15-Batch Data Communication

Batch Data Communication Data migration using BDC (Batch Data Communication) using recording method, call transaction, session method

BDC and Methods of BDC Batch Data Communication(BDC) in SAP, transfer data to SAP using BDC methods BDC(Batch Data Communication) is a batch interfacing technique which is used to insert mass data into SAP R/3 system, in BDC the data will be loded into R/3 using SAP Screen which we use to create a record(Example: Material in MM01).In simple BDC is a technique in SAP, which is used to upload mass data into R/3 server from a flat file( .txt, Excel etc). In BDC the data will be flowing in SAP R/3 through screens (Ex: MM01), BDC is a inbound process. The BDC can be performed in two methods:  

Call Transaction. Session Method.

Call Transaction and Session Method differences.

Call Transaction method in BDC CALL TRANSACTION METHOD: It is the process of transferring the data from flat file into SAP by calling a transaction through a series of sequence of steps.

Properties of call transaction method     

This method is used for transferring less amount of data(<10,000 records). This method uses Synchronous and Asynchronous updates. This method will update the DB immediately. We need to handle the errors and the success messages by declaring an internal table of type BDCMSGCOLL. This method is very fast.

CALL TRANSACTION '' USING UPDATE '' MODE '' MESSAGES INTO .

*T CODE, is a transaction to which we are loading data ex:MM01 *bdcdata is a table which contains data related to each screen *A/S asynchronous or synchronous method. *A/E/N all screen mode or error screen mode or no screen mode. *MESSTAB is a message table to store messages (success, error, warning etc)

BDCDATA is a structure defined with below fields in data dictionary, it holds the information related to each screen field .     

Program - Name of the program. Dynpro - Screen Number. Dynbegin - Start the process. Fnam - Field name on the SAP screen. Fval - Field value on to the field name of SAP screen.

Use of BDCDATA It is a structure which holds the information related to each screen i.e. program name, screen no, field name, field values, information of that particular screen to be transferred into the SAP.

In simple words, it holds all the screen related information and field information to be transferred into corresponding SAP transaction. Program Dynpro Dynbegin Fnam Fval SAPLGMM 0060 "X" RMMG1-MATNR "1011" RMMG1-MBRSH "FOOD" RMMG1-MTART "FERT" SAPLGMM 0070 "X" RZSEL "X"

To find the above information for each field, press F1 on particular field It will display help information. Click on the button "technical information". It will show the entire technical information of a screen. Please note down the program name, screen number, screen field name. This procedure has to be repeated for each field on a SAP screen.Since, it is very difficult to note down the technical information for each field, we have an alternate and easy method called as "RECORDING METHOD"•. Update: There are two types of updates are available. Asynchronous update (COMMIT). Synchronous update (COMMIT & WAIT). DIALOG WORK PROCESS: A work process which is dedicated to process screen information is called "Dialog work process"•. There will be 6 to 7 dialog work processes. These dialog work processes are defined by basis consultant. UPDATE WORK PROCESS: This work process is responsible for updating the data into the database. There will be always only "1" update work process.

ASYNCHRONOUS UPDATE (COMMIT):     

In this type the call transaction screens will communicate with the update work process to update the data into database. It doesn"t wait for the update to be finished. It immediately starts to process the next record without waiting for the update to be finished. That"s why this process is very fast. It is generally not recommended for the large amount of data, because the called transaction does not return any success or error messages.

SYNCHRONOUS UPDATE (COMMIT & WAIT):     

In this mode, the called transaction communicates with the update work process to update the data into database. It will wait for the update to be finished. Once the update is finished, then it continues to process the next record. That’s why this process is very slow. It is generally recommended for large amount of data because it returns success and error messages.

MODE: It specifies the type of the mode to execute the transaction. There are 3 options for mode   

A All screen mode(Foreground). E Error screen mode (only error screens will be displayed). N No screen mode (Background).

