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1.(a) Why it is important to clear all sizing materials from fabrics in process ? Ans.It is important to clear all sizing
materials from fabrics in
process to ensure the success of all the operations following following desizing desizing bleaching, dyeing,printing or finishing. (b)What faults will come from improper desizing ? Ans.Faults will come from improper desizing are given below :
Lower degree of whiteness whiteness
Insufficient absorbency
Spots,reserves,unlevelness,moire Spots,reserves,unlevelness,moire of dyeing.
Harsh handle
Poor wetting out & low pickup
(c)How can we test that desizing desizing is completed completed ? Ans. With the help of “ Iodin test ” we can test that
desi
completed.TEGEWA Violet Scale is used in this test , which ranges from
to 9. Rating 9 represents a quantity of starch less than 0.04% ,rating than 2.5% starch.Rating 5,less than 0.2% is acceptable for dyeing .
2. What is Tampex Test ? Why it is done ? If result is not good what fau come? Ans.Tampex test is a easy & fast way to establish the efficiency of
property of an auxiliary ( in a coloured solution ) to penetrate a pile
Masterswatches your semester with are of grey cotton cotton in Scribd 60 seconds contact.The more swatches Read Free Foron 30this Days Sign up to vote title (coloured) ,the more efficient is the wetting agent. & The New York Times Useful Not useful Special offer for students: Only $4.99/month. It is done to show
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the ability of the wetting agen in a coloured solutio
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are obtained with a caustic soda concentration of 28 to 32 ° Be´or 270 NaOH solid.
c.The temperature.The lower the temperature , the gre
brilliance because maximum swelling of the cellulose takes place between °c.
d.Complete swelling of the cellulose takes place in 30-6
NoOH.With liquid ammonia the time is reduced to 12-20s.Mercerizing agent increases the swelling.
e.The tension over the width & length of the fabric.Stabili
essential to obtain the maximum effect & rinsing must be carried out und tension. completion of mercerization :
The baryta index
indicat
degree of mercerization.The index of a mercerized cotton sample can
115 to 165 depending on the degree of mercerization.A baryta index abo indicates that mercerization is complete. Faults will come from improper mercerization: Readingof a Preview You're Reduction suitability for
finishing.
Unlock Destraction ofa free the full access with trial.brilliancy of
color.
Improper dimentional stability.
Download With Free Trial
No increase in tensile strength.
Irregular geometry of the structure.
Less affinity to dyestuffs & chemicals.
Uneven shade
Less lustrous effect.
Master your semester with Scribd Read Free Foron 30this Days Sign up to vote title 4.WhatYork is catalytic damage ?How it is controlled one bath scouring & ble & The New Times Useful Not useful in Special offer for students: Only $4.99/month. Ans.In case
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of peroxide bleaching iron,manganese,cobalt,copp
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In one bath scouring & bleaching it is controlled b
stabilizer.Sodium silicate is the most effective stabilizer used now a days. 5.Write two faults of OBA treated softened fabrics. A. Uneven whiteness B. Silicone spot 6.How dye is transferred from print film to cotton fabric in printing What faults will come if improper dye is transferred?
Ans. In cotton printing process, dye transferring from print
fabric is aided by the steaming process .When the cold printed fabric into superheated steam,a good amount of water is condensed ,which
absorbed by the dry thickener film. This absorption of water is aided
hygroscopic agent . The dyes & chemicals dissolves in the water whi very small quantities.As a result a very concentrated dye solution within
the thickener film. In the mean time , the temperature of
Reading a Preview reaches at 95°c to 100°c. DueYou're to high temperature & high concentratio
dye , the dye from the thickener film is with rapidly transferred to the cotton Unlock full access a free trial.
If improper dye is transferred ,then the color yield wil Download With Free Trial
low.
7.What is snapper ? What fault will come in printing if there is improper of urea? Ans. Snapper : The effects of the double stripes of colour
Mastersnapper.It your semester Scribd someRead is a fault with of printing.When foreign matters come un Free Foron 30this Days Sign up to vote title colour York doctorTimes edge & lifting it off the engraved & The New Usefulroller,then Not usefulit permits Special offer for students: Only amount of $4.99/month. the paste
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to be transferred to the fabric.which creats the
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8.Write four faults of reactive printing with their causes & remedies. No. 1.
2. 3. 4.
Faults Snappers
Causes When some foreign matters come under the colour doctor edge & lifting it off the engraved roller,then it permits a large amount of the paste to be transferred to the fabric.which creats the double stripe of colour effect
Remedie Washing & the doctor roller & stain th are some meas prevent this def
Print sharpness is lost Lighter shade
Large amount of hygroscopic agent is used. Lower amount of hygroscopic agent is used. You're Reading a Preview fixation . a.improper Unlock full access with a free trial. amount of alkali. b.improper c.improper dye stuff Download With Free Trial selection.
