Top Science 3 - Resource Book

Top Science 3 PRIMARY TEACHER’S RESOURCE BOOK

189703 _ 0001-0001.indd 1

11/03/11 12:33

Introduction Top Science 3 Teacher’s Resource Book provides a range of materials designed to complement the Student’s Book and the Teacher’s Book. These materials contribute to the flexible nature of Top Science: students in the same class can be given worksheets at different levels, or weaker students can complete the tasks with stronger peers. Teachers with more contact hours can make use of these photocopiable materials as and when they need them. There are three categories of worksheets: reinforcement, extension, and assessment. Use them for revision purposes, for extension practice, as progress tests, assessment or for homework. The worksheets can be photocopied and filed in a folder.

Reinforcement and extension worksheets There are forty reinforcement worksheets. These materials constitute a flexible tool: they can be worked on after the relevant section in the Student’s Book, before the Activities sections, or as extra preparation for the unit assessment. The answer keys are provided. There are fifteen double-page extension worksheets, one for each unit of the Student’s Book. These worksheets can be used for fast finishers or to extend class work. Depending on the level of the class, students can complete the worksheets with or without consulting their Student’s Book. The answer keys are provided.

1

Your body

Name

1

ReinfoRcement

Our skeleton

Name

Date

EXTENSION

Date

All vertebrate animals have a skeleton.

Remember

The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones. Bones have many important functions:

The main parts of the human body are the head, trunk and limbs.

They give the body shape.

Organs make your body function. Organs are inside your body.

They support the body’s muscles. They support the weight of the body. 1

Label the body parts. head

They protect the vital organs. For example, the skull protects the brain. The ribs protect the heart and lungs. The spinal column protects the spinal cord. trunk 1

Label the skeleton with these words.

limbs

2

Look at the diagram and write examples.

femur

maxilla

humerus

clavicle

sternum

tibia

brain

lung

arm

heart

nasal bone spinal column skull

radius

pelvis leg

ulna

stomach

ribs

knee cap

An organ inside your head An organ inside your trunk

fibula

A lower limb Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

9

50

Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

II 189703 _ 0002-0007.indd 2

11/03/11 12:24

Diagnostic tests There are six double-page diagnostic tests. They are to be completed at the start of the school year to give an indication of the student’s basic level of Science and English. The answer keys are provided.

11

Our skeleton Our skeleton

11

DIAGNOSTIC TESTTEST DIAGNOSTIC

Name Name

4 4Which sense areare they using? Write. Which sense they using? Write.

Date Date

a a

b b

1 1Match. Match.

head head limbs limbs c c

trunk trunk

e e

d d

2 2Complete Complete thethe sentences. sentences. elbow elbow

joints joints

knee knee

Bones Bones joinjoin together together at at

. .

YouYou bend your armarm at the bend your at the

. .

YouYou bend bend your your legleg at the at the

. .

5 5Label thethe diagram. Label diagram. lung lung

heart heart

stomach stomach

3 3Match. Match. skull skull

biceps biceps

rib rib pectoral muscles pectoral muscles tibia tibia abdominal abdominal muscles muscles

spinal spinal column column

calfcalf muscles muscles

femur femur

9090

Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L. S.L. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación,

6 6Tick thethe healthy habits. Tick healthy habits. Sleep less than eight hours every night. Sleep less than eight hours every night.

Drink very little water. Drink very little water.

EatEat a varied diet. a varied diet.

Brush your teeth once a week. Brush your teeth once a week.

Have a bath or shower every day. Have a bath or shower every day.

Exercise often. Exercise often.

9191

Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L. S.L. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación,

Individual results chart The results chart indicates areas in which the student has achieved acceptable competence and highlights areas which require additional practice.

Individual results chart

INDIvIDuAL RESuLTS CHART

Name

Date

Yes

NP*

Comments

Yes

Your body

Machines, materials and energy

Identify body parts.

Identify common machines and their uses.

Name and locate bones, muscles and joints.

Identify common materials and their properties.

Name and locate some organs.

Your neighbourhood

NP*

Comments

Know basic facts about the place where you live.

Distinguish between healthy and unhealthy habits.

Identify family members.

Identify the sense organs.

Living things

Recognise some road safety rules.

Differentiate between living and non-living things.

Time and directions

Recognise the characteristics of the main groups of living things.

use time concepts appropriately.

Classify animals according to their body, how they move, how they reproduce and their food.

Order sequences chronologically.

Identify the parts of a plant.

use spatial notions correctly. Know the points of a compass.

Planet Earth Recognise the properties of air.

NP: Needs practice.

Identify and describe day and night. Recognise the properties and uses of water. Identify types of landscapes. Identify landscape features. Distinguish between natural and man-made features of landscapes.

102



103

III 189703 _ 0002-0007.indd 3

11/03/11 12:24

Assessment worksheets There is a double-page unit assessment worksheet and one multiplechoice test for each unit. In addition, there are three double-page term assessments and three term tests. There is one double-page final assessment and a four-page final test.

Unit assessment worksheets Activities include labelling illustrations and diagrams, filling in the blanks, matching, True/False, wordsearches, and many more activities.

77

Planet Earth Planet Earth

77

ASSESSmEnt ASSESSmEnt

Name Name

6 6Why Why it day in some places Earth night in other places? is itisday in some places on on Earth andand night in other places?

Date Date

1 1Write Write T (true) T (true) or For(false). F (false). planet Earth. WeWe livelive on on planet Earth. surface of the Earth is covered with land water. TheThe surface of the Earth is covered with land andand water. 7 7Tick Tick correct sentence. thethe correct sentence.

Earth is surrounded a layer of air called atmosphere. TheThe Earth is surrounded by by a layer of air called thethe atmosphere. Most of the Earth is covered with land. Most of the Earth is covered with land.

At sunrise, thethe SunSun is in west andand at sunset, it isit in east. At sunrise, is the in the west at sunset, is the in the east. At sunrise, thethe SunSun is in east andand at sunset, it isit in west. At sunrise, is the in the east at sunset, is the in the west.

2 2Match. Match. SunSun

A planet in the Solar System. A planet in the Solar System.

Earth Earth

Earth’s natural satellite. TheThe Earth’s natural satellite.

Moon Moon

8 8Match. Match. map map Earth globe Earth globe

closest to the Earth. TheThe closest starstar to the Earth.

A flat drawing which represents parts of the surface of the Earth. A flat drawing which represents parts of the surface of the Earth. A sphere which represents thethe Earth on on a small scale. A sphere which represents Earth a small scale.

9 9Label Label diagram of the Earth. thethe diagram of the Earth.

3 3Write rotation or orbit. Write rotation or orbit. It takes It takes 2424 hours. hours.

Southern Southern Hemisphere Hemisphere

It causes It causes thethe fourfour seasons. seasons. It takes It takes 365 365 days. days.

South Pole South Pole

It causes It causes dayday andand night. night.

Equator Equator 4 4Write Write rotation rotation or orbit or orbit under under thethe correct correct diagram. diagram.

North Pole North Pole Northern Northern Hemisphere Hemisphere

10 10Write Write names of the continents. thethe names of the six six continents.

5 5Write Write thethe names names of the of the four four Moon Moon phases. phases.

120 120

Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L. S.L.

Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L. S.L.

121 121

Unit test worksheets All the unit tests have a multiple-choice format. Planet Earth

TEST 7

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The Earth is

6. Asia is

a. a satellite.

a. a continent.

b. a star.

b. an ocean.

c. a planet.

c. an island.

2. The thin layer of air which surrounds the Earth is called a. the continent.

7. The Earth orbits a. itself. b. the Moon.

b. the ocean.

c. the Sun.

c. the atmosphere. 3. The rotation of the Earth takes

8. Most of the surface of the Earth is covered by

a. 28 days.

a. land.

b. a year.

b. water.

c. a day.

c. craters.

4. There are cardinal points. a. six

c. the months.

c. five

10. A map is

5. The Moon is a. the star which orbits the Earth. b. the planet which orbits the Sun. c. the natural satellite which orbits the Earth.

144

a. day and night. b. the seasons.

b. four

189703_107_161.indd 144

9. The rotation of the Earth causes

a. a sphere that represents the Earth. b. a representation of the Sun, the Earth and the Moon. c. a flat drawing that represents the surface of the Earth.


07/03/11 11:42

IV 189703 _ 0002-0007.indd 4

22/03/11 14:12

Blank illustrations On pages 181 and 182, there are two illustrations of the human body; one of the skeleton and one of the muscles. They will help students develop observation skills, and can be used for revision or extension or for homework.

Bones


Muscles

181

182


Other resources Top Science 3 Activity Book The Activity Book is designed to provide further practice for both the content and the language objectives of the course. It contains full-colour illustrations and diagrams, and a range of graded activities to reinforce the course content and to encourage learner autonomy. There are three double pages per unit. At the end of the Activity Book, there are two Let’s do it! and two Read and do! pages per term, as well as instructions for students to make a log book and ideas for a class quiz and a board game.

V 189703 _ 0002-0007.indd 5

22/03/11 14:12

Digital resources i-solutions Top Science 3 offers 4 CDs designed to bring digital resources to the classroom. These CDs provide materials for interactive whiteboard presentations and practice, hands-on experiments and computer work for students. CD 1 Digital Flashcards, Posters and Web bank • The flashcard bank has over 200 images which can be projected onto a whiteboard or printed and used as conventional flashcards. Each image offers the option of listening to the audio and viewing the written word. • The digital posters can be printed when required. • The Web bank includes some of the best, free web links for teaching Science, Geography and History. These links provide access to valuable resources to help with lesson planning as well as ways to personalise classes and cater to students’ need. CD 2 Teacher’s Resource Book and Maps This CD contains the digital version of the Teacher’s Resource Book in PDF format. The worksheets can be printed for individual use, or projected onto an interactive whiteboard for group activities. In addition, this CD provides blank and completed physical and political maps of the world, Europe and Spain. CD 3 i-book The i-book provides the core course material of the Teacher’s Book and the Student’s Book in interactive format. It can be used in the classroom or for class planning.

CD 4 Interactive Whiteboard (IWB) Activities There are three interactive activities per unit on this CD. These can be used to help reinforce the main concepts of each unit in a different and fun way.

VI 189703 _ 0002-0007.indd 6

11/03/11 12:24

Contents Worksheets REINFORCEMENT WORKSHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8

EXTENSION WORKSHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 ASSESSMENT WORKSHEETS Diagnostic tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Individual results chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Unit assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Unit tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Term assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Term tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Final assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Final test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Answer keys REINFORCEMENT WORKSHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 EXTENSION WORKSHEETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 ASSESSMENT WORKSHEETS Diagnostic tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Unit assessments and tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Term assessments and tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Final assessment and test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Blank illustrations . . . . . . . . . 181-182

189703 _ 0002-0007.indd 7

22/03/11 14:12

Reinforcement worksheets 1 Your body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

21 Water in nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2 Bones, muscles and joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

22 The water cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

3 You grow and change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

23 Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

4 Sight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

24 Weather and climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

5 Hearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

25 Weather and the seasons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

6 Smell, taste and touch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

26 Mountain landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

7 Nutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

27 Flat land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

8 Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

28 Coastal landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

9 Reproduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

29 Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

10 Mammals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

30 Villages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

11 Reptiles and birds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

31 Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

12 Fish and amphibians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

32 Crop farming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

13 Invertebrate animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

33 Stockbreeding and fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

14 Insects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

34 Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

15 Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

35 Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

16 Simple and compound machines . . . . . . . . . 24

36 Transport and communications . . . . . . . . . . 44

17 The Earth, the Sun and the Moon . . . . . . . . . 25

37 Local government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

18 The Earth and the Moon move . . . . . . . . . . . 26

38 Municipal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

19 Maps and globes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

39 The passing of time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

20 The different states of water . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

40 The past and present of cities and villages . . . . 48

ANSWER KEYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

8

11/03/11

12:24

1

Your body

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember The main parts of the human body are the head, trunk and limbs. Organs make your body function. Organs are inside your body.

1

Label the body parts. head

trunk

limbs

2

Look at the diagram and write examples. brain

lung

arm

heart

leg

stomach

An organ inside your head

An organ inside your trunk

A lower limb


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

9

9 11/03/11

12:24

2

Bones, muscles and joints

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Bones are hard, strong, rigid organs. They form the skeleton. Bones join together at joints. Muscles are attached to the bones and help them to move. Muscles are flexible.

1

Use the key and colour the diagram. yellow

bones

red

2

muscles

Complete the sentences.

muscles

Bones join together at

joints

bones

3

form the skeleton. .

help the bones to move. They are flexible organs which are attached to the bones.

Write the names of the joints. C B

A. B.

A

C. D. E

10 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

D

E.


10

11/03/11

12:24

3

You grow and change

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember There are four main stages throughout your life: childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age.

1

Match. adolescence

old age

childhood

adulthood

◾ Now, write the stages of life in order.

2

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Read and circle the correct description. childhood adolescence adulthood old age

Milk teeth fall out, and permanent teeth grow. A boy’s voice gets deeper. The first stage of life. Your body prepares to become an adult. Many changes take place. We can have children. Our bones become fragile. Our muscles are weaker. We grow very rapidly.


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

11

11 11/03/11

12:24

4

Sight

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember The sense of sight is used to distinguish shapes, colours, size and distance. The eyes are the sense organs of sight. The retina captures light from an object. This information is sent to the brain through the optic nerve. The brain interprets the information.

1

Label the parts of the eye.

2

Complete the sentences. First, light passes through the c . It is transparent. Then, light passes through the p , the hole in the centre of the iris. The i is the coloured ring that controls the level of light. The l helps the eye to focus. Finally, the r

captures light from an object.

Information is sent to the brain through the o n .

12 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


12

11/03/11

12:24

5

Hearing

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Hearing is the sense you use to capture sounds. Ears are the sense organs of hearing. The ears capture sound vibrations and send them to the brain.

1

Colour the words related to hearing. optic nerve sound

2

retina light

inner ear vibration

pinna middle ear

Label the parts of the ear. ear drum

3

pinna

small bones

cochlea

Match. The ear drum

vibrates when sound reaches it.

The cochlea

sends the information to the brain.

The small bones

receives the sound vibrations.

The auditory nerve

make the sound louder.


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

13

13 11/03/11

12:24

6

Smell, taste and touch

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember The sense of smell allows you to capture odours. The sense organ of smell is inside your nose. The sense of taste allows you to capture flavours of food. Your tongue is the main sense organ of taste. The sense of touch allows you to identify characteristics of the objects around you. Your skin in the sense organ of touch.

1

Complete the chart. Smell

Taste

Touch

The sense organ is… It allows you to capture or identify… 2

3

Match the three columns. taste buds

skin

captures flavours of food

nasal lining

tongue

distinguishes hot or cold

sense organ of touch

nose

captures odours

Circle the senses that you use to identify these objects. A

sight sound smell taste touch B

C

sight sound smell taste touch

sight sound smell taste touch

14 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


14

11/03/11

12:24

7

Nutrition

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Nutrition is a life process. Nutrition provides energy and nutrients so you can grow and be healthy. All animals eat other living things. Animals can be herbivores, carnivores or omnivores. Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis.

1

Colour the correct word. Then write the sentence. Nutrition provides your body with electricity

energy and nutrients.

2

Look at the diagram about nutrition in plants. Then, answer. light

What do plants need to produce their own food? carbon dioxide

How do plants take in water and mineral salts?

mineral salts

water

3

How do plants take in carbon dioxide?

Match.

Carnivores

eat other animals and plants.

Herbivores

eat other animals.

Omnivores

eat plants.


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

15

15 11/03/11

12:24

8

Sensitivity

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Sensitivity means the ability to respond to changes in the environment. People and animals use sense organs, muscles and the nervous system to respond to the environment.

1

Write yes or no. Animals

Plants

Do they have sense organs? Can they move? Do they have sensitivity? 2

Complete the chart.

People and animals respond to their environment. They use

sense organs which are eyes

The The most important part is the brain

16 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


16

22/03/11

14:13

9

Reproduction

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Reproduction is the ability of all living things to produce new living things of their own kind. Reproduction can be sexual or asexual.

1

Complete the sentences. Most plants have in the

reproduction. This takes place , which have a male and a

Other plants have or 2

reproduction, without flowers . These plants can grow from

.

Are these oviparous or viviparous animals?

3

part.

Are these examples of sensitivity or reproduction? A

B

C


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

17

17 11/03/11

12:24

10

Mammals

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Mammals are vertebrates. Most mammals use their legs to move around. They breathe through lungs. Their skin is usually covered with fur or hair. Mammals are viviparous. Baby mammals drink their mother’s milk.

1

Circle eight words in the wordsearch. Then, complete the text.

hair

legs

fins

vertebrate

V

E

R

T

E

B

R

A

T

E

I

S

W

R

Y

T

Z

W

L

K

V

Y

L

E

G

S

C

K

X

J

I

R

S

D

H

Z

H

Q

J

N

P

N

M

F

M

V

L

G

R

W

A

P

H

A

I

R

P

M

Z

I

R

W

Y

L

L

C

N

F

M

N

O

V

D

K

K

Q

F

I

D

G

U

R

X

V

Q

L

U

N

G

S

S

K

T

J

H

B

G

S

F

X

viviparous

lungs

milk

wings

Mammals Mammals are

animals because they have a skeleton made

up of bones. They breathe through . Their skin is usually covered with fur or . They are

because they are born from

their mother’s womb. Baby mammals drink their mother’s . Most mammals live on land and use their

to move around.

Marine mammals, like dolphins or whales, live in the ocean. They swim using their . Flying mammals use their

18 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

to fly.


18

11/03/11

12:24

11

Reptiles and birds

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Reptiles breathe through lungs and have skin covered with scales. Most of them live on land and walk using their legs. They are oviparous. Birds breathe through lungs and have skin covered with feathers. They have two wings to fly and two legs. They hatch from eggs.

1

Complete the chart. They breathe through Reptiles Birds

2

They have skin covered with

They move around using their

The offspring hatches from

scales lungs

Answer the questions. Are birds vertebrates? Explain. Do birds have scales? Where? Are reptiles oviparous? Explain. How do birds take care of their offspring? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

19

19 11/03/11

12:24

12

Fish and amphibians

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Fish are aquatic animals. They breathe in oxygen from water using their gills. Their bodies are covered with shiny scales. They swim using their fins. Fish are oviparous. They lay many small eggs in water. Amphibians breathe in oxygen through lungs and through their skin. They have bare skin. They have four legs. Amphibians are oviparous. When they are born, they live in water. The adults live on land.

1

Where do fish and amphibians live? fish

amphibians 2

Complete the animal index cards.

Group: Breathing: Body covering: Movement: Reproduction:

Group: Breathing: Body covering: Movement: Reproduction:

20 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


20

11/03/11

12:24

13

Invertebrate animals

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Invertebrate animals do not have a spinal column. There are many different groups of invertebrates, for example: jellyfish, worms, molluscs, arthropods and insects.

1

What do all invertebrates have in common?

2

Circle the correct word. Then write the sentences. Jellyfish have tentacles / legs. Their bodies look like jelly / rocks. Worms have soft / hard bodies. They are round / long and thin. All molluscs have hard / soft bodies. They usually have shells / scales. Spiders have eight / six legs.

3

How many invertebrate animals can you think of? Write their names. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

21

21 11/03/11

12:24

14

Insects

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Insects are the largest group of animals. They are invertebrates. Insects are oviparous. They have two antennae, six legs and four wings. Insects’ bodies have three parts: the head, the thorax and the abdomen.

1

Label the parts of the insect. head thorax abdomen wing leg antenna

2

Answer. What are the three main parts of an insect’s body? How many legs have insects got? How many wings have insects got? How are insects born?

22 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


22

11/03/11

12:24

15

Machines

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Machines are devices that allow you to work better, faster and easier. They help you save time and energy. Machines need energy in order to function.

1

How do these machines function? Use the key and circle. red

2

energy from electricity

blue

energy from people

Choose two machines from Activity 1. Explain what they are used for. We use

for

We use

for


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

23

23 22/03/11

14:13

16

Simple and compound machines

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Machines can be simple or compound. Simple machines have one or few parts. They work with one movement. Compound machines are made up of two or more simple machines working together.

