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The process of labor and birth are divided into three stages and in this post we’ll discuss the changes and the nursing interventions and considerations for each.
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FIRST STAGE: Between the onset of True Labor & the point of Cervical dilatation and Effacement A.
Lat Latent Pha Phase Dilatation: 0-3 cm Duration: 20-40 seconds Contractions: mild and short
B.
Acti ve ve Ph Phase
C.
Trans ransit itio ion n Phas Phase e Dilatation: 8-10 cm Duration: 60-90 seconds, every 2-3 minutes Causes intense discomfort w/ nausea & vomiting, vomiting, anxiety & irritability & loss of control
Dilatation: 4-7 cm Duration: 40-60 seconds, every 3-5 minutes Contractions: stronger Causes true discomfort
SECOND STAGE: Period from full Cervical dilatation & Effacement to the Birth of the infant. Contractions are overwhelming (strongest) Crowning = widest part of t he fetal head appears at the vaginal opening With effective push of the mother, accompanied by strong uterine contractions, the baby is delivered. • • •
THIRD STAGE: Begins with the Birth of the infant to the Expulsion of the Placenta Also called the “Placental Stage” 2 Phases: Placental Separation Placental Expulsion The placenta is expected to be delivered within 15 – 30 minutes after the delivery of the baby. • •
•
FOURTH STAGE OF LABOR: The first 4 hours after the delivery of the Placenta. Childrearing Family. 6th Edition. Source: Source: Pillitteri, Adele, PhD, RN, PNP. Maternal & Child Nursing: Care of the Childbearing & Childrearing Vol 1. Philadelphia. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2010
XAVIER UNIVERSITY : BSN-2 , Block C & G , S.Y. S.Y. 2010-2011