Optimum us hygroscopic age Optimum us hygroscopic age a. ensure proper fixation. b.ensure proper amount of alkali c.should be use brand dyes. (high reactivity , dyes)
Back staining of undyed area
Master your semester with Scribd & The New Timescontrol parameters 9.WhatYork are process Special offer for students: Only $4.99/month.
their roles for fault free dyeing?
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Cationisation of fibers & fabrics
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substantivity.The
quantity
of
salt
depends on
concentration & liquor ratio.
pH of the dye bath :The reactive absorption phase takes
neutral pH ,as the raising of the pH provokes the dye reaction with t
or water & if the dye has not been absorbed into the fibre ,hyd increased.
Temperature : The affinity of the dye for the fiber decrea
the increase in temperature.However the rate of diffusion of the dye in increases with increased temperature.
Time
of
dyeing :Generally
the
dye
may
be added
portions.The salt may also be added in two lots.The depth of the reactivity of the dye decide the time of dyeing.
Amount of Alkali :The amount of alkali used for fixing depe
the depth of shade dyed & the liquor ratio employed. 10.What is blocking effect?why it is occurred?
You'reof Reading a Preview shade, when one dyes Ans. Incase of dyeing combination
the fixation of another dyes is called blocking effect. Unlock full access with a free trial.
Due to the wrong ternary selection ,there will be incomp Download With Free Trial
of exhaustion,fixation properties among the dyes,which creats the effect. 11.Define off shade, patchy dyeing,colour spot,oil spot, poor washing & fastness , uneven dyeing in exhaust reactive dyeing?
Master your semester with: Scribd Ans. Off shade It can be & The New York Times Special offer for students: Only shade.Due to$4.99/month. improper
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the
storage reactive dyes can be hydrolysed,that is wh
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Cationisation of fibers & fabrics
Effect of Maintenance on
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oil spot:
During manufacturing oil spot can be produced
during knitting. To remove the oil spot proper detergent should be use have excellent emulsifying properties. poor washing & rubbing fastness :
It can be happened due
improper washing off or, poor quality of fabric.To avoid this problem fixative should be selected for deep shades, good quality fabric selected & proper washing off should be ensured. uneven dyeing in exhaust reactive dyeing:
There
are
reasons for uneven dyeing in exhaust reactive dyeing, which are given belo
Improper ternary selection.
Selection of dyes with poor migration values for light
Incorrect dyeing method.
Uneven pretreatment.
You're Reading a Preview Improper color dissolution.
Unlock fullcolor access with a free trial. method. Adopt proper dissolution
Download With Free Trial
12.What fault will come for poor migration values reactive dyes?Define migration test of reactive dyes. Ans.Uneven dyeing will be occurred if poor migration
reactive dyes is selected for light shade.
Migration test of reactive dyes: For any shade percen
Master%your semester with Scribd ) this experiment is done. A standard sample isto used for Read Free Foron 30this Days Sign up vote titlecompariso & The New Times Useful to Not useful same York size fabric samples( A,B,C ) are dyed according the following Special offer for students: Only $4.99/month.
curve :
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Standard sample & A should be as close as possible.
B & C should be as close as possible
Standard
A
B
C
If there is poor migration of the dyes , then the samp
remain almost white in color.Because due to the poor m
dyes will not migrate from B to C. From the sample A , we the information about the substantivity of that dyes.
13.What fault will come for improper ternary dyes selection.What is reme
Reading aternary Preview dyes selection uneven Ans.Due toYou're improper
blocking effect ,Incorrect shade can be occurred. Unlock full access with a free trial. To avoid these problem ternary dyes should be Download With Free Trial
according to their exhaustion ,fixation behavior.
14.What are causes for uneven dyeing of cold pad batch method?In this need any salt ?
Ans :Causes for uneven dyeing of cold pad batch metho
Mastergiven yourbelow semester with Scribd : Read Free Foron 30this Days Sign up to vote title the fabric. & The New York Times Improper absorbency of Useful Not useful Special offer for students: Only $4.99/month.
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Improper whiteness of the fabric.
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similar fabric affinity for light shades.
Proper ternary selection
Use proper amount alkali
Temp. should be low as possible
Faster exchange rate
Smaller fouland size
16.What fault will you face with using improper quantity of Glauber’s /c salt in below process:
i)Exhaust method in reactive dyeing . ii)Pad dry chemical pad steam method. Ans. Exhaust method in reactive dyeing :
Using improper
quantity of Glauber’s salt or commont salt cause improper exhaustion of
dyestuffs. Which can produce improper shade of the dyed fabric. Pad dry chemical pad steam method. You're Reading a Preview
Using imprope
full access withcan a free trial. quantity of Glauber’s salt or Unlock common salt cause unlevel dyeing.becau
this process salt acts as an anti migrating agent. Download With Free Trial
17.Draw exhaustion , fixation curve of Hot brand reactive dye. What fau come of improper washing off of this dye?
100
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