1

Complete the chart. compound

few simple

many have parts.

Types of machines have parts.

2

Use the key and circle the machines. red

simple machines

24 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

blue

compound machines


24

11/03/11

12:24

17

The Earth, the Sun and the Moon

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Earth is a planet. There is water and land on the surface of the Earth. The Sun is a star. It is the closest star to the Earth. The Moon is the Earth’s natural satellite. The Moon orbits the Earth.

1

Write the names.

2

Look at the illustrations. Write planet, star or satellite. B

A

3

C

Use the key and colour. light blue

the atmosphere

dark blue

the oceans

brown

the continents


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

25

25 11/03/11

12:24

18

The Earth and the Moon move

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember The Earth rotates on its axis. This rotation causes day and night. The Earth orbits the Sun. An Earth revolution causes the four seasons. There are four Moon phases: full moon, waning moon, waxing moon and new moon.

1

Write rotation or revolution.

2

Match. full moon A

3

waning moon

B

waxing moon C

new moon

D

Match. The rotation of the Earth causes

the seasons.

One complete rotation of the Earth takes

365 days.

Earth revolution causes

day and night.

One Earth revolution takes

24 hours.

26 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


26

11/03/11

12:24

19

Maps and globes

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Earth globes are spheres. They are the most accurate way to represent the planet Earth. Maps are flat drawings that represent parts of the surface of the Earth. World maps represent the entire planet.

1

Match the names to the Earth globe. North Pole South Pole Equator Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere

2

Write the names of the oceans and continents. Continents

Oceans

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

I

E

P

O


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

27

27 11/03/11

12:24

20

The different states of water

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Water can exist in three different states: solid, liquid and gaseous. A change of state occurs when water cools or heats up. The changes of state of water happen with melting, freezing, evaporation and condensation.

1

Complete the sentences. solid

2

Water vapour is water in a

state.

Snow is water in a

state.

River water is water is a

state.

gaseous

Match. evaporation

3

liquid

A

freezing

B

melting

C

Complete the sentences. heat water

freeze water

melt ice

To make water vapour, you To make ice, you To make liquid water from ice, you

28 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


28

11/03/11

12:24

21

Water in nature

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Water is found in: seas, oceans, rivers, streams and lakes. aquifers and underground rivers. mountain regions, the North Pole and South Pole, as snow and ice. clouds, as water droplets.

1

Find all the places with water. Colour them blue.

◾ Now label the illustration with these words. snow aquifer sea river lake 2

Look at Activity 1. Where can you find water in a liquid state? Where can you find water in a solid state? water in a liquid state

water in a solid state


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

29

29 11/03/11

12:24

22

The water cycle

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Water is continually moving around the Earth, changing from one state to another. This causes the water cycle.

1

Look at the water cycle. Number the sentences in order.

3

2

1 4 5

Rain falls into the rivers and flows to the sea. 1 Water from the sea heats up and evaporates.

Water from the clouds falls as rain, snow or hail. Water vapour rises in the air. It condenses and forms clouds. The wind moves the clouds over the land. Some rain goes into the ground as groundwater. Now, copy the sentences in order.

30 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


30

11/03/11

12:24

23

Air

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Air is the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth and makes up the atmosphere. The main gases in air are nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide. Air is invisible. Air has no shape. Air has weight. Air moves and occupies space.

1

Circle the things that need air to live or function.

2

Match.

Air has no shape.

3

Air occupies space.

Air has weight.

Write T (true) or F (false). Air is a liquid. We can hear better without air. The lower part of the atmosphere contains the air we breathe. Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in air. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

31

31 11/03/11

12:24

24

Weather and climate

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place. Weather refers to temperature, precipitation and wind. Climate is the typical weather conditions in one area over a long period of time. Different parts of the Earth have different climates.

1

Match. breeze

Water that falls to the Earth as a liquid.

hail

Water that falls to the Earth as small pieces of ice.

hurricane

A very light wind.

rain

An extremely strong wind with rain. 2

Circle the correct words. A

Mountain climates have low / high temperatures. It snows / doesn’t snow a lot in winter.

B

Coastal climates have mild / very hot temperatures all year round. C

Continental climates have low / high temperatures in winter and low / high temperatures in summer. It rains / doesn't rain a lot.

32 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


32

11/03/11

12:24

25

Weather and the seasons

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Weather changes with each season. Winter is the coldest season. It can snow. Spring is the mildest season. It often rains. Summer is the hottest season. It doesn’t rain very much. Autumn has mild temperatures at the beginning. Temperatures get colder towards the end. It often rains.

1

Write the seasons.

2

Complete the chart. Precipitation

Temperatures

Winter Spring Summer Autumn


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

33

33 11/03/11

12:24

26

Mountain landscapes

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Mountain landscapes consist of mountains and valleys. Mountains are high areas of land with steep sides. Valleys are areas of flat land between mountains.

1

Label the illustration with these words. mountain

2

foot

summit

slope

valley

Complete the sentences. summit valleys mountains Mountain landscapes consist of

are areas of flat land between mountains.

The

34 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

and valleys.

is the highest part of a mountain. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

34

11/03/11

12:24

27

Flat land

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Plains, moors and flood plains are different types of flat lands.

1

Tick the true sentences. Then, answer the question.

There are motorways.

There are mountains.

There is a river.

There is a train.

There are farms.

There is a city.

Is this a mountain landscape or flat land? Explain. 2

What can you see in each landscape? Circle A or B. A

B

Mountain landscape

A B

Valley

A B

Flat land

A B

Crops

A B

Summit

A B

Flood plain

A B


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

35

35 11/03/11

12:24

28

Coastal landscapes

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Coastal landscapes are areas of land near the sea. The land can be high or low. Coastal landscapes can have cliffs or beaches.

1

Label the illustration with these words. cape

bay

island beach

cliff 2

Match. A narrow piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.

island

A small gulf.

bay

A large piece of land that sticks out into the sea.

cape

36 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

An area of land completely surrounded by water.

peninsula


36

11/03/11

12:24

29

Rivers

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember A river is a large, flowing body of water. A river begins at its source in the mountains. A river ends at its mouth at the sea. A river bed is the ground over which a river flows. The flow is the volume of water in a river. The course is the journey from the source to the mouth. There are three parts: the upper course, the middle course and the lower course.

1

Label the illustration with these words. upper course

middle course

lower course

2

Complete the sentences. river bed

flow

course

The

is the ground over which a river flows.

The

is the journey from the source to the mouth.

The

is the volume of water in a river.


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

37

37 11/03/11

12:24

30

Villages

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Villages have a small population. The houses in villages are low, and the streets are short and narrow. There are villages in the mountains, on the plains and on the coast.

1

Write mountain, plain or coast.

2

Read and tick the correct place. Mountain villages

Villages on the plains

Coastal villages

The houses have sloped roofs so the snow falls off. Many villagers work in hotels and restaurants. Some are fishermen. Many villagers take care of forests. The streets are steep and narrow. The streets are straight. Many villagers work on farms.

38 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


38

11/03/11

12:24

31

Cities

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Cities have a large population. Many buildings are tall. The streets are long and wide. Cities have three main parts: the historic centre, the modern district and the suburbs.

1

Read and tick the correct place. City

Village

The population is small. The streets are wide and long. The population is large. The streets are short and generally lead to the main square. 2

Tick the correct answer. The historic centre: The streets are narrow. There are historic monuments. The streets are wide. There are tall buildings. The modern district: The streets are narrow and the buildings are not very tall. This area often surrounds the city centre. The suburbs: These are residential areas away from the centre. This is usually the oldest part of the city.

3

Is this the historic centre or the modern district? Explain. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

39

39 11/03/11

12:24

32

Crop farming

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Crop farmers grow plants for food. Dry farming is a method of growing crops in dry areas. Dry crops do not need a lot of water to grow. Irrigation means watering plants with water from rivers or lakes. Some crops which need irrigation are vegetables, fruit, rice and corn.

1

Write dry farming or irrigation.

2

Complete the chart. irrigation

vegetables, fruit and corn

olive trees, wheat and oats

Crop farming can be dry farming

for example

40 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

for example


40

11/03/11

12:24

33

Stockbreeding and fishing

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Stockbreeders breed livestock for their meat, milk, eggs and skins. Livestock includes cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry. There are two types of stockbreeding: intensive farming and free-range farming. Fishermen catch fish in rivers and in the sea. There are two types of sea fishing: coastal fishing and deep-sea fishing.

1

Circle the correct words. Catching fish and shellfish in rivers and the sea.

fishing

stockbreeding

Places where farmers breed fish and shellfish.

barns

fish farms

Farmers breed animals for their meat, milk, eggs and skin.

stockbreeding

crop farming

Stockbreeding where animals live in pens and barns.

intensive farming

free-range farming

coastal fishing

deep-sea fishing

Fishing in the sea with big boats. 2

Look at the illustrations. Answer the questions.

What are the two types of sea fishing? Describe them. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

41

41 11/03/11

12:24

34

Services

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember The people who work in services do not make objects or products. They help people by providing a service. Services can be public or private.

1

Which people work in services? Circle them.

2

Circle the correct words. Ann is a bus driver. She works for the city government. She works in farming / services. Police services are private / public services. Transport services / Communications services move passengers and merchandise from one place to another.

3

Complete the chart with these words. nurse musician headmaster actor teacher reporter doctor radio announcer

Type of service educational

42 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

health

communications

cultural


42

11/03/11

12:24

35

Trade

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Trade is the buying and selling of products. Producers make products. Consumers buy the products. Traders are the intermediaries between producers and consumers. There are two types of traders: wholesalers and retailers.

1

Answer. What is trade? Name the three divisions of trade: What types of traders are there? What forms of payment are there?

2

Complete the chart with these words. A wholesaler

A producer

A consumer

A retailer

Trade

makes the product and sells it to the wholesaler.

buys the product from the producer and sells it to the retailer.

buys the product from the wholesaler and sells it to the consumer.


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

43

buys the product from the retailer.

43 11/03/11

12:24

36

Transport and communications

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Means of transport move people and merchandise from one place to another. They can be public or private. Means of communication allow us to send information from one place to another. They are two types: personal and the media.

1

Read, then write the means of transport.

Private transport: they travel on roads and motorways. Public transport: they travel on railway tracks. Public transport: they travel along flight paths. They take off from airports. Public transport: they travel along sea routes. They leave from seaports. 2

Match and write two sentences. We use individual communication,

to send information to a few people.

to send information to many people at the same time.

for example, telephones, letters, faxes and e-mail,

for example, newspapers, television, radio and the Internet,

We use the media,

44 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


44

11/03/11

12:24

37

Local government

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember The mayor and the local councillors make up the local council. Local councils meet in town halls. They organise the municipal services which everyone needs. Every four years citizens elect local councillors.

1

Circle the correct words. Then, copy the sentences. Local councils / citizens organise the municipal services which everyone needs. Citizens / Mayors elect the local councillors. The mayor / local councillor is the head of the local council.

2

Explain how a mayor is elected. Every four years, citizens elect local councillors. mayor

The candidates

local councillors

After the elections, the new local councillors citizens


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

45

45 11/03/11

12:24

38

Municipal services

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Local councils organise the municipal services which everyone needs. Municipal services include food hygiene inspection services, police and fire services, sanitation services, town planning and highway services and cultural and recreational services.

1

Answer. What are municipal services? What types of municipal services are there?

2

Circle three problems this town has.

◾ Tick the correct answer. The municipal service responsible for public libraries and museums: highway services.

cultural services.

The municipal service responsible for collecting rubbish: sanitation services.

cultural services.

The municipal service responsible for painting zebra crossings: highway services.

46 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

fire services. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

46

11/03/11

12:24

39

The passing of time

Reinforcement

Name

Date

Remember Time is divided into past, present and future. We measure short periods of time in days, weeks, months and years. We measure long periods of time in decades, centuries and millenniums. Historical records give us information about the past. They can be written, pictorial or physical.

1

Write three things about your past.

One week ago

One month ago

One year ago

2

Match and write. pictorial

A

written

physical

B

C


189703 _ 0008-0048.indd

47

47 11/03/11

12:24

40

The past and present of cities and villages

Name

Reinforcement

Date

Remember Cities and villages change with time. You can find out about the past by visiting historic remains and monuments or looking at historical records, such as old photographs.

1

Use the key and circle the illustrations. red

thousands of years ago

blue

hundreds of years ago

green nowadays

Where people lived.

How people travelled.

48 189703 _ 0008-0048.indd


48

11/03/11

12:24

Extension worksheets 1 Our skeleton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 2 Our sight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3 Get moving! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4 How animals protect themselves from the cold . 56 5 Head-foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 6 The wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 7 Flat or round? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 8 How does drinking water get to our homes? . . 64 9 Weather maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 10 Iceland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 11 Villages and cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 12 Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 13 World Heritage Cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 14 Town halls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 15 Art museums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 ANSWER KEYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 49

11/03/11 12:26

1

Our skeleton

Name

EXTENSION

Date

All vertebrate animals have a skeleton. The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones. Bones have many important functions: They give the body shape. They support the body’s muscles. They support the weight of the body. They protect the vital organs. For example, the skull protects the brain. The ribs protect the heart and lungs. The spinal column protects the spinal cord. 1

Label the skeleton with these words. femur

maxilla

humerus

clavicle

sternum

tibia

nasal bone spinal column skull

radius

pelvis ulna

ribs

knee cap

fibula

50 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 50


11/03/11 12:26

1 2

Classify the bones. skull

sternum

pelvis

knee cap

clavicle

tibia

nasal bone

radius

maxilla

Trunk

Limbs

Head

8

3

Complete the text. Our skeleton is made up of 206

. Bones have many

important functions. The skeleton supports our

and gives it shape.

The

protect the heart and lungs.

The

protects the brain.

The

protects the spinal cord.

Bones have different shapes and sizes. The longest bone is the

.

The smallest bones are the the

and the

, .

They are located in the ear. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 51

51 11/03/11 12:26

2

Our sight

Name

EXTENSION

Date

We can see because our brain interprets the information it receives from our eyes. First, the eyes capture an image from the outside world. Then, the eyes convert this information into nerve impulses. Nerve impulses are small electric currents than run through our nerves. After that, the nerves carry this information to the brain. Finally, the brain receives and interprets this information. This is how we see. Sometimes the brain interprets the information it receives from the eyes in a different way. This produces an optical illusion: we see something differently from reality. An optical illusion is not real. 1

Number the illustrations in order.

Explain in your own words how the sense of sight works.

52 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 52


11/03/11 12:26

2 2

Look at the illustrations and choose the correct answer. A

A

B

B

3

Which line appears longer?

A

B

Which black circle appears bigger?

A

B

Look closely at these optical illusions. Then, describe each one.

4

Look at the drawing. Very slowly, move the paper closer to your face until it touches your nose. Where is the candle? On the left or right side of the line?


189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 53

53 11/03/11 12:26

3

Get moving!

EXTENSION

Name

Date

Some animals stay in one place all their lives. They do not move. For example, sponges and barnacles live attached to rocks. However, most animals can move around, and they do it in different ways. Birds, bats and insects fly.

Lizards and crocodiles crawl.

Fish, whales and sea turtles swim.

Humans, ostriches and mice walk.

Snakes slither. Animals move at different speeds. Walking at a normal pace, human beings usually walk five or six kilometres per hour. Some animals can travel in one hour a distance that takes other animals a whole year! Here are some examples: ANIMALS

SPEED

1

on land

in the air

in water

The slowest

Sloths move at 12 metres per hour.

Small flies move at 35 metres per hour.

Perches swim at 2.10 kilometres per hour.

The fastest

Cheetahs can run at 100 kilometres per hour.

Falcons can fly at 300 kilometres per hour.

Sailfish can swim at 110 kilometres per hour.

Match. A

B

It flies. C

54 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 54

It swims.

It walks. D


22/03/11 14:15

3 2

Draw these animals. An owl

A kangaroo

A snake

Write how each one moves. 3

Answer the questions. All living things carry out life processes. Which life process is related to movement? Explain. What living things cannot move? How do they carry out the life process of sensitivity?

4

Identify two living things that you can find in your school playground or garden. Explain how they carry out the life function of sensitivity. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 55

55 22/03/11 14:15

4

How animals protect themselves from the cold

Name

EXTENSION

Date

During the winter, the days get shorter and the temperatures drop. So, animals need to protect themselves from the cold. Some animals, such as rabbits, dogs, cats and polar bears, grow thicker fur to keep them warm. Some animals hibernate. This means they sleep during the coldest months of the year. For example, squirrels, bears, turtles, bats and frogs hibernate and sleep all winter. Some animals migrate. This means they travel long distances to find warmer climates. For example, storks, antelopes, whales, swallows and ducks migrate.

1

Write a definition for these words. Hibernate Migrate

2

Use the key and circle the illustrations. blue

56 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 56

migrate

red

hibernate


11/03/11 12:26

4 3

Write three characteristics for each animal.

What characteristic do these animals have in common? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 57

57 11/03/11 12:26

5

Head-foot

Name

EXTENSION

Date

Cephalopods are animals such as squids, octopuses and cuttlefish. These sea creatures are unusual because their feet, which are actually long tentacles, surround their mouth and are attached to their heads. Cephalopod means head-foot. Did you know that the octopus is one of the most intelligent of all the invertebrates in the marine world? Octopuses also have excellent eyesight, although they cannot hear. An octopus’s soft body looks like a large bag. It lives on the ocean floor, and its eight tentacles help it to move about and catch food. An octopus moves by jet propulsion: it sucks water in then squirts it out of its head so fast that it moves through the water! Octopuses protect themselves in two ways. They squirt dark ink which blinds their enemies and gives them time to escape. They also change the colour of their skin so that they blend in with their surroundings. This helps them hide from their enemies. 1

Answer the questions. What does cephalopod mean? Are cephalopods vertebrates or invertebrates? Explain. Are all marine animals invertebrates? Explain. Name three other animals that can swim.

58 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 58


11/03/11 12:26

5 2

Write T (true) or F (false). Octopuses are one of the most intelligent invertebrates in the marine world. Octopuses are blind. Octopuses move using their fins. Octopuses can change the colour of their skin for protection.

3

Classify these invertebrate animals. bee

clam

worm

jellyfish

squid

caterpillar

dragonfly

moth

scorpion

Invertebrate animals air

water

land

8

4

Complete the chart with information about four invertebrate animals. Animal

How it moves

Where it lives

8


189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 59

59 11/03/11 12:26

6

The wheel

EXTENSION

Name

Date

The wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time. It changed our means of transport forever. The wheel is a simple machine that was invented over 5,000 years ago. It consists of a disk that turns on an axle. The first wheels were simple disks made of solid wood. Wheels with spokes were invented over 1,000 years later. Later, wheels were made of metal. This allowed heavy objects to be moved from one place to another. After that, metal wheels were covered with rubber and cork. These wheels are still used today because they are so light and resilient.

1

Circle the illustration of the most ancient wheel. A

B

C

D

Why do you think this is the oldest wheel? 2

Think about life before the invention of the wheel. How do you think people moved heavy objects?

60 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 60


11/03/11 12:26

6 3

Circle five means of transport that use wheels. R

B

I

C

Y

C

L

E

W

U

P

A

R

F

T

A

S

Y

U

R

O

D

G

W

C

L

E

Q

K

I

I

L

G

O

L

V

G

B

U

S

S

R

B

X

V

I

J

Q

T

R

A

I

N

H

M

L

F

Y

R

J

N

K

T

P

Name a means of transport that does not use wheels. Explain how it moves. 4

What means of transport do these wheels belong to? Write. A

C

B

D

E


189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 61

61 22/03/11 14:15

7

Flat or round?

Name

EXTENSION

Date

Today, everybody knows the Earth is round. However, hundreds of years ago, people believed the Earth was flat. When we look at the horizon, from where we are the Earth seems flat. When we look up at the Sun, the stars and the planets, they seem to orbit the Earth. People believed this was true for a long, long time. In the 16th century, two navigators from Portugal and Spain wanted to prove that the world was not flat. So, they sailed around the world. This is how Hernando Magallanes and Juan Sebastián Elcano proved that the Earth is round.

