DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF “ SEA SAW GENERATOR” GUIDRD BY – PROF. ----------PREPAR ED BY ---------------------------------------
XXXXXXXXXXXX COLLEGE XXXXXXXXX
PREFACE We take an opportunity to present this project report on " A UNCONVENTIONAL SOURCE OF ENERGY USING GARDEN AUTOMATION OF PLAY EQUIPMEMNT "SEA SAW GENERATOR". and put before readers some useful information regarding our project. We have made sincere attempts and taken every care to present this matter in precise and compact form, the language being as simple as possible. We are sure that the information contained in this volume would certainly prove useful for better insight in the scope and dimension of this project in its true perspective. The task of completion of the project though being difficulty was made quite simple, interesting and successful due to deep involvement and complete dedication of our group members.
CONSTRUCTION DWG 600 200
600
200
Pulley 60 mm dia Generator Pulley 40 dia
Angle of 40 x 40 x 4.4 mm section
Channel of 70 x 40 x 4.4 mm section
150
Shaft 20 Φ diameters 450
900
ABSTRACT: An electricity generation system that has the ability to generate clean electrical power by operation of the sea saw play equipment due to playing of the children on the same. Mechanically capturing the power of pressing the strip of the sea saw play equipment. The system utilizes a modular unit that is mounted on a frame assembly. a rack and pinion arrangement to convert the linear motion in to rotary motion is used. Multiple pulleys of various diameters are mounted in a generator housing that is journaled on an elongated dynamo-pulley axle. The generator housing is releasable connected to a stationary retention plate to prevent rotation of the generator housing.. When the child starts raising and lowering the sea saw strip board, the ratcheting rack arm is pulled downwardly causing a drive spur gear to rotate causing the pulley train incrementally upgrading the rpm from one pulley to another and finally massive rpm across the flywheel and thus fly wheel shaft. An electricity generator is mounted on the frame assembly and there is rotation transmission structure connected to the power generation drive shaft of the electricity generator. When the generator assembly has been sufficiently wound, a ratchet gear assembly releases the spring housing assembly allowing it to rotate freely to dissipate its stored energy and drive the electricity generator. This cycle is repeated throughout the day to generate electricity when the garden is open to [play and children’s are playing on the sea saw play equipment. A modified electricity generation system utilizes the wave motion of a natural body of water connecting the ratchet arm to a floating buoy.
INTRODUCTION If a child is between the ages of five and ten they are probably preparing for their first attempt at “children playing generator “riding. This first attempt usually starts with our project work and there are a few things we should consider manufacturing it. Go for the best “AUTOMATION OF PLAY GROUND” you can afford with the best safety record. That doesn’t mean you have to spend more money. Making a project that is the right height for your child; if it is too tall and the seat is too high then your child will tip over easily and become easily scared by the thought of trying again. Think of child’s safety, first, and manufacture a “AUTOMATION OF PLAY GROUND” that will fit him/her, now, not one that they are going to grow into. Make sure that the seat is stable along with a wide wheelbase. Look for the following features when choosing a “AUTOMATION OF PLAY GROUND”.