RECORDING METHOD: Since, it is very difficult to find technical information of each field on the screen, we go for a method called as "Recording method". The recording method is going to record all the fields in the transaction and it generated the technical information such as program name, screen no, field name, field value for each field on the SAP screen. By using the recording method, it is very easy to create a BDC program.

Recording a transaction using SHDB RECORDING METHOD: Since, it is very difficult to find technical information of each field on the screen, we go for a method called as “Recording method―. The recording method is going to record all the fields in the transaction and it generated the technical information such as program name, screen no, field name, field value for each field on the SAP screen. By using the recording method, it is very easy to create a BDC program.

Steps for recording a transaction. SHDB is the T-code for recording method, go to SHDB, list of recordings will be displayed( if any), click on New Recording to create new recording.

A pop up will open, provide a recording name ZSAPN_MM01, provide transaction code as MM01 and click recording.

It will go to material creation screen, provide values for material creation.

A pop up will open, select basic data1 and enter

Enter below details.

Click Save( Ctrl S), it will go to a screen with recording code.

Click Save, go back, you will go to recording overview screen and click on program button to create a program for this.

Provide a program name and enter.

Provide title, type and click on source code.

Save it in a local object, you will find the below code in the program report ZSAPN_MM01 no standard page heading line-size 255.

include bdcrecx1.

parameters: dataset(132) lower case. ***

DO NOT CHANGE - the generated data section - DO NOT CHANGE

* *

If it is nessesary to change the data section use the rules:

*

1.) Each definition of a field exists of two lines

*

2.) The first line shows exactly the comment

*

'* data element: ' followed with the data element

*

which describes the field.

*

If you don't have a data element use the

*

comment without a data element name

*

3.) The second line shows the fieldname of the

***

*

structure, the fieldname must consist of

*

a fieldname and optional the character '_' and

*

three numbers and the field length in brackets

*

4.) Each field must be type C.

* *** Generated data section with specific formatting - DO NOT CHANGE data: begin of record, * data element: MATNR MATNR_001(018), * data element: MBRSH MBRSH_002(001), * data element: MTART MTART_003(004), * data element: XFELD KZSEL_01_004(001), * data element: MATNR MATNR_005(018), * data element: MBRSH MBRSH_006(001), * data element: MTART MTART_007(004), * data element: XFELD KZSEL_01_008(001), * data element: MAKTX MAKTX_009(040), * data element: MEINS MEINS_010(003), end of record.

*** End generated data section ***

start-of-selection.

perform open_dataset using dataset. perform open_group.

***

do.

read dataset dataset into record. if sy-subrc <> 0. exit. endif.

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '0060'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'RMMG1-MTART'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR'.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MATNR' record-MATNR_001.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MBRSH' record-MBRSH_002.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MTART' record-MTART_003.

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '0070'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MSICHTAUSW-DYTXT(01)'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR'.

perform bdc_field

using 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)' record-KZSEL_01_004.

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '0060'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'RMMG1-MATNR'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR'.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MATNR' record-MATNR_005.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MBRSH' record-MBRSH_006.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MTART' record-MTART_007.

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '0070'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR'

'MSICHTAUSW-DYTXT(01)'. perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR'.

perform bdc_field

using 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)' record-KZSEL_01_008.

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '4004'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00'.

perform bdc_field

using 'MAKT-MAKTX' record-MAKTX_009.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MARA-MEINS'.

perform bdc_field

using 'MARA-MEINS' record-MEINS_010.

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLSPO1' '0300'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '=YES'.

perform bdc_transaction using 'MM01'.

enddo.

perform close_group. perform close_dataset using dataset.

BDC call transaction for Material Master MM01 BDC call transaction method for migrating Material Master data using MM01 transaction

Requirement: Create a BDC program with Call Transaction method to migrate(create) material master basic data using a flat file(.txt with tab delimited). Requirement analysis: To fulfil the above requirement we need to create recording for MM01 tcode using SHDB transaction, upload flat file data to a internal table, process using BDC.