1

Tick the true sentence. The Earth is flat. The Sun, the stars and the planets orbit the Earth. Navigators from the 16th century proved that the Earth is round. It is impossible to know the shape of the Earth.

2

Imagine you are in outer space. What does the Earth look like? Describe its shape. Describe the colour of the continents and oceans.

62 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 62


11/03/11 12:26

7 3

Imagine that the Earth is flat. Could we travel around the world by boat? What would happen?

4

5

Read the definition and write the correct word. Then, circle the same words in the wordsearch. The natural satellite of the Earth.

The movement of the Earth on its axis.

The movement of the Earth around the Sun.

Life on Earth is possible thanks to this star.

The third planet from the Sun in the Solar System.

The layer of air that surrounds the Earth.

The largest planet in the Solar System.

Q

A

H

A

E

M

O

O

N

Z

H

T

K

X

S

F

W

P

H

T

P

M

M

S

U

N

V

M

T

R

J

O

N

P

W

F

V

N

Y

O

U

S

B

G

M

A

E

A

M

T

P

P

X

Y

K

Y

A

P

R

A

I

H

S

U

I

B

R

U

N

T

T

E

W

R

A

N

T

G

A

I

E

R

E

C

S

H

H

A

L

O

R

E

V

O

L

U

T

I

O

N

Write the names of the eight planets in our Solar System. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 63

63 22/03/11 14:15

8

How does drinking water get to our homes?

Name

EXTENSION

Date

River water collects in reservoirs. This water is not clean and it is not safe to drink. First, this water goes to treatment plants through pipes. Here it is cleaned of impurities. Once it is safe to drink, this water is distributed to homes through pipes. Used water from our homes is collected through a network of sewers. Then it flows to treatment plants to be cleaned of impurities again. Finally, the treated water goes back into rivers. Sometimes, it is recycled and used for watering parks and gardens. 1

Answer the questions. Where is river water collected? Where is water cleaned? How is water distributed to our homes? What happens to water after we use it in our homes?

2

What is drinking water?

64 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 64


11/03/11 12:26

8 3

Use the key and circle the water pipes. Answer the question. red

pipes carrying clean water

blue

pipes carrying used water

Which rooms have taps? 4

All living things need water, but water is scarce. What can we do to save water? Write three ideas. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 65

65 11/03/11 12:26

9

Weather maps

EXTENSION

Name

Date

Weather maps use different symbols to represent weather conditions. These maps show us what the weather will be like in different places. The key below explains the meaning of each symbol. means it will be sunny.

For example, the symbol

means it will be both sunny and cloudy.

The symbol

1

Look at the maps and answer the questions. 6th August

sunny and cloudy

6th January

sunny

windy

rainy

cloudy

foggy

snowy

What day did it rain most? What day did it snow? What day was it sunnier? What day was it hotter?

How do you know?

66 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 66


11/03/11 12:26

9 2

Look at the maps. Read what each person says and draw the correct weather symbols. sunny

foggy

rainy

snowy

windy

stormy

N W E S

Today, it will be snowy in the North. It will be sunny in the West. It will be foggy in the South. It will be rainy in the East.

N W E S

3

Tomorrow, it will be stormy in the North. It will be windy in the East. It will be foggy in the West. It will be sunny in the South.

What was the weather like yesterday where you live? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 67

67 11/03/11 12:26

10

Iceland

EXTENSION

Name

Date

In the North of Europe, there is a large island called Iceland. The Vikings lived in this country hundreds of years ago. Iceland gets its name because it has a lot of glaciers. Iceland is a volcanic island. There are over 30 active volcanoes on it. It also has many glaciers, hot water springs and geysers. Geysers look like fountains of hot water. They are really underground springs of hot water that shoot jets of water and steam high into the air.

Iceland

The landscape of Iceland is amazing. Astronauts say that it looks like the Moon’s landscape because it has so many craters, lava deserts and plains covered with volcanic ash. Iceland also has magnificent rivers, waterfalls and fields covered with green moss. You cannot find those on the Moon! Fishing is the most important industry in Iceland. Farming is difficult because the land is not very fertile and the climate is also very cold. 1

Spain

Answer the questions. How did Iceland get its name? Look at the map. Where is Iceland? What are geysers? Describe the landscape of Iceland. Explain why agriculture is not an important industry in Iceland.

68 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 68


11/03/11 12:26

10 2

Compare the landscape of Iceland and the Moon. Similarities

Differences

3

4

Look at the wordsearch. Circle three Balearic Islands and three Canary Islands. L

A

N

Z

A

R

O

T

E

A

F

Q

W

P

X

S

E

M

G

V

I

B

I

Z

A

N

V

O

C

T

Q

B

S

L

E

N

M

E

N

O

R

C

A

R

S

E

G

H

K

O

P

S

I

R

R

A

R

E

V

I

S

F

U

A

F

O

X

O

R

O

E

L

M

A

L

L

O

R

C

A

X

Balearic Islands

Canary Islands

Menorca

Mallorca

Ibiza

Lanzarote La Palma Tenerife

Cabrera

La Gomera El Hierro

Fuerteventura Gran Canaria

Formentera

Cross out the word that does not belong. Explain why. cape gulf moor The odd one out is

peninsula

because

slope foot summit bay The odd one out is

because


189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 69

69 11/03/11 12:26

11

Villages and cities

EXTENSION

Name

Date

Many towns and villages in Spain are thousands of years old. However, they have grown in different ways. Some developed rapidly and became rich. Thousands of people from different places moved there to find jobs. As a result, these villages grew into cities with tall buildings, wide streets and industries and services. Other villages have not grown. In fact, some villages are almost empty now. The villagers have moved away to cities in search of better opportunities.

1

Answer the questions. Why does the population of a place grow? Imagine you want to move from a village to a big city. Give three reasons why.

2

Colour the services you can find in your town or village. car park university

70 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 70

hospital park

school library

cinema museum


11/03/11 12:26

11 3

Look at the map. Write the letter and number for the location of the places.

A

B

C library

stadium

town hall

cathedral

university

railway station

D

1

4

5

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

university

town hall

railway station

library

9

Look at the map. Use the key and colour the routes. red

from the library to the town hall

blue

from the station to the stadium

green

from the university to town hall

Draw two more services on the map. Write the names and coordinates.


189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 71

71 11/03/11 12:26

12

Potatoes

Name

EXTENSION

Date

Potatoes are one of the most popular foods in the world. You can eat them fried, boiled or baked, and they’re always delicious. But this popular vegetable was unknown in Europe 600 years ago. Potatoes originally come from South America. Spanish explorers brought the first potato plants back with them to Spain. If you want to grow potatoes, you need to follow these steps carefully. Prepare the soil. Clear out stones and weeds in late winter. Fertilise. Add compost or fertiliser to the soil in early spring. This helps the plants to grow bigger. Plough. Dig and turn the soil in early spring. Plant. Plant the seeds in the soil in spring. Harvest. Your potatoes will be ready to eat in the summer. Dig them up with a fork.

1

Tick the correct answer. Potatoes are originally from: Spain. Europe. America. Plant potato seeds in: spring. winter. autumn. Harvest potatoes in: winter. spring. summer.

72 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 72


11/03/11 12:26

12 2

Look at the illustration. Where do potatoes grow? Are potatoes roots, leaves or stem tubers?

3

Look at the pictures. Write the words. Put the pictures in order. prepare the soil

fertilise

plant

harvest

FERTILISER

4

Six hundred years ago, nobody ate potatoes in Europe. Explain. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 73

73 11/03/11 12:26

13

World Heritage Cities

EXTENSION

Name

Date

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) is an agency of the United Nations. Its purpose is to help promote peace and security in the world through the promotion of education, science, and culture. UNESCO chooses which cities receive the title of World Heritage Cities. These cities are places of special significance that need to be preserved for future generations. In Spain, 13 cities have received this title. World Heritage Cities in Spain LITY INCIPA RIA QUE THE PR TURIAS Y TAB BAS RY N NIT E OF AS A TH UNT C MU RE Santiago O M C R O E C VA de TH F NA O Compostela RIOJA CASTILE-LEON GALICIA

ARAGON Segovia

Salamanca

Alcala de Henares Avila THE COMMUNITY OF MADRID Cuenca Toledo

Caceres Merida

CATALONIA Tarragona

THE COMMUNITY OF VALENCIA

THE BALEARIC ISLANDS

CASTILE-LA MANCHA

Ibiza

EXTREMADURA THE REGION OF MURCIA

Cordoba ANDALUSIA

THE CANARY ISLANDS San Cristobal de la Laguna

1

Ceuta Melilla

Key

• World Heritage Cities in Spain.

Look at the map and the key. Write the names of the World Heritage Cities in Spain.

74 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 74


11/03/11 12:26

13 2

Choose a World Heritage City in Spain. Imagine you would like to visit it. Complete the information. Name of city Autonomous Community How would you like to travel there? Tick. car

ship

train

aeroplane

Where will you look for information about this city? Tick two options. Internet

television

travel guides

encyclopaedias

Where will you stay? Tick one. hotel

camp site

apartment

What would you like to visit? Tick two options.

3

museums

monuments

amusement parks

zoo

Why did you choose this city?

4

Is tourism a service? Explain. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 75

75 11/03/11 12:26

14

Town halls

EXTENSION

Name

Date

All Spanish towns and villages have a town hall. The town hall is responsible for organising services, such as schools, hospitals, the police, firefighting and rubbish collection. The mayor is the head of the local council. The mayor represents the people and coordinates the work of the local council.

or

ncill

Cou

Councillor Mayor

Cou

ncill

or

Local elections are held every four years. Citizens vote from a list of candidates to elect their local councillors. They vote in a polling station. There are two requirements to vote in local elections. 1. Voters must be registered. 2. Voters must be 18 years old or over.

1

Answer the questions. What do town halls organise? How often are local elections held? What are the two requirements to vote?

2

Why do you think is it important for voters to be registered?

76 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 76


11/03/11 12:26

14 3

Look at these illustrations about local elections. election campaign

voting

counting votes

Match. ballot box ballot polling place candidate

4

Person running for election. Piece of paper with the names of all the candidates. Transparent box where citizens put their ballots. Place where citizens go to vote.

Read and answer the questions. Why are ballot boxes transparent? Citizens vote in private. Why is this important? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 77

77 11/03/11 12:26

15

Art museums

Name

EXTENSION

Date

Art museums display paintings and sculptures. Most famous art museums are located in big cities. The Prado Museum is in Madrid. The Louvre Museum is in Paris. The Tate Gallery is in London. The Museum of Modern Art is in New York. Art museums look after their paintings carefully because they are of great historical and cultural interest. Many paintings are hundreds of years old. Many people work in art museums: The director runs the art museum and is in charge of all the employees. Art restorers repair damaged paintings so that they are in perfect condition. Security guards protect the paintings which are displayed in the museum.

1

Answer the questions. What is an art museum? Why do art museums look after their paintings? What does an art restorer do? What does a security guard do in an art museum? Think of an art museum you have visited. What is its name? What type of paintings did you see?

78 189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 78


11/03/11 12:26

15 2

Look at the illustration. Read the text.

The Guggenheim Museum

The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao is one of the most unique museums in the world. In fact, the building is as beautiful as the art inside! It was designed by the architect Frank O. Gehry and opened in October, 1997. The museum has a very imaginative shape: the walls are not straight, they twist and curve. The building is made of three main materials: titanium, limestone and glass. The Guggenheim exhibits paintings, sculptures, photographs and clothes, as well as other unusual types of art. One year, they even had an exhibition of motorcycles. Now, find information about a museum near where you live, and fill in the information card. Name of museum: Place: Opening date: Architect: Exhibits:


189703 _ 0049-0079.indd 79

79 11/03/11 12:26

Answer key

Reinforcement

1 YOUR BODY

6 SMELL, TASTE AND TOUCH

1. Label the body parts. head, trunk, limbs. 2. Look at the diagram and write examples. • An organ inside your head: brain • An organ inside your trunk: lung, heart or stomach • A lower limb: leg

1. Complete the chart.

2 BONES, MUSCLES AND JOINTS 1. Use the key and colour the diagram. bones: yellow, muscles: red 2. Complete the sentences. • Bones form the skeleton. • Bones join together at joints. • Muscles help the bones to move. They are flexible organs which are attached to the bones. 3. Write the names of the joints. A. wrist D. knee B. shoulder E. ankle C. elbow 3 YOU GROW AND CHANGE 1. Match. adolescence: figure 2, old age: figure 4 childhood: figure 1, adulthood: figure 3 • Now, write the stages of life in order. 1st childhood, 2nd adolescence, 3rd adulthood, 4th old age. 2. Read and circle the correct description. childhood: Milk teeth fall out, and permanent teeth grow. adolescence: Your body prepares to become an adult. adulthood: We can have children. old age: Our bones become fragile. Our muscles are weaker. 4 SIGHT 1. Label the parts of the eye. Clockwise beginning at top: eyelashes, eyelid, pupil, iris, cornea. 2. Complete the sentences. • First, light passes through the cornea. It is transparent. • Then, light passes through the pupil, the hole in the centre of the iris. • The iris is the coloured ring that controls the level of light. • The lens helps the eye to focus. • Finally, the retina captures light from an object. • Information is sent to the brain through the optic nerve. 5 HEARING 1. Colour the words related to hearing. Colour inner ear, pinna, sound, vibration, middle ear. 2. Label the parts of the ear. Left top to bottom: pinna, small bones. Right top to bottom: cochlea, ear drum. 3. Match. The ear drum vibrates when sound reaches it. The cochlea receives the sound vibrations. The small bones make the sound louder. The auditory nerve sends the information to the brain.

80 189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

The sense organ is… It allows you to capture or identify…

Smell inside your nose.

Taste the tongue.

smells.

flavours.

Touch the skin. sensations.

2. Match the three columns. taste buds tongue captures flavours of food nasal lining nose captures odours sense organ of touch skin distinguishes hot or cold 3. Circle the senses that you use to identify these objects. Tomato: sight, smell, taste, touch. Ball: sight, touch. Radiator: sight, touch. 7 NUTRITION 1. Colour the correct word. Then write the sentence. Nutrition provides your body with energy and nutrients. 2. Look at the diagram about nutrition in plants. Then, answer. • What do plants need to produce their own food? Plants need light, carbon dioxide, water and mineral salts. • How do plants take in water and mineral salts? Through their roots. • How do plants take in carbon dioxide? Through their leaves. 3. Match. Carnivores eat other animals. Herbivores eat plants. Omnivores eat other animals and plants. 8 SENSITIVITY 1. Write yes or no. Do they have sense organs? Can they move? Do they have sensitivity?

Animals yes yes yes

Plants no no yes

2. Complete the chart. People and animals respond to their environment. They use sense organs which are eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin. They use muscles. They use the nervous system. The most important part is the brain. 9 REPRODUCTION 1. Complete the sentences. Most plants have sexual reproduction. This takes place in the flowers, which have a male and a female part. Other plants have asexual reproduction, without flowers or seeds. These plants can grow from cuttings. 2. Are these oviparous or viviparous animals? viviparous oviparous


80

11/03/11

12:27

Answer key Reinforcement 3. Are these examples of sensitivity or reproduction? A. reproduction B. sensitivity C. sensitivity

2. Complete the information cards.

10 MAMMALS 1. Circle eight words in the wordsearch. Then, complete the text. V

E

R

T

E

B

R

A

T

E

I

S

W

R

Y

T

Z

W

L

K

V

Y

L

E

G

S

C

K

X

J

I

R

S

D

H

Z

H

Q

J

N

P

N

M

F

M

V

L

G

R

W

A

P

H

A

I

R

P

M

Z

I

R

W

Y

L

L

C

N

F

M

N

O

V

D

K

K

Q

F

I

D

G

U

R

X

V

Q

L

U

N

G

S

S

K

T

J

H

B

G

S

F

X

Mammals Mammals are vertebrate animals because they have a skeleton made up of bones. They breathe through lungs. Their skin is usually covered with fur or hair. They are viviparous because they are born from their mother’s womb. Baby mammals drink their mother’s milk. Most mammals live on land and use their legs to move around. Marine mammals, like dolphins or whales, live in the ocean. They swim using their fins. Flying mammals use their wings to fly. 11 REPTILES AND BIRDS 1. Complete the chart.

• Group: fish • Breathing: through their gills • Body covering: scales • Movement: they swim • Reproduction: oviparous

• Group: amphibians • Breathing: through lungs and their skin • Body covering: bare skin • Movement: they hop • Reproduction: oviparous

13 INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS 1. What do all invertebrates have in common? They haven’t got a backbone. 2. Circle the correct word. Then write the sentences. • Jellyfish have tentacles. Their bodies look like jelly. • Worms have soft bodies. They are long and thin. • All molluscs have soft bodies. They usually have shells. • Spiders have eight legs. 3. How many invertebrate animals can you think of? Write their names. Model answer. (M.A.) flies, ants, worms, clams, mussels, oysters, jellyfish, snails and spiders. 14 INSECTS 1. Label the parts of the insect. Left top to bottom: antenna, leg, abdomen. Right top to bottom: head, thorax, wing. 2. Answer. • What are the three main parts of an insect’s body? The head, the thorax and the abdomen. • How many legs do insects have? Six. • How many wings do insects have? Four. • How are insects born? They are born from eggs. 15 MACHINES

They breathe through…

They have skin covered with…

They move around using their…

Reptiles

lungs

scales

legs

an egg

Birds

lungs

feathers

wings and legs

an egg

The offspring hatches from…

1. How do machines function? Use the key and circle. Red: stereo, the fan, the computer Blue: the stapler, the pencil sharpener, the scissors 2. Choose two machines from Activity 1. Explain what they are used for. • M.A. We use computers for making our work easier, for processing information and for communicating. • M.A. We use scissors for cutting paper and other things.

2. Answer the questions. • Birds are vertebrates because they have a skeleton made up of bones. • Birds’ legs are covered with scales. • Reptiles are oviparous because the offspring grows in an egg outside the mother. • Birds incubate their eggs, and they feed and take care of their babies.

16 SIMPLE AND COMPOUND MACHINES

12 FISH AND AMPHIBIANS

17 THE EARTH, THE SUN AND THE MOON

1. Where do fish and amphibians live? fish: They live in water. amphibians: When they are born, they live in water. When they are adults, they live on land.

1. Write the names. Left: the Sun; Right top to bottom: Earth, Moon. 2. Look at the illustrations. Write planet, star or satellite. star, satellite, planet

1. Complete the chart. simple have few parts. Types of machines compound have many parts. 2. Use the key and circle the machines. Red: shovel, hammer, cork screw Blue: drill, mobile phone, clock, bicycle


189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

81

81 22/03/11

14:15

Answer key Reinforcement 3. Use the key and colour. LB= light blue; DB= dark blue; B= brown light blue: the atmosphere dark blue: the oceans brown: the continents

2. Look at Activity 1. Where can you find water in a liquid state? Where can you find water in a solid state? water in a liquid state: river, lake, sea, aquifer. water in a solid state: snow.

B DB B

B

DB

22 THE WATER CYCLE LB

18 THE EARTH AND THE MOON MOVE 1. Write rotation or revolution. revolution, rotation 2. Match. A. new moon, B. waxing moon, C. waning moon, D. full moon 3. Match. The rotation of the Earth causes day and night. One complete rotation of the Earth takes 24 hours. Earth revolution causes the seasons. One Earth revolution takes 365 days. 19 MAPS AND GLOBES 1. Match. North Pole South Pole Equator Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere 2. Write the names of the oceans and continents. America, Asia, Africa, Antarctica, Europe, Oceania. Atlantic, Arctic, Antarctic, Indian, Pacific. 20 THE DIFFERENT STATES OF WATER 1. Complete the sentences. • Water vapour is water in a gaseous state. • Snow is water in a solid state. • River water is water is a liquid state. 2. Match. Illustrations top to bottom: freezing, melting, evaporation 3. Complete the sentences. • To make water vapour, you heat water. • To make ice, you freeze water. • To make liquid water from ice, you melt ice. 21 WATER IN NATURE 1. Find all the places with water. Colour them blue.

lake aquifer

• Now label the illustration with these words. centre: snow; left: sea; right top to bottom: river, lake, aquifer.

