radio wave passes over the earth's surface it (a) (b) (c) (d)

44.

one transmitter for both elevation and azimuth and a single frequency" an elevation transmitter at the approach end of the runway, an azimuth transmitter at the upwind end of the runway and a single frequency" one transmitter for both elevation and azimuth and two frequencies" an azimuth transmitter at the approach end of the runway, an elevation transmitter at the upwind end of the runway and two frequencies"

Typical Airborne Weather Radar (AWR) is gyro stabilised within limits in (a) (b) (c) (d)

43.

Skywaves Other aircraft Other beacons Groundwaves

reduce rate of descent and fly left increase rate of descent and fly right reduce rate of descent and fly right increase rate of descent and fly left

An aircraft on a 3° ILS approach at 150kt groundspeed is required to reduce its speed to 120kts at the outer marker, 4½nm from the threshold. The rate of descent should reduce by approximately: (a) (b) (c) (d)

120 150 170 190

ft/min ft/min ft/min ft/min



46.

An AWR is being used to map the ground between 50nm and 70nm in front of the aircraft which would be the correct beam to use and on what scale? (a) (b) (c) (d)

47.

red red orange red

Ephemeris, interference from other satellites, propogation Ephemeris, clock bias, propogation Interference from other satellites, clock bias, time lag Ephemeris, time lag, interference from other satellites

phase comparison measuring the time for the signal to reach the receiver measuring the time for the signal to travel to the receiver and back measuring the phase of the incoming signal

A DME transmitter is operating in the search-for-lock phase. Which of the following statements is correct? (a) (b) (c) (d)

51.

amber green yellow amber

The GPS satellite navigation system operates by (a) (b) (c) (d)

50.

green blue green blue

The GPS satellite navigation system suffers from the following errors: (a) (b) (c) (d)

49.

50nm 150nm 50nm 150nm

The colours used on a conventional AWR to indicate increasing intensity of returns are: (a) (b) (c) (d)

48.

conical beam conical beam cosec2 beam cosec2 beam

The prf increases, the range counters count down from maximum, the output power is increased The prf increases and the range counters count up from 300 to maximum. The prf increases and the range counters count down from the maximum The prf increases and the power is increased

The advantages of CW radar systems over pulse radar systems are (a) (b) (c) (d)

there is no minimum range the transmitter/receiver aerial system is smaller and less complex they are more reliable they offer better long range performance



52.

In the diagram below what is the phase difference of the higher amplitude signal from the reference signal?

(a) (b) (c) (d) 53.

Which of the following applies to a Doppler VOR when compared to a standard VOR received signal? (a) (b) (c) (d)

54.

signals are reversed but the phase signals are the same but the phase signals are reversed and the phase signals and the phase relationship

the wavelength used is too short to be reflected it uses different frequencies for transmission and reception the equipment is fitted with clutter filters the frequency is too high

The principle of operation of MLS is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

56.

The reference and variphase difference remains the same The reference and variphase relationship is reversed The reference and variphase relationship is reversed The reference and variphase remains the same

SSR does not suffer from weather clutter because (a) (b) (c) (d)

55.

135° 225° 315° 045°

lobe comparison of scanning beams phase comparison directional beams time referenced scanning beams frequency comparison of reference beams

Refer to Appendix A. Which diagram is the MAP mode? (a) (b) (c) (d)

A B C D



57.

Refer to diagram F of Appendix A. The track from ZAPPO to PURDY is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

58.

green yellow white magenta

The FMS database can be: (a) (b) (c) (d)

63.

over the horizon radar HF VHF VLF

The colour recommended in JAR OPS for armed AFCS modes is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

62.

NAV VOR EXP VOR ILS

Which radio system or frequency band uses tropospheric scatter? (a) (b) (c) (d)

61.

right of the centreline and above the glidepath left of the centreline and below the glidepath right of the centreline and below the glidepath left of the centreline and above the glidepath

Refer to Appendix A. Diagram E represents: (a) (b) (c) (d)

60.

(T) (M) (T) (M)

Refer to diagram C of Appendix A. The aircraft is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

59.

205° 245° 064° 044°

Altered by the pilots between the 28 day updates Read and altered by the pilots only read by the pilots changed by the pilots every 28 days

The JAR OPS colour for selected heading is: (a) (b) (c) (d)

green magenta red cyan



64.

In a primary radar system (a) (b) (c) (d)

65.

The aircraft plays the secondary role, just listening to the radar signals from the ground radar All radio frequency energy is produced by the radar located at the radar site The radar is primarily used for range-finding The radar is the primary aid for ATC

If the DME ground transmitter fails, (a) (b) (c) (d)

the last measured range is frozen for 20 secs all range information is immediately lost the last recorded range is retained until the ground transmitter is restored The counters continue to rotate for 8 to 10 seconds



Appendix A



Intentionally Blank



Radio Navigation Exam 1, 65 Questions. Time allowed: 1hr 30min.

A B C D 1

23

2

24 25

3 4

A B C D

A B C D 45 46 47

26

48

5

27

49

6

28 29

50 51

30

52

9

31

53

10

32

11

33 34

54 55

7 8

12 13

56

35

57

14

36

58

15

37

16

38 39

59 60

17 18

61

40

62

19

41

63

20

42

21

43 44

64 65

22



1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

b c c d a c d b c a a d b b b d b c d a

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

d b b b c d d a c a a c a b c d c d a c


41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

b a b b b d a b b c a b a b c d c a b a

61 62 63 64 65

c c b b d


Radio Nav Exam 1

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