Analisis Estructural i - Metodo de Trabajos Virtuales

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUU

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUU

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUU

@a pr`s`gt` ieaa`te s` prebud` deg an icgnacbnb b` hrcgbnr ug degkugte b` preha`fns r`suàtes bà t`fn b` ‑

‖ `g nrdes, qu` `s pnrt`

b` an ierfndcôg ndnbãfcdn bà `stubcngt`, pegc`gbe ãginscs `g à ngîacscs b`tnaanbe. Njrnb`zde an ndejcbn hrcgbnbn n `st` trnhnke, n tebes fcs defpnþ`res @stubcngt`s b` an Pgcv`rscbnb Gndcegna b` Mungdnvàcdn b` an @sduàn \rei`scegna b` Cgj`gcnræn Dcvca Mungdnvàcdn, deg an `sp`rngzn b` s`jucr b`snrreaangbe t`fns qu` nûg inatng.

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUU Njrnb`zde na Cgj`gc`re Efnr Dnhnaa`re Tîgdm`z per an r`vcscôg cgdngsnha` y n aes @stubcngt`s b` an @sduàn \rei`scegna b` Cgj`gc`ræn Dcvca Mungdnvàcdn per sus jrngb`s cgquc`tub`s f` mcze r`nacznr à trnhnke. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUU

8

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUU N fc fnbr` R`ôican Ngt`zngn Ynrjns y n fcs m`rfnges @avcs, Suacþe, Xefnabcþe y Sãsfcan per su npeye cgdegbcdcegna y per degicnr `g fæ. UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUU U

4

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


DEGR@GCBE

\îj. ................................ 0 ...................................................................................... 9

>.>

Bìa`xcôg Y`rtcdna H ........................... ............. ........................... .......................... ......................... ........................ ............ 9

>.8

Bìa`xcôg Merczegtna H .......................... ............. .......................... .......................... .......................... .................... ....... =

>.4

Jcre `g à pugte H ......................... ............ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ............... >< .................................................................................... >8

8.>

Bìa`xcôg v`rtcdna B ........................... ............. ........................... .......................... ......................... ...................... .......... >9 .................................................................................... >=

4.>

Bìa`xcôg Y`rtcdna D ........................... ............. ........................... .......................... ......................... ...................... .......... 8< .................................................................................... 8<

2.>

............. ........................... .......................... ............. 88 B`spanznfc`gte B`spanznfc`gte merczegtna b` ‑I‖ ...........................

2.8

............ ........................... ........................ ........... 88 B`spanznfc`gte B`spanznfc`gte merczegtna merczegtna b` ‑8I‖ .......................... .................................................................................... 82

0.>

Bìa`xcôg Y`rtcdna ......................... ............ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ............... 82

0.8

Bìa`xcôg Merczegtna .......................... ............ ........................... .......................... ......................... ...................... .......... 89

0.4

Bìa`xcôg Ngjuanr ......................... ............ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ............... 8= ....................................................................... 4< .................................................................................... 4< .................................................................................... 4< .............................................................................................. 4>

2

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


@g r`nacbnb dunaquc`r tcpe fnt`rcna `stî sef`tcbe na tcpe b` trnhnke qu` pu`b` suircr cgb`p`gbc`gt`f`gt` bà tcpe b` dnrjn qu` ndtûn y à tcpe b` ngîacscs qu` uge pu`b` ngnacznr y `g fnyer perd`gtnk` `s b`hcbe n an ia`xcôg pnrn à dnse b` @stubcngt`s b` Cgj`gc`ræn Dcvca.

   ∯      ô.    ∯      . .   ∯        .   ∯      ô. ,,,    ,,,   

Ia`xceg`s, dertngt`s, nxcna`s y terser`s b` b`hcbe n ans dnrjns

r`na`s pnrn tebes aes trnfes b` an `strudturn. Ia`xceg`s, dertngt`s, nxcna`s y terser`s b` b`hcbe n ans dnrjns

ugctnrcns pnrn tebes aes trnfes b` an `strudturn. (npertcdnbns e degtcgun).