SEESAW A seesaw (also known as a teeter-totter) is a long, narrow board suspended in the middle so that, as one end goes up, the other goes down. In a playground setting, the board is balanced in the exact center. A person sits on each end and they take turns pushing their feet against the ground to lift their end into the air. Playground seesaws usually have handles for the riders to grip as they sit facing each other. One problem with the seesaw's design is that if a heavier child allows herself to hit the ground suddenly after jumping, or exits the seesaw at the bottom, the lighter child may fall and be injured. For this reason, seesaws are often mounted above a soft surface such as foam or wood chips. A sea saw deflection powered electricity generation system actuated by reciprocating human forces
REQUIREMENT •
at least one generator connected to an elongated rackpinion gearing, belt-pulley and fly wheel arrangement to generator secondary winding axle having a front end, a rear end and a longitudinally extending X-axis;
• •
Winding means for winding said at least one generator using the reciprocating accurate rotational motion of a pinion that is being intermittently rotated from a static position by the linear tangential force of the rack shaft
•
•
an electrical generator having a power generation drive shaft; Transmission means for transferring stored energy that is in said at least one generator after having been properly wound, to said power generation drive shaft of said electricity generator to produce electrical current; and
SEA SAW GENERATOR
WORKING The playing child forces and our daily routine work, exercise games and play tricks powered electricity generation system utilizes an electricity generation module having an elongated ratcheting arm extending laterally there from. The sea saw is a wooden strip equally balanced in a line contact element at its center point of balance. The children’s who are to play used to sit on the exteme sides of the strip on either side of the balancing line contact post. Irrespective of equal weight of the playing children on the either side the child used to elevate the strip by having jerk developed itself by the child by raising his own weight up and down by pushing the foot jerk on the ground. This makes the strip along with the children to elevate on either side. More and more elevation causes more and more fun to the riding children.
GENERAL PRINCIPLE • • • • •
The rotary motion of bearing shaft is magnified by selection of proper gearing mechanism i.e. big gear rotates smaller gear. This will increase speed of small gear shaft. By using belt & pulley arrangement rpm is again increased. Also we use heavy flywheel to store energy & serve when needed to dynamo. Children playing on SEA SAW GENERATOR generate a manual rotary motion.
Working of see-saw generator:
• While playing, the see-saw performs the oscillating motion. • The connecting rod joins the end of the oscillating see-saw with the crank. • The mechanism works as the crank rotates. • The rotating motion of the crank is transferred to the gear mechanism by means of shaft. • The gear mechanism enhances the speed. • The gear system output is fed to the flywheel, which stores the energy. This energy is supplied to the dynamo when needed.
ABOUT OUR CREATION:
It is electro-mechanical energy generating machine. This machine converts reciprocating motion in to rotary motion. The rotational power is stored in flywheel & flywheel rotates dynamo, which generates electricity. Here first important point is how we get reciprocating motion, which is prime input in the system. A "generator" and "motor" is essentially the same thing: what you call it depends on whether electricity is going into the unit or coming out of it. A generator produces electricity. In a generator, something causes the shaft and armature to spin. An electric current is generated, as shown in the picture (lighting bolt).Lots of things can be used to make a shaft spin - a pinwheel, a crank, a bicycle, a water wheel, a diesel engine, or even a jet engine. They're of different sizes but it's the same general idea. It doesn't matter what's used to spin the shaft the electricity that's produced is the same.
Flywheel energy storage There have been a number of experiments using flywheel energy storage in electric vehicles. The flywheels store energy as rotation, which is converted to electricity via a generator, which then drives the wheel motors. It might seem odd to convert rotational energy to electrical energy, only to convert it back again to rotate the vehicle's drive wheels, but in fact it is a necessary step: In order to hold a useful amount of energy, flywheels need to spin extremely fast, and an electric generator is usually a more practical converter for this high speed rotational energy than a mechanical gearing system would be.