82 189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

23 AIR 1. Circle the things that need air to live or function. Circle chicken, baby, balloon, plant. 2. Match. tire: Air occupies space. Air has no shape. scales: Air has weight. Air has no shape. 3. Write T (true) or F (false). F Air is a liquid. F We can hear better without air. T The lower part of the atmosphere contains the air we breathe. T Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in air. 24 WEATHER AND CLIMATE 1. Match. • Water that falls to the Earth as a liquid. rain • Water that falls to the Earth as small pieces of ice. hail • A very light wind. breeze • An extremely strong wind with rain. hurricane 2. Circle the correct words. • Mountain climates have low temperatures. It snows a lot in winter. • Coastal climates have mild temperatures all year round. • Continental climates have low temperatures in winter and high temperatures in summer. It doesn’t rain a lot. 25 WEATHER AND THE SEASONS

river

snow

sea

1. Look at the water cycle. Number the sentences in order. Order: 4, 1, 3, 2, 5. • Now, copy the sentences in order. Water from the sea heats up and evaporates. Water vapour rises in the air. It condenses and forms clouds. The wind moves the clouds over the land. Water from the clouds falls as rain, snow or hail. Rain falls in the rivers and goes to the sea. Some rain goes into the ground as groundwater.

1. Write the seasons. Top line: autumn spring. Bottom line: winter, summer. 2. Complete the chart. Precipitation

Temperatures

Winter

It can snow.

cold temperatures

Spring

It often rains.

warm temperatures

Summer

It doesn’t rain very much.

hot temperatures

Autumn

It often rains.

mild, then colder temperatures


82

11/03/11

12:27

Answer key Reinforcement 26 MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPES 1. Label the illustration with these words. summit

slope

mountain

foot

2. Read and tick the correct place. Mountain villages: The houses have sloped roofs so the snow falls off. Many villagers take care of forests. The streets are steep and narrow. Villages on the plains: The streets are straight. Many villagers work on farms. Coastal villages: Many villagers work in hotels and restaurants. Some are fishermen. 31 CITIES

valley 2. Complete the sentences. • Mountain landscapes consist of mountains and valleys. • Valleys are areas of flat land between mountains. • The summit is the highest part of a mountain. 27 FLAT LAND 1. Tick the true sentences. Then, answer the question. True sentences: There is a train. There are farms. There is a river. There is a city. • Is this a mountain landscape or flat land? Explain. M.A. This is flat land. There are no mountains. 2. What can you see in each landscape? Circle A or B. • Mountain landscape A • Valley A • Flat land B • Crops B • Summit A • Flood plain B 28 COASTAL LANDSCAPES 1. Label the illustration with these words. Clockwise beginning at the top: beach, bay, cape, island, cliff. 2. Match. island An area of land completely surrounded by water. cape A large piece of land that sticks out into the sea. bay A small gulf. peninsula A narrow piece of land surrounded by water on three sides. 29 RIVERS 1. Label the illustration with these words. Left top to bottom: upper course, lower course; right: middle course. 2. Complete the sentences. • The river bed is the ground over which a river flows. • The course is the journey from the source to the mouth. • The flow is the volume of water in a river. 30 VILLAGES 1. Write mountain, plain or coast. coast, mountain, plain

1. Read and tick the correct place. City: The population is large. The streets are wide and long. Village: The population is small. The streets are short and generally lead to the main square. 2. Tick the correct answer. • The historic centre: The streets are narrow. There are historic monuments. • The modern district: This area often surrounds the city centre. • The suburbs: These are residential areas away from the centre. 3. Is this the historic centre or the modern district? Explain. M.A. It is the modern district. There are many tall buildings. Many people can live here. They can work in industry or services. 32 CROP FARMING 1. Write dry farming or irrigation. irrigation, dry farming 2. Complete the chart. Crop farming can be – dry farming – for example– olive trees, wheat and oats. Crop farming can be – irrigation – for example– vegetables, fruit and corn. 33 STOCKBREEDING AND FISHING 1. Circle the correct words. • Catching fish and shellfish in rivers and the sea: fishing. • Places where farmers breed fish and shellfish: fish farms. • Farmers breed animals for their meat, milk, eggs and skin: stockbreeding. • Stockbreeding where animals live in pens and barns: intensive farming. • Fishing in the sea with big boats: deep-sea fishing. 2. Look at the illustrations. Answer the questions. • What are the two types of sea fishing? The two types are coastal fishing and deep-sea fishing. • Describe them. Coastal fishing: the fishermen fish near the coast. They go out in small fishing boats. Deep-sea fishing: the fishermen fish a long way from the coast. They go out in big boats with modern machines.


189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

83

83 11/03/11

12:27

Answer key Reinforcement 34 SERVICES

37 LOCAL GOVERNMENT

1. Which people work in services? Circle them. Circle the teacher, the doctor, the firefighter and the musician. 2. Circle the correct words. • Ann is a bus driver. She works for the city government. She works in services. • Police services are public services. • Transport services move passengers and merchandise from one place to another.

1. Circle the correct words. Then, copy the sentences. • Local councils organise the municipal services which everyone needs. • Citizens elect the local councillors. • The mayor is the head of the local council.

3. Complete the chart with these words. educational services: headmaster, teacher. health services: nurse, doctor. communications services: reporter, radio announcer. cultural services: musician, actor. 35 TRADE 1. Answer. • What is trade? Trade is the buying and selling of products. • Name the three divisions of trade: producers, traders and consumers. • What types of traders are there? There are two types: wholesalers and retailers. • What forms of payment are there? Cash and credit card. 2. Complete the chart with these words Trade producer

wholesaler

retailer

consumer

makes the product and sells it to the wholesaler.

buys the product from the producer and sells it to the retailer.

buys the product from the wholesaler and sells it to the consumer.

buys the product from the retailer.

36 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS 1. Read, then write the means of transport. • Private transport: they travel on roads and motorways. cars • Public transport: they travel on railway tracks. trains • Public transport: they travel along flight paths. They take off from airports. aeroplanes • Public transport: they travel along sea routes. They leave from seaports. ships 2. Match and write two sentences. • We use individual communication, for example, telephones, letters, faxes and e-mail, to send information to a few people. • We use the media, for example, newspapers, television, radio and the Internet, to send information to many people at the same time.

84 189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

2. Explain how a mayor is elected. M.A. Every four years, citizens elect local councillors. The candidates present an election manifesto to explain what they will do if they are elected. After the elections, the new local councillors elect one of their members to be the mayor. 38 MUNICIPAL SERVICES 1. Answer. • What are public services? Public services are the services which the local council organises. • What types of public services are there? There are many types, for example, schools, hospitals, street lighting, the police, firefighting and rubbish collection. 2. Circle three problems this town has. M.A. Circle broken pavement, rubbish collection and traffic. ◾ Tick the correct answer. • The municipal service responsible for public libraries and museums: cultural services. • The municipal service responsible for collecting rubbish: sanitation services. • The municipal service responsible for painting zebra crossings: highway services. 39 THE PASSING OF TIME 1. Write three things about your past. M.A. One week ago. • I visited my cousins in London. • I went to a basketball game. One month ago • I learned how to make cookies. • I made cookies for my family. One year ago • I went on holiday to the country. • My cousin Ann was born. 2. Match and write. A. written, B. physical, C. pictorial 40 THE PAST AND PRESENT OF CITIES AND VILLAGES 1. Use the key and circle the illustrations. • Where people lived. Left to right: nowadays (green), hundreds of years ago (blue), thousands of years ago (red). • How people travelled. Left to right: hundreds of years ago (blue), thousands of years ago (red), nowadays (green).


84

11/03/11

12:27

Answer key 1 OUR SKELETON 1. Label the skeleton with these words. Left top to bottom: maxilla, clavicle, humerus, ribs, spinal column, pelvis, fibula, tibia. Right top to bottom: skull, nasal bone, sternum, ulna, radius, femur, knee cap. 2. Classify the bones. Head: skull, nasal bone, maxilla. Trunk: sternum, clavicle, pelvis. Limbs: knee cap, radius, tibia. 3. Complete the text. Our skeleton is made up of 206 bones. Bones have many important functions. The skeleton supports our body and gives it shape. The ribs protect the heart and lungs. The skull protects the brain. The spinal column protects the spinal cord. Bones have different shapes and sizes. The longest bone is the femur. The smallest bones are the hammer, the stirrup and the anvil. They are located in the ear. 2 OUR SIGHT 1. Number the illustrations in order. 3, 1, 2. • Explain in your own words how the sense of sight works. Model Answer (M.A.) The boy’s eyes capture an image of a painting. The boy’s eyes convert this information into nerve impulses. This information is sent to his brain through the optic nerve. His brain interprets this information and knows that it is a painting of flowers. 2. Look at the illustrations and choose the correct answer. • Which line appears longer? B. • Which black circle appears bigger? B. 3. Look closely at these optical illusions. Then, describe each one. M.A. I can see a vase or I can see the profiles of two people who are looking at each other. M.A. I can see an elegant young woman who is looking away. She has short hair. She is wearing a hat with a feather. Or, I can see an old woman with a big nose who is looking down. Her eyes are closed. She is wearing a scarf. 4. Look at the vertical line. Very slowly, move the paper closer to your face until it touches your nose. • Where is the candle? It’s on the left side of the line. 3 GET MOVING! 1. Match. A: It swims. B: It swims. C: It flies. D: It walks. 2. Draw these animals. Open Answers (O.A.) • Write how each one moves. M.A. An owl: It flies. A kangaroo: It hops. A snake: It slithers.

3. Answer the questions. • All living things carry out life processes. Which life process is related to movement? Why? M.A. Sensitivity is related to movement. Living things respond to their environment by moving away from danger or towards food. • What living things cannot move? How do they carry out the life process of sensitivity? M.A. Plants cannot move. They carry out sensitivity by growing towards light, and their roots grow towards water. 4. Identify two living things that you can find in your school playground or garden. Explain how they carry out the life function of sensitivity. • M.A. The plants in our garden grow towards the Sun. • M.A. The flies in our garden are almost impossible to catch. They fly away too quickly. 4 HOW ANIMALS PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM THE COLD 1. Write a definition for these words. • M.A. Hibernate means to sleep during the winter. • M.A. Migrate means to travel a long distance to a warmer climate. 2. Use the key and circle the illustrations. blue (migration): the stork, the whale. red (hibernation): the frog, the bear. 3. Write three characteristics for each animal. M.A. Bats are vertebrates. They are mammals. They are viviparous. M.A. Frogs are vertebrates. They are amphibians. They are oviparous. M.A. Tortoises are vertebrates. They are reptiles. They are oviparous. • What characteristic do these animals have in common? They all hibernate. 5 HEAD-FOOT 1. Answer the questions. • What does cephalopod mean? It means head-foot. • Are cephalopods vertebrates or invertebrates? Explain. They are invertebrates because they haven’t got a backbone. • Are all marine animals invertebrates? Explain. No. Some marine animals are fish. Fish are vertebrates. • Name three other animals that can swim. M.A. Whales, sharks and crocodiles. 2. Write T (true) or F (false). T Octopuses are one the most intelligent invertebrates in the marine world. F Octopuses are blind. F Octopuses move using their fins. T Octopuses can change the colour of their skin for protection. 3. Classify these invertebrate animals. air: bee, moth, dragonfly. water: clam, jellyfish, squid. land: caterpillar, worm, scorpion.


189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

85

EXTENSION

85 11/03/11

12:27

Answer key EXTENSION 4. Complete the chart with information about four invertebrate animals. M.A. Animal

How it moves

Where it lives

bee

it flies

in a beehive

jellyfish

it floats

in the sea

scorpion

it walks

in the desert

caterpillar

it crawls

on plants, leaves

6 THE WHEEL 1. Circle the illustration of the most ancient wheel. Circle C. • Why do you think this is the oldest wheel? M.A. I think it is the oldest wheel because it is a simple disk, made of wood. It hasn’t got spokes. 2. Think about life before the invention of the wheel. How do you think people moved heavy objects? M.A. Before the invention of the wheel, I think people used animals, for example, oxen, to pull heavy objects, and they pulled objects on sledges. 3. Circle five means of transport that use wheels. R

B

I

C

Y

C

L

E

W

U

P

A

R

F

T

A

S

Y

U

R

O

D

G

W

C

L

E

Q

K

I

I

L

G

O

L

V

G

B

U

S

S

R

B

X

V

I

J

Q

T

R

A

I

N

H

M

L

F

Y

R

J

N

K

T

P

• Name a means of transport that does not use wheels. Explain how it moves. M.A. A sailing boat does not use wheels. It moves through the water using the energy from wind. 4. What means of transport do these wheels belong to? Write. A: aeroplane, B: motorbike, C: car, D: bicycle, E: train. 7 FLAT OR ROUND? 1. Tick the true sentence. ✓ Navigators from the 16th century proved that the Earth is round. 2. Imagine you are in outer space. What does the Earth look like? Describe its shape and the colour of the continents and oceans. M.A. The Earth is a sphere. Most of the Earth is blue because there is so much water. I can see the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. They are blue. I can see

86 189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

North America and South America too. The land looks mostly green but there are brown areas where it is very dry. Some parts are covered by clouds which look white from outer space. The Earth is beautiful. 3. Imagine that the Earth is flat. Could we travel around the world by boat? What would happen? M.A. If the Earth was flat, we would not be able to travel around the world by boat. We would fall off the edge! 4. Read the definition and write the correct word. Then, circle the same words in the wordsearch. • The natural satellite of the Earth: the Moon. • The movement of the Earth on its axis: rotation. • The movement of the Earth around the Sun: revolution. • Life on Earth is possible thanks to this star: the Sun • The third planet from the Sun in the Solar System: the Earth. • The layer of air that surrounds the Earth: the atmosphere. • The largest planet in the Solar System: Jupiter. Q

A

H

A

E

M

O

O

N

Z

H

T

K

X

S

F

W

P

H

T

P

M

M

S

U

N

V

M

T

R

J

O

N

P

W

F

V

N

Y

O

U

S

B

G

M

A

E

A

M

T

P

P

X

Y

K

Y

A

P

R

A

I

H

S

U

I

B

R

U

N

T

T

E

W

R

A

N

T

G

A

I

E

R

E

C

S

H

H

A

L

O

R

E

V

O

L

U

T

I

O

N

5. Write the names of the eight planets in our Solar System. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. 8 HOW DOES DRINKING WATER GET TO OUR HOMES? 1. Answer the questions. • Where is water cleaned? It is cleaned in treatment plants. • Where is river water collected? It is collected in reservoirs. • How is water distributed to homes? It is distributed through pipes. • What happens to water after we use it in our homes? M.A. First it is collected through a network of sewers. Then it is cleaned in a treatment plant. Next, it goes back into river or it is recycled. 2. What is drinking water? It is clean water that is safe to drink.


86

22/03/11

14:15

Answer key EXTENSION

3. Use the key and circle the water pipes. red= light-coloured pipes , blue= dark-coloured pipes

• Describe the landscape of Iceland. M.A. There are craters, lava deserts and plains covered with volcanic ash. There are also rivers, waterfalls and fields covered with green moss. • Explain why agriculture is not an important industry in Iceland. Because the land is not very fertile, and it is very cold. 2. Compare the landscape of Iceland and the Moon. Similarities: There are many craters, lava deserts and plains covered with volcanic ash. Differences: There are rivers, waterfalls and fields covered with green moss. 3. Look at the wordsearch. Circle three Balearic Islands and three Canary Islands. L

A

N

Z

A

R

O

T

E

A

F

Q

W

P

X

S

E

M

G

V

I

B

I

Z

A

N

V

T

Q

B

S

L

E

N

O • Which rooms have taps? There are taps in the bathroom and the kitchen. 4. All living things need water, but water is scarce. What can we do to save water? Write three ideas. M.A. • We can use recycled water for watering parks. • We can have showers instead of baths. • We can turn the tap off when we clean our teeth. 9 WEATHER MAPS 1. Look at the maps and answer the questions. • What day did it rain more? 6th January. • What day did it snow? 6th January. • What day was it sunnier? 6th August. • What day was it hotter? 6th August. How do you know? M.A. Because it was sunny in most places. It didn’t snow. 2. Look at the maps. Read what each person says and draw the correct weather symbol. Top map: N: snowy, S: foggy, E: rainy, W: sunny. Bottom map: N: stormy, S: sunny, E: windy, W: foggy. 3. What was the weather like yesterday where you live? M.A. It was sunny in the morning, and it was rainy in the afternoon.

C

M

E

N

O

R

C

A

R

S

E

G

H

K

O

P

S

I

R

R

A

R

E

V

I

S

F

U

A

F

O

X

O

R

O

E

L

M

A

L

L

O

R

C

A

X

4. Cross out the word that does not belong. Explain why. • The odd one out is moor because it is not a feature of a coastal landscape. • The odd one out is bay because it is not part of a mountain. 11 VILLAGES AND CITIES 1. Answer the questions. • Why does the population of a place grow? M.A. There are many reasons why the population of a place grows. The most important reason is that lots of people move there to work. • Imagine you want to move from a village to a big city. Give three reasons why. M.A. I want to move to a big city because it has a university, lots of cinemas, and lots of opportunities for work.

10 ICELAND

2. Colour the services you can find in your town or village. O.A.

1. Answer the questions. • How did Iceland get its name? Iceland got its name because it has a lot of glaciers. • Where is Iceland? Iceland is in the North of Europe. • What are geysers? They are underground springs of hot water that shoot water and steam high into the air.

3. Look at the map. Write the letter and number for the location of the places. • university: B-7. • railway station: A-9. • town hall: A-5. • library: C-2.


189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

87

87 11/03/11

12:27

Answer key EXTENSION 14 TOWN HALLS

4. Look at the map. Use the key and colour the routes. , green= red= , blue= A

B

C

D

library

stadium

town hall

cathedral

university

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

railway station

8

9

5. Draw two more services on the map. Write the names and coordinates. O.A. 12 POTATOES 1. Tick the correct answer. ✓ Potatoes are originally from America. ✓ Plant potato seeds in spring. ✓ Harvest potatoes in summer.

2. Look at the illustration. • Where do potatoes grow? They grow in the ground. • Are potatoes stems, leaves or roots? They are stem tubers.

1. Answer the questions. • What do town halls organise? Town halls organise services such as schools, hospitals, the police, firefighting and rubbish collection. • How often are local elections held? They are held every four years. • What are the two requirements to vote? Voters must be registered and be at least 18 years old. 2. Why do you think is it important for voters to be registered? M.A. It is important for voters to be registered to avoid people voting more than once. 3. Look at these illustrations about local elections. • Match. ballot box: Transparent box where citizens put their ballots. ballot: Piece of paper with the names of all the candidates. polling place: Place where citizens go to vote. candidate: Person running for election. 4. Read and answer the questions. • Why are ballot boxes transparent? M.A. So that people can see that the box is empty and that there are no false votes before the election begins. • Citizens vote in private. Why is this important? M.A. So that they can vote freely without feeling pressured. 15 ART MUSEUMS

3. Look at the pictures. Write the word. Put the pictures in order. Top row: 2 fertilise, 1 prepare the soil. Bottom row: 4 harvest, 3 plant. 4. Six hundred years ago, nobody ate potatoes in Europe. M.A. Six hundred years ago, nobody ate potatoes in Europe because there were no potatoes in Europe. Spanish explorers brought the first potato plants from South America to Spain. 13 WORLD HERITAGE CITIES 1. Look at the map. Write the names of the World Heritage Cities in Spain. Alcala de Henares, Avila, Caceres, Cordoba, Cuenca, Ibiza, Merida, Salamanca, San Cristobal de la Laguna, Santiago de Compostela, Segovia, Tarragona, Toledo. 2. Choose a World Heritage City in Spain. Imagine you would like to visit it. Complete the information card. O.A. 3. Why did you choose this city? O.A. 4. Is tourism a service? Explain. M.A. Yes, tourism is a service. People who work in tourism do not make objects. They provide services, for example, in hotels, restaurants, travel agencies or bars. Tourists relax and enjoy these places.