. + . . + . . + .    .. î. 4:    .         .        .  ô     , ,    . .         .  Î     ô    . .   .. î. 4:    .     

(`strudturn b` hnrrns).

@siu`rzes `g ans hnrrns b` ugn nrfnburn, prebudcbes per dnrjns r`na`s.

@siu`rzes `g ans hnrrns b` ugn nrfnburn, prebudcbes per dnrjn ugctnrcn,

npacdnbn `g à pugte `g à qu` s` trnt` b` b`t`rfcgnr an bìerfndcôg. Îr`n b` s`ddcôg trngsv`rsna

Fôbuae e deìcdc`gt` b` @anstcdcbnb.

0

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


w

An vcjn b` s`ddcôg dcrduanr b` bcîf`tre

B,

b`t`rfcgnr

ans

bìa`xceg`s v`rtcdna y merczegtna y

N

jcre `g à pugte H, bnr aes r`suatnbes `g iugdcôg b` ans vnrcnha`s, degscb`rnr aes ì`dtes b` ia`xcôg, dert`, nxcna ans ugcbnb`s `stîg w, \ y X `g teg/f, teg y f r`sp`dtcvnf`gt`.

H \

\nrn b`t`rfcgnr à bìa`xcôg Y`rtcdna `g à pugte H s` npacdn ugn dnrjn ugctnrcn v`rtcdna y s` ngnacznrî per ì`dtes b` ia`xcôg, dertngt` y gerfna scg degscb`rnr an terscôg. @g à scjuc`gt` jrîicde s` fu`strn à ngîacscs per ì`dtes ì` dtes b` ia`xcôg pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn.

9

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


RXNFE HN

<≢ ≢ 

       ∘ ∘>∘des >∘des ∘   8  ∘ ∘>∘des >∘des ∘ 8

>∘>.>∘des >∘des   ∘>∘des >∘des 

@g à scjuc`gt` jrîicde s` fu`strn à ngîacscs b` iu`rzn Dertngt` y Gerfna pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn.

<≢ ≢     +  des ? +8 ∘  >>? >∘>     +  +   /  /  /       +      +     ?  RXNFE HN

:

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


           ∘ >∘des >∘des  ∘ (∘ (∘ >∘des >∘des  ) / ∘ 8      /  + des(>) +     / (∘ )(∘>     (∘  + )(∘>  ) +    /  >      >∘des >∘des  + 8  (>∘des >∘des ) /  () +     + + des des( / > +   (∘ +)(∘> )(∘>) ∘+∘ +    +   + ∘ +  \nrn b`t`rfcgnr à bìa`xcôg merczegtna `g à pugte H s` npacdn ugn dnrjn ugctnrcn merczegtna y s` ngnacznrî per ì`dtes b` ia`xcôg, dertngt` y gerfna scg degscb`rnr an terscôg. @g à scjuc`gt` jrîicde s` fu`strn à ngîacscs per ì`dtes ì` dtes b` ia`xcôg pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn.

=

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


RXNFE HN

<≢ ≢  ?

Ia`xceg Ia`xceg

8 ∘ ∘ ∘>∘des >∘des ∘   ∘>∘des >∘des ∘ 8  >∘>. @g à scjuc`gt` jrîicde s` fu`strn à ngîacscs b` iu`rzn Dertngt` y Gerfna pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn.

<≢ ≢  ?    +  des ? >>?

RXNFE HN

Dertngt` Dertngt` y Gerfna.

