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THEME 18 GAME
FUNCIONES DEL JUEGO Y DE LA CREATIVIDAD EN EL APRENDIZAJ DE LAS LENGUAS EXTRANJERAS. DEFINICIÓN Y TIPOLOGÍA DE JUEGOS PARA EL APRENDIZAJE DE PERFECCIONAMIENTO PERFECCIONAMIENTO LINGÜÍSTICO. EL JUEG JUEGO O COMO COMO TÉ TÉCN CNIC ICA A LÚDI LÚDICO CO-C -CRE REAT ATIV IVA A DE ACCE ACCESO SO A COMPETENCIA COMUNICATIVA DE LA LENGUA EXTRANJERA. I.
FUNCTIONS OF GAMES AND CREATIVITY IN FOREI LANGUAGE LEARNING. Distinction game & play Creativity Creativity and games (matched) Function of games 1. Formative 2. Social 3. Coop ooperat eratio ionn 4. Cultur tural (Limitations: environmental, social, personality) Advantages o o o o
o o
II.
DEFINITION AND TYPE OF GAMES FOR LANGUA LEARNING AND PROFICIENCY Definition (natural enjoyable, spontaneous, pure activity) Classification Classification of games - Attending to the purpose: linguistic gam communicative game - degr degree ee of of coop cooper erat atio ion: n: coo coope pera rati tive ve,, comp compet etit it and cooperative and competitive games - tech techni niqu que: e: gue guess ssin ingg game games, s, sea searc rchi hing ng,, matc ma hi tchi Sign up to vote on this title exchanging. Useful Not useful - Grouping: individ ual, pairs , team, whole c cooperation. o o
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THEME 18 GAME INTRODUCTION
The actual ways of enjoying such as videogames or the competition game don’t show children the values or the necessary techniques to so problems. The conflict between them and their electrical games don require any kind of communication. The game is always right and childre can finish with the problem just pressing the off and on bottom. Children need to learn ways of communication more productive, mor realistic and more affective to be happy adults in the future.
Games are essential for a child’s development . Children need to play order to develop as human beings. Any activity they carry out is a game fo them. Our oldest students may think that games are infantile but it is just a excuse because they like them and prefer playing a game than developin other activities. Games are one of the most efficient techniques in th foreign language learning.
Reading a Preview At this theme, we are goingYou're to show the main characteristics of games an Unlock access with a free trial. how to use them in order to getfullsome educational purposes mostly relate to foreign language teaching. Download With Free Trial
So, let’s start showing the relationship between games and creativity an their functions in the English classroom. I.
FUNCTIONS OF GAMES AND CREATIVITY FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING. Sign up to vote on this title
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First of all, it is necessary to make a distinction between play and game A game consists of playing governed by rules. For example, kicking a ball i
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THEME 18 GAME
Games are creativity are absolutely matched because games are the natur environment where creativity thinking lives, and without a creative attitud would be impossible to develop any kind of game.
The main FUNCTION OF GAMES is to encourage creative thinking an imagination. But there are others:
Games help students to develop th personality. When children play they learn because they get ne experiences, because they have the opportunity to do it right o wrong, because they can apply their knowledge, because they ca solve problems. They contribute to an atmosphere of heal competition and provide a place for natural language in a non stressed situation.
1. FORMATIVE
ASPECT :
2. SOCIAL ASPECT :
Games help to shape a person socially, ev student has to contribute in some way when is playing a game, an games must depend on pupil’s participation. Students must fo You're Reading a Preview some rules and respect them. They involve equal participation fro full access Through with a free trial. both: slow and fastUnlock students. games we can also help t overcome their shyness. Download With Free Trial
Some games can teach students about othe cultures and their different aspects and also can show pupils the proximity with other cultures when they play games. Exampl “canicas” in Spain
3. CULTURAL ASPECT:
Games are one of the most successful to Sign up to vote on this title to get pupil’s involvement in activities that promote a great variet Useful Not useful of learning situations. Through games students acquire language proficiency because the
4. PRACTICAL ASPECTS:
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THEME 18 GAME (Limitations)
All children are born creative, they need to explore, investigate, an discover new things but this capacity is usually limited by: a. Environmental factors: physical structure of the classroom b. Social values: a creative child is usually nor rewarded in class c. Personality: the attitude towards oneself affects the crea process.