88 189703 _ 0080-0088.indd

1. Answer the questions. • What is an art museum? A place where paintings and sculptures are displayed. • Why do art museums look after their paintings? Because they are of historical and cultural interest. • What does an art restorer do? An art restorer repairs damaged paintings. • What does a security guard do in an art museum? They protect the paintings which are displayed in the museum. • Think of an art museum you have visited. What is its name? What sort of paintings did you see? O.A. 2. Look at the illustration. Read the text. • Now, find information about a museum near where you live, and fill in the information card. O.A


88

11/03/11

12:27

Diagnostic tests Your body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Living things . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Planet Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Machines, materials and energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Your neighbourhood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Time and directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Individual results chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 ANSWER KEYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 89

11/03/11 12:28

1

Our skeleton

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Name 1

Date

Match.

head limbs

trunk

2

Complete the sentences. elbow

3

joints

Bones join together at

.

You bend your arm at the

.

You bend your leg at the

.

knee

Match. skull

biceps

rib pectoral muscles tibia spinal column

abdominal muscles calf muscles

femur

90 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 90


11/03/11 12:28

1 4

Which sense are they using? Write. B

A

C

5

D

E

Label the diagram. lung heart stomach

6

Tick the healthy habits. Sleep less than eight hours every night.

Drink very little water.

Eat a varied diet.

Brush your teeth once a week.

Have a bath or shower every day.

Exercise often.


189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 91

91 11/03/11 12:28

2

Living things

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Name

Date

1

Circle the living things.

2

What do plants need? Colour. air

soil

3

medicine

sunlight

water

food

electricity

Why are animals living things? Tick. Because they can move. Because they are born, they grow and reproduce. Because they have very different shapes and colours.

4

Match. They are born from their mother’s womb. They have bare skin.

insects

They have scales and fins. They are invertebrate and have six legs. They have scales and live on land. They lay eggs and have feathers.

92 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 92

birds

amphibians fish reptiles mammals


11/03/11 12:28

2 5

Look at the illustrations and write herbivore or carnivore. A

B

6

Match. oviparous viviparous

7

D

C

Animals which lay eggs.

Animals which are born from their mother’s womb.

Label the diagram.

What type of plant is it? Colour the correct word. grass

bush

tree


189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 93

93 11/03/11 12:28

3

Planet Earth

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Name 1

Date

Write T (true) or F (false). Air is a mixture of different gases. Oxygen is one of the gases in air. Air is a liquid. You cannot see air and it does not take up space.

2

3

Colour. yellow

Sun

blue

Earth

grey

Moon

Look at the illustrations. Is it day or night? A

B

In illustration A it is because In illustration B it is because Label the illustrations. liquid

A

B

gas solid

94 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 94

C WATER

4


11/03/11 12:28

3 5

Match. You can drink it.

You cannot drink it.

6

It is in rivers. It is in the sea.

What type of landscape is it? Write coastal or mountain.

7

fresh water

Label the illustration. mountain river village forest

8

Classify. bridge snow road cliff natural features

man-made features


189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 95

95 22/03/11 14:19

4

Machines, materials and energy

Name 1

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Date

What are machines for? Tick. To have better ideas. To study better. To make work easier.

2

How does each machine help us? Match. A

B

It helps us do housework. 3

C

It helps us travel.

It helps us communicate.

Match and write each machine in its correct place. A

B

C

D

E

F

They work with electricity. They work with petrol. They work with human force.

96 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 96


11/03/11 12:28

4 4

What are these objects made of? Match. A

cork

B

leather

C

wool

D

5

plastic

metal

E

Where do these materials come from? Classify. wood cotton wool leather From plants

From animals 6

Circle four materials you can recycle. F

P

L

A

S

T

I

C

M

Q

A

E

O

I

O

Z

P

K

G

P

G

L

A

S

S

P

J

X

E

A

L

H

I

W

E

V

W

R

L

Q

S

D

J

B

L

C

A

R

D

B

O

A

R

D

T

R

E

G

N

U

E

Y

N


189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 97

97 11/03/11 12:28

5

Your neighbourhood

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Name 1

Date

Where can you find these things? Write the room. A

B

C

D

2

Complete the index card. Name of your village or city: Name of your street: Where do you live? In a house.

In a flat.

Where is your street? In the centre.

In the suburbs.

What is your street like? long

wide

short

narrow

98 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 98


22/03/11 14:19

5 3

Complete. grandparents sisters uncles cousins The parents of my parents are my The brothers of my parents are my The sons and daughters of my uncles are my The daughters of my parents are my

4

Label the illustration. traffic light

zebra crossing

pavement

cycle lane

road

bus stop

BUS

5

Complete. Pedestrians walk on the Cars and buses drive on the Pedestrians cross the road at the Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 99

99 22/03/11 14:19

6

Time and directions

DIAGNOSTIC TEST

Name 1

Date

Write old or modern. A

B

C

D

E

F

2

Who is older? Put the illustrations in order. Write 1, 2, 3 and 4.

3

Complete the diary. Write three things you do before dinner and three things you do after dinner. before

100 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 100

after


11/03/11 12:28

6 4

Look at the illustration and answer.

O L H O S C

What is in front of the school? What is to the right of the hospital? What is behind the kiosk? What is in the centre of the square? 5

Circle the correct word.

Hastings is to the north / south of Ashford. Westfield is to the east / west of Ashford. Wilton is to the east / west of Westfield. Ashford is to north / south of Hastings. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 101

101 11/03/11 12:28

Individual results chart Name

Date

Yes

NP*

Comments

Your body Identify body parts. Name and locate bones, muscles and joints. Name and locate some organs. Distinguish between healthy and unhealthy habits. Identify the sense organs.

Living things Differentiate between living and non-living things. Recognise the characteristics of the main groups of living things. Classify animals according to their body, how they move, how they reproduce and their food. Identify the parts of a plant.

Planet Earth Recognise the properties of air. Identify and describe day and night. Recognise the properties and uses of water. Identify types of landscapes. Identify landscape features. Distinguish between natural and man-made features of landscapes.

102 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 102


11/03/11 12:28

Individual results chart

Yes

NP*

Comments

Machines, materials and energy Identify common machines and their uses. Identify common materials and their properties.

Your neighbourhood Know basic facts about the place where you live. Identify family members. Recognise some road safety rules.

Time and directions Use time concepts appropriately. Order sequences chronologically. Use spatial notions correctly. Know the points of a compass. NP: Needs practice.


189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 103

103 11/03/11 12:28

Answer key

Diagnostic tests

1 Our skeleton 1. Match.

head limbs

trunk

2. Complete the sentences. • Bones join together at joints. • You bend your arm at the elbow. • You bend your leg at the knee . 3. Match.

skull

biceps

rib

pectoral muscles

tibia

abdominal muscles

backbone

calf muscles

femur

4. Which sense are they using? Write. A: taste, B: smell C: touch, D: hearing, E: sight. 5. Label the diagram. Left top to bottom: heart, stomach Right: lung 6. Tick the healthy habits. Healthy habits: Eat a varied diet. Have a bath or shower every day. Exercise often. 2 Living things 1. Circle the living things. Circle plant and dog. 2. What do plants need? Colour. Colour air, water, soil, sunlight. 3. Why are animals living things? Tick. Because they are born, they grow and reproduce.

104 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 104


11/03/11 12:29

Answer key DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 4. Match. They are born from their mother’s womb. mammals They have bare skin. amphibians They have scales and fins. fish They are invertebrate and have six legs. insects They have scales and live on land. reptiles They lay eggs and have feathers. birds 5. Look at the illustrations and write herbivore or carnivore. A. herbivore, B. carnivore, C. carnivore, D. herbivore 6. Match. oviparous: Animals which lay eggs. viviparous: Animals which are born from their mother’s womb. 7. Label the diagram. Left: trunk Right top to bottom: leaves, roots • What type of plant is it? Colour the correct word. tree 3 Planet Earth 1. Write T (true) or F (false). T Air is a mixture of different gases. T Oxygen is one of the gases in air. F Air is a liquid. F You cannot see air and it does not take up space. 2. Colour. Sun: yellow, Earth: blue, Moon: grey 3. Look at the illustrations. Is it day or night? • In illustration A it is day because you can see the Sun. • In illustration B it is night because you can see the Moon and the stars. 4. Label the illustrations. A. solid, B. liquid, C. gas 5. Match. fresh water: You can drink it. It is in rivers. 6. What type of landscape is it? Write coastal or mountain. mountain, coastal 7. Label the illustration. Left top to bottom: mountain, forest Right top to bottom: village, river 8. Classify. natural elements: snow, cliff man-made elements: bridge, road 4 Machines, materials and energy 1. What are machines for? Tick. To study better. To make work easier. 2. How does each machine help us? Match. A. It helps us travel. B. It helps us communicate. C. It helps us do housework.


189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 105

105 11/03/11 12:29

Answer key DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 3. Match and write each machine in its correct place. They work with electricity: E. microwave, F. hairdryer They work with petrol: B. aeroplane, D. car They work with human force: A. trolley, C. screwdriver 4. What are these objects made of? Match. A. plastic, B. cork, C. metal, D. leather, E. wool 5. Where do these materials come from? From plants: wood, cotton From animals: wool, leather 6. Circle four materials you can recycle. F

P

L

A

S

T

I

C

M

Q

A

E

O

I

O

Z

P

K

G

P

G

L

A

S

S

P

J

X

E

A

L

H

I

W

E

V

W

R

L

Q

S

D

J

B

L

C

A

R

D

B

O

A

R

D

T

R

E

G

N

U

E

Y

N

• I wash my hands. After: M.A. • I help with the washing up. • I brush my teeth. • I go to bed. 4. Look at the illustration and answer. • What is in front of the school? A park. • What is to the right of the hospital? A supermarket. • What is behind the kiosk? A bench. • What is in the centre of the square? A fountain. 5. Circle the correct word. • Hastings is to the south of Ashford. • Westfield is to the west of Ashford. • Wilton is to the east of Westfield. • Ashford is to north of Hastings.

5 Your neighbourhood 1. Where can you find these things? Write the room. A. kitchen, B. living room, C. bedroom, D. bathroom 2. Complete the index card. Open Answer (O.A.) 3. Complete. • The parents of my parents are my grandparents. • The brothers of my parents are my uncles. • The sons and daughters of my uncles are my cousins. • The daughters of my parents are my sisters. 4. Label the illustration. Top row: cycle lane, traffic light, bus stop Bottom row: zebra crossing, pavement, road 5. Complete. • Pedestrians walk on the pavement. • Cars and buses drive on the road. • Pedestrians cross the road at the zebra crossing. 6 Time and directions 1. Write old or modern. A. old, B. old, C. modern, D. modern, E. modern, F. old 2. Who is older? Put the illustrations in order. Write 1, 2, 3 and 4. Left to right: 2, 1, 3, 4 3. Complete the diary. Write three things you do before dinner and three things you do after dinner. Before: Model Answer (M.A.) • I do my homework. • I watch television.

106 189703 _ 0089-0106.indd 106


11/03/11 12:29

Assessment

Unit assessments

Unit tests

1 Your body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

108

138

2 Our senses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110

139

3 Living things . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

112

140

4 Vertebrate animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

114

141

5 Invertebrate animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

116

142

6 Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118

143

7 Planet Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

120

144

8 Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

122

145

9 Air and weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

124

146

10 Landscapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

126

147

11 Villages and cities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128

148

12 Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

130

149

13 Work and services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

132

150

14 Local government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

134

151

15 Finding out about the past . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

136

152

Term assessments Term 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Term 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Term 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Term tests Term 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Term 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Term 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 Final assessment and test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Answer keys Unit assessments and tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Term assessments and tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Final assessment and test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

107

11/03/11

12:30

1

Your body

Name 1

ASSESSment

Date

Classify the words. forehead leg abdomen arm back face

2

3

Head

Trunk

Limbs

Label the diagram. brain

kidney

lung

bone

stomach

muscle

Write a personal trait which differentiates one person from another.

4

What are ligaments?

5

What is melanin?

108 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


108

22/03/11

14:19

1 6

Complete.

are hard, strong, rigid organs. They form the It supports the weight of the body.

The them to move. 7

.

are elastic organs which are attached to the bones and help

What is a joint? Explain and give two examples.

8

Look at the diagrams and answer. What muscle contracts when you bend your arm? What muscle contracts when you extend your A

9

B

arm?

List the four main stages of life.

10 Write each stage of life. Your body prepares to become an adult. This is the first stage of life. Bones become fragile and muscles grow weaker. Your body is fully developed.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

109

109 11/03/11

12:30

2

Our senses

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Write the sense organs.

2

Label the parts of the eye. 1. 1

2. 4

2

3. 4.

3

3

Complete. eyelids

optic nerve

pupil

brain

sight

The eyes are the senses organs of . , eye lashes and eyebrows protect the eyes. The is the hole in the centre of the iris though which light passes. When we see an object, the information is sent to the through the . 4

Label the parts of the ear.

110 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


110

11/03/11

12:30

2 5

Circle the correct word. The outer ear captures sound through the pinna / cochlea. The cochlea sends the sound through the ear canal / auditory nerve to the brain. The brain interprets / vibrates the information.

6

What part of your nose captures smells?

7

Complete the sentences. Touch is the

which allows you to identify characteristics

of the objects around you. The sense organ of touch is the . 8

Write T (true) or F (false). Smells enter the nose through the nostrils. Tears keep our eyes dry. The tongue is the main sense organ of taste. We feel pain through our taste buds. The small bumps covering our tongue are the taste buds.

9

Write the corresponding sense organ. cochlea

iris

nasal cavity

pupil

taste bud

auditory nerve

10 What are the five basic flavours? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

111

111 11/03/11

12:30

3

Living things

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

What are three of the life processes?

2

3

Write the life process. It allows living things to absorb the essential nutrients for life.

It allows living things to respond to changes in the environment.

It allows living things to produce new living things.

What two things does nutrition provide you with? Explain.

4

5

Write a definition for these words. carnivore

omnivore

Complete. carbon dioxide sunlight mineral salts water photosynthesis Plants produce their own food through . They take and They take Energy from

112 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

from the soil through their roots.

from the air through their leaves. is also taken through the leaves.


112

11/03/11

12:30

3 6

Number the sentences in order and complete. The dog’s brain sends an order to the muscles to play with the ball. The dog sees a ball. The dog plays with the ball. The image of the ball reaches the dog’s brain.

The life process is . 7

Circle the organs which are part of the process of sensitivity. heart

8

nerves

brain

liver

sense organs

Look at the illustration and complete the sentence. Some plants reproduce , without flowers or seeds.

9

Write two examples of each type of animal. oviparous

viviparous

10 Number the sentences in order. A new plant begins to grow. Seeds are formed from the flowers. The plant grows flowers. The seeds fall to the ground and germinate. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

113

113 11/03/11

12:30

4

Vertebrate animals

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Write the five groups of vertebrate animals.

2

What group do these animals belong to? A

B

3

C

D

E

Tick the correct options. All mammals:

4

have bones.

drink their mother’s milk.

are born from their mother’s womb.

can walk when they are born.

Write an example of each type of animal. marine mammal

5

flying mammal

primate

Cross out the three mistakes. Reptiles are viviparous animals. They breathe through gills. Their skin is covered with scales. Most of them live on land and slither.

6

Complete the sentences with Fish or Amphibians.

have bare skin.

breathe only through gills.

breathe through gills and through their skin.

114 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


114

11/03/11

12:30

4 7

Circle the word related to birds in each pair. animals / plants

vertebrate / invertebrate

wings / fins

8

feathers / fur

oviparous / viviparous

What animal is it? This animal is different when it is young and when it is an adult. When it is born, it lives in water, breathes through gills and has a tail. When it is an adult, it can live on land, it breathes using lungs and has legs. It is a .

9

Write the name of two animals which belong to this group of vertebrates. They breathe through lungs.

The breathe through gills.

They have scales.

The move using fins.

10 Complete the chart. Mammals

Reptiles

Birds

Fish

Amphibians

Breathe through… Their body is covered with… They move using…

Their reproduction is…


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

115

115 11/03/11

12:30

5


ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Complete with vertebrate or invertebrate. All animals have got a skeleton. All animals have not got a spinal column.

2

3

4

Write the names of four groups of invertebrates.

Write four invertebrates. It has a soft body.

It has a hard shell.

It lives on land.

It lives in the sea.

Write T (true) or F (false). Jellyfish have tentacles. Snails have one flat foot for moving. Some worms live in the sea. Spiders have long thin bodies.

5

Match. Then, complete. spider butterfly

six legs eight legs

Spiders and butterflies belong to a group of animals called

116 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

.


116

11/03/11

12:30

5 6

Name the three main body parts of an insect.

7

Label the body parts of the fly.

8

Number the illustrations in order.

A

9

B

C

D

Circle the correct option about insects. They are vertebrate / invertebrate animals. They have six / four legs. They have two / four antennae. They are oviparous / viviparous.

10 Which animal is it? Read and write the name. It is an invertebrate. It is oviparous. It has a hard body. It has four wings. It has six legs. Name:


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

117

117 11/03/11

12:30

6

Machines

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

What is a machine?

2

3

Match.

A watch

cuts wood.

A pulley

carries heavy objects.

A saw

measures time.

A wheelbarrow

lifts heavy objects.

Is a computer a machine? Explain.

4

What do machines need in order to function?

5

What type of energy does each of these machines need to function? A

C

D

118 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

B


118

11/03/11

12:30

6 6

What is the difference between a simple machine and a compound machine?

7

Complete.

Machines can be simple

for example ramp 8

Write the four groups of compound machines.

9

Write T (true) or F (false). A pulley makes it difficult to lift heavy objects. A ramp is an inclined plane. A lever is a bar which rests on a pivot point. A wheel turns on a pivot point.

10

What machine is it? It is a simple machine. It is circular and it turns on an axle. It is used to move objects from one place to another. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

119

119 11/03/11

12:30

7

Planet Earth

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Write T (true) or F (false). We live on planet Earth. The surface of the Earth is covered with land and water. The Earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere. Most of the Earth is covered with land.

2

Match. Sun Earth

4

The Earth’s natural satellite.

Moon

3

A planet in the Solar System.

The closest star to the Earth.

Write rotation or revolution. It takes 24 hours.

It causes the four seasons.

It takes 365 days.

It causes day and night.

Write rotation or revolution under the correct diagram. A

B

5

Write the names of the four Moon phases.

120 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


120

22/03/11

14:19

7 6

Why is it day in some places on Earth and night in other places?

7

Tick the correct sentence. At sunrise, the Sun is in the west and at sunset, it is in the east. At sunrise, the Sun is in the east and at sunset, it is in the west.

8

Match. map Earth globe

9

A flat drawing which represents parts of the surface of the Earth. A sphere which represents the Earth on a small scale.

Label the diagram of the Earth.

Southern Hemisphere South Pole Equator North Pole Northern Hemisphere

10 Write the names of the six continents. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

121

121 11/03/11

12:30

8

Water

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Complete. ,

2

3

and

need water to live.

Write four uses of water.

Where is salt water found in nature?

4

Where is fresh water found in nature?

5

6

Write an example. Water as a solid

Water as a gas

Water as a liquid

Write T (true) or F (false). Drinking water is water in a liquid state. Groundwater is water in a gaseous state. There is water in a solid state at the North and South Poles.

7

Write the change of state of water. When liquid water turns into ice.

When liquid water turns into water vapour.

When ice turns into liquid water.

When water vapour turns into liquid water.

122 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


122

11/03/11

12:30

8 8

Look at the illustration and write the correct number.

4 3 5

1

6 2

9

sea

groundwater

rain

snow

clouds

river

Complete the text about the water cycle. The water in seas, rivers and lakes heats up and turns into . As the water vapour cools down, it

and forms clouds. The water

in the clouds falls to Earth as rain, , or hail. Rain falls in rivers and goes to the . Some rain goes into the ground as . 10 Answer. What is an aquifer? Where does the water in aquifers come from? How is groundwater extracted? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

123

123 22/03/11

14:19

9

Air and weather

Name 1

ASSESSment

Date

Write T (true) or F (false). Air is a mixture of gases. Oxygen is the second most abundant gas in air. Air always has the same shape. Living things do not need oxygen to breathe.