TRANSMISSION OF SYSTEM
GENERATOR
FLYWHEEL ENERGY STORAGE Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) works by accelerating a rotor to a very high speed and maintaining the energy in the system as inertial energy. Commercially available FES systems are used for small uninterruptible power systems. The rotors normally operate at 4000 RPM or less and are made of metal. Advanced flywheels are made of high strength carbon-composite filaments that spin at speeds from 20,000-100,000 RPM in a vacuum enclosure. Magnetic bearings are necessary as speeds increase to reduce the friction present when using conventional mechanical bearings. Quick charging is done in less than 15 minutes. Long lifetimes of most flywheels, plus high energy densities (~ 130 Wh/kg) and large maximum power outputs are positive attributes. The energy efficiency (ratio of energy out per energy in) of flywheels can be as high as 90%. Since FES can store and release power quickly, they have found a niche providing pulsed power
METHODOLOGY
we selected SEA SAW power generator means the “Energy in motion when it is suddenly applied with a sort of obstacle, then according to Newton’s law for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Utilization of this reaction is the basic reason behind the selection of this project work.” AVAILABLE ENERGY OF THE PLAYING CHILD TO APPLY IMPACT FORCE ON THE SEA SAW BOARD STRIPFLEXIBLE STAIR CASE STEP ALONG WITH THE TRAIN OF GEAR AND PULLEYS AND GENERATOR SYSTEMPOWER GENERTAED IN TERMA OF GLOWING BULB OR CHARGING BATTERY AVAILABLE ENERGY OF THE PLAYING CHILD TO APPLY IMPACT FORCE ON THE SEA SAW BOARD STRIP
FLEXIBLE STAIR CASE STEP ALONG WITH THE TRAIN OF GEAR AND PULLEYS AND GENERATOR SYSTEM
POWER GENERTAED IN TERMA OF GLOWING BULB OR CHARGING BATTERY
FIG 1: the set up flow diagram We can install generator along with the arrangement of converting the reciprocating motion to the rotary motion. This rotary motion is further magnify using reciprocating motion in to rotary motion-belt & pulley drive. The output of pulley is attached with flywheel it stored kinetic energy and transfer to alternator which generate electricity with zero cost.
How can I make an electric generator from garden play equipments? -Generators and motors are very closely related and many motors that contain permanent magnets can also act as generators. If you move a permanent magnet past a coil of wire that is part of an electric circuit, you will cause current to flow through that coil and circuit. That's because a changing magnetic field, such as that near a moving magnet, is always accompanied in nature by an electric field. While magnetic fields push on magnetic poles, electric fields push on electric charges. With a coil of wire near the moving magnet, the moving magnet's electric field pushes charges through the coil and eventually through the entire circuit.
HOW IS ELECTRICITY MEASURED? Electricity is measured in units of power called watts. It was named to honor James Watt, the inventor of the steam engine. One watt is a very small amount of power. It would require nearly 750 watts to equal one horsepower. A kilowatt represents 1,000 watts. A kilowatt-hour (kWh) is equal to the energy of 1,000 watts working for one hour. The amount of electricity a power plant generates or a customer uses over a period of time is measured in kilowatthours (kWh). Kilowatthours are determined by multiplying the number of kW's required by the number of hours of use. For example, if you use a 40-watt light bulb 5 hours a day, you have used 200 watts of power, or .2 kilowatthours of electrical energy
Power transmission shafting
Continuous mechanical power is usually transmitted along and between rotating shafts. The transfer between shafts is accomplished by gears, belts, chains or other similar means for matching the torque/speed characteristics of the interconnected shafts - eg. a car needs gears between the engine crankshaft and drive wheel half-shafts. Matching will be examined more closely in later chapters (Squirrel Cage Motors, V-Belt Drives, Spur Gears), here we focus on shafts. Shafts rotating only at constant speed n (rev/s) are considered here, and as shafts are usually statically determinate they may be examined by the techniques of elementary statics. Also, since - Power = force ( N) ∗ linear velocity ( m/s) in translational applications and - Power = torque ( Nm) ∗ angular velocity ( = 2π n rad/s) in rotational applications,
Pulleys-Belts to Transmit/Modify Motion Mechanical components are used to satisfy many engineering design functions. For example, when a mechanism includes a motor/engine for power generation, mechanical components are used to transmit the motion and power of the motor/engine, to other locations, to reduce speed provided by the motor/engines, to transform the motor/engine motion to a different form (e.g., rotary motion to oscillatory or linear motion), to actuate many subassemblies without requiring multiple motors/engines, to change the direction of motion, etc. In the previous section, we studied the application of pulleys (combined with rope/cable) to lift objects. Pulleys, as lifting devices, provide the design function of changing the direction of motion and force. Multiple pulleys also provide mechanical advantage, even though the friction between the pulley and rope/cable will increase as we increase the number of pulleys. In this subsection, we extend the use of pulleys to change the direction of rotary motion (as opposed to linear motion to lift objects), to reduce or increase speed, and to transmit power. To achieve these design functions, a belt component replaces the rope or cable. The following figure illustrates the two basic arrangements of pulleys-belts.