+8 ∘  >> 3

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


           ∘ >∘des >∘des  ∘ (∘>.     ) / ∘ 8      /  + des(>) +     / (∘ )(>     (∘  + )(>  ) +    + ++ ∘    +  +  ∘  \nrn b`t`rfcgnr à bìa`xcôg Ngjuanr `g à pugte H s` npacdn ugn dnrjn b` fef`gte ugctnrce y s` ngnacznrî per ì`dtes b` ia`xcôg, dertngt` y gerfna scg degscb`rnr an terscôg. @g à scjuc`gt` jrîicde s` fu`strn à ngîacscs per ì`dtes b` ia`xcôg pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn.

RXNFE HN

<≢ ≢ 

             ∘ ∘ >∘des >∘des ∘    8  ∘ ∘ >∘des >∘des ∘ 8

>∘>

><

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


@g à scjuc`gt` jrîicde s` fu`strn à ngîacscs b` iu`rzn Dertngt` y Gerfna pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn.

<≢ ≢     +  des des ? +8 ∘  ><           >∘des  ∘  ∘> / ∘>∘des 8      /     <   +  des des  < +    +   / (∘ )<   (∘  + +    +∘    

RXNFE HN

>>

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


\nrn à scjuc`gt` jrnicde festrnbe b`t`rfcgnr à b`spanznfc`gte v`rtcdna, `g à pugte B, degscb`rnr seae aes ì`dtes b` ia`xcôg. >.0w

H

w

>.0w D N

B

Teaudcôg; \rcf`re b`t`rfcg`fes ans r`nddceg`s `g aes npeyes b` an `strudturn y an iu`rzn r`suatngt` pnrn an dnrjn bcstrchucbn trnfe NH y an uhcdndcôg b` su

 

d`gtre b` jrnv`bnb `stî `g . Defe an `strudturn `s csestîtcde, utcacznr`fes seae ans `dundceg`s b` an `stîtcdn. >.0w \

\s`g(20) H

\des(20) Xs`g(20)

N

>.0w

20¼ Xdes(20)

D

B

>8

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


\nrn à trnfe nh dnaduanr`fes an iu`rzn r`suatngt` b` an dnrjn bcstrchucbn `g nrde.

      ∯    ∯    

∞   <  20¼ 20¼>∘des20¼ >∘des 20¼ + +20¼ 20¼ 20¼ 20¼ +>.0+ 8 +>.08   8  20¼ 20¼>∘des20¼ >∘des20¼ + 8  20¼ 20¼ 20¼ 20¼ +>.0+ 8 +>.08  8.  ?  8.<0049 ↞ ∞   <  +    20¼ + >.0 0 ?  <.00049 ↞ ∞   <  +   20¼ 20¼  >.0 0 ?  <.4=38= ↘

Pgn v`z dnaduanbe ans r`nddceg`s y qu` an `strudturn `st` `g ug `qucachrce `stîtcde, pres`jucfes deg à dîaduae b` aes fef`gtes ia`dter`s s`jûg à tcpe b` dnrjn qu` `xcst` pnrn dnbn trnfe pnrn ans dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn qu` s` npacdn `g à pugte ‑B‖.

<≢ ≢ 

>4

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


      >. 0  ∘>.0   8   ∘ 8 >∘>.>∘des >∘des   ∘>∘des >∘des 

≢ ≢ 

>2

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


 >. 0   8.<0049(>∘ 0049(>∘)∘>.0 ∘ 8

(>∘8 ) ∘>.0(>∘ (>∘) (>∘  >. 0    8.<0049 (>∘)∘>.0  ∘ 8 (>∘) >. 0  ∘ 8 >>.0(>∘)∘>(>∘)∘>.<.0(>∘ )∘>.

≢ ≢ 

>0

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


6   (>∘) ∘  ∘ 6  ∘  <.060049(>∘ 0049(>∘ )∘<.4=38= =38= ∘ 6    ∘  <.00049(>∘)∘<.4=38= ∘ (>∘)

>∘<.0(>∘ (>∘ )

Pgn v`z dnaduanbe ans r`nddceg`s b` an `strudturn, s` pred`b` n dnaduanr aes b`spanznfc`gtes y tnfhcãg n an v`z dnaduanbe yn ans r`nddceg`s deg ans dnrjnr ugctnrcns, utcaczngbe an scjuc`gt` ierfuan

  ∯  

.