2

What is air used for? Write three examples.

3

Does air have weight? Answer and explain using an example.

4

What is the atmosphere?

5

What is the difference between weather and climate?

6

What does weather refer to?

124 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


124

11/03/11

12:30

9 7

8

Circle the words which are related to weather. storm

snow

waves

oxygen

mountain

rain

spring

river

hail

wind

Classify. rain gale breeze hail hurricane snow Precipitation

9

Wind

What are the typical weather conditions in each season? Complete the chart. Winter

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Temperature Precipitation 10 Look at the illustrations and answer. A

B

What season does illustration A represent? Explain. What season does illustration B represent? Explain. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

125

125 11/03/11

12:30

10

Landscapes

Name

ASSESSment

Date

1

Label the parts of the mountain.

2

What is a moor?

3

Describe a plain.

4

Circle three natural features in blue. Circle three man-made features in red.

5

Explain the difference between coastal plains and cliffs.

126 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


126

22/03/11

14:19

10 6

Label the illustration. bay cliff peninsula island beach

7

What is a river?

8

Complete. The ground over which a river flows is called a . The course of a river is

.

The volume of water in a river is the . 9

Label the illustration. upper course middle course lower course

10 Explain the difference between lakes and reservoirs. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

127

127 11/03/11

12:30

11

Villages and cities

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Is this an illustration of a village or a city? Explain.

2

3

Write V for village or C for city. Not many people live here.

The streets are long and wide.

Many buildings are tall.

There are shopping centres.

Most houses are low.

The streets are short and narrow.

Complete the chart. Mountain villages

What kind of jobs do people do?

4

Villages on plains

Villages on the coast

Cities

Describe houses in mountain villages. Walls: Roofs:

128 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


128

11/03/11

12:30

11 5

What are three examples of rural tourism?

6

Write two advantages and two disadvantages of living in a city. Life in a city

Advantages

7

Disadvantages

Label the three main parts of a city. A

C

B

8

Write definitions for these words. coastal village

housing estate Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

129

129 11/03/11

12:30

12

Jobs

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

Match. Crop farming Irrigation Dry farming

2

3

4

working the land to obtain food and other products

a method of growing crops in dry areas

watering plants using irrigation channels or sprinklers

Number the sentences in order. Sow the seeds.

Plough the fields.

Harvest the crops.

Fertilise the soil.

Write two examples. livestock

cattle

poultry

Complete. In farming, animals live in pens and barns. In farming, animals live in the open. fishing is done near the coast. fishing is done a long way from the coast.

5

What is a fish farm?

130 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


130

11/03/11

12:30

12 6

Explain the difference between open mining and underground mining.

7

Answer. What are raw materials? What are manufactured products?

8

Number the illustrations of the industrial process in order.

9

Complete the chart. Types of industry

for example

for example

for example

10 Why are there more industries in cities than in villages? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

131

131 11/03/11

12:30

13

Work and services

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

What are services?

2

Circle the illustration of a service. A

3

4

B

Who provides these services? Public services

Private services

Match. firefighters

police

public services

banks

hotels

5

C

private services

Write two examples. Health services

Cultural services

Tourism services

Transport services

132 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


132

11/03/11

12:30

13 6

Write producer, consumer or trader.

7

Define. Retailers: Wholesalers:

8

What is electronic commerce?

9

Complete the chart.

Transport

Means of transport

Transport networks

public

roads and motorways

10

Write two examples for each. The media: Individual communication: Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

133

133 11/03/11

12:30

14

Local government

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

What is a town hall?

2

What is the difference between the mayor and a councillor?

3

Why is the following sentence not correct? In local elections, citizens elect a mayor, who then elects the councillors.

4

Complete the chart with the words in the box. town hall the mayor the local council the councillors

is made up of

who meet in the

5

Answer. Who votes in local elections? How often are local elections held?

134 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


134

11/03/11

12:30

14 6

Who organises municipal services?

7

Complete the chart with the names of five municipal services. Municipal services

8

9

Write the municipal service. They keep the streets safe.

They clean the streets.

They inspect food shops.

They organise town festivals.

They maintain road signs.

What municipal service should you phone? A

B

10 Why do people need municipal services? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

135

135 11/03/11

12:30

15

Finding out about the past

ASSESSment

Name 1

Date

What things can help you find out about your personal history?

2

Match. past decade future century

3

A hundred years.

Ten years.

What happened before now.

What will happen later.

Classify these historical records. A

4

B

Pictorial record

Written record

Physical record

C

Complete. Flags and coats of arms are the

of a town.

Traditional foods, dances and songs are the

of a town.

Carnival, New Year’s Eve or celebrations in honour of a patron saint are .

136 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


136

11/03/11

12:30

15 5

Write the correct word under each illustration. A

B

6

C

Give an example of a historical monument in your town.

7

Write T (true) or F (false). Thousands of years ago, people lived in castles. Hundreds of years ago, the job of noblemen was to fight in wars. Nowadays, most people work in services.

8

Match. A

B

thousands of years ago

9

C

hundreds of years ago

nowadays

Complete. Thousands of years ago, people lived They didn’t travel They ate

10

What is a timeline? Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

137

137 11/03/11

12:30

Your body

TEST 1

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The main parts of the body are a. the head, trunk and legs. b. the head, chest and limbs. c. the head, trunk and limbs. 2. The trunk is divided in two parts: a. the upper limbs and lower limbs. b. the thorax and abdomen. c. the back and abdomen. 3. The brain is located

7. The main stages of life are a. childhood, adolescence and youth. b. childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. c. children, adults and old people. 8. Permanent teeth grow during a. childhood. b. adolescence. c. adulthood.

a. next to the heart.

9. The body prepares to have children during

b. in the head. c. in the stomach.

a. adolescence. b. old age.

4. Bones form

c. adulthood.

a. the joints. b. the muscles.

10. Melanin is

c. the skeleton. 5. The organs which are joined to the bones and help them to move are a. the lungs.

a. a substance in the skin which protects us from the Sun. b. an internal organ in the human body. c. one of the parts of the trunk.

b. the arms. c. the muscles. 6. Two muscles in the arm are a. the humerus and ulna. b. the biceps and triceps. c. the radius and biceps.

138 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


138

11/03/11

12:30

Our senses

TEST 2

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The eyes are the sense organs of

6. The external part of the ear is

a. sight.

a. the pinna.

b. touch.

b. the cochlea.

c. hearing.

c. the eardrum.

2. The part of the eye that captures light is

7. When sound reaches the eardrum, a. it stops.

a. the pupil.

b. it vibrates.

b. the lens.

c. it irritates.

c. the retina. is a coloured ring 3. The which controls the level of light.

8. The ears capture sound and send it to the brain through a. the eardrum.

a. iris

b. the optic nerve.

b. pupil

c. the auditory nerve.

c. cornea 4. The sense of sight allows us to a. know the world around us through sound. b. know the world around us through touch. c. know the world around us through light. 5. The sense organ of hearing is a. the pinna.

9. The sense organ of touch is a. your pituitary. b. your tongue. c. your skin. 10. The sense organ of is inside your nose. a. smell b. touch c. hearing

b. the ear. c. the eardrum.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

139

139 22/03/11

14:19

Living things

TEST 3

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The life processes are sensitivity, nutrition and

6. The life process of sensitivity allows you to

a. breathing.

a. take in food.

b. reproduction.

b. reproduce.

c. digestion.

c. respond to changes in the environment.

2. Omnivores are animals which a. eat other animals and plants. b. only eat other animals. c. only eat plants.

7. allows living things to produce similar living things. a. Sensitivity b. Reproduction

3. The life process of nutrition allows you to a. obtain energy and nutrients for your body. b. sense what happens in the world around you. c. have children.

c. Repetition 8. Human beings are a. oviparous. b. viviparous. c. oviparous and viviparous. 9. are important organs in the process of sensitivity.

4. Plants a. produce their own food.

a. Lungs

b. eat other living things.

b. Muscles

c. are omnivores.

c. Kidneys

5. The most important part of the nervous system is a. the optic nerve. b. the auditory nerve. c. the brain.

140 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

10. Starfish reproduce a. sexually. b. asexually. c. by mating.


140

11/03/11

12:30

Vertebrate animals

TEST 4

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Vertebrate animals

7. Birds and reptiles are

a. have a skeleton made up of bones.

a. oviparous.

b. do not have a skeleton.

b. viviparous.

c. do not have a skeleton when they are born, but they have one later.

c. invertebrates.

2. Mammals are

8. Animals which breathe through lungs and have scales are

a. oviparous.

a. amphibians.

b. viviparous.

b. fish.

c. amphibians.

c. reptiles.

3. Whales have

9. Amphibians

a. scales.

a. have bare skin.

b. hair.

b. do not have skin.

c. bare skin.

c. have scales.

4. Humans are a. invertebrates. b. primates. c. marine mammals. 5. Chimpanzees and gorillas a. have small brains.

10. breathe through gills when they are born and through lungs when they grow. a. Fish b. Reptiles c. Amphibians

b. use their hands to grip objects. c. stay in their mother’s pouch for some time. 6. Birds breathe through a. lungs. b. gills and lungs. c. gills.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

141

141 11/03/11

12:30


TEST 5

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Invertebrate animals are

7. Snails and mussels are

a. animals with bones.

a. arthropods.

b. animals without bones.

b. molluscs.

c. animals with bones but no skeleton.

c. worms. 8. Spiders have

2. Spiders are a. arthropods.

a. eight legs.

b. molluscs.

b. six legs.

c. vertebrate animals.

c. ten legs. 9. Insects are

3. Jellyfish are a. vertebrate animals that live in the sea.

a. oviparous.

b. invertebrate animals that live in the sea.

c. oviparous when they are born and viviparous when they grow.

c. marine arthropods.

b. viviparous.

10. Spiders eat

4. Earthworms

a. insects.

a. live in the sea.

b. worms.

b. have many legs.

c. molluscs.

c. make tunnels in the soil. 5. Insects are a. arthropods. b. amphibians. c. molluscs. 6. Insect bodies are divided into a. head, trunk and limbs. b. head, trunk and abdomen. c. head, thorax and abdomen.

142 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


142

22/03/11

14:19

Machines

TEST 6

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. In order to function, all machines need

7. Bicycles work using a. electricity.

a. energy.

b. energy from people.

b. petrol.

c. combustible fuels.

c. electricity. 2. To make work easier, we use

8. A wheel is a. a simple machine.

a. machines.

b. a compound machine.

b. torches.

c. not a machine.

c. balloons. 3. Machines can be

9. Gears are used to a. produce electricity.

a. oviparous and viviparous.

b. lift weights.

b. simple or compound.

c. transmit movement.

c. circular or square. 4. Inclined planes are

10. A pulley is a. a simple machine.

a. gears.

b. an electronic circuit

b. simple machines.

c. an electric circuit.

c. motors. 5. Compound machines a. are made up of one part. b. are made up of simple machines. c. produce electricity. 6. Motors are part of a. inclined planes. b. pulleys. c. compound machines.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

143

143 11/03/11

12:30

Planet Earth

TEST 7

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The Earth is

6. Asia is

a. a satellite.

a. a continent.

b. a star.

b. an ocean.

c. a planet.

c. an island.

2. The thin layer of air which surrounds the Earth is called

7. The Earth orbits a. itself.

a. the continent.

b. the Moon.

b. the ocean.

c. the Sun.

c. the atmosphere. 3. The rotation of the Earth takes

8. Most of the surface of the Earth is covered by

a. 28 days.

a. land.

b. a year.

b. water.

c. a day.

c. craters.

4. There are cardinal points.

9. The rotation of the Earth causes a. day and night.

a. six

b. the seasons.

b. four

c. the months.

c. five

10. A map is

5. The Moon is a. the star which orbits the Earth. b. the planet which orbits the Sun. c. the natural satellite which orbits the Earth.

144 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

a. a sphere that represents the Earth. b. a representation of the Sun, the Earth and the Moon. c. a flat drawing that represents the surface of the Earth.


144

11/03/11

12:30

Water

TEST 8

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Water can be found in a gaseous state, a solid state and

7. When water changes from one state to another

a. a liquid state.

a. a change of state occurs.

b. fresh.

b. an experiment occurs.

c. in aquifers.

c. desalination occurs.

2. When water heats up it turns into

8. When water vapour cools,

a. water vapour.

a. it turns into liquid water.

b. ice.

b. it turns into ice.

c. a liquid.

c. it turns into gas.

3. Drinking water is water which a. you can drink.

9. The change from solid to liquid is called

b. you cannot drink.

a. freezing.

c. comes from seas and oceans.

b. melting.

4. At the Poles, water is found in a. a liquid state. b. a solid state. c. a gaseous state. 5. Underground water deposits are called a. oceans.

c. evaporation. 10. Clouds are made up of water droplets in a. a liquid state. b. a solid state. c. a gaseous state.

b. clouds. c. aquifers. 6. Fresh water comes from a. seas. b. rivers. c. oceans.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

145

145 11/03/11

12:30

Air and weather

TEST 9

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. All living things need to breathe.

6. Depending on the temperature, the weather can be

a. nitrogen

a. hot or cold.

b. oxygen

b. sunny or cloudy.

c. carbon dioxide

c. windy or rainy.

2. Air is

7. Precipitation can fall as

a. oxygen.

a. wind.

b. water vapour.

b. hail.

c. a mixture of gases.

c. gas.

3. The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth is called

8. Extremely strong wind with rain is called a

a. nitrogen.

a. hurricane.

b. the atmosphere.

b. breeze.

c. air.

c. gale.

4. Weather refers to precipitation, temperature and

9. The season with the longest nights is

a. air.

a. spring.

b. water.

b. summer.

c. wind.

c. winter.

5. The typical weather conditions in one area is

10. The state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place is

a. winter.

a. climate.

b. the climate.

b. wind.

c. the weather.

c. weather.

146 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


146

11/03/11

12:30

Landscapes

TEST 10

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Mountains are a. areas of land near the sea.

7. A large area of sea the bites into the land is

b. areas of flat land.

a. a cape.

c. areas of high land with steep slopes.

b. a bay.

2. The highest part of a mountain is a. the summit.

c. a gulf. 8. A large flowing body of water which begins in a high area is

b. the slopes.

a. a river.

c. the foot.

b. a lake.

3. are high areas of flat land with little vegetation. a. Valleys b. Flood plains c. Moors 4. Mountains, plains and rivers are a. natural features. b. natural features made by man. c. man-made features. 5. Areas of land near the sea are called

c. a reservoir. 9. The volume of water in a river is a. the flow. b. the course. c. the river bed. 10. The mouth of a river is near a. the upper course. b. the middle course. c. the lower course.

a. valleys. b. coastal landscapes. c. inland landscapes. 6. are areas of high land near the sea. a. Cliffs b. Mountains c. Beaches


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

147

147 11/03/11

12:30

Villages and cities

TEST 11

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Places with a small population are

6. The oldest part of a city is

a. cities.

a. the modern district.

b. countries.

b. the suburbs.

c. villages

c. the historic centre.

2. In villages, streets usually lead to

7. In cities, most people work

a. the cathedral.

a. on farms.

b. the main square.

b. in forests.

c. the fountain.

c. in offices.

3. In mountain villages, many people are

8. In mountain villages, a. streets are long and narrow.

a. farmers.

b. streets are long and steep.

b. fishermen.

c. streets are steep and narrow.

c. miners.

9. In cities,

4. In villages on the coast, is very important. a. farming

b. streets are long and steep. c. streets are long and wide.

b. tourism c. taking care of forests 5. The modern district of a city often surrounds a. the city centre.

a. streets are long and narrow.

10. Housing estates are usually a. in the centre of villages. b. outside village centres. c. in the historic centre of cities.

b. the main square. c. the suburbs.

148 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


148

11/03/11

12:30

Jobs

TEST 12

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. is working the land to obtain food and other products.

6. is when animals live in the open and eat grass or grain.

a. Crop farming

a. Intensive farming

b. Stockbreeding

b. Free-range farming

c. Fishing

c. Stockbreeding

2. To stop insects harming their crops, farmers

7. is done a long way from the coast on big boats.

a. spray the plants with pesticides.

a. Intensive fishing

b. sow the seeds.

b. Coastal fishing

c. plough the fields.

c. Deep-sea fishing

3. Dry crops need a. water from irrigation channels.

8. is extracting stones and minerals from under the ground.

b. water from sprinklers.

a. Stockbreeding

c. little water.

b. Mining

4. Vegetables, fruit, rice and corn are a. dry crops. b. industrial crops. c. irrigation crops. 5. Sheep are a. cattle. b. poultry. c. livestock.

c. Forestry 9. are natural resources which are used in industry. a. Raw materials b. Manufactured products c. Assembly lines 10. Industries can be primary, consumer or a. farming. b. forestry. c. technological.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

149

149 11/03/11

12:30

Work and services

TEST 13

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. does not make a product. It provides for the needs of people. a. An industry

6. Electronic commerce is done through a. consumers. b. traders. c. the Internet.

b. A service c. A raw material 2. Public services are provided by

7. services move passengers and merchandise from one place to another.

a. consumers

a. Recreational

b. wholesalers

b. Communications

c. the government

c. Transport

3. services are provided in museums, theatres or cinemas.

8. Transport which is not private is a. public.

a. Cultural

b. cultural.

b. Sport

c. rural.

c. Tourism 4. People who make products are

9. Information is sent from one place to another using

a. consumers.

a. means of communication.

b. traders.

b. means of transport.

c. producers.

c. consumer rights.

5. There are two types of traders:

10. E-mail is an example of

a. producers and consumers.

a. the media.

b. wholesalers and retailers.

b. personal communication.

c. shopkeepers and retailers.

c. public communication.

150 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


150

11/03/11

12:30

Local government

TEST 14

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The institution which organises municipal services is a. the police.

7. An election manifesto explains what will do if elected.

b. the town hall.

a. the candidates

c. the local council.

b. the citizens

2. The head of the local council is a. the councillor. b. the president. c. the mayor.

8. visit local food shops to check that the food we buy is healthy. a. Gardeners

3. Local elections are held every a. four years.

b. Town planners c. Food hygiene inspectors

b. year.

9. are in charge of recycling rubbish.

c. two years. 4. council.

c. the inspectors

make up the local

a. The councillors b. The councillors and the citizens c. The councillors and the mayor 5. The mayor is elected by

a. Cultural services b. Sanitation services c. Police services 10. If you want to build a house, you must contact a. the recreational services.

a. the citizens.

b. the sanitation services.

b. the councillors.

c. the town planning services.

c. the town hall. 6. The local council works in a. the town hall. b. the municipal sports centre. c. the housing estate.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

151

151 11/03/11

12:30

Finding out about the past

TEST 15

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Time is divided into a. yesterday, today and tomorrow.

7. Thousands of years ago, people lived in

b. past, present and future.

a. castles.

c. childhood, adolescence and old age.

b. houses.

2. Everything which will happen later is a. the future.

c. huts. 8. Hundreds of years ago, people travelled by

b. the present.

a. trains.

c. the past.

b. boats. c. aeroplanes.

3. A decade is

9. Noblemen

a. 100 years. b. 20 years.

a. lived in big castles.

c. 10 years.

b. travelled by cart. c. made things of iron.

4. Very old buildings are a. historical monuments. b. historical symbols.

10. by train.

many people travel

a. Nowadays

c. traditions.

b. Hundreds of years ago

5. A monument is a. a written historical record.

c. Thousands of years ago

b. a physical historical record. c. a pictorial historical record. 6. The customs of a city, town or village are called a. traditions. b. symbols. c. history.