Flat file format. Note:For better understanding, create a material in MM01 with basic data(basic view1 only), refer Creating material in SAP

Follow the below steps to create a BDC form Material Create recording for MM01 transaction Create recording for material master MM01 with material basic data i:e basic view1, copy the code to create a new programMM01 recording with material basic data , the below code will be generated.Try to understand the below code (explained) perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '0060'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'RMMG1-MTART'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' 'ENTR'.

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MATNR' record-MATNR_001. "pass material no

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MBRSH' record-MBRSH_002. "pass industry sector

perform bdc_field

using 'RMMG1-MTART' record-MTART_003. "pass material type

perform bdc_dynpro

using 'SAPLMGMM' '0070'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MSICHTAUSW-DYTXT(01)'.

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE'

"enter

'=ENTR'. perform bdc_field

using 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)' record-KZSEL_01_004. "basic view1 pass 'X'

perform bdc_dynpro view1)

using 'SAPLMGMM' '4004'. "calling second screen (basic

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_OKCODE' '=BU'.

perform bdc_field

using 'MAKT-MAKTX' record-MAKTX_005. "material description

perform bdc_field

using 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MARA-MEINS'.

perform bdc_field

"base unit of meassure

using 'MARA-MEINS' record-MEINS_006.

perform bdc_transaction using 'MM01'.

"finally calling transaction

Add data declerations Add required data declerations for material data as per flat file TYPES: BEGIN OF TY_MARA, "user defined types as per flat file MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR, MBRSH TYPE MARA-MBRSH, MTART TYPE MARA-MTART, MEINS TYPE MARA-MEINS, MAKTX TYPE MAKT-MAKTX, END OF TY_MARA. DATA : IT_MARA TYPE TABLE OF TY_MARA, "mara internal table WA_MARA TYPE TY_MARA. "mara work area DATA: IT_BDCDATA TYPE TABLE OF BDCDATA . "BDCDATA

DATA: WA_BDCDATA TYPE BDCDATA . "work area BDCDATA DATA : BDCMSG TYPE TABLE OF BDCMSGCOLL. "BDC message table DATA:FILE TYPE STRING. "file name PARAMETERS : P_FILE TYPE RLGRAP-FILENAME. "input parameter for file upload

Upload data from flat file Upload data into a internal table from a flat file using GUI_UPLOAD, all BDC performs are available in standard programs, simply double click on each perform and copy from standard program, paste at the bottom. FILE = P_FILE. CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD' "upload flat file EXPORTING FILENAME

= FILE "file name

FILETYPE

= 'ASC' "file type

HAS_FIELD_SEPARATOR = 'X' "is tab delimited TABLES DATA_TAB

= IT_MARA.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0. * Implement suitable error handling here ENDIF.

Process records one by one to BDC Loop through internal table and pass records to BDC call transaction. LOOP AT IT_MARA INTO WA_MARA. "loop all records and pass one by one to BDC PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO

USING 'SAPLMGMM' '0060'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_CURSOR' 'RMMG1-MTART'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_OKCODE' 'ENTR'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'RMMG1-MATNR' WA_MARA-MATNR. "pass material no

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'RMMG1-MBRSH' WA_MARA-MBRSH. "pass indistry sector

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'RMMG1-MTART' WA_MARA-MTART. "pass material type

PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO

USING 'SAPLMGMM' '0070'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MSICHTAUSW-DYTXT(01)'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)'

"select basic view1

'X'. PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO

USING 'SAPLMGMM' '4004'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_OKCODE' '=BU'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'MAKT-MAKTX' WA_MARA-MAKTX. "pass material description

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MARA-MEINS'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'MARA-MEINS' WA_MARA-MEINS. "pass base unit oe meassure

CALL TRANSACTION 'MM01' USING IT_BDCDATA "call transaction MODE 'N' "N-no screen mode, A-all screen mode, E-error screen mode UPDATE 'A' "A-assynchronous, S-synchronous MESSAGES INTO

BDCMSG. "messages

IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0. WRITE :/

WA_MARA-MATNR, 'submitted to BDC'.