 >  >  >       > > >      +   +  +      <   + <  +  + <  


 ∘ >.08 (∘    ∘ >∘des >∘des  )      >9

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


 (>∘    >. 0  (>∘  ) >. 0    (>∘)∘>. )∘>.00    ∘ 8 ∘ (<.0(>∘ (>∘)∘>.)  8.<9 (>∘ 8 +   

 <.09(>∘  (>∘         (>∘  )∘<. 4 3   ∘  (>∘  ) ∘<. 0 (>∘ (>∘  )    +  

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU UUUUU

   >. 0    8   >∘des …   >. 0  +   8.<9(> ∘ )∘>.0  ∘ >.80 ∘ >.80 (>∘)(<.0 ∘ >)…   <. 0  +   <.09(> ∘ )∘<.43 ∘(>∘)(<.0∘)     >. 0    8    ∘  des  … +   >. 0  +   <.09(> ∘ )∘<.43 ∘(>∘)(<.0 ∘ >)…+   <. 0  +   <.09(> ∘ )∘<.43 ∘(>∘)(<.0∘)  <.<398>:=9<4=99  <.0>29=9983248  <. 0 :=:9::=0:38   +  +  +    + . 


>:

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


@g an icjurn festrnbn dnaduanr à b`spanznfc`gte `g à pugte D, an s`ddcôg bà nrde y vcjn `g dcrduanr, bnr r`suatnbes `g iugdcôg b` aes pnrîf`tres bà fnt`rcna, degscb`rnr seae ì`dte b` ia`xcôg.

H w w B

N D

∞   <  8 +8.8.+08   4 4 ? :4 ?   :4 ∞   <  +   8.8 .8 +  ?  + :4 0 ?   =4 ∞   <    ?

8w

H H w

w

D

N

B

B

N Xnx6Xw

Icj; <>

D

Xnx6< Xdy6:Xw/4

Xny6=Xw/4

Xny6>/4

Icj; <8 Xdy68/4

<≢  ≢

>=

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


8w

H H

w

D

N

B

B

N Xnx6Xw Xny6=Xw/4

Icj; <>

D

x Xdy6:Xw/4

Xnx6< Xny6>/4

Icj; <8

>

x Xdy68/4

 :    4  ∘ 8 > >  84  <≢  ≢

>3

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


 s`g 8 >∘des   =  >∘des    4 >∘des >∘des  +.s`g ∘ 8 ∘ 8  s`g  =    4 >∘des >∘des  +.s`g ∘ 8 ∘  >∘des >∘des    >4 >∘des >∘des              +  +        +   

     =  s`g s`g  >∘des  >4 >∘des       >∘des  +.  s`g s`g  ∘ ∘  >∘des  >∘des     4  >∘des 8      8    ∘  : +  4 8 4  +  +     +   

B`t`rfcgnr an iu`rzn ‑I‖ pnrn qu` ans bes `strudtur ` strudturns ns s` ugng, degscb`rnr aes

drct`rces b` ia`xcôg pnrn à ngîacscs, an s`ddcôg `s dcrduanr y à fnt`rcna `s b` nd`re. I

Icj;<>

r N

r

Icj;<8

r/2

H

w

8I D

>.0w

r r

B

8<

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


T`jûg an icjurn t`g`fes ugn bìa`xcôg merczegtna b` ‑I‖ y bìa`xcôg merczegtna b` ‑8I‖ , s` b`t`rfcgnrî scg degscb`rnr ans bìa`xceg`s v`rtcdna`s

pnrn nfhns icjurns `g à pugte b` ugcôg.