152 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


152

22/03/11

14:19

Answer key

ASSESSMENTs and tests

1 Your body 1. Classify the words. • Head: forehead, face • Trunk: abdomen, back • Limbs: leg, arm 2. Label the diagram. Left top to bottom: brain, stomach, muscle Right top to bottom: lung, kidney, bone 3. Write a personal trait which differentiates one person from another. M.A. hair colour. 4. What are ligaments? Ligaments hold moveable joints together. 5. What is melanin? M.A. Melanin is responsible for the colour of our eyes, our hair and our skin. 6. Complete. • Bones are hard, strong, rigid organs. They form the skeleton. It supports the weight of the body. • The muscles are elastic organs which are attached to the bones and help them to move. 7. What is a joint? Explain and give two examples. M.A. A joint is the place where bones join together. For example, the elbow and the knee. 8. Look at the diagrams and answer. • What muscle contracts when you bend your arm? The biceps. • What muscle contracts when you extend your arm? The triceps. 9. List the four main stages of life. childhood, adolescence, adulthood, old age 10. Write each stage of life. Your body prepares to become an adult: adolescence. The first stage of life: childhood. Bones become fragile and muscles grow weaker: old age. Your body is fully developed: adulthood. Test 1 1. c, 2. b, 3. b, 4. c, 5. c, 6. b, 7. b, 8. a, 9. a, 10. a. 2 Our senses 1. Write the sense organs. eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin 2. Label the parts of the eye. 1. cornea, 2. lens, 3. retina, 4. optic nerve 3. Complete. • The eyes are the senses organs of sight. • Eyelids, eye lashes and eyebrows protect the eyes. • The pupil is the hole in the centre of the iris though which light passes. • When we see an object, the information is sent to the brain through the optic nerve. 4. Label the parts of the ear. Left top to bottom: pinna, ear drum Right top to bottom: small bones, cochlea 5. Circle the correct word. • The outer ear captures sound through the pinna. • The cochlea sends the sound through the auditory nerve to the brain. • The brain interprets the information. 6. What part of your nose captures smells? The smell receptors. 7. Complete the sentences. • Touch is the sense which allows you to identify characteristics of the objects around you. • The sense organ of touch is the skin. 8. Write T (true) or F (false). T Smells enter the nose through the nostrils. F Tears keep our eyes dry. T The tongue is the main sense organ of taste. F We feel pain through our taste buds. T The small bumps covering our tongue are the taste buds.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

153

153 11/03/11

12:30

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 9. Write the corresponding sense organ. • cochlea: ear • taste bud: tongue • nasal cavity: nose • iris: eye 10. What are the five basic flavours? sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami

• pupil: eye • auditory nerve: ear

Test 2 1. a, 2. c, 3. a, 4. c, 5. b, 6. a, 7. b, 8. c, 9. c, 10. a. 3 Living things 1. What are three of the life processes? Nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction. 2. Write the life process. It allows living things to absorb the essential nutrients for life. Nutrition It allows living things to respond to changes in the environment. Sensitivity It allows living things to produce new living things. Reproduction 3. What two things does nutrition provide you with? Explain. M.A. Nutrition provides us with energy to run, play and study. Nutrition also provides us with nutrients to grow and be healthy. 4. Write a definition for these words. carnivore: an animal which eats other animals. omnivore: an animal which eats other animals and plants. 5. Complete. Plants produce their own food through photosynthesis. They take water and mineral salts from the soil through their roots. They take carbon dioxide from the air through their leaves. Energy from sunlight is also taken through the leaves. 6. Number the sentences in order and complete. 1 The dog sees a ball. 2 The image of the ball reaches the dog’s brain. 3 The dog’s brain sends an order to the muscles to play with the ball. 4 The dog plays with the ball. • The life process is sensitivity. 7. Circle the organs which are part of the process of sensitivity. Circle: nerves, brain, sense organs 8. Look at the illustration and complete the sentence. • Some plants reproduce asexually, without flowers or seeds. 9. Write two examples of each type of animal. oviparous: M.A. bird, frog viviparous: M.A. cat, cow 10. Number the sentences in order. 1 The plant grows flowers. 2 Seeds are formed from the flowers. 3 The seeds fall to the ground and germinate. 4 A new plant begins to grow. Test 3 1. b, 2. a, 3. c, 4. a, 5. c, 6. c, 7. b, 8. b, 9. b, 10. b. 4 Vertebrate animals 1. Write the five groups of vertebrate animals. mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish 2. What group do these animals belong to? A. reptiles, B. birds, C. mammals, D. amphibians, E. fish 3. Tick the correct options. All mammals: have bones. are born from their mother’s womb. drink their mother’s milk.

154 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


154

11/03/11

12:30

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 4. Write an example of each type of animal. marine mammal: dolphin flying mammal: bat primate: gorilla 5. Cross out the three mistakes. Reptiles are viviparous animals. They breathe through gills. Their skin is covered with scales. Most of them live on land and slither. 6. Complete the sentences with Fish or Amphibians. • Amphibians have bare skin. • Fish breathe only through gills. • Amphibians breathe through gills and through their skin. 7. Circle the word related to birds in each pair. Cicle: animals, vertebrate, feathers, wings, oviparous 8. What animal is it? • It is a frog. 9. Write the name of two animals which belong to this group of vertebrates. M.A. • They breathe through lungs: rabbits and squirrels. • They have scales: snakes and crocodiles. • They breathe through gills: sharks and sardines. • The move using fins: dolphins and carp. 10. Complete the chart. Mammals

Reptiles

Birds

Fish

Amphibians

Breathe through…

lungs

lungs

lungs

gills

lungs and skin

Their body is covered with…

fur or hair

scales

feathers

scales

bare skin

They move using…

legs

legs

wings

fins

legs

Their reproduction is…

viviparous

oviparous

oviparous

oviparous

oviparous

Test 4 1. a, 2. b, 3. c, 4. b, 5. b, 6. a, 7. a, 8. c, 9. a, 10. c. 5 Invertebrate animals 1. Complete with vertebrate or invertebrate. • All vertebrate animals have got a skeleton. • All invertebrate animals haven’t got a backbone. 2. Write the names of four groups of invertebrates. jellyfish, worms, molluscs, arthropods 3. Write four invertebrates. It has a soft body. M.A. worm It has a hard shell. M.A. snail It lives on land. M.A. butterfly It lives in the sea. M.A. octopus 4. Write T (true) or F (false). T Jellyfish have tentacles. T Some worms live in the sea. T Snails have one flat foot for moving. F Spiders have long thin bodies. 5. Match. Then, complete. spider: eight legs butterfly: six legs • Spiders and butterflies belong to a group of animals called arthropods. 6. Name the three main body parts of an insect. head, thorax, abdomen 7. Label the body parts of the fly. Left top to bottom: thorax, antenna, head Right top to bottom: wing, abdomen, leg 8. Number the illustrations in order. A. 1, B. 3, C. 2, D. 4 9. Circle the correct option about insects. • They are invertebrate animals. • They have six legs. • They have two antennae. • They are oviparous. 10. Which animal is it? Read and write the name. insect / beetle Test 5 1. b, 2. a, 3. b, 4. c, 5. a, 6. c, 7. b, 8. a, 9. a, 10. a.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

155

155 11/03/11

12:30

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 6 Machines 1. What is a machine? M.A. A machine is a device that allows you to work better, faster and easier. Machines save time and energy. 2. Match. A watch measures time. A saw cuts wood. A pulley lifts heavy objects. A wheelbarrow carries heavy objects. 3. Is a computer a machine? Explain. M.A. A computer is a machine. It has many parts, and we can use it to write, listen to music, watch films, and communicate with people on the Internet. It allows us to work better, faster and easier. 4. What do machines need in order to function? Machines need energy to function. 5. What type of energy does each of these machines need to function? A. Hammer – human force B. Boat – wind C. Electric whisk – electricity D. Aeroplane – combustible fuels 6. What is the difference between a simple machine and a compound machine? Simple machines have one or few parts. They work with one movement. Compound machines are made up of two or more simple machines working together. 7. Complete. Machines can be simple or compound. Simple machines: M.A. wheel, pulley, lever. 8. Write the four groups of compound machines. motors, gears, electric circuits, electronic circuits 9. Write T (true) or F (false). F A pulley makes it difficult to lift heavy objects. T A ramp is an inclined plane. T A lever is a bar which rests on a pivot point. F A wheel turns on a pivot point. 10. What machine is it? A wheel. Test 6 1. a, 2. a, 3. b, 4. b, 5. b, 6. c, 7. b, 8. a, 9. c, 10. a. 7 Planet Earth 1. Write T (true) or F (false). T We live on planet Earth. T The surface of the Earth is covered with land and water. T The Earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere. F Most of the Earth is covered with land. 2. Match. Sun: The closest star to the Earth. Earth: A planet in the Solar System. Moon: The Earth’s natural satellite. 3. Write rotation or revolution. • It takes 24 hours. rotation • It takes 365 days. revolution • It causes the four seasons. revolution • It causes day and night. rotation 4. Write rotation or revolution under the correct diagram. revolution, rotation 5. Write the names of the four Moon phases. full moon, waning moon, waxing moon, new moon 6. Why is it day in some places on Earth and night in other places? M.A. The rotation of the Earth on its axis causes day and night. As the Earth rotates, it is day in the half that receives light from the Sun. It is night in the half that does not receive light. 7. Tick the correct sentence. At sunrise, the Sun is in the east and at sunset, it is in the west. 8. Match. map: A flat drawing which represents parts of the surface of the Earth. Earth globe: A sphere which represents the Earth on a small scale.

156 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


156

22/03/11

14:19

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 9. Label the diagram of the Earth. Left: Southern Hemisphere, South Pole Right: North Pole, Northern Hemisphere, Equator 10. Write the names of the six continents. America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania, Antarctica Test 7 1. c, 2. c, 3. c, 4. b, 5. c, 6. a, 7. c, 8. b, 9. a, 10. c. 8 Water 1. Complete. People, animals and plants need water to live. 2. Write four uses of water. M. A. For drinking, for washing, in factories, to water plants. 3. Where is salt water found in nature? In seas and oceans. 4. Where is fresh water found in nature? In rivers, streams and lakes. 5. Write an example. • Water as a solid: ice. • Water as a gas: water vapour. • Water as a liquid: water in rivers. 6. Write T (true) or F (false). T Drinking water is water in a liquid state. F Groundwater is water in a gaseous state. T There is water in a solid state at the North and South Poles. 7. Write the change of state of water. • When liquid water turns into ice. freezing • When liquid water turns into water vapour. evaporation • When ice turns into liquid water. melting • When water vapour turns into liquid water condensation 8. Look at the illustration and write the correct number. 1 sea, 2 groundwater, 3 snow, 4 clouds, 5 rain, 6 river 9. Complete the text about the water cycle. The water in seas, rivers and lakes heats up and turns into water vapour. As the water vapour cools down, it condenses and forms clouds. The water in the clouds falls to Earth as rain, snow or hail. Rain falls in rivers and goes to the sea. Some rain goes into the ground as groundwater. 10. Answer. • What is an aquifer? A large deposit of groundwater. • Where does the water in aquifers come from? The water comes from rain. This water goes through the soil and collects in empty spaces. • How is groundwater extracted? Groundwater is extracted using wells. Test 8 1. a, 2. a, 3. c, 4. b, 5. a, 6. a, 7. b, 8. a, 9. b, 10. a. 9 Air and weather 1. Write T (true) or F (false). T Air is a mixture of gases. F Air always has the same shape. T Oxygen is the second most abundant gas in air. F Living things do not need oxygen to breathe. 2. What is air used for? Write three examples. M.A. • We need air to breathe. • We need air to hear sound. • Fire needs oxygen in order to burn. 3. Does air have weight? Answer and explain using an example. M. A. Air has weight. For example, a balloon with air inside weighs more than a balloon with no air inside. 4. What is the atmosphere? The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth. 5. What is the difference between weather and climate? Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place. Climate is the typical weather conditions in one area. 6. What does weather refer to? Weather refers to temperature, precipitation and wind.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

157

157 11/03/11

12:30

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 7. Circle the words which are related to weather. storm, snow, rain, hail, wind 8. Classify. Precipitation: rain, hail, snow Wind: gale, breeze, hurricane 9. What are the typical weather conditions in each season? Complete the chart. Winter

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Temperature

cold

warm

hot

mild

Precipitation

It can snow.

rain

little rain

rain

10. Look at the illustrations and answer. M.A. • What season does illustration A represent? Explain. It represents winter because there is snow. • What season does illustration B represent? Explain. It represents spring because there are lots of flowers and grass. Test 9 1. b 2. c, 3. b, 4. c, 5. b, 6. a, 7. b, 8. a, 9. c, 10. c. 10 Landscapes 1. Label the parts of the mountain. summit slope foot 2. What is a moor? A moor is a high area of flat land with little vegetation. 3. Describe a plain. A plain is a very large area of flat land. 4. Circle three natural features in blue. Circle three man-made features in red. Natural features: M.A. mountains, river, animals Man-made features: M.A. bridge, village, road 5. Explain the difference between coastal plains and cliffs. Coastal plains are areas of low land on the coast. The land is flat, and there are beaches with sand and rocks. Cliffs are areas of high land near the sea. The land is high and rocky. 6. Label the illustration. cliffs island peninsula bay beach 7. What is a river? A river is a large, flowing body of water. 8. Complete. • The ground over which a river flows is called a river bed. • The course of a river is the journey from the source to the mouth. • The volume of water in a river is the flow.

158 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


158

22/03/11

14:19

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 9. Label the illustration.

upper course middle course

lower course 10. Explain the difference between lakes and reservoirs. Lakes are large areas of fresh water surrounded by land. They form naturally. Reservoirs are man-made lakes. Test 10 1. c, 2. a, 3. c, 4. a, 5. b, 6. a, 7. c, 8. a, 9. a, 10. c. 11 Villages and cities 1. Is this an illustration of a village or a city? Explain. M.A. It is a village because the houses are low and the streets are short and lead to a main square. 2. Write V for village or C for city. V Not many people live here. C There are shopping centres. C Many buildings are tall. C The streets are long and wide. V Most houses are low. V The streets are short and narrow. 3. Complete the chart. Mountain villages What kind of jobs do people do?

Villages on plains

Villages on the coast

Cities

farming

fishing tourism

businesses offices factories

farming taking care of forests

4. Describe houses in mountain villages. Walls: they are thick to keep out the cold. Roofs: they are sloped so the snow falls off. 5. What are three examples of rural tourism? M.A. fishing, cycling, horse riding 6. Write two advantages and two disadvantages of living in a city. Advantages: M.A. many services such as shops and hospitals Disadvantages: M.A. pollution from traffic, it takes a lot of time to travel 7. Label the three main parts of a city. A. the suburbs, B. the modern district, C. the historic centre 8. Write definitions for these words. Coastal village: a village by the sea. Housing estate: a group of houses that look very similar. Test 11 1. c, 2. b, 3. a, 4. b, 5. a, 6. c, 7. c, 8. c, 9. c, 10. b. 12 Jobs 1. Match. Crop farming: working the land to obtain food and other products. Irrigation: watering plants using irrigation channels or sprinklers. Dry farming: a method of growing crops in dry areas. 2. Number the sentences in order. 1 Plough the fields. 2 Fertilise the soil. 3 Sow the seeds. 4 Harvest the crops. 3. Write two examples. livestock: M.A. sheep, pigs cattle: cows, bulls poultry: chickens, turkeys 4. Complete. • In intensive farming, animals live in pens and barns. • Coastal fishing is done near the coast. • In free-range farming, animals live in the open. • Deep-sea fishing is done a long way from the coast.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

159

159 11/03/11

12:30

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 5. What is a fish farm? A fish farm is a place where farmers breed fish and shellfish. Fish farms are built near rivers or on the coast. 6. Explain the difference between open mining and underground mining. M.A. Open mining is when miners dig quarries to obtain minerals from near the surface of the Earth. Underground mining is when miners dig deep tunnels below the surface to obtain minerals that are deep under the Earth. 7. Answer. • What are raw materials? Raw materials are natural resources, for example wood and cotton. • What are manufactured products? Manufactured products are products made in a factory from a raw material. 8. Number the illustrations of the industrial process in order. Left to right: 3, 1, 2 9. Complete the chart. Left column: primary industry, for example the steel industry Middle column: consumer industry, for example the car industry Right column: technological industry, for example the computer industry 10. Why are there more industries in cities than in villages? M.A. In cities there are more people to work in the factories. It is easier to receive supplies and to transport the manufactured products because there are more roads and railways. Test 12 1. a, 2. a, 3. c, 4. c, 5. c, 6. b, 7. c, 8. b, 9. a, 10. c. 13 Work and services 1. What are services? M.A. Services are jobs that help people by providing a service. They can be public or private. 2. Circle the illustration of a service. Circle C. 3. Who provides these services? • Public services: the government • Private services: individuals and private companies 4. Match. firefighters: public services banks: private services police: public services hotels: private services 5. Write two examples. • Health services: M.A. hospitals, clinics • Cultural services: M.A. museums, theatres • Tourism services: M.A. travel agencies, hotels • Transport services: M.A. buses, taxis 6. Write producer, consumer or trader. trader, producer, consumer 7. Define. • Retailers: they buy products from wholesalers and then sell them to consumers. • Wholesalers: they buy large quantities of a product from a producer and sell it to retailers. 8. What is electronic commerce? Electronic commerce is shopping on the Internet. 9. Complete the chart. Means of transport: public, private Transport networks: roads and motorways, railway tracks, flight paths, sea routes 10. Write two examples for each. M.A. • The media: newspapers, television • Individual communication: telephones, letters Test 13 1. b, 2. c, 3. a, 4. c, 5. b, 6. c, 7. c, 8. a, 9. a, 10. b. 14 Local government 1. What is a town hall? A town hall is the building where the local council works. 2. What is the difference between the mayor and a councillor? The mayor is the head of the local council. Councillors are members of the local council who help the mayor organise municipal services.

160 189703 _ 0107-0161.indd


160

11/03/11

12:30

Answer key ASSESSMENTs and tests 3. Why is the following sentence not correct? In local elections, the citizens elect the councillors, who then elect the mayor. They do not elect the mayor directly. 4. Complete the chart with the words in the box. The local council is made up of the mayor and the councillors who meet in the town hall. 5. Answer. • Who votes in local elections? The citizens of a town or city who are 18 years old or over. • How often are local elections held? Every four years. 6. Who organises municipal services? The local council. 7. Complete the chart with the names of five municipal services. M.A. schools, hospitals, street lighting, police, rubbish collection 8. Write the correct municipal service. • They keep the streets safe: local police • They organise town festivals: cultural services • They clean the streets: sanitation services • They maintain road signs: highway services • They inspect food shops: food hygiene inspection services 9. What municipal service should you phone? A. local police B. highway services 10. Why do people need municipal services? M.A. People need municipal services so that they can live in their town safely and comfortably. Test 14 1. c, 2. c, 3. a, 4. c, 5. b, 6. a, 7. a, 8. c, 9. b, 10. c. 15 Finding out about the past 1. What things can help you find out about your personal history? M.A. photographs, videos, books, paintings, objects, diaries. 2. Match. past: What happened before now. future: What will happen later. decade: Ten years. century: A hundred years. 3. Classify these historical records. • Pictorial record: B. photograph • Written record: A. book • Physical record: C. sword 4. Complete. • Flags and coats of arms are the historical symbols of a town. • Traditional foods, dances and songs are the traditions of a town. • Carnival, New Year’s Eve or celebrations in honour of a patron saint are festivals. 5. Write the correct word under each illustration. A. historical symbol, B. local festival, C. Traditional dance 6. Give an example of a historical monument in your town. O.A. 7. Write T (true) or F (false). F Thousands of years ago, people lived in castles. T Hundreds of years ago, the job of noblemen was to fight in wars. T Nowadays, most people work in services. 8. Match. A. hundreds of years ago B. nowadays C. thousands of years ago 9. Complete. • Thousands of years ago, people lived in huts made of branches and animal skins. • They didn’t travel very far because they walked everywhere. • They ate wild plants, hunted animals and caught fish. 10. What is a timeline? A timeline is diagram to put past events in order. A timeline can be divided into days, years or longer periods of time. Test 15 1. b, 2. a, 3. c, 4. a, 5. b, 6. a, 7. c, 8. b, 9. a, 10. a.