Motion transmission with pulleys and belts
COST OF ITEMS SR NO
PART NAME
RATE
QTY
TOTAL
1
FRAME ANGEL25X25X5mm
35/ kg
30kg
1050
2
FLYWHEEL
35/ kg
35kg
1225
3
SHAFT
55/kg
16
880
4
GEAR
8/teeth
209teeth
1672
5
PULLEY
-------
2
370
6
DYNAMO
800
1
800
7
BELT
------
2
250
8
CHANNEL
35/ kg
1
35
9
SPRING
260
1
260
10
RACK
800
1
800
11
HANDEL
35/kg
5
175
12
NUT BOLT WASHER
--------
-------
250
13
PLY
----------
1
350
14
FREE WHEEL
100
1
100
15
WELDING ROD
5 /pcs
25
125
16
COLOUR
300/lit
0.75 lit
225
TOTAL
8567/-
RAW MATERIAL & STANDARD MATERIAL SR NO
PART NAME
1
FRAME ANGEL25X25X5mm
2
FLYWHEEL
3
SHAFT
4
GEAR
5
PULLEY
6
DYNAMO
7
BELT
8
CHANNEL
9
SPRING
10
SHEET
11
PIPE
12
NUT BOLT WASHER
13
PLY
14
FREE WHEEL
15
WELDING ROD
16
COLOUR
APPLICATION 1)
We can vary the size of the device using the various proportions for emergency power generation big places like industries, cleaning purpose, spray painting. 2) The generator installed power supply can be stored in the Battery Back up system and using Invertors can generate A.C. current thus the generation of electricity with zeros manufacturing running cost. 3) To operate the reciprocating compressor and thus can be called as Kino-compressor and produce high-pressure air.
FUTURE MODIFICATIONS:We can modify it to work as water lifting pump by installing the water compressing reciprocating hydraulic pump. 1) It can be used as compressor by coupling the rack directly to the reciprocating piston of the air cylinder and air can be used in mines to operate the pneumatic appliances such as drills, coal cutters, motors, generators, pumps etc. 2) Can drive compressed air motor. 3) To operate pneumatic lifts and elevators. 4) For inflating automobile wheels-tyres in the road side by repair shops. 5) In foundry for sand blasting. 6) In pneumatic tools such as hammers, drills, pile drivers, grinders, concrete vibrator etc. 7) For starting the IC engine. 8) To produce the air blast for industrial application.
REFERENCES ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN – A.K.SAWHNEY Donald G. Fink and H. Wayne Beaty, Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers, Eleventh Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1978, ISBN 0-07-020974-X. Edwin J. Houston and Arthur Kennelly, Recent Types of Dynamo-Electric Machinery, copyright American Technical Book Company 1897, published by P.F. Collier and Sons New York, 1902. • Fitzgerald/Kingsley/Kusko (Fitzgerald/Kingsley/Umans in later years), *Electric Machinery, classic text for junior and senior electrical engineering students. Originally published in 1952, 6th edition published in 2002. Authors still listed as Fitzgerald/Kingsley/Umans although Fitzgerald and Kingsley are now deceased. Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume II { AC By Tony R. Kuphaldt Fifth Edition, last update January 10, 2004 Lessons In Electric Circuits, Volume I { DC By Tony R. Kuphaldt Fifth Edition, last update January 1, 2004 1) WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY – HAZARA CHOUDHARY 2) MACHINE DESIGN – R.S. KHURMI 3) PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY – BANGA AND SHARMA 4) PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL – BANGA AND SHARMA 5) HEAT TREATMENT – P.C. SHARMA