 +   

Dnrjns r`na`s

Dnrjns Pgctnrcn

@g à scjuc`gt` pred`bcfc`gte s` b`t`rfcgn ans `dundceg`s b` aes fef`gtes ia`dter`s pnrn dnrjns r`na`s y dnrjn ugctnrcn pnrn nfhns icjurns.

<≢ ≢  8>

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


\nrn an dnrjn bcstrchucbn tngj`gdcna na nrde ‑NH‖, tefnr`fes ugn p`qu`þn

  6  ∘(>∘ ∘(>∘ ) ∘ 6  (>∘ (>∘ ∘ )  ∘(>∘ ) ∘ ∘  ∘>(>∘ ∘>(>∘)  <≢ ≢    ∘8(>∘) ∘ >.0 (>∘) (>∘8 ) (>∘) >. 0   ∘8(>∘) ∘ 8  ∘>(>∘) bci`r`gdcna qu` crn b` nain

mnstn à pugte T

, begb` s` tefn ugn

bci`r`gdcna pnrn à ngîacscs.

@dundcôg b` fef`gtes ia`dter`s ia`dter` s pnrn an iu`rzn 8I y dnrjn bcstrchucbn b` >.0w.

 >>     ?  8 ∘ >∘  ∘ 8∘ ∘> >∘ 

      ( ( ) )  ( )   <   8 ((>∘) + 8∘) (>∘)   <   ∘  ∘+      +   88

     ?  88

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.




8(>∘)8 >. 0   ∘>(>∘) 8 ∘8(>∘) ∘ 8  <   8(>∘)8 >. 0   (>∘) 8 8(>∘) + 8   <  

>0+82∘22∘92     >9

∘ ∘      +  X``fpanzngbe `g an scjuc`gt` `dundcôg.

 +   

 ∘2+2 82∘92 >0∘22    9∘>9  = + = +  >9 + >9  2 4∘=) 8 +:∘49  (4  2 + >9  2        +∘  ∘      (∘) 

84

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


@g an icjurn festrnbn eht`g`r aes b`spanznfc`gtes

v`rtcdna

N

y

merczegtna y ngjuanr `g à pugte D

w

\

sc à pugte n `s p`ri`dtnf`gt` `fpetrnbe an s`ddcôg `s degstngt` `g tebe à trnfe bnr r`suatnbe `g

D H

iugdcôg b` ans vnrcnha`s b` ans

>.0w

dnrjns y prepc`bnb`s iæscdns bà fnt`rcna.

\nrn b`t`rfcgnr an bìa`xcôg v`rtcdna `g à pugte ‑D‖, degscb`rnr`fes ugn dnrjn ugctnrcn merczegtna.

<≢≢

6 ∘(>∘ ∘(>∘) ∘ 6 >.0   ∘  ∘(>∘)+>.0∘>  ∘(>∘) 82

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


Rrnfe HN pnrn Dnrjn X`na S Dnrjn Pgctnrcn

<≢≢/8

\nrn aa`vnr an iu`rzn bcstrchucbn dcrduanr tefnr`fes an iu`rzn r`suatngt` fîs an dnrjn \ deg sus r`sp`dtcves hrnzes y aa`vnr`fes na pugte ‑H‖.

        >.0 ?  >.0 ? ∲..

\er ae tngte ae fef`gtes mndcn à pugte H qu` vn n s`r j`g`rnbe `s b` an scjuc`gt` fng`rn.

+8 + >.0 ? 8+>.0   +>.0+  (>∘ ∘ )

An iu`rzn r`suatngt` `g à pugte ‑H‖ s`rî

\nrn à trnfe HN tefnr`fes ugn p`qu`þn bci`r`gdcna pnrn an dnrjn bcstrchucbn

, an duna s`rî aa`vnbn mndcn an s`ddcôg ‑T‖ `g an duna

j`g`rnrn ug ia`xcôg deg su bcstngdcn b`

.