189703 _ 0107-0161.indd

161

161 11/03/11

12:30

1

TERM ASSESSMENT

Name 1

Date

Describe the movement of muscles and bones in A and B. A

B

2

Tick the correct option. Our body has three parts: head, thorax and abdomen. The lower limbs are the legs. The trunk is divided in two parts: thorax and back.

3

Complete the chart. Sight

Hearing

Smell

Taste

Touch

Sense organ(s) This sense allows you to capture… 4

What function does the brain have in the sense of sight? Explain.

5

Complete. The life process of to changes in the environment. During the life process of essential nutrients.

living things take in food and absorb

The life process of new living things of their own kind.

162 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 162

is the ability of living things to respond

is the ability of all living things to produce


22/03/11 15:05

1 6

Write two examples of how plants interact with the environment.

7

Write T (true) or F (false). Mammals are viviparous animals which breathe through lungs. Reptiles are viviparous animals which breathe through lungs. Birds are oviparous animals which breathe through lungs. Adult amphibians breathe through lungs and through their skin. Fish are viviparous animals which breathe through gills.

8

Answer. How do dolphins breathe? What animal group do bats belong to? What type of reptiles does not have four legs? What group of animals has scales and breathes through gills?

9

Complete. The bodies of insects have three parts: and

, .

The offspring of insects which have just hatched from their eggs are called

.

The thorax of an insect contains six

.

and four

10 Complete the chart. Invertebrate animals are classified into


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 163

163 11/03/11 13:01

2

TERM ASSESSMENT

Name 1

Date

Classify these machines. B

A

C

E

Simple machines

Compound machines

F

D

2

Look at the illustration. What type of machine it is?

3

Why is the Sun important to the Earth?

4

Explain why this statement is not correct. The Earth orbits the Sun. This movement causes day and night.

5

Write the change of state of water. A

164 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 164

B

C


11/03/11 13:01

2 6

Describe the water cycle.

7

Write three properties of air.

8

Answer. What is wind? Depending on the temperature, what can the weather be like? What kinds of precipitation are there?

9

Match each feature with a type of landscape. summit cliff slope

peninsula mountain landscape coastal landscape

archipelago foot

10 Explain the difference between the course and the flow of a river. Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 165

165 11/03/11 13:01

3

TERM ASSESSMENT

Name 1

Date

Is it a village or a city? low buildings

short, narrow streets

not many people live there

It is a . 2

Why is this sentence not correct? Read and explain. Rural tourism is becoming very popular in cities.

3

4

Give two examples of each. Crop farming

Stockbreeding

Fishing

What does each type of industry make? Primary industries Consumer industries Technological industries

5

Write three examples of jobs in the service industry.

166 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 166


11/03/11 13:01

3 6

What are means of communication? Explain and give an example.

7

Look at the diagram. Explain how a mayor is elected. mayor

councillors

citizens 8

9

Write two examples of each municipal service. Sanitation services

Cultural services

Recreational services

What documents can you use to find out about the history of your town?

10 Complete. Thousands of years ago, people lived in Nowadays, people live in Hundreds of years ago, people travelled by Nowadays, people travel by Top Science 3 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2011 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L.

189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 167

. . . .

167 22/03/11 15:05

TERM 1 TEST

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Bones join together at

6. are living things which eat animals and plants.

a. the muscles. b. the ligaments.

a. Omnivores

c. the joints.

b. Carnivores

2. The bones in the forearm are a. the radius and ulna.

c. Herbivores 7. Mammals are

b. the humerus and biceps.

a. oviparous.

c. the triceps and elbow.

b. viviparous.

3. When sound reaches the , it vibrates. a. cochlea b. eardrum

capture odours.

a. Smell receptors

b. Fish c. Amphibians 9. Spiders are

b. Nostrils

a. insects.

c. Taste buds 5. The sense organs send information to the brain through a. bones.

8. are animals which breathe through lungs and have skin covered in scales. a. Reptiles

c. pinna 4.

c. carnivores.

b. molluscs. c. arthropods. 10. Most insects have four

b. muscles.

a. legs.

c. nerves.

b. antennae. c. wings.

168 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 168


11/03/11 13:01

TERM 2 TEST

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Machines which have one or few parts are

6. When ice heats up and turns into liquid water, occurs.

a. simple.

a. evaporation

b. compound.

b. melting

c. wheels and motors.

c. condensation

2. A pulley is a rope wrapped around

7. The movement of air is called

a. a wheel.

a. wind.

b. a chip.

b. gas.

c. a circuit.

c. precipitation.

3. The closest star to the Earth is a. the Sun.

8. In the Northern Hemisphere, the 21st March is the first day of

b. the Moon.

a. autumn.

c. a planet.

b. summer.

4. It takes for the Earth to orbit the Sun.

c. spring. 9. The steep sides of a mountain are

a. four weeks

a. the slopes.

b. a month

b. the summit.

c. a year

c. the moors.

5. When water vapour condenses, it forms

10. A narrow piece of land surrounded by water on three sides is called

a. clouds.

a. a peninsula.

b. rivers.

b. a bay.

c. aquifers.

c. an isthmus.


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 169

169 11/03/11 13:01

TERM 3 TEST

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. The part of a city which surrounds the centre is called a. the historic centre.

6. buy products from wholesalers and sell them to consumers.

b. the modern district.

a. Retailers

c. the suburbs.

b. Producers

2. In most people know each other because the population is small.

c. Agents 7. Firefighting, street lighting and food hygiene inspection are

a. cities

a. private services.

b. towns

b. school services.

c. villages

c. municipal services.

3. In farming, animals live in pens and eat dry feed.

8. The ____________ is responsible for organising municipal services.

a. free-range

a. neighbourhood

b. intensive

b. district

c. poultry

c. local council

4. Sea fishing near the coast in small boats and using nets is

9. What is happening now is a. the future.

a. coastal fishing.

b. the present.

b. deep-sea fishing.

c. the past.

c. fish farming.

10. Thousands of years ago, people

5. People who work in do not make objects or products. a. coastal fishing b. services

a. travelled by boat. b. travelled by train. c. walked everywhere.

c. stockbreeding

170 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 170


11/03/11 13:01

Answer key

TERM assessments

Term 1 Assessment 1. Describe the movement of muscles and bones in A and B. In A, when the biceps contracts the arm bends at the elbow. In B, when the triceps contracts the arm stretches. 2. Tick the correct option. The lower limbs are the legs. 3. Complete the chart. Sight

Hearing

Smell

Taste

Touch

Sense organ(s)

eyes

ears

nose

tongue

skin

This sense allows you to capture…

shape, colour and size of objects

sounds

smells

flavours

the characteristics of things you touch

4. What function does the brain have in the sense of sight? Explain. The information that the eyes capture is sent to the brain through the optic nerve. The brain receives and interprets the information. 5. Complete. • The life process of sensitivity is the ability of living things to respond to changes in the environment. • During the life process of nutrition living things take in food and absorb essential nutrients. • The life process of reproduction is the ability of all living things to produce new living things of their own kind. 6. Write two examples of how plants interact with the environment. M.A. Plants grow towards light, which is necessary for photosynthesis. Plant roots grow towards water, which is necessary for photosynthesis. 7. Write T (true) or F (false). T Mammals are viviparous animals which breathe through lungs. F Reptiles are viviparous animals which breathe through lungs. T Birds are oviparous animals which breathe through lungs. T Adult amphibians breathe through lungs and through their skin. F Fish are viviparous animals which breathe through gills. 8. Answer. • How do dolphins breathe? Dolphins swim to the surface to breathe in oxygen from the air. They are mammals and they have lungs. • What animal group do bats belong to? Bats are flying mammals. • What type of reptiles does not have four legs? Snakes. • What group of animals has scales and breathes through gills? Fish. 9. Complete. • The bodies of insects have three parts: the head, the thorax and the abdomen. • The offspring of insects which have just hatched from their eggs are called larvae. • The thorax of an insect contains six legs and four wings. 10. Complete the chart. Invertebrate animals are classified into jellyfish, worms, molluscs and arthropods. Term 1 Test 1. c, 2. a, 3. b, 4. a, 5. c, 6. a, 7. b, 8. a, 9. c, 10. c.


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 171

171 22/03/11 15:05

Answer key TERM ASSESSMENTs Term 2 Assessment 1. Classify these machines. Simple machines: A. scissors, D. wheel, F. pulley Compound machines: B. fan, C. telephone, E. drill 2. Look at the illustration. What type of machine it is? M.A. It is a nutcracker. It is a simple machine. It is made of two levers joined together. It works with one movement. 3. Why is the Sun important to the Earth? Life on Earth is possible because the Sun provides Earth with light and heat. 4. Explain why this statement is not correct. The Earth orbits the Sun. This movement causes the four seasons. 5. Write the change of state of water. A. melting, B. evaporation, C. freezing 6. Describe the water cycle. M.A. Water from the sea evaporates. Water vapor condenses and the tiny water droplets form clouds. Wind moves the clouds over land. Water from clouds falls as rain, snow or hail. Rain falls in the rivers and goes to the sea. Some rain goes into the ground as groundwater. 7. Write three properties of air. M.A. Air is invisible. Air has weight. Air has no shape. 8. Answer. • What is wind? Wind is the movement of air. • Depending on the temperature, what can the weather be like? It can be hot or cold. • What kinds of precipitation are there? Rain, snow and hail. 9. Match each feature with a type of landscape. mountain landscape: summit, slope, foot coastal landscape: cliff, peninsula, archipelago 10. Explain the difference between the course and the flow of a river. The course is the journey of a river from the source to the mouth. The flow is the volume of water in a river. Term 2 Test 1. a, 2. a, 3. a, 4. c, 5. a, 6. b, 7. a, 8. c, 9. a, 10. a.

172 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 172


11/03/11 13:01

Answer key TERM ASSESSMENTs Term 3 Assessment 1. Is it a village or a city? It is a village. 2. Why is this sentence not correct? Read and explain. M.A. Rural tourism is popular in rural areas, not in cities. Rural tourism is when tourists visit the countryside and mountain villages. 3. Give two examples of each. • Crop farming: food crops, industrial crops • Stockbreeding: intensive farming, free-range farming • Fishing: coastal fishing, deep-sea fishing 4. What does each type of industry make? • Primary industries transform raw materials into other materials that are used by other industries. • Consumer industries make products to sell directly. • Technological industries use very modern machines to make new products, for example computers. 5. Write three examples of jobs in the service industry. M.A. police officer, teacher, bus driver 6. What are means of communication? Explain and give an example. We use means of communication to send information from one place to another. Means of communication can be personal, for example letters or e-mails, or the media, for example television and newspaper. 7. Look at the diagram. Explain how a mayor is elected. In local elections, the citizens of a town or city elect the councillors. The councillors then elect one of their members to be the mayor. 8. Write two examples of each municipal service. Sanitation services: M.A. street lighting and rubbish collection. Cultural services: M.A. public libraries and organising town festivals. Recreational services: M.A. maintaining municipal sports centres and swimming pools. 9. What documents can you use to find out about the history of your town? You can use historical records, such as books or photographs. 10. Complete. • Thousands of years ago, people lived in huts. Nowadays, people live in houses and flats. • Hundreds of years ago, people travelled by horse, by foot, by cart or by boat. Nowadays people travel by cars, trains, boats and aeroplanes. Term 3 Test 1. b, 2. c, 3. b, 4. a, 5. b, 6. a, 7. c, 8. c, 9. b, 10. c.


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 173

173 22/03/11 15:05

FINAL ASSESSMENT

Name 1

2

Date

Write A for animals or P for plants. Eat other living things.

Move from one place to another.

Grow towards light.

Produce fruit.

Produce their own food.

Have offspring.

Write two examples. Herbivore

Carnivore

Omnivore

3

Label the illustration.

4

Circle the words related to insects’ bodies. legs abdomen trunk fins hair thorax wings head limbs

5

What is the difference between vertebrate and invertebrate animals?

174 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 174


11/03/11 13:01

6

Complete. The Earth rotates on its axis. This movement is called It takes the Earth

. to complete a rotation.

The movement of the Earth around the Sun is called The Earth takes 7

.

to complete a revolution around the Sun.

Complete the diagram. freezing evaporation condensation melting

solid

liquid

8

gaseous

Write a definition for these words. Consumer rights: Election manifesto: Assembly line:

9

Circle the odd one out. crop irrigation plough cattle council mayor wholesaler councillor peninsula isthmus cape summit

10 Write two types of historical records.


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 175

175 22/03/11 15:05

FINAL TEST

Name

Date

Circle the correct option. 1. Muscles and bones work together to a. digest food. b. produce movement.

c. protect the body from diseases.

2. The main stages of life are a. childhood and youth. b. adulthood, childhood and old age. c. childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age. 3. The part of the eye which captures light is a. the retina. b. the pupil.

c. the cornea.

4. The four numbered parts are 1

2

3

4

a. 1. pinna; 2. eardrum; 3. iris; 4. auditory nerve. b. 1. pinna; 2. small bones; 3. eardrum; 4. cochlea. c. 1. pinna; 2. eardrum; 3. small bones; 4. cochlea. 5. Three of the life processes are a. nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction. b. nutrition, eating and digestion. c. reproduction, breathing and nutrition. 6. Animals carry out sensitivity through a. nerves, sense organs and communication. b. bones, joints and muscles. c. the sense organs, muscles and the nervous system. 7. Vertebrate animals are divided into a. mammals, reptiles, primates and snakes. b. mammals, reptiles, birds, fish and amphibians. c. mammals, insects, birds, frogs and dinosaurs.

176 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 176


11/03/11 13:01

Circle the correct option. 8. do not take care of their babies. a. Kangaroos b. Birds c. Amphibians 9. Invertebrate animals are divided into a. jellyfish, worms, molluscs and spiders. b. jellyfish, worms, molluscs and arthropods. c. jellyfish, flies and mussels. 10. The three numbered parts are a. 1. head; 2. trunk; 3. legs. b. 1. abdomen; 2. head; 3. thorax. c. 1. head; 2. thorax; 3. abdomen.

2 3 1

11. Compound machines are made up of a. many parts. b. many rotating parts. c. few parts. 12. Examples of simple machines are a. wheels, motors and ramps. b. motors, gears and circuits. c. wheels, ramps and levers. 13. The Moon is a. a star which orbits the Sun. b. a satellite which orbits the Earth. c. a planet in the Solar System. 14. The movements of the Earth are called a. rotation and circulation. b. rotation and revolution. c. action and circulation. 15. Water exists in three different states: a. liquid, gas and solid. b. ice, water and oxygen. c. melting, condensation and evaporation.


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 177

177 11/03/11 13:01

Circle the correct option. 16. Groundwater can form a. aquifers and reservoirs. b. underground rivers and aquifers. c. oceans and seas. 17. The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth is a. the atmosphere. b. oxygen. c. water vapour. 18. Climate is a. the typical weather conditions each day. b. the typical weather conditions in one area over several years. c. the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time. 19. The two numbered parts are a. 1. cliff; 2. beach. b. 1. archipelago; 2. peninsula. c. 1. beach; 2. cliff.

2

1

20. Rivers that flow into other rivers are a. tributaries. b. reservoirs. c. flood plains. 21. The three main parts of a city are a. villages, towns and cities. b. the historic centre, the modern district and the suburbs. c. streets, pavements and the main square. 22. Housing estates have a. houses that look very similar. b. industries that look very similar. c. houses that look very different.

178 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 178


11/03/11 13:01

Circle the correct option. 23. Dry crops a. do not need a lot of water to grow. b. grow with water from channels and sprinklers. c. plough, water, fertilise, sow and harvest. 24. There are three types of industries: a. factories, industrial estates and small businesses. b. raw materials, manufactured products and industrial crops. c. primary, consumer and technological. 25. Services can be a. public or private. b. wholesale or retail. c. individual or personal. 26. Means of communication a. provide services for tourists. b. move people and goods. c. send information from one place to another. 27. Local councils organise a. means of communication. b. trade. c. municipal services. 28. The mayor of a town is elected by a. the voters. b. the citizens. c. the councillors. 29. To measure long periods of time, people use a. decades, centuries and millenniums. b. days, weeks, months and years. c. clocks and the calendars. 30. Hundreds of years ago, people lived in a. towns and cities. b. villages and castles. c. huts.


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 179

179 22/03/11 15:05

Answer key

Final ASSESSMENT

1. Write A for animals or P for plants. A Eat other living things. P Grow towards light. P Produce their own food. A Move from one place to another. P Produce fruit. A Have offspring. 2. Write an example. • Herbivore: M.A. rabbit, sheep • Carnivore: M.A. eagle, lion • Omnivore: M.A. human, pig 3. Label the illustration. Left top to bottom: brain, stomach, muscle Right top to bottom: lung, kidney, bone 4. Circle the words related to insects’ bodies. Circle: legs, abdomen, thorax, wings, head 5. What is the difference between vertebrate and invertebrate animals? Vertebrate animals have a skeleton made up of bones. Invertebrate animals do not have a backbone. 6. Complete. • The Earth rotates on its axis. This movement is called rotation. It takes the Earth a day / 24 hours to complete a rotation. • The movement of the Earth around the Sun is called revolution. The Earth takes a year / 365 days to complete a revolution around the Sun. 7. Complete the diagram. Top row: melting, evaporation Bottom row: freezing, condensation 8. Write a definition for these words. • Consumer rights: laws to ensure consumers get products of good price and quality. • Election manifesto: a document in which a candidate explains what they will do if they are elected. • Assembly line: a production process where each worker makes only one part of a product and then passes it on to another worker. 9. Circle the odd one out. Circle: cattle, wholesaler, summit 10. Write two types of historical records. Three options: pictorial, written, physical Final Test 1. b, 2. c, 3. a, 4. b , 5. a, 6. c, 7. b, 8. c, 9. b, 10. c, 11. a, 12. c, 13. b, 14. b, 15. a, 16. b, 17. a, 18. b, 19. c, 20. b, 21. b, 22. a, 23. a, 24. c, 25. a, 26. c, 27. c, 28. c, 29. a, 30. b

180 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 180


22/03/11 15:05

Bones


189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 181

181 11/03/11 13:01

Muscles

182 189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 182


11/03/11 13:01

189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 183

11/03/11 13:01

Top Science 3 is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Primary Education department at Santillana, under the supervision of Enric Juan Redal and Vicki Caballero. English adaptation: David Folkers and Samuel Jiménez Managing editor: Sheila Tourle Editorial team: Julie Davies, Jane Holt and Sheila Klaiber Art director: José Crespo Design coordinator: Rosa Marín Design Team: Interiors design: Jorge Gómez Tobar Cover design: Pep Carrió Cover illustration: Javier Vázquez Design development coordinator: Javier Tejeda Design development: José Luis García and Raúl de Andrés Technical director: Ángel García Encinar Technical coordinator: Marisa Valbuena Layout: Hilario Simón and David de Pedro-Juan Art coordination: Carlos Aguilera Illustrations: Jorge Salas, El ojo del huracán, Ala de mosca, Miguel Ángel Giner, José Ignacio Gómez and José Santos. Photo research: Amparo Rodríguez Photographs: A. Toril; J. Lucas; J. Martin; S. Padura; HIGHRES PRESS STOCK; ISTOCKPHOTO; ARCHIVO SANTILLANA

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the copyright holders. Any infraction of the rights mentioned would be considered a violation of the intellectual property (Article 270 of the Penal Code). If you need to photocopy or scan any fragment of this work, contact CEDRO (Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos, www.cedro.org). However, the publisher grants permission for the photocopying of those pages marked ‘photocopiable’, for individual use or for use in classes taught by the purchaser only. Under no circumstances may any part of this book be photocopied for resale.

© 2011 by Santillana Educación, S. L. / Richmond Publishing Torrelaguna, 60. 28043 Madrid Richmond Publishing is an imprint of Santillana Educación, S. L.

Richmond Publishing 58 St Aldates Oxford OX1 ST United Kingdom

PRINTED IN SPAIN

ISBN: 978-84-294-9228-6 CP: 189703 D.L.:

189703 _ 0162-0184.indd 184

11/03/11 13:01

Top Science 3 - Resource Book

Recommend Documents