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

The filnal BDC for migrating Material Master basic data is below REPORT ZSAPN_BDC NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING LINE-SIZE 255.

TYPES: BEGIN OF TY_MARA, "user defined types as per flat file MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR, MBRSH TYPE MARA-MBRSH, MTART TYPE MARA-MTART,

MEINS TYPE MARA-MEINS, MAKTX TYPE MAKT-MAKTX, END OF TY_MARA. DATA : IT_MARA TYPE TABLE OF TY_MARA, "mara internal table WA_MARA TYPE TY_MARA. "mara work area DATA: IT_BDCDATA TYPE TABLE OF BDCDATA . "BDCDATA DATA: WA_BDCDATA TYPE BDCDATA . "work area BDCDATA DATA : BDCMSG TYPE TABLE OF BDCMSGCOLL. "BDC message table DATA:FILE TYPE STRING. "file name PARAMETERS : P_FILE TYPE RLGRAP-FILENAME. "input parameter for file upload

START-OF-SELECTION. IF P_FILE IS NOT INITIAL. FILE = P_FILE. CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD' "upload flat file EXPORTING FILENAME

= FILE "file name

FILETYPE

= 'ASC' "file type

HAS_FIELD_SEPARATOR = 'X' "is tab delimited TABLES DATA_TAB

= IT_MARA.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0. * Implement suitable error handling here ENDIF.

ENDIF. LOOP AT IT_MARA INTO WA_MARA. "loop all records and pass one by one to BDC PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO

USING 'SAPLMGMM' '0060'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_CURSOR' 'RMMG1-MTART'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_OKCODE' 'ENTR'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'RMMG1-MATNR' WA_MARA-MATNR. "pass material no

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'RMMG1-MBRSH' WA_MARA-MBRSH. "pass indistry sector

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'RMMG1-MTART' WA_MARA-MTART. "pass material type

PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO

USING 'SAPLMGMM' '0070'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MSICHTAUSW-DYTXT(01)'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)'

"select basic view1

'X'. PERFORM BDC_DYNPRO

USING 'SAPLMGMM' '4004'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_OKCODE' '=BU'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'MAKT-MAKTX' WA_MARA-MAKTX. "pass material description

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'BDC_CURSOR' 'MARA-MEINS'.

PERFORM BDC_FIELD

USING 'MARA-MEINS' WA_MARA-MEINS. "pass base unit oe meassure

CALL TRANSACTION 'MM01' USING IT_BDCDATA "call transaction MODE 'N' "N-no screen mode, A-all screen mode, E-error screen mode UPDATE 'A' "A-assynchronous, S-synchronous MESSAGES INTO

BDCMSG. "messages

IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0. WRITE :/

WA_MARA-MATNR, 'submitted to BDC'.

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

DATA : WA_BDCMSG LIKE LINE OF BDCMSG. IF BDCMSG IS NOT INITIAL. "display messages LOOP AT BDCMSG INTO WA_BDCMSG. WRITE:/ WA_BDCMSG-TCODE, WA_BDCMSG-MSGTYP, WA_BDCMSG-MSGV1, WA_BDCMSGFLDNAME . CLEAR WA_BDCMSG. ENDLOOP.

ENDIF. FORM BDC_DYNPRO USING PROGRAM DYNPRO. CLEAR WA_BDCDATA. WA_BDCDATA-PROGRAM

= PROGRAM. "program

WA_BDCDATA-DYNPRO

= DYNPRO. "screen

WA_BDCDATA-DYNBEGIN = 'X'. "begin APPEND WA_BDCDATA TO IT_BDCDATA.. ENDFORM.

FORM BDC_FIELD USING FNAM FVAL. *

IF FVAL <> NODATA. CLEAR WA_BDCDATA. WA_BDCDATA-FNAM = FNAM. "field name ex: matnr WA_BDCDATA-FVAL = FVAL. "field value ex: testmat001 APPEND WA_BDCDATA TO IT_BDCDATA.

*

ENDIF.

ENDFORM.