However, all these limitations can be minimised with the careful plannin carried out by the teacher. GAME’S ADVANTAGES
Brewster and Ellis suggested a list of some of the advantages of usin games, songs, rhymes, role-plays and so on, for language learning purposes:
Variety is added to the rage of learning situations. 2) The pace of the lesson can be changed into a more motivation situation for children. You're Reading a Preview 3) More formal teaching can be “lightened” , thus reviewing pupil Unlock full access with a free trial. energy. 4) Hidden practice of specific Download Trial 5) Listening skills, attention spanWith and Free concentration are improved 6) Pupil’s participation is encouraged 7) Increasing pupil-pupil communication 8) Any distance between teacher and pupils 9) Through games, teacher can identify problems and areas weakness. 1)
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Let’s see now the different kind of games involved in the teaching o Useful Not useful foreign languages.
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THEME 18 GAME II. DEFINITION AND TYPE OF GAMES LANGUAGE LEARNING AND PROFICIENCY
F
The game is a natural activity in children: it’s enjoyable, spontaneou and a pure activity.
It is natural because it appears in all children as a necessity of their ow human condition; It is enjoyable because children show a clear interest f them and also it involves fun; It is spontaneous because it is not promot by any external factors and arises by itself to the extent that we say tha the child is sick when he is not playing; and finally it’s pure because game are played just for pleasure.
When pupils play games they do it just for pleasure; teachers are who mus try to use this amusing tool for educational purposes and, we are who mak the classification of games taking into account these educational goals: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1.
PURPOSE COOPERATION You'reDEGREE Reading aOF Preview TECHNIQUE Unlock full access with a free trial. TYPE OF GROUP MEDIUM Download With Free Trial LEARNER AND TEACHER’S ROLE
According to the PURPOSE: Correction or linguistic games: These games depend upon players producing correct language. It i focused on accuracy. Thorough these of on games Signkind up to vote this titlewe practic grammar conventions, structures and vocabulary. It is full Useful Not useful repetitions. o
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THEME 18 GAME
Communicative games: These games focus on the overall message of the players. Th content is much more important than the form. However, it coul be thought that communicative games don’t improve accuracy bu the range of language needed can be limited so that students ar repeating structures many times. o
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This type of game often relies on an information gap. Students ca measure their own success by the speed and efficiency with whic they reach the objectives of the game. In a communication gam there is always more than one way to reach the objective.
The two types of games are not in conflict. Each one has its place on teaching programme. Both type of games focus on acquiring proficiency bu we, as teachers know that there are a wide number of games which can b played in an integrated way with the purpose of proficiency.
2. According to the DEGREE COOPERATION You're Reading a Preview There are many games which involve competition but there are others Unlock full access with free trial. games, we can find both which cooperation is the main thing. In aother cooperation within a team and competition against another team. Download Free first Trial to reach the goal while competitive games our pupils race toWith be the cooperative they must work together towards a common objective.
Generally speaking, we can say that cooperative games are better tha competitive but we are sometimes pushed to use competitive games sinc they are highly motivating with younger students who love competition. S we have to bear in mind that competing groups must be equally balanced, s Sign up to vote on this title none of them can always win. Useful Not useful
3.
According to the TECHNIQUE
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THEME 18 GAME
Later we will see some examples of games which use these techniques. 4. According to the TYPE OF GROUP - Individual - Pair games - Team games - Whole class games It is better for students to keep the same group throughout the year, the will have a stronger sense of team.
5. According to the MEDIUM There are games which are entirely oral or written. Activities in classroom must foster both, the written and the oral skills. At the beginning it is difficult to introduce and make use of written games but some simple written games aiming that accuracy when writing are th most convenient, such as crosswords. Other written games seem to be mor suitable for older learners. However, games provide a reason to write whic must be developed from the beginning. On the other hand, oral games can serve as icebreakers and provide You're Reading a Preview necessary step between controlled to free conversation. Unlock full access with a free trial.