Fef`gtes ia`dter`s.

6  ∘ 6    ∘+>.0 >∘des >∘des∘ (>∘ (>∘ ∘ ) ∘ 8+>.0    ∘+>.0>∘des ∘  ∘∘ 8+>.0   ∘>∘des ∘ 8 8    >>  >>  >>     +     <   + < > >  ?   

 







80

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


 ∘>)  (∘(     ∘ >∘ >∘  +>. 0  ∘> ∘( ∘ >∘ >∘   ( ) ) ( )      (∘+>. 0  ∘∘ 8+>.0 )∘    ∘    ∘     >∘des >∘des  ∘  ∘ >∘des >∘des  ∘ 8 8 +    +9 >3 9  4 >0.=8  88.<9  3   2 +  2 ∘  ∘ = +  ∘    (.) .      +  \nrn b`t`rfcgnr an bìa`xcôg merczegtna `g à pugte ‑D‖, degscb`rnr`fes ugn

dnrjn ugctnrcn merczegtna.

<≢≢

6 ∘(>∘) ∘ 6 >.0 ∘  ∘(>∘)+>.0∘>  + + 89

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


<≢≢/8

\nrn aa`vnr an iu`rzn bcstrchucbn dcrduanr tefnr`fes an iu`rzn r`suatngt` fîs an dnrjn \ deg sus r`sp`dtcves hrnzes y aa`vnr`fes na pugte ‑H‖.

        >.0 ?  >.0 ? ∲..

\er ae tngte ae fef`gtes mndcn à pugte H qu` vn n s`r j`g`rnbe `s b` an scjuc`gt` fng`rn.

+8 + >.0 ? 8+>.0   +>.0+  (>∘ ∘ )

An iu`rzn r`suatngt` `g à pugte ‑H‖ s`rî

\nrn à trnfe HN tefnr`fes ugn p`qu`þn bci`r`gdcna pnrn an dnrjn bcstrchucbn

, an duna s`rî aa`vnbn mndcn an s`ddcôg ‑T‖ `g an duna

j`g`rnrn ug ia`xcôg deg su bcstngdcn b`

.

Fef`gtes ia`dter`s

6  ∘ 6    ∘+>.0 >∘des >∘des∘ (>∘ (>∘ ∘ ) ∘ 8+>.0    ∘+>.0>∘des ∘  ∘∘ 8+>.0  ∘              +        +    ?    8:

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


  (∘(>∘) +>.08∘>)()  <   8 (∘+>. 0 >∘des ∘ 8∘∘ 8+>. 0 8)(∘) + <   4 ∘ 42 04 2 9.<:2 ∘8    +  8 + 2 +   .  +.       \nrn b`t`rfcgnr an bìa`xcôg ngjuanr e jcre `g à pugte ‑D‖, degscb`rnr`fes

ug fef`gte ugctnrce.

∘(>∘)+>.0∘>   ∘>

<≢≢

<≢≢/8 8=

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


  ∘+>.0>∘des ∘ ∘∘ 8+>.0   ∘>              +        +    ?      ∘>) ∘>   (∘(>∘  )+>. 0       (∘+>. 0 >∘des ∘  ∘∘ 8+>. 0 )∘> +     +4  4.:>8 3.=9  9.<:  8   8 +   +  +         .+. 

83

CGJ@GC@XÆN DCYCA

T NGBXE A NGB@E N.


@g an icjurn festrnbn b`t`rfcgnr aes pescha`s b`spanznfc`gtes y jcres `g an npeye ‑d‖, degscb`rnr ì`dtes b` dert` y ia`xcôg J6<.2@.

>

, bnr r`pu`stn

`g iugdcôg b` ans vnrcnha`s, an dnrjn bcstrchucbn `s tngj`gt` n an s`ddcôg b` s`fcdcrdugi`r`gdcn. w 8C r H

r

N

r

C

D

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