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download instant at www.easysemester. www.easysemester.com com CHAPTER 2: DATABASE SYSTEM CONCEPTS AND ARCHITECTURE Answers to Selected Exercises 2!2 -
Think of different users for the database of Figure 1.2. What type of applications would each user need? To which user category would each belong and what type of interface would they need? Answer:
(a) egistration !ffice "ser# They can enter data that reflect the registration of students in sections of courses$ and later enter the grades of the students. %pplications can include# - egister a student in a section of a course - &heck whether a student who is registered in a course has the appropriate prere'uisite courses - rop a student fro a section of a course - %dd a student to a section of a course - *nter the student grades for a section %pplication prograers can write a nuber of canned transactions transactions for the registration office end-users$ pro+iding the with either fors and enus$ or with a paraetric interface. (b) %dissions !ffice "ser# The ain application is to enter newly accepted students into the database. &an use the sae type of interfaces as (a). (c) Transcripts !ffice "ser# The ain application is to print student transcripts. %pplication prograers can write a canned transaction using a report generator utility to print the transcript of a student in a prescribed forat. The particular student can be identified by nae or social security nuber. %nother application would be to generate grade slips at the end of each seester for all students who ha+e copleted courses during that seester. %gain$ %gain$ this application could be prograed using a report generator utility. 2!" -
,o solution pro+ided.
2!# -
if you were designing a Web-based syste to ake airline reser+ations and to sell airline tickets$ which / %rchitecture would you choose fro /ection 2.0? Why? Why would the other architectures not be a good choice? Answer:
2.0. Three-Tier &lient/er+er %rchitecture %rchitecture for Web %pplication is the best choice. The &lient consists of Web "ser 3nterface. The Web /er+er contains the application logic which includes all the rules and regulations related to the reser+ation process and the issue of tickets4 the atabase /er+er contains the /. 2.0.1 &entrali5ed / %rchitecture %rchitecture would not work since the user interface and database ser+er are on different achines for a web-based syste. 2.0.2 asic &lient/er+er %rchitecture %rchitecture and 2.0.6 Two-Tier Two-Tier &lient/er+er %rchitecture would work if the usiness 7ogic can reside on ser+er other than the / /er+er. 3n general$ if the business logic was on the / /er+er$ it will put an e8cessi+e burden on the ser+er. 3f the business logic were to reside on the web client$ it will burden the counication network as well a possibly thin client.
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&onsider Figure 2.1. 3n addition to constraints relating the +alues of coluns in one table to coluns in another table$ there are also constraints that ipose restrictions on +alues in a colun or a cobination of coluns within a table. !ne such constraint forces that a colun or a group of coluns ust be uni'ue across all rows in the table. For e8aple$ in the /T"*,T table$ the /tudent,uber colun ust be uni'ue (to pre+ent two different students fro ha+ing the sae /tudent,uber). 3dentify the colun or the group of coluns in the other tables that ust be uni'ue across all rows in the table?
Answer:
Table &!"/*
;**<"3/3T* /*&T3!,
%*@*;!T
&olun(s) &ourse,uber /ince this contains the cobination of the departent and the nuber that ust be uni'ue within the departent. ,ote we will o+erlook the fact this does not accoodate a departent fro offering se+eral 9/pecial Topics: course with the sae &ourse,uber but different titles. We could ake this a cobination of &ourse,uber and &ourse,ae$ but this is ore succeptible to soeone istyping while entering data. The cobination of &ourse,uber and ;rere'uisite,uber /ection3dentifier We assue that no two sections can ha+e the sae /ection3dentifier. 3f we were to consider that /ection3dentifier is uni'ue only within a gi+en course offered in a gi+en ter (such as section 2 of &/1=1) then the answer changes to the cobination of /ection3dentifier$ &ourse,uber$ /eester$ and >ear. /tudent,uber and /ection3dentifier %s per assuption stated in /*&T3!,$ the /ection3dentifier will be different if a student takes the sae course or a different course in another ter.