6. TEACHER’S ROLE
Download With Free Trial According to
the
LEARNER
A
Our pupils must always be participants while the teacher’s role varie enormously. In fact, one of the aims of games is to reduce distanc between the teacher and students. Sign up to vote on this title
III. GAMES AS PLAY AND CREATIVE TECHNIQUES T Useful Not useful ACHIEVE FOREING LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIV COMPETENCE
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THEME 18 GAME
We can relate these two concepts to notions and functions into functional-notional syllabus: notions are declarative knowledge that theoretical concepts. On the other hand, functions are the situation where we have to put into practice that declarative knowledge.
Communicative competence has four main sub-competences, which de with all the different aspects that appear in language orally and written: 1.
2.
3.
4.
Grammatical competence: is the capacity to know and put in practic the rules of use of a language. This competence focuses directly o the knowledge and skill required to understand and expr accurately. We can use linguistic games. Sociolinguistic competence focuses on sociocultural rules of use an rules of discourse. It is concerned with the proper use of languag according to the context which depend on contextual fact ( status of participants, purposes of interactions, convention, etc) Discourse competence focus on how to combine grammatical form and meaning to achieve an unified spoken or written discourse. I You're Reading a Preview main elements are cohesion and coherence. Unlock full access with a free trial. We can use Chinese whispers Strategic competence, says that verbal and non-ve Download Free Trial communication strategies mayWith be called into action. We can use mime games
In addition, by playing games we are contributing to develop communicative competence and other basic competences such as:
Linguistic communication competence. Rhythm game Sign up to vote on this title contribute to the development of this basic competence as well a Useful Not useful linguistic games such as “ top and tail ”. Learning to learn competence. When students p
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THEME 18 GAME
Social and civic competence, the own definition o games include the respect for rules and other as the way to play, this a good example of this contribution. Although to a lesser extent, games develop t Artistic and cultural competence because language productions contain cultural component. By playing finger plays or rhythm games we ar developing this competence. Math competence is developed when practi numbers, sequences, and math operations. For example, when playing bingo .
We cannot divide games according to the communicative competenc
they are used for because mostly of them are suitable for more than one but at the same time, we will see how games contribute to the achievemen of communicative competence rather orally as written. GAMES TO ACHIEVE WRITTEN COMPETENCE You're Reading a Preview
Spelling games: alphabet races, spy cod Unlockstones, full access with a free trial. scramble words, steping hangman. Vocabulary games: focus on repetitio Downloadobserve With Free and Trial remember, remember an memorization. For instance, add, animal squares, shopping tour, the A to Z banquet, and “I spy” ( spy with my little eye something beginning with T.. Uhhmmm! Tribunal!) Structures games: Yes/no questions, all guessing games Reading games: suitable for youn up to vote on this title students to show understanding withoutSignproducing. Usually with a Useful Not useful of written cards with commands in them Writing games: those are the m o
o
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THEME 18 GAME o
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Listening games: TPR Role-play and dramatizations: story in a bag
CONCLUSION
Game is a powerful tool of communication and socialization. It is necessar in child’s development and it contributes to participative attitude cooperation, help, it develops the imagination, creativity, improve senses, the learning, help to solve problems and promote the so interactions between individuals. Brierley said “a child does not learn from a passive kaleidoscope experiences but from the outcomes of actions that he or she initiated”.
This phrase and a lot of research show that children were more receptiv You're Reading a Preview to teaching where they had been given the opportunity to be active Unlock full Games access withrespond a free trial. to these characteristic involved in the learning process. and they also follow the famous principle of “I hear and I forget, I see an Download With Free Trial I remember, I do and I understand”
We develop a great variety of knowledge and experiences in our student by contributing to other competences and by working communicat competence and, all these processes can be experiences and acquired b playing games. Sign up to vote on this title
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